The New York Herald Newspaper, August 20, 1870, Page 4

4 a UROPE. War Despatches by Mail to August 6. Difficulties of Obtaining Correct News in the Field. French and Prussian Commanders Against Newspaper “Specials.” Journey from Lobau to Prague. Prossian Troops as Seen in a Bailroad Train and Bohemian Sentiment, A Naval Force in the Fortress of Strasbourg. SWITZERLAND IN ARMED NEUTRALITY, ‘Topographical Position and of the Swiss Republic. British Democracy Advancing During the National Alarm. Irish Agitation and Hope from Bonaparte. Questions of Celtic Union and Reunion. By the European mail of the 6th of August we have the following special correspondence in continua- tion of our history of the war between France and Prussia. Our special writers alse illustrate, to a very considerable extent, the present movement of the nationalities towards a universal democracy, and report some few symptoms of the initiation of a general contest for the ethnological claim of the su- periority and exactation of race in the Old World. MACMAHON’S ARMY. Dificuities of Obtaining News—Both Bellig- erent» Hostile to War “3pecials”—What a French General Thinks of the Press News— Marching to the Front in 2 Rain Sterm= All in the Dark as to the Exact Situation French Artillery and Christian Refiection— Immense Forces to and through Strasbourg— What Follows the Want of Independent Press Writers—Sailors in a Fortress and 2 Grand Surprise. ‘STRASBOURG, HRADQUARTERS OF MARSHAL MacMaHon’s ARMY Corrs, August 4, 1870, Whatever else this war may effect, 1t will not cer- tainly increase the respect of intellectual America or England for French officials. There is only one thing that can be said in their favor, which 1s, that in thetr intensely stupid wish to keep everything secret from the press they are, if possible, surpassed by thetr still more still stupid enemies, the Prus- Blans, Yesterday I was breakfasting atthe café de Brolte witha French colleague and fellow sufferer from perverse rules introduced by Monsier Olivier. My Triend is the special correspondent of a Paris journal, one of the best and by far the most witty of the Paris press. At the next table to us General de Lartique, who commands the Fourth division of MacMahon’s corps, was partaking of the same meal. My col- league of the Paris paper is an old friend of his, and commenced to joke him about the useless folly of attempting to keep the press in the dark as to what is going on. A pleasant and a genial gentieman is the General, who having at the age of forty-eight wou his epaulets as General of Division, from being a private soldier, can be no fool. But, like vearly all his fellow countrymen, he cannot see the advantages of allowing the press to have every means of gaining information com- patible with not publishing what might be of use to the enemy. The Generai 1s, however, French; or rather, f should say, French miltary to the back- bone. He could not be made to see how very much better i would be uf newspaper correspondents were not only furnished with authentic news but also were shown by the authorities what was really the truth, 80 as to prevent any mistake or error, But the General would not see the matter in “Silence,” he sald, “was the best side military matters, and to insure success ougiit always to be observed, both as to the nd as to the past, excepting only when the riiles themselves Ike to publish what has place”? MAROHING FROM STRASBOURG. At iength the First army corps has left this place, and your correspondent will follow in a few hours, The Third division, a3 I wrote in my last, left yesterday, the Fourth,under General de Lartique marched at two A. M. to-day, under a8 heavy a rain asever Isaw. They must not only have been wet through and through long before they started, bat must have had to carry wet tents, weti great coats, wet blankets and what not—a terrible addi- tion to the already overburdened meu. Even as I write these lines Marshal MacMahon and his stat are snatching a hasty breakfast in the dining room of the hotel, and leave for Hagaenau, about twenty miles from this, at once, where the headquarters of the division is to be, but where, as I believe, there will be serious Work cut out for the whole force ere world is many hours older. There ts some report going about that the Prussians have assumed the offensive, But it is impossible, or next to impossible, to as- certain even the most simple facts without an ammount of personal iivestigation and inquiry that you would hardly believe. The canards fying about are, a8 @ matter of course, very plentiful indeed, and euch one is wilder than its predecessor. Then what- ever you ask a French official, civil or military, you are met with the old regulatton answer, “Mon Dteu, Monsieur, je ne sais rien; je ne puls rien yous dire.” THE ARTILLERY OF THIS ARMY CORPS ‘This force marched out yesterday. What a sight it was! Eight batteries of ten guns each, all twelve ponnders, and four battertes of mitratieuses— ten of those fearful weapons in each battery! What an amount of blood could be shed by these engines of War; what an amount of extra misery can be brought lato the world by them! Itis when we see these preparations tn cold blood to taxe the lives of thousands of men now living that we begin to est- mate war ut its true value, During the fortnight I have been here, I have seen 200,000 men enter and leave Strasbourg one way and another. How many of these will ever see the year i871% How many will be in the world to comea dorinight hence? How many will die a fearful, hard, painial death, such @ death as at their own homes they could not endure a mad dog to die? And yet because this is called “war,” and not called “wholesale murder,’ ‘we regard it as meritorious rather than otherwise, A fortnight ago these 800,000 men were like @ linge stone quarry, out of which the materials for building ‘up av edifice haa to be hewn, and shaped and fitted, Now manston has been built, and Weare waiting with impatience to blow it up by meaus of gun- powde:. that light, in THE MOVEMENTS OF TROOPS. Iam writing Unis by fits and starts as I get a chance, aiid a din and Babel of tongues, which 18 enough to drive une msane, A French staff officer, oue of tue very lew who have ever given me hints | meaner worth having of what was about to happen, tells me Ghat 1 ound Bot to go to Hagucuay, for that quelque : chose 18 going to take place here. he means, His quelque chose is the Rhine by a bridge of boats now of that there can ly be @ doubt, ee the bridge now that all the troops have gain, even since I wrote was counterordered tls morning and 1s now here only to march at Boon—but where? The last train for Haguenau leaves at a quarter past twelve, and it i@ now eleven A. M. A syecii be Occasions ike the present haa need of a fair are of brains if he expects or hopes to do justico to his work. A new surprise spread, that General de Larti commanding