The New York Herald Newspaper, August 31, 1870, Page 5

tt non whatever at this moment to fear, it was neces- sary Wconcentrate in an energetic hand fe forces destined for the defence of the by srl a ‘was one of the first that presented itself to us. neg our short tenure of power. 1 therefore reca ral ‘Trochu from the ind Of @ corps varmee, and directed him to undertake the organ. ion 6f the «defence of the capital. Sucu ts the of the choice, and no other. (Applause,) ow, on the subject of our military operations, [ ave to Bay that the corps of General Stemmeiz, hich oceuples the centre of the Prussian army, stained euch heavy losses that he was obll ‘ask for an armistice to vury ms dead, that was to merely gain time, (Movement of jhesion.) ‘The Pru division, Wuich had ad- need as far as St. Mihicl, could not continue its ‘narch, ean announce to you as certain that the tire corps of Jancers Of Count Bismarck has been nibilaved. That is the word—for not a man re- Bivins Jose cperd ‘The vest proof of the il-suc- cess of the Prussian army is a telegram given in vhe Brussels journals announcing simply a combat, but does not tay a word of victory. (Applanse.) Ir there bad been the slightest success the despatch would not have failed to signalize a victory. A treop of Prussian dragoons had advanced into’a village in the neighborhood of Schiestaut. The peasants armed themselves and Killed ten, aud wok some others prisoners, (Loud applause.) The honorable Minister left the tribune and the Chamber amid geveral marks of approbation. © t BeRuin, August 14, 1870, The attempt to raise a national loan of 120,000,000 thalers nas broken down. Up to yesterday the sub- scriptions had reached the sum of—in round figures— 40,000,000 only, It is to be borne tn mind that this loan did not pretend to offer the chance of a favor- able investment, It has been issued asa five per vent loan at the Nxea price of 88, without a stipu- lated sinking fund, it beng left to the option of the jorth German Reichstag to redeem it by yearly urchases in the market, as. the staie of ie budget would aliow. The prospect of ueh @ redemption, under present circumstances, ung Worth very little, the investment mght be ons.dered as an investment in perpetual annuities. 4 such it would hardly bave fetched wie price of ‘ighty-cight even before the war. Every single ¥uoscriber has ‘subseribed’ from patriouc motives. Phe King himself has taken hal/ a milion, and the ferret manufacturer Diergardt, at Viersen, near achen (A1x la Chapelle), has taken @ million. At Herlin twenty-one millions have been subscribed; at Hamburg #1X milions; then follow towns with three, ewo, one inillion, and the bulk of the pro- fc Cities of less than 100,000 intabitants show ures amounting tO about ten thalers per head 1 the population. Most subscriptions are of 100 wlers only, and the sum has, in very many cases, at once been presented to a Charitable institution, oF has been destined for au orphan—female orphans waving had the prefereuce—which the war may pro- ituce 1m the parish of the donator. ‘Ihe remainder vf seventy millions has been taken by the Seehand- jung, that 1emnant of the sche! propensiiies of 00 years ago, which is now ni but part or the Wrusslan Exchequer uuder another name, gartring pu a very successful banking business anc fosing Money in very unsuccéssful industrial enterprises, As the Sechandlung 18. possessed of a disposable capital ol about twelv muilions of thalers it will be able to pay the first instalment on the seventy millions, and wil thea ty to sell the acquired stock as best 1t can at real anarket prices, Consequently the expedicnt amounts k an absorption of part of the disposable capital { the Shechandiung itself, and to the issue of a joan Of seventy mullions at market price, besides he patriotic part of the loan, amounting to tify millions, There 18 a8 yet no prospect of Prussia mitating the example of France, and stopping the version Of the notes of the Bank of Prussia. There is no run on the bank of any extraordinary churacter, except what the actual tightness of the money market has produced. Of want of confidence there is nowhere a symptom; nobody wants money instead of bank notes, and gold com, Freucn as well us English, 1s even at a discount. The Bank of France—Cnrrent Account. The Secretary General ot the Bank of France, M. Marsaud, issued the following notice respecting cur- rent accounts:;— : Avausrt 17, 1870. The bills discounted by the bauk will leave its Portfollo at the dave indicaed for each of them, and ‘will be presented to the endorsers, If these last, wish- ‘ng to profitpby the delay accorded by the law, do not pay, ie bank will not send the bilis back to the presenters, who will be enabled to ascertain the deat day at the gallery of receipts, before noon, What have been paid and what not, and to with- draw those Lied latter which yy may tink fitto Myuidate, bills unpai by the sub- scribers and = not withdrawn by the presenters will compose a special _port- Joilo. “When the delay of prorogation shuli lave ex- pired the bank wiil again present them, af.er havi added to the amount of each security the figure of the interest Que. In case of non-payment it will have them protested or will apply as usual to the en- doreers, As tO money orders, or those that are simply consigned to the bank for deposit, uney will only be presenced by it once, on the day when each falls due, And for those tbat are not paid it would refer them to the current accounts, after which its intervention would wholly cease, leaving tne ac- counts in question to setile with the debtors, For money bills, henceforward, credit will ouly be givea on the second day aiter the deposit. ‘This measure ty Inevitable in consequence of the excessive labor imposed on the clerks, INCIDENTS OF THE War, ‘The European journals of the 20th of August sup- ply the following interesting general items of war news:— Among the dead at Specheren were found two angels, sisters of Mercy. Asa proot of the severity of the battle a’ Wissem- bourg a Frencn journal states that one of their bla ndards changed hands twenty-seven times. A number of young men are reported to nave left Cork and also Dublin. Some state that as many as 1,000 have ieft to join the foreigu legion in the service of France. ‘The King of Prossia has conferred on his son, the Crown Priuce, the Order of the iron Cross of the rn nd class, as @ reward for the victory of Wixsem- arg. A report prevailed in Belfast that some French ngents had Visited the town lately fur the purpose ole Arish recruits for the French army. + im Paris from persons about the Em- press describe ber Majesty a8 pamfully changed and worn, She has scarcely siept for two hours ai a Ume and 1s unremitting in her attention to public ailairs. Her attendants have the strictest orders to ‘wake her on the receipt of every telegram. E, tnesses of the battle of Wissemvourg state that the Prussian infantry seek particularly to pick ofthe enemy’s officers, for whom four practised marksmen to thé right of each Prussian platoon are apecyally instructed to reserve their fre. * A ineeting of all the families of the Pr be been invited by their present chief in the French capital for some purpose as yet inexplicable, Even Jerome, of Madame Patterson, 1s reported to have had his card. Cardinal Bonaparte 1s deaf to the call, and refused tw quit Rome under any circum- stances. The Abbe Loyson, Professor of Sacred Eloquence in the preg n Facauity of Paris, has writien to the ey ES of the Fifth arrondissement of Paris, say- ing—That itis forbidden to his professton to take up arms except in the last resort, but that he wili ioat willingly work with the spade at the fortitica tions of Paris, and wili be ready to vezia work