The New York Herald Newspaper, August 25, 1870, Page 4

oh SOUTH GERMAN WHAT WILL FOLLOW THE WAR? Republic? Party Politicians Against the French Nation. A Herald Special Writer Arrested by the Prussians. OF MINISTER BANCROFT. Denmark for France Even to War. PRUSSIAN RULE Wrongs of the People and Hope from the Tri-Color. Feeling of the Prince of Wales and Grand Duke Alexander of Russia. THE FRENCH ENSIGN IN THE GREAT BELT. The British Flag Coming to the ’Fore. GREAT OR LITTLE BRITAIN? Pope Pius the Ninth and King William. Wis Holiness for Legitimacy and an Old Friend. By the French and British mail steamships at fhis port we have the following special correspon- ence from Europe in continued narrative of our Ristory of the war between France and Prussia, ‘These special letters come from Prussia, France, Denmark, South Germany, England and Rome. Our writers speak to-day of the European nation- ‘alities; of the hopes of the peoples as they are ‘Warmed to the coming light by the flame of ‘war. They foreshadow the universal republic. ‘The Danes are fast friends of the French. ‘They see the tri-color pass the Great Beit, not #3; a Bonaparte ensign, but as the stan- ard of French aemocracy. The exhibit ‘which is given of the conduct of the Pras sian rule in Schleswig accounts for the sentiment. The Prince of Wales, with the Russian Archduke Alexander, sons-in-law of the King of Denmark, ‘were, it is alleged, warm in the support of France on ‘account of the future policy towards Denmark, and the Danes, a5 a nation, waited merely the word, it | 4s said, to declare their cause to be identical with thatof the French. England was putting forth her ‘huge naval strength rapidly. The thrones of the ‘legitimists remained seats of care and anxiety. Our special writer in Rome forwards a very interesting Jetter on the subject of the war. He shows the ex- astence of a firmer friendship between Pio Nono and King Wultam of Pruseta, besides mdicating how Na- oleon has treated his Holiness lately. PRUSSIA. A Herald Special Writer Arrested—In Mili~ tary Limbo=—Notes on Fortificattons—Over Vigilaut—Minister Baucroft to the Roscue. BERLIN, August 8, 1870, My telegraphic despatches of yesterday and to-day ‘wll have informed you of the fate of your special correspondent on ibe northeastern portion of the coast of the Baltic. From a letter written by him in prison and addressed to uls Excelleacy Hon. George Bancroft here, it appears that thougl the gentleman took to his task with a good will, he did so utterly disregarding, in & country involved in war, the most ordinary rules of prudence. The commission of this naiveté, a3 recounted by himself, can be attributed ouly to his intense convivtion of honesty of purpose. ‘He will be moce on bis guard in future and manage to evade the hyper-vigtlance of Prussian spy de- tectors. Dating his letter from the barracks Crown Prince, near Konigsberg, he states to Minister Ban- croft that after arriving on the 2d inst, at the latter city, he took the train for the harbor of Pillau. He there entered the fortifications without being challenged or meeting any obstacle. “Passing Mhrough the main entrance, and unwiiling to tres- pass, I asked the firs: soldier 1 met as to the right ‘of ingress and egress, and he not only told me that it was allowed, but showed me the way to the nearest bastion, upon which I seated myself ana made a note of the names of the works in my vicinity, they being 80 conspicuously lettered aud numbered that any one could read these names at a distance, and even outside from the public road. ‘Vhese notices, with a few figures bearing no refer- ence to the fortifications of Pillau, consututed the contents of book, which [ beld in my hand, when I was suddenly accosted, rudely setzed, and placed under arrest as a spy, thrown into prison. searched, deprived of my American citwzenstip documents, any diploma of the Academy of Art in Berlin, my Masonic papers, letters, watch and money. From the Pillau prison | was transferred on Wed- mesday, without a hearing, to this stronghold, where Heaven knows how jong I may have to re- main in close confinement. T now call upon you to claim your protection and dnterference against this outrage, if my being an American by birth and purentage entities me to it. If not, I must beg of you, on the score of humanity, to use your influence for my release from an uuen- durable and unreasonable confinement. I refer you to my friends Professors * * * * *, * * *, and anxiously awaita reply at your convenience.” It is due to state as highly praiseworthy that though the above letter arrived yesteraay (Sunday), Hon. Mr. Bancroft almost instantly proceeded tn person to the Office of Foreign Affairs of Prussia, explained matters to the Under-Secretary of Stave (Herr Von Thile), was promised immediate reitef, aud Yemained until he saw with his own eyes a despatch forwarded to the Chief of the Bund Chaucellor’s de- partment, Herr Von Delbriick, ordering the “release or HAIERALD special currespondent.”? mgt Anton was marked * ciftssime,” it may be tairly presumed that during the evening of Sun- day, or early this- morning, the heavily plaved doors of the prison were swung open and jiberly restored, after a cruel confinement of six days’ duration, to an innooent knigut of the quill. What is Said of Saurbracken in Berlin—The : French in the Browertes—A Napoleonic De- monstration Against Lager—The Mitrail- Yeuse Missing its Aim. War Despatches by f Mail to August 13, RATIONAL VIEWS. Kings and Premiers or the Universal IN SCHLESWIG. ] | Teadiness. Prussian garrigon there amounted to throe companies (about 760 men) of the Fortieth regiment infantry, one Squadron lancers or uhians and two four-poundera. : Ul RO} E. ASyou have undoubtediy received the bombastic French account of a grand victory on the 2d inst. over the vast Prussian forces in St. John and Saarbrucken, tt becomes necessary on the ground of audiatur et atiera pars to give a resumé of the real engagement on thai day. Barly in the forenoon, when an 4j proach of several French regiments was announced, here were but two companies of the Fortievh regt- ment—Nos, 6 and 6—to oppose them, as the other two had been detached, the one to Brebach, several mules distant, and the otver to the railway stat.on. ‘fhe few in number hurried, nevertheless, to tue hills which line the left bank of the Saar, and, by their well directed fire, kept the enemy at bay for two hours, They then ret slowly and del!ber- ately, firing all the time, across the ere towards noon some thirty of the men had selecced suitable positions, from which they kept up a deadly fire, while others still held on to au elevated, open spot, called the “Drilling Ground.,' it was three o'clock P. M. when the last Prussia | retired to the wooded hills on the other side of th river, ‘Their logs in the town was fiiteen dead, forty wounded and several prisoners. The third company of the regiment, which crossed at the railroad br! bad but { lows. The fourth com; at Br bach aid not participate in the