The New York Herald Newspaper, May 27, 1870, Page 4

4 ‘menace tree IMPORTANT FROM ROME. Cardinal Antonelli and » Herald: £pectal Correspondent in Conference. His Eminence Expounds the Materialistio Situation—War, Finance, Diplo- Meteorological Science Touched, but the Spiritualities Deferred. Health of the Pope—Falli- . ble or Infallible. ‘One of our correspondents in the Holy City reports underneath the progress and result of a special con- ference which he has just had with Cardinal An- tonelli at tne Vatican, His Eminence the Cardynal Seeretary of Staie, as will be seen, expounded the Mnateriulistic situation—milltary, Mnancial, diplo- Matic and scientide, foreign and home—with great force and acawea to our representative. Of tho #piritualities, {he Council and its probable conse. quences bo.h bere oni hereafter, the Roman statea- man Was almost silent, at least tor tne present. A Herald Special Writer in the Vatican, Rome, May 9, 1870. Having secured an interview witn Cardinal Auto- nell, 1 went to the Vatican Palace this morning and had a long conversation with that eminent personage. Ttfonod him tn an excellent tatking humor, so 1 was enabied to have quite a free chat with his Eminence. He occupies the third floor of the Vatican, holding there his oitice and his residence whenever the Po:e sojourns tn that palace, Tie past winter both have been putting up there on account of the sessions of the council heid im the adjoining basilica of St. Petcr. ‘The Cardinal is, of course, always in ciose proxiinity to his Holiuess, who has the first and second fuois of the buliding for his Papal household. After as- cending the six spacous and magnificent marbie etairways leading to the upper story and getting, by the wayside, a fuil peep at the Swiss sentiuels, bastly walkiog to and froin their black and yellow striped costumes of the Middle Ages, includiug hel- metand haibe.d, engaged, for the most pari, c hat- ting in Swiss Dutch, After passing numerous litue bovies of dome°ties, 1a red drapery and camiereri, in attendanee a the doors of his Holiness’ apart- ments, 1 was ushered tn the first ante-chamber of the Cardina''s office, or the Department of Stato for Foreign Affairs, In this ante-cham- ver cards are taken by nother usher, dressed m the priestly black gown, Here I ob- Served several smail fry of the order of priests, sitting on ordinary chairs, like so many spectres, @rmed With much patience, while waiting for tie Bonor of being admittea to the august presence of the divinity of the spot, who has quite @ reputation for making la plute et le beau temps, justly or un- justly. Preceded by my second usher, I observed and passed on into the sécond ante-chamber, which adjoins the Cardinal’s sanctum. In this second chamber I found myself among several high arch- bishops and bishops, one or two ladies, and a diplo- mat of one of the foreign legations. Here the fural- ture was chic; mice velvet-cushioned chairs, rich curtains, fine tapestries, and rare pictures on the ‘Walls were all the go, and the distinguished visitors were no longer #0 many spectres, but wagged their tongues as if they had somewhat of a right to do so. Not enjoying the privilege of being either one of the better half of humanity, or @ diplomat, or a great dignitary of the Church, my turn of audience came next alter that of the grandees assembled; but I had not to walt Jong, for after @ short admittance granted to each the Cardimal would invariably pop ‘out at his door, as if hurrying them all away while uttering the curt valedictory, “Bonjour,” with a pecuitar Italian and oily accent on tho arut syllable of that word, On my entering the sanctum he received me stand- ‘ng, gave me a cordial shake hands, and motioned me to take a seat with him on a e-a-téte, His ‘aanner, 1 must say, was free and caay, and through- out our conversation he taiked in the most friendly and familiar style. s CARDINAL ANTONELLI AS QE 18. Cardinal Giacomo Antonelli has now attalned his #ixty-fourth year, baving been born atSonnino, a vil- jage on the fronuer between Rome and Naples, Aprii 2, 1806, He does not appear over fifty at present, his physical appearance being wonderfully youthful for his years, ts family was originally almost tn a state of rusticity, but possessed of some property. As a youth he entered tha priesthood, which has borne him to hia present high, powerful and Wealthy position a8 the Pope's Prime Miuister, He is now many times @ millionnaire, and has all that he could desire, except the Romagna or the oid Pou- tical territory, over which he once ruled, but which ‘was, ten years ago, wrested from his grasp, not- withstanding his adroit intrigues and thundering despatches launched at the head of Cavour, wien those two Italian wrestlers in diplomacy bad ther splendid bout together. Cavour had the strongest backer—Napoleon Il/,—and won the game. Antonelli iad ile misfortune to be backed only by Francia Joseph of Austria, They say that he privately con- sider all diplomacy to be so much vanity of vanities Cd since tat day, having Jost all rgard ior humanity, princes and pilstipatties, except a very spiteful oue, He has four brothers here, all wealthy and well sliced of with the Ponitiical cake, one being president of the bank aud = the others ia high ecclesiastical ofiice. He he reputetion of taking care of his fliich he alove has drawn out of obscurity, e ae it may sound Kore, he is emphatically one If-made men of the times. Since 1549, or during the iast iwenty-one years, he has occupied the posinen oO: Secretary of State, and during thw peilod won a repuiation a8 a man of braiis and adroiiness wnsurpassed by none and equalled by few in urope. Me is cultivated, both in ite and letters, bis inveilect Lemg characterized by quickness aud depih at tie same tine, his drawback, the piti- fal plight inio whien te, hs rule asd bis dominions are NOW Cast Deing due to the fact that he never had any very heavy battalous at his back—Jor reaily & pope’s soldiers do act count. Here all accord lua the honor of possessing a “long heal,” and ie is caleian ‘old fox.” They all wil tell you that he never was kuown to be beateu ia & game Where c.n- ning coud gata tue very. Witha,, many p quant stories circuiate in regard to hia aha pis foriunes; he enjoys that (hing ed prestige, and passes for a yaost charming, lasciuating, unctuous geniteman towards all aud @ special admiver of the la lics— although he hmself Wears @ gown. At ‘hs head of ® great Stace he would most probably have dove worders; a3 if 16 iis htef vietories baye been won by sheer superio ¢ 5, bv rase in @ place whore all has to be achiev by undorve.ce and under- hand work. Lyon tue dosutts, with all their wiil- ness, have never veeu too anany for hia, As I took my seat uéar iin] Observed him as much a8 possible dusing & twinkling, and I was net sur- Prised to see that on his part he gavea sly, umder- eye glance, as li to gauge my probable stock of gues tiuns, to , no doubs, if J had Come to ask him the history 0: a.i the ecumenical councils, past, present snd future. Whether te was reassured by te vlance Against » useless aud leaden Importanity about coun- ols in gene. al aud pariuculat or not, the fact