after mass on Suvday.”” M. Caraot, the repub!ican Minister of 1848, hag written the folowing letter to the Mayor of the Eighth Arrondissement of Paris :—** Place my name on the roll of the National Guard, a8 also that of my son, who 18 8 mining engineer, [am close upon seven- ty, and cannot render great servi but a gvod ex- ample i always useful, We sitll be in Paris to- morrow.” Wissembourz, the scene of tne Crown Prince's rst victory, has been the theatre of mauy military straggles between the Gaul and Teuton. The lines along the chain of heights, erected in 1705 by order of Marshal Villars, extended for upwards of nine niles iM @ Continued series of trenches, walls, aud redoubts, It 1s remarkable that its loss’ by Genera! Beauhbarnais, the maternal grandfather of Napoleon TIL, tn 1793, Was explated by that uulucky servant of the republic on the guillotine, ‘The Figaro gives the follow episode of the battle of Reichsiosven:—Two of the Turcos were carrying to {he ambulance, on @ siutter, one of their comrades, au old, wiute-hatred man, mortally younded in the chest. It was doubtiess a marabout, for, vec ot end approaching, ne stopped the two Turcos, who kneit down while he gave them his peerage cag on og the men rg tus hands aad with sobs and groans, aud then proceeded with their burden in the midst of a hail of baile and “Ty mony, oes that th h lamented ‘ne goes @ much lamented and gal- Jant Genera. Volgon, chief of MacMaton’s stag, Si0 was Billed at Woerth, fell by bis owo hand.’ It is said that the Marshal had desired him to explore a wood in which he thought the enemy might lurk, apd that Colson, having reasons of his own for iroet the wood feta neglected to do so. engagement @ heavy Gre was poured upon the French from that very spot, and MucManott re. | Seege a! calied the Geveral’s attention to the fact. It NBtol. ig related that Colson shot himseif with his When General Palikao mounted the tribune to read the list of new Minisvers the Left heard bim im- Eason and some one cried out, “Speak higher.’? ere the Connt made a reply not every day made in a ae ortae assembly. ‘Gentlemen,’ said the Gen- eral, “I beg your pardon for not speaking higher, but I have for that a good reason. I received, twenty-five years ago, a vail tu my breast; itis there still.” ‘The General recommenced reading the lust without further toterruption, The French, even on their own Specheren hetghts, were as if in @ foreign land, aud the ground where they lay was strewed witli letters addressed to such & one, Camp of Chatons, or such auother at Metz, “to be forwarded @ ia suite de son régiment.” Several Of these letters were natural and touching. Some notitied the enclosure of money. ‘Your friend, Louls Barbari,’’ says a letter from the mother ofa private solaier to her son, “has proposed for Modeste. Let us KnOW a8 800n as possible whether you accept him for your brother-in-law.” A certain Dumber of French soldiers, whose knapsacks bad been emptied, seemed to have carried religions books with them, generally of the simplest kind, from “L’Alphabet Chretien” upwards, An “Atlas du Theatwe de Ja Gnerre” lay by the side of one poor NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 3], 1870—IrRIPLE SHEET) fellow, and by the side of another a manuseript copy of the har des Djinns” (andante con moto), froin Auber's Premleur Jour du Bonheur, A curions and what irregular contribution to the exigencies of the war has Just been made by cer- tain adventurous gentlemen at ‘Lorgau, on the Elbs. It appears there was @ tradition in that peighbor- pee that in wd Freneh (ry while re- lng before the Prussians, sul 4 ché.t in themver, The story bad long ‘awindied down to the uncertain outlines of a mere legen: tale, and was regarded as one of the many inte! ing anecdotes with which nation has enlivened the history of those met je times, Somehow or other, however, some Tergauers, reminded of it by current. ¢ deter to instutute ® search, which, wonderful to relate, resulted In the discovery ofthe treasure trove. The wiiole of tne money, mounting to several thousand thalers, has been handed over to the government, ani will now fur- nish ammunition against the grandsons of ite former owners, RUSSIA. The Empire Arming—Three Armies in Motion. {From the Irish Times, August 20.) Whatever may be reported to the contrary, it is averred that Russia 1s arming. For many years the Information of the Stlestan Gazette from the interior ot Russia has always proved correct. ‘The manner 1n which the Breslau newspaper collects its Kussian fs tts secret; the nature of the commerce of Breslau probably explains it. Besides the 80,000. men who are now, to everybo.ly’s Knowledge, concentrated at and near Warsaw, the camp at in Po- dolia, where in other years about 20,000 men used toassemble for mancuvring in summer, now cun- jams aircady two divisious of » eleven Tegiments of cavalry, including two Cossack re- tinents, and @ considerable force of artillery. einforcements, besiles, are ex; from Vv inces as far oif as the government districts of Kasan and Simbirsk, At Lue sale time the camp La bel fortlfied aiter the Totieben method, aud provision Jor a jong ume, Another) division. of infantry, with cavalry, ig assembled near Luck, in Podolla, not fac from Auendzyboz, and here, nkewise, @ forti- fled camp ts in reas of construction, Apother force is collecting in Bessarabia, and large stores of provisions are on their way thither, But what is Most significaut 18, that all the regiments composing these three armics have cailed im their reserves Now, beiore the harvest is brought in. Blhese tree armies are closely enotreting the Aus- nm Jrontier.. Siiould the war between France and Germany last long, something mught happen in the Zaxt, But should it be quickly finished the Russians will make haste Wo be off again. QUEEN VICTORIA. Her Majesty’s Condition of Health. (From the London Lancet, August 19.) At a time when war iy devastaung the fairest countries of Europe, and when the colamns of the enerai press present us with only too many suo- cts for painful reflection, it ts especially tulying Vo nnd that they also furnish incidental evidence, on which we may rest with entire satisfaction, of the restored health and strength of her Majesty the Queen, We observe that tue Qaeeu travelled on Tuesday trom Osborne to Windsor with so Itttle fa- ugue that she was able not only to hold a council on Wednesday, but also to start on the same even- ing tor the Highiands—a journey of more than 600 mues to be performed by Senda hours of almost unluterrupted railway travelling. All Englisumen will rejoice at such « signal proof of her majesty’s remarkable capacity to sustain both bodily and meutal exertion of @ very arduous kind, and to un- dergo fatigue from which wany of her subjects would have shrunk with feelings approaching to dismay, if her Majesty’s restored powers and re- covered energy bad been displayed entirely in her devotion to tne cares of State, we might perhaps fear for the permanence of the improvement, and mught trembie lest a high sense of duty was prompt- ing her to self-sacrifice, which we mignt afterwards have occasion to depiore. But the great value of the evidence to which we point rests upon its being yielded, partly at least, by exertions from which it would bave becn possible to refrain; and while we 100K upon 1¢ a8 being medically complete, we venture to accept it aga happy augury that in future her Majesty be more seed by her atiached andJoyal People. CUBA, Movements of Troops—Important Captures of Insurgents aud Their Execution—Crops, Havana, August 2!, 1870, After several months of inactivity and i¢thargic action of both Spantards and insurgents, !os Penin- sulares seem to have awakened from their sleep and have