uction. ‘The lors of the enemy was forty-five dead, eiguty wounded, and ho, too, lost some taken prisoners. At four o’clock the Freach made their entrance into Saarbrucken. . Extremely uungry and fatigued, they all demanded food, which a few were willing to pay for, while the others considered it booty. ‘The cellars of breweries were entered vy force, and tbe drunken meu, with loaves of pread on their Chassepot bayonets, de- stroyed many thousand gallons of lager smash- ing the kegs. Towards evening aud next day many were so intoxicated that they had to be driven to their camp on the hills by the officers, who made frequent ure of a rope’s end. On the 4th, in the atternoon, Generai Frossard and suite appeared, and the General, hearing from the Burgomaster that many of his men had committea depredations, promised severe punishment of the offenders. He was quite astonished at the repeated assurance Of the Burgomaster that two compsnies only had defended the town. “Braye soldiers,” he suid, ‘and we have been altogether mistaken as to our Opponents’ sirength.’’ This may be regarded as an unvarnished state- ment of what Gccurred on the 2d instant at S. brucken, and every one may judge for nimseif woe or not it was a “glorious” victory of ‘ue french, As tothe mysterious mitratlleuse, it was set in Operation xgainst the company ut the railway sta- tion without Ditting a single man, Major Y. bloom- berg, the commander, ordered them to form tn line aud lo salute the miraculous mitrallieuse with wiree ray to King William, which was doue with agood wi IN FRANCE. The Change of Cabinet in “faco of the Enemy”—Count Patikao—Past Services aud Present Position—Eventa Evoiving with Wonderfal Rapidity—Bazaine und Le- beut—Party Politics Agatnst the Natiou— “Couquer or Die.’ Paris, August 10, 1870. rn Tee eee ys Se we ee NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, AUG French heart ts swelling Lyre ardor, it was not thought ‘iat some Santa Hiticians would seek occasion to indulge in coarse reoriminations against the men who are held responsible for the situation. Af the potty band of irreconctlabies had known how to turn the occasion to profit they might have ac- quired an influence out of doors ‘that migat have served them hereafter. If they had risen with a severe gravity, and said that for the moment they would suppress their first indignation at the dts. Honor brought on France, in the patriotic hope that by a periect unity of all their forces they could redeem and save the future, would have preserved their digniiy and inoreased their weight in the country. But the | and demeanor of such men as Jules Favre, Jules on, and K. Arago on this solemn occasion bas tinged all cheeks with shame. ‘The press of last, night and to-day has unitealy denounced these miserable an- tics in terms of unmitigated severity. The Gaulois Says this morning:—‘'it is not surprise, nor anger, nor indignation, the odious conduct of these men awakened, but simply disgust, downright nausea.’ ‘This is the tone Oi all classes, and these gentlemen, if I may be excused applying to them 60 lofty an epithet, have received a that will sober and awaken them. A singular effect of their attempt to create @ revolutionary agitation was that last night the strects of Paris Were more tranquil and silent than ou any ace the opening of this bloody drama. Every! seems shocked and sorrowful at such @ display of puerile, if uot oriminal, veaavior at such a terrific ¢. isis. MUST CONQUER, From ail over France tue cry of revenge és heard, and tne nation 18 clearly preparing for a death struggle. The giddiness and guyety of the French have all disappeared, The thought of becoming the laughing stock of Hurope stings them to the quick, and you may expect some prodigious efforts Ww recover their damaged laureis aud to reinstate themseives in thelr own esteem. Such ta the feroe ardor to drive the enemy back that ali chance of intesiine feuds are out of the question, Hereaiter Wil be the time ior recrimimation—perhaps seme- thing Worse. IN ROME. Position of the Ponti! Towards the People and the Lay Monarchs—Army Observ: 2 on the Frontier of the Stutew—Why the Church =ympathizes with PrussiamAgaiost Bonapartiow and tor Legitinacy—A Former Compliment from Kiog William—The Sword of St. Peter Intalilble and Tranguil. Romk, August 8, 1870, According to general opinion the eveatiul reiga of Pius IX, is entering a new phase, and already his partisans are divided in opinion as to the best course for him to foliow in case the withdrawal of the French corps of occupation should leaye the road open for @ fresh Garibaldian invasion. Some ure for an immediate abandonment of his domin- ions on the part of the Pontif, to seek a secure asy- lum on the send gf Malta, and It 14 even axspried that this vlan has been 60 far contemplated as to cause a consultation of dociors to decide whether the Pope's health would allow of such @ voyage. ‘The medical verdict 1s contrary to the scheme. An- other plan is to contest every Inch Of ground to the advancing revolutiouists and die gloriously amid the ruins of Rome—a plan which has but few parti- Tt was necessary Uhat a prompt expiation should follow the terrtble disgrace fallen on the French arms. The Ministry that led the nation so gayly into this formidable war had paid the forfeit of last week’s humiliations by being ejected ignominiously from power. A unanimous voie of the Chamber yesterday expelled them from their places, and a soldier of high character and great prestige, General Montauban, the Count de Palikao, has been called onto replace them with men more competent to confront the perils that menacethe country. He dis- tinguished himself in the expedition to China a few years since, and has acquired experteuce in numer- ous sanguinary campaigns. Aman of energy, ca- pacity and military skill, he1s adapted to the epoch, and his advent to power is hailed with universal satisfaction, Ollivier was@ man of admitted talent, but 18 notoriously unfitted for the tremendous exi- gencles which his poticy has evoked. Itis not a graceful speaker that is required now, but a soldier of stern resolve and determined hand. The fecling of France is unanimous, and the cry is “Down with the babblers and their politics! Give us men of ac- tion, with swords lm thelr hands aud knowedge to use them.” ‘The rapidity of events is bewildering. It was but ten days since that Marshal Leboeuf, Minister of War, left Paris to take the real command of tue army; for the Emperor 1s chiefly there with a view to superto- tend and advise, rather than necessarily to direct. It was upon Leboeuf devolved the whule responsibility of organizing the war. Less than @ month since, when this dreadful struggle might possibly have been avoided, the Duke de Grammont, Minister of Foreign Affairs, demanded of the flery Marshal “Are we prepared for the confict’’’ “Yes,” he re- plied, “prepared at every point.’ It is now asserted that he was gallty of gross exaggeration; that much ts not done that should have been in perfect Besides the disposition of the different corps onthe frontier in the presence of an enemy ‘Whose troops were known to be gathered in formida- ble masses, he proves utterly wanting in that stra- tegic science which alone constitutes a great general. The outery against Leboeul, the archetype of a week ago, is deafening. He retires bankrupt in fame and hope. His criminality is regarded as s0 hetnous that rumors are fying about of his being already shut up in Vincennes. The old republic consigned to the guillotine the general who lost a campaign. The France of to-day 13 a8 inexorable, but less cruci. Lebauf is doomed, though not executed. ‘The command of the army has now fallen on Bazatine, and nope of victory revives in every French breast. Strange that Lebwuf had a mortal enmity of Bazaiue, although he had a secret, dread presenti- ment that this great soldier was destined to strip him of place and power. The name of Bazaine is, of course, familiar to American ears, for it was his evil fortune to command the ill-fated expedition to Mexico. He considered his r0/e then as a most un- fortunate one, and rejoiced when the mandate came to return to France. His position now is one that will put all nis talent and resources tothe test. He has skilful generals before him and an enraged people be- hind him, Oonquer he must, or contempt awaits nim, It was impossible to select a better man for the emergency. He is a marshal of France after the patiern of the first empire, for he has mounted up to hus bigt position from the very ranks. He was & student in early youtit of the famous Ecole Polytech- nique of Paris; but, instead of entering the army as a commissioned officer, he chose to begin as a simple soldier. His first campaign was in Africa, in 1831, and he received at once distinction and ‘was promoted to the grade of corporal. Four years later he became lieutenant. He 1s decorated ‘with the Legion of Honor, Irom love of active ser- vice he volunteered in the Foreign Legion, fighting in Spain against the Carhsis, where he added tunmensely to his experience as well as to his reputation, Ho returned agai to the French army and rose to higher rank. In the Crimean war no became general of division, and soon a(ter his return from Mexico he was rewarded with the baton of marshal. He Js not only remarkabie for intelligence, but great admiols- wative ability, and eujoys immeuse popularivy among the soldiers of ail arms. ‘vne French acmy will follow this leader to the last ditch, and surely he 1s just the man to carry them here. We may look jor some terrible deeds of blood when the campaign 18 reopened alter the ominous fuil that has intervened, ‘the Hmperor has shown a8 much sagacity in selecting Bazaine for tho culef command as he displayed promputide in throwing aside Lebceul, who wus stained by defeat. 1c is certain that no one in all France has sutfered #0 poignantly frum the reverses that have befallen the army a8 the man who but a month sigce Was at Uhe apogee of his carcer. Still, it must be a consola- tion w hear that in the midst of her present hamuita- tion not a hand 1s upiified nor a cruel wore uttered against bim by the people of France. POLITICAL TRICKERY AGAINST THE PEOPLE. There are political parties here eager for his downfall. The Orleanisis rejoice ac the bare chance of his dnal overthrow tn the field, while tne repubd- ican leaders palpitate with the hope of occupying the palaces their predecessors revelied in so gorgevusly in the saturnalia of 1848. Still they do not venture tw give expression to thelr burning aspirations; for the masses do not hold Napoleon as soiely re- sponsible for the war, wile they feel no one ls more competent to aid, with ail the resources of a mas- ler mind, in its successful prosecution, He is, say the last advices trom the fieid, calm and imperturb- able a8 in his chair at home, and when within the last two days it was strongly urged on him to give up the fatigue and anxtety of the camp and returo to Paris, ‘‘Yes,”’ he auswered, with com- posure, 1 will return dead or victorious,” ‘This is, no doubt, his fixed resolution; lor final defeat 13 to him worse than death; 1 19 disgrace and ruin. DEVOTION OF THE TROOPS. The Empress has displayed great heroism and brillant capacity during the severe trials o1 the last few days. Ministers, generals and deputies have in turn, singly aod in groups, discussed the gravity of the situation with this plished woman, and have all left her presence with heightened respect and deepened devotion, ‘The mere Empress, “the giass of fashion and the sans; aud thirdiy, it is proposed to accept, pro tem- pore, whatever position may be presented to the Church by ube protecting Power tuat is to succeed France, ITALIAN OBSERVATION. ‘Three Italtan corps of observation are already estab" lished on the Pontifical frontiers, One along the Chiarone, on the Tuscan boundary, under General Pianelil; asecond, under General Cadarna, in the Provinces of Umbria and Sabina; and a third on tne Neapolitan frontier, under General Pettinengo, thus closely circumscribing tne States of the Church, ‘Tue obligations entered into by the Italian govern- ment are doubtless those of preventing any attack upon the Pontifical territory from the Itslian side of the frontier; but it ts af™irmed that in addition to what was specified in the now revived convenuon of the 15th November, 1864, there is now a friendly understanding between the governments of Victor Emanuel and Napoleon Ifl, thatin caso of revolu- tionary disturbances breaking out in the interior of the Pope’s dominions which the Papal army shal not be able to subdue the Italian troops will be free to enter to restore order, and once within the coveted territory doubtless they will not be in a great hurry to withdraw, THR SYMPATHY FOR Prussia. ‘This 1s why the court party at Rome wish success tothe arms of Prussia, hoping therefrom a down- fall of the Napoleonic dynasty and a restoration of the Bourbon line either through the Count of Chambord or the sons of Louis Philippe, The liberals are so tirea of continued French coercion that they also would be glad to sce the conquerors of Mentana conquered in their turn. The Prussian Minister, Baron d’Ar- nim, left Rome in a hurry a few days ago for Berlin, where he was summoned by his government, ana the clericals argue well from the fact, presuming ‘that he will come back with Instructions favorable tothe Pepe, who was complimentea by King Wil- liam, before any other sovereign, on his military achievements at the battle of Mentana. ANTONELLI AND THE FRENCH MINISTER. The unnouncement of the intended withdrawal of the French troops was only communicated to Cardi- nal Antonelli by the Marquis of Bannevilie on the 27th ult., and the measure must have been suddenly resolved on; for up to the preceding day the French soidiers in garrison at Civita Vecctia were engaged 1a the Consiruction of a fort at the Corneto Gate and in the storing of ammunition recently received from Toulon. On the 28th half the Sixth battalion of