The New York Herald Newspaper, December 27, 1869, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY “AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. All business or news letter and telegraphic despatches must be addressed New York Herarp. Letters and packages should be properly sealed. Rejected communications will not be re- turned. Volume XXXIV AMUSEMENTS THIS THIS EVENING. BOWERY THEATRE. or Traz—Tue Borris | “Powery.-Gio, TE ARMORER WALLACR'S THEATRE, Broadway and 13th street.— CENTBAL Park. THE TAMMANY, Fourieenth strect.—Tur BURLESQUE or Bap DiokkyY. GRAND OPERA HOUS! S8d mreet.—Lingann’s But corner of | ux ¢ hth avenue and BLN ATION BOOTH'S THEATRE, & Guy MANNERING. OLYMPIC TEEATRE, Lau. een oth and 6th avai Brosuway.—UNDER TUR GaAs: FIFTH AVENUE THEATRE, Dvxe's Morro. abe FRENCH THEATRE, 14th st. and 6th ay.—LirE IN Lonpon. ACADEMY OF MUSIC, 14th eircet.—HERRMANN, THB GueRar PRESTIDIGITATEOR. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Livres En'iy. WOOD'S MUSEUM AN ner Thirtieth st.—Matinee MR&. F. B, CONWA Tus Ducukss oF Nor Twenty-fourth #t.—THR Broadway.—Tus Deas OF ) MENAGERIE, Broadway, cor rlormauce every evening. ATRE, Brooklyn. — mS. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, 201 Bowery.—Comio VooatisM, NEGRO MINSTRELSY, 40. E, S14 Broadway.—Comto Vocat- THEATRE COMIQU Yeu, NEGRO Aors, 4c. BRYANT'S OPERA @.—BBYANT'S Minst SAN FRANCISCQ MINSTR: 5 PIAN MINSTRELSY, NgGRO Acts. , Tammany Bullding, 1th 85 Brostway.—Eru1> o.— HAST”? WAVERLEY THEATR. PIAN MINSTRELSY, NEG NEW YORK CIRCUS, Fourteenth street, AND GYMNASTIC PERFORMANCES, &O. HOOLEY'S OPERA HOUS MINSTEELS—THE PETRIFIED G APOLLO HALL, corner 2 r 23th wtreet and Broadway.—Tae CaxvIrF GIANT. No, 720 Broadway.—Ersto- o EQurste1am Matinee at Jy. » Brooklyn.—Hoor Ey's Nir, ko. NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 613 Broadway. SCIENCE AND Anr. LADIES’ NEW YORK MUS! Broadway.—FRMALEs ONLY LN OF ANAPOMY, 6183¢ New ‘York EAEGSS December 27, 1869. ‘CONTENTS Or To-DAV’s HERALD, Pace. 1—Advertisements. 2—Advertisments. 3—The Gallows : Execution of Oliver A. Morgan— Jewish Reform—Fearful Riot on a Ratiroad Train—Advertisements, 4—Editoriais : Leading Article on the Winnipeg Revolution—News from Washington—Naval Intelligence—Amusement Announcements. &—Telegraphic News from all Parts of the Worla— Musical and Theatrical Notes—The Chmist- Child’s Feast—New York City and Police In- telligence—Musical Review—The Death of Inspector Randali—Fire in Pearl streei— Business Notices. 6—Europe : Correspondence from England, Rome, Italy and Greece—Pergonal Intelligeuce—Fi- nancial and Commercial Reports—Negro Schools at the South—The Courts—Real Estate Matters—A Remarkable Case of Circnmstan- tial Evidence—The Wealth of Uallfornia. 7—Central and South America: Correspondence from Colombia, Peru, Chile and Bolivia— Cuba—China—A Usefal Hint in Cold Weather— The Course of Empire: Correspondence from the Far West—The Suez Canal—aA Woman Kills Her Seducer. 6—Religious: Sermons by Henry Ward Beecher, Rey. Drs, Hepworth, Chapin and McSweeney, Revs. Chauncey Giles and Willlam Alkman— George Francis Train in Tammany Halli—A Panic in St. James’ Church—Brooklyn City News — Surburban Intelligence — Shipping Newas—Adyertisements. The Winnipeg Revolution—‘‘Manitest Des- tiny” and Our National Administratien. The so-called Winnipeg rebellion has as- sumed the form of a revolution. It appears that a declaration of independence has been issued in the name of the provisional govern- ment as a republic of Rupert’s Land and the Northwest Territory, signed by John Bruce, as President, and Louis Rielle, as Secretary; that in this declaration it is proclaimed that the people of Rupert’s Land, &c. (less than forty thousand in number, we suspect), have ‘heretofore respected the authority of the com- pany of adventurers known as the Hudson Bay Company, which circumstances had placed over them, unsatisfactory as was this govern- ment; but that asit has abandoned them by transferring to a strange Power (the New Dominion) the sacred authority confided to it, the people concerned have become free from all allegiance to said government; that they repudiate the authority of Canada; that they will not have Governor McDougall and his companions to rule over them; that the people of said Northwest Territory have accordingly eet up a government for themselves ; that they fre ready to treat with the Canadian or New Dominion government; but that meantime, in support of their declaration, “relying on the protection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge on oath our lives, our fortunes and our @acred honor.” It further appears that the offer to treat with (ite Canadians is a mere ruse; that an inde- Pendent government ie the altimatum of these Qor'westers; but that, ae “the English-gpeak- ing portion of the people have as yet no dele- ation in the council, the revolutionists do not Want to acnonnce their designa until the eration and