The New York Herald Newspaper, October 18, 1869, Page 5

EEE Es NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1860.-TRIPLE SHEET. MERCANTILE PALACES. The Progress of Architecture in New York—The Embellishment of Broad- Wway—Bulldings of the United States Equitable Assurance and New York Life Insurance Companies—What $3,000,000 Has Produced—The “Renaissance Schools—Beauty, Grace and. Grandeur. Im all kmds of botlding, whether the structure is @esigned for a private, commercial, ecctesiastical or public edifice, the activity and profuse outlay of pro- Brietors have been for the past five years among the most marked features of landed improvements on ‘this island. Let the Observer make a detour of that Section of the city lying below Fourteenth street, and the ever-varying shades of fresh fronts in the mew gems of architecture will indicate to his mind how rapid and yet how substantial has become the Progress of building of every clasa. New styles Rave been introduced in designing the outlines ot ‘mportant structures, and new elements which will have a considerable bearing upon the futare of all Duildings have been discovered, These facts are @o apparent when a brief survey of Broadway ts Dad that the wondrous embodiment of history tm architecture, as an art, and as an evidence ef commercial progress and multiplying wealth, is Dolder and more satisfactory than those remains of former Roman glory that sleep in decayed grandeur Upon the seven hills of the Eternal City, and speak ‘With an eloquent silence of her Coliseum, her Capi- ‘tol, her baths and the hermitage of her popes, Tourists now sit down under the shadow of Vesu- ‘vius and wonder at the déuris of Pompeii and He! culaneum, which, 2,000 years ago, was the scene of the opulence of the Cwsars. Two thousand yeara hence the historian may look in vain for those mile- stones in New York which mark the periodical tranzitions of a great commercial community from Prosperity to pre-eminence. Even now they are fast passing away before the city has completes the first century of her millennial greatness, and before she may be gaid to have developed into that healthy maturity which is fast approaching, Still those few corner-stones that have been left un- demolished by the hand of imperative improvements, taken in succession and in the continuous line that their ascending series assumes, well show how, from the Dutch settlement of 1609 the metropolis of 1869 has grown from the cradle to the verge of manhood, In this sense the future ages will have some records of New York’s primitive days; but not the full and bold outlines that will go down as the city becomes embellished with beautiful and stable buildings and replete with discriminate ornamentation and taste- ful elegance. We have already, as a community, been too long in that period which, in a man, is the intoxication of sudden wealth. We have been seized with @ fever for lavish outlay, and have Made too great haste in disregarding the rules of purity and harmony to have yet attained suc- esa, that is enduriag success, in any department ot architecture. This is the conspicuous fault that has marked the bullding of the last ten years in the city. In the earlier times there was an ugly plainness and & wide deflance to every principle of taste that must be remembered by every one who was @ promenader of the Bowery in its paimy days. THE ARCHITECTURE OF FORMER DAYS. An examinatiod of State street, the former avenue Of the city, discloses how homely and truely Dutch were the houses of the primitive ¢/ite of the island, whose descendants are now known as the old fami- Mes. These, their former habitations, which, when they resided in them, were considered princely in thelr appointments and decorations, and beyond criticism in thetr arciitectural design and finish, can now be seen transformed into nastily looking and rickety storehouses, destitute of stability, like a rail fence in outline, resembling more a bunile of hides Shan a block of “private palaces,” and so far be- neath the present ideal of construction that they ‘would be spurned in Hoboken and ridiculed in a Shaker settlement. This isa difference only in the taste of different times; not so much a disparity in the requirements of actual art. This, then, was tne beginning 1n anything that approximated to preten- sion in architecture, and as the sequel will show, not so bad a nucleus as it might have been. These houses, so rude in their outlines, were very elegant im the interior, their decorations even surpassing those of some mansions of the present day, and their internal arrangement being made to subserve economy of room. From wtiis locality ict us turn up Broadway, the most vital artery of the city and its real backbone, extending as it does from its enduring footnold at the Batiery to the upper end of the isiand, communicating to its lateral dependents the richness of its sumptuous architeo- ture and the youthfulness of its treless energy. Near Beaver street the mammoth warehouses, wherein are stowed the grain and other products of the interior, are noted as commemorati later era in building. ‘These editices are generally of brick, substantial, commodious and costly; yet they ave in no sense any other arcnit 1 merits, ‘They are simply constructed to supply the wants of the storehouse trade, and for that purpose serve welltneirend. Going further up hgh oh build- ings of greater pretension loom up, and there emanations of A still laterdemand, The wool mar- Ket is all-important in New York. To accom- modate this staple, brown stone, brick and Iron have Deen into requisition, and handsome atruc- tures the result. The heavy tracks and carts Mning Broadway at this point are sufficient ran- fees of their capacity; and their great heights and simple fronts, as concern ornamentation, teil of still @nother important if not decisive step toward the Deautiful. Bonded warehouses are also prominent ‘in this quarter, but exhibit no marked characteris- ‘tics indicating a departure from plainness or rectan- gular bideousness, Further up, the real structures that now begin to embouy a new idea in copstruc- tion loom up, These edifices are occupied by steam- ship companies, insurance companies, banka, count- Ang houses of every nature, and ali of them sre used for miscellaneous business purposes, Jn detail none of them will bear close inspection for ornamenta- oan do ess B coped any Sah geet Phony men mn bolizinj purity propriety eateb- ined schouis, From this vicinity Broadway commences to assume fits checkered ap; nce, and then creditable attempts at excellence are notable. Yellow stone, Drown stone, granite and marble are the material, nd the Gotic, Doric, Corinthian aud renatssance are the diferent styles which nave been pictured ‘with a fine if not symmetrical elect. Passing by the new buildings, most elegant of which we will notice further on, the frequent use of marble is now conspicuous, and these fronts ‘are more prominent as wo advance up the sireet until 11 many enure sections they become the prevailing feature. ‘The ciose crystailizaiion of tis stone, its marvellous beauty, illustrating purity and typifying art, the ice imitations of nature of which it is capabie under tue sculptor’s hand, its clove alli. ance with Koman greatnesa, tue delicacy and smoothuess of finish which it always exhibits, and Pcuilar fitness for'a sharp contrast, render it the MX) desiravie stone in the world, boi for stability @ud urchitectural perfection, Therefore its empioy- ment on Broadway was a wise iunovation, and the present Geimand, which its past success has created, speaks Weill for future triumphs of design on this isiand. ‘iruity church was @ decisive jandmark of tae quarter about which we are