The New York Herald Newspaper, April 27, 1870, Page 7

THB GRAND BOULEVARD. Urmamental New York Above Fifty- ninth Street. Only Central Park on a Mag- nificent Scale. — Who Beginning, Roadways, Sidewalks, Dimen- sions, Grading, t, Ornamenta- tion, Direction and Beauty of the Broad Boulevard. Its Piping, Sewerage and Pres- : ent Condition. Collateral Improvements at Washington Heights and Vicinity. When the historian sits down to write of the im- provements upon this island as they will exist in 1900 his task will be very different from that of the chroni- ler of to-day. Let the mind go forward to the be- of the wwentj entury, Then there will g Hid rocky wastes, Hh re, useless hills de pestiferous ponds vpon that rugged area lying to the northward of Fifty-ninth street. This vast section, now in a transition state, by that time will have been worked, levelled, graded and embellished into a beau- tiful city, with broad drives, handsome and capacious Mansions, furnished with gas and water and finished with a Juxuriance and elegance that will advance the festhetic in architecture and landscape gardening. Scenes of bewildering beauty, picturesque grandeur and tasteful ornamentation will rise up on every Rand, and amid such enchanting surroundings there will be quiet and repose. To accomplish such &@ wonderful transformation let us see what is given, what are the conditions and the prospects of their being observed. Above Fifty-ninth street, Manhattan Island, lying between the Hudson on the west and the Bast river on the east, with the Harlem river and Spuyten Duyvil creek on the north, isin every way suited for the habitation of a large population, where the houses need not be cramped brown stone ovens or refrigerators—according to the season—but comfortable, light, airy structures of architectural pretension, with nicely grassed grounds, green lawns, pretty Mower beds, greenhouses, graperies, conserva- tories, stables, groves, dove cots, dog kennels and all the manifold appurtenances of a true country gentleman, who likes living better than dying. But THE RAST SIDE, that is, all that portion of the istand above Fifty-ninth street lying to the eastward of Fifth avenue, has already been appropriated and can hardly ever hope for a better future than the present status of Harlem and Yorkville. It seems that the east side has always ‘been rather below par. This probably has come from the configuration of the island, the ready adap- tation of the avenues to straight lines and perfect grading, the energy of the managers of street and steam railroads; steam oats, cheap homesteads and high rents inthe city. The west side is very differ- ent. People seck it for luxury; the east side for economy. So there is no resemblance between them. One side is @ type of elegance; the other of industry. ‘The east side is all laid out and the streets mostly cut through, and there are no features worthy of more attention than at any other section of the city built up with hideous rectangular brick or brown stone coffins. So that, in considering the great auspicious future of New York as an orna- mental city, investigation must be confined to the northwest corner of the island, bounded on the north by the Spuyten Duyvil creek, on the east by Filth avenue, on the South by Fifty-minth street, and on the west by the Hudson river. And what is its topography, its capacity for improvement and its natural advantages for sweeping innovations? No person can drive along the Bloomingdale road, survey the beautiful meadows and quiet valleys widening away to the river and beyond an open country on the north; the thickly planted, looming ridge of Washington Heights throwing its deep shadow on the surface of the swift Hudson below; the miles of plains, of alternating hills and dales, piuffs amd beaches, and the general rolling, undula!ing character, pos:e:sed of those re- quisites wolch unite the picturesque with the sub- Mme and the radely rural with the quiet beautiful, and not believe that it was fasaioned out by Nature to develop the highest effects of grand scenery com- bined with biendivg art. The fact is that all this immense tract of country, so splendidly diversified in surface, 1s nothing but ONE GRAND CENTRAL PARK, upon an enormous scale, capable of being wroughi in:o episodes that can match the spleador of ihe Alps, or take from the Rhine its antiquatcd preatige. Imagine a summer residence in Central Park. Why, it would be dwelliug 1u paradise. And (hen let the reader stretch out @ map Of the island and trace the territory we have marked out, and he can weil apprec. how Ceniral Park but orna- -mental New York in muntature, This ts to be the New York of 1900—a glorious realization if it be couummated. And ihere is not e ement wanied to render it all that 1 here picture Two rivers wash ils toriuous shores; @ high moun- tain cresied with the most magniticent mansions and grounds in the Union sits back in sie;n dignity from the water; natural courres are marked upon the to- pography for the minor sueets and avenues; rock, marble, ample shade trees, firs, spruces, pines, cedars: and thousands of the deciduous pep. grow and thrive; the Croton water is easily utilized at the honses; gus abounds; the soil ts soft and easily worked; drainage 1s good and the whole region 1s in @ state of fourishing cultivation. This is tie condt- nm. It cannot be taken in hand, as the Park wus worked over the entire surface, for that is the ofitce of private owners; but the Commissioners have first to render it of easy access, (o open highways, cut it up with roadways and lay down tines of improve- ment. This has been commenced, and the work is bow in an advanced state. ‘When the plans were first projected and capitalists first began to understand the siguifcance of this grand enterprise ground became as gold and pro- perty rose to @ fabulous value, Everybody was alter a residence and @ plot of ground, The exctiement deepened, and it has never slackened. From Fort Washington to Yonkers is now one of the fairest Spots of the world, and has been so for Base wun improyguigp's arg demanded iy ty iat heey aphe het a fis tendle Trea ani lovely ying fe ae re to pty be cultivated, aud res of liviny, dazziiug auty. To Somprenend the exact status of what we have termed Ornamental New York the reader should re- member that this territory does not stop at the Har- Jem river, bus continues in Wesichester couuty to and beyond Yonkers. From this later city twenty. four (rains a day and numerous steamers convey ine truant population of New York to country homes oF purer air and greater joy than are indigenous to nolsy pavements and dirty gutters, Then in a few years thore is a world fu stor THE HARLEM RIVER, Tt can be a great channel when dug out and built ‘up with wharves and piers for the depositing trade ol the far West seeking New York by the Hudson, Storehouses can be constructed; the yea can be reached by the Sound through the Harlem, and the passage to Europe snortened by a day, with a saving of twenty tons of coal. The lumber trade can Dourish, Westchester marble will claim a passport from the shores of its own county, and thus allied to this splendid region wil be busy, deveWwping, fast gulbering industyy on tie one band and the fruition ofa magnificent, inaturing, ripentug ctty of opuleuce and beauty on the other. And where do we see these omens? In the cutting through of the grand Boulevard aid tis atoxilinvies, which is but the begining of the mulutudtuous works we have endeavored to foreshadow, THE GRAND BOULEVARD has been in progress three years, and is now fast ap- proaciing completion. It is the back bone, the main