The New York Herald Newspaper, November 19, 1870, Page 11

pe Se AMERICAN PAPER CURRENCY. Resume of Ita History, Value and Vicissitudes. Early Colonial Experiences of Papor— Bevolutionary Serip—Ihe Con- tineptal Congress. , Tho Paper of Later Days—The Orand Green- back Climacterie—The Sinews that Shook and Shattered the Rebellion, Interesting, Tnstructive and Ex- _ haustive Statistics. Paper as a Medium of Exchange. Europe, which looked on with so much compla- @eney while this republic was on the verge ot disso- tution and straining every nerve to sustain Itself from the fulfilment of Uie dire prophectes uttered so confidently by its monarchiewl eneruies, is trembhog unier the shock of war; the area of destruction 13 widening, thrones totter, and the oppressed peoples are preparing for a grand effort for the recovery of their rights ana liberties, As wars cannot be prose- cuted for any length of tine without increased taxa- tion, commercial distress and great tinaucial dis- turbance as their fuevitable consequences, the nations engaged in armed confifct and tose preparing for possible conftets must resort. to paper moucy a8 a means Of sudtdiniing tneir fects and armies, France and Germany have already adopted this last resort of bankrupt treasuries, and other nations, less rich ‘m resources, must soon follow their example. Jt is, then, eminently proper at this time toreview the fimanciat lustory of our great struggie for existence, #0 that In Watching the course of events in Europe we may be abie to see how far her governments have profited by the lessons taught by our experience tn the perplexing field of finance; but as the subject is ‘& wide one, as Well as of the highest importance, it will be necessary to notice thé fist appearance of paper money a8 a circulating medium on this Con- tinent, the colonial epoch, the continental money system, and the earlier efforts of our republican gov- érnment to meet the demands of commerce by sup- plying @ larger amount of (he circalating wediuur tan was afforded by gold and silver coin, THE FIRST AMERICAN MONBY of which there 18 any account was Wampumpeage, or Wampum. This material was manufactured by the Indians, and was of two sorts—black, made of the poquahock or quobough, and white, made of pertwinkles. Many of the shells of whieh 1t was made came from Long Island, It served as @ me- aium of exchange, and its value was at aifferent Umes Hxed by law. In 1643 Massachusetts made it ® legal tender for any sum not exceeding forty shil- hings—the white at erghit and the black at four a penny. ‘fis money, however, was fouad to be quite a8 convenient a3 postare currency at a later period, and was finaly abolished by lew in 1682 a8 @ Jegal tender, Nevertheloss, tt was many years be- fore tt ceased to be regarded with favor in the more remote settlements, The sceond venture in the tela of financial enterprise, half a century later, was made by back woodsmen of the Western States, who, having long suffered from a lack of the cireulating medium, resorted to any execedingly simple and, for the tune boing, effective method of relieving the tightness of the ploncer mouey market. ‘The fiat of asmall stock-jobbing backwoods com- munity—whether tocatea on “the dark and blooay ground” of Kentucky or within the confines of mountainous Peonsylvania, history sayeth not— made the skin of tle r jon a legel tender, It was not convenient currency certainty, but 1t was un- aoubtedly more dimicult to counterfeit than the modern greenhac Houses were bought with it, estates as large as German principalities were sold for it, prudent housewives hoarded Mt, and imisers gloated over it, as they nowalo over the shining metal or the bankable bill, Had it not neen for the fact that the colonies of New York and New England quarrelied with the English setuements on their northern border in 1690, and despatched an expedi- tion to raid on the Kanucks of the period, tt is quite probable that the unfortanate coon family woul have had to supply the circulating medlum for a lengthened period in the history of the Ameri- can séttiements; but, fortunately for them and their descendants, in that year of our Lord the troops of the warlike colonies returned trom Canada after the expedition In @ mutinous spirit. They demanded payment for thelr services, Gold was scarce and the soldiers were clamorous, The government wisifed, to. Impose a direct tax on the colonists, vut such a measure required time, and delays were dangerous, Under the cir- cumstances a brilliant country Mnancier conceived the idea of issuing paper mouey. Hts name ts not récorded, which is a matter of regret, & he deserves canonization as the father of tne modern shinplaster, A sufficient quantity of the new moncy being printed, it was issucd to the people, Is was the first appearance of paper money. A law was passed ordering the treasurer of the colony to receive it ia payment for taxes and to allow the holder of it five per cent per annum interest, It scon fell into dis- credit, however, and circulated at one-third of its face value. People were very disirusifal of it, not because they Jacked faith in the ability of the colony to redeem it, but because some of thé ‘eather money” invented by his gracions Majesty James U. of England hat found its way to America, and, being valueloss, leit an inheritance of suspicion on all money not gold, sliver or copper. But, nevertue- less, ib Was sought aftér whenever the period ap- proached for the payment of taxes, a8 the Intezest of five per cent was added to the p 1 and received for public dues. It ultimately became the medium of exchange, and tended to establish a uniform currency throughout thé colonies. But there was a growing feeling of dissatisfaction in the colonies in regard to this irredeemable and depreciated currency. Massachusetts, in 1749, fyailed itself of the opportunity aforded by the payment by England of the costs of outfit and ex- pense attending the expedition against Louisburg, tn 1745, to reveem the paper currency, which was found to be an incubus, It was redeemed at one- eleventh of ils face vaiue—a loss which fell wholly on the people, Being a measure of public necessity, however, no disturbance followed. The example of Massachusetts was speedily followed by other of the colonies. IN DR, FRANKLIN'S AUTOBIOGRAPHY an ample account 18 given of the orjgin and progress of paper currency in Pennsylvania, “About this me, 1729,” says the Doctor, ‘there was a cry among the people for more paper money, only £16,000 being eAtant in the province, and that svon tobe sunk, The wealthy inbabitants opposed any Addition, being against all paper currency, from the Apprehension that it would depreciate, as it nad done in New England, to the injury of all creditors. We had discussed this polntin our janto, when I was on the side of an addition, being per- gnadgd thet the first small sum, struck in 1723, had done much g002 by increasing tne trade, empioyment of @ bitmber of inhabitants in the province, suice J now say alt the old houses in- habited anu many new ones building; wherags I remembered wetl when [first walked about the at S Of Phiadelphia, eaung my roll, { saw many br the houses in Wainut street, beiween Second and rout streets, wiih bills om thelr doors “To be let,’? And many Lkewise in Chesunut street and other streets, which made me think the inmabitants of the city were one alter another deserting it, * * * Tho wittity Ol this currency became vy time en experience so evident that tho principles upon which itwas tounded = were —_ never afterwards witch disputed; so that it grew soon to fifty-Uive thousand pounds, and in 1739 to eighty thousand pounds—irade, builutng and inhabitants Ail rhe while increasing, though, | now think, there Re limits beyoud which the quantity may be hurt- i”? ; Dr. Franklin printed @ good deal if not all the Pennsylvania money himself. The oldest Penns)! vania note oxtant t& one which was printed by him \n 1746, being tho twentieth year of the reign of . . NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 1870.