inaugurated movements which, if pushed, Will trouble the insurgents sorely. There scems to be @ determination among loyal ones to settle the slavery question in accordance witn mineteenth century ideas in other countries, though they Move 80g slowly. Good will scarcely result to the Spanish cause therefrom. If done in @ proper manner, abolishing slavery by Spain would end the rebellion in Cuba within four months, Spaniards spent 800 years in driving the Moors from the Penia- sula—years in setting an insurrection in Peru after the death of Pizarro, and they are likely, more than likely, to spend some months yet in squeiching the Cuvan uprising. Important official uews from Val- Maseda are to the efect that detachments of voiun- teers from Matanzas and Manzantilo, with part of a Tegument oi reguiar troops, axe in the hilly country separating the Puerw peed and Las Tunas dis- iro Figueredo, Secre- tricts, captured General tary of War of the republic of Cuba, and Generals Rodrigo and Ignacto Tamayo, with their famiues, and several otuer persons of lesser note, killing during ihe skirwmisnes some 160 lusurgents. The three firstnamed were taken to Santiago de Cuba, tried and shot. The Cuban General Mexian Gomez Jost eighiy-seven killed of his men in an action with troops under command of General Boniche in tne Lierra Maestra. Several prowineni insurgents near Bayamo ave been captured and shot. These have Leen severe biows to the Cuban cause, for Figueredo ‘Was considered their most avle man, Heavy rains turoughout the island, generally during the past two weeks, cause the growing sugar cane to look and promise weil. ST. THOMAS. Scare Among the North German Skippers— Escape of General Pulg: from Puerto Cabeilo and Revolt of the Garrison. St. THOMAS, August 15, 1870. The arrival of & French loop-of-war in this port On the 11th tost. from Laguayra caused the captains of North German vessels to move their vessels close in shore, where they are apt to remam some time. The commander of the Frenchman reports that previous to sailing from Laguayra his officers the Prussian steamer Meteor Gined together the night betore the news of a declaration of war between the two coumries reached that place. The Frenchman went outade the next morning and cruised off the mouth of the rt, walting for the Prassian; but Hans didn’t see it, And acted, no doubt, prudently, as the French sloop was much the heavier vessel. Reports from Venezuela reach this city confirming previous ones that General Puiger, confined at Pu- erto Cabello, had escaped and incited the garrison to revolt and take sides with hint in favor of Guz- man Bianco, AFRICA. Affairs on the West Const. ‘The Britisu steamer Roquelle, Captain William F. Foliand, arrived in the Mersey afternoon of August 18, with the malls, &c., trom the west coast of Africa, Teneriffe and Madeira. The dates brought by the Roquelle are ag follows:—Old Oalabar ana Fernando Po, July 15; Bonny, 21st; Benin, 224; Lagos, 24th; Accra, 26th; Cape Coast Castle, 26th; Cape Palinas, 20th; Monravia, 30th, and Sterra Leone, August. ‘The Roquelle had a very large cargo Of palm vil, ivory, &c., teu boxes of yold dust forty-one passengers, The reports from the coast, eapecially, from Old Calabar, describe the oll seasou this year as one of the inost plentiful ever known, Oko Juubo and Ja Ja, as usual, continued at ‘loggerneads,” but no figbung of a serious Character had lstely taken piace between the rival chieis, ‘Trade continued to be very brisk at Old Calabar, Bad paim oll was plentiful. ‘The same foactivity as hitherto reported continued at Bonny, trade remaining at « complete standstill, ‘The health of the place, however, continued very good. A BURGLAR’S LUSK. There has been a good deal of troubie brewing among the brewers of this city of late, and the burglariously inclined gentlemen who have their headquarters in the Eighth ward and other choice metropolitan circles of intelligence have made them the victims of a good many midnight attentions, On Monday night Messrs. epee & Evans, 127 Hud- Son street, came in for their sare of tue’ burglars? kindness, ‘The geutry took @ loug road to travel be- fore they got into tie eat by going over several roof-tops until they reached the skyhght of 127. Down this skylight they dropped to wiere the office safe was, and then, in default of keys, forced the ob- stinate thing open, They expected a good deal for their trouble, but everybody kno how ‘great ex- pectatious” generally result, The present instance ‘Was no exception to the general rule, for they only got twenty-five dollars ta fractional currency and one twenty doilar counterfeit note. They did not touca several checks in the #afe,"one of which, tor $300, 18 payable to bearer. ‘They must nave been ex: treinely disgusted, for in their hurry to leave the pre- mises they left bebind them a first class jimmy, a sledge hammer, a haif-dozen wedges ‘and a pocket handkerchief witich would occupy a washerwoman a whole day in getting back to its original color. The detectives are now on the track of the fellows, although there is a rumor in police circles that the thieves intend to prosecute Phipps & Evans for ing a twenty dollar countcrieit bill on them, There'll be fun if ther do, SPEED IN TELEGRAPHING. Clad and New Systems—Mforse vs. Little—Orton vs. Craig. MR. ORTONS PRONUNCIAHENTO. WESTERN UNION TeLkGRAPH COMPANY, 145 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, Auguat 30, 1870, forse Epiror or Tae Hera. More than a year ago the air in telegraphic circles suddenly became tremulous with whispered rumors of “‘@ great discovery,” the results of which were Gestined to startie the world by an advance, at-a single leap, as far beyond the achievements of Morse a8 were the latter over the postboy and stage coach, AS the subject of these threatening hints and ominous iusinuaticns vegan to emerge from the Tealms of the tilimitable and to assume whe faintest outline of prospective tangibility, 1t was discovered that this latest addition to the family of the wonder- ful was an ancient member rejuvenated—well Known twenty years ago—as ‘The Automatic Tele- graph.” Onty this and nothing-more. It tg now considerably mere than half a year since Mr. D. H. Craig commenced the publication of that apparently infinite series of sonorous prophecies concerning the capacity of this venerable novelty, the latest chapter of which appears in the HERALD of August 20, It 1s not my purpose even to attempt to catalogue the marvels which he has recorded as achievea, The object of this letter will be accom- plished by referring briefly to a very few of them. A télegrapu line with one wire has been constructed between New York and Washington for the express purpose of demonstrating the voracious capacity of the long ago exploded idea, Of this lune Mr. Craig says that It 13 “more than 200 per cent supe- rior to any one of the lines of the Western Union Company," also, that he “can transmit, over asingie Wire, from Washington to New York, twenty-tour thousand words per hour, which is equal to the ave- Tage working of more than thirty wires by the Morse system of telegraphy.” But as if these mtra- cles were not enough to overwhelm with shame and mortification the “slow coaches” of the Western Union, who are compelied to employ the most skil- tal operators and the best nic talent 1m the country. and, infact, in the world, he mercilessly adds:—*But the most important reature of our new system of teiegraphy is its extreme simplicity and unherring accuracy. A boy or girl of fifteen years of age can master the machinery and the whole aystem in a few hours |”? Now, Mr. Editor, the public are deeply interested m knowing whether these declaratioas are plain truths, or whether they are merely the