unity of the whole ‘ecttlement has been secured, after which they wil) make a bold strike for independence.” This reference to ‘‘the English-speaking por- tion” of the people indicates that these revolu- fionists are of Freuch origin—the descendants jof French Catmdians and half breeds, who, as trappers in the service of the Hudson Bay Company, have formed these northwestern Bettlements. We know, too, that from the Overthrow of French authority in the Canadas by Wolf at Quebeo to thie day the yrench Canadians, whérevor found, have been chafing tnder the ruje of England, and have been and Bre always ripe for revolt, ( But our city readers will first, perhaps, ‘desire to know something of this Rupert's Land, or Northwest Territory. First, then, it isa ‘part of the British Possessions, which extend from ocean to ocean north of us, and which ere some fhinety-six thousand square miles larger in aro, than the United States, excluding Alas! The rebellious sectlop in question fies west of Western Canada and porth of our 4 Nsw YORK HERALD, MONDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1869. i LR RN Northwestera States of Wisconsin snd Minne- sota and of the Territories of Dacotah and Montgna, We suppose it is intended to em- brace the whole of the basin of the Saskatche- wan river, from the Rocky Mountains eastward to Lake Winnipeg, and the drainage of the lake on the east, and on the south, including the Red river of the North, a region covering anarea of not less, we dare say, than three hundred thousand square miles—a beautiful region for cereals, cattle and sheep, equal in dimensions to seven or eight States of the size of New York, and no doubt capable of sup- porting twenty millions of people. In fact, after the Canadas, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, the Northwest Territory is all that remains of the British Possessions east of the Rocky Mountains adapted to profitable cultiva- tion. All the rest, like Alaska, is worthless, except to the hunter, the trapper and the fish- erman, From all that we can learn so far the strength of this Rupert's Land revolt lies in the settle- ments of the valley of the Red river of the North. The sources of this river are in that extensive table land of beautiful fresh water lakes which no man has numbered, on the northern half of Minnesota. From this mag- nificent tableland of fine forests and countless fresh water lakes we find interlocking the head springs of the Red river, which, through Lake Winnipeg, passes north into Hudson Bay, and the head springs of the Mississippi, which flows south into the Gulf of Mexico. The Red river for some two hundred miles is the boundary line between Minnesota and Dacotah, and for a hundred miles and more before it enters the British Possessions is a navigable stream. Just this side the British boundary line, in the northeast corner of Dacotah, lies the princi- pal settlement of the river, the town of Pembina. It is the half-way trading post of her Britannic Majesty’s settlers of the Winni- peg basin, where they make their exchanges with the traders from St, Paul, Minn. Indeed, during the summer, by boats up the Red river and by ox teams or pony carts across the country to the Mississippi, those French Cana- dians and half breeds bring over, to a con- siderable extent, themselves, thdéir buffalo skins and their furs to St. Paul, and take back in exchange their dry goods and groceries. During the winter even they still drive a pretty brisk traffic over this route with dog sleds. With such business intercourse these Red river or Lake Winnipeg French Canadians have become pretty thoroughly Americanized. Impenetrable, roadless forests and morasses cut them off from Canada, and hence they naturally call the new government sent out to them from th»! quarter ‘‘a strange government.” They don't know anything bout it. Their business and social relations are with the people of the United States, and hence their declaration of independence, But through all the southern tier of the British provinces of North America, from sea to sea, among the French Canadians, "enians, traders and speculators, disaffection, in one form or another, against the British govern- ment exists, It is daily widening, too, and assuming a movement for annexation to the United States. At the same time, we see that the anarchy of Mexico can only be cured by absorption; that the Centrel American States down to Darien may be secured without diffi- culty, and that we have but to say the word and Cuba and St. Domingo are ours, without war, and almost without money, while their value to us would be without price or beyond caleu- lation, What is our national administration doing, however, in behalf of this grand pro- gramme, north and south, of “‘manifest des- tiny?” Very little, though General Grant ia a man of Western progressive ideas, large and enthusiastically American. But he has an amiable old gentleman ia the State Depart- ment, of the ancient order of conservatives, who, in regard to Cuba or those Alabama claims, for instance, stil interposes the diffi- culty, what will England do? or what will Napoleon think? or ‘what will Mrs. Grundy say?” Thus the +administration is waiting upon events while it ought to be shaping and deciding them. What, then, can we say? Only this: Do, Mr. President, give us a new Secretary of State and a new departure, Tuer Foxerat To-Day.