—TRIPLE SHERT. ul eRe ert enlistees ‘The names of the signera to it—George | crease of public confidence, It was quite possible that | 1 41 ab the Brokers’ Board in New York. All the ANTESHERET ss pie ee Charles Dearborn ang — Armairong— | the currency would uot haye tepreciatedl 83 dd i bonds ant greenback promises to pay dollars now SOUMTY CONVEN LION. POPULATION OF 4: W E GLiND. are partly. obiterated trom age, but the print- | 1779 were it not for the old manuiac! vaper | Outstanding do not represent tangible property or pbs Rasta ing is perfectly legiole and rly | money in the country, which ab wig time recom- Lr yoe owned by the government, but property in A ae y ‘ the amount, date and object of the bill under | menced tne issue ot greas tities of it. Then Possession. or ere wader is Jurisdiction, Majestic Bizzle. {From the Boston Journal, Nov. 17.) authority of which it was issued, It sent forth reams of the coloital bulla of credit w! and frocn which all this waste muse be reproduced [From the Albany Argus, Noy, 18.) a Journal says the population of New to be current within the government of the ¥, | or Without guarantees of redemption, the sal again and the value restored in order to: bring us Some months ago 4 call was issued ‘for an Anti. dy the census of 1370, a8 contrasted with and bears the Bughs royal arms on is Lace, very | being received at par with Continental’ money. to the Spooie standard and enable us to pay tie devt, | Secret Society Convention to meer at Syracuse on tne | Mat Of 1560, stands as follow fairly engraved. Un the reverse are figures with the | has been estimated that two handred millions of Us | In short the debi mast be pald from the earniags Bien ins. Tie Convention accordiugly assembled ab 1840. 1870, words iw print “Pwenty Shillings,” printed by B. | stuf was put in circulation during the war. | andincome of che people, iM some form of taxation haksoeare Hallon Tuesday morniug. ‘The meet + 028,279 680,423 Frankiin. ‘0 counterteit is Death,” But there | In 1777, when the tde of deprectation seb | to be entoree | by the gorerument. Ine was called to order by tev. A. Crooks, of Syra- ow Hampshire, . 826073 i are older specimens of Rhode Isiand money still im | io, the colonial bills naftoat did mob eX- Jt Was fortunate that the debt, during the war and Cuse, He wominated for chatrman Mr, Green, K 2. 816,098 preservation, of which # note of tue isaie OL 1753 8 | Coed = six mitiions = of dollars, «= AS the | SINCE, Wis discributed to a large extent among all be ho jae delivered #890 lectures on Masonry und | Mossachusett 1,251,068 not the least curions and t: teresting, This 13 printed | continental money, tucn amounted co fourteen mile | Glasses Of people, Intact this was the only Way mn mone 45,099 iniles, and who had been concerned | Rhode Isinad, + 114,620 217,319 on coarse paper, tour by three and @ half inches, | lions, aml the entire circulation from all sources— | Whieh Ue esources necessary to sustain the war haar yet ‘allea Morgan abduction, Commectiout,... + 460,147 637,908 and Lastefaily embellished on the top With a basket | specie veing hidden trom view—was twenty mil- | conid be obtained, ‘The legal tenfler notes were Qauca enn, 4s olfered by Rev, Mr. Saulsbury, of —— and flowers. ‘The sides are tilled in with pillars, and | lions, &sam which formed about one-tenth of the | paid out and distributed to te ariny aud navy and go county, The Rev. Mr. Crooks then ofie «8,136,283 By at the bottom ts Lhe arras of the colony. The body ‘of the note contains the following, in rather shaky priut;— Siecrereenreessace ase ities reece 3au, due from th Colony of Rhode Ttand, &e., to yes 3 Yostessor, shall be equal to Money and shalt be acvopted 3 Ady ye Treunuier ep able Yaydaents and for any Stock at 4 NuWrUsL, Augst yo sty 178. . By order of the i GENERAL ASSEMBBY, DOLE OLELETELELE ODIO LE DELLE EOCENE OEE OEEE ‘There are also bills of March 18, 1750, of the colony of Khode Isiand, which cai tov “One Quuce and Five Pennyweigats of coined Stiver of Steriing Alloy? (equal to £4), but these vre more elaborate m design gud fish, but poor speciwens of prmung. Beyond tie addon of a coat of arms—peesumanly tint of ‘the colony—an ancior on a white snicid, and the moto Speranvus tn te Dornine, ere t3 novking Mm the engraving to offer the east dificulty tow modern counterieiter, In iact RO precanGons at all appear to mye been taken at the Wine Lo prevent Mmutabon of the cngraving or priuting beyond the dire threat whieh the piilosopiic Frankim printed Mm nis Rotes of the Peulisylvaula issue of paper money. ‘There was NO NEW ISSUB OF PAPER MONRY in the colonies from 1749 to 1758, when Cie colonists, having contracted & debt of ten multions to assist tae bu.lish fa thelr straggie with tie French, found themselves laboring under ummense dimcuittes. Tuore was but litie spec.e in tie country, aud that soon found its Way to Mogland. Thus i Was tit in 1/5) wimiost every province issued Ks own paper cur. rency. The Ponusylvauis niouey Was of the denom- MMwLiON Of Crown piece, ten, Liteen aud twenty shul- ling buis, aod were issued ta Putladelplia from tae press of Dr, Franktin, Whose nome, together with thato! his partner in business, Dr, tall, was on the back of each, th) engrav oy was but a slight Lin- provement on the fir. tspecinens of the paper money Issucd by the-colomists. Pernups tie Doctor did uot give much of Dis time to ine business, having altend to his public duties as Postmaster General. dole progress ithe art of bank note engraving and privdny Was imate in 1760, in Ulaet year ‘tive pound noies” were issued im Penusyivanta, which Were priniead party ta red aud pa tly ta black lok; and th.ee years later in New Jersey bills were priated whouy in black Or in red ink, ‘These initer pussed Current for “ope ounce fliteen, peany weights ol plate,” its representative value beifig twelve sail- lings. COLONIAL SHINPLASTERS. From the year 1767 to tine year 1/70 there was more paper money in éireulation {rom the culouy of Mary- Jana tidn irom any ower, Tins paper was redeem- able in London at ube rate of four snillings and six- pence per dollar. The bliis bore tue arms of the Colony, WITH The MOLO, “cresciie et multipucamint”” ‘There was also at