Chasseurs a Pied had embarked for Marsetiles and the remain- ing companies followed on the 3ist, Although the soldiers had marched from Viterbo, and the weather was learfully hot, they were boisterously glad to get away, and rushed down to the port singing the “Marselllaise’’ and satirical songs against Bismarck, with an occasional hurrah for the Romans and cries of “Death to the priests 1 Cardinal Antouelli, who doubtless knew what was In the wind, received the Ambassador's information coolly, stating that heshould communicate it tortb- with to the Pope and the Minister of War. Pius LX. could not help wishing confusion to France ina plous sort of way, aliuding to the defeat of the Aus- trians at Solferino soon after they had abandoned the Papal province of Romanza, and hoping that no such disaster would attend the Frenci arms alier thelr abandonment of Civita Vecchia and Viterbo, Now that the Pope 1s infallibie, tis speech may be looked on as a prediction. WAR COUNCIL. General Kuntzler called a council of war on the 29th, and requested the opinion of all the Pontifical generals aud commandants as to the period of time Which would be required for tie Papal army to be ready to replace the French garrisons, in reply to a question from the French Ambassador to that effect. 1 hear that fifteen days were deemed necessary ior the requisite preparations, but I should hardly think that events on the Ruine will allow the French to walt so long. It was also resolved by the council to organize without delay a system of recruiting for the Papal army in those countries not yet arawn into the vortex of war or armed neutrality, such as Catholic Iretand and North and South America. Just now two hundred Canadians are fortunately on their way to Kome and one hundred others, whose time of service has expired, have consented to renew their engagement. General Kuntz- ler finds it hard work to reconcile the recentiy awakened natioual antipathies of the various Gevmanio and French component parts of the brigade of zouaves; and it 1s realiy duiti- cult for occupants of the same barracks, and per- haps the same dormitories, to be singing the “Mar- selllaise” on one side and the natfonal hymn of Ger- many on the other without having recourse first to sarcasm and ihen tosabres, CAUTIOUS AND RETICENT. General Dumont went to pay his respects to the Pope and Cardinal Antonelli on Saturday. His Holiness was very polite to the General, but never mentioned a word avout the war or the withdrawal of the French troops, and did not offer ols blessing, a8 usual,to the Emperor or the imperial family. Cardinal Antonelli was equaily ceremontous, 60 that the veteran general, whose time of active ser- vice will have expired in four months, was glad to get Out of the Vatican and retarn to Civita Vecchia to superintend the embarkation of iis troops. The town of Viterbo was entirely evacuated by the French on the sd inst.: but it is not exactly sei- tled when the entire force will embark at Civita Vecchia, although six vessels were ‘expected there yesterday. NATIVE SWORDS AND NATIVE RANKS. The town and province of Viterbo are now garri- soned by the First Roman regiment of the line, un- der Colonel Azzanesi, who also commands four com- panies of zouaves, one battery of artillery and one squadron of dragoons. The Antibes legion, or what remains of it after the numerous departure of ofti- cers and soldiers, will be sent to Civita Vecchia, but the chief concentration of troops will be in the cap- ital, and the southern provinces, especially, will re- main defenceless. AN OLD MAN AND OLD STORY, Of course new Garibaldian invasions are already taiked of, and the enlistment of volunteers is said to be actually going on in many Itatian cities for the purpose of avenging the delewt of Mentana, but should any sucht movement take place it must origt- nate ln we Bo} rovinces, and would only be & stepping stone for the Itatian troops to enter, Should the tri-colored flag wave over any portion of his territory Pius 1X. has declared his intention of jostantly leaving his dominions, and the offer of Malta, made seven or elgut years ago to his Holness by Mr. Odo Russell, will be doubtless remembered, should such an emergeucy occur, mould of form,” has disappeared, under the pres- sure of great calamities, and the vioman of strong intellect and bold heart has reveaied nerself. She proves herself worthy the mission devolving on her, BERLIN, August 9, 1870. aud Paris contemplates her with an admiration that rises to enthusiasm at any moment. The Chambers opened yesterday to hurry through some laws to meet the emergency. Ata moment like this, when every mind is briumiul of fs apd every trug BRITAIN MAY SHOW THE “UNION JACK." The Unita Catiolca asserts that English vessels will replace the French ships-of-war that have bith- erto been stationed in the port of Civita Vecchia, His Holiness is not apparently much aflicted at the coming storm. Strong in his iafailibility, he shows himself 1 public with a serene Sip end gu Tuesday morning he drove to the Comyeat SNS AA MNT Ul des as the “Pardon of - ore ine 18 perfectly quict, and the people are ex- pec! mt the course of eveats with hope, but with dis of the coustantly returning French troops who have so frequently extinguished the national Movements of [ly, The oficial Journal of Rome and the officious Osservatore Romano make no com- ment whatever on the recall of the French troops, nd one would suppose trom their silence that it was au event not inieresting in the slightest degree, either to the Pontifical governioent or the people. ‘The son of the Ambassador, M. mde Banneville, has been summoned home to serve in the Garde Mobile, and many other meibers of the French colony have been obliged to returo for the same duty. A DUAL SORT OF PRRSON. A curtous division of patriotic sentiment has fallen to the lot of M. de Talleyrand Pé: a - man by birth, but military attaché to the Prussian legation here, Between his natal and adopted country he has selected the latter and gone to ier- lia as a lieutenant im the Prussian army. IN SOUTH GERMANY. Ro ti str Wer Feeling in Baden—Special Investigation of the Tone ef the People—Englivh Cour- tesy te the Herald Special Writer—An Im- portant Iaterview and Its Result—The Southerns Unanimously With Prussia~Re- Porte from Theatre of War—Hew the Maile Are Made Up~Street Scones Attor the Battle of Woerth—What Wiil Follow the War, Kings er tho General Republic ¢ CARLSRUHE, August 10, 1870. It is not pleasant to have, as I had yesterday, to come @ hundred miles out of one's way in order to find a telegraph oMce that works and a post office that can despatch letters. Still out of evil may come good, and I am not sorry that 1 was obliged to come to Oarlsrune; for since I crossed the French frontier my eyes have been opened to the state of public feeling in Southern Germany, which ts very different from what the French papers afiri and what the French people believe it to be. Not wishing to trust entirely tomy own opinion on this subject, I