—Under the arrange- ments of Chief Justice Chase and his asso- ciates ofthe Supreme Court, in co-operation with the President and members of both houses of Congress, the funeral of the late Edwin M. Stanton takes place in Washington to-day. The ceremonies, notwithstanding the absence of Congress and the request of Mrs. Stanton for as little of display as possible, will be sufficiently imposing and impressive to be long remembere od. Ovr CENTRAL AND Sour Amertoan Cor- RESPONDENOE.—We present our readers to-day with a budget of letters from Central and South America. The Panama communication shows the feeling with which the news of the Darien Canal undertaking was received on the Isthmus, From Chile we learn that the suf- rage question has received some degree of attention, and possibly before long reforms will be introduced which will meet with gene- ral favor in the Chilean republic. The Morales revolution has collapsed in Bolivia. The Drey- fus loan has been decided in Peru, yet there are fears that the question is not definitely settled. The loan is unpopular, and though the President is in favor of it, the matter will not be allowed to rest. news furnished is exceedingly interesting. Taz Darmy Canat.—Krom Panama we have news of the reception of the Heratp's information rogarding the prospects of the cutting of a canal across the Isthmus. We are glad to see that there is a healthy interest evinced in the proposed undertaking, and that the people of Colombia are alive to the advan-. tagea of the great work. We aro assured by the President of the United States of Colombia that the republic is “disposed to do all within her power to forward that great undertaking.” We hope no unnecessary delay will retard the fitting out of the expedition to make the pre- liminary surveys preparatory to the commence- ment of the ¢ butting from ocean to ocean. Some ov Tite Weer INDIA Istaxpe Destra- pie. — With the acqnisition of the icebergs of Kuseian America and the probabie speedy acquirement of that cold region embraced in the Northwest Territory we shall require the Taken altogether, the: News from China and Japan. By the arrival of the steamship China at San Francisco yesterday we have advices from China via Hong Kong up to November 19, and Japan via Yokohama, December 2. General Van Valkenburg, late United States Minister to the Court of the Mikado, with his suite, wero passengers by the China. The most important items of news from China are the confirmation of the ratification of the Burlingame treaty with the United States and the modifications in the treaty with England insisted on by the British government, These latter comprise an alteration in the schedule of transit dues between the two countries, the opening of two new ports in China—Wachau and Manchau—to trade and commerce, the working of coal mines by foreign appliances, ® reduction in the duty on native coal. the fram- ing of a code of mercantile laws applicable to all countries, the reference to the Supreme Court at Hong Kong of all international civil suits that may arise, and some less important points bearing on a proper carrying out of the articles of the treaty. The yoihg Emporor of China, it is stated, will be placed on the throne early in the coming year. The Duke of Edinburg had arrived at Shanghae and was very cordially welcomed and tendered the hospitalities of the city. The China brought a valnable cargo of silks and teas and another instalment of five hundred and twenty Chinese and Japanese emigrants. From Japan we learn that the Mikado had pardoned the Tycoon and Prince Aidzu, the leader in the late rebellion. An attempt to assassinate the Tycoon had been frustrated. Rumors of anticipated troubles were rife, but the government was paying no attention to them. The English Minister to Japan had been warned of the existence of a conspiracy to assassinate him. A treaty with the repre- sentatives of foreign governments had been ratified, by which the trading with unopened ports by foreigners is prohibited. Mr. Delong, the new American Minister, had arrived at Jeddo and was presented to the Mikado, Two English sea captains—Carnes, of the ship J. C. Taylor, and Peterson, of the Runnymede— were drowned while returning to their vessels, anchored in the harbor of Yokohama, by the capsizing of their boats. For further parti- culars of the intelligence brought by the China we refer our readers to our telegraphic news column, and which will be found of special and general interest. The Herald Correspondent and triarch of Constantinople. In