The New York Herald Newspaper, February 13, 1870, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 13, 1870.—TRIP Ales, Te , Dut the reports publishes u reat exhibition gave 6,800,000; and figure of 84 000,000, cited by 'M. Thiers for the En Ligh, the same statistics give only 30,000,000, The Zoll- Verein, represented as @ formidable competi- tor, Nas only 2,500,000; Austria, 1,700,000; Rt the c10ne of as to the EUROPE. " ‘ay 1,800,000; 4 000; Belgium, 600,000, an French Socialism in “Alarming” Consp- | Switzertang,” “ison. ', Suen" to the. plewure of the cotton industry in Europe. Now let us inquire to What extent its protected, in France the pro- fective duly varies trom nfteen cents to three francs tne kilog., according Ce 5 lo the Zoilverein Ty 4s from ‘fiteen cents to forty-five cents. Prussia cing tects only the low qualities of large consumption, while we do the reverse, In Austria the duty 1s from twenty cents to aixty cents, only on the inferior sorts. What then, in presence of these duties, has been the importation of spun cotton into France? In 1868 Lue value of that from England was 5,817, 000f., and us our production represents four hundred au thirteen millions, We proporuon 18 only two per racy Against Imperialism. Bonaparte’s Foreign Enemies and Outside Influence at La Creuzot. “Sf. Pauens—I have @ table which gives for 1808 tem millions fot the English imporiauon, BM. DB FORUADE LA KOQUBTYx—Doubtiess, we do pot use (ue same documents; you have @ tnonthiy stutistic, whue I have ® more correct one for the whole year. Bat uo mattec; even if we say cight or ten mulions, the proportion will only be toree per cent, ‘The distress in the cotton manufacture does not arive trom Eagnsh competition, but from two causes—one being transitory, J mean the fluctuation in priges caused oy the American war, from which Epgiand suffered a8 Much as ourselves; the other, oi a more durable caaracter, is the transiormauion noW 1a progress, | mean the concertration of the trade in the L establishments leading vo the dis appearance of tue smailer ones. But this is an inev- itaole law of progress ; and as the cotton-spinniag trade empioys more of the raw material than tdld before 2 treaty, Lam eutatied to alfirin that 1 t6 not In & slate of decay. It employed, as | nave said, 6,000,000 spitidies iu 1859 and 6,80u,0.0 in 1863, When people speak of grand establishments do they mean factories Of B million or & mulion and 4 naif of spin- dies? By no means. In England a great house 18 one of 100,000 spindies ; In tavt, no factory shouid be too large for the possible survelliance Of an inspec- tor. And there is no reasou why France should not have estavlishments of the sam: maguitude, and thus éusiain & competition with ber neighoor, have said about tue fluctuation 10 tne cotion trade may apply also to Unat of flax. You all know 14 history ; it had @ moment Of very great prosperity during the American war; then covlon returned and fax Jell in value. However. the customs’ returns show that the importation of the raw materi bas mereased even Jor this artl- Ja 1509 it Was 23,000,000, and In 1868, 85,000,000, sre wlxo the movement of concentrauon, of wht I spoke, 18 In coarse of progress. 1 come now io the wool trade, France 13 in @ position to sustain competition with the foreigner. Since the vreaty of commerce the exports of this article have largely tho three years preceding the treaty Litey were 220,000,000, ‘5, 706 and '67, 871,900,000. Thus, When the negotiations of the treaty axed che protecuve duty on colton tissues af fifteen i earing less the competition in tne wool wade, they imposed fifteen per cent for the first period and only ten for the second, Bus facts which could not possibly nave been foreseen occurred. ‘The American War broke Out and cotton became scarce, ‘hen the discovery was made that sculls woven from Material MLXed Wit WOOL Were ¥s good as Lose of cotton alone, Koubalx aud Bradtord (Kngiand), two towns temurkable for their commercial activity, went largely into this trade, the Jormer supplying g00ds to tue Value Of 100,009,090 aud tue latter ior 40,000,000, M. BeaMme. —For 60,000,000. M. pe Forckps LA HogueTre—So be tt. I haston vo come to a conclusion. I shall vove lor tne Var- jaucutary enquiry Bad I hope it May be as general Nu Complete a8 possibie, that it may analyze ali we aemenis ol agricultural aod industriai riches, apd «at it may-examune all those who cau cast auy hight on the depale. 1am sasistied chat this investigation will furnish the striking justification of the treaties and also the general conviction that free trade is the oacé 10 wich Frauce ought to persist. (Great sp- plause.) Baron LEsrERUT—I shall only allade totwo points whica lave reterence to my department, the Hauve- Marne, which has oeen irequently mentioned in the deoate. ‘Shey are wool aud iron. "in wat concerns tne lormer i simply refer to the ooservations of di, ‘Tniers, Whose cunviclious I fully share, As to the secoud, It has been treated in @ very severe fashion by AL de Forcade la Koquevie, who, we see, is not a parusan of democratic idustry. He 18 only at- tracted by the great establishinents and even those he 18 prepared Lo abandon if ‘such a step Were Neoes- aary Ww that Sagland waich be descrives a being 80 rich in minerals, M. Tuisks—L admit that the scientific progress is in some way the cause Of the present suuedon, but not in sO great ® measure as 13 stated. M. de Porcade la Roquette may be proud of bis work, but 1 look upov it as deplorable, Nothing can be more imprudent than the treaues, for hu one can foresee Trish Landlordism---Its Influence and Effect in the North. PROGRESS QF THE PAPAL COUNCIL. The Cunard mai! steamship Java, Captain Cooke, from Liverpool the 28th and Queenstown the 20th of January, arrived at this port yesterday af.ernoon, ‘bringing our special European correspondence, 10 Geteil of the cabie telegrams dated to ber day of @ailling from Ireland. . Amau telegram from Newcastle-on-Tyne, England, ated midnight, January 28, says the tuber yara Delonging to Messrs. Temple and two adjoining streota were one mass of Mames. No eliauce of get- tang the fire undgr. The London Zunes and Neiws are opposed to a scheme of emigration at the expense of the State, “If the State,’’ it 1s said, ‘has to find work, so may it ind food, lodwing, education and amusement until England is luuced as a purely courmunist.c society.” ‘The Levant Heraid ot January 25 staves that tbe Porte telegraphed to Paria guarantveing to pay be- Tore the 31st of January 15,000 3 to the con- tractors for we supply of and vreeck- loaders to the Kaedtve, The report thatthe Cleator screw sicamer, from Liverpool for Bombay, stranded Ii Suez Canal, or that she had been lightened to admit passing through, was contradicted. Sir George Bowyer, Bart., left Eugiaud for Rome to attend the Ecumenical Council as a Knigut of Justice of the Order of Maita, or St, John of Jerusa- lem, Queen Victoria was recovering from an attack of neuralgia, which for some days prevented her leay- ing Osborne House, and was able to yo out for a whort time just before the steamer saliod. M. de Fouytelle writes inthe Paris Morsedilatse ‘that the story is absolutely untrue that he sald in a druggist’s shop “that Prince Pierre Bonaparte had killed his fricud, vut bad himself got a jolly box on ‘he ear.” FRANCE. Boclal Conspiracy Amongst the Working- men—Goverument Informed and Alarmed— Cash Aid from England and Orhor Pinces— Headguariers of the Demo: ratic gandism, Creazot aud the Str -PARIS, Jan. 2: A great sociatist conspiracy, among the working Slasses has been discovered, ‘The French geverd- ment is in possession of most tmportans documents, which provo that the strike at Creuzot ts counected With 9 widespread combination, having vrauches in England, Germany and other counties. In my pre vious letter I told you