called to-day upon Mr. Montague Bailley, the very obliging Cnarg’ d'A‘fatres for the British government at the court of the Grand Duke of Baden. Mr. Bailley was highly interested witn my account of the great battle at Woerth, and in re- turn told me iis opinion of tho state of affairs on this | side of the Rhine, which entirely agrees with what 1 had already seep a d heard. Mr, Bailley has been six years in his present position in Carisruhe, aud ts mach respected here by ali classes, He has, more- over, & Most thorough kuowledge of German. Af be sald so J feel quite convinced, that in South. ern Gerniany the teeling of the whole people is quite as national as itis in Berlin. From the Grand Duke downward the heart ana soul of te whole popula- tion is anti-Freuch, and there ¢xists tn the heart of every man, woman and child a determination to fight out the qnarrel ana bring matters to such an end that there will be no more war on Germany forthe next fifty years. The feeling is even more unanimous than what exists in France, although per- haps less noisy. But it is deep, determined and ear- nest. Nothing elve is talked ol, And among all de- grees of men we hear of nothing but people offering themselves as volunteers to join the army in some capacity or other, no matter what, I have just nad, also, along conversation with Mr, Muller, head of the well known banking house here and at Baden. He tells me that his only son is a volunteer with the cavalry of this duchy, and is now with the army in- vesting Strasbourg. He did not regret it, although he deplored the war, which, he says, all Germany looks on as the act, not of the French nation, but of their ruler; and be said, in his quiet, calm way, much in the same manner that he would direct his cashier to pay a letter of credit, that he would deem at his duty to Germany if he had ten sons to send them all to the’ front and fight for the deliverancé of Germany from the threat that has been held over her so long, of being forced into war whenever her enemy was stronger than she is. But this is not all. Words are one thing, acting upon words another. As a general rule nations, like men, talk louder than they reatly intend. But it is ditferent in the present in- stance with the Germans. ‘They hit harder, or pre- pare to hit harder, than they talk loud. Their pre- parations—I am talking now only of Southern Ger- many—seem really to be without end. NATIONAL “TURN OUT” FOR PRUSSIA. Since the battle of Woerth took place, on Satar- day, the 6th, the reinforcements of Baden truops, Bavarian troops, Wittenberg troops, and, of course, of Prasstan troops, have never ceased tor one single half hour aiong this road from various parts, Aa I mentioned In my last letter, the troops, and guns, and cavairy, and ambulances for the wounded, and provision and stores commenced on Saturday last direculy the battle was over and have never ceased from that moment to this passing on to the front, All these preparations are from Southern Ger- many, and have nothing to. do with all that is pouring into }rance from Prussia by two different routes, thatof Lauterbourg and that of Landau. Of course, the greater part of this con- sists of military tralus, carrying to the front all kinds of stores, food, ammunition and supplies. But there were also numerous long trains ot coun- try carts, driven by peasants from the remotest parts of Germany, even so far as from Polish Prus- sia, dressed in costumes never yet seen in theseparts, and speaking tongues unknown even to Gerinans, Jn @ word, it seems as if a whole people were mak- ing an exodus {rom thelr own country, and bad de- termined upon taking possession of another land which is not their own, even as the Israelites did of old when they came into their inheritance. have seen to-day a very simple calculation, in which the number of troops, of camp foliowers and of couotry carts belonging 10 the different Prussian armies is added up, and it proves in ready figures that since the 8d stant, exactly one week ago, close upon 800,000 Germans of all sorts have passed the fron- uer and entered the territory of France. QUICK WORK AND USEFUL, Who would have prophesied this a month, a fort- night, nay, even a week ago? I for one should have Set any person down as a maniac who had done so. It 1s just @ week this very day since the news of the first affair at Sarrebour,—the tight at which the Emperor was present—was brought to Strasbourg. 1 was taking my after breakfast colfee and cigar in the café de Broglie, at the next table to General Coulson, chief of the staf of MacMalion’s division, He told me the news, and I congratulated him upon ‘whe French army gaining the first victory. He Jaughed and said, ‘Ce n'est rien, mon cher,” Nous allons les chasser de France et les suivre 4 Berlin.’ (“It is nothing, my dear fellow. We will drive them out of France and follow them up to Berlin.’) The victory he looked upon as & mere nothing—a matter of course; but he was, as every other Frenchman Was, most indignant that the Prussians should have dared to set foot upon French soil. Who would have said that in three clear days from that tume the army corps of MacMahon would have been twice defeated, in full retreat upon Metz, and the gallant Geveral Coulson hunself—for that he, luke all his countrymen, 18 brave almost to a fault there can be no doubt—would have been left dead on the heights avove Woerth? REPORTS FROM STRASBOURG. Strasbourg ts reported to be still holding out; but no certain news can be got here, either lor love or money. My present difficulty is how to get down to be present at the siege, and J see no betier way than by going from to Basle, and then through France by Muthouse to the outsice of the town in which J was detained a fortnight before the war commenced. If the railway between this and Khel, which is oppo- site Strasbourg, had not been destroyed, three hours would take me to my destination. But as it is I shall have to run down to Frederikshavn, cross the Lake of Constance, and enter France that way. In fae! 1s my one only choice, for in these times the t ler, and least of all the spectal correspon- dent, 18 most certainly not a free agent. He may ropes, but the police and the military authorities jispose—dispose of him as they do of everything else. HOW THE MAILS ARE MADE UP. BY A FEMALE. Ihave just learned that my letter of Friday, the 5th, and Saturday, (he 6th, giving an account of the alTair at Wissembourg on the 4(b, is now In the post oiice at Woerth, where the postmisiress, not con- vincea yet under which flag she must serve, has packed up all the letters confided to her trust that day and bas hidden the box ina house tn her gar- den. The story is an old one now, but itis very provokiug to havea link of my correspondence— and & very unportant link, too—thus lost. AFTER THE BATPLE OF WOERTH—STREET FIGHTING. After the fight at Woerth was nearly over there took place in the streets of this village a good deal of hand to.hand fighting between the French, who could not regain