the Fourth division, has nos ieft bourg, but was also countermanded at daybreak, He says he is going to leave at three P. M.; but he ta an enemy of special correspondents and would gladly misiead us all. Weill, something must turn up somewhere ere the world ts many ‘3 older, and [only hope that my good star may lead me to be there; only pray don’t be surprised if this letter stops short in the midst of a sentence, of a para- graph or even of a word, is THE OFFICIALS AGAIN. When @ man cannot make up his own mind what to do it 18 well that some one should do so for hum, An imperial aud paternal government has Just per for this kindly act for me. On going to the sta- tion just now to inquire about the trams to 1e- naul found that so much milltary element be moved towards the frontier that no civillans will be allowed to book themselves by this line until late at night, and, it may be, not even then. But at five minu seven A, M. to-morrow there will be a train for one that J1kes to at oe time take the liperty of doing 80, of the correspondents of @ most Paris’ paper, onl with me, andi have but uitle doubt but that between this and Sunday, unless M. Ollivier's law is carried out to the very letter and we aye turned out of camp by the provost, we shall see some hard knocks dealt on either side. MARSHAL MAOMAHON, ‘The General went off by a special train at eleven A. M., but his ‘staf, his horses, escort and servants only left at one P.M. They ure to march by road to Haguenau and to get there this evenin; shows me plainly that the Marsh: joes not himselt e3 to hi to-day. ity that attending near Bitche, and that nis special train TS cpr that place tais forenoon, and back to Haguenau in the evening. STRASBOURG. ‘This place presents a very different appearance to- lay to what it did two days ago. ‘There 1s nota soldier to be geen in or about the town, only one regiment, the Twentieth of the line. being left to look after stores, &c., and even this corps leaves for the seat of war in a few days. Tholeys of the department of the Bas-Rhin has e levy of the de} ent of the in been calla out and is being rapidly organized, and has already taken the duty at several of the ales or It is a very soldier-iike looking body of men; manne eaeans mene rvice 1n the regular army, and ail above the rank of lMeutenant are obliged to have been at least three years soldiers. THE EFPECT OF THE MITBALLLEUSE, This power the other day at the little affair at Saarbruck was, as 1 learn from an employé on the rail who nenpenee. to be present at the fight, tremendous. The Prussians were literally mowed 30004 in rengictietenrer sabe inthe my infor: says, not e world id stand against it. He iso tells “ws that wi French soldiers who were wounded hereas the were ail hit on the foot (showing that the needle gun does not carry as far as it is required), the Prussians hit were wounded above the walst. This confirms what I said in a recent letter that the Chassepot car- rica at least 400 yarda further than the needle gun, POST OFFICE FOR THE FIELD. T have often had oecaston to notice, in the course of my leiters, the completeness of French errange- ments in vartous matters. An instance of this is before my eyes as I write this letter. Every division of the army has been provided with a large sort of omnibus upon four wheels and drawa by four horses, Whicd inside 1s completely arranged for re- cetving and distributing letters—a small post office, Jn fact, with regular staf, for each division. There are four now before the hotel door, ali about to start for the front, Each one ts marked with the name and number of the corps darmée to which it belongs, a3 well as of the division. J never saw anything more thoroughly useiul or more likely to give satisfaction w the troopa, SPECIAL WRITERS IN THE FIELD. There is, I have been told to-day, some hopes that the absurd rules respecting special! correspondents not being allowed to follow the troops into uc eld may ve relaxed. Atleast, so say the correspond. ents here of the Paris Gaulots, Figaro and Mgni The Presse had @ correspondent preseat Oh Mo! day last, at the affair at Saarbruck, where the buperor and Marshal Leboout bot were. The latter is supposed to be the greatest enemy in France of special correspondents of the press, and thinks they ought to be exeluded from the camp entirey, But the Emperor !tas modified hs views, at least so it 1s said, and an order to that elect is expected dally from Paris, However, we shall all know more in a day ortwo. French oMcials are certamly on some correspondent NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, know what | tle cars iorthe mou. It was tn one of the lattor Cf | that Lad the pleasure of riding, There were rough Wao 18 to ie? the last sentence of this letter, an ofticer of Turcos telis me that his regiment board seats in the car, which I must confess, at the risk of being accused of ingratitude, were very nar- row and very hard, but no doubt preferabie'to a journey on “shank's mare.’ Indeed, I felt myself obliged to remind my warlike companions of an old German proverb, “Better ride ill than walk well,’ which they recetved with @ grinning assent, One gees all sort of expressions on soldiers’ faces nowadays—thoe deepest dejection, drunken excite- ment, thoughtless hilarity and serious cheerfulness. I am happy to be able to say that the latter ls pre: dominant, and the only one represented among my Wayfaring companions. When I reached the Bohe- milan frontier my troubes were, at least for the time, ended, unless the greatest want of adherence to the time tables can be called a discomfort ip these and after the lapse of a considerabie period Prague made its wenenranie LE FRELING IN BOHEMIA. use aa posdbia of a fow hours of necoasary delay 1d as 01 cr the famous old city, and began inmedlataly w “pump” the waiter who brought his f: hed Though "the object ‘was frequehuiy changed, ual 101 eo ‘un! gue was lef benind. Tie immediate “causa for mm was the variations in the state- Frenoh and ments of German papers as to the state of feeling in Austria. The Oficiel of the 25th cont letter from Vienna in which the writer asserts:—*‘All classes of the Austrian ppoeels: peror France. tain lonely voices represent, indeed, dissential views in the press, but the writers of these articles ure at heart or in blood and in outrageous opposition to the 9) inion of the ” account 13 Vast majority of Austrian gut radi different from that given be. the Prussian ress; aud it was your correspondent’s endeavor to iscover, so far a8 Bohemiw. went, which account most nearly approached the truth. I could find but one of the very large German - po; not enthusiastic in the German cause, and this French sympathizer contessed with sorrow that he could bardly mention a single fellow. - With the Slavonic population the case 1s alfferent, and on the whole { should say they are neutral, ¢s- pecially if we