writing. it is sim- ple, yet ornamental; grana, yet not pretentious. lis consiraction throws the whole vicinity into the snade, (bough it is ecclesiastical tn style. Compe- tition is the father of progress, and Unis 1t stirred up, unl how the whole neignboracod 18 pianted with costly and luguly ornamented buildings. linprovements of this character Lave not been backward la otter sections of Broadway, builders adopting the rich stones and employing the highiy artistic styles of local architects, S50 much has vis become a part of the character of stores and otuer siructures taat few persons Who are habitual pedes- trians OX Lois thoroughfare have falied to notice the striking personality pervading tae works of each disuuct arcaitect. One nas @ fancy ior uros, Roman Windows, Mansard roofs and broken pediments, and auotier carries out the four Grecian styles without modern innovations. And so the suades oi archi- teciures, the changing preferences for stones and interior decorations, she jate adoption of iron aod 80 pr are among the rapid Bat more recent even tian these is the construction of immense buildings for commercial uses, each of ‘Which Will cost about $1,000,000. These commemo- Faie the high state to which the art is attaining, aud indicate that New York can yet be among the band. somest, a8 it now Is among the wealthiest cities of tue world. THE BUILDING OF THE EQUITABLE ASSURANCE COM- PANY. ‘When a massive front, bold and beautiful in its qin "wugnuiceus proportions, satay. pilars and with 1 well {oped arches agends won hed height, jthout proviny the sppearan of tte route, m it £ safe to assume that there is =sometl unusual in ite design and execution. Such @ front has the new building of the New York Equitable Life Insurance Company, now in course of erection at the corner of Broadway ‘and Uedar atreet. ‘This bu.lding is a fine example of the substantial and purely artistic. As & substan. tial edilice it is built of hage blocks’ of that most ble of native rock—the Concord granite, serithe cubical specimens ere nicely hewn, and versal from masterly manner which 1¢ has been treated. The faithful way in which the sections have been grouped so as to break the monotony of a general sam sions and shapely outiines ef the por tico, its massive columns and ex te cap and construct the building, the company has not been ham for want of means, nor has it been troubled with that lack of unity which erally retards the landed operations of rich joint poretions, Every! has been architects have aclear feld. ‘This effort to ch ‘the co! whose resources are 60 e Equitable Insurance Com- of their immense in- in the laces which ublic purse, in the hands of dere- ict oMcials, has failed provide. This not only ornaments the city, but it provides lapor with a wide bres Berney all departments of mechanical justry. The front on Cedar street, if not so dtriking as the one on Broadway, 13 equally weil treated, and bears & marked contrast with its broken and mmetri- rroundings, The general external aspect is what strikes the observer with most force, and this, indeed, is the chief of every suc- cessful edifice. Here placed ornamenta- tion and glaring blemishes of every descrip- tion will tell against the general design; and tn this building these faults have been avoided with @ singular acuteness. In a critical view, therefore, the structure answers all the requirements of art, and to the uncritical public it 1s eminently satisfac- tory aa an enduring monument of pure aud classical architecture. Entering under the massive porch and Passing by the heavy supports of the columnar shafts, and ascending the staircase, we stand upon the first floor. Directly below is the ground floor, reached by an easy descent from the sidewalk. fhe space in this department is now rapidly under- going the finishing work of the carpenters and masons. It will be divided off into rooms of con- venient size for banking and other business uses, It is fireproof in all respects, will be elegantly finished and protected against tmeves and other skilful knights of the jimmy. The divisions Will be unusually commodious, the ceilings being bigh and the ventilation good. In exactly the same way as the entrance to the Astor House has been constructed has the doorway and hall of the Equitabie building been designed. There are the game massive steps, the same landing, the same laternal outlets and the same kind of a hall _extend- ing through the entire length of the building. Every:hing connected with the entrance is wonder- fully massive and yet not devoid of an easy grace in treatment. By the angular turn and up afew steps is the first floor. This fat will comprise a geries of offices and other apartments to let, and the rooms wiil all be highly finished, thoroughly fire-proof, with brick floors and iron jathing. The ceilings are tweive feet high. Two floors above, and reached by the first tura in the winding statr- case, Which 1s situated on the southern side, about the centre of the bnilding, are the grand quarters which when completed will be occupied by the com- pany. Thisapartment is 35 by 105 feet, with 26 feet ceilings, brick floors and large iron columus run- ning upright to support the great weight superim- posed bythe upper stories. Properly a vestibule, ‘With @ dome extending upward in tne very interior of the building @ distance of 33 feet, with shafts that will becovered with marble, cement and rich capitals, with wainscotings in rare foreign marble, and 225 feet of the same stone handsomely latd as a counter, with cetlings frescoed in mild tints and cornices elegantly moulded to correspond with .black walnut ‘furniture, and the other Gecorations contemplated, this apart- ment will be handsome and imposing, without being bizarre. Completely encircling the vestibule 1s a line of offices for agents and officers of the com- pany, those of the latter being on the Broadway front. The office 1o the southward on Broadway is the president’s, the next ijurther to northward 1s the actuary’s, then tie secretary’s, then the reception room, then the vice president’s, commanding a vista of the entire fronts. These rooms are all to be lur- nished and decorated in becoming style. The ceil- ings of this story terminate at the dome, which rises seventeen feet higher. Atthe joint the floor above forms a gallery which runs around the entire room, and when enclosed by a railing it will disclose the intricate moneyed operations below, (Besides the rooms menuoned @ lunch room 1s pro- vided on the same fat, and kitchens are projected on an appropriate scale.) When finished the vesti- bule willbe the largest occupied by any insurance company in the world, itis claimed. It'is certamly @ counting room on a lurge scale, well designed and quite unique in its arrangement. On either side of the circular staircase are towers bait expressly to accommodate eievators, Which Will be moved by steam power. They will ascend at stated intervals, and passengers will be landed on every fluor, Golug up still another flight we come to a story where the agents of the company again will be provided with capacious offices, anu such rooms 48 are not thus occupied will be leased. On tue next story, the fifth, the foor is again broken up into fine rooms which will be rented. This Noor caps the height which contains the great windows Of the butiding, one rising above the other. On the sixth story the dimensions are 18 feet and the whole flat 18 weil lighted and ventilated. ‘the rooms are 15 by 20 feet and will be finished like the rest. Above is the seventh story, flited ina lige manner with ollices, easily accessible by the elevator. ‘The whole structure 18 crowned with a high Man- gard roof, 23 feet above the cornice, and this