artery, the vital highway, of tie vast transition sec- tion above Fifty-ninth street, People cannot reudily understand tts bearing upon the iuiure of New York without a drive along its direction; but itis assur- edly the most important improvement in the history of the tsiand. Itis one ona grand seale; oue com- prehending the wants of 3,000,000 of population that Will people the city in 1000; made for ume; not to serve a temporary fe" hee but with @ keen insight into tuture wants its projectors have parcelied out their labors so that they can benefit posterity. The Bowlevayd begins at Exglith avenue and Fifty- ninth street, before describe:! in these comuins as the “pivotal point of the island,’ for about this point turn all the radii of the svctal, superfictal, financial, industrial and beautiful ln the circle of metropolitan characteristics, ‘To the suuthward is the city through Broadway i Jough through, this streich algo will be a NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, ‘and ighth avenue; to eactwart and wostward the | the left 18 the elegant mansion cf Dan Bryant, with a Siac icaaasceenes Seder uaa cumtans | eulsontr, Mebane acl tat tages rat uN p 5 whue to wt a it nds are surrotne el Westward is the Bouevari oveming in! Wall-and tho fout ensemble denotes sunphicicy. and cpwode sort of ane angiy on one side rein on te ker It cal fe Oe ong 5 4 « a ft ao 4 4 LIVIN & Are, end rural @-enery. This a um)! standy Reaching 104th street, the Boulevard curves west- Ward concave to th» upper bennuary of the island, and strikes Eleventh avenue at 108th street, There ‘the view shows tre work in fine progreas. The men WeTgeNce »| KO aD) IMpOrtAns are gradi i in every detail progress i# marked e@venues. lis outanie ccnm erence t Lroken by \he | by thoror fine and skit) artaanehipe All about wid'h of the sect, but is caremully and rps d 6 @ beantful country. 7 At 116th street the high embankments sre being by vbirty-five, men under the direction of nkins, and thirty-four supervised py Boward . ‘This Fight vo excavate the Holl has peer generously given by the Bloomingdale Asylum, hose bout Guriied with blocks o( hive swane o,an average Of ix feet 80 hewn that iney wilt ioow: eirou ar wirection, ‘These are twelve smooth appear- stones @ ove the surae an ‘There are cothoes cohen but the anges @re roun i¢.1 \o 8 natural curve. wi ds are Immediately opposite, Al ‘The wwner eireie is of forty feet radius, likewise | 1,000 toads aaay are pulled to btn street aud curbed, macadamized and with great care in we and deposited there for Ming in. Dirt de- the preparation and finish, In ita centre will stand } hv 4s worth fifty five cents a toad, a tine group of statuary, yes wove selected. Rows of PROM 108TH STREET tees, set apart at of twenty feet on the | the Boulevard pursues a straight uortherly «direction, exterior of the outer have been | conforming to the geovraphical lines of Eleven! Planted, and show ind of tine maturity. The | avenue, which conrse i mot change till it surtace of the interior is pow covered with a | reaches between l6ut: ):! 167th streets, From 116th, thick deposit of coal débris and residuum, A flue; sopiaiten foo Fimik, wompleely encircles outer enclosure, le When the trees ‘aud the gateway (the Mer- chants! will be covered with oversp! waieae, ses external 8 de none pleasanteat. ekety, down, homely structures; gin mills and old time haunts remain; but the increasing value of property Must s00n sweep them existence, and then we ‘an hope to see fine residences adorning the vicinity. From the Circle stretches away the Boulevard, @ norwesterly direction, At its very begin- ning let us examine it ern and style of engineer- ing. it has the sple width of 150 teet from curb to curb and twenty-two feet of walks on each side, making the ‘complete width 164 feet. A footwalk traverses the middle of the Drive, thus separating it into two drives of forty feet in width by a pathway twenty-two feet wide, and to either side of these two drives are the two walks before mentioned, twenty-two feet in width each. These longitudinal divisions of the Boulevard are well desig They will afford the driver going up the island a clean stretch pr drive, while those coming down must Dire the sce, Such sidewalks are also well. The entire arrangemedt to pepen adopted in laying out the Champ E! in MAKING THE ROADWAY is a most diMcuit and interesiing art. The sub- stratum of the natural soil ts iret worked all the ease employed in handiing crude mnaieral, and if the base 13 of solid dirt Miiiag is thea thrown over its surface, A sieam roller, weighing 10,000 pounds, then compas the bedding, and when it is closely laid the puiting down of the Tiiord road begins, This consists of placing rock quarced on the spot and of an averaze size of a paving stone, without symme!ry, bat rough, soft and grauite-like in 1ts primary formation, upon end with the broad bare down, breaking the joints by making the eee ines prevent a succession of lateral crevices in one direction, which might weiken the road mate- rially. This mass of stone clo-eiy joel together makes a solid body which a iew years of travel will render as non-porous and ciorély crystallized as cement, Having beea placed as described tron bars are ured WO welge the stones tn po-ation, and tre pointed leads ave then trimmed off wiih Bammers to an even surface. ‘Macadam stone is now applied. ‘This stove ts quarried ou the -pot, aud con-1-ts of the Loge boulders Lroxeu into Mie bits, which must pass ‘hrough @ ring two laches in diameter. The Maradim stone, rolied compactly ani sprinkiel With still iiner chips, then renaing a: the -uriare. Ex; erence has proved it to make a desiravle drive. e centre waik is cui at every biovk by (he inter- secting street, and this gives it ine charg:ter 0! a succession of sinall parks, or centie stiuilar to those at Park avenue, These centre pieces stand welve inches above the Drive, and are aout 200 ‘eet longvy twenty two wide. Tey are surroumied by a blue stone curb, exqut:itely dressed, and constating of blocks Varying from six to twe.ve feet in iength. They are elgnceen inches deep, stan \ing on end, and of @ thickiess of six inches. They are ial upon a bed of gravei and stone, with eighteen inches of stone mmside of the ceiitre pie-e, to sive tiem sufl- Clent stauilliy. They are set uearly plumb, In the vicinity of Filty-ninih street the surface draining is complete. The roa Ras @ crown of four inches, which gives an admirable watershed toward the gutters. ‘The gas pipes are being put down on bo'h sides of the Boulevard, and a large force of men are engaged by the Croton Department in ee 3 water mains. About sixtieth street the scene is quite animated, and al) hands seem to work well @ad_ work together, Mr. Kellogg 1s 1n charge of this section of tne Drive. A ong this sectlon the inest specimens of engineering ny street northward to bvud, the average distance of the evard frout the river is about two blocks, or from 1,800 to 1,900 feet—Gu0 feet to a blozk, At 117th street it takes a deep Drive is lined with symmetrical piles of dark, finely broken blue Macadam stone. The sweep here is clear— splendid for driving—and pierces a beautiful terri- tory. When completed this section will form one of the most attractive Mons of the Boulevard, Claremont is on the hill, to the river side, and to the right, ‘at 130th street, [s Manhattan College. Mr. E. 8. Higgins and the Van Schaick brothers own. im- ee property on the river, The Devlins also hold. nd in close proximity, From 130th street the Boulevard rises thi b rock and soll and begins an ascent toward 1561 sireet, where the work will have to be