the Heratp of yesterday we published the result of an interview which our correspondent had with the “Ecumenical Patriarch,” the Bishop ot Constantinople. It is the first time we believe in the history of journalism that any representative of the press has been so highly favored and so frankly dealt with, We are proud of this honor for our own sake, for the sake of American journalism, and for the sake of this great country, of which the Patriarch spoke so handsomely as the “‘country of the future.” The Patriaroh’s remarks were charac- terized by great common sense. He did not think much of the Ecumenical Council. It was based on falaa principle. Altthe divi- sions of Christendom were the result, directly or indirectly, of the pretension, arrogance and usurpation of Rome. In the olden time the Pope was only ‘‘Primus inter pares,” the first among equals. “The early Christian Churches, and the Churches of Russia, Greece and other countries in communion with them, may be looked upon as forming in a certain sense a Christian confederation—a kind of United States.” Such was the lan- guage ofour correspondent. ‘‘Precisely,” said the Patriarch; ‘‘that gives the idea to a great degree. Each Church had during the first centuries autonomy in administration; and in affairs of a local character,each country was allowed to use its own language in the ritual as well as to have all sacred books in the vernacular tongue. In everything relating to the doctrine and discipline of the whole Church a council of the whole Church alone had authority.” In the opinion of the Patri- arch “‘for any man to claim that he is the Vicegerent of God and infallible is nothing less than blasphemy.” This interview will command attention far and wide; and wher- ever it comuniir@s’ attention it will furnish proof that the race of Ulysses and of Themis- tocles has not quite forgotten its cunning, and that the Church, which in the days of Chrysos- tom stood at the head of Christendom, has not after long ages of oppression entirely lost its spirit. In the principles laid down by the Patriarch of Constantinople we can see a basis for the Church of the future, Tar Cnuronks Yesterday. e give our usual full report of the religious services observed in the churches yesterday, the ser- mons and special utterances of tho pastors on things celestial and terrestrial, and which will be found in another column. Parson Beecher was more than usually himself and said some things better and more telling than is even his wont. He was particularly severe on news- paper men, whom he denounced, and declared their conversion doubtful, not excepting our special reporter who is so close an attendant of his church and so faithful a recorder of his sayings and inculcations. The topics treated of were:—‘‘Christian Meekness,” by Beecher; ‘Christianity and Its Triumphs,” “The Angel Gabriel Not to be Had on Five Dollars a Month,” “The Incarnation,” ‘The Resurrec- tion,” &c. Notwithstanding the inclemency of the weather all the places of worship were well attended. RerorM iN THe Runnine or Street Cars.— We learn that the Third Avenue Railroad Com- pany will be the first to inaugurate the new proposed system of stoppages of tho street cars, The even numbered cars, it is said, will stop only at the lower crossings of the even numbered streets on the down trips and at the upper crossings of the same streets on the re- turn trips. The odd numbered cars, alternat- ing with those having even numerical designa- tions, will in like manner stop at the odd numbered streets. They will also, it is said, have a semicircular track at the lower end of the City Hall Park, in order to avoid changing the teams from one end to the other of the cars, There will then be no stoppages except ae above stated until the cars return to the starting point, and but one “starter.” By the adoption of this reform the round trip will be the Pa- annexation of a good share of the West India | lessened one-quarter, and a great strain will be islands in order to agutrolize our climate. token (rom the horgen, The Union League Club and tho Late Edwin M. Stauton—Mr. Stewarts Proposl tion, . On Saturday evening last, at a special meeting of the Union League Club, Mr. Charles Bull, Senior Vice President, in the chair, a series of appropriate resolutions, offered by Mr. W. C. Bryant, were adopted, in recognition of the great public services of the late Edwin M. Stanton (which we published yesterday), after which, on motion of Colonel Le Grand Cannon, it was resolved that a committee of five be appointed to prepare an address, to be given before the Club, on the life, character and services of the late Secretary of War. Mr. A. T. Stewart, a man who always has an eye to substantial business results, then took the floor, and moved that the same committee be requested to report any way of offering a further testimony of osteem to the deceased they may think fit, And we think we can tell what this means. It means that