accept Lord Granville'’s test for neu- trality—both sides find fauit with them. in the thborhood of Sadowa, the Czech population are stil much embittered against the ssians, and wish them every itl, This I hear, among others, from two manufacturers whose establishments are in that region. In Prague, on the other hand, which was occupied for several months by the Prussian troops without the occurrence of a sivgie fray between the soldiers aod the inbabitants, the Prussians have the reputa- tion of a humane and reasonable people, and possess: the hearty sympathy of the people tn the present war. AUSTRIAN EXTORTION, They make the most pointed comparisons between them and the Austrians, whose last enormity 1s tue — to “borrow” over @ hundred iillion loring Irom the property deposited with the govern- ment in trust for minors, absentees, charitable pur- poses, &c., a proposition the more iniquitous in that @ large proportion of these deposits are compulsory. saw more than ove st clenched, and heard more than one threat of vengeance in case the proposition should become a iaw. One of te Prague papers of yesterday contained a furious ariicle on the subject, purporting to have for its object the proof thac “there are some acts of blackguardism of which even te scoundrels at Vienn@ are incapable.” The paper Was of course confiscated; but [ managed to secure a copy which had escaped the police. “ULTRA SLAVES." There is among the Czechs a third party, contain- ing some o1 the foremost Bohemians, called the “Ultra Slaves,’’ who'retuse to take a part or even an interest in any moyement not directed towards the re-establishment of the autonomy of the kingdom of Bohemia. They held a mass meeting two days ago, whose proceedings I had translated into German for me, to determine their relation to the Prusso-French difficulty. They decided that it was none of their affair, and expressed their allegiance to the Kmpo- ror, who has not yet been crowned King of Bohe- mia, and seems purposely to delay dotng so, in order to avoid taking the oath which guarantees the inde- ndeuce of Bohemia, white the Ultra Slaves were a itie pleased with the administration of affairs in their country, and the rest of the tnhabitunts, laying, however, the fault on the servants of the King. A SORAP FROM HUNGARY. Janet a Hungarian whom [ mustook for a Czech, and thought it would be a pity to let the chance slip of finding out what could of the Hun- garlan sentiment. According to my informant, who was an educated, and, other re- spects, well informed man, the whole mass of the population sympathizes with the North Ger- man Oonfederation, while the »Court circles,’ feel- mg more deeply the Austrian humiliation in 1866, wish the French arms success. ‘The recent resolu- tion of the Austrians to assume an armed, instead of an unarmed, neutrality originated, as you of course already know, in the Hungarian Parliament. It ts yet to be seen whether the move ts mtended to matters a hundred years or more behind the rest of the civilized world. ‘They reatly seem to think that their mission 1s to hinder, not to advance, the inte- rests of the public. The younger military men have More sense than their semlors, and see the utter, siu- pid foliy of attempting to prevent the truth velng written respecting military movements. For in- stance, even in the little affair at Saarbruck, which has opened the campaign, woulf it not have been better to have leit the aceount of the Prince Impe- rial’s conduct to some honest, imparttal writer than to have iasued that most ansurd report, in which it 1s stated that “some of the soldiers shed tears on observing the coolness of the Prince under dre?’ Fancy a French soldier shedding tears for apy thing except the loss of nis beloved suup! Sureiy such utter rubbish is enough to disgust apy reasonable man With official reports, and utake him distrust them for the reet of his natural life, SAILORS VOR STRASBOURG. ‘This 1s indeed a day of surprises. 1 have written this letter very much in the same way that a London cab horse gets his food, that is, how I could, wiere I could and when i could. My duty to-day has been carried On in the way | remember an Italian priest, who once travelled with me all the way from Trieste to Vienna, saying his breviary. Weon this old route had a duty to do, and he did it, but only as he could, five or six minutes here and there, to get over his work. | commenced this letter mm my bed- room; I continued it in the coffee room; f then remov- ed to the public courtyard of the hotel, wierel was determined to see one Of the staf as be passed on, From that I took the material with ie toa café where most of the special correspondents meet every forenoon for their after breakiast cofee and cigars. Then 1 moved to a cooler spot outside the gates and did‘a good dealin the tent of an officer of Turcos, bookseller’s shop, a saddler’s, the stable Where my horse 13, @ bootimaker’s shop, the marshal’s head- quarters, a restaurant, intelligence office, the post Office, the railway station, and so back to my own room, where [thought I should finish it in peace. Bui the sight of a company (in Frauce everything 13 military) of sailors, tn fall French meiodramatic tuwperiai naval unviorm, headed by a Daval lieu- tenant, has knocked ail my ideas that remained clear out of my head. It is very certain now that we are to have operations by water as well as by land, an@ that the huge, caréfally covered goods that bave lately been landed trom the railway are connected with these works Satlors, real live sailors, are, to the good people of Strasbourg, @ uew wonder of the world. Tuey fol- low them about as if they had come fromthe North Pole. Ina town so many Lundred miles from hon 4 | Aerts seaport, our friends here maybe excuse: they do evince some little astonishment at these sonsof Neptune. But their presence here—they only arrived au hour ago—fully explains many things which I could not before understand, but which must go into a future letter, for the post hour and the man have both come, and, I believe, the French postal authorities already view my having letters with con- siderable suspicion. Enough be tt for me to say that @ feet of small boats, each carrying one heavy gun, is now being prepared here, and will serve to help the troops by land very much, THE PRUSSIAN ARMY. German Military Rules on Press Correspond- ence from the Armies—The Herald Corps of War Writers—From Gorlltz to Loban— An Army Train; Its Passengers and Their Appearance—How the Bohemians Foel— What They Say in Prague. Lonav, August 5, 1870. After many newspaper correspondents had danced attendance on the public officers of Berlin for some- thing more than a week they received a positive re- fusal to allow them to attach themselves to the head- quarters of the diferent German armies. It being the fashion at the Prussian capital, a “council of war” was instantly called, at which it was decided that each of the members of the HeRaLp staff should take a department of the German forces and work it up “on bis own hook.’