continued through obstinate rock, Over 150 men are quarrying. and iping at this business, Trinity Cemetery is cut in (Wain, amd about 156th street the deep brick val ehurged With human ashes are visible in the perpe dicular cuts made in the embankments. en the dead have to move from a long repose to make way for the advancemen's of the living, and those of Knickerbocker blood who have Jong slept in the okt fore are disturbed in bi . Wer are to be sunk at 156tn street and in other ta, with four foot deliveries at the river, 1al Boulevard, and he pa Lae Progress of jevard upon ite broad streto, through estates, church grounis, oll Orphan asyiums, piivae parks, ip embankinen: arp decliviges, ploughing ‘hrough rock, sun‘ly loams and countess 80D @rrinean obsiacies, pierong magnilicent delas of acenery, bro.en, diversified and wildiy beautiful, Shes at is’ ched @ point from which you can note {ig u'tilly and appreciate the difiicul under which ti hos heen developed. Imogine this highway planted, as i wil be in future years, with doubie rows of expanding shade trees, wita clean, wide walk®, @gucccaslon of centre plzces dovuing tt ifke miniature )a:ks, and p'cture the weal: h, fasion and beauty on one side hound for the Harlem river, and on the other for New York. AT 157TH STREET, a8 laid out, it begins an irregular, winding and ser- pentine course, paring, of in a northwesterly direc- tion across Audubon Park, making a deep curve to keep near the shore abreast of 160th street, intersect- ing the grounds of the Deaf and Dumb Asylum and pushing away thi fh the Shana U ges: ‘on Wash- ington Heights. Ly! pa, neathy parallel to the shore, it invades the property of the Justitute for the Blind, over the grounds of Mr. M. Ward, Mr, Isaac P. rtin and Mr. John A, Haven, Below the latter gentleman’s grounds, on the jutting cape of land, is to be a public park. it pushes on through the estates of Mer#rs. Charles M. Connolly and James Gordon Bennett. Arriving at 185th street, the northeast corner of the is marked bya marble monument. At this their graves by ruthless Boulevai polnk the ground descends in a steep hillside to the judgon River Railroad and beyond to the river. In order to build the Boulevard a8 contemplated at this point it will be necessary to cut away the soil on the east side or build a wall over fifty feet be ie on the river front and fill in with dirt. Along all these ele- gant grounds which the Boulevard will skirt the same considerations will enter into THE ENGINEERING, There will be found the grandest scenery along its route—scenery heightened by vastness, magnificent distances, the classic Hudson, the perpendicalar pali- sades aud aged oaks, and green firs, spruces and cedars. Hugging the river and cutting the property of Deylin, the estate of Lucius Chittenden, the new acquisition of William M. Tweed, the Messrs. Hayes and others, it reaches Inwood (Tubby Hook) and turns abruptly from the river in an easterly direction, passing into the Kingsbridge road. RETURNING DOWN THE ISLAND it becomes what will be Known as Dyckman street, so called from the Dyckman farm it intersects, and about 200th street comes down with an irregular sweep atong the shore or the Harlem river, parsing through the old Lorillard propeity, along and to the wesiward of the new reservoir at High Britge, thence along the line of the Croton aqueduct areal the estate of Madame Jumel, crossing 155th street in Ninth avenue, and thence continuing to the Park. Besides this Drive, nearly twenty miles Jong. work is progressing on the avenue St. Nicholas, laid out in the most lar manner, Ins at 10th street and Tenth avenue, and joins Mauhattan street, & new thorouzhfare, between 124th and 126th streets, between Eighth and Ninth avenues, epee Dg it reaches 137th street, near Eighth avenne, and hits 155th street midway between Ninth and Tenth ave- nues; thence it turns westward and joins Tenth avenue and Kingsbridge road, where they meet just @bove 161st street, The Sixth avenue, with Mount Morris square to its eastward, is open to the Huriem river, lighted and almost completely graded. Seventh avenue is not so far advanced, but is im- proving rapidiy. [t will thus be seen that ORNAMENTAL NEW YORK is building into a landscape beauty syperior to its past acknowledged splendors, and to such attractions as Jerome Park, High Bridge, the valley of the Har- lem river, Central avenue, in Westchester county, the new reservoir, fine hotels and summer fishing and excursion resorts, the new Boulevard and its sister improvements will give access to all. Other enterprises are marching along. The tower at the new reservoir for supplying water to Wash- ington Heights is finished, and it has a tank pro- vided at its top holding 64,000 gallons of water, raised to a height of 405 feet above the Jow level of the Harlem river. The lottiest point on Washington Heights, at 185th street, 1s only 275 feet above low water. Fire alarm telegraph poies are being put up all over the upper part of the island, the verdure ts putting on its spring toilet, the trees are beginning to leaf, and m three weeks another season of mild temperature and balmy airs will have bloomed upon One of the finest garden spots of the earth. JACK TAR ASHORE. SEWERS ever seen in this country are being put down by the Croton Board under contract with Quirk, Fairchid & Coleman. ‘The large main sewer begins at ihe Norih river, ai Sixty-sixin street ; thence runs up Sixty-sixth street to Tenth avenue, and thence up Sixty-tlith street to the Boulevard, to Sixty-second street, across to Eighth avenue, with branches in Eni, Ninth and Tenih avenues, and cross streets, This sewer is to be built of brick, firmly cemented, a, laid ; two feet eight inches yy four, and hiiptical in shape. The sewer delivery witl be thirty- three Jeet above Digh water, ant it wilt average general'y from eightscn to twenty feet below the suriace, while the grade is run to avout flity fect. ‘The excavations are ail ihroush rock, an hence the blasting hus been quite expensive. ’ It wil be azen from this exnihit that it will take a goody sum to improve real estate along the Boulevard by the on- struction oi sewer connections. ‘They will ranze {rom $300 to $700 cach. and, as now put down Ly the contractors, they Will cost avout thirteen dol. ars per fooi. This iance sewer will disin & vast territory. It 1s the largest contrat ever given im New York, involving three miics of s-wers and an expense of $500,000, Along the entire lenvth of the Boulevard there will be @ con‘inuous 8)st.m of filty miles of Sowers, and the branch:s will be made ot six ipch vitrified stoneware pipe. James McCarthy 15 the fuispector. FROM 178 SOUTHERN TERMINUS TO SEVENTY-FIRST STREET THE COUNTRY about the Boulevard is very healthy, the ground is high, the surface draining admirable, the watersheds and courses .well defined and the entire district underlaid with rocky strata of a valuable character, good for building. From the Circle the Boulevard takes a diagonal direction and crosses Ninth avenue at Sixty-tifth street, Ninth avenue is being improved by the Com- missioners, especially from Eighty-sixth street to 110th street, but the alterations are not of such an extensive nature as those seen going forward at Tenth avenue, which the Boulevard intersects at Seventy-frst street. This avenue fas been dug out of the steep embankments and rocky uph to above Seventy-seveuth street, The work here bears evidence of having been protracted and laborious, tor every foot of advance is made by blasting through the most tenacious strata, Eighty men are employed under the direction of foreman Qoleman, aud pro- gress will be