our late War Minister, who was entrusted with the disposition and who disposed of a' thousand millions and more of the public money, died comparatively poor; that’ he made no money in his great office; that while living he deciined the offers from his fellow citizens which, we think, he might wisely have acoepted, and that Mr. Stewart’ is willing to co-operate in a movement to make comfortable in their circumstances the widow and children of the deceased. This, we think, is what Mr. Stewart was aiming at in his resolution, The proposition is that of a patriot and a public benefactor ; but we hold that something more than this is due in recognition of the public services of Stan- ton. We hold that Congress, in a generous pension to his family, can best express the respect of the two houses for the memory of the faithful public officer, and that such pen- sion should be voted, with the necessary appropriation. We consider it a disgrace only to the government that General Grant, in order to make both ends meet at the ond of the war, felt it a duty, as it was under the circumstances, to accept the generous offerings made him from his fellow citizens. Itisa dis- grace to the government that the widow of ex- President Lincoln has been compelled to make her home in Germany for the sake of economy, when a pension of a few thousands a year would have enabled her to live comfortably in her own country. Congress should avoid a similar disgrace in the case of Stanton; nor shovld Senator Sumner abandon his bill for a pension to Mra, Lincoln. Fidelity in office is not rewarded, and that is one great reason why public rogues are so numerous in this country. Our European Correspondence. Our special correspondents in Europe sup- ply the letters from London, Rome, Naples and Athens which are published in our columns to-day, embracing a varied, sprightly, accurate end most Interesting elaboration of our cable telegrams to the 10th of December. The writers take us from London to Athens, touching at Naples and halting fora season in Rome. It constitutes ,a fine tour, the pic- turesque descriptions and force of the different authors almost obliterating the distance to the eyes and mind of the reader, and thus onabling the imagination to realize, as it were, the actualities, It will bo seen that Premier Gladstone finds Treland the still chronic internal ‘‘difficulty” of GreatBritain, and that the Cabinet of this very accomplished statesman is likely to break up during the next Parliament on the apparently simple subject of the matter and best mode of treatmont of the active, chameleon-like radicalism which exists in the “Green Isle.” The British tories forsee the coming crisis, and have already commenced their preparations for its party utilization by naming the young Earl of Derby as their leader; a very judicious political step, appar- ently, one by which they may reasonably hope for victory under the old and well tried banner of the Stanleys, having its baronial motto and device retouched a little, so as to read more in conformity with the spirit of the age, and thus meet the oxigencies of the period more har- moniously, From Rome we have a very in- teresting programme of the pontificial rules and regulations laid down for the conduct of the Ecumenical Council, with reports of the arrival of many of the distinguished person- ages who had reached the Holy City during the first two days of the assemblage. Pope* Pius the Ninth entrusted the custody of the key of the diplomatic gallery in the council hall to the French Ambassador, who was named Dean of the diplomatic body for the occasion. His Excellency was at the samo time duly instructed to exclude “ladies and their friends.” As Pope Pius the Ninth is acknowledged to be a very quiet satirist in his way it may be that the Holy Father intended the key arrangement asa grand Papal contrast with the condition of affairs which existed in Rome, and Europe generally, at the time when Napoleon the Great carried not only the keys and sword of St. Peter, but the Pope him- self, off to France. Antonelli is vindictive, apparently, in his mode of humiliation by ordering a French gentleman to exclude ladies from any place, no matter where, which they wished to enter, and in ordaining the minister merely as adean just as his imperial master had come to regard himself almost as Head of the Church. The attitude which the German prelates may assume on the Papal infallibility question was not, to all appearance, exactly decided on when our despatches were written, Italy was agitated on the Roman Council subject, and our Naples letter is consequently replete both with news and news gossip. From Athens comes an exhibit of the actual condi- tion of the relations which exist between Greece and Turkey, a valuable and timely con- tribution when we consider the somewhat critical aspect of what is broadly accepted as the Eastern question. The special budget, as a whole, farnishes a vast deal of information