The New York Herald Newspaper, April 15, 1869, Page 10

Senator Sumner’s Speech on the John- son-Clarendon Treaty. England’s Policy Towards the Re- bels aud the Union. The “Belligere am id t Rights” Comeession, trming ling of the Pirate. Qur National Loss in Tonnage $110,000,060. We p Sumner on Tuesia, in executive s idlish below the speech delivered by Senator before the United States Senate on the subject of the Alabama claims t treaty negotiated in London be- tween Minister Reverdy Johnson and Lord Clarens don, aud wiiek has just met such a signal rejection hands of the Senators, Mr. Sumner’s his- of the course and policy of eat ards the Union, from the hurried conces- gion of “velhgerent mgits” te the rebels in arms, to the fiuing out of the pirate Alabama, and thenee to the moment of her latest operations against our settic: NEW YORK HERALD, THUKSDAY, APRIL 15, 1869.—QUADRUPLE SHEET. sider briefly, but with proper precision, the true ground of complawt; and here aguin we shall see the coustabt madequacy of the remedy now applied, It is with reluctance that I eater statement, ant 1 do it only Im the dis of a duty winch cannot be Closé upon the ousheaes our just one month after the bombardmen i undeveloped, when thé begiani those io When tae revellion was Rational government w Began efforts which ended so frinmphantly, the couptry was startied by the news thay the British govern- ment had inicrvened by a proclamation, which ac- corded belligereut rights to the revels, At the early dafe When luis was Gone the rebels were, as they re- mained to the close, without ships on the ocean, Wilhout prize courts or other tribunals for the ad- miaisirauion of justice on the Ocean, Without any of those conditions Widen are the essential prerequt- gies to such @ concession; and yet the coucession Wee geoeral, being applicable to the oseam and the laud, So that by Hntsh fat they became ocean bei- ligerents as well as lend belligereats, Tn the swift- ness of (nis bestowal there was very little considera- tion for a friendiy Power; nor does if appear that there was any inquiry into those condi jons prece- dent on witch it Gist depend. 0: being a ‘iact,”? and not a “principle, can be recog- nized only on evidence showing its actual existeace, according to the rate, first stared by Mr. Canuing aud atterward recogaized by Barl Russell, But no suck evidence was adduced, for it did not exist and never tas existe. ‘Too miuch stress cannot be laid upon the rule that belhgerency 13 @ ‘fact’? and not a “principle.” It is, the most to nh bellisereney belag upwards of thirty-six hours, and during tuis time she was suppiied with men from the British steaumtug Hereuies, whiea followed her frour Liverpool. These thirty-six hours were allowed to elapse without any attempt to Sop her. Here was another stage of “orass igence,” Thus was there negligence in allow, bau to proceed, ueghence in allowing the eseape trom Liverpool, and uegienee in alowtng the tinal escape from the British coast, Lord Russelt, while trying to vindieace his geveryment and repelling the complainis of the United States, more than once admitted that the escape of the Alabama was & “seandal and re- ouch,” which to we me is very like a coufesslou. Language could not be stronger. Surely such an act cannot be blameless, IH damages are ever awaraed to a iriend!y lower for injuries recesved it is cificult to see Where they couid be moce strenuously claimed tuan in a case which she First Mimster of Ue oifeud- ing Power did not hesitate to characterize so strongly. The enlistment of the crew was not less obuoxions to censure than the building of the ship and her cseaj Te was @ part of tie transaciion. ‘The evidence is explicit. Not to eccupy too laueh ume, | reier only to the aiidavit of Wiliiaca Passmore, Who swears that he was: with the express uuderstandiag that the ship was “to fght for the government of the Coniederate States of America; that he jomed her at Laird’s yard, at Lirkeuhead, near Liverpool, ue there several days; that he found about thirty old man-of- War’s-men On board, ainong Whom it was ‘well Known that she was going ous a8 a privateer r for the Confederate scvereeeey to fight a commission trow Mr, Jeverson is,” Ine ast aps, important contribution