that the strike at Creuzot would nos be of jong duration, as the population of ‘hat place 1s peaceful and industrious, ‘The strike thereiaatancnd. The disadected have not suc- ceeded in exciting the masses to join them. ‘Ihe | (he consequences to which they may lead; engage- ringleaders declare that there will be another nts ane Roncre ip a pagreciedt Loe oF 5 ue Wadle civilized worl opp jo Con. outbreak so soon as the troops are with: | vontions, Q f Grawn, but the government will not order M. BRAME—M. Thiers 13 mght; tue treaies mast their remova! unti) all chance of danger | 20l be coniounded witi the tana. on has passed. The fact of up editor of tne M. THisgs—You smile in your ignorance of the suyject. (Noise) Everyoue, except tuuse Who have interrupted me 18 aware tat in Mngiand the trcalies are condemned, and that tle muis- ters ,defend themseivea by saying that thero was no other meaus of binding rrance, for if the nation had been cousulied it would never have consented to the arrangement, Tne 4th of rebruary is the last dave tor denouncing the treaty, but could not negouations be opened with Engiand to obtam some imodificaiious in the tarifs velore tat day, aud whick “would rendor such a step un- necessary ¥ For that reason we desire that the order of the duy should be changed, and that tue question of the treaties sould be discussed to-morrow, (Heur, tear ) M. Dé FoRCADE LA RoqvuErrz—I am of the same opinion, I tunk that tne deoute on the treaties should comme on immediately, The PRESIDENI—Theve being no more deputies tn- scribed to speak the general discussion is now cwsed, Tie urst interpellauon, deposited by M, CVazelies and several of is Colleagues, is to ask the goverament (o proceed to a pariuamentary inquiry on tue consequences of the Treaty of Commerce, As a0 One Oppes jus mouoa | now read the order of dhe day, With reasons assiguéd, reiauve Lu the same interpeiauion:— ‘The undersigned, considering that the debate which has taken place besore the Legislative body for a paritamentary inquiry on the conseque: ty of Commerce, proposes to name ia « puvlic siting abd by bnilot « committee of Lwenly-sevea members to proceed to } that investigation, ‘The Chamber bas therfore to fx a day to nominate thas body. M. KOULLEAUX-DUGAGE—Does the gove cept the number of tweuty-seven mnembe: 1ke PRESIDENT—It was no doubt 60 established Marsedlaise, having gone down t Creuzot, Dot sim- ply confluing lumselfto reporti. g the cvents of the day, but taking an active part in exciting the work- mon; the regeipt of money in aid of the strike from Paris, England aud otter countries; tis age of the ringleader Assy, & youu man of eight and twenty, who has worked in various countries, passing from works to works, after staying buta few montha at each, a fine gentleman with black coat aud wateh chain, but a very indifferent workman, with other indicatiows, were enough to prove there were other levers at work and that Creuzut, the great indusirial centre of France, had been chosen as tie most ke- ly spot for a successful outvreak. Jisturbances may be expected elsewhere. as the governineut have proofs that the compiot has ramiications through- out Europe, especially on the oorders of the Rhine; et Heidleiberg and other towns where the studeuts are in force. The conspiracy has four headquarters—one in England, another ati’aris, a third oo tag Rhine and tne fourth the luternationae, a Berne. The society oa we Kuine has assumed the title Burgenscuatt to pretend that it is the original society of students during the year l43. ‘that SOCIELYAS SUI In Existence; bat AS yet is not be- lieved to baye taken part with the present socialist conspiracy discovered by the government. At Doual sixty of Luc sluueats m the Lycoe huve becne. pelied for having signgd @ subscription list for erect- ing @ monument to uM memory qt Victor Noir and rnment ac- 3? expres#ing radical senaments. — Ia schools. fyoung France” 1s audicted to “tall tale” A friend | BY te Butgors of the interpeliatia to give tree of mine, living at Versuilles, has @ soa at college at as tar to each bureau. tt Sonik that place. When the young geuticman returns . THiens—L still believe that the question of the. iry should come aster the discussion of the com- lal treaues. ‘ihe Chamber decided that after the discussion of the first interpeliation should come on the biil rela- live to tus measares to be adopted concernlug the money required by the city of Paris. dhe proceedings were then brought to a close. home he indulges ia the expres rabid, radical principles. dhere 18 proof that the recent disturbance at SheMeld is connected with that at Creuzo.. Tue ring- leader of the sirike at Cruczot—Assy 4 young Maan 44 COO! 28 u CuculUber, pieuty of Assurance and fan unbounded ambition—a persou exactiy suited to be used as a tool by the leaders Of a party. He de- nies being a memper of the Fravernclic aud iuter- nationale, but adiniis that the movement might become political, and ne has for some time taugnt Lis comrades “not to tremble helore their patron.’ ‘the towa of Creazot, which has assumed political importance, lies in a Valley aud te sound of labor 18 mcessant by night aud by day. ‘‘here are coal and iron wines, and works for jhe cons.rucuoa of Tails, Locomotive, eugities for steamers, &c. Creuzos doves not only supply France, but specimens of her fandicrait tind their Way to ail parts of tne world. In 1782 @ company was fornied tw Work tue coal mines which had been discovered. At that time there was DO means of communication anu the Canal da Centre, which had long been proposed, was then commenced. A sieam engine by Watt was intro- duced. During seventy-five years there was on the walls of the vid works ap lngertplion stating that this foundry, the first of its kind, aad beon con- structed according to tie method vrougat from Eng. land and put into practice by Mr. Wiinam Walkio- son. Lhe Canal du Cenwe was terminated in 1793. AS economical means Of transport did not exist, other methods of turning tne coal to account a ol Lae invst IRELAND. Special Travel ia the North—The Landlord Sys- tem and Agricalture—The Herald’s Review of Causes and ConsequencesAt Donagha- dee—Farming and Rents in the County Down—Whut the People Say of Their Lund. lords. DONAGHADER, Jan. 27, 1870, From Bangor to @ place called Ballyholy, wiich is about eight miles southward from the northern coast, the soil is of a low, moory naturo, and is, I tutnk, badly adapted for either tillage or pasture, For several miles 1t 18 @ perfect bog on either aide, and the people generally convert tt into turf, which 1s, I find, thelr chief article of tuel during the winter. The boga, however, though numerous in this county, are generally smail, and are for the most part con- were sought for. Louis XVi. aironized the casting: of cauuon, Marie “aatoknaves the | Mued to the skirts of the high hilia and the moun- glass Works. Tue cunnen cast at Creuzot | rains, The road from Bangor to Ballyholy ts decidedly were tried an the spot, during the monarchy, republic ana empire. ‘The four Hons before the Palais de I'lnstitut, in this captial, were cast at Creuzot. At the close Of the war, 1n IA15, the 12,000 or 16,000 Workinen Were thrown ont OL employ meat. Subsequently tue gas pipes at Paris and the ma- cnines for the water Works @¢ Marley were made at Creuzot. In 1828 two Koghstmen bought, for one militon, two-thirds of the Works. Eight years later Creuzot passed, by a venme judiciaire, into other hands, aud Liree years subsequently tus honse of Teillieres became possessor and the worsil it establishinent Was coutide! to two of tu the brothers Schneiders, rom tuat day ui of Creuzos brighvened. Jn isis M. Adviplie Schael- der was thrown {voi his horse an Kugene Schueider became we establishment. In loi there w inhabitants; at tle present ime tuere 25,000. They formerly extracted 