The New York Herald Newspaper, November 24, 1870, Page 3

NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 24, 1870.—rkiIrLE SHEET. HE EASTERN QUESTION. May of the Black Sea and Circumjacent Territory---The Straits of the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles. : —— RUSSIA The War Panic Agitation Re- ~ newed in England, ; A Brief Speech by the Czar on the Crisis. TURKEY. The Eastern Question and the Treaty of Paris. The Muscovite Policy of the Past and Present. > WOLEN ~~ OLOPOL r 25 Re ont ®O\N ror S “4 Rumor of a Hostile Despateh from St. The Black Sea and the Sea Petersburg to England. LEKANDROV SK of Azof. ANAN\EN TH Change Excited and Securities ROUMANIA AND PANSLAVISRE Heavy in London. f The Dardanelles and the Bosphorus. ®he Home and Colonial Condi- tion of Great Britain. freland Ready for Revolution and India in Danger from the Russians, BYZANTIUM REVIVED. Articles of the Treaty of Paris—The Black Sea Neutralised—Cession of Territory by Russia— She Yields Control of the.Mouths of the Danube—The Danubian Principali- | @urkey Anxious for Concession and Peace. ties United Undor the Mame of Boumania—New Oode of Mari- { Austria, Italy and Hungary Diplo- oar " Melek yet matizing and Non-Committal. The despatches from Europe in reference to the Menaced war en the Eastern question, while mere Pacific in tone than they were & week ago, do net by any means indicate that Russia ts disposed to withdraw or to lessen her demand for the abolition of the treaty of Parts of 1866. They only show that the other Powers which signed that treaty in com Junction with Russia, and, in fact, compelied Russia THE ALARM OF WAR. TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. Koginnd Again Excited—Change Disturbed— Rumors of Russian Belligerency. - treet. Lonvon, Nov. 28—1:80 P, M. The news is more warlike again to-day. At this hour there 1s considerable excitement at the Stock Exchange, and the market for american securities and railway shares is flar. A rumor is now current of a hostile despatch from Russia, which has had a paralyzing effect on the THE RUSSIAN POSITION. 5 TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. Remarks of the Czar on the Crisie—He Hopes for Fence, Buy Ua Ready to Obey God by War, Be ACL Row cy ee ge St. Persespina, Nov. 28, 1670. ‘To an address from the Lithuanian regiment the Czar replied yesterday :— “4 hope there will be no war, but if God wills it you will approve your known devotion.” Russinn pinion, “ LONDON, Nov. 28, 1870. Moscow papers are less confident than those Of St. Petersburg as to the probabil.ties and chances of a war. Advicea from 8t. Petersburg represent that com- mercial circles remain confident that peace will not be broken with England. ENGLAND’S. CONDITION AND DANGERS. TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. Stock Exchange “Peace | Reporte—Russia Firm and the War Featares Prevaleat— Turkey Stands by the Treaty et Pariv— The Continental Allies Cooling Of—India in Danger—Irciand on the Brink of Revolution. Loxpon, Nov. 23, 1870, Desperate efforts are being made by the Stock xchange speculators and their agents to impart a peaceable coloring to the Russo-Eastern complica- tion; but notwithstanding this movement every fcliable despatch or advice received from abroad indicates the existence of @ frm determination on the part of Russia to carry out the principle which was declared in Prince Gortchakoff’s !etter to Earl Granville. TURKEY BELLIGERENT. It is also Known that there isan equally firm de- termination expressed by Turkey to hold the fmendly Powers to a strict observance of the articles of the treaty of Paris, and to bring the matter to issue by war, ITALY AND PRUSSIA IN FAVOR OF THE CZAR. You can rely upon my statement, which is made on information had from a very well informed source, that the position of Italy and Prussia is practically favorable to Russia, “~ INDIA IN DANGER, England’s apprehension of danger to her empire in India in the event of a war is very intense, and this fact alone renders her so exceedingly sensitive on behalf of the Sultan and the interests of uskey. THE GLADSTONE CABINET—A ‘BREAK UP? EXPECTED. The political indications of an approaching break up of the Gladstone Cabinet are increasing. IRELAND ON THE EVE OF REVOLUTION. The HERALD correspondent in Dublin, dating on the 21st instant, writes that the agitation for the release of the Fenlan prisoners has been renewed with great force in Ireland. Ireland feels and kuows the critical position in which England is just now placed, and the Irish people are resvlved to press this question on the gevernment In the hope that they may wring compliance from Great Britain in its hour of danger and fear. Indi- cations exist already of the readiness of the national party in the sister island to plunge Ireland inte re- volution the moment war is declarea between Eng- Jand and Russia. The Irish nationalist journals publish violent assaulta on England and her policy, and the writers are striving their utmost to stop Irish enlistments im the British army. Irishmen are told to reserve themselves for service in an army of Irish in Ire- Jand—an army Which will soon be in the field. It is better for them to risk their lives fighting for hberty at home than to falt for a cause in which they have no interest, or te do