necessarily slow A capactous sewer drains the territory and delivers t Seventy-fifth street and Norwh river, The aceuery ue this locality begins to partake of beautiful and Picturesque effevta. Gimpses of tie Hudson are Just visible, anc the opposite shore, with its thickly foliaged nilis, rises mio view. ‘Co southward and eastward the Bowlevard, almost a level stretch, goes pai ~ tu the Circle jotuing the Merchants’ Gate at tbe ‘ark, On through estates that have been cut throngh by the marching Boulevard, the Grand Drive takes an easy curve from Seventy-first street and meets Sev- enty-ninth street: midway between Tenth and Elev- enth avenues. Fernando Wood's property les on the hiver side avout Seventy-eighth s:reet, aud bis pretty Swixs cottage and unpreientious grounds Present a Very neat and well-kept appearance. Work ix goiug ahead rapidiy on ths section. Plies of stone, Car.8, pichuxes, wheelbatrows, loud curses ant the din and clatter of untutored tongues are few of the incidents, piewsing or Unpleasing, accor tug to the taste of the observer. Bieventi avenue at Seventy-ninth street is not cut through, but is laid out by staking, Itis iardly pio- bale that it will be opened, for it lieg over tou vaiu- able property and would unnecessarily break up the surface, and there seeing to be no general desire on the part of own foneve the matior agitated. Much dissatisfaction prevails ae Pra! SEVENTY-NINTH STREET, Because alt Mie Séction lying west of the Park and contiguous to that point has been aay isolated for three years, during the time of the building of the Boulevard. Owpert pe thge their property yyt be rented egaae tiaakts nat im diet a peta the tie There is no available outict turough ine Park, because it cannot be attained over any pass- able road. ‘They desire the Commissioners to open the roads. Hotels aud restaurants were leased for a Seamens’ Associntion Exchange Building— Description of the Structure and Estimate of the Cost. Through the philanthropy of a number of our lead- ing business men, whose purses are always open in the cause of charity, arrangements have been per- fected and nearly all the required money raised for the erection of a Seamens’ Association Exchange Building. The site of the building, which has already been purchased, is on Cherry street, directly opposite the Satior’s Home, its width being fifty-one feet, and running through to Water street, making its length 121 feet, and giving it two fronts, respect- ively on Cherry and Water streets. The entire cost, including the building, is estimated at $90,000, two- thirds of which is already secured, aud the re- maipder, it is beHeved, will be forthcoming in time, 80 a8 to cause no delay in the erection of the buildtag, which is to be begun immedia The Buiiding Committee are Moses H. Grinne ward Hincken, Mo=0s 3. Bexch, William E. Dodge, W. A. Booth and Charies C. Dancin, which 1s a guarantee that the enferprise will be prosecuted with spiriv and sot The building isto bea meat two story structure, with Mansard roof and bagement, ay plans. ip: clude an exchange for the trapsaction of bisingss in the interest of seamen, as Miso a reading rvom, Mbrary, and school In addition to these wit “likewise be for an intelligence burean and a savings shies a hall for religious services, tenaperd ge meetings thelike, The intention is te maké it a pleasant place of resor' (if wisely adiitinistered, r Sailors, thriving bt es, but iheir managers have been «is- | a3 it now promises to be, there can 0 doubt of its appointed id mnvt with ‘heavy losses, ‘This feeling of | wholesome, moral influence upon the Tange: boay ot discont mnt preva irom Fifty-ninth street to Eigiity- | Sailors always to be found in tbe city. pe street, As the Bou'evard is now far advanced is hoped some connection will soon be established to reliers the be etic ‘ 4 i he estates of Joseph Cutler, George Poltlon, Hen: Kelly and Mr. Fulton ile avout this vicinity, "Spee Intors ave buying them for a rise, and because of the depreciation in vents long leases cannot be given. Five lots (256x100) were recently sold for $40,000. The Loritiard estate owns from the middie tine be- tween Eighiy-second and Eighty-third streets, to Scveuty-ninih street, and between Teuth avenue and Broadway, valued at over $1,0v0,000. I have recently sold a large amount of land about the local- ily at from $9,000 ty $12,000 a lot. The estate also possesses a fine property eust of Tenth avenue. General Thomus A. Davis has four tots lying in close contiguity, He owns west of we Boulevard and from Bigaty-tfth to Eighty-sixth street, and abont Louth siveet William T. Blodgett has a fine stretch of meadow Jand on the east side of the Boulevard to Tenth ave- hue and south to Ninety-ninth siieet. There are hun- dreds of small owners, holding titie to small parcels, and in due time thelr value will be almost incredible. AT EIGHTY-SIXTH STREET the Boulevard till going directly northward intersect- ing Lie Bivominy er ith its smooth, hard sur- face and its double ranks S$ posts. Square stone sewers drain this region and deliver in the river at Evghty-fourth street and between Ninety-eigiitt and Ninety-ninth streets. There the men are excavating, Milng, grading and carting rock. Tue Boulevard 18 now on the descent, with the flue estate where Gen- eral Sickles formerly resided on the river side abreast of Ninety Hirst stieet, and on the right, at Ninety-third street, is the house of the widow the late Dr. Mott, Her estate hag been ered by the Boulevard, Some fue maples and cims remain standing direetly In the centre of we. Drive at this point, and if they are preserved tncy will add much to the beauty of the spot. At Ninety-cightt street the men are engaged in | so breaking stone for the Macadam road. Farther yn te | ged elocutionist. SOROSIS ON THE RIGHT TACK. The bewitching politicians of Sorosis have ap- parently abandoned ail hopes of overturning the laws under which we live and of attempting to hurl a fair member into the Presidential @hair, At least their present attitude favors the suppesition, Théy have wrned their charming eyes towards the fashion and follies of the day. The following resolution, adopted at a late meeting, indicates that they have discovered a proper field for woman’s missten:— Resolved, That if an eftort should be made to revive the dirty and disgusting fashion of trailing skirts In the street, that the universal voice of American women should utter a Protest would be heard throughout this country and urope, and prove that, whoever may chouse to follow the Tead of w court or a coterie, American womes ena think and act for themselves. This is the first sensible action of this society On record, THE POETS. Mr. J. H. Warkwick delivered his lecture on “An Evening with Shakspeare and the Poets” last even- ing at Dr. Chapin’s church, Forty-fifth street and Fifth avenue, before an appreciative audience. Dur- ing the evening the lecturer took occasion to intro- duce “Hans Breltman tn Georgia” aad the “Dying Trooper,” and it must be said that Mr. Warkwick displayed good judgment in bringing the inimitable out before a New York audience. ‘Tne lecture, given for 80 Worthy an object as to aid the building fund of the Chapin Home jor the aged and infirm, was, of course, furthered by the members of Mr. Ohapin’s congregation, and hence a lurge number of tickets was descent, and the entire dg. Mar. Wark wick i from the Packie aloye and a | APRIL 27, 1870.