as to the state of affairs in Europe. Wat Semen —The ‘present will be a dull week among the bulls and bears of Wall street, No stringency in the money market, no cor- ners, no rughing up of gold, no depression of stocks, and no excitement of any kind or de- scription will be likely to take place in the quarters of the money changers this week. Timo will hang heavily upon the brokers, stock- jobbers and gold gamblers until after New Yours Mexico, We published yesterday letters from Tuxpan and from the city of Puebla. Ono letter describes in glowing style a trip through the Tierra Caliente, or hot land of Mexico, ‘where the flowers never cease to bloom, where vege- tation never rests—truly a land of milk and honey.” What a contrast is offered to the cold, disagreeable climate of the long, barren salt plains between Godul Aqua and Perote, by the beautiful little town of Tizuitlan, with each of Its houses occupying an entire square and all the squares growing corn, and seven miles below, by the lovely and fertile country, with its growing crops of corn and rice, extending to the land of the plantain and fragrant vanilla; by the valley of the bold and limpid Tecalutla; by Papantala, the home of the Totonacos, clean and prim looking Indians,’ wearing light and picturesque cos- tumes, and by theTuxpan valley, with its wheel- tracks, its fences of evenly Split rails, its log houses, its Yankee cooking stoves and other signs of los Americangs, and by the famous Huestaca country, with its gently undulating plains, its hills covered with luxurlant grass or heavy tropical woods, and its bappy little valleys, crossed by pretty bubbling creeks, as clear as the skies above them, and every bush along their banks alive with chirping birds and screaming parrots and chacalacas, Well might our correspondent exclaim, ‘‘Blessed coun- try! wood, prairie, water, fertile soil, with but little rock, which will give two crops of corn, rice, sugar cane, vanilla, coffee, sarsa- parilla, indigo, dyewoods, allspice, ginger, cacaon and all the fruits of the tropics; where there are no mosquitoes, few flies and few snakes.” It is not strange that on arriving at the town of Tuxpan, and visiting the remnants of the French, Italian and ex-Confedate colo- nists, who have tried to settle on the south side of the Tuxpan, he wondered that they did not settle on the north side of that river, in the healthy Huestaca country. What a rich and enticing field it will offer to future colonists from the United States so soon as Mexico shall have been annexed to our great republic. This ultimate resulé of manifest destiny, the union of the two republics, cannot long be postponed by all the flattering compliments which ex-Sectetary Seward, the polite and wily guest of President Juarez, has felt diplo- matically bound to bestow upon the capacity of the mixed races of Mexico for independent self-government, Our letter from Puebla refers to the ominous split in the liberal ranks, the furious outbreaks of religious intolerance, the renewed efforts to overthrow the Juarez government and to other indications that the usual crop of , revo- lation is ripening in Mexico. The time must come, and cannot be far distant, when the direct intervention of the United States government will be needed in order to bring order out of chaos, and to enable Mexico, under the influences of law, peace and civiliza- tion, to develop to the utmost its wonderful capabilities for wealth, prosperity and pro- gress, Weare convinced that General Grant's original idea, at the close of our late civil war and while Maximilian and the French were occupying Mexico, of marching an army, beyond the Rio Grande and annexing the entire country, was far more statesmanlike than the glittering generalities with which Mr. Seward has acknowledged the courteous wel- come extended to him by President Juarez, But for the present, and until a few little West Indian questions are disposed of satis- factorily, the question of the absorption of Mexico by the United States will keep. We can afford to wait patiently for its inevitable final solution. Our Pagan Population and Our New De- mocratic Legislation. Tne curious and interesting description which we published yesterday of the Pagan population of New York was confined to the few Chinese within our gates. But it might well have also embraced the vast number of practical pagans, who worship not God bat only mammon; who are always ready to scize the opportunities which Wall street offers far swindling honest stockholders; who can forge and counterfeit, and pick pockets and commit burglary, and even murder; who skalk from detection In overcrowded tenement houses— those nests of crime as well as poverty and disease and death; who glory in their shame as patrons of pugilism, dog fighting, cock fight- ing and all kinds of brutal sports; who are known and feared by policemen and private citizens as ‘‘eloction roughs,” that actually rule the city and live on