is, ihat by the time we were seated the “idustriasima emb menza” and your correspondent were talking eet £84f NO Cares 1 State Welghed on his shoulders, anc @s though he was periectly unconscious of a n and ever so delicate a hint for “speci, speech, being addressed to Lim, @ very ordinary Took unili he chooses to remove the hazy film fa which he keeps his «yes covered up, then he vears juve @ different a pect. fe speaks rather poor Frencn, With a deciied Ital.an accent. " THE DECALOGUEB—MAKING AND ILLUSTRATING HIS- TORY. CorrEsroxpeNT—I have veen } in Rome and would have calied but that I knew your occupat.ons y assing the winter ee you before, ere humerous— miore ally at this period, when the Connell has Deen sitting, and 80 many distinguished foreign per- sonages have also been taxing your time. CARDINAL—YoOU ate very goud to come to see me; 1em charmed to see you. Yes, I have been ver miach ea_indeed, You’ diave beou pag. ing the here; how have you liked Rome ai the season just over? Iai charmed that you Baye beeu pleased. Since the nme when, as you soy, dooms Were in ihe hubit of ending my Published despatches in Italy, you have Yea @ great War in Almerica—a very disastrous » fou imnuse have almost become én Lalit, +0 have you resided in Italy. What surprises me twat your country seems to be getting up again ‘wonderfully from the misery.in whieh 16 must hive pon! plunged by such a severe and long pana ween the North and the South end by the sul liberation of the slaves. It is indeed surpris- buttroe. You have tie advantage of possess $mmense resources. 1 suppose the South suifere the most. It must bave been rujaed when the war i ge tle over by the cable informing us that lly, but steadily, bein, Cg ge t ive, baven or eleven ions O° Wed on hi seraols cent, saupoes tuere bie Waols at huge peas re ig rae a rete 4 ng (ne sir many inauner. Under such circumstances a8 those panytog & huge War, just prices cannot be and contractors and ‘those following 1n their have the tine»t op octumity to gcow suddenly Sans CORRES PONDENT—BUt it §-iua thers bag recent! be u afforded an apbertannty ip Italy also of #4 iden forvuue, As 1 tol es now, I have travel. in search of news and to gee toe, goat a this winter over ‘the 0 oon ae gzatomeit banks seeking de; of money posits bok out the pronusé of usurious rates of t‘ercat) eatatllsBed there in such bo 1 obcuinel while there = PEEREEE =e 5ESEgee woekiy in-erest amounting to @ ten bh part of thas stu, Whea tue “bank” broke and hig caplial was poyane recovery, He had no means of redress, aud ate ved me that iter ‘was much suffering in Napls consequence of the suppression aad collapse wali the said Irresponsible instivuuoas, He furchers Wore complalued that there Was nu Work, wube wey Were leit iree to work, und cuncluded that “freedom to Work” coud not by any means bs cousuered bieau and aueat for the fest, é CaRDINAL—Yes, I am aware of all ula curious a fj. At the e people cane ty me here aud assed mé avout those banks, and 1 said un reply thet tuey Were aimply prepo.terous, absurd, How was ib possible for tue 10 accord Len or twenty or as bigh as Wuirly per cent inicrost per Month ou the deposit of money’ 1 Was simply wide, Nu corpora tion, city or state, can aiford to yrant such ratauons premiums a8 taose; no Capital or enterprise could reist agalust bFuose rates, Aud yet tiacy were lay- lsliy promised, It seemed strange Lo me tlrat people W.tD any @invunt of Common sense Could act 80 fool- istup 43 Was dove tucre., Of course tiey Were tis work of resdais, Who intended to get hold of the mou.y aud wake Om with it You fouad we weatuer very Warin at Naples? c CORRESPONDENT—NO; but I found that many con- sidered Ulal the lever prevulling there to @ sught ex- tout iad been inivuduced from Rome, while oa my return here L was informed that originated la Naples and thence was imported ere, Wiat 13 the truth about ta, climave of Romey CanpinaL—Naples must be unhealthy in some Ppari@ on accouut of detective sewerage. Here in xowe We Rave had no fever but what has been brought on by tinprudeuce among the visitors. Gar air ts very pure and nealiny, a8 you must have ob- served. ‘Tue outy ting to be guarded against bere isthe frequent and sudden emanges in tue atinos- phere during the day, and especialy towards e en- ing and mgntiali. For this purpose one ius. always take tie precaution af such BOULs Never 10 go oUt WAhuul Laying sumeriing ty protect weil the throat wud vreast. Ii this be Observed there 18 BO danger ol fever or sickuess, 4 never iall to ovserve tuis precuution aud have never becn sick; somctiues during tne great howtol suumer, When We are ali Uabie to much perspiraioa, when the Whole body 13 mivist aud con-eque.tly we feel pleasure in the open a or sitting exposed to it by opening doors and windows, 1 aways Keep them sbui, . CORRESPONDENT—Don’s You ge out to a villaggia- tura in the hot Seasonr CAKDINAL—NO, 1] uever do; I stay here all the sum- mer and Lever budge rom Rome; Lam kepe here aud can’t leave om account of aflaie Take ihe suuple measures mentioned, and Roime will be found heathy not only in June, but in Jay and August aud al the year round. here have been ag A Americans here this winter, Did you know the Minisior, Mr. Kingr He was @ very excellent ab, Air, Cass Was liere before him. Mr. King went away because tie governmeut ai Wasiing:on with drow 18 Legation, i don’s know way, (and Lere the Curdinal’s Countenauce assumed ashaie of se riousness which gave piace forthwith to a levie sinile,) though I belicve for some reason of OvBeksPONDENT—When 13 the Council to ead, M. Te Cardinal CARDINaL—Ali! 28 to that I can say nothing! i EPISCOPAL RETICENCE. This 18 the subsiance of our couversation, apart from minor rewarks, Wich need nv reco.dipg, J put the lasi question ‘more in non wed than ia seri- ousness, because 1 Knew foli wed ibe man in the moon Would have been just as likely to answer lb or give me details avout the Kcumenicai Council of 1970, “rst at the Vatican,” as tue diplomauc and reverend selgnor who sat before me. ‘here would have been the same probability of gemings 4» @ lew free questios on the score OL onary Kingdom” of ttaly and its King. tncined to betleve chat it would be an impoxeli altempt, that of inducing any cardinal of the Roman ersuasou to lay bs cards face upwi Pp ae ay 1s cans fat ards on tie but 1 feel ceria that if any such Cardinal could v6 so induced he would not siga his name “G, Vard. Antone li.” HKALIH OF THE POPE—FALLIBLE OR INPALLIBLE? ‘The Pope has been unwell for the last two or thr days. Au apoplectic attack is atways feared for bi he bs afilicted in one of his legs, Which has to be con- stantly wacched by tie doctors, otherwise the disease would extend to his head aud carry hin off la wn minute.’ time or ie3s, In this connection some =acze pontiicial telow uns ‘ined pul im circumtion we remark that now his Holiness’ taiallibuity has beea | secured, thanks to an uccopumodative Council, tie neXt thing to be done 13 to look alier and decree is immortality. In the meantime the fathers im the Coun- cil are certainly Dusy and engaged in the preparation of the canon upon iofailibi.ity for Pius 1X. and ali his successors (supposing that he will have any, which by some here Is openiy cousidered doubtful tae way tings are Working); we Row look forward to the 4un of June, Pentecost, as the day when we shall have an infalithie Yope, aud at turthest by St. Peter's Duy, dune 2a Ajver that, J am informed, that most of the fathers wiil leave Rome, while a few will remain here io the quality of & “gencral congregation,” to wind up all the little matiers under tie heading of so many “papal constitutions,’ not as dvcrees of a councu, which, with the ifallbility of the Sovereign Pontlif, will become, tpso jacio, an obsoiele Word as far as the Church of Rome is at present concerned, YACHTING. Movements of tho Fleets in EuropeA Cruise to tae ‘Kast ond Return~Launches and Baivs. (from the London Court Journal, May 14.) Oux correspondent at Cowes seuds tue following Teport wuder date of May 1a: YACHTS AMOUT THE COWES STATION. Guinevere, the Commodore; Gipsy, C. N. Mather; Pleisd, J. D. Gibb; Hesperus, FB. 1. Featon; Cham- pion, KE. N. Harvey; May Queen, 1. B. Liebert; iS a a, Vice Commodore; Ciutha, O, Breti; Marma, . O, Morice, Arvivais.—May 8, Marina, J. ©. Morice; oth, Guinevere, the Commodore; Mystery, Hon, 8. Botuell; Ceres, W, B, Yyningnam; Odalisque, bons, Mandciot; loth, Cambria, J. Ashbury; bkgeria, J. Muihollaud; Fiona, EB. Boutcher; Loadstar, C. F. Alison; 12ta, Ulatha, G. Brett. DEA Urs. —& Sir John Burgoyne, ‘Bart., for Southampton; C ria, J. Ashbuiy, ior Oowes; Fiona, ©. boutch owistar, O. F. Alison, for Boulhampton; Odalisque, Mons, Mandriot, Yachting Notes. {From the London Court Journal, May 14.) ‘The steam yacht Grifln, belonging to James Baird, Esy., of Cambusdoon, arrived in Ayr bay on Tues- Gay, alter a lengthened cruise m the Mediterrancan, 1a \he course of her voyage she touched at Gibraltar, Malia, Naples, Alexandria, Port Said, Joppa, Smyrna, Athens, Coustantinople, and other ports. Mr, Baird took & tour through Lower Kgypt, aud wurned from the Red Sea by the Suez Canal He visited Jerusalem, and other places of sacred in- toreatin the Holy Land. The yacht was at Athens & the time When the Massacte by brigands took place, We undersiand Mr. Baird and party, when’ there, had it in contemplation to pay a visit to Marathon, Sut were dissuaded from doing so. Mr, Baird and party Jeti the Grifn at Naples to retura overland. Tue Nooya, @ screw steamer of about 160 tons, is being bull! for Mr, J. T, Molson, by Messrs. Laird, of Birkenhead, ‘Tue Pantomime, schooner 140 tons, built in 1805 by Ratsey, and lengthened last year by the bow, bas been sold for £3,800 to Captain Starkey. Thursday there was lauached from the buliding yard Of Mesars. Willlain Fife & Son, Fairlie, the yacht purchased by the Marguis of Ailsa from that firm about a monthago, His lordship made the occasion @ festive oue to his servants in Culzean Castle and rounds. . His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales has fered a challenge 16 be compoted for by American @nd British yachts of 100 tons and upwards, on the iditions usually adopted in the sailing matches of Koyal Yacht 5q) mm. but subject to any modi- fication which may be considcred advisable by the Sailing Committee of the club. A meeti the inembers of the squadron is to be held to-day, and the course, distance and date of saillug will be made known as soon after as possible, Her Majesty has been pleased to present @ cup, to be salied for at the Royal Southern Yacht Clud regatta, on Tuesday, July 1% YACHTS FITTING OUT AT LEAMINGTON, Beatrix, the ari of Durham; Cecil, Colonel Mark- bam; Dream, Mr, Eikington; Fenella, Mr. Nichoison; Free Lance, Uaptain Crax; Heather Bell, Mr. Clay+ ton; Mirage, the Marquisof Ormonde; Myth, Mr. Kinuaird; Marilla, Mr, Chatterton; Shark, tue Duke of Ratiaud, and St. Ursula, Mr. A. Kinnaird, a ROYAL ALBERT YACHT OLUB. ‘The regatta of this flourishing club has been fixed for the third week 1 Augast, and will, as far as we can ascertain, contain the folowing races:—An occ&n race for @ cup of the value of 100 guineas, pre- sentes by two members of the club; a schooner race for aoup presented by Count EB. Batthyany, of the value of tity pw aa, the Albert cup, value filty uaieas; the Viee Commodore's cup tor email cut. Ts, Gnd the ladies’ prize for 4 Corinthian Watch. THB ‘DARIEN EXPEDITION, Latest from the Explorers in the Plenty of ‘Work Pushing oa ghee Gailors satay 12,1810. ‘Ismay bo "Will not fairly ‘set in until Jyly, but nineteen days since our arrival of the time has been loston account of atiful th to give us @ vivid idea of what @eason must be ‘when the plug ts wholly taken gut.” Even the Nipsic went to Aspin ling several of the ofiicers @ chance to make @ speedier and more agrecable transit of the isthmus than they will probably enjoy by any other routs than that of the Panama Rail- - the heavens had opened widely and poured “floods of rain. Qn one occasion the Guard caugat 2/100 gallons in ope hour anc twenty minutes. - Nevertheless; yon the work of the = jon, py a ” haye been faithfully 80 as itself bas allowed. For instance, "occa ch ot ug showers, no less than four of telegraph wire weré’putup. And, pot anding®all obstacles, the surveying , undercommand of Lieutenant Hitchoock, of ipeic, Ras»persisted in its.explo- ration of the inga river and its mouths or delta, until it has penetrated twelve miles inlund, or 81x miles and.a half in a direct from ‘the shore. Tats party 1s now advancing aioug tie left fork of the river, which fork 1s called Samgundi by tho In- dians, ‘Tho Nicatagda river had been explored with the. plane table and accurately mapped for nine miles from its mouth, the Ses rty bi now five miles disiant from the beach iu a direct line. The Samgandi ant sha Mioalagia. both bead.in.the direction of tie San J @ Wibutary of the Mamoni, which flows tuto the Bayano or Chepo. flow high the-ources of the San José may be remains to be ined. Tere is, in fact, no part of tue jenna at which so litle definive in ‘ormation La thefty acquire, altiough there ts strong m to believe (hat the short st route across the isthmus) Will prove to be that tie) the head a ie peel of San Fise ne 8 of the Bayano, emptyiug tuto the'Bay of Panama. ‘Therefore ‘Adinival Pavia, m his*«geporton Luteroceauic and Raitroads Between the Atlautlc. and .. Pacific Oceans,” urgently recommended that a thorough exami .aion for a pass should be made the™so-c.lled “Kelly route,” with a seven mile tunnel, sh uid be considered the only feasipie. route in this locality. 