their own column, and the Prus- sians, Who had got possession of the bridge. Dur- ing these petty conflicts I was struck on the knee by @ speat ball, which did not harm me at all at the time, bat which has since caused me some little an- noyance. This is an additional reason why lam not sorry to make a day’s halt here before going on to the siege of Strasbourg, or, what I fear wiil more likely be the case, to tne revolution in France, DETHRONE NAPOLBON—WHAT PRUSSIA WANTS. From what the Prussian and other German officers say, as Well as the Civillans, there is no doubt but that if Germany 18 victorious she will insist upon Napoleon vacating the throne of Frauce. A gentle- Man on the permanent staff of the Crown Prince of Prussia sat next me the night before last at supper at Wissembourg, when | was flying along the fron- Uer to discover a telegraph and a post ofice. He told me that Prussia would not take Alsace, for although the popuiation is German-speaking they hate the Germans. ‘Bat’’—and tis he repeated most emphatically—‘‘the Prussian army will never retire from France until she has placed the Count de Paria graudson of Louts Putippe, on tie throne, aad 25, 1870.—TRIPLE but find oat is perfectly true—that the Count de P @nd has been unul the war broke out, oo th tier, ready to come upon the scene whenever for. Further, I leara—and the fact ts not significance—that even since the battle of ¥ conidential agent of Bismarck’s has been [2 where the Count is, and had a long intervigs bun. Well, it will, after all, be but a change of in Europe if Germany is victorious. The d very distant wuen Palmerston dictated to ¥ Powers of Europe. He was succeeded in tl by Napoleon I1., and Bismarck will now suj latter, Andtheut Are we all Ww form Gime grand confederacy? \ WHAT IS TO FOLLOW f—A BRUROPRAN josiic? Is @ general republic of Europe to be ffhe upshot of all this? Where ave we ali going? 1 ¥wish some- body could tell me where 1 am going. |/Four days ago I was following a French army, wifich every: body Would have but to com@& and to see in order to conquer, aid come, has but has lost the fig! 10 fy 80 fast rent to-day to British nares @utafires here, Mr. Ballley, he asked me where { was go L replied that f would give any person someting handsome in kreutzers if they would tell me wfiere I could go, or rather how 1 could get to Strasboyiirg. ¥INANOR, Mr. Muller, the banker here, who /is now the head of his banking firm in Baden, has/ asked mous a favor to Contradict the report that Ive ever refused, even durin: this greatest crisis off the war, to pay ney tO ALYMerson Who came to fim properly ac- credited, been again and w#yain repeated in some of the Enguash papers, He s@ya taat he wishes it to be kuown in America and Kogiand, that tue day after the war was proclaimed, he dhssisted more than 200 American, English, French, Ktaiian and other families to escape from Baden, Whut te really did do Was not to puy away any very Barge sums to any particular person, for he knew thst for some days ie would receive 10 money from Mrankrort, and that with France ke would have no cognmunication wuat- ever. Thus, when @ person {with a credit of suy 10,000 francs applicd to Ihim for that sum, he refused to advance + all, but in- variably gave what would clear the individual at Baden of ali hotel bills and gther labiliues, and gave them enough to take theng in perfect comfort Ww Switzerland or Belgium. And in more than one instance ne assisted to go away |familiea and indivi- duals that had no letter of credgt upon him, sunply trasting to their lonor to refuagi the mouey as soon a8 possible, BOOMING OF GUNS FROM #TRASHOURG, Up to the thme of posting tis fetter no news what- ever has been received [rom Stifasbourg. But heavy guns have been heard ali day if) that aivection, And yet 1 can hardly velieve that general would be so mad as to hold out with /7,000 men against an army of 66,000, which is th® smallest number of troops that are investing tijat place. it is pro- Visloned for six months, but Fiat could be done ina garrison town that has 60,000 #niiabitaats, and would take at the very least 20,000 trpsined troops to defend. IN DENVIARK. French Defeat Repai in Copentagen— Surprise and Disappoiptment—firm in the Faith of Napoleon’s Ulfimate Triamph—Cir- culating the War Neows—Pabdile Comment Waiting for Grand /Events in the Field— Prussian Rule in Sélleswig—Army Lutele- rance and National /Depletion. UsPENHAGEN, August 8, 1870. The tidings of the dfefeat of the French at Woerth and Saarbricken wnigh reached us in the course of yesterday have had a jvery depressing erect. True it is that the hope of/ the ultimate success of the French arms 18 not; less sanguine; that the beliet 1n the superiority of/ the French soldier to the Prus- sian 18 not leas + neither is @ doubt entertained ts no! ue other hat office eed the of the military and appliances of the French army being equal tp those of the Prussians; but tt cannot be denied tht faith in the transcendent abil- ity of the French officers, more especiuliy in that of French generals, is\shaken. ) WonpER. It is incomprehepsibie, as yet, how General Douay’s division aj Wissembourg could be left to contend alone t an entire army without retn- forcements from the main army under MacManon, and the ensuing de! that appears to have been complete has obscured the nimbus that to Danish eyes has enhaloed Marshal MacMahon’g name, NEWS FROM HE FRONT—PUBLIC COMMENT. As tidings from the seat of war arrive here they are made known to the publio, partly trough hand- bills that are cirvulated by the oiices of the dally papers, and parily by printed announcements that are posted in tht principal thoroughfares of the city. Around'these pusted announcements crowds were yesterday assenjbled; the nearest reading aloud for the information of the rest the news so replete with sorrow toa ish ear, while the deep stillness and the sad looks with which those tidings were received showed that al} in the adverse fortune of France saw that of Denmark. The leading Danish journal, Dagbtadet, to-day gives utterances to the public feeling when it says:— For us Dane It 1s as if this blow ad fallen on our- selves. So hesrtfelt is our sympathy with France, so intimately 14 our future fate, our salvation or our destruction cophected with the lasue of this war, that we feel the cavse to be our own. Our hearts throb with hope and foar as though it were Dannebrog (the Danish fag) that waved in the battle tn- ‘stead of the tricolor and the eagles. It cannot but be so, and it 15 for us as though this feeling grew stronger and deeper still with the growing danger. And let us not be disheartened because the heavens are dark witirlowering clouds, because the lightning flashes und the thunder rolls around us, Let us hold fast by and faith and by our confidence in the arms nee, believing that there isa bis toriea} jdstice which, set aside, will turn the balance and with avenging retribution come home to that State whose power and greatuess are founded on fraud, built