gorgeous blos- somings of a new aprons whose golden frit is only to be plucked by its “promoters,” while the un- fortunate stockholders solace themselves with the EXECUTIVE Orrice, { Tetlecilon that thev are nob the first, who have “gone @ wovlling aid come back shorn.” Existing tele- graph companies aiso are especially mterested to Know whether to go on puttlug up additional wires, in view ol the danger that they may ali be sur- passed by this telegraphic Pagantni which is to ac- complish all the possibilities of the eiectrical gamut on one string. ‘The wuth can be ascertained positively in a very simple manner, and I submit whether the newspa- per vepartment of the demonsiration has not been carried jar enough, and whetuer it 1s not time to stop ballooning und come down to business, ‘The function of the telegraph, as 1 understand it, is to convey a message from the sender to the party addressed in the shortest possible thne, it cannot concern the HERALD to Know that the electricai sig- nals representing a special of 24,000 words, which its Washington correspondent wishes to 1orward as midnight, could be transmitted to New York in an hour, aiter “a boy or girl of fifteen years of age’ had spent forty-eight hours in punching a transia- tion into the Morse characters through a@ strip of paper 2,000 feet long, and which would take forty- eight “cuildren of larger growth” another hour in unravelling and and coyying from @ lapyriuth of paper of eyual length at this end. What you re- quire ts the delivery of the special at your office before the HERALD goes to press, and I claim that tis can be dune more certainly and at less expense by the Morse system, or by the Phelps printing teic- graph, than by any otber, To demonstrate my confidence as to the correct- ness Of this opinion, and also to give Air. Craig an Opportunity to prove ignorance apd his superior knowledge, | oiler the following CHALLENGE. ‘The HERALD, World and Tridune shall be, or shall @ppoint, a commitiee of three, to arrange aud super. intend @ trial between the onc.wire line and “‘iast”” pong Mr. Craig and oue wire of the Western inion Company, from Washington to New York, each party to Geposit with the committee $1,000 Lo abide tne resuit of the trial. The commiite shall cause to be delivered a despatch in dupiicate to Mr. Craig’s line and the Western Union at Washington simultaneously, neither of tue iines to have any previous knowiedge of the contents of the despatch, which may be in writing or printed, and must contain Dot less 3,000 words. The Western Wire and empivy but two 0) e at each end, who shail not be changed or relieved dunng tue trial. Mr. Craig shall be aliowed six operators— three at Washington to prepare and transmit, ana three at New York to receive, transiate and copy the despatch; and whichever party transmits, inakes three legible copies and first delivers them at the offices of the HERALD, World and Tribune, respec- tively, shall receive the $2,000, if awarded to the Weaiern Unton line, oue-aif will be contributed wo the fund for the Morse statue in Central Park and pe aad half to the Telegraphers’ Life Insurance ‘un As a Curther guaranty of good faith on both sides each party shali be permitted to have u representa- tive in both the New York and Washington offices Of the other party during the transmission and re- ception of the despatch. Mr. C 's line having but one wire, in the event of a break he would be unable to complete tne test. To meet such a contingency the Western Union will place at his disposal two extra wires, so arranged that one of them may be substitaced for his own in a few seconds. ‘This proposition, Mr. Editor, places one Western Union wire aud two operators against Mr. Craig's “200 per ceut superior’ wire and six operators for a test which must, | assume, occupy at least an hour. Until he accepts or deciines, it ts idle to waste words a discussion, And if he declines, as i fear be will, the public will not be likely to err in judgment con: pecans merits of an alleged Invention whose only achievement thus far cousists in having ou:- trumpeted a}l competitors, This oer wili remain open for acceptance ten days, the trial to be made within thirty days there- after, WILLIAM MORTON, MX, CRAIG'S PRONUNCIAMEN (0, New York, August 29, 1870. To THE EpiTor OF THE HERAL ‘The telegraph has become a necessity to com- merce and finance, and there ts @ general demand that it shall be placed within the reach of all classes, If the managers of the telegraph do not speedily recognize this demand of the people they will find anearly unanimous voice in favor of wresting the control from the present companies and handing tt over to the government, ‘The electro-magnetic system of practical telegra- phy was the invention of Professor Morse, and since 1846 its capabilities and economies have been sub- jected to every possible test by governments, com- panies and Individuals, and all experience has fully demonstrajed that the capacity of the system, when confined to a single wire, 1s confined within narrow limits, with no possivility of expansion, except py increasing the number of wires; and that with tne sharpest economy of companies and individuals the ayatem cannot be brougiit in this country to meet the economic necessities of cheap telegraphy. Hence, so long as that system shall prevail, the ne- cessarily high tarlif of charges will exciude the mass of the people from more than a very limited partici- pation in its benefits, ‘The ingentous inventions o! Honse, Hughes, Bain, Hummaston, Wheatsioase and others, intended to cheapen telegrapny, have been without success. Greater despatch has been obtained, but either at a greater operating cost, or by sach a departure from simplicity asto more than counterbalance all the advantages; and the original Morse system, witn all its acknowledged defects, remains the only system 4m general use througout the civilized world. ‘The telegraphy of Europe is mostly in the hands of goveruments. La the United States it ie controlied by private compamies, and about ninety per cent of the whole business is done by the Western Union Company, wnd the balance by three or four other aud competing companies, it would be simply absurd to assume or to assert that these. anies do not manage ticir afairs with all the skull, esficlency and economy possible to be applied to the Morse system. Prices over routes in competition puve, to a limited extent, been re- duced, though not sufficiently to augment materially the volume of business; and in no case have com- peting companies been able to earn their fuil ex- Penses, much less @ dividend for their siareholders, while the dividend of the Western Union Company has sunk totwo per cent per aunum. The sysieia forbids that It should be otherwise, To accomplish cheap as well as profitable tele- Staphy in this country there must be found a new aystem, worked by new instruments, by which elec- tricity and its conductors may be utilized in a far greater than is possible under the Morse or other system now in use. The attainment of result or the discovery of any method by which ‘the present volume of business can be performed at materially less cost would justify competition; a combination of bow would insuse @ dexrce of eue- cons only to be measured by the extent of the im- provement, Discarding electro-magnetism, Mr. George Little, alter years of scientific and mechanical labor, has invented an entirely new system of automatic tele- grapby, and bas perfectea and patented a series of appropriate instruments of sunplest iorm and of Minimum cost, that will meet all the requirements of cheap, rapid and profitable teiegraphy, and it is for the introduction and practical appiication of the new instruments and the development