tins period a large amount of Duis in circulation in Penbsylyauia and te adjoining provinces, ‘fhe old fori of iszuing notes. jor dul- jars and the fractional parts of dolars was partly abandoned in 1774, and the notes were for shillings only, And from this until tie commencement of hostilitzes between te patriots and the English troops there Weve no issues of paper money worthy Of special retereuve, THE VIRIUE OF PAPER MONBY. It has been well said that paper money has usuaily proved & good servant but a bad master. ‘the history of the Nnanciat struggles of the Revolu- onary Congress and goverument demonstrated ine trath of that axiom. The finadclu! expertinent of that day wus not eminently successful, neitner was it wholly a failure, History deciaves that the glort- ous result of the war for national mdependence was largely due to the conunental money, Tats money begau to be einfited in the summer of 1775. It was & measure of aosolute necessity. From taxauon no funds could be raised, for trade aud commerce was Pde aud we country was impoverished, there was no expedient but to borrpw. Cor had \o tonstitute itself a bank of cirealation, emit bilis of credit euch as in Umes Of financial pres- sure the individual colonies had been accustomed to cuit Hmitec amounts, There Was violent opposi- on to this course, an Opposiuon no less pilter than. that of tue copperhead Cougressmen to the financial meusures O1 Ue 1302 Congress, Opposition, however, Was fruitiess, The necessary ineasnres were pisse |, ahd the new curreacy, Which Was sooa named the “continental Money,’? was welcomed by the peopie, and vecame adecidéd success. it was authorized and guaranteed by the Congress reoresenting tae people, During tie eight years if which the war Was waged pubhe coutidence in the ability of uke Mauion to redeem tts money Was never shaken. Independence cost the coantry im money one Bui dred and tUthty-five imitions of dotars, of which nearly one-lout Was raised by “coutinental’ paper tnoney. THM FIRST ISSUR was on the 23d of June, 1775, the amount being two muilidous of dollars—about the average amount of day’s expenses i our war forthe Umon. It Was, of Course, Necessary that tiis issue should have a proper basis; but, owing to the Jack that the country wus Napover.sned and utterly unable” to bear the burden of further taxation, Congress found lself ina dilcanna, Relying oa the patriotisia of une people, ‘however, CONGRESS HIT ON AN EXPRDIGNT which met the diiticuity, It ve an explicit fuarantee tac taxes s! eni.to redeem the noies siowid be iaid on th usion Of the war, che public haved the anne ineut of tne resolve of Cong wii deight, und the paper when issued ble freely ab ts nominal com. When, therefore, ab @ later period —Noveni or the same yoar—it was nd necessary to risk another issue of paper Money, three mitlions were emitted with equ: Gold and itis trae, was hoard iE OUG Of ClY , and but, notwithsiauding’ this, paper money couuated to be received by Lhe people al lis par Vaine, No depreciation whatever bad Waseu piace, ov! the Leasuiy again ve- caine Cinpty, Aud a Rew crisis appeared, ‘The siuews of war tnd lo be provided 4m tue presence o: extra- ¥ didictities. Lhe pabli¢ revenues tor twe' dciay y iswite Of four mulhons, aud taking advantage of the buoyant publiedeciug on the declaration of uve Ladependenee of the Untied States, ou te 4ta of July, 1778, issued five militons inore, Making the aggregate of paper money in cic- ciation Jourevn Mnuigus OF dollars. A succession of ieverses to cur armies, how- ever, soon slivvk pubtic confidence, Nor did subs sequent succ 3 tore it Ou the 20th of May, 1777, Congress determined to issue Hve imilions more of puper money, but if only brought to the Treasury $1,877, 2 clation had laid its haad i Lo release’it, LECAME ALARMED, and In Septeuber, 1779, determine | taat the amount afloat should not exceed, ab any tune, two hundred mulious of dollars, to which sum they had then nearly arrived, ‘Twenty duliars of Uma p per mouey at ‘hat ine bought no more army provisions than one ulver dollar.” An address to the people was pre- pared, renewlag te produse of redempuon by tax- ation, ou the vonciusion Of the War, Which “as made Whea the. dirst two mntions of paper money was issued, but it failed of Ita purpose. 55 the foiowlng year tie Cont.nental money had faiien tui foity dol- lars Were only Word one dollar in com. Under these circhinstauces the poslionof Cougress was em- barrassing mm the — eatreme, A law was passed requiring all the Continental bills to be brought im at their value, of forty for one, and that new bills, equivalent to gold and silver, be given Inexchange, It was hoped hy tus measure to reduce the circulation to hive millions, a sum which It was thought would not lead lowepreciaio... ‘Pais loo taled oF its purpose. ‘The Paper money Continued to aepreciate tll the end of A790, When ib had fallen to Seveuty-fve for one. Phe paper soun bevanic almost useless, failing to 1,000 to one. It weut out of existence a few years iater. ‘The following table coutatns the oficial statement Jad beiure Congress Of the Various issues, With their respective values in Spanish dotlars ‘at the time of emission, Tue third column gives the number of paper collars Which were equivalent tu one dolar in specie:— TABLE OP TOR AMOUNT OF CONTINENTAL, MONEY ISSUED DUKING THE WAR OF IkDEPESDENCE, WITH THE RATE OF 173 DEPRECIATION AND ‘THA SPECIE VALUD OF BACH I88UE. Dats of IMs. of pape Total amount of dolla: savalead Total value payer issued, t $1 Spaniah, in rperies I,K00, 060 8,uw!,009 4,000,000 6,000,000 5,000,009 1,0. 0,00 1.0.0.0) 3,000,000 1,060,060 9000008 Px 5,000,000 5,e00, 00 bv rd 5,000.0 WHVs,00 70,000,009 1O,0u0), 000 447,630 eat) bys. an 160 30 004,00, Suly 7 1b, Kept. 17, ty 4, @ anecascaccmeee aac Se oF VSSSSssSsee seesesseeessasy sF28 Se ee. cs 2 3 es BeExPetse: ATER THE BATTLE, ‘The foregoing tables show that 1n 1778 and once or twice alterwards (here was & stigut reaction from tue depreciation, bat Uiough the reaction was tem. porary it was decisive. The young republic tad been ‘recognized by France, and & host 0 capavie ofticers arrived from abroad, and disciplined troaps followed, Frankia had negotiated loans m France, Holland and spain, and the consequence Was ap th- Internat and external trade of the country, and ailowe? about seven dohars for every lanapibant. Subsequent investigation shows that wis amount Was 8s much as could be absorbed by the conntr, And it Was be ause tins nattionM limit hed been ex eveded tat depreciaiion began, Had tins glut been prevented, und the am unc of papor kept precisely equal to what the agrregate of metaiie money Would have been tt no paper money were mvcirculation, the dep: tion could not have occurred. Kollow- ing these remarks the views of John Adams, Who was one of the frst to discover a plan toset tne ne ciples of paper currency circulation in a clear light, Will be in place, “fhe amount of ordinary commerce, Internal and exverial, of a country may be commuted ate iixed sum. A certain aurount of money is needed to cu culite amony a society, to enapié thei to carry on their business, ‘This