roof is surmounted again by a pavilion 15 feet in height, ornamented with galvanized iron, and enhancing the uppearance by a fine position in the centre of the fagade. Still higher towers the flag- stall, making the golden eagle rest 205 feet above we curb, an elevation exceeded by no structure in the city hot a church spire—and one that compares not unfavorably with many of the highest of this class. The view from the top is magnificent. To the southward the view stretches away towards the Narrows, and is mingled with every variety of the land and waterscape; over the tops of the adjoin- ing buildings, down the bay, passing the forts, the outward and homeward merchantmen, the trim men-of-war, the fleecy clouas of shipping, the dark hulis, the distant hilla of Staten Isiana, the hazy ocean outllae—it sweeps around towards Brooklyn on the cast and gives a glimpse ‘ond her Heignts, her suburban settlements, and then, drifting to northward and westward, clearly defines streets and ayenucs, conspicuous edifices and squares, and finally has the Jersey shore in fine perspective. In all other appointments the structure has been well treated, especially in the fine and durable iron- work, cast at the West Point Foundry, which shows that this material is now more of a favorite with builders than when first introduced. The structure is now near completion, and will be ready for the occupants early in the spring. Some 250 men are now in lathing, putting up partitions, mouid- ings, window trimmings and other important inte- rior Giutings. The scene and din in the butiding is one of great activity. Men engaged with the heavy and light iron work are passing to and fro, and amid the ceaseless fall of hammer and clink of metals shout and give orders, while still maintaining disci- line. ‘The great piles of material which flood the joors tr. every story is fast failing into position, and a creditable Teature is that none of this stuff has unnecessarily blockaded the sidewalk, as often occurs. Besides the points already mentioned the building has many other commendable features, espectally in its external appearance. The structure which, as near as itcan be classified, belongs to the renais- sance school, has a great altitude, but not one pro- cured by forced interpretation of the art; for a | aay ed treatment 16 Visible, wherein the designer as included two internal stories in only one of external order. This method on kerk gran- deu. and dignity of outiine, The Mezzanine order, Which it follows, 1s always pleasing whea handied with skill, as 1t has been in this instance. Two classes of taste can be gratified in the roof, which, notwithstanding its being on the Mansard order, is not visible on Broadway in its full dimen- sions, being intercepied py the bold cornices. The more severe and classical can, therefore, have the view without this attachment of the renaissance school. A group of statuary is to be placed over the pedl- ment, wiiich will be executed in tharble, repre- seating “Tue Guar@an Angel of Life Assurance ex- vending a protecting arm over the widow and orphan. in the interior the space will be ample, Each floor has about sixteen offices, averaging 15 by 20 feet each, all heated by steam, complete in toliet arrangements, lighted and ventilated by ex- ternal windows aud skylights. The principa! Noor will be ornamented with pilasters and deeply coved ceilings, with rich marble wainscotings five feet high. This, and all the principagcorridors, will be tiled with marble, Some of the other arrangements deserve mention. The vauits and safes will be on a grand scale; tho windows, seventeen by nine feet, are to be fitted with revolving Iron shutters; the lights will be of polished plate glass; the windows looking into the couating room will contain etched plate glass, whils vertical light will be suppiled by the dome; the floors gre already brick arches, with iron girders and beams, and the marbles used in wainscoating will be rare specimens, among them deposits of Savencolin, Belgian black, Surnarchel gray, deep red Griotte, [ oseatd Campan, dark green Alpine, Victoria red, Fey d Fleuri, Belgian blue and Vielvrun of @ choco- jate nue, In such fine quarters as these will the company, with their 150 clerks, move in the early spring: The interest in its outlay wiil be more than zed in the rents, thus making a table investment. architects were Messrs, Gilman & Kendall, borers J the has tho 1 building Veen under charge latter, Mr. Edward H. Kendall, this being bis first great work—a triumphant success, NEW BUILDING OF THE NEW YORK LIFE INSUR+ ANCE COMPANY, BROADWAY AND LEONARD STREET. On the site formerly occupied by 8. B. Chittenden’s wholesale dry goods establishment, at the corner of Leonard street and Broadway, and bounded on the south by Catharine lane, is the i eduice, now nearly completed, whicl bas been erected by the New York Ijfe Insur- ance Company, at am expense of nearly $1,000,000, The company long projgcted a fine bulld- ng, 0 accommodate fun eaoatte business, and wi whe formerly there was still burning the position was for the ‘The value Of this site 1s evident, because it three unbroke 2 fronta to the Broadway passer, and each elevation presents a fine nf Besides, the locauon is ee Seen to ‘ast Broad’ ‘on Leonard Gatharins lane, end 7 feet Leonard street pearance is ‘The iway front is of white marble, as the en- tire building 1s, and the glistening surface and simple grandear which broad spread of-this material exhibits has been well toned by the de signer ana will remain long ‘The purity of the marble and the English Renais- ance style which has been followed ther with the richness of the commns, the spotless white. M. Mamit, representing a nest of mother feeding her brood, which is the insignia of the company. The heavy balustrades, Ontshed pilas- ters, ornamental urns, enormous windows and the coat of arms standing at the centre of the facade on Broadway are all elements of the design, and to @ certain extent enhance the variety of the front. ‘The elevation on Leonard street ts mostly marble, and 4s supported in part. by tron columns, swhich will be punted to match the white shade of the marble. On ‘this street the roof is depressed between the fronts and rear for a considerable distance from eaca ex- tremity, thus giving to the two elevations something of the character of towers. ‘he Catharine lane tront is partly of brick, and this is the only departure front the general richness which pervades the whole build- inj Entering from Broadway and ascending a height of 9 feet 6 inches above the street, throug & large entrance 12 feet wide, in the exact centre of the building, we reach the first hoor, which will be used a8 the counting room of the company. On the north side of the hall is@ room 20 feet wide by 80 deep, and on the opposite side is another 20 feet wide and 62 deep. The grand staircase is in the rear of the latter, and is 18 feet wide, A steam elevator will be be put in operation when fhe building is complete, extending from the basefment floor to the roof. Directly to the rear of the great hall is the vestibule, 20 feet in diameter, lead- ing. from which are the spacious quarters of fhe company. The rooms thus occupied will cover an area enclosed by 60 feet width and 110 feet depth. There will be on this floor the main count- ing room, the waiting rooms, the book rooms, a room for a burglar-proof safe and the different quar- ters of the oMcera. ‘These rooms are all well lighted and ventilated, and some of them are carried two stories high for medical examiners. ‘he finish of this story will be in fine foreign marbles, wrought into panels and wainscotings, and all the appoint- ments of the interior, including the ceilings, the