of the new system that Senator Blood, of Saratoga county; Erastus Cornii of Albany; Mr. 7 Squires, of this.city; Mr. Daniel Edwards, of New Orleans, with a {ew other gentlemen of equal re- spectability and jarge wealth, have just compicied @ very superior compound (steel and copper) wire Ine between this city and Washington, The advantages offered by the hew Instruments and system in Tapidity of telegraphing, aud in free- dom errors, and equally in their immense com- Parative economy, justify the assertion without any qualification that’ with them telegraphy may be cheapened to @ point that will annually, for years to come, double and probably quadrupie its volume, and at the xame time perform it in all respects much better and much more promeey than the Western Uniou Company now periorms the compa- ratively limited amount of telegraphy of the present day. ‘it May be Interesting to compare, briefly, the ca- Pabilities of the “Morse and “Lie” systems:— Professor Morse, naturaily partial to nis own sys- Sew, in his official report as Commissioner to the Paria Universal Exposition (p, 102) declares the average Dumber of messuges of twenty words each, sent over any one wire in France by the Morse system, to be twenty or 400 words per hour, and tu Prussta from 400 to 600 per hour, Mr, Orton, President ot tne Western Union Company, in his testimony before the ‘asional special commitice in May last (B40), declares:—"‘While we have furnished data showing that one operator in the Untied States has received 2,700 words in an hour ant writen them out, yeu thirty messages (or 600 words) per hour would be an exccilent average.” This statemepi 48 borne out by the ablest experts of the country, ‘This and other corroborating testimony fixes the Average capacity of each Morse wire at about thirty eeeencs of twenty words each, or 600 words per ur. ‘To extend uhis to a day of ten tours would give 6,000 words, or, to year of 318 days, 1,578,000 words, or about 4,000 twenty word messages as the average capacity of a single Morse wire 1a Constant and full use, ‘The capacity of one “Little” wire ts 24,000 words per hour, ‘To extend tits to ten hours gives 240,000 words, or, to @ year of 313 days, 75,120,000 words, or nearly 4,000,000 twenty word messages. “Little” wire in point of capacity, therefore, one 18 equal to about tort,’ “Morse” wires, Tv is true that by the Little system we are required to handle me 8 more than by the Morse system, but not to an extent to change the comparative Vantages as above stated. Jt is unquestionably true, ‘aud J hold myself pledged to prove the fact to any one who has any claim upon my uttention, that under whatever aspect the two systems may be com- pared, the greater relative capacity and economy of the Littie automatic system will permit a reduction ol telegraph charges largely below Lhe actual and necessary cost upon the Morse lines, and still yteld sutisiactory returns ty those mnterested 1a the ‘new 8) m. ie “Little” instruments. have been working for some days past from Washington to New ork over the new compound wire line, and thence to Albany and Budalo, (without breaking the circuit of nearly one thousand miles of wire), over the wires of the mtic and Pacific Telegraph Company, which were kindly tendered to us for this purpose, by Mr. Sweet, the general superintendent of that company, and It 13 proposed to continue to lengthen the cir. cuit, by the kindness of Mr. Sweet, to Chivago, and witimately to San Francisco. While we have substantial reasons for claiming that the Litvle system 1a capable of bem worked In direct circuits irom three to ten times greater than can possibly be done by the Morse system, we never- Vheless have provided ourselves with a new and very Valuable “repeater”? instrument, which correcuy responds to 400° words per minute, and by mens of this repeater and the Little instruments it would be quite practicable to telegraph, by one A SAD AND FATAL DUEL Hostile Mecting Between Two Young Men of Memphis—One Mortally Wounded—Touch- ing Death f£cene—Full Partieu- lara of the Tragedy. {From ihe Mempmis Avalanche, August 27.) The community was shocked at an et hour yes- terday with the announcement that Mr. Ed. F. Ham- din, & well Known and bighly respected young law- bed of this city, had come to his death in @ duel with ir. Kd. 1. Freeman, another well known and re- Speciable young citizen, ‘The news spread like wild- fire through the city, and all day Jong it was the Meme of conversation at street corvers, Ln gotels, in counting rooms, and in all sorts of plaves, public and private. Like Prince Arthur's death, the tragic occurrence was common in the people's mouths, and when they spoke of it it was with blanched Cheeks, bated breath and saddened countenances. Never were our people more horror stricken, and never were they iuore impressed with the barbar- igm of “the ode.” But, whatever the horror of the public, 1t can bear no comparison with the irantic griet of the mother over tue tragic fatp of a loved rat born, or the more stolid but cyually as polgnan sorrow of the father and brother. Who is Ul that can describe the sorrow of that family circle thas rudely sundered? Ah | the bloody code hes plunged many & joyous famity into the lowest depths of grief and despair, And for whatt Let the widowed wile, she orphaned children, tue mother bereft of on, the Sis.cr mnade brotheriess—aye, let all concerned Swer. What has it ali availed? sut let us draw a Veil over this; it 18 too sacred, too sad, a subject lor the public gaze, AUSE OF THE TROUBLE, The dliferenve between the young men, which was of a private cuaracter, las been the subject of talk bout Lown for some days. 1b 14 no breach of pri- vacy to say Uintalady was the innocent cause of the misunderstanding, if such it may be called. Several days ago one of our cotemporaries an- nounced tat the affair had been amicably settled, and such Was believed to be the case by all but a few knowing ones, until yesterday morning, when the Avalanche announced that a duel nad been ar- ranged Lo come of between the parties in a neuh- boring State at sunrise, “Influential ctizens, friends of both pariies, had labored tor days vw bring the affair to un adjustiuent satisiactory to ali conccraed, bat in vain. Blood was the only wonement for real er fancied Wrong, and biood has been shed with direrul resait. Scverat days ago a meeting of the perties: concerned was hed across the river in Ar- unsas, and from this fact doubtless sprung the re- port of settiement, when tn fact it was only for the paERoe, 1 correspondence With @ View to & more hoxtiie meeting. ‘The parties returned to the city, and, 4s indicated, the closing SCENE OF THE DRAMA came Off yesterday morniug im tue State of Miasis- Sippl, JUSL across Lhe state line, when the bright sun had Just appeared across the horizon ana the world Was hardly astir, When the grass was heavy will the dew and birds twittered among the trees, Learning of the intended meeting, the time and Place, the Avalanche despatcued & reporter w We scene, With several other gentlemen, all in dug- gies, he started on his errand yesterday morning at Uuree o'elock. It Was dark, and from the rain of the Previous afternvon the roads were sloppy and dim- cenit of passage, With but an indebniic idea of their exact destination the party proceeded ouward. Dr. Erskine, one of the surgeons, accompanied by Dr. Freeman, @ brother of Mr. Freeman, was known to have started a few minutes eariler aud was sup- posed to be a short distance in advance, but coud not be overtaken, Stopping frequently to make m- quirtes, 1 Was not until about suurise that our re- porter got beyond the Mississippi Ine. About twelve miles from Memphis, on the Hernando roud, a line of carriages was