precise sum is discoverable by Catoulation and reduceable to certainty, Yeu may emit paper ov any other currency for your purpose Until You reach bats rate, and iC WHI net depreciate, After You exceed the rule it will depreckate, wnd no power or act of legsiauon hitherto invented will Prevent it. In che case o( paper, 1 yon go on emit. Ung forever the wuole mass will be no more than That was whica was efmbted within the rate.” How far Adams was right is shown ta the above table, and it may be fairy imferred that paper mouey based on national credit Will not depreciate except iv be excessive in quantity. And, indeed, 1 may be safely taken ag a tnanciat axtour that ‘VHEB RATER OF DEPRECIATION 1s usually proporuoped to the amount of excess in the Issue, ‘Thodrmicuity is, that the amount of cure reney reqaired m commercial countrics—such as France wnd Germany lor istauce—18 @ variable quanticy., 1ts volume fuctuaies irom day te day And Gepends om the activity of business, the gvowth of opuien the sfate Of the public mind in refei ence lo government siabuity and honesty of pur- pose, the Lurélgn exchanges aud other circumetan- © AU Will not be uninteresting im thts counection to give Uie table of paying raves of foreign exchange during the cireniation of the continental money, ‘The tollowing will show how many doiiars of paper money, in Computing eXchange, Were reckoned to. be equat to one doilar in coin;-- TABLG OF THE CURRENT RATES OF FOREIGN EXx- CHANGE AT PHILADELPHIA DURING THE WAR OP INDEPENDENCE, SHOWING HOW MUCH PAPER MONEY WAS E.UAL TO ONE SPANISH DOLLAR, i i i Kebrusry 7 1sd 30) low “80 Sito 200 60) 1100) oh ois 6U0 18H BO 70 | 250 500 23.0 60 pBO ~ 250 400 2000 60 Ba Bu 46) lsu 62 e- su 560 wood 300 500 000 6h BW 500 BON 7B 400 600 3850 Oy - 400 «600 4200 lw - ON THE RETURN OF PEACE no attempt was made to cancel the original obitga- tion by redeeming the bilis, tor as the deprecianon had been s.owly progressing while tie paper botnet Was graduatly circulating it was obviously imipossi- ble to measure the exact loss which each hoider had sudered. Iv was, indeed, strongiy urged at one time that the depreciation of the paper money ougnt to be consitered as a tax, inasmuch as the Issue Was made only to relieve the people trom tne Necessity Ol paying a tax; and as the currency cure culated amoug the whole people—rich and poor be ing holders or it and suftering from its depreciation in proportion to the amoants of their purchases and sules—vhe whole loss would be divided amony them very pearly in Just proportion to their abiiity and Hapiiity to pay a tax. The payment of the whole value borne on the fuce of the bill to one- who had received It, perhaps at the rate of one hundred for one, could nave been made only by @ second tax ou the same persons Who had been fairly and heavily taxed by ite de- preciation, That this method, however, which savored strongly of repudiation, notwithstanding its plausibility, Was Dot adopied 1s of no consequence how. Bxciting as Was the question of us adoption or rejection at the Lime when it was first broached, the question beiongs to the dead past, and but tor the broad, pracucal iesson it teaches would not be worthy of particular and detaued mention, OTHER FORMS OF PAPER MONEY. It was not the intention of the writer fn com- Mencing this article to alinde to bonds, his purpose being merely vo show how the issue of ‘Treasury for supplies and material of war. Certificates of in- debledness avd interest-bearing ‘Treasury notes Were aiso pai: out to coniractors and ovhers. The loans Were negotiated by direct appeals to the people to subscr b> ia large and smelt amounts, le great bodvor the people im the loyal States took up tie joans, and became directly in- terested in susiaining - the government, and the great didusion of the notes, bonds and certiiicates ail over the county Was tie only Way In whichthe enormous debt So suddenly crea- tea could be carrivd througi to the close of the war, ‘The greenback notes were very popular among the people, it was a currency in’ dally use, unitorm bn value, and passed freely in every State.” It was the people’s loan to the government, without tnterest, and was ai tie same time advantageous (o them, Devause it Was money In all busiie ss tWansacnons, Ibimmediately became the people's war. All be- Cate pecuniarily interested in its succes’, and they furnishes the means tocarry it om. ‘Phe crushing of the rebellion wasthe people's t nip, and bie people wiil in dae time pay tire debe and thereby breserve the honor and good fatth of the nation, Notwitustandiige the great destruction of values consequent upon the prosecution of the war, the Nation Wis, wt its close, still possessed of great Power and resources, and the maceriat interests of the Northern and Western States were stilt ad- vanelng. Tl ntinue to advance; and now, that peace and order ave restored, and the whole coun- wy North and south ¢ & COMMON INL rest aad a common Gestiny, will continue to advance, There is & vapid increase of population; new felds of en- terprise are continually opening, adding new strengtit and ability vo the peopte to wark back to the specie standard, and ultmnately pay, without embarrassnient, every dotlar of tie debt incurred in mainuwuing the national Uno: To wake this more piain tae following estimate of the Merease of te popuiation of the United States is submitted. Accordiig to the rate of increase in past years our opulation Will advance in the following provor- on — : In 1870. 42,009,000 In 1900, 103,600,090 In 1580. ++ 56,500,000 In 190 133,900,000 In_ 1890........ 76,509,000 ‘The vast means for prosecuting the war to a suc- cessiul fasue were rurnishet by a population not Over 20,000,009, ‘The population subject to the juris- diction of the national government and giving 1 support In 1870 Will be double What 1i Was in 162, The resources of tie country will increase with 93 great rapidity us “Its population, New and jmproved systems of communication are expanding in all directions; the Atlantic and Pacific slopes Wil very soon be bound together by fron bands “Across the Contment;” the mechanic arts, improved machinery, with agricutcaral, mine- Tal aad commerctai faciiities fully developed, will cary the nation so rapidly iurward m power and re- sourees that nothing need prevent the government, if wisely aac economically administered, from re+ tring the legal vender notes within a reasonable time, and as carly as the year 1900 pay the last dollar of the dept incurred i crashing the greatest redel- lion known in the world’s history, and without re- tarding the growth and prosperity of the great re- public. . SAVAGES AT THEIR BLOOSY WORK. The Bleeding Texus Frontier~Outrages by tho Savages. {From the Austin (Texas) Journal, Nov. 1.) More than a year ago Mr. Field and his Jamily Were living near the San Saba, a few miles from Fore MeKavitt, on an .irrigavie farm. One day, while engaged in labor near the house and unarmed, he was surprised by a party of indians, who ran him into the chaparral, Hos wife, ut the house, a very fearless woman and an excellent ridet, hoping to assist her husband, mounted her hurse and rode