up by violence and fenced arouud with unscrupulous machination. NEUTRAL OR ACTIVE? If Prussia should continue to be victorions, and, above all, if it should gain the general action that will soon be delivered, it will exert a decisive in- fluence on the policy of the neutral States, and most especially on thatof Denmark. This country’s par- ticipation in the war must be made absolutely de- pendent on the condition that a large body of French troops, with ali the appliances of making a landing, be sent to the Baltic. Of itself, with its own small force, Denmark will be unable to effect anytuing against so powerful an enemy as Prussia; and If she were to attempt to make war on her own account it would expose ber littie army to speedy annihilation and incur the risk of the enemy occupying the whole peninsula, as in 1564, and levying exorbitant requi- sitions on the inhabitants of Jutland, But as things now stand it appears provable that France will need all her forces to carry on the war on her own territory, and in case of the troops designed for the Baltic not being already embarked, there will most likely, for the Orst, be no question of employing the 120 vessels of Which the Fiench transport feet 1a said to consist. In that cage the neatrality of Denmark will hardly be broken, and the military measures wiuch the government has hitherto adopted in order to be ready to meet contingencies will only enable Den- mark with more equanimity to await the further progress of the war. WAITING THB SIGNAL—SAD PICTURE OF PRUSSIAN RULE. One general ei ment victorious for France, and al} ins will be iastantly changed, and tere may still be use for the billets which, it is said, have in ‘these days been printed nere’ in Danish and French for @ French army of invasion. As soon a8 the apprehension of the landing of such an army in the north of Germany dispelled the Present stringent dominion of the Prussiaus in Schleswig will probably become more lenient. Schleswig and Holstein are, as Hanover and Mecklen- burg, consigned to the vicegerency of the Prussian General Vogelvon Falkenstein, whose unscru- puious bearing in Jutland in 1864 and in Frank- fort in 1866 has made him disluked allover. Nor has he retrieved bis repute in the eyes of the inhabi- tants of the dustricis now committed to his sway. One alter another ihe most respected inhabitants of Schleswig are arrested on the most frivolous pretexts and dragyed to Hanoverian prisons—among others the brave representative of North Schleswig in the North Germanic Diet, Hans Krager. All the Danisp journals published in Schieswig have been seized and their printing Offices shut up, No one can be sure when he goes to rest at night that he may not be arrested by soldiers aud armed police on the de- nouncement of some loose character or private eneiny, and carried off to join fellow sufferers in prisons 1a the South. Heavy requisitions of all kinds of Provisions are levied on the Inhabitants both of town and country; thus to supply to fortifications on Als 1,600 head of fat oxen, besides flocks of sheep and fat calves, with hay and straw 1m proportion, are levied on the nearest rurai district. Nor is 1t enough that the inhabitants are bereft of the pro- duce of their farms and their live stock, but their very implements of agriculture are taken from them to serve to detead the approaches t the tortifled works or to construct the works themselves. Levies of men are made to labor at fortifying the Prussian position, and one litte village on Als has received from the Governor an oruer to supply five catile herds, From the northwest of Germany troops of dirty, drunken, half-famisned ragamuMus have been HN i and are quartered on the quiet rural inbab- van! ‘TRe inhabitants are also pressed into the service of guarding tue coast on the Baltic side. Kvery vil- lage has to furnish ® certain number of men as a guard, and mounted estafets to carry the news o1 the approach of the enemy, while heacons are ready on every height to blaze forth the tidings of the liostile tanding. These things welgh heavily on the people, and seem, at any rate in the north of Schleswig, rather buperfiuoas; for skould a Lrenok Meet arrive and armen ree do utmost to taouseers ba. w thelr progress, o PRUSSIAN GENERALS REMEMBERED, of the Prussian ge: whose 4 now nolsed about, are Known in the war of 1864, which, in spive of ita Limited extent, was tho precursor of all the coming events and a school of exercise for the Prussian army. Thus, General Fraugols, who fell at Saarbruck on the 6th of August, Was in 1864 im Jutland ag colonel of @ Prassia. scour, wharetor he was “ arlored, ‘Stelsaecs ued A wartered, Goeben ure also names fami liar here, LOR ADVANCING. arrived, and only one Pency aeise cance Set . screw r In Copenbamen roadstead, — be cabal THE KING'S SOYS8-IN-LAW—BOTH AGAINST PRU! e Russian steam yacht Olof, with the fmtedend Grand Duke Alexander on board, arrived at Kisinore yesterday, He has come to take home his consort, the Danish King’s second daughter, Grand Duchess Dagmar Marta, who has been for some time on @ visit to her parents here, Even as the Prince of Wales is, the Grand Duke of Russia 1s antl-Prussian. alliance with Danii Princeases have taught these, princes how great Wrongs Germany has inficted on Denmark. Grand Duke 1s, therefore, very popular here, and tt is reported how deeply he at times has been affected on Witnessing an audience of dequienions of Norte Schleswig to the Danish King and hearing them re- late the oppression under which they writhed. He encore Damsh aimost perfectly and speaks ib a littie, Both Combatants Airald of Danish People—National Wrongs and National Avengemest=The “Ca Day”—Historie cal Review of tho Situntion—1848—Freach Policy Since—Intvrests of the Danes with France—Whut Napoleon May Gain by Teoir Frieadsbip—Military and Naval Prepara- tion—The Freuch Flag Passing the Great Belt—A Prassian L[ron-Ulad Slips Off te Sea. COPENHAGEN, August 6, 1870, } In their view of the rise and progress of the war all tbe French journa's are unanimous in assigning’. i” to Denmark an active part in the great drama asthe \ ally of France; and the German press, which on every other possible and impossible subject 1s al- ways sure to be diametrically opposed to ita French coileagaes, agrees with them now in this, Denmark as, indeed, as 80 many other States have done, proclaimed its intention of being neutral; but on both sides the Rhine that neutrality is regarded as ouly provisional, while it is belloved that Denmark awatts onty a word irom France to artse and side with her agatnst their common toe, This coincidence ef opinion between two bilter enemies—so rare in our day—owes its origin to the vivid consciousocas which botn friend and foe entertain of the deep, dark wrong Denmark has suffered, and Denmark has to aveuge; well aware that every cherished hope of re- dress iives in the prospect of France's viotory—vnat the unmasked certainty of utter destraction awalte her with France’s deteat, THE SITUATION FROM HISTORY. Denmark’y