? Not so easy @ jobas may be imagined, for the present writer, calling onan intimate friend, an artiliery officer in the Ministry of War, in the hope that, even if the formal aid of the government In supplying the sympathetic Amert- can pubtic with news was denied, such private influ- ence ag he possessed might be turned to account, was told, with an apology, that the strictest orders lad been issued that not only should no ofiicer pre- sume to give any correspondent any assistance, but should hinder, as far as possible, every knight of the quill tn his quest for information. ‘fhe next train to the South contained the HERALD correspondent for the Crown Prince’s army, not carrying him, as you might imagine, in the direc- tion of Leipsic or Frankfort-on-the-Main, but to Gorlitz and the Bohemian border, From Gdérlitz to Lébau no regular trains are ronning, the road being fully ocenpted with the transportation of forces. One of these tralas soon came th, greeted by the cheers of the inhabitants. In this, by good inck and the kindness of the soldiers (to whom his commission was not mentioned), your correspondent obtained a seat. The train consisted of one elegant firat class car for tie ofllcers aud avout forty begwage and cat Since then I have successively been in a | be bona side, aud my informant could express no opinion. Your correspondent left Prague for Munich ’a tired buta wiser man. The train is waiting on the road for the rematus of a (rain Which had run off the track abead to be cleareo away, and your correspondent is making use of the moment to write toyou, with bis carpet bag for a de: which he bogs the printer to remember, of the time are so great as to exciude ordinary care on the raliroad, and acct- dents are of daily occurrence, whlie before the out- break of war they were most laudably rare. SWITZERLAND. National Position in the War—Between Two Fires by Topography—liow the People Feel Towards the Belligerents—Teuton Power North—What the Republic Has Done for Napoleon Personally—Neutral, but Well Armed. ROMANSHORN, LAKE OF CONSTANCE, ‘August 14, 1870,” § It is most unfortunate for the quiet, peace-loving Republic of the Alps that her geographical position compels her to be, as It were, a party to a contest in which she has nothing to gain and, maybe, every- thing to lose, Placed becween Uwo fires, a possible victim to the territorial ambition of two powerfu; neighbors, there Is no other aiteruative for her than to arm herself to the teeth, so as to prevent any en- croachment upon her valleys and plat Switzer- Janda at the present moment 1% in a situation some- what similar to that of tho bogder States during our late war; for, like that section of the Union, she would fain remain neutral between the contesiants, and yet it is all but impossible for her to preserve the in- tegrity of her soll from the rival armies, The northern portion of the republic seems designed by nature as a highway of approach w Southern Germany on the one hand, and to the cen- we of France on the other; for the country between Basle and the Lake of Constance 1s a Snecession of wide valleys and extensive plains wherein few obstacies exist to prevent the advance of the largest armies. Nor has Switseriand taken any precautions to obviate the natural want of defence on her northern frontier. She hag no for- tresses there, nor the means to arm them according to the requirements of modern warfare; and she may be said to exist from the same cause as Turkey- in-Europe—simply on account of the jealousy of her neighbors. by FEELING TOWARDS YHE BELLIGE, i My journey across Switzerland has convinced me of two things:—Firstly, that the Helvetians are, as one man, resolved to preserve a determined nen- trality in this war; secondly, that their sympatnics are about equally divided between the French and Germans. The southern cantons and those border- ing on Alsace are generally Gallic in thetr feelings, so far as this warts concerned; while those which, face the Duchy of Baden are slightly pro-German, Well informed men in the two sections seein to have AUGUST 20, 1870.—TRIPLE SHEET. this body ts divided into three classes. After reaching eighteen years of age every native ts re- ie smacarecr ied ister igs ‘© OF disease +f ‘Tuese and neni at ol tr col unless have been called to the Gospel, number is very in the first cate- que. Of epee sep exceptions—namely, the physical sq ; for the young misses of Switzerland, on the question ped,’? have, it appears, atories a8 10 & u t prove nt they bn ee monegsave of « mnole fier yw young genticmen shirk mi duty in the or Years, volves chamois and ava- lances. On entering the national the recruits servo cao pare: ing. with uit of onerous ‘nor interferi & pro) urs Commercial and ofters private adairs, ‘they then are into the +4 ”” in which they serve du fn additional six years, the calls upon their time being greatly reduced; thence into the “landwehr,”” in which body, they remain until forty- five years of age, when their service is considered be compined, represent a force o! men, a portion o 1, and no inconsiderable portion either, is armed with aon oF the bese, meal ern, ee here ne oar , Henry and others commo! ranks, Batteries of field artillery, rided and other- wise, are also numerous and effective, and there is Mkewise 6 small force of cavalry, of which much ought not to be sata, iooxing gen the Swiss army from the most favorable point of view I should re- valoable auxtiary to the f¢ rd 1¢ as an in’ le forces of any great aly. but powerless to reales for any length of 3 the assaults of the chief European mon- archies. ‘The safety of Switzerland really lies in its geogra- phical position, aa placed barrier-wise between two or more powerful rivals, aud, above all, im the respect felt for her by other Eeetous coving peoples, Surely two such nations as the United States and Great Britain would not look calmly on while Gaul or Teuton stained her snows with biood, DEMOCRACY IN THE RANKS. ‘There is no favoritism or snopbery 1n the Swiss army, Instances are numerous of millionaire mer- chants and others serving as simple privates, and loyally obeying the orders of their own clerks and employés. ‘The highest rank in the army 18 that of “federal” colonel—not merely cantonal—or (as we should put 11) State colonel, and the senior officer of this rank in Switzerland nas the honor of being a vue genclallasimo of the army during the present ie gene! 10 O1 war has, lately been voted into his pee by the Federal Bund or Legislature, and that, too, by an overwhelming majority. Colonel! Hans Herzog, of canton Argan, a gentleman possessed of amuent means, has devoted his lifetime to the study of mill- tary scxence, and, according to all I have been able to gather, Switzerland will find in bim