40,00 tous of coal, 1,000 KLogrammes to tie ton; Laey Now extract 260,000 tous and.consume double, Gue hundred and ten thousand Loos of Iron are produced, or one-eighin of the total production of Prence. One uundred jocomotives annuaiy leave te workshops, and Swoam epgined representing 6,600 horse power. The above sketch Is sullicient to show Lue disaster which would be caused by @ sudpelision Of work at Creuzot. Luckily, the majority of the workmen in Laat place 1s well disposed, vihterwise the late strike might Dave been utlended with most lamentable consequences, ‘Iwo regiments will be kept at Oreuzot, and the infermauou at present io the pos- session Of Wie goverment Will cause Such measures to be taken voat all atteunpes at revolution wl be Immediately suppressed, the worst! have yet travelicd in Ireland, and ts more like & private !ane or avenue leading to a far- mer’s lawn than a public thoroughfare. It ts allup hill and down hill, and Ido not think thata perch of tt is level ground, It 1s also newly gravelled with large, badly brokea stones, and this made our jour- ney over it more unpleasant. Our mode of convey- ance was, a8 usual, ‘an Irish jaunting car,” which rattled delightfully over tne etones, particularly when “Larry’’ (ook it into his head to let us see bow fast “Peg,” as he called his old white mare, was able to go, The Journey, short as it was, was by no means @ pleasant one, The driver, however, who happened to be a Catholic, created some amusement by telling us of the attempts made by the Presby- terians and Methodists to reclaim him, when atarmer’s boy in the couutry, from tie errors of Popery. “But now,” he continued, “I’m known as an honest man from Betfast to Donagbadee, an’ I’ve amare aud carof my own, an’ I dou’tcare that (cracking his whip) for the whole Jot of ’em.”” After a drive of about eight miles we turned to the left, passed through the iittie village of Crumlin, Which conststs of one tong street of very poor houses, and drove on to the eastern shore of the county, about two mules south of Donaghadee. For these two miles our ronte lay atong by the ocean. We had & most extensive view, not merely of the county, but of the sea, and we saw tho white hills of Scotiand shining above the waters, comparatively hear us. ‘The distance between this town and Port- patrick, in Scotiand, is only one and twenty miles, It is the nearest Irist séaport to Scotland, the passage to which can bg wade vy sicam veuselas in an hour and a half. partners, e forcunes KEree Trade or Protection—Tie Commercial Treatios with Euglund—Tho Cotton Supply Effects of the American War. The Legislative Body of France met in session January 25, M. Mege, one of the vice prosidents, in ‘spe chair, Phe discussion on the commercial treaties was resumed, M. fstapcelin called eauon the figures brought forward by M. Ame, Director Gen- eral of Castoins; also those Miduced by Al. de Por- cade Ia Hoquette reiative to the Gironde, ‘M. D# Fouvabe La Koquerts said—laving taken a View of the situation of some of our manufac. ‘ures J now coine to that of cotton. An honoravie ead waid thas France aumnarad 4.000.009 of DONAGHADRR. ‘This 1s ASsmall, qnict little town on the Irish chan- nel, about fifteen mii¢s from Belfast. ‘Tue yown con- sista of several streets, Which are wide and well kept; the housas ara nest and clean. and thera ara ao: Yory splendid private residences. The part of the town next the shores built in tho form of @ Ores cent, and thts shape, with the meatness and Whiteness 1 the houses along the quays, gives the piace @ very pieasing appearance. It ovcu- pee @ site of great natural beauty, which is, some extent, improved by art; it exhibits an @ppearance of cleauliness and comfort, and possesses il the advantages of a pleasant watering place, It bas # Soe bewco, good lodging nouses, baths and other requisites for the comfort and convenience of Visit who, 1 may remark, come here in crowds during the summer months. For a century and a qQuarcer the harvor has been # chiel packet station of (be government, and avout twenty yoars ago magnificent aruilcial harbor was cunstructed at tbe cost of @ quarter of a million, Donaghadee was che first town tm Ireland in which tne sewed muslin trade was introduced, During the 1ast half century this trade has veen carried on bere to a great exteni, but during the last few years it has been on the wane, 1 Und by tue Parliamentary Gazetiecr that in 1546 the exporss of Donaghadee were estimated in value at £64434, and Rad for their cluef Items £50,179 of cows and oxen, £6,620 of horses, £4,886 of obatoes, 41,000 of luen and £450 of wheat; and the ports were valued at £7,570, and bad for their chief a, £4,070 of coal, culm and cinders, and £1,250 01 ‘THE SURROUNDING COUNTRY. Through such parts of Down as 1 have yet travel- led, the country presented an appearance of com- fort, of industry, of taste, equal to anything I have geenio Hoyland, Burl am told that the iarming classes are not happy, though their homes present an appearance of comfort; and tne reason of their discoutent ws, because thoy have no security, and are, thereiore, completely ab the mercy of the land- lord, ‘They are alraid to speak out their grievances, as experience bas told them what would foliow in case they bad the courage to denounce their op- Pressors. One instance that occurred 1n the neigh- boriogd of tls tuwa will serve to ilusirace the state of servitude to which even the peasantry of this great ugricultural county are reduced, LANDLOBDS, A'landlord was stauding on the road engaged in Conversation With sume person or other, waen oue Of his tenants pi by. ‘Tbe latcer had procecaed @ perch or two wuea Che landlord called nim, and asked fim the reason be did not raise fits hat in passing, and why he was so disre- spectiult ‘ne Man, woo now wok his hat iu his.haad and remained uncovered during the con- Versation, endeavored to excuse himself by Re died tuat “he thought his worship was engagéd 2 atk log to the suranger.”” But unis excuse was, 1 need scarcely say, iusadicient to acquit bim in the eyes of the territorial lord, who eoinmunicated there and then to lus astonished sert the tuct that “were he again to negiect nis duty he would be evioved forthwith.” Now, 1 do not suppose that tuere are many land- lords in Ulster capavie of wis act of petty tyranny; UE, then. 1b wuss be rememoered Unat tuey have vile power of doing so uf they will. 4f one landlord be good und respect the tenant righ! also the feei- Ings of bis tenants, bis Successor May DO a tyrant and may respect ucither, Tae tenant, tuerefore, isenuuirely depending on woe will of the landiord, aod ibis of tals unsausiactory state of things taat he cowplains; but he complains in secret. As long as both landlord wad tenant conuuue to stand In Laese relative posl- uons, te one ba tuskmascerand the oter 13 a slave. ‘Yhe ‘latter must uecessarily ve BO, because he has not the power to exercise bis own free will, The will of the laudiord w to bin @ law against which he dias n0 appeal. Iho.d that 80 long 4% @ tenant 13 uaadie to refuse his vote to the laadlord, and retuse At regaraless af Cousequeuces, he us in & Condition of seridom Which should not be tolerated ander a tree government, Iam siruogiy mclued to tink that Ube iandiords of Ulster, iid as tney usualiy are, have carried thelr autuority @ livtle too far, The people, who are not (uuleas When they receive great provocation) muon inched to gruimbl-, are, 1 tnd, Circulating 10 & quiet way, bul nevertheless some- what extensively, documédnts expreasive of their feelings with regard to landli One of these documents, entitied cuisin,” came into my hauds @ few Gays ago, which, 1 think, repre,eats very tuily and fairly tne position and the opiuions of the peasantry, lt says that the Jandiord and the ageut promise aud vow thres things in the name ol every Irish