towards kim to give him his rife. Her devoted courage saved him, fat she was chased, captured and carried off. Great sympathy was felt botn at the fort and among the seitiers, and namerous Scouting parties scoured the treutier tor hundre: of miles, but the heroic woman was never recov- ered, Mr, Kicld ofiered @ large reward, which, With the circumstances of the capture, was widely published by the press of Texys and’ of Kansas. General Carieton, then commaading the post of San Antonio, sent the information to aii the forts on our border and at the ik €, and it was confidently hoped that it Mrs, Fie as held as & captive by the savages the inducement of a large reward would notes, reieemable currency and “legal vender’? Were brought avout in this. country; how the people Decume accustomed to the unpiedsant adveat of paper money, and what eect 1) nad upon national events. ‘Lhe financial history of vie country as con- cerns bonds, Warrants and Treasury notes, not legal tender, 1s Uberefore passed for the present. But the condition of the national finances, when the war of 18i2 broke out, cannot be overiwexed. The Pressure brought to bear on the goverament when the hostitiies with England had been carricd on two years for Treasury notes as @ vlroulating medi Was so greac that the matter had vo bo consiieved py Congres4, Before the war broke out tne country was financially prosperous, Tne debt which had been coutracied during the Revolution Was in course of gra ual liquidation, with the proa- pect of soon being extingnisued; the civil expenses of the government were comparatively Itznt; the burden of (taxation was no longer telt; trade flour ished, commerce progressed and expanded, and a bright fatare expauded itself, The rade shock of war, however, disturbed this, and the question Low, best to raise mouey for tie’ expenses of tie Wat? without risking Ruulonal Lankrupiwy, had w be squarely met. CONFLICTING OPINIONS IN FINANCE. It was the opinion of many private bankers and financiers that it would be a proper policy for the government two issue a larg? amount of Treasury notes Of Smader denomiaauons Without interest, LKO the present grecuback currency, and with them buy tie governinent siocks, and thus save the interest, It Was thougut that thirty milhions could tins ad- vantageousiy be put afloat and kept in circuistion, Making $n AHDUs BaVing to the Covermment of two millions, whica Would oCherWise lave to Le patd in interest, ‘ihe fact tat the Treasury notes were current in Canad par for cola contributed to Uils idea popular. There were ot how- who suougly opposed a paper currency, and Who contended Liat It was always a favorite measare wiih desperate adventurers and Insolvent inerchants, ‘The discussion of this unportant question grew Until the Wilule country engaged in it Ati classes oO: the people eageriy discussed the several pol raised by the advocutes and opponents of a unit rm currency. Tae Secretary of the Treasury in his an- | nuat report, dated December 6, 1815, brougut tne | jer belore Congress and submitted the folowing procire her regioration. One of the band of savages who had been pillaging on our border told an indian trader titat tne Mi-tated a few days alter taken was ted to @ tree and murderea, exc in tura suooung an arrow into her boly. ‘The has- band, however, with inany others acquainted with the Indian character, discredits this story, and be- eves that is sell-sacrilicing wile is still detained as a@slave 11 some gavage camp. A letter from the Quaker Indian Agent at Fort Si! to Mr. Pield corroborates everytuing we have said relative to the senseless and atrocious Indian Policy that prevails at Washington. The Indian agent States that the Indians on the Wichita Reser who are all under the protection of the national gov: ernment, and fed, clothed und shelered by its care, are ravaging our sevilements, and that the policy ursued acts a5 & premium on robbe: ad murder, When tt peaceiul tiey get no’ supplies; bat when they cominit depredations the goverament pays them to quit! Says tins agent, “the indians have repeatedly told me'that in order to get a large supply of goods they had to go on the war path,’? #08 as What from Which Mr. Field is suf iaily committal on the frontier, and to 1 the Governor, Who has himselt ved onthe Indian boraer, and has seen the wreck and ravage Witich are ieft in the wake of these barbarian Words of weloome to the delegates in alvendan He suid the subject was one of tne most weighty aud | Luportant. ines was an age of majestic events, A | decade ago slavery Was a power; now wty | fonad & contivienial home here, Revolutions were | abroad, 10 Burope and China, and hence we lived in an ue of great events. The cabatistic societtes | Were ramilylog the whole country, aud they had a | Tight to mquire inio thein. ‘hey Invited ail ve come and heip and ask the aid of fleaven. “ney were not cynics or busyvodies about other men's ulatters, Ha hoped this would be pleasaat—even a heavenly lace, ite hoped all woule tell the tratu—not as ators Of Masons or anti-Masons. Rev, David MeAllister, editor of the Chrtstia Statesman, spoke vehemently against the Masons, He queted several religious societies, among tent | Buptists, Methodists aad Congregationalis's, that | had passed strong papers aguinst seeret societies, The Free Methodism, the Wesleyan Metnodists, United and Reformed Presbyterians aud one or two other societies did not wdinit secret society men or women to thor OFganizations, These numbered avout haifa muitton, Mr, Green, the chairman, then addressed the meeting, He said he was almost eighiy-three years old, and thougnt he could tefl the truth, He Was & Mason ta Ise, and jived at Batavia, N.Y. He went on 0 give the particulars of he Morgan ailair, Ho KucW Morgan weil, ad he liad beck a bow in the fami, Before the old gentleman hat concluded ie was frequently interrapted wich cheers, aod Mr. Green’s story was prematurely cut short by the acuion of the Convention, ‘The followlug conmutiees were appointed —Commitive—Kev. A. Crooks, Rev. Mr. ‘Thurston, Rey. &. Owens, Rev, Mr. Armour. Busl- ness Coumittee—President Blanchard, Rey. Mr. Wardner, Rey. Mr. Sauisbury, Kev. sit. Greenman, Messrs. Kirkpatrick, Merritt, wold Key. Mr. Arnold, Rey. Mr. Keunison, Without transacting Seber bustitess the Convention adjourned for we day, Wednesday's proceedings are given at emo length in the Syracuse papers, and the scenes de- scribed are quite judicrous, | Ail tic points niade by the speakers were against the Masonte Order. Nothing Was said about the Numerous secret ten. rane Tommplars, the Rechabites, kc. agalust the Grand Army of the Republic organizations, or the famous secret and misuem “Union League.” These were appsrentiy ail W enough in the estimation of these “reiormers.” And Judging from the character ef Lose composing the Convention it is quite probable Liat most of them had been members of some of these ormanizaiions, and especially the latier, The Convention was ene of those fanntical gatherings for which Syracuse, as & piuce of Liecting, Nas Deed so fanious for wany years past. FIFTY-FOUR YEARS IN AFRICA. History by a Missionary. The