met. He turned out of the road to Jet them pass, As they passed he recognized the dueling party. Several of them, jndlading Mr. amin, recognized him, und saluted him #inilingly. Supposmyg that the hitair had been Maoipulation, direct from this city to every other city 1n the Union, and place in the editorial rooms of every daily journal m such cities a news report at the rate of 400 words per minute or 24,000 words per hour, and this rate of speed can be maintained any desired length of time solely-by electrical and me- chavicel power. D. B. CRAIG. OUR HARBOR DEFENCES. A Partin! Change of the System Contem- Plated=Increased Security Agninst Attack the Object—An Improved American System. It is one of the imperative duties of a govern- mem to protect its coasts and harbors against the attacks of anenemy. ‘This ts one of the objects for which governments are instituted among men, and for which the people contribute liberally of their sub- stauce in order that they might find security through {lgagency. And ft cannot be denied that up to within @ recent period—say up to 1860, or the beginning of our own tate war—the federal government did everything necessary, according to the then ac- knowledzed principles of military science, to make the harbor of New York perfectly secure agatnst either a hidden raid by an enemy or a systematic attack by his fleet. For that purpose the water ap- proaches to New York were, by the numerous de- tached stone forts and batteries, as completely closed to unfriendly vessels as if they had been shut off, like canal locks, with heavy gates. But the American war has revolutionized the sys- tem of attack and defence both on water and on the seashore. The naval battle at Fortress Monroe, where the wooden frigates were crushed in as s0 many paper boxes by a Confederate iron-clad vain, @ad which was only checked jn its unembarrassed victorlous course by the “little cheese-box on a raft,” out allof iton, was the beginning of a new system of marine warfare and coast defence. Fort Sumter was another instauce, and the many expe- riences on the Mississippi aiso taught us valuavle lessons, By the light of these, and measuring the force of the projectiles thrown by the huge iron monsters of Engians and France, it was easily ascer- tained that the wails of Forts Richmond and Hamil ton or of Castle William could not withstand such attack. but would crumble to pieces us did those of Fort Sumter. WHAT IS NOW PROPOSED. For years this subject has occupied the attention of the War Department, and the engineering officers at New York and at Waslingion were busy in test- ing the resisting qualities of various materials to the force of solid round apd conicai ana stwel-poluted shot and shell. The ‘Professional instructions, No. 1%,” lately tasued by the Chief or Engineers, Geveral Humphreys, gives a long list of these experiment: having tested wrought iron and Bessemer steel plates, others made of chilled iron, some of Wrought and chitied tron combined and some of tron and lead concrete. But it seems from the results, as they appear in the lithographed representations uf these several targets, that nearly a!! of them were perforated or broken by tue conical shots or bolts. Yet, as sometping had to Le done to increase the deiensive power and resisting quality of tne fortiil- cations of our harbor, Congress, at_its last session, appropriated $514,000, and the War Department allotted $200,000 of the amount for Staten Isiand, to be expended unaer the superintendence of Generai Gilmore, and $114,000 for Governor and Bedioe’s islands, and for Fort Hautiton, oa the northernshore of the Narrows, in charge of Geueral Newton. No detailed ia- formation could be obtulned irom Generai Newton 4 at his headquarters in this city. He very justly admitted the rightof the press and of the public to Know what is being done for their defence in case of war, yet he very praperly considered that more than a general luimnation of the course adopted should be witoheid, for the publication to the world woukt bring the detatls of the plan adopted to the Knowledge also of those who pos. sibly might at some day or other assume a hostile auittude towards this country, aud such information to them was somewhatin tie nature of “contra- bund of war.’ Still he did not hesitate to say that AN IMPROVED AMERICAN SYSTEM of heavy earth batieries are peing erected at the most available points already selected. ‘The Russian General Totieben’s defence of Sebastopol nas been carefully Studied and vastly improved upon to fur- settled aud that the party was on its way back to Memphis, he drove onward to the top of a hill, in order to turn, the road being narrow. Alter turu- ing he stopped at a creek 10 water his horse, wud while ko doing he was accosted by a colored man from whom he learned Ubat the party was but tuen ‘on its Way to i THE BLOODY GROUND. i He hurried on, and, after some trouble, reached | thesceue By this time the sun was well up tu the | Deavens and ail nature Was bewutiful in vestinents of green, sprinkied and fringed with the golden rays ot the sun. Tne hour was about six o’ciock. It was tov bright a day and too glorious 4 scene for 80 melancholy an occurrence a Was about to ensue, ‘The notes of the birds Moated'by on the morning air, the perfume of flowers regaled the seases, and every- Ming seewed to give praise to the Author of the Universe. Yet, in the nudst of all this, men were intent upon each other's blood. Even at the last moment there was NO CHANCE FOR ADJUSTMENT. Turning off the road our reporier came in full view of the duelling party. They were in an open, level, but deserved teld, on a slight eminence, pre- paring for the work of death. With his companions our reporter endeavored to press his way forward. They were met by one of Mr. Freeman's seconds, by whom they were informed that, acco to ar. Tangements, none but the seconds and surgeous, ‘with two or three invited friends, were to be allowed ou the fleld, This brought the party to a halt ior a Jew moments, when they again managed to preas forward, reaching the field, Here they met and ex- changed salutations with Mr. Freeman, who politely spoke to one of them after the manner of his second. They then retired to an adjoining hill, some yards distant, trom which they obtained’ @ fair view of THE FIauT. From this point our reporter watched the prepara- tous. Breaking clouds just then partly ob-cured the sun, though its ig came down with full force on the spot seiected for the duel. choice of posi- ons was won on behalf of Mr. Freeman; but trom the character of the ground it proved to be of no au- val e, the sun coimng to the side of and vetween the foemen. ‘Two saplings were cut down and transplanted after the ground lad been staked Oi, 80 48 to afford shelter wo each. The word was won by Mr. Scales, on behalf of Mr. Hamlin, ‘The gentlemen then took their respective positions. Each seemed perfectly cool and self-possessed ; not a Muscle moved; bever Was there a sign of a quiver when the words “ARE YOU READY, GENTLEMEN?” were pronounced. Each answered tirmly and audi- bly, “*Yes.” The distance was fitieen paces and the weapons were jormidabvie looking dueling pisto s, jong and with smooth bore. After a pause the words, “Fire—one,” were pronounced, when two sharp, loud reports In quick succession Were heard, and two columns of smoke rolled upward, obscuring py moment or two the principal actors in the tra- erly. # Our reporter and his friends sprang forward. Half- way between the carriages and the ground they wet Mr. Freeman and his seconds moving rapidly in the direction of the carriages. As they passed one of the party, a8 if speaking to vur reporter, and refer- ring (o Mr. Hamlin, remarked that ho was already dead, or something to that efect. The reporter pressed forward io the ground, and found Mr. Hatm- in Supported ina stanuing position by Drs. L, D+ Sanders aud Erskine. THE FIRST SHOT diate, ‘The latter felt his wound ere ve discharged his pistol. After aischarging it he exciaimel, press- ing his hand to his side, “i am lut,” and then looK- ing towards his adversary, “Freeman, I never said aught agains. you or injured you in ali my Life.’