tenaut:—“‘i'irst, that he should renounce all the couitorts of life: secondly, that he snould be @hewer of wood and drawer of Water, and thirdly, buat ne abould be » slave for thein all the days of his-life,”” ‘The arucles of the teuauts! beliet are as followa:- “T believe that Gou"n uo respecter of personas, thas He is king of kings and iord of lords, and taat He created ail things for the good of man, and that every man should enjoy the tratts of his iabor; for the laborer is worthy of ts hire, 1 aiso believe that 1 do not enjoy the fruits of my labor, for | am com- petied to give it to men who reap where they do not sow and gather wiere they have nos strewa, woo are better Known in tne bangueting all, the foreign club house or on the betting tied than in the school of industry or among their honest, Careworn tenaniry, save When the cora is ripe, 1 also velieve tuat | ain notable to pay, my rent irom the produce of my farmg and that the pomp and vanity of those men, who, like birds of passage, leave when they get the last grain of cora—meu who live in ease and 1ado- lence, rolling about i purple and fe linen and faring sumptuously every day On vbe toll and sweat of their ieiluw creavures and revelling on the bread of idleness—have reached its highest climax, and that it 28 full time they snould be brougni to Know and feei that the stalwart farmers are ihe bone and sinew of the land, and that they will no longer on- dure or subimit to the burdens heaped on tuem by a class of extravagunt landlords who are the onief cause Of the grievances Of this country. 1 believe in the fall of rencs, the lowering of taxes, tue sup- pression ol ¢rime and the emancipaiion of all sigves.’? ‘The opinions contained tn this extract are, I feel cercain, tle opinious of the farming c.asses througu- out the country. This exvract does not, oy any means, overstae the evils in connection with Irish landiordism nor tae degradation of the venant. Everywhere throughout tho country éuuilar com- plaints are made, TENANTS. Oppreased and persecuted as they are the peasantry must b6 perfectly coavinced tial you are ia no way cunnected with the laadiord class before they car be prevailed upon to disclose their grievances. Sut when they have @ moral certainty that you are nob wolf in sueep’s clotuing tney unbosom their sor- rows without reserve. As’ long a3 they are perse- cuted, and then prevented from telling their griev- aaces, they must necessarily be hypoctiies and slaves. ROME. Progress of the Councli—Plain Speaking by the Prelates—Church and | State—French “Impotuosity” Diocesan Appointments. Rous, Jan, 25, 1870, The sittings of the general congregations of the 19h and 2ist, anu probably of thus morning, have beeu remarkable for the eaergetic speaking of some of the leaders of the opposition in the Council. ‘The matters in discussion relative to discipline be- ing classed under the heading of three schemata, according tothe government programme compris- ing the duties of bishops—the mode of living of chierict, by which expression we are to understand the clergy or whole class of ecclestastics, and the reformation of the minor catechism, it is evident that the fathers were summoned to speak upon sub- Jects highly interesting to them. Wednesday the Archbishop of Smyrna, Monsig- neur Spaccapietra made an eloquent speech, the pur- port of which was in reality to advocate the modern doctrine of acomplete division of Church and state— @ doctrine always hatetui to the Court of Kome. The Cardinal Legate De Luca evidently corfsidered that the Archbishop had wandered @ long way from the original theme of.the duties,of bishops, and observe tohim that in isecribing his name on the list of orators on the preceding day he had not specified his intention of entering on this topic, which be therefore requested him to cease speaking on. Other bishops rose to matutain the privileges of the orators’ tribune, and opined that even if the matter treated of by the Archbishop aid not, strictly Speaking, enter into the ordergof tle day, tt was of such overweening interest that apy formalities in opposition to it might be waived, Monsignear Dupanioup jspoke for the frst time tn the general congregation of yesterday and found a heme worthy of his impetuous eloquence in the lives aud habits of the clergy, dpropos of which ne launched out into comments upon the customs and careers of the prelates of the Court of Rome, which Toust have been anythiug but agreeable to “ears polite” at the Vatican. Among the propositions of the governuent respec'ing the duties of bishops was a very import. ant one by which, tf carried, the nomination of their respective vicars genéral would no longer.remain With them, but be attributed directly to the Pope, Thus naturally encountered a most vigorous oppost- tion from the liberal fathers, several of whom spoke against it, complainiag that the Council of trent vad @iready taken away too inany of thelr ancient myits aid privileges, and that it would be more to tae pur- pose vo restore sume of those instead of reducing stk further the tudependent action of bishops in thelr respective dioceses. itis evident from the spirit thus aroused in the Ecumenicai Council that the fathers are not disposed Lo pass unquestioned the pretensions of the Court of Rome la any category except, perhaps, wat of the corporal assumption of tae Mado: It is, on the contrary, becoming more and i. probable that tbe whole of the oilicial schemata or propositions for canons elaborated with so 1uch care and persever- ance during tne last year by the preparatory coiu- missions will be rejected, at avy rate in vbeir original fori, by the general congregations, and, therciore, will have to go through anotner long course of digesti manipulation avd modification by the deputations of tne four categones— Faitn, Discipline, Regular Orders and Oriental Atfars—before they cam obtaim that prelimt- nary sanction, if they ever do #0 at ail, of the fathers in congregation, without wiich they cannot be definitively voled on and formaily pro- muigated in the solemn public sessions of the Ecu- meuical Council. The schemata of faith had all vo be sent for revision to the deputation of tuat cate- gory, and those of dicipiine Atand @ fair chance of undergoing (ae sane fate. Reasoning hy onelogy tt is to be supposed that the government prgposiions comprised in tho ovnertwo categories, will encounter similar opposition; for experience already shows us that whatever mere numerical majority it can com- mand, the Court of Kome cannot reckon upon the support of the enlightened aud influential members of the munority, and it unfortunately happens that the ofictal pro, tions of the government tura out to be invariably distasteful to the intellectual and independent portion of the Ecumenical Assembly, Tne following sre the names of the twenty-four fipere elected to form the deputation of Oriental Rites and Apostolic Nissions:—Bostant, Maronite rite, Arenbishop of Tyre and Sidon; Spaccapie' Apt ackioam Biles doa ners; Behnal nn: Op o' ; Greer heleutte rite, Bishop of rarzu and Zane, Pap premiingyie Bishop of Great Varadin, Hungary; Cucercia, Archbishop of ‘Trenopolis in paribus; De la Pace, Bishop of Adrianapolls i partl- ous;; Charbonneaux, Bisnop of Tasso tn partibus; Grant, Bunop of Southwark; Alcazar, Bishop of Palo 1% partibus; MoGettingan, Bishop of Raphoe; Pluym, Bishop of Nicopolis; Nasarian, Armenian rice, Archbishop of Mardin; Melchizedekian, Armenian rite, Bishop of Bzyeruin; Bar-Seinu, Caldean rite, Bishop of ‘Yatmas; Lynch, Bishop of Toronto; Marango, Bishop of ‘Tine and Micone; Laoaenan, Bishop of Flaviopolis in part(0us; Couaseau, Bishop of Angouléme; Goesoriand, Bishop of Burlington; Valerga, Latin Patrtarch of Jerusalem; Quin. - inal of Brisbane; Poirier, Bishop of Roseau (antulles), THE BALL SEASON. A Week of Terpsichorean Festivities, Notwithstanding the numorous brilliant balis which have kept New York soctety on the whirt throughout the winter, the ball season has lost none of its gayety and tashionables are as enthusiastic as ever in the mazes of the “German,” the ‘‘Lancers,” &o, Scarcety a night passes without several bails, each #0 attractive as to cause great distraction among the fair ones a8 to which they shall attend ; and the caterers to such entertainments are taxed to their utmost in meeting the many demands for mu- sic, Mowers andthe delicacies of the banquet room, A drive through the streets of New York by gas light reveals a@ spiendid panorama of — festivity. In_ addition to the opera houses, theatres and other fashionable resoris, olaziug wish gas jeta and resplendent wita gor- geously attired audiences, almost every aristocratic sireet has some eddy of hurrying equipages in it, upon Which @ flood of hight pours out from some palatial residences, Oiled with the sounds of music and dancing. 