Rev. Robert Moilat, ata private entertain- ment given by Mr. Fraser, an old friend, ut Buck. hurst IU, Engiand, Uctover 27, desertbed the course of his lavors in South Africa, extending over tifty- four years, passing under réview the wany trials and diMeculties by Which it was beset, When he first Went out tg the Beohuana tribes they had no signof o@ written language, and ex- hibited a3 much astonishment at the use of one as the South Sea Isianders, among whom Whiiams labored, It was avery long time before he could acquire any Knowledge of thet tungue, and his frst attempts at its use involved very awkward and hu- iworous mistakes, For instance, he was made to. cull a man & great rascal), or to ask an old Woman to kiss him, Wile the natives stood by Jaughing at lis blunders. It was @ very earnest — yearn- ing of his heart to be abie to * & to them in their own language of the love of Goa, although he soon found that new daMiculties had to be encountered even here, for it was hard to con- vi tiem of the truth of his testimony, By de. grees it was received by a few, and tnen eyes for. ever unused to Weeping streamed with tears of penltence and love at the recitai of the story of the cross, The venerable missionary recalled with much interest his eariy struggles in transiatlon, Lt-was a Work which be never meant to undertake, but was ultimately Cormpetied to go through with M because no One else could or would undertake it, References Were made to the encouragement he hard received irom his son-in-kaw, Dr. Livingstone, and an expres+ sion of thanktuiness was added in respect to the coufort which he felt in leaving the Kwuman mis- sion under the care of bis excellent son, John Smith Moffat, iv was touching to hear the noble old man utter the strong hope he cherished of meeting once again with the poor Africans who have listened to the Gospei from his lips, when they shali be assvia- bled before the presence of their God and Saviour. In this glorious work he lad finally been called to sumer the penaties of continued tol amid so many didicaites, He had been a martyr to a sad want of sleep, but he rejoiced to say he now felt that rest Was coming back to his Weary aysiem, aud wiih it comfort gnd hope for future labors at home, Mr, Moitwit was through all his labors accompa. nied by his wife, who rendered most valuabie aid Jn the schools and other means employed, as also did some of his children, One of his daugutera mar- Tied the celebrated Liviugstoue. No one but those Who have had opportuaities o} ug & miséiou- ary’s life in an outstation in Africa, India or China, idea of the dy forts and trials Which attend the wife of & missionary, and nothing but thelr love and devotion to the cause of Clirist Could support them, ‘The Rev, Mr, Darling, In anexcellent speech by way of returning thanks for the assembied company, stated the great interest and love with which he had followed from youth the Hie and progress of the de- orders-—the Sons of ‘temperance, the Good Notilny was said eG raids, has made the most resolute effort. MEP SSCA ITE th IRON STEAMBOATS FOR RIVERS, Revolution in Western Crafts. {From the Cineinnati Commercial, Nov. 16.] The Jannch of an iron river steamer on Saturday isa notable event a8 one step of progress in what, we beheve, will be a revolution in the water crate of the Weatern rivers, Which will greatly reduce the pers aad the Cost of-transportation, Here is an iron boat, 180 feet long, 42 leet wide in the hull, 64 feet deep, With an iron sneil varying from three - elghtus to five cighths in thickness, according to tie need, much stronger both in the shell and in the frame th wooden hull, divided into cight water. tight compartments, with forty feet of the deck of iron, Which dfaws, aS launched, but fouricen inches, Such a boat 13 almost proof — against sinking. One, and = even A Great River question: First—Whether the State banks could coesstuliy employed to furnish a uniorm cur- | reuey, wheter a national bank could be employed | More advantageously lor the saine purpose, aud | wheiher whe government would itself supply and | | 1 Thuntan o paper mediuin of exchange of permanent and uniform value tirongitous the United states, A long and exciting discussion in Congress and | tirougnout the country followed the introduction © Diils based on the second proposition, resuiting iinaily in the establishment of the United states Bauk. The history of that institution 18 go well known that itis not considered necessary to sum- marise 1b here. A mere mention, however, of tie 23 Of treasury and bank notes trom the Conti- A epoch to the aking up of the war for wie Univn wil not be without 1nterest, TH ISSUBS UF THE YOUNG REPUBLIC, The first issue Was of Treasury notes on the 26th of December, 1814; the secund’ emission of paper money Look place in 1815; the third in 1837 (denom Nations of $40, $100, $600, $1,000 and a biank); the fourtir in 1448, of Hfiy dollar bila only; the fith in ‘1847 (euominations of £66, $100, $599, $1,000, aud the sixth and last in 1867, being nov denominations of $50, $10), $600, $1,000 and $5,000, | A DIFFERENCE "EWIXT NOW AND THEN. It is worthy of remark that on the notes of the 1814 e were the following printed wor iecetya- ble everywhere by the United States in payment of dut.es, taxes and public lands,” and each nove had on tne lower part of tts face ‘therate of intcresi— $5 40 per cent per annum, These notes were legal tenders for everythings TAB NATIONAL BANK ISSURS. No national bunk currency Was Issued until abort the ist of January, 1#é4, Alter that time it was Gradually issued. On the ist of July, 1864, the sam Of $25,525,095 had been issued; and on the 22d of Apri, 1860, the whole amount of national ban! culation Issded to that time was only $146,927,9 It will therefore be seen that little direct aid was realized from itis carreney unui atter tue close of the war. Ali the channels of circulation were well | Mitlea up With the greenback notes, componnd tntes | Fest notes aud certificates of ndebudness, to the amount Of over $70,001,000, be.ore the National Bank aet got fairly into operation, Tits bank issae | Was, ib iact, an additional infiation of the currency. | SUMMING UP, | In the matter of the legality aud force of the great greenback issue, Mr. Morrill, of Vermout, Who is no mean authority, and Who 1s generally admitied to | be the most logical and far-seetng of all the New. | England menoers, in matters of a fnaucial charac ver, said 1a ts place in Congress that it was with constraint that he gave ms vote for the measure ap- | Propriating $900,0v,000 for the conduct of the war. | de held tis opposition Yo legal tender in abeyance | 50 jar as to alow money for the army and Davy to | be raised in this way if it could be raised in no other. He was opposed to the National Bank bill, though he said ib Was argued with great zeal and ability by | lie Scorei@ry oO: the Treasury. ‘The question coaceramy Wie legality or otherwise Of the tics, however, is not now under discussion. ae are the figures that show what the greenbacks | re ‘the expenditures of the War De- parinent were. 1, 031,323,960 79 + 122,50%,776 12 Total waste of war in one year....