1m 84d.tion to tho Work of the surveying partes in the iuterion the astrouomical, topographical and bearcaceniscas work requisite for the construciion ofacomplete chart of the head of the Guil of San Bias as the possibie harbor of an Interoceauic canal, is steadily going on, Mr. Morman’s observatory was erected on the very day of our arrival. Tne exact latiiude and longitude of au asiromonical station las been obtained (latitude 9 30 6, lougi- tude 792 13), @ base has becn red, the triai- gulation: has been executed with theodolit:, tie shore ling has been ermine’ With the plane table and sextant, and upwards of 100 miles of Boundin, bave been taken by joa from the Guard. almost (and de. parti Fp a pe Wwearkig out me @ Oillcers jad worn rid atready tet pairs Of boots and hives. Some of ‘the ofiicers, ips, can afford such extravagint tte men ate geting deeply a dab. for clothes ‘at e en, 08 must be paid for out of their meagre wages. Might not the United States government make “craw- backs” en on the mulions grabved and squau- dered by “tog politicians” to secure for tie sailors Quod marines of tie Darien Expedition at leas: wire months’ extra pvy as a set-off against their un- avoliable extra expenses? Farther Particulars of the Expedition—Twelvo Miles Inland | Sarveyed—The Mountain Spurs Reached—Miscellancous Intelligence. The following additional particulars have been re- celved.of the progress made by the expedition in surveying the route from the Gulf of San Bias to the Bayamo river >— ‘The work of survey had progressed twelve miles inland from the Bay of San bias, at which distance tife first mountain ‘spurs proper were reached, iho Inighest elevation passed being 112 feet. progress of the survey was impeded by heavy rains, Which sweiled the streams to torrents. . ‘The weatiler was exceedingly hot during the daytime. The work of surveying the Bay of San Bins was Bommpfeted by the time the expedition was ready ¥6 sail ior hoine, ‘The Nipsic arrived from Aspinwall at noon on the Sth inst., bringing the New York mail of April 21, and a Oi ice and fresh provisions, ‘The sick list of the Guard numbered eight per- fons. ‘Turce officers at the fiont, with the survey, Ing party, were sick with fever unl ague. the rest ot tue expedion were tn good hea'th. ‘Tue expedition wil 801 for home about the 27th Of the presout mouth unless the preseut intention is chauged. JAMAICA The Cable Telegraph to Cuba~Preparations for Its Laying—The Line to be in Ope- ration Early in Jane—T'wo Murderers Con- victed=Coolie Emigration. i KINGSTON, May 5, 1870, The Bunited States steamer-of-war Yantic came into port on the 3d inst., from Havana aud Sdnil- ago de Cuba, with Sir Cnarles Bright and other om- cera of the West India and Panama Telegrapa Company, to make preparatory arrangements for the laying of the cables which are to unite the West Indies and Panama with Europe and America, ‘The British ship Millicente arrived here on the 20th ult. with a large portion of the cable. The steamer Suf- folk, with more cable and the grappling apparatus of Sir Charles Bright, ts expected from Loadon via New York on the 17th, The sieamer Dacia, with a largo quantity of cable and electrical apparatus, Was ‘0 leave London tor this port on the 2d inst., but on her way lither she wil stop at St. Ihomas to em- bark Sit Charles Sright, who will come on i her io Jamaica. Tie Dacia will be followed by the steamer ‘Titian early in May, and the Br.tish slip Bouaven- ture has sailed already, By the British packet due here on the 21st inst. we wul bave tweive English operaiors, selected irom the priuctpal telegraph oilices, anda number of station masters aud signal men will foliow by the British mail packet on the 5th of June, to be drafted off to the various Islands as thoy are required. Sir Charles Bright leaves thisia the British mail packet Seine for St. Thomas, and he is of opinion that tie cable hetween this island « Havana, connecting with New York and Europe, will be la complete operation by the tirst or second week in June, The widow and cliildven of the late Sir, Aikman (crown solicitor) have recovered 446,000 damayes trom the Jamaica Railway Company as compensa- tion for Mr. Aikman’s death, which Was occasioned by @ calamitous coliston, the, result of mismumage- ment and extreme negle: ‘Two biack men, both Atricans, were convicted be- fore Sir John Lucie Smiih and a jwry of having mur- dered a fellow countryman, whoni they siot in ihe back, and afterwards scuoped out his brains, which they mixed with rum and drank, and thea buried the body, These two men were sentenced to death, and will be executed in Spanish Town in afew days. The British steamer Suffolk, wiich is expected bere with the submarine cable, will remain on this station to visit the islands and repair tie cables when necessary. Her headquariers wil. be Kingston, She is commanded by an ollicer who did much of the intercolontal service when he was in Charge of oue of the mail company’s steamers, Mr. W. M. Anderson, the Jamaiea Agent of Bmi- gration, resident in Caloutta, has arrived here on six months’ leave of absence. Mr. Anderson has re- ceived the Congratulations of the Governor and the colonists for the very sdmirable inanner in which he has supplied immigrants for the Jamaica pianta- t.ons, by which the colony saved an immense amount of money. Mr. Anderson will retarn to India in & Tow months time, and we understand 300 cooles are required to suppiy the Immediate demand, THE JERSEY EXPRESS WAX, The Redoubtable Jubilee Jim, Jr, and the Jersey zee. James Fisk, Jr., and Augustus (Gas) Fuller, of the Erie Railway, presented themselves before the Pat- erson (N. J.) courts yesterday to plead to an indict ment found against them by the last Grand Jury for alleged {liegal freight charges, &c. They gave bail for their appearance. Mr, .Fisk also re- newed his bail on a previous indictment ‘for “fraud and conspiracy” in counection wih the locomotive express business, the particu. lars of which were given in tie HERALD some months ago This affair will be set> tled, {t is whispered, by a withdrawal of the suit by the complainants, The last iucictinent, against Mosera, Fisk and Faller, ia the result of the opposition of the old defunct express companies agaiust ie Fuller Express. The coaneciion of the latter with the Erte enabled them to transport freight at almost hali the prices asked by the old companies, Which ‘were kept up by combination. The public joined the old expressmen at fr-t, but, finding itsomewhat piea- sant W pay less expressage and have wore spending nioney, they soon patronized the Fuller line, autil ali the old express companies gave up tue ghost except two. ‘the vindictiveness thus engendered has reached now the indictment; but the fight will amount to nothing, as there 1s now no oue remain ing tn the field aguinst them but the old expressmen themscives—aud the lawyerd, | CENTRAL AMERICA. A Successful. Revolution in Costa Rica. President Jimenes Deposed and s New Govern- ment Established—Trouble Feared in Hon- duras and San Balvador—Affairs in Colom- bia—Cable Lines Between the Isthmus and Jamaioa—Gonoral Intelligonoe. Panama, May 17, 1870. ‘The steamship Montane from San Francisco ar- rived here this morning. She touched at Guatemala and from there brings late and important news from the other Central American republics. ‘ COSTA RICA, A revolution broke out in San José, the capital of ‘Costa Rica, on the morning of the 27th of April, and regulted in the overthrow of President Jesus Jim- enez and the establishment of 9 new government, with Dr. Bruno Carranz@ at its head. . ‘The government of Jimenez, which’has just been broken up, Was ingtalied by a revolution @ little over @ year ago, when Dr. Castro, the then constitu- tional President, and aman of broad and liberal views, was deposed. Jimenez’s rule bas aiways been unpopular, and since ‘hls accession to'‘power the repuviic has been