14 would be impossible to enumerate all uch scenes that occur in the metropolis ona single might. They illuminate the fasbionavle quarters as if by magic, and the belated pedestrian, hurryiag aloag tue sidewalk, catches melody alter melody as he hastens stuning entrances and groups ages to his home. But the feaure of: the ball season consists of ‘the grand entertainments to which the public generally are invited, ‘Tais week overs a magnificent prograinme of such festivities, and one from which 16 will not be easy every might to make a selection, To-morrow night, the ‘“Menner G:sing-Verein- Eichenkraaz” give & ans masquerade bali at Irving Hall; and “Phe Festive Shoo Fes” give a similar entertainment at Dodworth's Hail, which the Viekets announce suall be “theairical,” “symmetri- cal” and “etcetrical.” Tuesday night City Lodge No. 498, F. and A, M., gives a grand ball at tae Academy of Music in aid Of the distressed Master Masons in Caba; the Mliih anaual calico hop of the Ball, Hop and Pleasure Ciub takes place at Apollo Hall, and the New York Independent Butcher Guard give tucir sixteenth annual fancy dress and civic ball at the National Assembly Koons, . Wednesday evening the Apolio Coterle give their Annual iuyitution ball at Lyric Hail, and the annual bali of the New York Kiremen’s Association takes piace at Apolo Rooms. ‘{nuraday night the Thirty-seventh regiment, N. Y. N. G., holds itg annua reception at the regimen- umory, corner of Inurty-tl{uh street and Broad- 1; the Dry Goods Clerks’ Early Closing Associa- tion give an invitacion oall at Irving Hail, and the grande vat dansante of the Literary Galaxy wakes place at ‘'renor’s Lyric Hall. friday night the Hignth regiment, N. Y. 5. N. G., holds its sixth auoual reception at Lyric Hall, THE WAYS OF WALL STREET. Report of the Committee of the Gold Board=— Van Soun & Co.. Recommended to With- draw from the Board. ‘The special meeting of the committee of the Gold Board appointed to inquire into the charges made against Van Staun & Co, was held yesterday at two P. M., the President of the board, Mr. Underhill, in the chair, Tho minutes of the previous meeting having been read, the President stated that the re- port of the committee was next in order. Mr. Camblass, then read the report. As was anticipated in these columns, the report was non-committal, but the committee significantly recommended the members of the Gold Board not to transact business with Van Saun & Co., pending the action of the courts, and also requested the suspected firm to w ithdraw from the Board in the meaniime. Mr. Keppler was anxious that the Board should Not be held responsible for the doings of Van Saun & Uo. while their affairs are being investigated, and made a@ motion to thas effect, wuich, however, waa not received. Quite a numover of statements ana ailidavits were, it appears, Landed to the comanttee as evidence, but what 1s remarkably strange, neither Barr, Dows nor Sharkey, Who shoulds«know more about the doings of Van Saun & Co., were notified to give evidvnce before the committees. It isa ghia quarrel as 1% stands, but if Van Sun & Wheeler come out completely whitewashed it will be an ex- ampie of the sharpest practice on the record of Wail street, Without prejudging the action of the Superior Court, it may be safely predicted tiacthe law pro- ceedings on Tuesday before Judge Spencer will de- velop iacts quites a3 extraordinary as those 1n con- nection with the adroit firm of Gray & Co., with whom, it is alleged, Van Saun & were on Liti- mate business relations, Whatever may be the judg. Ment Of the court, there cau be no doubt that the honest brokera and bankers will reap a substantial beneft from the fearless and unprejuviced expusi- Uoa which first appeared exclusively in this paper. ‘The most important junctions of a newspaper is to eXpose Gugrant wrongs and denounce wom, WILL OF HORACE BItNEY, JR. {From the Philadelphia Inquirer, Feb. 10.) The folowing 13 a Copy Of tue will of Luis gentle. man as admitted to propave:-— Inthe name of God, amen. I, Horuce Binney, Jualor, of the city of Philadelphta, do make, publish and declare this my lavt will and testainent. Imprimis.—L order wad dircot that all my just debts and funeral expenses Le fully paid as avon as may be done after my decease. ‘ie 1-1 give and bequeath to my deur wife Eliza Frances, for her own use absolutely, all my household and kitchen furniture of every description, whother userul or ornaments, also ull househowd stores, books (excepuing my law book: Plaiey preturos, prints, clothing, ry, watch, personal oroainente and ail my private papers, ollbr than evidonce of property. Tirui %--T give and devise to my anid deat wife, for the term of her natural life, my house, No, 227 South Sixth street, ip the city of Philadéipia, abe paying the taxes thereon and keeping the same in repal Zam 8,—All the reat, residue and remainder of my property, real, personal and mixed, I give, devise and bequeath as follows, to wit:—Oae equal third part thereof to my eald dear wife, Eliza Frances, her heirs, executors and adminia- trators, in absolute property, aud. the other two-thirds parte thereof to my children who shail be living at my death, and the {aso of such as shall be then dead, their heirs, executors and administrators, (n absolute property, equally, but tl fesuo of any deceased ohlid to take Only the suare thelr pareat If Hving woul ken, Item 4.1 authorjze and empower my executors to dispose of any portion of my real estaio and con to purchasers, free from ail lability to woe to t of the purchase mone} it and ry th 1e application 1 5-8 (a wife at any time desire ft I author- {ze to sell my house, No. 227 South Sixth street, and with the proceeds thereof to purchase any other house’ and premises which rly said wife roay aclect for her residence, the pur- chasers of the said house, No. 227 South Sixth street, not to be ifable to see to the application of the purchase money, and the new purchase to he considered as » substituie for the original devise, jd wile (or the term of ber natural ii aforesaid, my the houses de 60, and to rect lence, should she des! ‘oto inatead of cupying the 6 HOACK BINN Buia, Fu BEUETY Breoutors, JULy 98, 1K61. Gotici.Should any of my children die under age, and without leaving issue living at the death of auch child, the share of such child so dying sail go to my surviving children, except my son Horace and their issue, equally ta absolute property, auch issue to take only the wiare their parent if living would have taken. HORACK BINNEY, Ji. Samo executors, NOVEMSEK Lu, 1864, : Second Codiril,-I revoke and annul the third item of my will (containing tue deviae of the residue of estate) aud iu- stead thereof E devise and beg follows T give and bequeath to my el Horace y or um of $5,000. e All the rest, residue and remainder of my estate, real and personal, I give, devise und bequeuth as foulows, to wit: Ono equal third part thereof to my sail dear wile, ber heirs, execu- tors and adminiatrators, a absolute property, and the other two-thirds thereof to and among such of my six younger children as #iall be living at my death, and the issue of such of the said six younger chil¢ren as ahall be then dead, their heirs, exectitors and administrators, 19 avsolute property equally; but the issue of any deceased child to take only the share Welr parents, if living, Would have taken, HORACE BINNEY, Jn. WILLIAM JORNSON BUNSEN) gyeu Joie BINNEY, paste Dovesuen 1, 1268, eats Ick rrom Cayvoa Laku.