$1,153,801,196 OL ‘the history of the human race shows Ho BUCH Con. | Sumpttom and waste in any war ducing a single | year, One otitoa gre hundred gad tity-baree mil- lion elght buadred aud ninety-one thousand one hundred and tairty-six goitars and vingty-one cents expended in one year! ab the ae Of iS your, July 1, 1865, ond tho close of active hostilitic: one doliar in gold wag worth, in greentyac: For Navy vepartment. iwo, of her sections may be pierced, and she will still Moat. Her compartments will greatly reduce the risk of the cargo vy fire. There 1s no reason why she may nob last forty years, And by the use of homogeneous steel in the place of iron, by an in- erease of avout fity per cent in the cost of the plates, a boat may be made of double the strength im the same weight. lron steamboats and iron barges Wil carry the trade of tiese rivers. A new- boat will be a thing to outlive the buiider, instead of golng out In seven or eignt years, This ‘elty has Ken the lead in this revelation, and will hold it. ve Us & 1vee river, and the upper town will before long ring with the clatter of the hammers riveting the sides of iron boats for this and the Mississippi rivera. And i Such excensions of the uses of Iron mstead of in Monopoly pricea which dwarf its uses will be found Ute sure toundation of tke iron pro duction, THE ELECTION MURDER IK ORLEANS COUNTY. Particulars of the Homicide. Tho following are the facts in the case of the mur- Ger ot Wiliam ft. Hudsoa, which occurred at Bagie hor, Orieans county, On the 11th inst, a8 shown by the lesumowy taken at tne coroner's inquest:— Hurison aud @ party of young wea went to Albion to get tie election returns, and wile there one of them told Hudson that his “helper? (Temple) was at Otley’. Hutson said it would be a good joke to go there and surprise him, ani thas have the laugh on hin. When they got there Hadson simply rapped, and did not try Go force open the door. A Iew seconds aitcr he quit rapping the door opened from the Jnside aod be Wax shot, The inree vial were insida (Ea Otley aud Yempte) were held for murder, Bigar aud temple swore wnat wie oid man (Ouey) puled tue door open and fired the set. = The three pariies sat in the house, dressed, until three o'clock in ihe moming, evidently walling ler some one. Tue mau, to ls supposed, was one Brackett, wiih whom both Oley and Temple had had a quarre). ‘Temple wast bave knewn fiudsou’s voice, but he did net prevent ONey's shooting, He (Tempie) had had sone words Whit Hudson some days previous. Otley has a very bad character, He lias shot two men be- Tore, Killing Wether of them, however. Teipie also has ayery oad character, Amamst Edgar nothing parlicuiarly bad is known, — Otley’s wile’s daughter (iiteen years e:d) 18 held as @ witness. A Veritan.® Kv Kivx IN ALABAMA.— ue Selma and Meridian train baited ata wood station on the Alabama and Chaitunvega allroad, on Weduesday, Noveniber 2, between Toomsuva, Miss, and York, Als,, A masked gud disguised figure was seen moving & short distance ta the rear of the wood ple and app. oaching the train, The head waa cov- cred with & blick jhusk or cap, and the body with h white robe, A lady on the train observed it as it leveiicd iis weapon (a@ double darrelied gnn) to shoot, abd remarked exenediy that “there Was 3 man going lo Slipot some One.” Le took deliberate Aim at a colored United states mall agent standing a 1 cay attached to the train, fired and killed uy. ‘The conductor, Benjamin B, Todd, i Ave wud then deiuerately tura on his { and watk twealy or ality paces, and in a moment more quickly fellow @ path io ule crest of a small eminence, where he made a long, loud poise, vy quicsly clapping his mouth with his hand, and then disappeared. ‘The mail agent was & colored man of excellent character, raised ta the couniy adjoining vo that ta whicn he was killed, by a genuieman who says ne | hover had a better or more quiet siave, and was a respected and inoffensive freedian, tis only erime Was “the holding Of Aa ofice adder the United stairs guve niedt,” AN ROL Wien the desperadees of Wat part of (he country Will not toi¢rale jn a maa of COLI — SMEG (Gas) Republicun, NOU. lay voted “South African missionary A PLEASANT REVOLUTIONARY REMINISCENCE, Lafayette’s Remarkable Faculty of Remem- brance. [Danville (Va., Nov. 16) correspondence of the Rich- mond Whig.) It was often remarked of Geueral Lafayette when he was on his tour through the United States, in 1824, he possessed, in @ very extraordinary degree, the faculty of recognizing at a glance ts old companions in arms, Waom he had not seen for more than fifty years, [He could cali by pame as well the privates in the ranks as the highest oficers of the line. The following incident was related to me in the year 1882, vy the lite Judge Brooke, of the Court of Appeals o1 this State, who had been a captain in the War oi the Revolution: While Lafayette was in Richmond, a guest of Vir- einia, an obscure . individual living ta Person county, North Carolina, who was Known in the Revoluuonary army as Sergeant Hood, who be- longed to the company commanded by Captain Brooke, and who, on account of his singular daring and uniiorm good conduct, was a pet of his officers, visited the capital for the purpose of greeting bis old commanding general, ‘ Judge Brooke said that on walking across the Capitol square one morning he met an old man who inquired of him if he cowld direct him to the quar- ters of General Lafayette, adding tnat he had fought under him whea he was a yout and had come 160 miles to see him. Before the Judge had time to respond the stranger said to him, “Is not tis Captain Brooke to whom I am talking?’ On receiving an aflirmative answer he said, “You do not appear to recognize me. I am Sergeant Hood, who belonged to your company during the Revolutionary war.” The Judge told me thai he was immediately filled with the most pleas. ant recollections of the sergeant’s many deeds of vaior performed under his own inspection, that he gave hi a cordial grasp aud went with him to La- layette’s room, On entering and before a word was spoken by any One else the Marquis, Who was in a remote partof the room, eagerly approacted the strange old man, and, ling “Sergeant Hood,” tell on his neck and (tears of joy. He recognized this humble pri- vate in an instant, and recounted some of his deeds of dating to the astonished company, That he should have recognized any of his broiher officers ater @ separation of more than haifa century, during which time they must have undergone the usual change wronght in one & appearance by old age, while his own eyes. must have “grown din,” was a matter of no little surprise, but that he should have hailed an humble private in the ranks by name excited the astonish. ment of ull who were present. ‘She Judge remarked Unat it was one of the mest agrecable aud joyfal re- unions in which be ever participated, THE ELOPEMENT IN Conors.