this discussion, aud its original statement, on the occasion of the Greek revolution, does honor to its author, un- questionably the brightest gemmus ever directed to this subject. According to this rule bellizgereacy must be proved to exist—w inust be shown, It ean- not be linagiued or divined or tavented; it inust exist as a “fact”? within the knowledge of tue world, (the dry land earth and the gathering of the waters cailed Fe seas, the two have beea separate and the power over one kas not necessarily implied power over ihe other. ule marine, 18 emiuenty accurate in its oieat orter, logical, patriotic and to the therefore, Culumand we attention of public. | t | Seuate having met in executive session, and | tion of secrecy being removed by order, aner rose and sard:— Mr, PRESLD A report recommending that the Senate do not advise aod consent to a treaty With a rower, Guy signed by the Plenipotentiary e Hatin, 1s OL rare ecourrence, ‘Treaties are ted with amendments, and sometimes pout any Fecommendawon; but I do not recall an ce, Since | came inte the Senate, where such a ¥ hus been reported witi the recommendation Which is noW under consideration. The character of ihe wealy seemed to justify the exceptional a dominion of the ocean, But whatever power tue revels on the land they were always witn- out power on the vcean, Aduniiting thas they were beiligerents ou the laud, they were never belligerents on Lue ocean, ‘The oak leviathans, whosetuge rbs make ‘Vheir clay creator the vain U18 ake Of iord of thee and aruiter ofwar; these they never possessed. Such was the “fact,” that must govern the preseat question. The rule, so simple, plain and itelligibic, as siated by Mr. Canning, is a decisive touchstone of tue British con- er whieh, whew Brougts oi, found to be Wi ub 8 yy in precipitanc: with which it was laun concessign was hed, as more unfriendly in substance, It was the first stage in the depredations on our commerce. Had it mut been made neo rebel ship couid have been built in England. Every step In her building would have been piracy. Nor could any munitions of report. ‘ihe committee did not hesitate in the conclusion th the treaty ought to be re- jected, aud they have said s0, do not disguise the importance of this act; but I beaeve t in the iaterest of peace, which ne should have at heart, the treaty must be A treaty which, imstead of removing an % grievance, leaves it for heartburning and cannot be ConsiGered a sestiement of peud- » between two nations, It may seem m, but doe Its nothing but a characte! t p national ws is alowed to remam. For all this there is not vrd of regret or even of recogni- tion; nor 1s ly Semubitnce Of compensation. It cannot be f e interest of either party that Buch a tr d be raiified, 5 It cannot pro- terest of the move the United States, for we naturally seek eas the foundation of a good understanding With Great Britain, nor can it pro- Moie the tite ol ¢ at Britain, Which must also seek @ real sett of ail pending questions. Surely 1 do noverr when say that a wise statts- manship, whether on our side or on the other side, Must apply itseif to Umd tue real root of evil, and then, th , temp a TMhovera: » SOc thal it is CAUry interest of bowh parties, and anything short of it is lt is Su: ut tO Say that the present does no such Uuinz, and that whatever may b-en the dispusitioa of the negotiators, the real root of evil remais uatouched iD aii its original strep th, Tmase Wiese renaras merely to charac. terize the treaty and prepare the way for its con- guderauion, If We jook at the negotiation which tmmediately preceded the treaty, we flud little to commend. You have it on your table. Lthink i am not mistaken When | say that it shows @ hastegyhich flads iew precedents In diplomauy, but which eXplamed by the anx to reach a conclusion betore the advent of a new administration. Mr. Seward and Mr. Kev- erdy Johnson both unite in this unprecedented Qciivity, using the Adautic cable freciy. |! should RSFevjec to haste or vo Me freest use of the cable, if the regult were such as could be approved; but, con- sidering the character of the trausaction and how completely the treaty conceais the main cause of offence, it’ seetns as Mf the Lonorave negotiators were engazed in huddiing