in a siate of constant aneas\- ness Several unsuccessful attempts at revolution had occ No confidence was felt in the man, and the couctry, Which a few years before Was most prosperous, began to decline rapidly, 1t was there- tore determined to get rid of U obnoxious gevern- Iuent and of the privstiy 1ifuence which controtied fi. A. plot to accomplish this was weil planned and aby carried out by \eading men of tie coun- tra- The plan was, first, to get possession of the two barcacks 1a which the troops ‘were quartered, and after to arrest the members of tie government. Th: Lormer wa3 the most diMcult a8 the barracks were closely guaran’ and all lngress and egress prohibited excepting to those well known and Connected With the Ostublishment. It was customary ior some carts, loaded with grasa for the supply of horses within, to eater every day. On the moruing of the 27th of April these cara came aa usual and passed the sentry without any suspicion. reaching the patio, or court yard, nine men armed With revolvers, at a signal from the driver, jumped from under the grass, rusned upon the guard and killed ihe odicer in command gad every man wno ©; posed them. Thoy then proceeded to the quarters oi the commander, Biscubi, ‘The fist Man who enteed was siiot by Biseubl, but the o:hors following closely fred on tie commander and biew his ‘brains out. Tho revolutiontate were s00n largely reinforced and took full poss-ssion of the barracks, wich Was that Of the arilery, A force Was at once deajatcued to the infantry bar- racks, which they took possession of also, afier firing only a few shots. ‘The person of President Jimenez was next secured, and the new goverament wasinstalled. Jn the afternoon Santiago Millet, of Carthage, ap- peared before the capital with @ force of men, vo ihe relief of the government; but ho was noll- fed that tie captive President would be put to death iumediateiy if une cily was attacked, Jimenez tien ordered Millet and his meu to lay down their arms, which they did. Qn the following day the Presideut and ail the prisoners taken Were set at iiberty, and everyting has siuce gone on quietly, The chief of the movemegt was Colonel Towns Guardia, assisted by some young men of the capilul, among whom Ho- racio Oairuza and Victor Guardia were prominent. ‘dhe new government is as fo.iows:— Presideni—Dr. Bruno Carranza. Commander-tn-Ciiey—Guardia. Secretary of State—Lorenzo Montufar. It 3 believed the new state of affairs will give more general satisfaction than the old, aad it is sin- cerely hoped it may. In Sun Salvader it was feared a revolution would break out against the government. “Don Borja Bustamente Was suspected of being connected with the movement, and was obliged to flee the country. HONDURAS. Trouble seems to .be brewiog tn Honduras also. At Amapia several arrests had Leen made and sume fifty persons, natives of Nicaragua, were compelied to leave the State, MISORLLANEOUS, The telegraph line from La Libertad to the capital of Sa!vador ts completed an. in working order, From Guatemala there 8 nothing of Luiterest by this arrival, The republic ts at peave. COLOMBIA. The Canal Question—Condition of ‘Affairs fa tho State of Panama—Tbe Railroad and Steamship Projects—Telegrap Connections Miscelinneous Items. PanaMA, May 17, 1870, Since my last communication, that of the 7th inst., V2 OW hvu mere Mave voCK MY UETTVeIS ITO Central or South America or matis from the interior of this republic, There is, therefore, nothing but local news to forward to-day. The steamer from Central America, usually due on the 16th, .13 not ex- pected till the 1vth, and the English steamer, with Bbosoi.a mats to 1st inst., via Buenaventura, is not Likely to get in before to-morrow evening. Nothing further has beea received here from Hogota as to the action of Congress on the canal treaty, nor is there anything of interest from the surveying expedition. Tae Nipsic left Galedonta Bay for San Blas on tho 4th inst, and from a private letter of her commander I learn would likely remain there till the end oi this month, at which time he expected to have the San Blass uryey completed. The Nyack, Captain Eastman, arrived ti this port on the Mth inst, and returned again last even.ng to the mouth of the Bayatno river, about thirty miles irom here, to await the arrival of the Pacitic party. Tie Nyack visited Panama forthe purpose of sendin; home some dbs Br r twaged and to take coal ane Hees The crists thiough wh ch this {isthmus ts at present, passing gives rise to much tak and conjec ure as to the juture. Panama is wholly dependent upon her transit. The Pacific Railroad bas dive:te i iuch of our business, sud the efiecis of the line from the south coast to Liverpool, througa the Straits of Magellan, «re still more severely .eit, ‘he business OL ine Wanslt 18 not & quarter of What it wasa couple of years ago. How to attract back to the Istimus this lost trade is now the question. A re- cuction of rates by the railroad is taixed of, and it is asserted most —postiively that another line, Aincrican, from Panama to Valparaiso, in op- fc to the present Coastline of the Pacitic Sicam avigution COMpany, Who also Own the Straits Lie, will be starved im counection wil ihe Panama Rail road Compacy aud the steamship lines plying be- tween Aspinwall and Europe. Tae subject has al ready been brought beiore the different compan! who have snfferea by the opening of ‘he Straits line, aud bas Leen javorably enreriuimed by all, and the name of Dir, Willam H. Webbis meniioned as the person likely to carry the scheme through. If the Une 13 properly estavil-heg, with suiiable ships, eul- cient officers aud competent managers, It WLI prove to be & great success, bul no ordinary efort will avail The Pactue Steam Navigauon Company has had thirty years’ experieace Ou this coast, has an abie manager at Culiao, and probably the finest feet of steamers and tle best adapied to the irade in which they are engaged of any line in existence, Now thatthe differeut com. panies interestea in (he isthmus transit see the ne- cessity of rousing to soine action it is to be hoped that Panama has experenced aiready her niost se- vere trials in the Way of hard times, and that they will succeed In recovering @ good portion of the business Which in more prosperous days they care- les-iy let go, ‘The couumencement of work on. ine canal is yet apparently tov lar in tue Luture to afford muuch hove. Advices received from Jamaica by last steamer are .to the efiect that Sir Charies Brigit had arrived at P line & all to Aspinwatl Kingston and was making preliminary arrange- ments for the laying of the cabie Which 18 (0 councct this isthmus withthe West Indies, -A correspond. ent says:—‘Some doubt exists as to the laying of the The United Staies of Co- lombia, 1 appears, have passed a law by wiich any telegraph company working in that country is to pay live per cont upon its net receip's to the State,” ‘The law abow referred to was antiuiled, and another passed instead in March last, which only exacts that governinent messages should be transmitted iree, ‘rhe law is as follows: LAW witon avTnoRtz PERMIT TELUORAPHIO OOMMUNIOATION OF THE TPURI- TORY OF THE ERPOBLIO WiEH OTHBR