—QUADRUPLE SHEET. TUR M'PARLAND TRIAL |eseaesemtess Pi etinouat anoae, butin tb vast majory ot you wl, “inane ‘Accompany lug a state Soundings in the Deep Sea of Insanity. my fant of ure one of the marked signs juganity, Do not authors generally lay it down as a fact ont there can be no such thing as insanity wi hout delusion? A, Bome authors do, but not the bes; on the contrary, Many authors state that tisanity Tuay exiai without delosion; Aieanty may exis: for a La me tage tine before delusion becomes de- hoped. Is it your opinion that in all cages where in- vali OX tore is some sort of delusion? A. Not ail case, Q. Deserb» a case in which insanity may exis! Without delusion, Take the case of Reynolds; there was no delusion there; the man acted aga mer macbine, waving no consclousness Of Dis aet, awl wh) he comes o hunself he has no recollection of What he may have don j @ case of an epileptic attack a man will be pre trate|, ant in tue ft (bao ensues ne will Bot ve an epileptic Mt, bt that fi will come to Rim iimn- med acely alter he re overs ‘rom the that sot A. Yes; the tanta follows the fit, or that condiuon is be not unier a delasiont A. No; Tclon’t think he has any conscious delusiod. . re is such a thing as impulsive in‘anity— Whatis tha? A. Where a man has a desire to com- mt @ certain act that Was so str ngiv before and im- pelling him to ite coniuission that he is not aule to res'raip bimself, ) Wivere one man goes and shoots another with- Out a motive, without @ wrong «one to him and without « grudge agatnst him, 18 that an evplence of arr * A. Tdow't wish to jorm an opmioa on A Q Bat you would not consiter such an act eyvt- dence of insanity? A. I would not . Nota@iallt A. Notat ail, ). Suppose you take the case of a man walking out into the park ani sho tig the Brest man he tivets, and then following that up by evidence showing tn. there Was # strong motive of anger exisung between the men, Would that shooting be an evidence to you of insanity? A, NO, because it was istigated by anger, }. ft would not form adata by which you would sey at he was sullering from an attack of tusanily t 0, sir, Q. Add to that that he was jealous of the man, would that change your opinion? A. No, sir. Q Add to that, Ulat he hated the man he shot, and ‘was aciuated by motives of revenge? A. No, slr; that is no evidence of insanity. beige you add to that anger, hatred and {¢ lousy, and motjves of rovense: and that a man so impelled meets his Wronger in tue fuk and shoots him, would not that furnish you with data to say that the man was insane? A, No, sir, not a particle, a Suppose you add to that the fact that the man had done him some great personal injury, and this was the first time he had encountered hia since the infliction of the upury, would that form an evidence of insanity? A. t would have to know what the state of his mind was at the time, but the simple faet of his killing Wie man would not make me think he was insane, Q. On the contrary, you would sey he was respon- sible for the act? A. L woud uot ve incuned 10 say 80 from the sUppO-ttl0s Case you Dresent. You woud say he was a man of a wicked and Testimony of Medical Explorers and Footfalls on the Boundaries of Bedlam. “T0 DIE! TO SLEEP NO MORE! ar Metaphysics of Love and Emotion. ‘The early proceedings yesterday were so awfully dull that three reporters, seven Jawyers, twenty-five spectators and one strong-minded woman fell esleep, Tie soporific interrogatories addressed by counsel for the defence to the witness were well calculated to cause even the brave and wide-awake Hans C ausen, the gigantic juryman, wink his eyes more than forty times in the desperate effort to prevent himsel! from setting @ bai example to hia fellow jurors by stretching his legs across the lawyers’ table aml snoring gaily away. By the time an adjournment for the day was taken the whole atmosphere of the court room became oppressive with the philosophy of insanity, and everyboty looked dublously at his neighbor, as though he were @ present or prospective victim of cerebral congestion. The twelve jury- men were utterly bewildered, and hardly knew whether it was safe for themselves to be trusted in company together. What their exact notions on the subject of dementia, wn eee the trial is gyer it would be extiemely dificult to gueds; but at ‘apy rate they must be very unique ant novel. UNHAPPY HANS, THE JURYMAN. The fourth juryman to the leftoft the foreman mant- fested terrible interest in the proceedings, and during the profound explanations of metaphysical phe- nomena brought out in the examination looked un- utterable things at the mild counsel, and the position of his capacious mouth and the working of his fea- tures while the witness plunged into theorles of acute mania and came swimming!ly to the surface of pre- monitory symptoms of shooting madness, were fearful and wonderful to behold. Hans Clau- fox sieaein. Rae Pia Erm Lies sen worked vp his fat chin into expressive Q. You would say he was a-pretty hard case? A. Yes, but he might have hart @ mouth e. Q Suppose you adi also that he was aman of very Vio.ent and uncon roilable pas-io", who got into tremendous exeitements ant in his passion shot a man, would you say he was insane? A. 1 would have to know something mere about him before £ would pronounce upon hin. Q But you Would uot say he Was insane from the actitses? A. No, sir. Q. Now suppose a man agrees to a separation fro. his Wile—theve 1s an agreement between hun self and hts wife—and that he takes one caild aud the wie the other; anit suppose tie man becomes jealous of some other man, and he meets that was once ® month for two years, face to face, without any apparent emotion, aud he brings a against the seducer of iis wile, and af 4 length of time he at last gues to an office thee times in a day without any a parent motive, whi he knew the alleged sedu of hi nt habit of coming lor his letiers, and fi himself tn that office behind a glass partition wit commands @ full view of both entrances (o the office, and waits there with a pistol in his pocket, aud on seeing the deceased come in watts til his back is turned {o him, and then shoots and 8) . wrinkles, winked over his fat chaps with twinkling eyes, breathed heavily, looked once asif he would like to sneeze, yawnel often and glanced with say- age aspect at a reporter who was regarding him with quiet interest. The jaryman labored under a weight of fiesh. He was a two hundred pounder and had room fur more. Gorgeously arrayed in an illuminated necktie heavily oppressed with gold lace, a wilder- ness of broadcloth over his capacious stomach and a broadcloth coat bursting with impatience to run off the swelling arms and leave the perspiring jurym an ingiiis shirt sleeves, Hans Clausen lengthened out his placid face whenever there appeared tobe a pros- pect of a grave question, and twinkled with his eyes, made dumb applause with his lips and gave himseif over to wild chuckling at the faintest indication of a hearty laugh. A FEW OF THE~DOCTORS. Dr. Parsons, of the Lunatic Asylum, Blackwell's Island, told many things of interest in connection with his practice of nine years and embracing over 4,000 cases of mental’ aberration. Dr. Ham. | Would you say that gach @ man trom these ts alone mond, formerly surgeon general United States was insane? A. No. sir; not on these facts alone. army, & splendid physicat type of the genus homo, Re-eximined by Mr, Gerry—Dr. Welile was preseut ‘on the second occasion; at! the warjeus knew I was there; there Was no conceainent; Dr. Weie saw everything that I did; congestion of the brain exists all the time, but there is not necessarily mesanity alt the time; the mind may flash off into acue mania under the circumstances, and a physician may know, who attended him, that ® man at the time was insane; the congestion of the brain in McFarland’s