battle for the benefit of @ nation which has always proved itself unjust and tyranninal towards Ireland. Such is the lan- guage of the Irish nationalist leaders, THE CONSEQUENCES IN THE GREEN ISLE. Af Eagiand should be compelled to take an active part by war for Tarkey, and thus to withdraw the British troops from Ireland, revolutionary risings are certain to occur all over the sast named country. No OMeial Reply from Russia. Lonnon, Nov. 23, 1870, Tho Forelgn Ofice distinctly contradicts the Tumor of the seception of a reply from Russias Oem SIUSTAIN QRUSTENUK SPSRRDANK Torkey and the Continental Allies. Lonbon, Nev. 23, 1870, The London 7imes to-day has a special telegram from Constantinople aaying that the Sultan Invokes the interposition of the guaranteeing parties, The London Post has information confirming the report that Italy will act In concert with England’ and Austria, é An Effort for Peace. CONSTANTINOPLE, Nov. 21, 1870, It is believed shat the Sublime Porte, anxious to avold @ confitct with Russia, is urging the great Powers to consider the demands made dy Russia. WHAT THE BRITISH PEOPLE SAY. TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. Democratic Expression for Pence. LONDON, Nov. 23, 1870, The Duke of Cleveland writes to the London Times this morning argumg against a war between England and Russia. “The English,” he says, “have no army for forcign service. England has no allies but Austria and Turkey, and they are both bankrupt.’ The Zelegraph this mornivg says the Russian reply 1s expected on Thursday. It 18 generally thought it will not be unfriendly. TURKEY PACIFIC. TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALO. Auxious to Concede and Avoid the Shock of War. Lonpon, Nov. 23, 1870. It is reported here to-day that Turkey, for the sake of peace, is anxious to have the Black Sea opened—a course recommended at Vienna. A correspondent at Constantinople telegraphs, under dave of the 2ist instant, that there was very little excitement in the city and no expectation of immediate war. An impression prevailed, however, that the course of ‘Turkey will be dictated by that of England. AUSTRIA AND TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. Indications of an Independent Policy. Lonpon, Nov. 28, 1870, Semt-official statements have been received from Vienna to-day. It is denied that Austria has pro- posed a conference relative to the Eastern question, Itia also denied that Italy declines to co-operate with England and Austria for enforcing the pro- ‘visions of the Paris treaty. ITALY. Maklug Ready for Eventualities. VIENNA, Nov. 21, 1870, The Austrian soldiers whose terms of service have expired are only dismissed on furlough, tn view of possible complications on the Black Sea difficulty, The reported refusal of Turkey to co-operate with England is oMcially contradicted here; also the statement that Baron von Beust had submitted pro- positions for a European Congress. Austria, it is asserted, though desiring peace, will act prompuly with other European Powers * HUNGARY CAUTIOUS. | TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. “The Cabinet Reticent and Non-Comnnittal. Psst, Nov. 23, 1870, In the Diet yesterday Count Andrassy, on being questioned, declined to give any information as to the negotiations with Russia touching the Black Sea difficulty. A WAR PANIC IN ‘TELEGRAM TO THE KEW YORK HERALD. Trade Prestrated by the Russo-Eastera Com- plication. Lonpon, Nov. 23, 1870, Late advices from Calcutta announce that the com- plications threatened by the Russian question have completely prostrated all business. The market is overstocked with Manchester goods, and heavy losses are expected. WASHINGTON. England’s Scare Over the Alabama Question---Secretary Fish’s De- spatch to Mr. Moran. INDIA. TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENT FOR ALASKA, WASHINGTON, Nov. 23, 1870. ‘The English Scare Over the Alabama Question— Secretary Fish’s Despatch Explained. A good deal has been said about a supposed des- patch sent by Secretary Fish to Mr. Moran, Ameri- can Charge @’Affairs at London, in relation to the Alabama claims controversy. The London corres- pondent of a New York paper represented that all England was in a high state of agitation over it, and predicted that war was at last about to grow out of the exciting discussion, It now appears, positively, as I telegraphed the day after the despatch appeared, that no such communication was sent to Mr. Moran atall, and that in point of fact nothing about the Alabama claims had been written or telegraphed by Secretary Fish. The blunder about the matter is explained thus:;—For some time Secretary Fish has been in cerrespondence with General Sickles, our representative in Madrid, in relation to certain claims which our citizens have against the Spanish government in consequence of the seizure and de- struction of their property by the Cuban authorities. Some of these claims were settled satisfactorily, others were deferred from time to time in a manner that displeased our government, General Sickles Was instructed to press the settlement of these de- ferred claims, and wrote what is considered in ad- ministration circles to be a very abie letter to the Spanish Secretary of Foreign Affairs. In reply to this letter the Spanish Minister wrote a weak note, the .unmistakable object of which was to cause further postponement instead of effect- tg ® speedy settiement. On the recep. tion of this» Secreiary Fish sent a despatch to Minister Sickles briefly in these words:—“Urge settlement of claims vigorously... To insure more certain and speedy communication with our Minis- ter at Madrid Secretary Fish sent a copy of this despatch to care of Mr. Moran, at London, with ivections to both mail and telegraph to General Sickles. The despatch about urging speedy settle- ment of claims leaked out somehow, and, very natu- rally, it was supposed to refer to the Alabama claims, Both the President and Secretary Fish enjoy the blunder, but at the same time wonder how the contents of the despatch became public, Proba- bly, a8 the telegraph isin the hands of the govern- ment at the other side, some of the operators dis- closed the thing to the officials, and hence the hubbub. Affairs in Alaska~A Territorial Government Needed. Mr. 8. N. Buynitzky, who was appointed a special agent of the Tneasury Department at the Alaska seal islands In May last, returned from the island of St. George on Monday Jast, bearing the report of Mr. Charles Bryant, also a special agent on duty at that point. Mr. Buynitzky speaks very highly of the treat- ment received at the hands of the people of the island, and says that they are ambitious to consider themselves American citizens. He was urged by the people of the islandg of St Paul and St. George, as well ag by the residents of the Alutian group, to present their claims for such recognition to the au- thorities at Washington, At present they do not know what to make of their status, and earnestly petition that something may be done toward organ- izing them under a territorial form of government, with a delegate in Congress. Senator Sumner, it ts understood, takes a great Interest in tne welfare of the people of our new possessions, and will introduce a bill into Congress at the next session looking to their amelioration and advancement. The report of Captain Bryant contains mach of interest, He says:— As to my action from the day of my taking charge of the sealing jisiands up to the present date I have brietty to state that I have punctually carried out the programme described in my report of July 14, 1870, and have found that the same has been faith- tully executed by Mr. Buynitzky on the Island of St. George. Provisions have been distributed and fur seals taken and skins subdivided as set forth tn said report, and I may justly say that the result has been satisfactory to ‘all parties concerned. Tho company doing business at the islands had no motives of complaint, and the natives have ex- pressed their entire satisfaction snd asked me to transmit to the honorable Secretary of the Trea- sury their sincere thanks for their timely relief and the easy terms at which provisions have been sup- plied them. Notwithstanding the novelty of tue present state of affairs at these islands, some points of paramount importance claim immediate atten- tion, and I consider it my duty forthwith to make most urgent representations in regard to the necessity of immediate action of the government to meet imperative exigencies created by the Jeasing of the islands and the removal of the Umited States troops. The faithfal collection of nearly $260,009 of tax in fur seal skins, from the nature of the bu- siness and the geographical postion of taese Islands, will principally depend upon the supervision of the revenue oficers in cl je of the sealing islands, and 1am convinced it will be necessary to have on each island two officers, of whom one sheuld be & special agent and anether as assistant, there being no communication between the two islands but by means of the ships coming up to the islands in sum- mer. Under the present ays em, in case of sickness or death of an agent of the Treasury at one of the isiands, the interests of the government at that — Se Hg fo ree A nee to the angers of anarchy. ‘The of the Treasury have been heretofore lod; in houses claimea by the company, and had to board with the com- pany’s officers, This management ought not for various reasons, to be er ee ec A house should be built on each island fer the accommoda- ton ol government officers, and this may be done at an expense of say $2,000 per dwelling, which is bat eee 7 sam, conside! the pros) ive im- or n.ted States troops from the islands and the therewith of these contract doctors both communities ex; chances of disease, 80 vere climate, without any medical assistance. The terms on which the Alsska commercial company has ebtained the lease leave no margin for any tm- provements in the situation of the natives outside of the obligations actually imposed on the com le On the other hand, the rate of taxation upon the seal sking, the only industry of the inhabitants of the sealing islands, and the fact of their being deprived of the benefit of free competition of trade seems to entitle them to some special compensation feave. $0 eemsat th ats early. DrOP tion” ¢ le hat a yt a riation of $5,000 be asked for, to be eq ‘divided between the two islands, for compensation of learned and experienced medical practitioners wad contingent expenses, and an appropriation of $6,000 for the purpose of providtog suitable buildings for hospi- tals and the dwellings of