the best guar- dian of the safety. of her open supped, ashe by the counsels of the gallant old General Pi agin z 1e ors pt heed rer ign aipyand 1s far-(amed tactic! passing a gree! at Geneva, and bis advice will be invaluable at the present crisis in his country’s affairs, SWISS STRATEGY. Switzerland has now in the field between 40,000 and 60,000 men. Some 10,000 of these are mponet in and around Basle, at which point the Fremtn and German frontiers meet her own, and nearly an equal number are bivouacked along the valley of the Rhine towards Schaffhausen or located in the towns close at hand. Headquarters are at Olter, the northern centre of the Swiss railroad system, and from this point reinforcements can be rap- idly to sheen of the frontier within a few hours. Thave thought it well to give the resumé of Swi bigeiisleeg position in ey of the Ved wen she ave to play against her own wishes in the European war. fr or Prussia should get the worse of the cohtest at the outset it is all but un- avoidable that Swiss territory will be invaded in the long run, and, besides, the accidents of war must not be overlooked. The cam Jost commenced is merely the beginning of the distant end. Almost every European nation has some particular axe to grind at the expense of its neighbors, and when all are arming, as arming they are at present, from England to Russia, a general war is certain to fol- low. _In his address to the army the Emperor Napo- leon declared his belief that hostilities will not be of short duration, and from what i have myself wit nessed during the past eight days in France and Switzerland { am compelled to endorse his opinion. ENGLAND. Feverish Anxiety Respecting the War—Deter- mined to Hight for Belgium—The Cabinet it AnxiousThe RKeople Suspicious t Diplomacy—The Futare Premier of Lonpon, August 6, 1870. The war, and the complications on the Continent to which it 1s giving rise, are causing the very gravest apprebensions among thoughtful men in England, both inside and outside of Parllament. Members are questioning Ministers, in season and out of sea- son, how it 1s going to end; but Ministers them- selves are too much perplexed, and are as yet too undecided to atlempt any answer, satisfactory or otherwise. Espectally with respect tothe Engilsh policy in the event of the neutrality of Belgium being violated has the government been interrogated; but hitherto without success, Every attempt which could be thought of has been made, both in the House of Lords ari the House of Commons, to get Karl Granville and Mr. Gladstone to deciare whether they will or will not send an expedition to Antwerp in the event of cagtain contingencies; but as yet only vague replies have beengreceived, euch as that the honor of the country will be fully maintained and all steps taken to do at the pro- per moment what is becoming and dignified. Great uneasiness has been crcated by this reserve on the part of tye Cabinet, more especially as the Parliament is on the eve of proroguing, ana the Ministry will be lett free to follow the dictates of their own will, unvexed and undisturbed by the im- terrogations of representatives whose curiosity is great. That the country itself, or rather the major- ity of its people, are in favor of going to war showld any provocation be received those who are close observers of political events entertain no doubt. ‘That the Ministry would go to war under such clr- cumstances, however, is just the ting which the country would like to learn, but respecting which it can at present obtain no definite tnformation. A large proportion of Parliamentary representa- tives are of opinion that they would; but the hesita- tion of Earl Granville in speaking out at the right moment and in speaking ont boldly, unre- servedly and decisively, nas caused a considerable section, both of members and of the communi to abandon lum to any fate for her, 14m persuaded that from othce, To NATION. THE PHOPLE LOOKING . Meanwhile, in view of the worst, the government have been urged by the House of Commons to take Vigorous measures for putting the army and navy of the country upon a satisfactory footing. Twenty thousand additional men have beeu voled for the former, and several new tron clad turret sips are contemplated to reinforce wie latter. She dockyard laborers that were recently discliarged have been Invited to return, and clerks atid oiher oMcials who during the tit of economy Hud been turned to tne about have been reinstuted 10 their situations, icant, however, as these measures may appear 4n themselves, Iam of opinion tat they have been resolved on more Ww remove tie uncasiness prevail- ing inthe public mind than with any intention on the pars of Mr. Gladstone's government of showing je, coast uon to plunge into war upon the first provo- a. THR PREMIEKSHIP—THE COMING MAN. Muoh talk has been occasioned by the effect which the European embroliment 14 baving upon the Premier personally, Never physically very strong, his health lias Deed more than ever impaired by the anxiety which the war has occasioned him, Taking into account his critical condition, people are be- ginning to ask themselves what is likely to happen were he suddenly to be removed from the public service,, Such a contingency, it is almost upiversally adinitted, would at the present time be nothing more than a public calamity; for there 18 20 e1e to succeed him, Mr. Disraeli, highly give and eu- dowed as he is, the people will not ey for they ‘alt neither in his convictions on Progressive liberalism would ese Me. Gladstone's career to be would und ly have been ne iter of Englend nad his 3 the public service. and are the only two possible Premiers for the imme- diate future, and they will only be accepted on con- dition that they form @ radical cabinet and throw themselves heartily into the promotion of popular measures. IRELAND. “Good Luck and a Godspeed” to Bonaparte— Excellent forthe Newspapere—Engiuad’s Dif- floulty a National Opportuaity—Will Bona- parte Liberate Ireland ¢—Serious Agitation— Celtic Union. cut short, the eert DusLin, Augase 6, 1870. Your readers will perhaps consider us citizens of Dublin rather strange folk; for instead of abusing, like the rest of the world, the Emperor Napoleon for going to war, we rather admire his “pluck” and wish him “Godspeed.” Nor do we dread, like other people, the destruction the war is certain to bring upon mankind and civilization, for every day during the past week we have been expecting news ofa bloody engagement, and have been somewhat dis- appointed that one has not taken piace. The different newspaper offices of the city sre every morning literally besiegea by large crowds eager to ascertain the attitude of the belligerent Powers. ‘The tact cannot be denied that the Irish people in genera! and the inhabitants of Dublin and vork in particular take the deepest interest in the present stroggle, That interest, I have reason