case may have existed for years: the most common cause is mental excitement; ‘there 18 no difficuity in deciding as to symptoms of deliriam tremens if you know the previous history of the individual; I saw no signs of delirium tremens in McFarland; we never form an opinion as to in- sanity by any one single act; I was called by the prosecation in Reynolds’ case and was summoned for the defence; the District Attorney did not suggest that I should give notice to the ¢ nee; I testitied the man was sane in the Chambers case, and 1) trict Attorney at Brooklyn gave up the case; when Chambers got to the jail he boasied thar he had de- ceived all the doctors but me. Dr. Ralph T. Parsons, resident physician of the New York Lunatic Asylum, testifiel—I have made a specialty of diseases of the brain since I became a physiciah, and have madé it a constant study; I was in private practice for nine or ten years; Lhave treated five or six thousand cases of insanity; now have about four hundred under my charge; insanity may exist in a harmiess state some time; it often lies in @ state of tranquillity until an exciting cause comes on; they olten associate in their minds the offence and punishments they often listen to proof; grief, tears and complaints are evi- dence in respect to a mind suspected of derange- ment disturbance; twitching of the muscles, if only ns Of Men- was listened to with delighted interest by the crowded auditory. His style of delivery was quick almost to abruptness, but very perspicuous, po nted and attractive af the same time. is command of the subject upon which he was cilled to testify ng Jong study, deep re-earch and wide expe- rience. RESPECT TO THE MEMORY OF JUDGE RUSSEL. At the close of the proceedings Judge Garvin, Mr. Gerry and Mr. Graham made in wrn a brief but fee ing tribu‘e in words to the memory of the tate Juige Russel, whose sudden demise Judge Garvin announce to the court, and requested of it, in token of respect, formal adjournment until to-day. FIFTEENTH DAYS PROCEEDINGS. Examination of Wituessea—Testimony of Dr. Vance Resumed. Dr. Vance’s examination resumed—Mr. Gerry showed witness plates illustrative of brain disease, and he said that a plate marked “Plate 11” resem- bled symptoms that he had observed through the ophthaloscope when he examined the prisoner. cross-examined by the District Attorney—The first thing I said to the prisoner after the introduction of McFarland to me by Mr. Gerry was that “I had called to have a long conversation with him; I was with him three hours; this wason the sth of March; I spoke to him iu continuous conversations, and I went there to form an idea as to his rationality or frrationality; I cannot remember all the subjects, but ys 4 caused by mental disturbance, are sympt 1 By Wp ca Paint FA i 5) : tal disturbance; suicidal tendencies wonld arouse hha sa H came to 7. . 3 3 tem. oonéinsion,. as to his. then. condition. of suspicion of insanity; a man of the defendant's tem. perament might more likely be developed between the age of forty or fifty; matured, long standing love for one’s wife is a very strong emotion, as strong as any other; [ suppose there would be nothing more likely to produce frenzy than the desertion of a loved wife; the desertion by a wife of such a man as is described might very likely produce frenzy, but mind, and thnt at that he was perfectly rational and periect'y coherent; [ discovered no delirium; I don't regard tie two words hallucination and delirlam as synonymous; on the second oecasion Dr. Wehie was with me, and he participated in what was said: at the time of these several examinations I don't Know ihat apy notice of it nad been given to | not necessarily; 2 " re | mney * e ly; a pulse beating from one hundred oe eS poorer ; Reh ays ot of b-vd and ten to oné hundred and twenty would be very ‘1 present on one cecasion; the | jikely to produce disease of the brain; if he were of particular form of insanity that he was ‘le an emotional nature and nervous tempe ment, of an active mind, his desertion by his wife and her open abandonment of her husband for her paramour would be a very powerful cause towards producing insanity; he might, previous to an attack of acute mania, be able to attend to busi- ness, and for awhile to conceal his condition from those with whom he associated in business, Senior counsel read from Mr. Bilting’s evidence with regard to the meeting in front of the New York Hotei on the 25th of November; the evidence of Mr. Wickham, who saw him a few minutes later; of Mt. Nones and Mr. Taylor, who saw 1 still iater that day; of O'Brien, the police laboring under must have been, In my opinion, an attack of acute mania; by mania [ mean @ perversion of understanding on all kids of subjects One the mania, accompanied by mental excitement; I have seen maniacs who were Spooning insane who were quite natural on many subjects; there is insanity without mental excitemeut; I don’t believe that any man. in healthy conditions can have a pulse of 124; a deluston ts {ndicated mostly by conversation; acute manta is simply this condition of mind coming on suddenly, induced by congestion of the brain or poisoning of the blood; the latter may be caused by alcohol, opium, belladonna or other spirits; certain forms of epilepsy and a namber of other causes are the consequence of acute mania; this man was near | Wig, ;*W, jum early tn the morning Of the 25th: of Dr. laboring under epileptic mania; in these cases of | wig a’go saw him the day before; of Mr. Mangam, acute mania @ man does not talk rationally; he y iY a 4 who saw him a day or two befc various portions of the testimony of other witnesses, and then read the long question put yesterday to Dr. Vance by Mr. Gerry, und added to it many facts elicited ih the course of the trial, and asked, assum- ing all these facts as true, and basing your opinion on this hypothesis, "p. to, through, and including that day, what do they indicate as to the sanity or in- sanity of the prisoner at the time of this shooting. Mr. Davis ob,ected to the question on the ground that te hypothetical qnestion was interlarded wilt the opini of inexperis aud commenis of the he also. re] answered me rationally on the subjects I spoke to him about at the second conversation; in the third conversation I Went over the same ground that I did in the first; he answered sui.stantially the same; bis conversations were without hallucination, and have no doubt he Was entively rational ip aii three of ihese conversations; I can point to any fact or cir- cumstance in My conversation testified to here that shows the existence of acute mania at that time, within the two and @ half years over the testimony; the testimony of the Jawyer, Mr. Billings, was one of don't recollect the whole of it; I recollect the i i i tenor; the very emphatic manuor im | AMS. iy, ‘ . a ese facts I should say that. the prisoner A RS FOS Oils pbeat: | was undoubieuly of unsound mind at that ime. ance, and the ee 8, wail ge al Mit | Phe court here took @ recess the ‘stars, and his appearance, his haggér , appearance, the clutching of his hauds, and Pei 3 Abies Recess Dr. Parsons Recalled. ber of symptoms spoke mth cred the 4ae. Dr. Pard! nt Rpuwed his evideuoce and said—I {ag ot ts Megs lle Sk 3 droSping of his words, | make Rey eee tif hesitation Tn his speech—these were tne princi: | | No DISTINCTION BETWREN INSANITY AND 1 NACY? in cases of homicidal mania, Iuuatics do not disclose their intentions; in cascs of suicidal mania the patients are inclined to conceal their iniens; but suicidal mania is wot merely a mania with w ten- dency to commit suicide; itis a distinct form of mania; in