the doctors. in conclusion, I take pleasure in bringing to jhe notice of the department a fact witnessed vy me on my last visit to the Island of St. George—a fact gratifying to all those who like myself, feel interested in the future moral develop- ment of the Aleutian population. On the 14th of Octo. ber I was present at the examination of @ school of twelve boys and six girls in English reading. They distinctly read any page of Wilson’s Primary Primer, counted up tw one thousand, named the days of the week, the months and seasons of the year, various articles of dress, household implements, &c. This was the result of about three months’ work. Rendering justice to the zeal and ability of the founder of the school—Mrs. 8, N. Buy- nitzkyy—I cannot refuse a due share of praise to the natural gifta of the Aleutian race; and I beg leave to express here my earnest belief that the Aleutes might become as good. American citizens as any admitted under the fifteenth amendment o1 the constitution, Newspaper Correspondents Hoaxed. An ancient newspaper contributor, who has made himself somewhat famous about here, perpetrated a sell last night upen several newspaper correspond- ents. Being hard up for money, he 1s said to have gone to some of the correspondents and sold them Qn account of @ bogus interview with Senator Sum- per. He represented the Senator as having ar- rived in town and as having expressed himseif in strong terms about several very important matters. The account was furnished the correspondents at such a jate hour as to preclude a reasonable chance of verifying it, Now, it appears that Sumner has not arrived at all, and that therefore the whole thing is worse than & hoax, An Enterprising Correspondent—Report of the Secretary of the Navy. Some of the newspapers here have recently pub- Ushed what purports to be an abstract of the report of the Secretary of the Navy, to be submitted by the President to Congress with his annual mes- sage, The matter having been brought to the notice of the Secretary to-day he said, in looking over the article, he noticed that It contained views sub- @ general character, and he was at a loss to know how an abstract could be made of his forthcoming report, ag he had conversed with nobody onthe sub- ject and up to last night had not written a line of it. The Naval Court Martial—Detaulting Pay. masters. The Naval Court Martial which has been session in this city for some weeks past investigating the cases ef the defaulting paymasters has ad- journed until next week. The court has been busily engaged in examining a host of witnesses, and some queer testimony has been offered in explana- tion of the deficiencies found in their aecounts. Paymaster Geraud’s case is the last on the list, and the Treasury officiais are now overhauling his vouchers to ascertain if the statement offered by him that his clerk had neglected to forward the final settlement papers is correct. These, he claims, were properly macie out and the clerk represented that he had forwarded them to the Fourth Auditor. Should his statement be found correct it is probable the case will be dismisse@ and the court disso! ved. ‘The Case of General Zclilin. The President, it is stated, bas refused to order the retirement of General Zeilin, Commandant of the Marine cerps, against whom there is consider- able prejudice on the part of officers serving under him, and who are, it is claimed, interested only in securing their advancement. Troops Ordered to Georgia. ‘The Eighth United States infantry has been or- dered to return to Geergia, and the companies will again be distrivuted in diderent parts of that State. Retarn of Congressmen. Over twenty members ef Congress, of both Houses, are now im Washington. Some of them had inter. views with the President to-day. Claims Rejected by the Mexican Commission. ‘The Mexican Olaims Commission will reject ail cases that were not presented belore the Ist of Feb- raary, 1869, Personal. The Navy Department has revoked the order for Commander E, ©. Grafton to command the Terror. The President has recognized Henriques Laidiey as Vice Consul of Portugal im Calilornia and its dis- trict) | liberties had mitted by him in his first report, with additions of | tosign it, are not preparod to resort to war mea- sures to enforce its provisions. France is no longer a power in Europe. Prostrate and bleeding at the feet of Prussia, she thinks but of making some last desperate offorts to maintain her sovereignty and her national life. Prussia, even if ber whole military power were not engaged in the confilct with France, has no desire to interfere with Russia in apy course the latter Power may desire to take in the extension of her dominion eastward. Austria is too evidgnuy afraid of the designs of her great military neighbor and foe, Prussia, (0 embark in any enterprise that might the two {nig gouision, Italy has ag much trouble her hands a8 she can well attend to in the matter of Rome and the Papacy, and, besides, is under recent obligations to Prussia, and has no special interest in the Eastern question. There are, therefore, only two of the cosignatory Powers who would interpose any obstacle to the course proposed by Russia— these are England and Turkey. It will be recollected how the English Cabinet started off in the controversy by @ response to