public spoils; who, in fine, include all the vagabonds of all races and complexions and of both sexes that make up the rotten, festering, pestiferous mass which we call ‘‘the dangerons classes.” New York had a taste of their quality during the terrible riota of 1863. At the next meeting of our State Legislature we may expect a pretty general overhauling of the existing commissions, which now act inde- pendently of the Mayor and Common Council. It is,possible and probable that all these com- missions may be fused together and put under the supervision of the Mayor and Common Council. We shall, then, ere long discover whetker the promised reconstruction of our city government will diminish or enlarge the privileges claimed and enjoyed by ‘the dan- gerous classes” in our community, The first object of the democrats will be to strengthen their, hold upon the State. But they will not neglect their interests or the claims of their faithful tools in this city. ‘We shall watch with special interest the action of the next democratic Legislature. Whatever may be its result, it will, unquestionably, be more interest- ing and important to the citizens of our me- tropolitan district than any subject which has agitated New York for the last fifty yoars. Perv AND Paraauay.—Peru sympathizes in the struggles of Paraguay against tho aggressions of Brazil avd her allies, This feeling is not of recent origin. It dates a good way back, and was the cause of the suspen- sion of diplomatic relatiéns between Peru and the Brazilian empire for gome time. The Peruvian government is again beginning to regard the persecution of the Paraguayan poople as aggressive towards republican insti- tutions generally in South America, Thia ie the correct view to take of the war now waged against Paraguay, and the sooner other South American republics have their eyes opened to this fact the better it may yet prove for their future naace. Y WASHINGTON. HE NEW TELEGRAPH BILL. ‘A Lobby Forming to Op< / pose its Passage. ‘ WAsitincTon, Dec, 26, 1969. Opposition to the Samana Bargain Devetop4 ing in Congress. | Though annexation of Dominica is generally fa-\ ored by members of Congress, it 1s not to be de- nied that several members are growling against tha measure and protesting that they will oppose it when the proper occasion arises, Those who thua place themselves in antagonism to the project do so for several reasons, Some because they are opposed to all new acquisitions, deeming that we havo enougd undeveloped territory on hana to occupy us yet for three or four generations to come, and that to expand our térritorial domain is to weaken our power, and not to strengthen it. Others oppose an- noxation or leasing because they hold that such im- portant measures should not be undertaken by the Executive without authority in the frst place from the legislative branch of the Government, and they declaro that no such authority has heen givell ix in thie instance. They say it 18 about time to put a stop to this business of specu- lating in real estate, which was so cunningly inaugurated by Mr. Seward, and only then given a quasi legislative sanction because the national good faith was involved, They ask, further, what is the use of paying at ail for what was offered us 80 recenly for absoiutely nothing? If the Dominicans really want to become annexed, believing that such & condition would advantage them, why not let them vote on the point first and declare in that way their real wishes? If they donot want to join us, then, gay these grumblers, we ought not io force them to itby bargaining with President Baez, nor sbould we desire to nave them at ail as unwilling subjects. These are the principal reasons urged for opposing the Babcock-Baez treaty, whatever it may be, and which are expected to be urged when the matter comes up for discussion tn the halls of Con- gress. The chief advocate of all these annexation schemes 13 General Banks, not yet arrived at his post, Perhaps when he reaches here he will find means to strangle the incipient hostility, and be abie, by his well known skill tu argument and par- Hamentary tactics, to engineer the measure through successfully. ie New Postal Telegraph Bill—Opposition of the Monopolists. General Washburn’s speech last Wednesday on the subject of American telegraphs has thrown the Western Union monopolists into a great stave of ex- citement and set them already to planning how to defeat his proposed bill when presented to Congress. A full iobby may be expected on here again to work against ali measures of telegraph reforms, ond par- ticularly that which Washburn intends to put through if patience, zeal and industry can avail him. His speech on Wednesday last showed that he under- stood the subject thoroughly and demonstrated the necessity of radical reforms, and at the same time the feasibility of his own plan. It is not perfect, perhaps, but 1t seems to be the best yet devised, and weilcalculated to conmand the