to know, ts something more than an tdle curiosity or an affectea sympathy for France. They hope that Eng- land will be involved in the war, or that, owing the tone of her press and the moral support she has given to Prussia, the Emperor, a8 svon ashe has despatched bis present enemy, will declare war against her. This would, I assure you, be a most gratifying result to the Irish people, and particularly to the national party, who have been instrumental in organizing the demonstrations lately held all through the South, They have made great capital out of the hostility towards the Empe- ror Napoleon, which has, ever since the declara- tion of war, characterized the whole English press, and many of them are sanguine enough to think that the conduct of England may bring about the wished for result. Others also imagine that the Emperor Napoleon takes a great interest in this country, and that very little would induce him to attempt its sepe- ration from England. The wish 1s, I am inclined to think, “father to the thought.” I may say, however, that a leading article in the London News favors this opinion, and has done not a little to strengthen this idea among Irishmen, The London News says:— It may not be improper to add that the sympathy of the Emperogof the French tor Trejand is a6 lively as it is’ for Hanover and Wur- temberg, and that the pains which he has taken to inform himself of its condition have been as inces- sant as minute. Ever since Monsigneur Dupanioup appeaied, with imperial approval, to Freach com- passion for Irish wrongs, Napoleon's concern for the oppressed sister country has been, if not obtru- sively displayed, yet significantly hinted. HOPE. This extract was printed in capitals In all the na- tional newspapers, and was considered as the ¢x- pression of English opinion regardumg the sympa- thetic union between France and Ireland. Great significance is attached to it by the national party here; but the object of that party at present is to exaggerate everything likely to involve England in the war. The promoters of the recent Dublin demonstra- tions, out of a wholesome dread, no doubs, of the Police force, have very wisely come to the concin- sion that, as then object has been fully attained, they will not for the present noid any more demon- strations of sympathy with France, Their object, I unm intormed, was tv show that Ireland was not Eng- land, and that the views of irishmen were not repre- sented by the English press, irish opinion, there- fore, has been placed in a positton of distinct tde- pendence from the prejudice and cupidity of Kagiish arties. The paragraph from which { take in- formation says “thatitere are considerations wnich urge that no more is necessary to be done in this mstance at present.” “And then it goes on to say thut “there is always a dan- at large, to suspect that they mean peace and that they will not scruple to throw Belgium overboard altogether should her inde- pendesce be violated. Color 18 given to this supposition by the fact that the treaty of 1815, which Disraeli has laid such stress on as a diplomatic doc- ument, has been quite ignored and repadiated by the government. They declare that since it was signed at Vienna the whole circumstances of Ku- rope have changed; that the boundaries of her States have been rearranged; that her balances of power have been altered and that the treaty is in fact a dead letter, useless to found any future nego- tiations upon and powerless as regards any diver- ston in tavor of Belgium. Mr. Disraeli and his fol- lowers are much wroth at this interpretation of the treaty and at the repudiation of its obligations; but Mr. Gladstone ia firm, and has resolved to abide by his resolution with regard to it. On the other hand the radicals are in eestacies at this emphatic declaration of policy on the part of the government with respect to this particular treaty, and cherish secret hopes that the same course a greater fear of German encroachments than of the French, for the road to Parts from Basle 18 more likely to tempt the Prussians than Southern Ger- many will do their opponents. Tne real strength of the Teutons Mes in thetr northern territory; whereas the country forming the centre of France is easily approached all the way to Paris, the two fortresses of Relfort and Langrea being the sole obstacles to the advance ofan invading army. The great bulk of the Em- peror’s forces is now concentrated in the northeast corner of the empire, only ® few scattered handtals of troops remaining in the departments bordering the railway from Mulhouse to Paris; and were the Prussians to trespass across Swiss territory and enter the region in question, they would simply have to aeal for @ time with the National Guard and a small modicum of regular troops. It 1s therefore in the interest of France to preserve intact the integrity of Helvetic soil, forming as it does a rampart of defence to her centre and capital; but there 1s like- wise another and strong reason for Swiss confidence in the French Emperor. Louts Napoleon passed a considerable portion of his early career in the repub- lic, and was honored by being made a Swiss citizen. He is known to ve gratefai for the protection afforded him when his name was likely to cause him the fate which the proverb assures us threatens naughty “bow-wows;”’ and he is not likely to forget how the Swiss turned out a hundred thousand stroag to pro- teet him from the hostility of the Orleanists, and came very near plunging their little republic into a war with France, soiely on his account. But, efter all, they are unanimously resolved to protect their confines against Prussians and French alike and whichever trespasses upon their domatn will | fina them prepared for an energetic resistance. TAR SWISS ARMY. The Swiss army cousio\s of its National Guard, and of action may be pursued with respect to many others. They regard European treaties in the av- stract as so many records of mere diplomatic finesse, good enough for a state of society in which a Talley- rand was the beau ideal of a statesman, but utterly useless and viclous in an age which is disposed to model its diplomatic argangements upon the simple and straightforward basis first inaugurated by the United states. RADICAL DEMOCRACY. ‘While, however, this is the radical and democra- tic view with respect to the exploded treaties that were drawn up during the feverish period that followed the downtall of Napoleon the Great, the re- Pi feta ot on the part of the populace of engagements ‘hich they consider to have oxpired by no means lessened their desire to go to war with either of the two belli; it Powers that may have the gudacity to violate the tet of Belgium. Eng- sh passions are easily stirred, and English pre- Judices are as nt as ever, and the mere thought pa in the flerce strife which is now desolating thé Continent is welcomed by them with almost flerce