position with regard to Germany was deciaed by events that do not date very far back. When, in 1848, @ rebellion broke out against Dea- mark ta the Duchies of Holstein and Schleswig, tne rebels were assisted and encouraged by Prussia and other German States, whose rulers considered that rebellion as a timely safety valve for the unqulet fermentation that everywhere was threatening to disturb their peace, and the consequeace was that for three ycars Denmark carried on a war with vary- ing success against superior forces, until in 1850, when the “peuce of Berlin” brought things back to the status quo ante. ‘The rebellion was then quelled by Denmark, and order restored. Two years after the representatives of the most important States in Eurgpe met in London in order to give their sanction to the projected altera- tion in the order of succession to the throne of Den- mark, The King of Denmark, Frederick VIL, was childiess, and the Oldenburg race of kings would die out with him—the race of kings that had sat on the Danish throne s’nce 1448. The srown would then be the inheritance of some collateral line or other; but as none of these had a right to inherit the entire Danish monarchy, and as its integrity was re- garded as being of great political importance, Prince Christian of Glucksburg, Who was married to ® princess very nearly allied to the Danish crown, and who bad during the war commanded the royal horse guards, was; after a series of acts of renuncta- tion had been got over, chosen to succeed to the throne afier the death of Frederick VIl.,and to reign over the entire Danish monarchy. ‘The great Powers of Europe, and among them Prussia ang Austria, gave their consent to this new law of suc- cession in Deumark, signing by their plenipoten- tiarlea @ protocol gs arecord of their sanction of the measure, and Prince Christian of Gluoksburg, who was then entiiied the Prince of Denmark, was from that hour acknowledged by all the European: Powers as the only trae heir to the Crown of Deu- mark, Notwithstanding there continued in Germany a hostile feeling against Denmark, and while the Ger- nan people really dreamed of “liberating” the Ger- man tribes that inhabited a portion of the Danish mouarchy—Holstein and the soutiern part of Schleswig—the German princes, and above all the King of Prussia, pretended to sympathize with the dreamers, thereby preparing an invasion of Den- mark and the conquest of at least Holstein, that pos- sessed in the Firth and harbor of Kiel a naval har- bor such as Prussia had Jong coveted in vain. On the death of Frederick VII, in November, 1863, the storm broke out. In spite of the treaty of London te German States refused to ackuowledge his successor, Christian IX., as lawful ruler throughout the whole monarchy, and afier Hoisietn had been taken in occupation by tne troops ef Saxony and Hanover, in December, 1303, a uulted Prussian and Austrian army, in February, 1864, invaded Schleswig, and after a series of engagements with the roy: army of Denmark occupied the whole peninsula to the very northernmost point of Jutland. Denmark, who had begun the war, confiding in its right and with the hope of aid, especially thatof Engiand and of Sweden-Norway, that are so near akin to her by natural position, now saw herself abandoned by all the worid and compeiled at last to accept a peace— that of Vienna—relinguishing Sauenburg, Hol- slein and Schleswig to the two great Ger- manic Powers. kor two years = Austria and = Prussia in fellowsiip governed the conquered duchies, till by the convention of Gas uen, in August, 1865, 80 severely condemned by French and English statesmen, they divided the conquered tertilory between them, and, finaly, after the war of 1566, Prussia remained sole an absolute master of the duchies, which were then incorporated into the Prussian kingdom. ut France had succeeded in obtaining the insertion of @ condition in the treaty of the peace of Prague, the Afth article of which stipulating that, provided the Inhabitants of North Schieswig by vote declare their desire to be restored to the Danish monarchy, the north of Schieswig shall be given back to Deumark. BAD FAITH OF PRUSSIA. But this covenanted stipulation Prussia has not fulfilled, but has, as you have so well expressed in your admirable article of the 1ith bf July, “trampied upon the rights of the Danes with a bullying contempt for her little neighbor that should have been offensive to all Europe.” To the violence of the conquror it has added mockery. ‘True it is that three years ago Prussia instituted ne- gotlations with Denmark regarding the accomplish- lent of this stipulation, but the conditions it pro- posed for the fulfilment of its promise were 80 ad- Verse to the Interests of Denmark that it was evident no upright intention existed on the part of Pri to act up to the spirit of the convention, and since then all negotiations on the subject have been broken of. At the same time the Prugsiaa@ government has enforced Prussian legisiation and Prussian adminis- tration throughout Schleswig to the very borders of Jutland, while systematically endeavoring, but Utterly in vain, to Germanize the inbabitunts, who, yielding as little to threats as to bribes, have re- mained true to Denmurk, true to the allegiance of their hearts. Denmark feels that the fate of Schleswig, sooner or later, will be her fate, if the might of Prussia be not laia low; and, feeling this with an instinctive con- viction that no political sophistry can delude, she turns to war in hope that it will give her back that people and that land that bereavement has made sull more dear. DEMONSTRATION FOR FRANCE. That under these circumstances Denmark cherishes an earnest sympathy tor France is @ matter of course, and naturally enough that sym- pathy finds utterance on every occasion. Tne same evening that brought the tidings that war was pro- claimed witnessed in the pleasure gardens of Tivoil, Where thousands of both sexes and of all classes are wont to assemble every summer night, the entau- stasm the Danes feel for France and him who leads France onward to its mission. ‘the orchestra, un- bidden, struck forth the ‘Marseillaise,”’ hearts and voices joined in French and Danish national sot and all was & spontaneous utterance of the hope that the hour of deliverance was at hand. And since those tidings came no festive meeung—and such are very common in the summer time here— has yet been held at which cordial wishes for tne success of the French arms by sea and by iand have not been expressed. The spirit-stirring tones of ths “Marseillaise” seem literally to be moving on the air we breathe, and, thanks to tt and to the spirit tt awakens, the well known war chant of the Danish soldler, 80 deur to him lang syne, so full of proud remembrances, still so sad, like a battle fleid atter avictory, “Dentappre Land Soldat,” ts once more heard. Deumark’s love to France is of ancient date, and the old affection has been strengtheued by the Cousciousness thal durog all phese yours of Urlud ‘we