cor- nices and the counting desks, will be models of art ‘and good taste. As in the instance of tne Equitable building the company have determined to spare no expense in furnishing this butiding in a style commensurate with their great resources, and their efforts thus far indicate that the money will be well laid out. Tne second story is divided off into five large offices, and these will be occupied by the agents of the company. The first story is reached from the main one by an iron spiral staircase, which winds upto the roof. The third and fourth stories are undergoing @ like treatment, but will be left open lofts 1or the present. The basement floor will be rented for stores. A epnce through ita interior shows how substantially his building has been constructed. The floor over- head is made of brick arches, laid on tron beams, which in turn are firmly knit togetner by heavy tron girders, This method of construction— now comjng use for ail fire- proof bulldings—has been adopted through- out the construction. The pillars of iron which rise over each other, floor on floor, are of a double character, there being two columns, one within the other, yet separated by a circular space concentric with their common centres, which 1s filled with fire- proof cement. ‘The foundations of the building are at the nigh water mark thirty-six feet below the sur- face, on a bed of quicksand, with twenty inches of concrete intervening. The walls to the surface have been compactly constructed and are firm enough to support the superinposed weignt for all time, From the lowest apartments, the cellar, sub- basement and basement, which are respectively 8 feet, 12 feet and 13 feet 6 inches high, the buliding rises in the first story to an additional height of 21 feet, in the second story 17 feet, in the third story 16 feet and in the fourth story 18 feet, In other features this splendid structure ts fur- nished with all modern improvements. There are to be two stories of vaults extending to the curb- stone of the three streets, built massively and pro mising perfect security. The toiict arrangements nd all other accommodations will be made first clasa, and when the buliding 1s finished the entire system of economics as referring to space, personal luxury sat business capacity, Will be aa fine as any in the city. into general THE TWO BUILDINGS COMPARED. There is a sort of rivalry between the owners and designers the New York Life and the Equitable buildings a8 regards architecture and decoration. It is not for us to decide which work ein- bodies the most and which is the greater acquisition to the stateliness of Broadway. Both have been very costly, botn have been executed by great masters, and both are achievements of which every citizen may feel justly proud, One has dignity and grandeur, the other grace and striking beauty; one seeks repose, the other a lively ornamentation, They attract atfferent tastes according to the liking of the observer, and it would be hypercritical to attempt to say which is the better. ‘Together they will represent neariy $3,000,000—an expenditure, let us hope, that will be the forerunner of but still larger outlays to give diversity and character to the archi- tecture of tne city. THE ST. MAURICE (CANADA) HORROR, Twelve Lives Lost by the Curelessness of a Pitot. [Three Rivers, Canada (Oct. 11), correspondence Que- bee Mercury.] Levi Copeland, one of the survivors, gives the fol- lowing account of the accident. He says:—‘We leit the Piles for Latuque Thursday morning on board a scow owned by ‘I. Boyce, of that place, and had on board thirty-eight men, seven horses and fifteen tons of provisions and shanty rigging. We reached the Makinac that night and starved about daylight the next morning, expecting to make the Matawin before dark. On arriving at the eday formed by the Pointe 4 Chfiteau, a mile above the Makinac, the horses which had the scow intow were taken on board and the men took to the oars and paddles with the view of crossing over to # point where the horses could again be landed. A passenger named Thivierge was standing on the cabin, with the sweep- oar in his hand steering, when some observed that they had gone too far up the eddy to cross with safety, as the river was swollen and the current strong. Just then the pilot, a man named Desaul- Diers, took the sweep, sa} he could put her through, and headed ber straight across, and the moment the current struck her bow she dipped, filled and turning bottom up and was sucked into the vortex of the whirlpool. Before the scow careened a lad about fifteen years of age, @ son of T. Boyce, who was himself on board, managed, with tre passenger Thivierge, to secure # small bark canoe and reach the shore, although ina sinking condition, from the damage the canoe had sustained. Thivierge ran to the Makinac for a wooden canoe which was there, but before he re- turned the scow had roiled over like @ log two or three different times, washing off those who had succeeded in scrambling up on the bottom; but most fortunately, at last partly cleared the whirl. pool, and again, bottom up, drifted where her mast atuck in a sand reef, and some twenty-six persona, ail of whom muét have been expert swimmers, again succeeded in reaching the scow. Little Boyce was sitting om the shore, crying, fearful to put out to the scow, when his fatner, one of the twenty-six, ordered him to come on, ‘fag with the canoe he could take them all off. whe little fellow obeyed, and his father, and Desauiniers, the pilot, getting in, made for the shore. Desaul- piers was in the stern, and probably in the excite- ment of the moment paddied too rapidly, and the canoe, already half full of water, became sub- merged, and sank within twenty feet of the shore. They were all swimmers, and struck out manfully, but the eday drew them back. Boyce and bis son went down to rise no more, but Desaulniers reached the land, The wooden canoe now arrived from tha Makinac, and Mr. A. P. Swezy, on his way down from the Tuque with two empty barges, came along at the saime me, and the survivors Were taken ashore and cared for.’ it 1s ascertained that twelve persons have been lost, Among these are T. Boyce and his son Alexan+ der, from the Piles. Alexander Soucis, of Three Rivers, leaves a wife and several young children. D, feared that the accident have the result of drink, as the men iy are drunk when leav- ing the Piles; but in this instance it is sated that the men were all sober, and bad not this been the case the loss of life would have been still greater. LITERATURE. Reviews of New Beoks. Tae Lire aND Lerrens Ov FPxRDERICn WILLIAM Faugx, D. D., Priest of the Orat of Be Phuip Neri. By John Edward Bowden, of the same ation. With an lutroduction by an Amert- can Clergyman. New York: Cat ton Boclety. * A MEMO ON THE LIFE AND Rev. Prince DEMETRIUS A. DB Founder of Loretto and Catholicity im Cambria col Pa., Apostie of the Alleghaniea, By Ver: fev. Thomas yden. New Y! Catholic Pubie ‘cation Society, In these two books we have no ordinary biogra- ponies, although the last named is very carelessly ‘written. But the subjects of both are interesting. At the worst and under the least favorable cireum- stances the life of a convert to Catholicity forms & suggestive and almost curious study, To Protest ants in particular, literature of this kind reads more Ke romance than lixe the narration of sober facts. Even to those Catholics who have never been on terms of intimate acquaintanceship with theirclergy there appears a certain mystery about the life of a priest which excites their curiosity. Not the least noteworthy fact in these biographies fs that neither subjects were born and reared non- Catholics, but in manhood joined the Church of their