—The Auburn (N. Y.) News says:—‘Ice dealers are reaping a rich harvest at Cayuga lake. The ice is not over six or eight Inches in thickness, yet very large quauucios are daauy taxen out, Mr. Pelton, at Cayuga bridge, shipped twenty-four car loads to Syracuse, Satur- day, for the New York Central Ratlroad Company. One hundred car loads will be sent down to that elty tie coming week, and after that a large quan: tity will be forwarded to Kochester,”” RavaGES OF MENINGITIS IN THR Sovry.—This malady is prevailing in Atlanta, Ga., and vicinity, and creating mach alarm among the population. “gome of the most promising lads in the city,’’ says the Jatelligencer, “have been cut off suddenly from lve.” No one attacked has escaped death, and tho popular alarm 1s increased by tho fact that the phy- siclans seem at & lony how to tre The same isease—cerebro spinal meningitis ~is prevailing Mobile. and w attended ty the same povular dread, LE SHEET. THE DEATH PENALTY. Exeention in Virginia of Alexander Gard- ner, a Negro, for Complicity in Double Murder and Arson—Atrocious and Brutal Nature of the Crime— Spesch on the Scaffold. New Kent Count Houses, Va., Feb. 11, 1870, Alexander Gardner, a negro, one of the notorious New Kent murderers, tn the presence of quite a erowa paid the penaity of bis terrible crime on the scaffold to-day. Nearly two years has elapsed since one of the most sanguinary tragedies on record startied and horrified the peaceable and law-abid- ing citizens of this county, Lewis Kenneay and Alexander Gardner, negroes, murdered John Baker and Mrs, Julia Stewart. Af a place called Pegg’s Point, just above the port of Weat Point, at the bend of the Pamunky river, lived a Mrs. Julia stewart, a widow, the proprietress of @ small plantation and the reported possessor of & considerable amount of money in specie and greenbacks. Residing with her, in the capacity of overseer or Manager, was @ man named John Baker, a half Indian and negro, who also lived in criminal intimacy with her, and he, too, was known to have a large amount of money of nis own. In the same neighborhood in 1867, a negro named Alexander Gardner lived, who was frequently employed by Baker to work on the piantation, About this time ‘here appeared in the vicinity another negro, named Lewis Kennedy, hailing from North Carolina, who also obtained empioyment from Baker, and these make the principal parties to the tragedy. Mrs. Stewart, whose maiden name was Hockady, was good looking, of very preposseasing manu:rs, and came of @ most fespectable family; but report says she had been, sinco her marriage, 8 woman of loose morals. Her husband died about ten years since, apd shortly afterwards John Bakor, the bali-breed Indian, became & frequent visitor at her house, aud from the fact that ho was seen coming and going at the most unseasonable hours, she was regarded by people in the neighborhood as bis mistress, So no- torious had this become at the close of the war that It failed to excite any surprise, and as if it was no longer an object to conceal thelr illicit intimacy, Baker, at the urgent request of the lady, took up his residence with her. In this double capacity of Manager and paramour Baker continued to live with Mrs. Stewart; but it was not long before they disagreed, quarrelled and even blows resulted from their dissensions. BAKER’S HISTORY 44 one entirely peculiar to the South, resulting from the “peculiar institution.” He had always been noted as a quiet, orderly and industrious colored man, and during the era of slavery, noiwithstand- ing toe prejudice entertained aguinst free colored persons, he merited by his exemplary conduct the title of the most respectable tree person in tho county, By nis industry he had ee ey made ® comfortaole subsistence. and he even became the owner of a little property. Some years prior tothe war he became enamored of a black maiden, lor woom he proiessed the great- est devolion, and to whom he made proposais of martiage; but owing to the laws und customs then governing this community—wedicck between free and colored persons being forbidden—his nonorabie desires were frustrated. ‘They could not pe united under che crue! laws of the country, But they were at this time ‘Two-nouls with but m single thought, ‘Two heartu that beat as one, me oonsipering Mie ig hg wedded in = ren OF eir Maker, they lived ay. ufe, Baker fired Ria wite Prdin hor mhkioe and hived With hee a considerable number of years, four children being born during this period; but, alas for human con- Brancy, he loved and was loved in return by a tree colored woman, He gave up his old wife for the new one, not, however, without going through the legal formality of obtaining @ divorce, and, {0 hig credit be it said, he settled upon the motuer of his chiluren one-third of all the real and personal property of which he was owner, and leit her*in good circumstances. Another divorce and another separation followed in ‘the Case of the second wife, when Baker became the paramour of Mrs. Stewart, over wnom he ovtained entire control. Her money, valuabies, and every- thing she possessed Was surrendered to him, and the former with his own money he carefully secreted in 8 crevice in the brick chimney up stairs, where 10 would be an impossibility to discover It. From ail that can bow be gleaned out of the testimony tt is aupposed that it was this HIDDEN TREASURE which led Gardner to participate in the terribie crime for which he died to-day. -Mverybody iu the neighborhood, more particularly those in the em- ployment of Messrs. Siewart & Baker, were cogni- gaat of the fact that # large amouut ‘of money was concealed In the house; but until Gardner was dis- missed from the service of both nobody ever enter- tained any design uponit. Gardoer had fora iengtn of time neglected his work, got in dept to Baker, nd had, 1t 1s said, committed several robberies, one among the latter being the theft of a gun and other articles from the Louse of Mrs. Stewart during the absence of Baker at Yorktown, who, upou his return, at once discharged Gardner und warued bim of the place. This robbery sv alarmed Baker when he heard it that nis first impulse was to see if the money was safe, and he flew to the secret police, where he found the treasure untoucved. Fearing a second attempt be then placed the money in glass jars, took them with him ous of the house, and, it is Supposed, buried them in the woods; for, to the present, Do ciue has been obtained as Lo their where- aoouts, This discuarge Of. Garduer 13 one of the main causes which originated in the crime; but in the case of Kennedy ‘ REVENGE was the’ motive by which he was acwated. Like bis accompice, Kennedy had also been discharged by Baker, and was warned oif the premises; bub Kenneuy Was at the time cohabiting with a black woman named Annie, living at Mrs. Stewarts piace, and in direct vivlation of vakei’s orders he continued his visits to the woman. Between these two the most disgraceful scenes took piace; they quarrelied gand fought, and frequently made night bidevus wiin yells, curses aud screams. Kennedy, whog Was} savage and vielous, used to beat te) =6woman i a frightlul mauner, and it became such @ nuisance in the neighborhood tna Baker again ordered Kennedy and