something out of sight, The treaty has for tg tuodel the latins Convention of 183, ‘To take Buch a convention a3 & model Was a strange mis- take, This couvention was Jor the settiemeat of out signding claws of American citizens on Great bri- tan aod of british subjects on the United States Which had arisen since the Treaty of Guent in 1315. Jt concerned individuals only aud not the nation, It ‘Was not im any respect political; nor was it to re- move any sense of national wroug. ‘To take such a conventiod &8 tae model for 4 treaty which was to ‘ deteriume anattouds 4fievance of transcendent tn- portance in the relations or ‘¥9 Countries marked On the threshoid an insensibility wo ind-Cue Nature Of the difference to be settied. At once it bo.!tled the work to be done, AD inspection of the treaty shows how from be- g@inuleg to end it 13 merely for the settiement of Indi- Vidual claims on both sides, putting both batches on @n equai'ty—so inat the sufferers by the misconduct ot England may be counterbalaucea by English blockade’runners. it opens with @ preambie, which, instead of announcing the wuprecedented question between the two countries, simpiy refers to indi vidual claims which have arisen since 166¢—which Was the last time of settlement—some of which are stili pending and remain unsettled. Who would be- \uat under these words of commoa place was ld that unsettied difference which has Already so deeply sured the American people, and 13 desuned Wulil Dnally adjusted to cccupy the alven- i world? Nothing bere gives no Tancie tae preamble, as it jous times stnee the exchance ; a between Creat Britain ed as London on the the government of her the United Stay government of the Uniied Vy and whereas $07 per Majesty the & aud Ireiaad, and the of opinion wilh nga real i United Kingdom of G: wident of the United \ Beat w ay fresca Ghce wie (wo counties, toake arraiseuunts for taat purus b Feution, } The provi thece cases, wo Beans of & COR: na of the treaty are for thetrial of A ustituved, which 18 ; DUT in Lae event be deter sons pamed by each ediag were @ proper ve claus, It is jemnity wulen be- Tue moral sense 19 any staze of the trial, » subsequemt provisio or head of # iriends Selection as arluirator, ‘ihe realy not merely mak vieion for the ¢ on of the great question, but te seer I esely that it sali never > presented, The petty provision mat Calms, sibject to & set-off trom the ind. vidual clans of ni, so that in the end Our country Inay poss eveive noting, is tae con- Maeration fur this se urrender, | borrow a term irom an Enelish on wNOLNEr OCCA sion if I call it apt rement Of a few indivirtual rit farreachiug md desirw uve plata Words by Which (its 18 don high cont ngage $0 conaiter the result of the H inal ee settlement of every « of any traveact fications 9. ti = ym of tive dered and nee Boned zr) had mussivl AML this 1 quove diroctly from the treaty. It is sriicle jive. ‘sue ational cause is handiod as noibing more than a buadle of Indtvidwal claines, @nd the jcouit of the proceedings under the pro- a tr iy to bo a ‘fall and final séthement,” go that ti ter ns ‘Buall be c red and treated a nd barred and tieaceiorut fawetuaies Here i8 no provision for the real question Livougit thrust out Of Pigiv, oF de+ eiared to be setued and varred,’’ accordwg rotura to page to tite teria wrenty two countries. Ww terms, ti 38 moade be w Nor caw tt ve forgoite of the rile of imernet » "This, too, bs | While doc so | an onsiant moud Vt there Is nO recoge onal duty applicable to sucit ¢ dusetuied. s the treaty makes Jains oo tig Brith vidual? they <d by tue text, which has no Hnisations OF execyuicns Awoady 1b 14 announced in Kagiand that even tose confederae bond: howers? ave ineiived, | have beiore 1 fish journal Which describes the latter cians as founded on “limmense quantities of cotton, worth at the time of thew peizure nearly two shilllags a pound, Wiict were thea in the | possession of those bondlolders,” and tis thority @dds:—These cians will Aiterently with overs, before th commiisaton wiettever it aval sit.” From another Quarter | learn that these bondholders are “very aan. ne of success wader the treaty as it is worded, it is that the low went up irom nothtog ex tained tha: (ie tri nerican peopie are