tho note of Prince Gortchakoff. That response, written by Earl Granville, the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, though not very warlike in ite tone, was too firm and definite w be acceptable to his colleagues in the Cabinet or to the Queen; and, although the popular feeling sustained Earl Granville, and seemed to favor war rather than to submit to the Russian propositian, it is pretty evident now that Russia will carry her potnt with- out the necessity of resorting to extreme measures. and what is her point? Simply to wipe away that restrictive article in the Treaty of Paris of 1866 which prevents her having a navy or any fortified places in tne Black Sea, and absolutely proliibits to ships-of-war passage through the Bosphorus or the Dardanelles. wos pclae 3 BARLY POLICY OF RUSSIA. The map which we publish to-day of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azof shows very strikmgly— though only indirectly and by suggestion—the in- justice done to Russia by the treaty of 1856. Pre- vions to the Crimean war the succes sors of Peter the Great, by unceasing vigilance, and frequently at the cost of great sacrificees, had acquired an ever-increasing preponderance ef power upon the shores washed hy these waters. And it should be remembered this result, though often heraided py military ag- gression, had been the frult fer more largely of the peaceful development of Russian industrial activity. The Czarina Catherine saw clearly that conquest and occupation were but the precursors of real strength, and she devoted herself and the vast re- sources at her command to the building up of the material Interests of these seas, Odessa, by far the most Important commercial port on the Black Sea, was founded only a short half-dozen years before the opening of the nineteenth century, and !ts rapid pro- gress im trade has been the consequence of the liberal and enlightened policy of the Rus- sian government. Ere yet the entranchisement of commerce had taken its place a$ @ cardinal princl- ple of elvilized progress—Indeed, as far back a9 1820— Odessa was declared @ free port, Sebastopol ana Kertch are also monuments of the fostering hand of the same beneficent statesmanship, Some other parts of the Russian policy are, it is true, less defen- sible. For instance, Russia, by a series of blgody attacks, attempted to possess herself of the control of tho mouths of the Danube, and only desisted when, by the treaty o1 1829, she was allowed to attain the same object by a pecuniary bargain. She had also assiduously applied herself to the task of stirring up in the Danubian principalities the na- tional sympathies of the Slavonic races wno inhavit them. Until 1866 she succeeded in making herself regarded by these populations as their natu- ral national affinity, and by the treaty of 1829 her right to protect their religious been rcecoguized by all the great Powers of Europe. Of late years, however, in spite of the efforts of Russian agents, it is evident that the sentiment of Panslavism, especially in Rouma- nia and Servia, has been supplanted by a flerce craving for absolute independence, accompanied with @ democratic, or at the worst a constitutional, form of government. The disastrous treaty of 185 4 undid nearly all that Russia had achieved by a cen- tury of sacritice. It stripped her of a portion of the Bessarabian territory; it transferred the protecto- rate of the princtpailties to the general body of the civilized Powers, and, above ail, it deprived her of the right to protect her commerce in the Black Sea, and its future developed strength in the Levant and the Mediterranean by stipulating that henceforth the Black Sea in time of peace should not be tra- versed by armed vessels-of-war, This last condition was to Russia a death blow, and & mement’s reflec- tion will show upon how unjust an inequality it placed her as compared with Turkey. The latter can stul hold @ powerful navy in the Sea of Marmora, which can be diverted in a few days to any point of the Mediterranean or of the Black Sea, Russia, on the other hand, though she 14 still allewed to station vessels-of-war within the narrow limlis of the Sea of Asof, and on her rivers emptying into it, would be powerless to transport them scross the waters of the Black Sea through the Dardanelles into the Mediterranean, evea though she were at war, not with Turkey, but simply with Italy or Austria or France, or any of the Powers that hold possessions on the shores of the tideless goa. It is preity clear also that ® navy such as she is now allowed to keep in the Sea of Azof, unaccustomed to actual cruising and manned and oMcered by tara who have never enjoyed the opportunity of seelng salt water, would be incapable of coping with the abundantly educated fleet of Tarkey or any one of the other great Powers. Looking at the two facts embraced in the last paragraph—the liberal edforts constantly made by Russia to develop the trade Of the shores of tho Black Sea, and the gross injustice done to her by the treaty or 1856 it is plain that this latter instru- Incnt must at some time or other be modified, even 1f itbe not torn into diplomatic shreds. Mdst prov bably the approaching European Congress, jealoug and distrustful of Russia as are the Powers that will malnly compose it, will arrange some cquitgnlg ac