melanviiolia, a tendency co commit sutvide is ofien present; the announcement of an intention to commit sutclde militares against the presence of suicidal tusanity; repeated de larations of an intent to commit suiciie £ should not of themslves consider evidence of insantty; taking all the circum: stances detalied, [ should say that the prisoner was subject to melancholia, changing at the period of the occurrence to manta; £ should Say that on the 25th of November he was under manta; the term acute has pal things spoken of by Mr. Billings ; they enable me to pronounce an opinion that acute mauia may come inatany time ; atthe time he was in front of the Rew, York Hotei L Unk he was laboring under acute man Q. You have seen the muscles of men’s faces twitch when they were notingaue? A, Yes, Q. Frequeatiy? A. Yes. ha You bave seep distortion of the eve, twitching of the Jace, trembling of the Jip, chipping of words caused by some other causes than insanity? A. Yes, periectly sane talk to themselves and ron the sirect? A. Yes. 2. These things Are not indications of tnsantty? A. No; but these men may have Leen iusane wihout my knowledge. e. two aspects—one the form of the disease, and the . Jato Alay occurrences in the course of the evi- | other tts duration; @ person pay have acute mice on which you Rave vased your opinions with | manta for a@ brie |) OF m slime syfip- reference to his supposed insanity. A. I mightrefer | toms may Inst for months; in thts lat- to Mt. Nones’ testimony, where he said he would ter case would Most Seon commit suicide, a chronte; w! acute mania giternates with another form (he perio: Q. Is the fact that he threatened to commit suicide | may be vert Mort acute matte is a ‘manti dation an evidence of insanity in your mind? A. No, not of | of disease; the course of We disease is not alwuys itself alone; but if @ man who holds a gooul position in society threatens to commit suicide L would say that was a ve bait roof that he was not in his t is the Same; 1 cannot teil from my Knowledge of the ise: how long & puttent’s attack ma I sanity is A manifestation of disease of as, Supposed he seriously con- ae nnet ve tusanity without disease of tl € . rain; it does not always attend congestion of the Q. Now, if a person threatens two or three times a brain? it does not, { should judge, aitend even a week to commit suicide and he all the time thinks | majority of the cases of congestion of the brun better of itand does not do it, you would begin to | butit often does; congestion of the brain m: thing he wasa humbug? A. Yes, but certain condi- | duce delirium, ‘but delirium is not insanity: p tions might modify my opinion, longed delirium may cause insantty, or the deliruin Q. What other fact stated in conversation as de- | may end in death without insanity; in and of 180i tailed by witnesses would jead you to think thatthe | corigestion of the brain {% not proof of in prisouer was insane? A. The facts as stated in the | sauity, not even when attended by a highly raised conversation detailed by the witness Shay, who peti from tne fact of the existence of the couges testified that at the first McFarland performed | tion and an accelerated puise, but without any exisi- his business weil, and that after some tin ing delusions or existing exeiiement—from those he could not perform them—that iegal docu- | facts alone [should not feel justitied without other mepts would be read to him, duties which as a | symptoms in deducing inganity. lawyer he must have tei underswod, and at 9. You were asked whether there was any perio the end he would not kuow what ha mread to | of life in which @§man’s love for his wife woul! be him, but would ask what it was ail about; that, with | stronger than at any other, A. I said that, wader the others, ig a very strong fact to go upon in form- | certain circumstances, a man’s love for his wile ing an opinion of his insauity. Would inorease laie in life; I put that period at frome Q. Sapposing a man engaged in the government | firty op alglity; {t 13 matter of cominon observation employ @il the tim Datiglene) every day more or | rather than scientific knowledge; separation ts uot an less, and Bull Chreatening suicide day after day and | uucommon thing; quite ofien insanity follows, aucl never committing li, you Would pot give inuch cre- j I should say ag often in men aain women; called to dence, him, or Imagine hin insane? A. 1 would | see tie prisoner from whe fact that] knew J should hot place any reliance on that tact. be Called as 2 witness; I talked with him an hour; £ Q@ Cannot’ ap iilusion exist im the miad without | examined his vaise und his tongne; in general ape 7 P@aranee he was excitad’e; his puise was about ninety; Idid not examiue tor conzestion, At rthis exam pation, did you conclude this ma wasinsune? A. I did not predicate aa opinions Wf had found suffictent evidences of insanity £ should, of course, have predicate! an opinion; he talked freely, eveu volubly and coaerently; | discov- rei be Ema y =! i: “irect—I counted his the watch; it was 0 mi Ty examination: the 9; 1 did not go to as might or cour-e of the conversation Was suc Might ro! eltett evidences of fu-amity; I did not par- Pow (oO Wake an exhaustive exaaniia@tion; I bom Ch al mane (he sity, b: les Testimony of Dr. Wiliam A. Hammond. Dr. Hainmonad examined by Mr, Gerry—L reside New York, an wos Surgeon General in the army the United States for wo years, (Dr. Hammond detatied the professional omices he held.) Ihave pepe ane ag te years all to the stud: diseases: e mind; I tave written books. on this specialty 5 Tam now ati editor ot a journal on this, sunjects. know the prisoner; f saw him in March, 1870; | was reque ted by the counsel to examine pim; L was with him two hots; my examination was entirely of a ph soloztcal cliracter; L found his head large and well formed; the puptis of his eyes were consilerad y dd rited and one was quite arge; L-ubuitied lum Loan o hthaimic ¢xamination; I concea) d irom him from. whom L came, anid he dil not knew my object; there Were aymptoms that indicated great emotional dis- eve; fsuw him avain on the loti of March; there was consilerable throbbing of his tenpics and’ an in- crestel exeitabliny of manner; he compiained of wakefulness and @ noise in his heads on that occasion the pulse varied fram 104 to 114, that time T suddenly mentioned Mr. R.chardsou's name and the pulse’ beat suddenly from 104 to 124 in a minute; [ was with him for aboutan hour on the 18 March; at thistime he Was again excited and bezan utonse to talk about his troubles; lis puse varied {roml0$to 224; on tha! occasion | showed him bi photographs of his wue; Isuddenly produced Uhm te bin. Q What was the effect of thetr produvtion? A, At fist op entire incapa ity of toring an tea; he oked very inuch stunned and sar led; tat con- vidon Jasted’ for aout uiteen se-onds; he (eu te- came very mach excited, ad took the photograpns Out of my band; he wept ver profusely aud Lecane gate angry with me, aid assed me way 1 bro: 4 tiose tangs down; I had very consideraiie diit- culty im getting him quiet; tals was on tue 29th of wach; his language was algo iucohe ent: af one tme he could not ~peak at all; bis pulse rose to 142 aod 1 was afraid tia he was a out to hewe & paroxysin of mama, but he becane quiet. Q. Was thy an uncontroliavie emotion? A, in did you examine him again, Doctor? A, On the 8¢ of April, with Dr. Vance. Q. Have you examined him since, Doctor? A. 1 examined him since that time; it was on the (ternoom of the day when the Uourt ear.y; his pulse Was then 132. I made a rougi drawing of the appearance of his eyed on that occasion (Irawing