ay euon rhe ‘That they pus. AB are comple desigaed joint have been furnwhed. ‘The direct gousequence of this concessiol piace the rebels onan gquaity with ourseives in all British markets, whether of ships or mumiions of war. As these were open to tie national goverument, so Were tley open to tite rebels. The asserted neutrality between the two began by this tremendous concession, when rebels, at one stroke, were trausiormed not only ito belligerents but imto customers, in attributing to that bad proclamation this peculiar influence, I fellow the authority of the law lords of England, who, according to the au- theatic report, announced thas without it the fiting out of a ship in Engiand to cruise against the United States would have been an act of piracy. This conciu ion was clearly stated by Lord Chelms- ford, ex-Uhaucellor, speakmg fr humself and oth- if the Southera confederacy guized asa Lelliverent Power, he agreed with his noble aud learned friend ‘Lord Brougham) that, under these circumstances, Wf any englishman were to fit outa privateer jor the pur- pose of assisting the Southern States against the Northera States, ke would be guilty of piracy.” Thus conclusion is only according to analogies of law. Lis crimmal tor British subjects to forge bombs or hand- grenades to be employed in the assassination of @ foreign sovereigt at peace with Eug- Jand as whea Uernard supplied from Eug- land the mussiles used by Orsini against the lite of the French Bmperor—ail of wuaich is illustrated by Lord Chief Justice Caupbeil in his charge to tae jury ou the trial of Beruard, and also by contemporaneous oOpimions of Lord Lynd- hurst, Lord broagham, Lord Truro, and at an earlier day by Lord Elienhbord m a case of libel on the First Consu!. ‘That excellent authority, Sir George Cornwall Lewis, gives a summary drawn from all these opinious, Wen he says:—“ihe obligation im cumbent upon a Siate of preventing her sou from being used as an arscual in Which the means of attack against a foreigu governinent may be coi lected and prepared for use is Wholiv independent of the loria aud Character Of that goverament.” (On Extradituon, page 75.) As every government is con- Strained by tuis rule, so every government is entitied to its safeguards. There cau be no reason why tne life of our republic should be tes8 sacred than the ite of an emperor or suould enjoy less pro- tection from Uritishiaw! That England became an “arsenal” for the rebels we Know, bat Uais could not have been uuless tue prociamation had prepared the way. The only justification that I have heard for this extraordinary concession, which unleashed upon our country the furies of foreign War to commingie with the furles of rebeliion at home, 18 that Presi- dent Lincoln undertook to proc aia a blockade of ie rebel ports. By the use of this word “biockade”’ the Concessiun 18 vindicated. tad President Lincoin proclaimed a closing of the rebel ports could uaye been bo each Concession, This is a were techaicaity. Lawyers migat call itan apex juris; and yet on Uus sharp polat England haags ner de fence. ILis suilicicut that in a great case like the present, where the correiative dutics of a friendiy Power are in question, au act fraught with such por Lentous evil cannot be vindicated on a teclmicuiity. th this debate there is no room for tectnicalty on ejcet aide, We mast look at the substance and find @ reason {" Rowing short of overruling neces- sity. War cawnc® be, justified merely oo 8 tecinteality; nor can’ 2% Coucession of ocean beliigeroney to rebels withous * Port or prise court, Such @ concession, like Wt ltself, must be at tne peri of the pation making ‘The British assamption, besides: veing oleusive from mere technicality, 8 Inconsistent with tue pyo- clamation of the President, taken asa whole, whitch, Wiile appointing a lockade, 1s carefat to reserve the rights of sovereignty, taus puttiag foreign Powers on their guard against aay premaiure coucession. Aiver declaring ao existing tusurrection 1a certain States and the obstruction cf the laws for the col- lection of the revenue as the motive for action, the President invokes not only the law of nauons, but the “laws of the United Staves,” aud, in further assertion of the national fov- ereigaty, declares