NATIONS. ‘The Congreas of the United States of Colombia decre Art. 1, Authorizes the kxecutive power to coucere pernia- sion to-any company or person who solicits it to establish on the coasts of the republic tie extremity of suvmaring telegraphic ats the ‘Telegraphic in the national territory rererred to i the precoding jarticle are reputed as of ubile wulity, consequently wil be tree from, all classes of «las weil as State, Art. 8, In cave of foreli companies cannot operate Of the political authoritios. Att. 4. The law of the zth of July, 1870, whieh authorized war, or internal revolt, telegraphic without being wader the vigilauce the skecutive power to permit teegraphic communication will othor uations fs herevy declared abolished, Given 10 bogota the lat of March, 1870, The same correspondent says that for tha reason referred to the cable intended jor Aspinwall will be used for part Of the extension irom Demerara dowa the east Coast of South America to Rio Janeivo, On the managers becoming aware of the new law in ex- istence (ie orlgiual pin of covnecting with Aspin- ‘Wail first will no doubt be carried out, A very severe squall, of short duration, was expe- rienced at Aspinwalion the afternoon of the wih inst. It lasted only a few minutes, bat during that xe 21)Schooner|P. F. Brady. time voaused con tderable damge to the roois 2 May St\Sehooner| I’ ¥, Brady. seve! uildings, The ing in port seems 1S AB bse sat aed PhlM y have escaped uainjurea® em PO Se Sanat Re Roanoke, Gur forougn Provestant church is Ukely soon again | Say 3 (Propeller ce to ieel the Want of @ minister. ‘The Kev. Mr. 1. | May %)|schooner| 0. who came out here irom the States only u few ay 24/CanaMot. ingatord. . months ago to take charge, ts, I aun sorsy tO gay, | May HlStoop.ve:|Busan Blidevenss- Bal Ingtou from the 136i nA, ou s-amahtp rons to bogoie. : Armcrioa in your issue of April 28, contains the fol- “United States Consal We Panama, has umbeif into trouble, He Sid with. Pouma-ter regarding ‘he delivery of malis for the Ce ae eae iw in tie ment ase ne tote paracrape. ‘Consul Well, of The yapl should have read Pi dag Sager of Panama, THE CUSTOMS CARTAGE. Hew tho Old System Operated=Semo of the Barefaced Swindles of Importere—Tricks of Trade and Tradere—The New System—Ite Advantages and Safeguards. A variety of conflicting statements have appeared from time to time in the columns of the duily jour- nala Am regard to the new system of cartage of customs goods adopted by Collector Grinnell, and that the readers of tho HeBaLp may fully under- stand the Workugsof the new bureau the following, complied from oMicial sourcos, is inserted: — Under the old plan of cartage the merchant and importer were’ permitted to carry their goods in bond, and from this fact alone a thousand abuses were born. The luspector, discharging w vessel, de- gignated the cart to carry sample ki to the pyr in inany Deis B in tran- appraiser's store, an sue between the wharf aad the piace where ihe valuation waa ed have been chai 5 aud, us exauiples, & cask of wine, Worth five dollars per gal- lon, would Jali uader the manipulation of interes'ed fase aud a wine pump, and an inferior quality of hat yr forced The valuation of the balance the wine on ee in ship would be fixea at the of the: infert low rate lor wine ly appraised. Cnoice silks, veivels, satins und corsets buve becn changed for 1 en, and the government de- bt vhs the jonest inspector correspondingly eni 6 Notwithstandin s tne tact that ine govera- meut bas 9 ilen upon dutiable is the ‘onicers of the Reveaue Depariment surrendered paci 3 to any cariman pee @ p-Tmit, an a3 00 record Wis made of cart or draymun if fraud occurred the gallty could nut be found. A number of : sroniaakip lines, who:e nts were not chizeus of the United States, employed car's and greys, and the inspectors disciarging their ships woul give loads to such carts aud drays as the interests would prompt—tie goods, perhapa, that according to law were noi to pass irom ihe custody oi the offloals of the United St\tes unti) the duties were patd, The prices cuarzed by cartmen to the goverament ior ckuges taken to tie pubilo store amounted to ifty-viuree cents per load i yet, by an understandiug bevweeu the appratsers’ office and the inspectors, cartmen charged cach pickase as a load, tractors under the old sysem were under $6,000 bonds—an amount often a more baguielie to the vuiue of their loads—aud under this bond any num. ber of caris could de employed, To the merchant and tmporter thej cou\ractors used a sl scale of prices, varied to sult ther customer, Under the old system the front of the dray. was to be marked “Custom House license,” &c. Ila many cases the tnseription was marsed_ on cart fronts with @ piece of chaik or lampbiack, Or perhaps a board, easily removed and loaned fromone cartman to an- other. Liceuses tn amount bore no proportion to the foods often curri aad sin many istances carts would still retain their Custom House guarantee long after ihe bond of the license had expired. Coi- iector Grinueli determined to reform tuts scandal upon the revenue servic2, and, after mature deliber- atiun, concluded upon the following system:— THE NEW SYSTEM. The collection district of New York was subdivided into elght cartage districts, and jor eacn district there should ve @ contractor Who should give bods to the amount of $50,000 for the faithful performance of bis Contract to cart customs goods, and each cart employed should be bomded in the suim of $6,000, ‘Mr. Grinnell received upwards of on2 hundved bids for the eight coniracis, “Ail I rejuire,’’ suid the Collector, ‘is that the contracting parties shall nave loyal records, capacity fr tue work and means to carry it on.’ Witi sirict ti partiality the contracts were awarded, the prices per load were iixed and upliorm—iirty per ceub leas than the old rates to the government and thiriy- three per cent less to the merchant and importer; and the load was also fixed at 1,200 pounds, jor witch the contactors receive Bfy cenis for the first hat! mile aud sixieen couts ior each additioual half mile, and are noi permitied to charge move. Lhe contiaciors at their urst meeth elected a general ageut of cartage, and to him all matiers connecied with the customs cartage are a- ferred, subject to an appea. to the Coliector. By the new sysiem mone but bonded caris are per- mitted to ride. duitabie ds, aud a record is on file at the oiice the bureau of every package carried by the licensed cartmen. ‘Tho receipt given by the the draymana lo tie inspector is alvo ilied, and With the check vu. the sivrekveper Who ceived the goods in the public store jorms a com: Prove chain, and 1f misdemeanors occur the Vollector can at once determine the guilty party. ‘The bureau avords facility tu merchants aud others to ascertain tie whereabouts of missent packages, the receipts on file at once locating It. Tue ioliowing exili pe wilt more fully explain the tems of the aut . iu March, 1008, un ler tie od syatem, 15,0°6 pack- ages were tuken to the pubHe store, ior wh the government paid $7,441. In March of ths year, and under the noW ays.em, 16,346 packages cariied, 14 $0,725—bemy 1,270 ue public storé-than in