enthusiasm. being the mood of the peo- ie, Some Little dissatisfaction has been expressed Phat‘an explicit statement has not been made by to what are really their intentions @ sudden crisis ansing. The reason why this definite declaration has not been given 18 very easily explained; but so far from allay it has increased the existing distrust. The Cabmet have not et apparently resolved as to what course tt would be best to pursue. Mr. Giadstone, with all his great ifts, his honesty, his supreme intellectual power, fis statesmantike sympathies, does not possess the faculty of making up his mind quickly and decisive- ly. He looks not only at all sides of a question so earnestly, but he is so scrupulously careful in weighing and estimating ail that can be said either in its favor or disfavor, that he caanot on the spur of the moment decisively decide what ought to be done. This trait in his eharacter, it is shrewdly sus- veoted, has jeft him too much openjto the arguments of the peace party Following ais own instincts, aud the traditions of the government ae in the event ger of overdoing things, particularly demonstra- tions, Which, a8 experience proves, have never 1m ireland been followed with much practical re- sults, The neutrality laws are, too, In this case dan- gers ahead, and no good can come of an effort to violate them. If aly of our countrymen should fancy they ave benetiting Ircland by enlisting in any foreign army their attention might be drawn to the | grim fact that hundreds of thousands of Irishmen fave given their lives fighting for other countries without those countries doing anytaing practical for Ireiand. The fatal error of our people always has been the silly, Uomaniy notion that veinutanme were going to liberate ireland without Ireiand mak- ing any exertion herself, Instead of indulging in these idle dreams the Irish people ought to look to themselves and place their only faith in the houest principle of self-reliance. RECRUITS FOR YRANCE, Notwithstanding this very sensible advice, evi- dently penned by one who had @ hand in the recent demonstrations, hews has just reacved here from Cork to the effect that fn one of the leading mer- cantiile houses in that city the enthusiasm f the employés in favor of France hus been % great that li has assumed the practical form of a determination to join the army of la grande nation, and that séveral pames have been already furnished tw the roll of volunteers for that honorable but dangerous purpose. It is, however, arral to ascertain, in the first instance, whether the services of the volunteers will be accepted by the French mllicary authorities, as an impression prevails that any offer of the Kind coming from foreigners, at- least for the present, wil! be declined. JUDICIAL COUNTERBLAST. Mr. Justice Koegh, in opening the city commission in Cork, referred in very sarcastic terms to the fool- ish processions and displays which took place from time to time in that city. Referring to the destitu- tion prevalent in that city, he satd:—I am told there 1s & Vast number of persons at present in Cork—men anxious to suppomt their wives and children by hon- est indastry, whose families are at the present moment rednced Ww a state of starvation, and who, Mf the truth were known, are most rel it to be kept away from their lawful avocations, and, in fact, to those whom they speak to In confidence they represent themselves as living only one degree removed from the condition of panpers. They say they are nat allowed to work be- cause of intimidation, and beCause assaults have been made on those who wished to return to their labor. This is certainly a sad state of things, * * > iftad Persons may ask why it is Cork is not as Nourishing as other places. I believe it ts because of these perpetual disturpances, trate riots, mouster meetings, assemblages of sympathy or other non- sensical periormances, which really make the actors inthem supremely ridiculous; and how they can separate from their meetings without being in kinks of laugater at one another surpasses my comprehen- sion, PERVERSITY. Never did truer words escape the learned Judge's lips; but it 1s greatly to be feared his advive will be lost on @ large section of the citizens of Cork and of ‘he province of Munster generally. Mr, Daniel O'Sullivan, whose conduct when Mayor of Cork last year created such an mnenviable notoriety, has given notice at the Board of Guardians that he will move:—"That the Board, not unmindful of the friendship that has existed between France and Ire- land, sympathize with France 1n this great crisis," In the adjoining city of Limerick preparations are being made to hold @ great demonstration in favor of Frauce. The tollowipg placard is, I understand, extensively posted through the town of Enals, in VIVE LA FRANCE! " “ 's Of historic '28—come noe and express your noble feeling before CBLTIO UNION. There ts no doubt whatever that these demonstra- tons have created a4 in land, Ney the Spectator vi cause that has led to. the: > wh itsays that “with his peter oe uo blood and his history, the man feels himse! younger ig the Frenchman, and instinotivaly detests the scepti- "the upsym) tic Teuton, lation lon Weekly News—a paper in great cirea- chit )the lower bserves that these tena to show the warcen f the " fer tnet inks together the members of ‘the Geltie thee, See POLITICAL INTELLIGENCE. ee CnnaRS Fierce Sparring Among Badicals—Scen: the Louisiana Radical State Convention~ Governor Warmouth, Giverase Dunn, the Postmaster, All ut Bitter Legger- kouds. i ‘From the New Orleans Bulletin, pdstinuster LOWELL then took the Ser gt a menced by pepe that the Governor couid en- force the rights of colored men, There woutd be no ; end to trouble while this question was open for agi- By prompt and Fag apc Star way and same miave.distinodons, cod the Miicaniste : repul master Bald he Was & re or oe Someta: the Posti ican long before the Pr Sour wours, arate VaR Recorder’ of the recipiontot of the olty.thonaytor what ol the Post called. new Ln ht under the Post- and flercely in the hei more your demagoguery and nonsense,” S0Y more of Lieutenant. Governor DUNN, in the chalr, answered:—“I have heard @ great deal of what the Poon calls nonsense already, and I shail listen So the Postmaster pitched in again in support tae resolution. nS . by on bs xX Collector SHERIDAN opposed the resolut and backed the Governor. ie ae A colored member, name unknown, the same who quoted the revolutionary orator, entered the arena against the Governor and the Tax Collector, and was both, over the Slaughter House ja A platform was to refer to chat detloges the charge that ‘d on the tl elicate subject. ‘I say that lL used the Me- tropolitan Police to enforce the Slaughter House act is not true.’” POSTMASTER (gently and chidingly)—Oh, no. GOVERNOK (Warmiy)—The statement that [ used Lo pea eae force for that purpose is a false. POSTMASTER (cemonstrativel: Ih, no, no; don't say thas; I have sutnsctey for te sarah ‘BRNOB (excliedly)—The man who repeats it is ' as big a liar ag the man who said 1t. ne There was a sensational pause when the explosion of gubernatorial wrath shocked the ears of the poitte assemblage. Something terrible was evidently « ex- pected to occur, but nothing terrible did occur. War- mouth, hot weating, looked at Lowell, cool and ‘ oe Aeeeg Pyne 4 Lhd tbigten 4 and the member from jo Was teeth as if he had been masticating the le. Tue Governor, emboldened by his success, made at the Postmaster and insinuated that when he was Speaker of the Honse of Representatives he had got the Snip Island Canal bill through to benetit his niary condition. oatinaster openly retorted that the Governor ha money in that dill, too. ‘They then, entered into a@ discussion about legal juibbling, bearing of which upon the matter fore the Convention seemed to be perfectly under- stood by them, put was imperceptible to others, Lieutenant Governor DUNN vowed he would not peppuls apy more indelicate references to personai rs. tel Govuxxor—Very well. The Chairis right. [was advocating republicanism here in 1363 and 1864, before the gentieman came here. POSTMASTER (evidently hitung at something that occurred at Vicksburg when Geueral Grant took by the ears a hanger-on about his headquarters and Kicked nim bere ot ye a eid his rat rei and lying propensities)—1 was iu the arury then. Fy TGovERAOE—In "05? POSTMASTER—Yes. GovEKNoR—In "66? Lows.i—Yes; I was mustered out tn 1867. The Governor now showed how De was the victim of ingratitude. He said when the Postmaster came here, a stranger, he took him in. He had him elected to tie House of Representatives from Caddo. He heiped to get him admitted into the House, He helped to have him elected Speaker. He helped to have him appointed Postmaster. He. referred to some conversation Or interview at which the spiis originated, and proceeded to make some statement. Postmasier pronounced the statemeut a Lie. Hugh J. Campbell, the Major General, was called upon to decide che question of veracity. it appeared that the Governorhad sabi the Pust- master was a dammed fool. ‘The Postmaster accused the Major General of tying by suppressing @ material fact, and the Major Geo- eral weat to the rear. The material fact was that the Postmaster was hostile to the formation of the Locisiana Legion. He conveyed the idea that the “Ting of Voniederate officers” who were commissioned in the Legion had entered mto a compact with the Governor te ald hint i nis electoneering schemes. ‘The Governor denied it. The Postmaster said ne had the record to shew it. The Governor challenged lim to produce the record. ‘The Postmaster thought too much had been done already to damage the republican purty withous making that exposure. ¢ ‘The Goyernor said the Postmaster had no record that could implicate him. Postmaster (with terrible emphasis and an oath)— Thave, and you know it. ‘The Goveraor recurred to a discussion of the reso- lution, and umpressively advised repubiicans to wash their dirty clothes in private, among themseives, and not wash them abroad before the padlic. Surveyor General Lyncn, sei: a happy moment when the interchange of hes had n succeeded by a disposition to put tue washtubd in a dark corner, proposed a substitute for the resolution, which sub— stitute simply pledged tne rads to elect members to the next who wil pat colored folks into: the tub and scrub them as witte as any whites. ‘The substitute was adopted. There was oll upom the waters and the mongrel crowd glided ont into the street smoothly with the aid of Lynch's lu ori? cator. Te Republicam Quarrel in the Peunsylvauia District. PHILADELPHIA, August 19, 1870. John V. Creely, who claims to have been de~ franded of the republican nomination for Congress in the Second district, is not content with the deci- sion of the city executive committee, which has Tecognized Charles O’Netll as the nominee. Mr. Creely from the firat deaiet the right of pee ra mittee Ae interiere in -the Iustter, on the ground that a uesti affecting the Congresstonal district wat’ state mate fe mat 5 erotics ei be ect to the Stute ent mimittee. le acca repaired to Altoona, where the State Comnilttee met Tu: last. ans pat ithe case to that Orpinizalion tt sustained him in his claim, and referred the ques tion tn contest fo the executive committee ot the General Comunilttee. This body will sit in this city and hear testimony on both sides, after wuich they wil report to the General Cominittee, Second The Auti-Rom Movement—Sketches of the Temperance Candidates in Massachasctts. Mr. Wendell Phillips, whose name leads the new ‘Temperance ticket, is well known to the people of the State and the country. Hegraduated at Harvard College in the class of 1831, having among his class- mates J. L. Motley, Hon. Nathantet B. Shurtiic, Muyor of Boston, and Francis Gardner. He was educated for the law, but was early enlisted in the anti-slavery contest, in which his labors are weil known. His famous reply to Attorney General Austin, in Faneuil Hall, on the marder of Owen Love- joy, set him at once among the foremost orators of is time. Since that his name has been a familiar one to the people of New England. He has never affihated with the republican Fomine and bitterly op] the re-election of lent Lancoin. He has never been @ candidate for any office, Eliphalet Trask, of Springfield, the candtdate for Lieutenant Governor, @ republican, having pre- viously belonged to the whi party, and also at one time aiiliating with the Know Nothings. He was elected Lientenant Governor on the Banks tloket, in 1858, and held the office three years. He has also been @ member of the popular branch of the Legisla- ture. George 8. Ball, of Upton, ts the candidate tor Secre- tary State. He was three years in the State Senate—lo 1866, 1867 and 1868—was two years a member of the House and has been Chaplain of that body. He is a Unitarian clergyman, the head of we Massachusetts Good Templars and served in the war as pepe of the Twenty-first Massactusetts. John I. Baker, of Beverley, is the candidate for ‘Treasurer. He has been active in politics and has been in the Executive Council, and has served in the Legislature some nine years. He has held va- rious other offices, such as special Railroad Ooiamis- sioner, Inspector General of Fish and state Liquor Commisstoner, Whiting Griswold, of Greenfield, the candidate for Attorney General, tas had considerable legisiative experience, having been in both brancties of the Legislature, and in the Senate several times, He was one of the Presidential eectora when Mr. Lin- coln was reelected, He was formerly a democrat, but latterly has been classed as @ republican. Lyman W. Daggett, of Attleborough, the candidate for Auditor, has had some legislative experience, but 1s less generally known than the ober gentievem Ou (he ticket,