free will. Frederick William Faber waa descended from a Huguenot family, who took refuge in iKng- land on the revocation of the edict of Nantes. His father was the vicar of Calverley in the West Riding of Yorkshire, where Frederick was born in June 1814. At an early age the boy exhibited marked abilities. He was sent to school at Kirkby Stephen, afterwards to Shrewsbury school, and from thence “proceeded to Harrow, where he remained until he went up to Oxford,” where, at Balliol Col- lege, ho was matriculated in 1832. At college his life was singularly pure and correct. He had then a strong leaning toward Calvinism, the doctrines of which he had been early taught. ‘In process of time he became a minister of the Church of England, bat it was not long beiore his thoughts were aizccted toward Catholicism, He had not married, although at one time his thoughts were ta that direction, fa aletier to the Rev. J. B, Morms on this subject he said, ‘There is but one person in the world whom i should wish to marry. * * But 1 have not the least reason tor supposing she is inlove with me, * * * Lhonor the ceiubate so highly and regard it so eminently the fittest way of ie for a priest that if Christ would graciously enabie me to learn to live alone, | stioula preter much, even with great self-denials, to live a virgin iife, aud to die a@ virgin, as God has kept me so hitherto.” In 18483 Mr. Faber visited Rome. He made earnest inquiries into Catholicity while there, and finally devermined to become a Catholic, While there he had an interview with the Pope, which we give in his own language:— We waited in the lobby of the hour, when the Pope arrived, an remaining outside, The Pope was perfectly alone, without ‘courtier or prelate, standing in the middle of the Hbrary, lain white cassock and a white wilk akuil-cap (white te ‘pal color). | On entering J kuelt down, and again, when a few yards from him, and lastly before.tim ; he held out his hand, But I kissed bis foot; there seemed to be a mean puer- ility ih refusing the customary homage. With Dr. Boggs for inter: we a long conversation; he spoke of Dr. Pusey pension for defending the Catholic doctrine of the bucharmt with amazement and disgust; he said to me, “You must not misiead yourself in wishing for unity, yeb waiting for your Church to move. Think of the salvation of your own soul.” I gaid I feared self-will and indiridual sodeing. He sald, | “You are, all individuals tn the gilsh Church; you have only externa! communion and the accident of being all under the Queen. You know this ; You know all doctrines are taught among yon anyhow: You are xood wishes, may God strengthen them! You muss think for yourself and for your soul.” He then laid bis hands on ty ghoulders and J iinmediately knelt down ; upon which be Jad them on my head aud said, “May the grace of God corre pont to your good wishes cud deliver you from the mete (snsidie) of Angticanisin and bring you to the true holy Church.” Lett him aimost tn tears, affected as much by the earnest, atfec- tionate demeanor of the old man, as by bis blessing aud his pray: hall reanember St. Alban's Day in 1643 to my life's end. (fis companion reported that the Holy Father, when first cold that he came from England, sald twice, “Inghilterra! Inghiiterra !" and burst into tears.) On the 18th of November, 1346, Frederick Faber was received into the Catholic Church, For the his- tory of his after career we must refer to the book itself, He served the Church faithiully and well tor nearly eighteen years, and passed away from earth on the 20th of September, 1563, im the full faith of his salvation through the Cathoiic religion. Somewhat diferent was the cai of Father Dewerrius de Gallitzin. He sprung trom an ilius- trious Rus: family, his father being “Prince De- metrius ot nllitzin, Chamberiatn of her Majesty the Empress Catt ine, Privy Councillor, and her Ambassador at the Court of the Netheriands.” Born atthe Hague in 1770, the future priest was destined for the Russian army; but when twenty-two years of age he patd a visit to America, and while ta the United States, having previously embraced Catholl- cism in 1795, on the Feast of St. Joseph, received the holy order of priesthood. For awhile he was engaged in the ministry at Conewago; but in 1709 he removed to Cambria county, Pa., where he ever after resided, At this time tae new scene of bis duties was a literal wilderness. He purchased Jands; tnyited acttlers to occupy them, and gradually built up the county, The town of Loretto was founded by him. By reason of his conversion to Catholicism, Father Demetrius lost his entire estates in Russia, they being, by an imperial ukase, con- fiscated to his sister, whose husband acted most infamously towards the prieat. However, the loss of bis fortune did not affect him, except in so far as it Ret! goo his sphere of use- fulness. He remained steadfast to the Church, laboring diligently in her behaif. Before he died he he was known in Pennsylvania as the Apostle of the Alleghames, His life was one long devotion to Christianity, In earlier days it is not unitkely that & man like Father Demetrius would have been canon- ized, He died on the 6th of May, 1841, leaving be- eB record of which his Church may well be proud, The biography of Father Faber and*tnat of Father Demetrius contrast with eacu other in this respect, that while the former remained in his home in Kng- jand, the iatter came a stranger to the New World, and in the mountains of Pennsylvania, tolled night and day for the faith he had embraced. it is wo be regretted that the literary execution of his biogra- phy 1s no better than itis. The subject ts one that deserves an abler biographer. Not that the book lacks interest, for it is reaily very interesting; but 1s brevity prevents that minuieness of detail which is almost a necessity forall such works. On the other hand the life of Father Faber 1s admirably written; his letiers are well arranged, and, we would remar! in passing, will be found excellent reading. We have been greatly entertained by their perusal. Lerrens FRoM Tae East. sy William Cullea Bry- ant. New York: G. P. Putnam & Son. Encouraged by the publisher, “‘who thought that the volume might be fortunate enough to fund read- ers,” Mr. Bryant has collected the letters written by him durmg a tour through Europe and Asia in 1852-3, and published them in book form. They number nineteen in all, most of which are pleasant and entertaining reading. Mr. Bryant's prose writing is very agrecable. His style is notably pure, and, although his language is invariably simple and unaffected, with nothing of the effort at grand lite- rary eflect about it, his descriptions of scenes are quite vivid and frequentiy graphic, while his narra- tive of incidents is always pkgs Of course, as a book of travels the letters will hardly take a first place in our literature, but there is much of the contents which will have something mere than an ephemeral existence. The mechanical execution of the volume is quite neat and tasteful. A Taxr Book or CuemistRy. Adapted to Use in High Schools and Academies. By Leroy ©. Cooley, A.M. New York: Charles Scribner & Co. Wo have here a very acceptable text book of chemistry, possessing some features which recom- mend it to the attention of students and others Interested in the science. The arrangement of the different subjects is such as to, In a great meas: simplify the study, and tho very latest theories are included. It is altogether as wi adapted to the popular teaching of chemistry as any work that we know of, Tue BANKER’s COMMON PLacR Book. Office of the Bankers’ Magazine. Some ten years ago this treatise on banking first appeared in the Bankers’ Magazine, and attracted considerable attention for the information it gave in Tegard to banking matters. For some time past it has been out of print, making tm edition a neces- Aity. [ts usefulness to most persons in business will be apparent ata glance. In addition, 1t is well writ- ten and is really interesting reading, the subject being treated with uausual ability, Lewis’ Tarascre IN BANK. By BE. R, Philadelphia: Claxton, Kemsen & Haffelfinger. This is a cleverly written story, containing a moral which, though as old as Methuselan, is always full of point and interest, The “treasure in bank”? 