the woman voth to leave his premises, 1tis imperative order Was at length complicd with, but Kennedy fad in- Wwardly sworn vengeance against his persecutor. Kennedy then went to reside with Garduer, avout two miles distant from Mrs. Stewart's, and the mat- ter was nearly forgotten until he mes Baker at a store sometime afterwards, when he seized him, en- deavored to drag him from the house, and would bave beaten him severely but tor the inverposition of @ constabie, who pat an end tothe diMculty. Ken- neay then said to Baker, “111 Kili you if it takes me tive years.” ‘I'nis all occurred some time previous Lo Septeinver, 1868, wad irom that time the two vil- latins bad resolved upon the double tragedy and other crimes they aiterwards committed. Once tney dogged the steps of Baser to the city of Rich- mond for tne D gen oye of murdering him, but an Opportunity did not once present itself to carry their purpose into execution. ‘This was about one month previous to the commission of the deed. About this time the relations of Baker and Mrs. Stewart were oy no means pleagaut or agreeabie; they bad quarreiled and fought and Baker Uad again fallen in love—this time with an Indian maiden of the Cherokee trioe, who have lived on the Pamunkey from time iinmemorial. To this lasvovject ol nis wdoralion he wasengaged to be married. a fact w.th which Mrs. Stewart had long been acquainted, and hence the quarrels and disseusions, ‘Iwo weeks before the murder of both their last guarrei took piace, and though living under the sauie roof, ib is said they never spoke to each ovher again. DOUBLE MUDER AND ARSON. Kennedy and Gardner, both armed with old army muskets, Joaed and hung arouad the viciuity, Watching an opportunity to carry out the terribio purpose they bad already resolved upon. At length, on the eventful evening, now familiar here aa the “last. Saturday in Sepceroer, 1$66,"’ tue two mur- derers leit their home armed, and proceeded in the direction of Mrs. Stewari’s, Baker bad been cutting wooa some distance from the house, aud the two lurking villatus well know the route by whiot be would retura, Arriving avout dusk they iuy tn wait near @ hog-pen Baker usuaily visiied before going to the nouse. Tuey hud calcuiated weil, for soon tueir Victi made his appearance, Walklug along lelsureiy, with his axe upow his shoulder. Ue had reacned the peu, a (ew yards distant from the concealed 459a49iN3, Wheu Uiere Was @ loud report Of 4 mus- ket, and Baker fell, exclaiming, **Murder! murder! I’m kiiedi" The unfortanate man was pierced py two balla, which entered his left side and lodgeu ta the right ride, one of them being einbeded in the Olher. He made an effort to rise with his expuing exclamation, but a powertul blow of a musket dealt by one Of tne assassins, Which broke the musket at tue breech, and severed his Head in twain, leit hun a Lileless and mangled corpse. The assassias tuen tho pockets of their victim; but instead of Hading @ large amount, as they apposed, they were only rewarded by the discovery of ten cents In cop- pers. Had their appetite for plunder oeen appeased in tho first instanee they might have retired without steeping weir murderous havas in the blood of anotaer victim; but Chis disappointment trenziea them, and they became still more bloodthirsty. In- tent on plunder they at once left tne dead body of Baker, and went direct to the house of Mrs.’ Stewart, who they knew to be alone, and here the incarnate flends perpetrated a horror which for atrocity and barbarity has no equal dn the annais of crime. Without any ceremony ihey eptered and demanded of the woman the place where the money was hidden. She told them she dia not Know where Baker had hid*it. ‘This, which was (he trath, the scoundreis did not believe, and they threatened her with instant deavh if she did not at ouce reveal the whereabou's of the money. Secine they were determined the woman begged and im- plored mercy, and assured them if she knew she ‘Would at once tell them ail about It. From & confeasion subacauen@y made hy Gardmar {t appears that Kennedy, who is a match for the arch-flend himself, wen overpowered and ravishod the uniorconate woman; and having savafied bis brutal passions. he (ook one of the fire dogs or 1rons from the fire place, with which he struck her on the head, crushing in ber skull and killing her almost instantly, Plunder came next, Dur tue wretches found nothing but some brown flour, sugar and cotfee, which they carried off. But teari detection, they cut open @ bed tick, tool from it the with wich it was tilled, and igniting this, set fire to the house, which was soon envoloped in flames, Having done this much to destroy the evidences of their guilt, the Mourderers then, carrying with them thelr booty, retraced their steps to the body of their first victim, which they carried to ® Wharf om the river side and threw it in, fastening the barrel of the broken musket to lt, One of them descended to the water, sunk the body and anchored it, by sticking the musket barre! deep into the bottom of the river. Feeling assured that there was no means by which thoy could be discovered the murderers sullenly walked home—saaly disappointed in their expectations of # few hours before. ‘fo this day the money has never been discovered, The secret of its place of depoats Was buried with Baker. ‘The ARREST OF THY MURDERERS ‘ did not immediately take place, On the Sunday morniug following the commission ef the crimes Mrs, Stewart's house was a mass of amoking débr! the chimney being the only standing monument the edifice. ‘The charred bones of # human being, proven afverwards by medical testimony to be those of @ Woman, were dlavovered in the ruins, aud this gave rise to the belief that Baker bad murdered the woman, fired the house and fied, a8 it was known they had not been on very amicavie terms for some time past. Svon, however, this suspicion was dis- pelied by the mute but convincing evidence of Baker's murdered body, which, a3 soon as the tide Went out, was found anchored vo the bottom of the river, Traces of tie four and other articles of piun- der the murderers had carried of were on tue ground, and two detectives trom Richmond were not long in bringing guilt home to the proper parues. ‘Luey followed the ciue of flour on the ground, and this lea them to Cue house of Gardner and Kennedy; both of whom were at once arrested. A chain clrcumstantial evidence the most conclusive was establisied, and the murderers were committed for trial. In avout six weeks after their im- carceration in jail Garaner ran the gaunt- lew of the guard at the jail and, though fired at and wouuded, made good his cacape into the woods, and once there he succeastuily eiuded pursuit, For nearly two months he continued at large until a gentleman who had been living here recognized him hanging about a farm some three or four miles from Richmond, As in duty pound he went to Gardner to arrest him, and calling him by his mame demanded lis surrender, when Gardoer fied. He then fired upon him, wounding bim in the knee, after which he was easily captured and conveyed back co his Jormer quarters at the jail here, Escape No. 2 was euected by Kennedy a few days before the trial of both was to take place, in November last, This no- torious and desperate criminal 13 still at large, and has thus far cheated tie scaffold out ofits dues, not withstanding thut a large reward is offered for bw arrest by Governor Walker. It i supposed Ken- nedy returned to North Carolina, where he boasted while here of having killed @ white man. He bnr- rowed (through the 1oundation Of the jail and got ous during the mght. Gardner was in the same cet, but the aperture made was not large enough to admit of his body passing through, and he baa to stand WS TRIAL alone. Evidence substantially ag the narrative above was elicited, and the jury, after # short ab- sence, returned to the court room with & verdict of “Guilty of murder in the first degree.” In ing the sentence of the extreme penaity of the law the Judge askea the accused if he had anything to say why the sentence of deash should not edt \- Younced upon him, to which he repiled, “I would like to go to de Penitentiary a3 long as I lib, if dat will please the gemman.”’ His Honor then made a very impressive address, and Sentenced the prisoner to be hanged by the ae} Until dead, at the place of execution, on the 7th January, 1869. The condemued received his gen- tence with coolness and composure, not seeming te fully appreciaté his awful position. He was re moved to the jall, and aficr @ lew days made the following . CONFESSION. The first part of the year 1868 1 lived with John Baker; Near the Ist September or the same year I moved to lived tn the house with Lewis Kennedy. ° Previous to moving there Lewis bad a dillicuity with Baker, aud avowed to be Tevenged when an opportunity offered. In @ short time afier I moved to Kefbedy's he proposed that I should ereay im to kill Baker! I finally consented to go with im, bul he was to commit the murder. ‘The day was ti agreod on, and tarted late inthe afternoon. He one road ‘und I another. He expected to tind Baker a ihe barn, but if not there, to go the house and murder bie and Mra, Stewart in the house. He Baker near the woods and shot him. I heard Baker say, “Oh Tm killed.”” Tran to the spot and found Baker dead "and ‘Keo- nedy with a broken musket in bis hand. He said be broke t1e musket over Baker's head when he cried out, Remained with the body and Lewis went to the honse. He sald, when he returned, that he threw Mrs. Stewart down, ravished her ua long as he wished and thea murdered her with a fire iron, after which herobbed the house and set it on fire. He re turned with Hour, bacon and other things. Lewis sald he t ton coppers in money. We then carried the body te we, threw it in the river, with the broken musket . The ramrod was mine.’ 1 lent it to Lewis, He at- tempted to reload his musket, but did not on account of Ba- ker's criea, ‘rhis, 1t is supposed, was made with hope of ob- taining a commutation of his seatence to imprigon- ment for life, as some of the statements are regarded palpably faise; put tinding it failed, Gardner, wao was more shrewd than people generally supposed, began to play insaue, and succeeded 80 far as to have & medical commission appointed by General Canby to examive him, and this occasioned @ respite of thirty days, which expired to- day. Two army surgeons and a private physician thoroughly testea his mental condition, and prouounced him perfectly sane. A petition asking the Uovernor lo commute bis sentence was then gotten up and Jorwarded to Richmond, but his Excellency firmly refused to interfere with the course of the law, a8 he saw no extenuating circum- scance in tue case. Up to last night, aud even thm morolog. tue condemned had some hopes of a commutatiou of his sentence, or at least a respite, but lus last hope disappeared with tao notification of the deputy snerul, Mr, Brooks, that nis time was near at hand—he must die to-day. The wretched man received the announcement with the sauie Coole bess and demeanor tuat hud previousiy characterized bin. THE SCAVFOLD was a rudely erected, but substantial structare, con- sisting of & square platform, ten by ten feet, sup- ported by uprigits and surmounted by a gallows. The platform was about eight feet nigh, with a trap door in the centre, and the crossbe: of the gailows Was siX fect six inches aoove Ciis, giving a clean fall of six Ivetif aeswrabie. A prop supported the trap door, anu this knocked from underneath caused its fail, There 13 no jail yard here, and, in conse- quence, the scaffold was erecied on the edge of a sirip of woods not far from the Court House, ‘bus effectually hidden irom view, Gardner spent tae greatest portion of his LAST MORNING on earth receiving Jriends, taking a last farewell aud Occasionally praying. About eleven & Colored preacher entered tne cell of the coudemned man, and remained with him until taken ont, affording lum all the reiigious Consolation in his power, and exhorting him to repentance. Gardner endeavored to pray, but so excited Was he that every attempt te compose himsell failed, and in this Way the morning assed. ? Under the supervision of Captain Brooks, the Sherif (an ex-icderal officer), all the nab preliminaries for the execution were com- pleted, Eight armed guards were in at tendance to eniorce the decree of the law. These Were stauioned round the jail, keeping back the crowd apd otherwise preserving order during the morning; but many scenes, a mockery of the condemned man’s position, were enacted on the court house green, 1p front ol the fail. The greatest hilarity prevailed among the attending crowd, who jaughed, joked and engaged tn various games, the sound of the sport reacuing the con- demned in his cell, diverting is attention from the religious servi¢es in Which he was engaged. At apout hall-past tweive o'clock the Sheriff en- tered the cell of the condemned, pinioned him by the arms and the agiemn procession to the scalfoid was formed. With the fatal noose dangling from bi neck the coulemued surrounded by the guard, with the colored preacher at his side marched tirmiy across a common to the scaffold followed by the throng of peopic. Lnaided he ascetded the steps te the platform and the rope was made fast to tne beam above. The Sherif tien read in & loud and clear voice the death senience of the court, and the subsequent respite of Governor Walker amid a breaulless sileu All this time the cop- demned appeared composed, and when asked if he bad apything to ray he hesitated, but at lengep, alter taking @ quiet survey ol the gallows, he turaed to the crowd, many of whom were gigging aod laughing, particularly the colored females, and suid:—**You are all here to-day to see me hanged. idon't know wuether Um gwine to heaven or to hell.” (Laughter among tue negro women.) ‘Yes, you" may all laugh at poor me no on dis scatiold; vat de devils in nelk re laughing at you now.” (Voice of & woman, ih yes; you will eat de geese what seeds on our graves, you will,”) Jam gwine to die. Some people used to be friends of mine When 1 was free; but I had no friends now. Dey say 1 killed John Baker, Aud dat 1 killed Puss George jure. Stewart); but, thank God, I can now say dat J am innocent. No one Was linpiicated in the murder but Keumedy aud mysell.’” ‘Tis concluded his speech, which several women responded lo with jeers and seemingly derisive laughter, A biack shroud was tuen placed over the condemned, afier which @ rambling sermon was deliverea by une preacuer, followed by hymn, in whica severat ol tue crowd jolped—all this prolonging tue tortures of the unfortunate wretch, ‘Phe officers then took leave of the condemned, tuo cap was placed over his head and at twelve minutes past one the drop fell with @ heavy thud, and al) that was eartily of Aicxandor Gardner Was suspended tn mid-air, ‘The fall was about five fee.; be never struggled, and after hanging twenty-four minutes life Was declared extinct by the attending paoysi- cians, Dra. Len Slater and I. ©, Williams, The body was then placed in @ coffin and lowered into a grave already prepared for it at the scaffold. Waar Ang You RUNNING For t—There was proba- bly never before in the history of the Siale so many candidates for office. It is the rule in every village and town, city and county in Virginia, end people have quit asking each other whan they meet on the street, “How 1s your health?!" or “How do you doy ‘The new salutation is, “What are you running for?” The situauion reveais tho sitaitened circumstances of thousands wno in their prosperous days would ave scouted @ candicacy for positions which they ALS earnestly Mredertoksbura (Vad