—We mentioned on Tuesday night the elopement of @ man in Cohves With Lhe daughter of a well known citizen of that viace. ‘the uame of tie hero of the affair 18 Daniel Manning. Le has lately been engaged in the rar. tute business, aid, Until Unis walt, Wasa young man Tuuch respee-ed iu the community. The gnl’s name Is Smt. She tsa daughter of Peter Sinita, keeper of the cy lock-up, and {8 only about seventeen years of age. she is described as very handsome. Her conduct, it is sald, has almost broken her fathers heart, and he is contiged to his house by Lil- Ness brocyil on vy griet over her deploravie disre gard of the proprieties of maidenhood. On Tuesday hight Manning bad the audacity to return to the city, When he Was arrested on the charge ol abdtic- ton aud coutued iM prison. tie refuses 10 tell where Ubt gitl 18 aL preseut, bul as his means of commeni- cating With her lave been cut out it is likery she will now return to her he: Manniag’s examimation 1s set doWn for W-murrow; meantime le remains in jall.—Prey Times, Nov. 11, CoLorsp Jonons IN Tex e Texas Tablet has the followivg:—"Seven treedinen were sen- tenced by the colored juries and tue court to io Pennenuary last week; one White maa was also sent there, The colored juries are very severe aud rgd. They seldom let & cuiprit escape Without some Kind of pusisument.” A Bia Wire OaK.—The Clyde (N, ¥.) Ties tela of a white oak Wee, recently felled by Mr, George thouen to comprehend them fully there ts need Lint evllng the full returns of eaeh State, The total POL Wallon oO} of (ie Sues have dove bevter and beg tage so Well as Wad expected. New Hamp. tite only § iu the : je war aad emizration are the probable of one per cont. ANTED—A ished, on the weat side of the vily. EVENING PAP&: THE EVENING FASHIONABLE LocaL POLITICAL ‘ BUBBCRIPTION 60 BUBSCRIPTIO:! MAGNIFICE sf Book: Kia block west of Broadway, between University MAGNIFIO! French broe forte, Palntings, Kt Bureaus, Bedsteads, RICH INLAID BLACK WA ter by Broadway el, Cost $50, for #150; Lwo Suita i reps, for B60; room ISuits, complete, for $0; 20 Brussel te for bUc. & yar iounekeepers O'FARRELL'S Wareroomns, 200 Eighth avenue, ly and weekly payments taken, WOR SALE C! Inquire at 107 West Fift ue LARGEST S1OCK OF FURNITURE IN THE CITY to be sold at trustee's sale, 228 and 280 Hudson stree THE HOTCHK 20,000 bricks a day, wi chomp and 'duradle. ‘an ve seen workin, N.J. State, county and y RY FARM BRICK WOKKS, room 7, 1 Clif street, NHRISTMAS TREE ORNAM HARBACH Biv JREAUTIFUL SETS OF GUM TEETH, B10, Warranted, Gas administered, are certalniy very sopaenive, Sew Sughtud, a3 showa by the cene vives Lp Lo the general ablicipauon, ©, hot only in New Bngtand, put bat shows w falling om since Uuvo, ases the least galit—only one-hatfe 1b ts carious that the thriving period OF Maine, 80 far as regards population, was : : iu the early pare of the century, when M took the liom the ec New Bogland States. ) Hs percentage ef growth has steadty de- Jibs, 600, 1s a good State to fo Vormout, on the contrary, has made 4.91 per turing the last 7 im the preceding, The otter thiee New Enutkud Siwies slow a iar rate of in- # crease and demousivale the faet thatit the older States of the Union want to hold ther own im growth they must p: tures and bo ,he « A minulo €xamination of Ue census a any part of New England Avother result of such mspechon, namely, the cou. Vietion tat the rurai districis ave nearly everywhere stationary ur declining, is less pleasant, too, the remedy may 1 development OF si upon the farms of Now England the same ingenuity, @ and caphat wit power and its trade resources, + too early to ascertain the bearing of the last census figures upou the New Sagland represen- tation in Congrese, Union, aud partical curaiely estat d. the aguvegate, Wough one or two States nay vetaln their present delegations uniumpail Ee aC a HOUSES, ROOMS, &E. ATORE WAN? svecial attention to manufac. $o ment of railroal faciliues, would coniirm this conciustion. Bub here, in the same direction of the ed ln@ustry-—of briaging to bear ch now tell upen its water 8 the tobel population of the of the South, cannot beac Ve situll undoubtedly suder in WANTED, ED—IN BROADWAY, BETWKEN ASTOR al street, or Pork fow, or some good lo » retail business. Ad- OR UNFUR- Adurers box 4,403 HOUSE, FURNISHE JANTED TO LEASE FOR A TERM OF ¥EARS—A good House, between Fifth and Ninth avenues, Twenty third and Forty-second siveets; English oasement Gepinered Tent muvt be low. Address for three days K, G. H, WINTER, box 100 Herald office. ae IMPEN DING CRISIS IN EUROPE, BEE ALL THE LATEST errr Ts LEAD AND LARGES® CIRCULATION OF ALL THE EVENING PAPERS NOTUING WILL BE SPARED IN THE FUTURE TO IMPROVE ON WHAT IS AT PRESENT | Tue BEST N THE crry, TELEGRAM, LADIESt DEPARTMENT. FASHIONABLE GOSSIP THE FALL STYLES. FEMININE MORSELS, EVENING TELEGRAM. xt [| | THE NEWS OF THE DAY IEMs, GOSSIP, MATTERS, squips, =, NEWS Hlth GENERAL FROM “ALL PARTS OF THE CITY AND COUNTRY AND BOTH HEMISPHERES, “ALL OVER THE city” FOR TWO CENTS, | CEXTS PER MONTH, PER YEA PULLICATION OFFICE, “—~ 9 NASSAU STREER, = == _ FURNITURE, | PARLOR SUIT, MADE tor two wale airs, L Private residence ong uth )VEBED DEAWING ROOM SUIT, C , cust 3400, for B150; iano eres, Booke Carpets, Silverware, 8 operty familly 57 West Fifteenth street, new havent. kers; cost #650, for ind Las Leo Parlor, Kitehen and Dink ttiail cost. Call at private residence bs ar Sixth uveane, CARPET AND BEDDING AT REDUCED supplied with above on SAP—TILI RT 0 a Mantel Mivy ja use only a nth @reet, at an immense sacrifice, LANGAN'S, scoruer of Broome, " MISCELEANE MAKES immediately. drain Uie at ft y's yard, Ridges rights lor sale, Address nd yi NTS.—MANUFACTURERS Tree Ornaments at wholesale, address «#6 North Lighth street, Philadelphia, _DENTISTRY Dr, LALLEE, 904 Rowerh EETH EXTRACTED WITHOUT PAIN; 14 YEARS appileation ; 10; plum fas administered; beautifu rs for hollow choeks; seta pur- chased or repaired. J. JAY VILLIERS, 169 Grand strect, near Broadway, NTERNATIONAL. EXHIBITION, ip hibition Bulidings a missioners, For terms NSURANCE POUTOIE bought or prosec ©., box 155 Herald odice. on W, H. GRIFFITH'S tables; and correctness of aagios. 40 Veney sureet. BOLLE ishing Machines, woud working amd Machinery ¥ call gone Whieaps for" eanhy st DAVISE ‘ Obs aon str foot of Cortlandt street, New hae reas Seraey City, and RK SALE-—A ROPER CALORIO ENGINE, 4-HORSR Foist, of We (OWN of Galen, that measures (three Jeot from the ground) seven fect through, He sug $10) worth of stave Yolts from toe tree, and has forty cords of stove Woud and & horseblock Bix leet Across, Wie was cub forty ees (Pont tie grownd, jam ota was between seventy and ei@nty feot im by, ACHINERY TO RENT-PO@ MAKING §,00) BRIG BOE Ay, NE @ reasonable rate, with. clay’ es omen "Tam bal es for the Handkerchief, for the Hair, Hon speciale). xhibat are Informed ‘tb Belgravia, London, will receive and r the contents at the Bx- ts of the Co INSURANC BOUGHT. ~UNLIQUIDATED Pol ast life Insnrance companies Woy experienced counsel, Address Be & SHANGK. NE; EXCHANGE OF ABOUT 200,000 BEST _BILLIARDS OLUTION IN BILBIARD TANLES AND on Cushion —You can make nine cushions (hey beat the world tor elas INERY, S, TANKS, BELTS, WORMS, POL- “MAC dn eae rumaing erder. Apply at’ BOWNE & @ Woodbridge, on the Rarita: Visi binchinery Nard bis Hudson ssgee,