18, a8 might be imagined, not a goodly sum in greenbacks, but that treasure which comes trout the Great Master in the shape of abundant blessings of earthly felicity. The story is very weil told, and has the merit of being brief, It is no novel, nor does it aspire to the dignity of one, But it is a piain, simply worded tale, the perusal of which we recom: mend to our multifarious readers. PLAIN EDUCATIONAL TALKS WITH TEACHERS AND Panents. By Albert N. Raum, A.M. Philadelphia: Ciaxton, Remsen & Haffelfinge' Every now and then we have published books which contain an immense amount of twaddle, most effectually disguising the very small quantum of sound common sense they contain. With all due respect to Mr. Raum, who is Superintendent of Lock Haven Public Schools, we protest that this for half an the door, tioan librai preinte ope New York: we not come to the conclusion long ago that every child tm the country is miserably educated? Do we not humbly confess that to this lack of educa- tion due the corruption of our rulers? Is not “fasbtonabie” education a delusion and a snare? end is not the manner in which the lower classes teaght to reed and write » outrage? all teachers to inverrogatory sen- that Me in wretchedly ntheedber All the years esate advice that Mr. Raum gives in the book before us ve read a thousand times. His book ts no worse toate tt te undoubtedly better than many Fa Lord deliver us from some !) We have been #0 often told how to bring up and educate our children that the fathers and of the Jand must be half wild to know who ana whats right. Professor Alpha, of Homer College, recommends one system, and & host adopted, must decline to recommend the work before us, while acknowledging its merit in being very clearly and interestingly written. The subject, unhappily, a & Dore ; it is worse, it 1s a nuisance. Feuix Hout, Taw Rapicat. By George Elio, New York: Harper & Brothers, This 1s the third volume of Harpers’ library edt- tion of George Eliot's works. We have already referred to the pleasure to be derived from the pe- rusal of these works and will, therefore, no more than that the volume ts the same as the re | apd issued, Is remarkably cheap and should 6 extensively read, bay tenes Hous; on. SELF-SACRIFICE. By the author of .@ Climbers,” &c, Philadelphia: Claxton, Remsen & Hoffelfinger, We opened this book at the nineteenth chapter, which is headed “Philosophy versus Faith,” and begins with the very original statement that “‘Amic- tion is the fire that tempers the soul; and theories melt away before the fervent heat.” Having read this mach we thought it best not to be made preju- diced against the work by reading before criticising it, @ result we are assured of by Sydney Smich. Ac- ‘cord: wo do not hesitate to assert that “The Gabied House’’ may be a very story, although we do not like the beginning of the nineteenth chap- ter. In all seriousness, though, the book is very neatly printed aud bound. GREAT WORKS OF THE AGE. THE NEW BRIDGE AT BLACKFRIARS, LONDON. Five Huge Arches i Nine Hundred and ‘Twenty Feet Spanned=How the Structure fe Laid and Sustained=Travel Across the Thames. (From the London Standard, Oct, 6.) The Blackfriars bridge of the future now only awaits a final touch to make it complete, both as @ structure and as a highway. Structurally it ts sim- ply defictent at present in the more ornamental part ol the northern abutment, the Thames embank- ment having delayed the erection of the pilaster ac the northwestern angle. This part of the work, however, ts now in hand, and is proceeding rapidly, The paving of the bridge, both in regard Co the foot- way and the carriage road, ts finished, except a small portion at eaca end. The foot pavement on the eastern side will be intercepted at each ex- tremity until the traMe on the temporary bridge is stopped—an event which of course cannot be brought about until the new bridge is thrown open to the public. ‘The painting of the ironwork and the erection of the lamps are the only other noteworthy mattera as yet unfinished. For all practical pur- poses the bridge will be completed in a fortnight or Jess from the present time, 'The new bridge stretches across the river Thames tn five arch ing therefore four piers and two abutments. The curve of each arch ts segmental, that ts to say, it is part of the circle, difering there- fore from the elliptical arcn, of which @ notable ex- ampie isto be found at Westminster. The centre arch has @ span of 186 feet, the arch on each side a Span of 176 feet, and the two abutment arches each @ span of 166 feet, The centre arch rises to a height of twenty-five feet above high water mark, and the abutment arches seventeen feet. ‘Though the curve of each arch is part of the circle, the segments 1a 80 smail, in comparison wita the entire circumference, that the arches have a somewhat fat appearance, pre- senting the utmost contrast to the cavernous Water ways of old Blackfriars bridge, which, although constituting tm each instance @ very fine geo- metrical curve, nevertheless failed to produce @ bridge possessing any degree of elegance. Externally the piers of the new bridge are of gray granite; internaily they are of brickwork, built solid, and of enormous sirength. In the oid bridge much of the internal space was occupied with ruovle, whereby the arches were daly weighted, but which in other respects conferred little strength on the structure. The great defect of the now defunct bridge was tn regard to the foundations, These were not carried to a suiicient depth, Hence the scour of the tide ultimately caused the settlement of we piers and the breaking of tue arches, showing plainly that ruin was hear at haud, The foundations of the new bridge are very differently contrived, being laid deep in the hard London clay. This object was eile by sinking edgewize a number of iron caisson measuring horizontally thirty-six feet tn length by eighteen tect in breadth, which were forced down through the bed of the river until they became tired. Four of these catssous placed side by sice, with sught intervals between, aud having their leneth lying across the stream, fur- nish tue basis of each pier. At each end of this row ‘of camsons was one ol a triangular form, on which Was reared the cutwater of the pier. Hach pier, With its cutwater, tius required six caissons. Toese were sunk about twenty feet tno the bed of tue river, and were afterwards flied with concrete aud brickwork, as also the tntervening spaces, In addi- tion to these permanent caissous, others of a tem- porary character Were mtroduced, and the whole process involved tie constant empioyment of divers, ‘as Well as of steam engines, the latier to pump out the water trom the invertor of the caissons. On this soud inass of onwork, concrete and brickwork, was laid the combined brickwork and granite, form- iog the auperstracture of te bridge, Conspicuous on each pier is a column of red polisned granite, from ten to twelve feet nigh, and bout sevea feet in diameter, ‘The small height, in proportion to the diameter, gives to these columus @ peculiarly massive or compressed appearance. If ‘hey were ugly we should call them stumpy; but they