produced); on that oceasion 1 (ested his nery ous sys ‘en by a dynamograph (instrament produce), Unit suowel Le Was incapable of wiiling any pariicolar act; this inst.ument will indi a'e whether the brain is in ® healthy coadition ov Lo, and what is the siteng'h o. the will, Q. As tas result of these diffrent visits what are the conc'u‘loas yo. hav. arrived at oO His coud on uo to ti 20th Of thas Month? A. One of the + men 8 helpful m reducing (ie cou estion of ala hts confineun: in) rison, F galas be abd regu ac tars. Q. When do you say an indivijual 18 abent minded? A, Alseace of mind consists in acting ob @ sence of emotion; We senses cary the act out ‘Wi hout re.ere.ive to he melt ct. Q As to sieeplessnes8, woud that bccn any form of insanity’ A. Lcous.d rthat eight hours— one-third of a man’s liie—is nevessary Wo be passed in sleep. Q. W.thin the limits of nien’al health are there irreguia@rities of mind’ A. Sich persons cated eccenile; they ae pot insane, bul they ary on the verge of it; eccenirily Olen arises Trou a desire tor notoriety. . Anan may be insane in relation to -eriain parts or hus mini? Yes, cerium paits 0. his wai may be disorganized. @ Wit do you cul the form of insanity when the perceptions are atiected? A. Perceptional ing imity. hha are dels Oust A. Dolietons gow out Of a fase conception of the mind; for example, a SM MAY Hive Ble setise O: w HY CRAWL nhs we; at bi y Was not there it ts a delusion; Qsiuston acts upon the quid of an isiBite person just as any real belief would act upon a sine | . Then if a man transforms a into a tiger and shoots him it is correst? A. ‘tn. mind would be reguiav in the performance of that act Bave im that delusion; the will obey at delusion, Q. Are the emo! tons difl-ait to contro! in the nor- maimind? A. Persons can be brought io control thet emotions, but che emo'1ons are dependent upon fadividual cases; most poople &re net apt to be gutted by their fot»lect when tucir emotions are ex- ercised: tn Hlustestiou of this, a father :usitag dato tiing When it 13 on © his chatd, AL was certaia deata t ths act was the consequence of emovionil tasan ty; £ divide the mint to four parts—tie percepiro: emotions, intellect, the will; One Duauced’ miads are governed’ by th T cail a person absentninded when his intoitect so oecupiel With @ particular matter that his pei ceptive aid emotional powers act indepeadently; & man may be so overcome by iw seasation, as acute pain, Uhat his inteliect 1s partly or wholly paraly;ed or perv in hormal consiiiwions the will tn accord with the judgment of the tntele it 45 sei in mavtion by it, bus in de eotive in- stances these emotigng gr geusations may ret it mutton; ia normal minds the {auctions act ott w ceryun type; we bry be- ng 8 organ of the mind, whenever it ts exercised mort bivod Is drawn to it, and if thgs. mou syuiptoui ix sleeplessness: 80, tixes his meutal power and falls to give it proper rest and nuctrion tt will t hours? 3 af ate sary lo dar aVEra: tian gets that hind p he can work as hare pleases th: o het BfX- teen; the work of the brain wears out the tissue— © ¢ inteliect, every emotion, évery out @ portion of the bral heajth 4 i the limits of ment wiih; such persons le insane, but on the Verge of it, perha, ton of the Wain may cause amounting any one ol On.y eccentricity not to dis ‘@ man may be insane as to the four parts of the mind, Making four a@ man my be perveptionaliy Insane ie-tual insanity, as f understand 1, 14 de.usions; hey are errors permaneitly hey may grow outo bala 4 wn tal Of in ellectual Insani: i +0 deranged is acing in accordance with hts delushon;, his logical proces is Corect, but acts on delusive prenises; {ts not common that one poriuon of ihe Mind 4 diseased Witiont the rest belug affected; the emotions are quite. dificult to resirain, though there are great differences; ander circaum- stances of great excitement the will is often com. pletely Seta ieee by the emotions, without regard to the intelice:; the doctor Wistinved a fatuer roen- ing nopelessiy Intu flames, or a mie ther {unping into the seu for a Child as instairces of Cis; this faygnt oc~ cur in a heathy beali; Cie emotions muy be affected by insane cxaygerauon; may bveeume morbidly depressed; persons cry ail day long without caiee; I have seen such cases; 1 consider tiat ' emotional derangement; delusions of the Intellect may produce emotional derange- tment: jealoc jove or haired ating delu sionally may ; the will acts in accordance with perverted ideas, or he may lose the power over his wil; morbid impulse is voitional insanity; 1 re- gard tusanity as a result of disease of the brain, in which, whil¢ consclousness remained, the fanc' of the mind were impaired ; the most comm cause of insanity is ¢. ive emotion; heredi- tary predisposition 18 @ ,cause, aud ‘nervous. saguine persons are somewhat more disposed to it than others; the most conmon iminediate cause 1s congestion of the br: ib may arise from itton or from drugs, but drugs usually pro- duce congestion; Hiese sympathetic nerves regulate the size of vessels of the brain #4 they do of the face; the face biushes gader emoilon; some entottous sud- denly contract the vessels to Lie extent of fuluttag, gine S expand % tO such an exient as sometimes oO burst them; wWinatural Wakesudess always indicates cerebral congesiion; = tettiporary Uh sunity 148 insanity of = sot urdtiou, dar ing which he 1a, per ru @ cfiiiiddi act; £ don't beteve in the heory that a man may be wholly sane one mowent, insane the next and sane the very next; there are always ciroumstances lea |. ing $0 it; aud when I \ound those circumstances { shoud be imelinet to reier the act to insanity, though [ would not tier insanity from the wots; the indacing disease may be unap- parent to ordinary observers, bus can be detected by # Close sciedliic Ovserver; there 18 @ set of simptoms met with in the very first stages of conge-tin only known to the individual, such as pain, or fu-ness in the head, heaviness in one side, a mnbness i the Gagers; if it goes on it ends in epi- psy, apoplexy, Tanammation of the brain, or manta; | bat a case a few days ago in which @ gen- Ueman Was mentally affected; he consulted me aud he informed me that but for the pride of his family he would have kuled himself long ago; there was no e for 1) $0 far as his Own circumstances weal; so- , pecuniarily and politically he ought to be oue yappicst Of men, 1 he was re ted a8 am jnvainable man by hts was no cause, 80 far as he could leterints nation to shorien lis days; when I saw him be was certainly on the verge of insanity. Then nothing saved hin bat his children? a, There were no other circus nut regard for his family; very frequently a desire for death docs over- come every olner feelting. q. Suppose that man to be troubled fa his do- ic ie and you found him in diferent civewm- si ss With regard to his family. A. Lt would take a very slight citcumstance to throw him off; he per- forms the duties of a very important office with fielity, and to the world he is quite ag ratioual as any other mau, Q And he may at any instapt lay violent hands upon himself? A. This is one case out of numerous ollers; L have seen dozens of them, Death of Judge Russel. District Attorney Garvin then mover that the court adjoura tn resyect to the memory of Judge Abrahan D. Russel. Counse for the prisoner, senior conngel and Mr. Gerry made some lveing remarks in secondlag the motion for adjournment, Which will be found in an- other column, Reoorder fackett, in pursuance of the motion, d- recied the proceedings to be eavered on the minutes of te cont, and taen adjourned the court andd eleven o'clock this morning.