respectful considera- tion of Congress. Its main idea is found io a provision for the government, at a fixed period, to take control as pro- prietor of all the lines in the country, and is based upon the Telegragh act of July 24, 1866, which seems to have been ignored almost completely in the various schemes prepared since that time and ostensibly having the same object in view. By virtue of that act, the provisions of which were acceded to by all the telegraph companies ia the country, the United States government acquired an undoubted right to take possessiog of the West- ern Union and all other lines, and it 1s this right which Washburno’s bill is designed to enforce for the purpose of securing to the public the biessings of a cheap telegraph system. ‘he first section of the bili boldly enacts that after July 24, 1871, it shali be unlawful for any person, except those employed for that purpose by the Post Office Depart. ment, to receive money for the transmission of telegrams. The second section provides for the appraisal of existing telegraph lines and property, pursuant tothe act of 1866, and their subsequent purchase by the Postmaster General, subject to ap- proval by Congress. The bill then goes on to pro- vide for the establishment of a bureau in the Post Office Department, with an organization similar to, but far less expensive than that existing under the Western Union régime, The machinery for taking charge of and operating the lines can be in complete readiness by July 24, 1871. After that date a uniform stanip tariff of twenty cents is to be charged through- out the United States for all messages of thirty words or feas, including date, address aud signature, and one cent for each additional word. Large reauc- tions are to be made on existing rates for press re- ports, Absolutely no franks are to be allowed, and another abuse of the present system 1s to be cor- rected by providing for the transmission of all messages in the order received, wita the slagle exception of government messages, which are to have priority over ail others. Whe Postmaster Gendral ts also to be authorized to place at the ex- clusive disposal of the press a certain number of lines deemed suificlont for such purposes. The extension of telegraph facilities to smali towns and villages is abundantly provided f for by the bill, and also a telegraph money order systom, which is to be at once put in operation. Secrecy of messages is to be enjoined,junder heavy penalties forgdivuiging or giving any information in regard to any telegrams, The last and one of the best features of the bill is that which provides that officers and employés of the Barean ehall be removed only for cause, and that promotions to vacancies shall be made in regu- iar order, and not for political purposes. This 1s a step in the direction of the civil service, and will, it is expected, put a stop to all the outcry against tha government assuming control of the telegraph on the ground of its increasing oMcial patronage and corruption. Mr. Washburn is thoroughly in earnest, and a reference to his specch will show that he is prepared for ® vigorous fizht. His views are con- currad to by many of the ablest men in Congress, The Probable Successor of Stanton. The death of Stanton has started speculations as to who the President will appoint to be Associate Justice of the Supreme Court. The prominent names mentioned are Judge Hamplireys, of Alabama; Ira Harria and Judge Pierrepont, of New York, and Senator Trumbull, As New York and Illinois have representatives ou the Supreme Bench already tt is believed the appointment will be given to the Sout, and that Humphreys will be the man, Making a Job of the New Post Ofice. The Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads of the House, which was authorized to investigate affairs connected with the construction of tne new Post OMice in your city, Will meet at the Astor House next Saturday. Their object is said to be simply to embarrass the persons in charge of the work, and not to develop frauds, a3 they pretend, THE HERALD IN NEW HAMPSHIRE. [From the Claremont (N, H.) National Eagle, Dec. 25.) ‘The most wondertul paper on the continent, if not in the world, 1s tne New YoRK HBRALD. Sparing no expense to collect news, independent of all party control, it conforms to the plaa of its proprietor, ana ia a perfect newspaper. Tho events of the world are daily photographed in its columns, and beyond doubt it furnishes the most complete datly record of news anywhere tssued, NAVAL INTELLIGENCE, ‘The United States steamers Kearsarge and Nyack were at Cailao, Peru, November 25. ‘The last named was expected to leave shortly for the Northern coast, Guayaquil and the Gallapagos tsiands, ‘The United States steamship Onward, with stores from the naval depot at Panama, sailed for Callao, Peru, on Decemver 14, The Unived States steamer Rosaca was at Panama On the i of ae ow rr ie Uni er ra Vv pawn Thucqapvor ib. atoam ‘afore grrived