are not ugly, and therefore deserve a more complimentary term. Each column has a highly ornamental capital and cornice, and on the top of all comes the parapet of the bridge, which at that part is wade of granie and forms a species of vattlement, being in fact @ recess or vay trom the pavement of the bridge, somewhat similar to those on Londoo bridge, only more ornamental in style and semil-octangular in shape. The base of euch column, as well as the capital, is of Portland stone, finely carved. ‘The capitals are extremely rich. ‘Tose on the upper river aide are made to represent river birds and plants, While the capitals on the opposite or down river side are re- presentative of marine life—gulls and seaweed, ‘The treatinent 1s very bold, and reflects credit on the sculptor, Mr. Philip. Springing from the piers, we have the immense Wrought-iron girders, nine to each arch, placed side by side, §and ,braced trans- versely with ironwork in the usual manner, The span- driis of the arches are filled in with tron lattice. work, decorated with floral boswes. The exvernal ironwork wiil be painted f a bronze green, relieved by the gliding of the bosses. The parapet of the bridge 1s of open ironwork, which also will be painted bronze green. Rising from each of the abutments 15 an euormous pilaster or pedestal of granite, with carved cornice in Portland stone. ‘Two of these Nank each end of the briage, or wiil do so when the fourth is completed at Lue northwest angie. Viewed from the roadway, these is have a fine effect, and are suggestive of statuary—eques- trian or otherwise—which We suppose at some date wili crown®heir sum The architecturai style of the bridge is Venetian Gothic, Its longth is 920 ieet, and the gradient one in forty, ‘he rise 1s, therefore gentle, and the Approach 18 easy, even on the southern side, where the ground dips, The breadth inside the paral 1s 76 feet, London bridge being 53.) Each pavement 8 16 feet wide, or 6 leet more than on London bridge, leaving 46 feet for the roadway. The height of the parapet or balustrade is moderate but suilicient, averaging 3 feet 8 inches, being slighty in excess of that on Westminster bridge, While viewing (the liberal breadth of footway and the noble aspect of the bridge generally, we seemed almost presented with an anu-climax in the shape of sundry won cylinders, stuck vertically mto tae pavement. We could scarcely beileve our eyes, but were, bevertneless, assured that tue lamps to ght this bridge wer@o be stnck ou posts, after tue good Old-fashioned style, intruding on the loot way and obtruding themselves oa tne eye in o Manner by no means favorable to architectural effect, No doubt, some economy of hit will be achieved by (lis arraugement; yet tt must ve @ poor Jamp which cannot casi its rays over half the inter. Vai of seventy-Hve feet—that is to say, about a dozen yards Lamp standards, with lamps in groups, Would shed abundant ligit if placed on the parapet, where they need not be any eye-sore. If they were in this latter position (ue gas could be laid oa through pipes, independent of the pavement. Ac- cording Ww the present arrangement tue pipes are under the pavement, and whenever they require Altentions—though 1 may be but seldoim—some of the stones Will Lave to ve raised. At all times tho iron posis will be an obstruction. They stand back afoot from the roadway, aud therefore practically occupy—where they occur—about two feet out of the tiiteen, If fitteen feet space 18 not too mucu, thirteen eet is too little, Concerning the pavement, we stould observe that it is not tagged with gran- ite, but with York stone, Lhe advantage of the latter material consisting in its affording a firm hold for tho foot, which granite dovs not. The latter, we pre- sume, the more permanent material; but York stone 15 said to be very durable, The pulling down of the old bridge commenced in June, 1564. ‘The erection of the new bridge began about a year later, the memorial stone being iad by Lord Mayor Hale, iu July, 1805, Much dimcuity was €xperienced tn constructing the foundations, par- ticularly @t the northern end, where the bed of tuo river proved extremely unfavorable for the work, ‘The engineers of the bridge are Messrs. Cubitt and Carr, The contractors—both for pulling down the old bridge and erecting the new ‘olle--are Messrs. P, and A. rn & Co., Whose engineer, Mr. F. W. Bry- ant, has acted as their representative in carrying out the works, The temporary pridge—titwelf an in- jus structure—was erected by Messrs. Rennie & sia Ay alata uss carn in all m supp! bury, ia sere ores, & Co., of Wednesbury, The Thames Embankment. the London Standard, Oct, 6,) The Thames embankment 1s rapidiy advancing to its janction with the northern extremity of bri The river wall already existe, sheli of the subway is @ conspicuous object. The cal road of the embvankinent will rise to the level of the new bridge, aw upon Brid, street, where the junction wil eflected. traMe irom ewbankwent road, passing obiiqi across Chatham place and Bridge street, will enter upon the new street jeading to the M House, With the embankm road will come sundry subterranean works, passing under the th Immediately orth of Blackfriars bridge. Tuere will be the northern low level intercept sewer, the subway for gaa, water, &c., and the Metropolitan District Ratlwa, All these will travel togetier up the new street, th subway being divided into two subways, one on each side of the railway tunnel, as far as Bread street hill, There (umess the plans should be altered) the railway will branch off to Queen street. From this point of divergence, or thereabouts, the two sub- Ways will become one, still proceeding up the new street, At Cannon street the intercepting sewer will pass off down that street, ita place in the thoroughfare to the Mansion House being taken local sewer of smailer dimensions. lu regara to the Fallway @ station is projected at Chatham place, on the eastern side, When ail these enterprises are complete the tramo of London will be largely facilitated, while the bridge itself will be an architectural ornament as well aa an engineering achievement of which the corporation may weil be proud, THE SUEZ CANAL. The Inauguration Ceremonies=The Viceroy’s Invitation to the Members of the Press. We have received the following oMcial invitation to be present at the inauguration of the Sues Canal:— Panis, Sept, 25, 1869, To THe EpiTor OF THE HERALD:— Sin—The Suez Canal is to be opened on November 1%. This undertaking, executed in the midst of so many matefial dimiculties, is of @ nature calouiated vo interest all enlightened minds, Under these auspices his Highness the Khedive would be happy to have you assist at the inauguration of the capal, and has charged mo to invite you on bts bekall. Accept, air, the expression of my most distinguished consideration, By order. J. NABARAOUY. THE ROUTE. " The persons invited, whom it may sult to limit their trip to the Maritime Canal of Suez, must leave Paris on November 7 at the latest; those who desire to visit Upper Egypt are solicited to make the same known by September 1, as they must leave Parts by October 7, embark at Marseilles on the 9th and be at Cairo on October 16. The departure for Upper Egypt, as far as the First Cataract, will take place during the second fortnight in October, and the re- turn to Cairo will be calculated 80 thut they can be present at the inauguration. The peraons invited Will not be required to secure railroad passes, as they will be delivered to them in Paris, Cabins will be retaiued for their use on board of the steam packets of the Mossagertes Impériaics or on board of the Peninsular Company, at their convenience, and aiso for their stay in Egypt. The return journey