for which the government ackages more carted to Rlarett of last Year, und at a reduction in expense of $1,215. The sum of five cents per package srom loads to the public siore is paid into the Uariage Bureau. in February there were 14,493 packages carried to the public siore; March, 16,346, dad in April, 17,933, It Wil be seen vy tne ove thai the new system is ail Vhat is Claimed for tt by Mr. Grinnell, and by it, if in the hands Of responstbie persous, the means of saving .arge amoun’s a@unnally to the government and the merchaut and the importer. In ie service Oi the bureau area number of clerks, agents and others, and the aggregate amount reveived by the bureau for lis support from contracio.s and mer. cua@ut cartmen, from February 1 to April 1, is $6,269, or about $30,000 per annum. The Collector vases kis authority on the Ware- housing law of August 6, 1546, which declares that the Collector shall take possession of duuable gooas and lodge Wem m the public stoves until the duties shall have beowt paid, The private bonded ware- housing law of March 428, %664, exiends the provisions of this jaw, providea merely for private bonded Warehouses Under eXistung laws @nd does noi alter or abridge the power of the Collector in the premises, The Collector during lis administration “has fustitated @ number of re- forms, broke Up Couutiess rlags of piunderers, 60 long esiabliahed Ula! the parucipants vegan to look upon the r-silts of their frand as (ue legitiiaate fees of thelr offle-s, ‘The Cartaga Bureau his met with general favor, save wiih large houses, who, owning tueir horses and drays, einploy tiew drayuien by te week or month, aad disappointed bidders lor con- tracts, MUSWAL AD THEATRICAL Signori Lefranc and Regna are engaged for tho great Beethoven festival, which commences at the American Institute Coliseum on June 18, The con- ductors are Carl Bergmann, George F. Bristow aad Patrick 8. Gilmore. Tne Central Park Garden concerts, under the dl- rection of Theodore Thomas, are crowded every night. Matilda Heron, the representative tragéatenné of the American stage, Wil appear at Miss Jennie Wil- more’s benefit at the Academy of Music to-imerrow evening. George Bristow’s juvenile Beethoven festival com- mences at Steiaway Hail June 16, “Pernande,” the last reigning sensation in Paris, will be produced ut the Fit Avenue on June 7. It is one of Sardou's best and most emouonal plays, dealing with masterly sktll with tho coufiicting pus- sions Of Jove, jealousy, remorse, philanthropy, hypo- origy and hate. As a paotograph of ihe huutan ears it far stronger aud more effective than even “Frou-Frou,” Colonel , Allston srown’s benefit at the Academy on Tuesday next will be a stupendous aifair, Over one hundred volunteers will appcar, and Lotta will take her /arewell of America on the same occasion, Dan bryant’s beuelit copies oi at the same thea+ tre june 2. A foreign letter tells us: that Janausenek will sail from Kurope for New York avout the middie of June, She lately received a brilliantly promising proposal that she should periori at Berlin and at Bigs during the sojourn at thuse places of the Emperor of Russia, the King of Prussia aud other royal and tremendous personages; aud this proposal we_are assured that sue declined tn order that she might pursue undis- turbed her stu ites for the American stage, Ata piace,of amusement in Indianapolis the other night a litte girl actress sang “Little Barejoot” in costume, Such was tue effect on the audience that at the repetition of “Please, sli, give me a penny, sir,” it fairly rained nickels ov the stage, At least two douacs’ Worth were ihrowa. Mario's reception at Covent Garden, on occasion of iis first appearance tis season with Adelina Patti in ihe “Harbiere,”’ Was an immense ovation. Christine Nilsson, the queen Of the operatic stage, took the London pubtic by storm at her Jast appear- ance at Drury Lane, a8 Alice, In “Roverto.”? Ali the papers regret her approaching departure for Ameri- ca, Stating that there is no one ia Hurope worthy to replace bet. dir, Charies Werner, thé renowned violonceliist, gives a grand farewell maiuee at Lyric Hall on davurday, NOTES, "MANINE. TOANFERS, The following is a complete list of marine wans+ fers from May 20 to May 24:— Clase, ¥ Schooner Johns... Mrs, Woodhull’s Latest Epistle to the Amerie cans—‘The Limits and Sphere of Gov. In‘ the following communication Mrs, Woodhull, whose former essays on poiitical matters have boom published in the HERALD, considers the question of government with special reference to the system under which we live in the United States:— Having in “The Tendencies of Government” traced the rise and fall of nations, and found that from €arlivst historic time to the present there has been @ continual grasping for universal power, and a com stant failure to maintain the extent of control actu, ally reached; that the systems through which unt versal control was sought were too imperfect te admit of support for any great length of time over an extended area of country; that the general order of the world seems to indicate that universal govera- ment will become a fact, and that the United States shall be the seat of such governmental power, we now come to consider what controla government must be invested with in order that it shall at all times meet the demands of the peonle and the times, aud therefore be continuous while becoming versal. m It 18 predicated that government exists by the con- sent of the governed, While thia is nominally true it virtually contains but an undeveloped germ of trath, In no country as yet does the government exist by the consent of the governed. In this country lease of all does it apply, though superficially it may not 80 appear. ‘ Government 1s universal. All things in all the various kingdoms of nature are the objecis of gov- erning laws which form th: subjective order of the Universe. In ail natural government the re‘a'ions between the governing powerand the powers gov- erned are ‘always well deflaed, while the require ments of the governed are aways mot by requalte modes of administration, Each coming demand falis into some common method of ceiug answered. Thus, in the greatest conceivabie diversity of condiituns are found the fewest and simplest laws of control. Rising from purely mate. riat to the more refined powers of mind, represented only in the human, & new phase of development springs up. Being an individualized power within itself the human family represents the divine power that controls the whole, and in this relation fashions its goveraments according to the limtta- tions of its acquired standard of wisdom, which must always necessarily be imperfect in comparison with the common laws of the untverse in the same proportion as human wisdom Is imperfect when com- pared with divine wisdom. Tue world of mind has how arrived at an age and corresponding develop- ment which begins to comprehend the general laws of the universe and to understand their great simplicity and perfect adaptation to all things under them. Seeing that such @ per- fect system of government exists tiroughout the universe of matter, tue inquiry is beginmiug to be earnestly made wh, tee Gaiverso of niad caanoe be controled by equally simple aad general lawa and systems. 