? Alier supporting nim awitle tue doctors laid him gently on his back and proceeded wo examime his wound. Dr. examinatio: “Ed, are i Said Mr. Hamlin. “1018 @ kerioux “and | can give you no encouragement. “I fred too high, dian’t 1, doctor? asked the dy- ing wan. “Are you in pain, B “Ob, no, 1am not 1 2" asked one of the group, pain,” he said, “bat L feel on his side, the wound meanwhile having been bun- daged. Strong men stood around, men who had dared death un wany @ battle feild. Tney wept ike ciui- dren. Some hurried words to Dr. Saunders by the dying man. ‘Say nothing to my poor mother,” said Hamlin, nish the resistance required by the use at present of heavy marine artillery. These earth batteries will be so arranged 4s even to project the stone walls of the present forts. A large adaitional number of the heaviest guns will be brought in position on these batteries, while the guns now mounting the forts will be materially changed im number and cali- bre, thus in every respect increasing the force ayaii- able to repel any hostile attack. QUARANTINE COMMISSION, The Commissioners of Quarantine met yesterday in their rooms in Exchange place, at two o'clock ta the afternoon, Messrs. Schell, Beil and Barton, Com- inissioners, aud Dr. Carnochan, Health Officer, pre- sent, After reading the minutes of the preceeding meeting, the following communication from Dr. Carnochan was read by the docror hinseil:— Heauti Orrioea’s DeranrMEnt, QUARANTINE, STATEN IoLANv, August RICHARD Scuet.t,, President Quarantine com! Stk ~The foilo' vessels trom tafected ports bi fives oa lower Quarantine since my report of instant :— Schooner Mattie Roas, ty-four days from Cienfuegos, arrived August 3%, Tho billo? health ‘Mateo toat ‘there are cholera und smallpox tn the city. August 17, on tbe {o this port, Kobert F Sullivan, one of the crew, ‘ted of yer jow fever. Brig Fingall, Afty-three days from Rio Janeiro, arrived August 26. Was tive months at Rio Janelro, during which tue ofcers and crow had yellow rever: : vans, twelve rom Havana, arrire Augut 128. Fhe oa mates aod Z re both four of ‘the crew had yellow (ever befo ana. The mate, Kichard Griffith, and George Bunce, « seaman, died. “bat tell my father I was born @ gentleman and died agendeman,” was ull iat was beard. A pause. The wounded man’s eyes began to turn glassy. He was losing Consctousness, Lv was piain the sands of life were running out fast. Said Mr. Scales, his second, vending over him, “Don't you know me, Ed 1"? ‘There was no response. “He will never know you again, Scales,” said Dr. Saunders, very gravely. The litte group again shed tears. It wasa sud scene. Above the glorious suu shone in ail ite splen- dor; below ail was beautiful and tranquil. The trees in the woods skirting the fleid swayed lazily in the morning breeze; in the distance @ pictureaque farm house broke the view; near by were the carriages; on the ground near the group lay one of the ijastru- ments of death; in the midst of tie group lay a band- some, manly form, Writhing in patn, life fast pass- ing away. ‘The doctors were unable to do anything tor the body; there was nv priest or minister of God to administer Consolation to an imunortal soul. Alter @ little while there wasa contortion of the body, and then an exclamation something like “OH, MY POOR MOTHER |” ‘Then all wassilent as the grave again. The friends and surgeons and spectators loukea on with vated breath, A littie brandy was administered. It failed to have any efect. It was proposed to move the dying man to the house of Mr. Joyner, near by, aad a blanket was procured, into which he was lifted, but it was con- cluded that the change would only hasten death, and the suggestion was abandoned. DEAD, DEAD, DEAD, Tn three-quarters of an hour from the time when the pistol was discharged Hamlin lay a corpse ou the spot where he received the fatal bullet. It en- tered the right side, passed through the iiver and J have also mformation from the Lower Ray thal from “Havana lies off Sandy Hook, and tnvend Ferth Amboy, and there discharge her cargo, th i this tact to fo,this city, J deem it proper. to commanie the Commissioners, #0. that if, inthe event of a violation of the law by auch @ course, disease shall be tatroducea into the city, the Fespountbility ahali be placed where it belongs. I shail use every means in my power to prevent such a Viola in. ee: Alta Vega also lies outside with contasinus discase on The meeting then adiourned. Out through the left side. He was shot CLEAR THROUGH THE BODY, Freeman and his friends had departed. Around the dead man stood Drs. Saunders and Erskine; Messrs. Scales, Belcher and Saunders, the seconds of Hamlin; Mr. Harry Hill, of Bolivar; Mr. James Speed, of Memphis, and the reporter of the ava- was Mr. Freeman's; Mr. Mamiin’s followed imme- | BUCH a SUange sensation here,” placing Mis hand | 5 {t 1s not for a reporter of occurrences to express an omnmlon, all satd the fight watafuir one, and on Ubis point ore ty no ED HAMLIN was a rising young member of the bar of this city, and late @ partner of Judge Henry @. Sauth. - Was about twenty-five years. father is feller of tue iret Nao 1 Bank, is his brusbece ler of the First Nauonal I Gentlemanly and popular m bts imanners and ad- dress, he had many iriends and was muoh admtred in social cirvies, ‘The bar of tne city met Ly d ble was With reference to his death and passed sulta jutions, printed elsewhere in our also an at endant, If not a ment pal chureb. He was tobe married @ Deautlful young lady, who leftafew days ugo to rusticate In Kentucky. He wea to have accompanied ‘her, but was detained ou account of this sad ocour- rence, which Was then pending. He ber, of Grace Episco- BD PRERMAN, the challenging party, stands equally high tn the re- spect of the community. He is w native of Virginia aud has resided in Memphis since the war, engaged in mercantile pursuits, inust of the Ume as LOOK keeper in @ prominent cotton house, TUE SURGBONA, Dr. Saunders attended a3 surgeon on behalf of Mr, Hamlin, and Dr. Erskine on benait of Mr. Free man, THE SRCONDS, Messrs. W. H, Rhea, U. P. Wooldridge and — Taylor acted as the friends and seconds of Mr. Free- man, and Messrs. Scales, Belcher and Saunders for . THE BODY of Mr. Hamlin was removed 00: death to the residence of Mr. Joyner, near the scene of tue duel. Late i the day it was brought to his late reaidence, when @ crowd rapidly gathered, and a scene which 1) ensued, The mother wes wild beggars aescripuon with grief and would not be consoled. Frends and neighbors shared in the grief, strong men and weak Women alike shedding tears over the occurrence which nad thus de led an old and respected family of its brightest jewel. HS FATAL SPOT is @ place known as Shanghal, in Migsissipp!, about 100 beyond the Tennessee line, 1t is sald to be one mile north of the piace where young Taylor was killed iu @ duel with Alonzo Greenlaw some years ago, THE ACTORS. Mr. Freeman and his friends came immediately to town ana were seen at in! is during the day, bat were very reticent. Mr. Hamiin’s friends also re- ‘turned vo town early in the uay aud were also seen on the streets, FURTHER PARTICULARS, Mr. Freeman went out to Shanghai several days 4g0, soon alter the meeting was ar! |, and re- maipell there until after the duel. Mr. lin went out Thursday night aud