can be effected direct Irom Alexandria to Marseilles, or from Alexandria to Brindisi and then by the Italian and French railroads, The invited guests will be furnished with all the complimentary information they may require by Mr. Nabaraouy bey, Celene ot his Highness the Khe- dive, No. 9 Rue Roy, Paris. THE SANDWICH ISLANDS. Slave Ship at Honolulu—Over Six Haondsed Coolies on Board—Alleged Mutiny and Kille ing of the Ringleader=Trade Matters Earthquakes. HONOLULU, Sept. 1, 1869. Another sensation has disturbed the usual quiet which pervades this community—no less than the arrival of a veritable elaver at this port, On Sunday, the 16th ultimo, a abip appeared in the offing fying a flag which seemed to be a parody, if [ may #0 use the word, on the glorious Stars and Stripes. The stripes were blue and white and the stars were set in ared field. The vessel was evidently of American butd, On being boarded the captain stated that it was the San Salvador ship Callao, from Mucao, China, with emigrants, bound to Callao, A friend of mine visited the ship, and at my request prepared the following statement:—On the morning of tlie 17th of August I went onboard the coolie ship called the Cal- lao, lying at,anchor outside of Honolulu harbor. The captain and officers were at breakfast and I asked an introduction, as I had come off in the water boat which was supplying the siip. Upon coming from the breakfast table the captain (Lavarello, a Geno- ese) went ashore with two or three other well dressed persons, There was @ barricaie, or iron railing, about seven feet high, at the broak of the deck, and separating the forward part of the ship from att. At each of the two gates in this barricade stood a guard with a bayonet in his hand, who fastoned the gate immediately when any one passed through. One of them may have had a cutlass, On each side of the deck a gun, about a 6-pounder, was poited forward, 1 entered into conversauon with one of the guards, who could speak some Bnglish. He could not tell me the name of the tain, and said the ship’s name was Nuuiber Une, The carpen- ter, a Swede, also told me the same subse- quently. The ‘guard said the flag was Central American; said that they had 650 cvolles on board; that they Inutinied when avout a Week at sea, about noon, aud that the ringleader was kilied aud several others badly wounded, fourteen were in trons at the present time, Breaktast was served out to the coolies between ten and eieven o'clock, There were about sixty baskets of good white rice, and with each basket 8 dish of greens and a dish of potatoes and meat. This was sent below. Tuere were tron gratings over the hatcuways, Between twelve and twenty Chinese rere pronited with short doubio pieces of rope, The; ted as police. Saw several persons struck. Alter oreakiust about one-third of the coolles came up on deck, The prisoners, chatued two and two by the ankles, were marched acest, and forward about an hour before f leit the cove raw. b's At least two of them showed their un- buttocks—the whole suriace perfectly 1 was tod they had been flogged. How many lashes? “Oh, one or two hundred," was the answer, I did not ask how many had been flogged. A large gang were vet to scouring tne ship's brass, all along insioe the rail. 1 went below and found tolerably clean quarters. The cooles were most of thein neariy naked. None that | saw had any cucs, Some looked quite skeleton-lk others were in good condition, There were not very many sick, There had been seven deaths, including one killed, ‘The chained leaders appeared to be of a ditlerent race, taller, blacker and of a com- manding carriage of body, The carpenter, who could talk some Englisn, corrovorated what the guard told me. The passageway leading to the cabin was weil provided with lances and cutlasses. I did not go astern to see if any name was painted on the ship. This statement proves clearly as to the eharacter of the trafic in which the saip was en- gaged. It is said that the ip was formerly the American ship Twilight, A newspap of your city, in an article on the covile trade between Macao and South American orts, said that the Governor of Macao, ‘after having 2 convinced of the truth of charges of crucity made against the Spanish-American shippers of coolies and against South American planters, re- cently revoked the licenses of those ome in the traiic to that part of the world from Macao.” On this point and in regard to the presence of the ship the Advertiser’ says:— ‘The presence of the Callao at thin port direct from Macao, bound to Peru, provex the falsity of the last assertion, or, 1f truo, we hai napped, i right to dnfer tint the 60 Chinese were kl Wo trust that his Majenty’s goverume! deavor to publish this ould be juterested in the waiter. ernment know to whint base used put and noilfy the Governor of Macao a thi ment of laws which govern emigration tn civilized cor munities. By @ prompt disavowal of sympathy for concerned in (hl tradio and use of every to prevent its continuance our government will do much to make its record sound on this particular point. land wpent hundreds of lives and millions of treasu break up tho African slave trade, Unnnot the Englan to-day or America make one effort 0 break up this iniquito “emigrant” traiic, which differs from tua African trade in but one particular, the color of its vietims ? A want of policy on the part of the government and a complete stagnation in all branches of busi- ess 1s CAuKINg KOE Littic tal The mechastics par- Ucularly feel it, aad in casting about for ways aod means to better matters haye bit upon the idea of protection for their manuiacturea. Phe Hawatlon overninent organ has already publisiied one article favoring the idea, but whether the Gazelle whi favor itis questionable. The muuisters would doubiess like wo quiet the mechanics by yielding ta their. views: but whether they Would care to come in contact with the mercar ele- Ment 14 a@vother ting, So far as the Hawalians are concerned it would seem desirable W protect euch manuiacturing interests as the, ed are empl in-—that 18, tdmitting that 1 is desirable to protect them in their independence. Tae annexation ele ment in this kingdoi wili oppose protection, if for nothi than that it may hago on the good they are looking te arthquakes are again the Tlawatl, several severe socks li A party just froin that islaaa states to the Ad- er that & portion of the coast had subsided trom its former |e An tupression that seemed for a while to pri wat the whole sold island Wad more or d down Into the sea seems to have been enurely Incorrect, But at Keauhou, Puna, and perhaps aa far down as Waiohinu, Kau, there are reliable data for suppos- ing that the coast level has changed. Places aioug the beach at ine first mentioned place formeriy exposed and even used a building sites areentirely under water. The depth of the water at the anchorage is perceptibly greater, from four to »ix feet, Rocks on the recky poiuts of land are visibiy lower down at the water's fe than before. Another fact bearing on the question is that in the late heavy swell from the southeast, which we noticed af having seriously damaged @ school. house in Puna, the sea rolied in over ground never before known to have been cover This would more be accounted for on the sup tion thas the land was lower than by allowing i the sca rose than before, The area of sub- sidence does not to have’ extended ver; inland, as. @ nomber of very extensive cracks, Giagonal or nearly paraliel with tae coast, would 8p to indicate where, so to speak, the stelf of subsided land broke froin the main These fi are interesting a4 bearing on various logical theories relating (0 other parts of shir Group. jer of the day on ag been recently Es