0. administration. Seeig tiat changes are never necessary in the commoa uaty.rsui awe, the inquiry 1 also beginning to be made why the laws that govern socio.y cannot be so fashioned after the iaws Of nature as not to require tha con- stant remodelkng now nece sary whea oii come 1n the-circuinstauces required to be met. ‘The solution of the dulicuity in wiica tue miud becomes iuvolved when oon-idering thee most serious (ues tons seems reduced to « single proposition—thas ali tries, diiiculues and controversies regard ing government aod iis acdmiuisuravion ar.se from the fact that the goveruing power is Dob but eccngd im 1a oj toat tue eré goverued are no to a common wot coniro!. This is sul. more elearly perceptivie if the question of “rese:ved rizhts” On the part of any of the ,overned is con- sidered, No touividual can base a res-rvauion bab militates against the yeneral we fare of otuers,.or the whole, without specitic laws .o sustala M i in ih Ir no individual can have sach special resorvation, a6 bund. r of individ vais less than th, Wuoie van have ations without specitic proection. Tucretore , Cuun'y, Stave, or numoer of them less thin all counties States furmiig a*con- solidated union, can hod 1m reser any. rights or privileges that do not contribute ~ to the general weliare of the whole withoug sooner or later comisg into coniict regardiag foreit log cally vad eilectually.refuvca Dy tt? laus fe. y in A i suet SSooorrenons be eyu: welt reiut before permanent peace, harmouy pro End fren Wo tow {roa goverument t re) peFinuneat. thay and. sophically consiiered goverment exists for a of all the goverued, in which tn- ividual rights and priviieges can free justice without conflict. All systema upon @ less comprehensive basis tian this must eventually be swept way. Ail paris of systems that conflo. with . the general fundamectal propositions in wuich they were reared musi be expunged tucrefrom, so that ad- isuation cad be in perivet huriony with profes- s.0n be ore it wl ve possib.e tor geueral good te dow fron admmnistrativa. The fundimenta: propo attions upou which this goverum'nt piofe-ses to rest~that all men and women sre vorn free and equal and entitled to the inalienable rzhis oF fe, liberty aod the pursuit of happiness —are in accord ance with the general order of ihe wiiverse below man, and are therefore of the highest possible au- thority, That all are bora ire is a propo- sition nO one can quesiton; bub ihis freedom is general to all, and does not refor to the juat hor enttie Lim or ber to push bis freedom 80 as Lo encroaca upon the same ireeiom guaranteed to every otver individual, There ove individual freedom is meryed in and isa part of gene:ai frce- dom, ‘That ali meu and women are born equal is @noher strictly pallesen tie proposition that cam never be refuied by the poucurrent sctentide truth that no two of the whole are born a'ike in every par- ticular. Eqnaltty ina phiosepiic sense doés not imply simianity, nor even jike. 83; one tung may be equal to \nother or a number OF otgers and sali be unlike them all. A pound of feathers is to @ pound of lead, but the jead does not resembie the feathers ta any respect: hence equatity: does not presupnove. iikeuess. The pursuit of hap piness is an additional common right, naturally re- suitug from freedom and equality, and which’ cam be prosecuted im any direeion that dves not inter- fexo with the generai pursait of 16 on ihe part of the Whole. Frou (hia wee of mherent rights 16 would seem that iv should be ihe sphere of povern- ment to lmaintain 6 freeiom aad equality, and thus guaionice to ail aad every the parauit of happiness, and to protect them theorem; and, co- relative:y,tiat thol.mits of government should be noihing je33 than the curcle that will permit such jJather.y—such motherly—coutiol. Jt will scarce'y be questioued by those who accept the evolutiun of government as a common jaw that tie government Of this country, a8 w system, comes nearer being exponent of philosophic limit and sphere than that of any oiler country, théugh it just be confessed that the practices under it belie its fundamental prueiples. So much 13 this true, that, while it 1s safe to assert of the sysieu that 1t is the best of all, scarcely one can be named wherein 80 great distincuons Obtain vetween tue intentions of the system and the effects. obtained by tis ne, OF suvserviea’ administration, ‘fais follows because, having asserted fundamental principles of freedom and justice, tie limes of policy pursued have not been shaped by them. ‘Tue principles have been jost sigat of in tae pursuit of pany and personal or sectional policies, 80 that the re 48 DO longer an exponent of principles, put rather of the persons, parlies or sections wae have raised themsecives aveve principles as author ties; henes the governwent hat lintiations put apo the operafons of its Her av and becomes thereby * incousisieftt within {tai ALL the corrapt practices that are prevalent in the various parts oi the gov- erning process ate possible only because the profes sions and practices Of government are notin har- mony. The proiessions of goverpment reate to principles; tie praciices vo is Jimiis and sphere. Therefore, wi the present article, ‘the practices wilt be deait with. dealt with them it will come within the intended limits examine the Be by waich government 18 ad- ministered and to determine what movements within the body of society should be under tts gene rai control, tt ali ita movements. may be made 10 hirmonious accord, Were any other brauch of gov- eroment than that relating to society being ex- ammed its limits aud sphere would be found so platoly determined there would be no possibility of apparent Ore oad yd by the governing control from toem; for in all these the divine power is that control, and cousequently Is periect. In sodicty the divine pore though the controliing eiemeat, is maintaized over human minds, which are inte and imperfect representatives of the divine power, and are thereby uicompetent to 60 arrange and order subservient circumstances that harmony sliail be the only resuit of the combinations formed to secure consecutive order, ‘The government of this country 1s seiected Jor analyst: cause, AS @ System, it ia tue latest production of the social order of things, and, consequently, tue lughest in the scale of evolu tion. It represents a greater “coherent hetero- gemiy" tn Lis construction than any other, and iva “conatituent units are mure ‘distinctly incl viduated,” whica genonstrates that it ia the hignest order of ‘goverment yet attained on the globe. ‘The fault im its construction is tiat the powers of the constituent units are not-har- related to the central power, nor to each outer, discord being the natural Consequence of such Inequality, ‘Thowst ‘the constituent is of societ fre ii (ueinselves lmperiect, ele re.ations. to other and to the governing Pathe may be 80 well dé. fined and regulated that thetr imperfections shall not Lave power (o mar the harmony of action pro~ ceeding from the aiag power, And tis 18 the int Which Is sougat, Pout WHOTORIA C. WOODHULL. 44 Broad street,