slept near the fleld. Every effort Was made by Judge Smith, Ex-Governor Har- ris, Rev. Mr. Carmichael and others w bring the aflatr to # satusfactory settiement, but ip vain, lume of the meeting Was put nearly @ week ahead by the friends of Mr. Hamiin with the Lope that something Would occur to settie the affair. Mr. Hamiin’s practice with the pistol showed him to be an indifferent shot. Mr. Freeman was a fine shot, THE CORRESPONDENCR. MEMPHIs, Tenn., August 18, 1870, Mr. Bowarp HaML;:N, Memphis, Lenn:— Sik—This will be handed to you by my friend Mr. Charles P. Wooldridge, { wish him to arrange with you or your friend a speedy mevtung, in order wo set- le all existing differences. In this communication it is hardly necessary to refer to the past. Let it Suilive that 1 shail and do now denounce you as @ coward, poltroon aad buse scoundrel. If this is not Sufficient to induce you to give me the satisfuouon every gentieman at all times has a right to ask of another inform me and [ will freely give it you, Respectfuily, LL 2. of . MOP EFIELD, Ark., August 20, 1370. Major E. T. Free an:— Sik—Your note of the 19th instant has been re- ceived, lam uuconsctous of having done you any wrong or of having given you uny cause jor this most extraordinary communication; bat the per- emptory terms of your note debar me from, any re- vly otter than the acceptance of the mecting you desire, My friend Mr. Scales is authorized to represent tae, and will arrange the terms of this byt, & ED, L. HAMLIN, The discrepancy in dates was a mistake of Mr. Freeman's, His pute was writien and sent on the i9th. THE CARTEL. ‘ Time of meeting—Friday, 26th sagas sunrise. Place—State ol Mississippi, at Sbanghai, on the Hernando road. Weapons—Duelling pistols, loading smooth and single, Distance— Fifteen paces. Position—Parties ‘acing. Firing—A arop or rising shot, as either princtpal may elect, holding the weapons at right angles with the line of sight. Parties w practice or not, at their option, and ail practice to cease after six o'clock P. M. this day, August 25, D. M. SCALES, (. P. WOOLDRIDGE, So much for the duel ot zoncenday Let it be hoped it will be the last of dueiligg near Mempais. STRANGE DISCOVERY ON TZE POTOMAC. Petrifactions of uw Bear and Two Ha- man Bodies Found—The Bedies Sup- pesed to be those of a Women and a Child—The Bear Foand Crouching Over Them—A Question for Paleentologists. {From the Washington (D. C.) Chronicle, August 26.) ‘The constant discovery of things which appear strauge afiord a study for those whose inclinations lead them to sift out the mysterious workings of the natural world, ‘The Cardia Giant, whose mighty re- iains Were represented as baving been dug nh the bowels of tae earth, alforded an opportanity to our geological savans to expound to the world the resuit of the diaguvsis an Bah gins 80 to speak, y erful curiosity. Bac! lay brings With it a succession Of new discoveries, and here, almost within the limits Of the District of Columbia, @ tiller of the soll lias found upon bis homestead'a curious phenomenon of nature which should engage the attention of the scientific worid. On the banks of the Potomac, near Fort Foote, lives one Wullam Durr, by occupation a farmer, and who directs the inanagement of a farm of some ‘20v acres. Upon taking possession of this property, some ime during the year 1409, Mr. Durr found sev- eral Ladian relics, such as stone lomabawks, arrow heads, &c., and subsequently has found others, in common use among ludians, which ied him to the conclusion that either an Indian setulement had at un early day been locaied near tis farm or that an Indian warfare bad been waged thereon. The eastern end of the estate is bordered by a wooded grove of fine timbered land. Through this grove Mr. Durr bad ovcasion to pass alinost daily ip the | prosecution Of lis usual work. His atention had becume some time stuce drawn to What irom ‘ail appearances resembled @ large stone, shaped almost in the form of @ mound ui a grave, Mauvy times he passed it, and seemed drawn by sole Unaccouutabie means wo give {it more than @ passing glance. Coupling the fact that he had alreaiy fouud many arucles of navu- rai curiosity upon the piace with the thought that the stone ight reveal sowethtag sul stranger, he last week made up his mind to provide Linself with the necessary looks and unfatuom the mysieries it mught reveal. Yu Tuesday he commenced opera | Lons, aud upon striking the stoue found w his: as- touts! an outer covermg of the same substance, wa jeided readily to the han- Mer, Cousisting OF & layer ol Wille sanastone, vary- jug from oue to tire: inches im thickness, Waich, aller having been rewoved, left a smootuer surface, and revealed the comparatively distinct outlines of i Lied bear, ALOU! Keven feet in iengt and feet in helgut and thickuess, Alter further h was found the distinct outlines of a femaie face and child, and over the torms which the bear Was a compicte covering, The head ut the auinial, fom tue indicauions in the petrified jorm, had been cleaved open, und rested between | the two fore paws, it lying in that postion. The hind legs were evide brukeu Of, nu further out- line of Lae “grizzly” appearing. A QUESTION FOR PHILOSOPHERS. The question to be suived by philosophers is:— Was the woiher and chud killed by the bear? or was the animal killed ana placed over the remains of the Numan beings as 4 Vigilaat Watch over the dead’ One thing 18 certain, and that is, that the bear (or Wat is supposed Lo be such) covers the entire forms of the two bodies, ‘The discovery is of such a cha- racier a3 should engage the aitention of some of our leading scientic meu, Who, no doubt, could form a conclusion and eulighien those who may have desire for move injermaiion on the mysterious su ject. The farm of Mr. Durr is accessible trom Fort Foote, being Lut two ilies therefrom, CFS i MSP [¥rom the Jackson (Mias.) Clarion, August 26.) Tue Hernando Press reports the crop prospects in that section as “very good indeed.” An Oxyka cor- respondent of the Summit Tunes says:—*The fires vaie of new cotton wus brought here to-day, 1th justant.” The Scooba Spectacor reports the genuine boll worm in that section, The Macon Beacon has seen three appies raised near thal piace, the ic of which was titeen incues tn circumference, weigh- ing twenty-one ounces. ‘The othe® two weighed about three ounces less. The Macon om “The long continued rains have been very \0- five, particularly to cotiou.”’ The Jader eays:— “The dreaded boll worm, we regret tw record, has made ite = appearance = in county,” The Fayette Chronicle reports “good The cotton crops” this year, in Jefferson county. picking has commenced in Carroll county, a band areging thirty pounds per day. A nute from By- halta, Marshal county, reports crops fine—corn very good, “but cotton going tO too much weed, nowers every day.” ihe Central Star reports “too jouch rain.’ The Senatobia Times says “worms! worms!! worms!!! have made tuelr appearance in all quarters of the county.” All of our State ex- changes are now rece.ving first nm bolis’” of cotton. The Oxford Falcon says: ie excessive | wet weather has injured the cotton crop in some sections very materialiy, and, it 18 feared, willex- tend Iiself to the crop generally. The worms have appeared in some localities aad are making saa havoc with the you! 118 and squares, Tak New ENGLAND Corron Miu) cotton mills, a8 @ whole, are rann! and producing their usual quantity of the —New England on fuil tine lanche, the only representative of the press on the ground. So ended the duel between Ed Freeman and Ed Whavever may be the feeling of the public, various kinds, These goods are ly well sold ‘up, althot present prices are not so they should be, and leave bat litle margin cota