rebel cruisers to be pirates, Clearly the prociamation mast be taken as a whole and 3 digerent provisos so imerpreted as to har- monize with eaca otuer, IT they cannot stand to- ee then it is the “bicckade” wich must be modi. tied by the national sovereignty and not the national eiguty by the blockade. Such should have m the interpretation of @ friendly Power, espe iy wheu it is considered that there are nuwerous deuw of whae tue great German authority, , caus “paciic vieckade,” ur blockade withows concession of ocean beiligerency, as in ‘the case ox France, England wud | burgia fgatust ‘Turkey, 127 cranes agaist So xico, 1ss7-#; France and Great jrts against we Argentine repavli¢, 1585-35; Russia agaist the Cir cadsiams, 1891-06, iustrated by the seizure of tie Vixen, 50 famous in diplomatic history (‘‘haute- feuie des Droits et des Devoirs des Neutres.”) Cases Like thes lod Heifer to lay down the rule that “mockede” does not necessarily constitute # state of regular war (Droit laternwtional, sections 112, 121), «8 Was assamed by ive British proCiamation, even 1p Wwe fates of py "6 words by President Lin- coum asserting the Latioual sovereignty and appeal- tog bo the “lsws of tue United States.” fhe existe euce of such cases Was Lke @ nouce tothe British gover Agaust the COuCeRsion so Tasuly Inale, suficieut warning, Which Uns Power disregac So Jar as i now known the whole case for Encian’ by rresident Linc the concession without jw It was this word the antes loall those Was ueyligence, or, according to tue language of Lor HrougHau on vnotiier occasion, “crass negiigence,” making and justly response for dia (hat ei- med. 1 pirave stp found refuge io an obscure harbor of Wales, known as moeltva bay, where sue aricet 18 an argument againat the (com the treaty, f Cours Now to com- Tay in Britis waters from hal-past seven Pclok at war | Borrowtng a phrase from that master of ae hosiile expeditions were equiyp Staves. Itepencd che eutes ot w oa iw it to tum tat one silte seiousty uaed by @ trusting President, ov: gat up by & rand made he par 1) y dd that tiere is ther word often | | for apology. it i# raitty,” whielt vas prociumed between two beligerents. Ut aiways provided that the | fuilly? proclaimed did aot bega with a con- | essioa WO one party hout wich tms party | woud be powerless, yeu two established ua | tions, Lotu Independent, es between Kassie and France, there may be neutrality; for the two are fircaly equal in nghis, aud We proclamation woud be precisely eqnai i iis operation. But where one party is af established batoa and tie otter i to | Tita ont am odious combination of ret te pros Clamation 14 most uneqdal ia oper jor tb begins by @ solemn investiture of r witit al tie rights of war, aayine to them, as was | oultal koight, ‘Kise; here is a ; To cai such op invesugabon & proclamation of neutiality Isa misnomer | it was & tion of equality berween the national jov- ‘on the one side aad reoels o# the other, and no plausiole word can obvcure this distunctive char. ace hen cawe the bubding of the pirate ships, one after anotie the Alalama Wea still in the si) ypAENE Wide sie wits tne tended for Ue re! Miweter ae London and our Consul at Liverpool exert for her atrest and Joe pat olf from day Ga the 2th 1862, Mr. Adwind his eval accompanied by an the eminent riser, Mr. Collier, alteywards cariog te plala duty of te Brisa government to stop het, Ineteud of act prompuy by the te graph, five days were aluwed to rubout, when, at | Inet, tuo tardy the nevessary order waa despatched, Neanwhie the pirate sap éscaped from we port of javerpool by a siratagenl, and her voyage begun With music and frodc. Here, beyond al question, of the erew now before me there is a large nuniber said to be from the “royal naval reserve.’” i mizht add to this testimony, ‘Phe more the case 18 examined the more chearly do we discern tne char- acter of tie transaction, The dedication of the stip to the vebel service, trom the very laying of the keel and the organization of her voyage, Rngland as her uavai base, from which she drew munitions or at least as a “fact” suseepuble of proof Nor can } of War aud men, made Ler departure ag much u ut be inicrved on tue ocean werely from tis existence | hostile expedition as uf she had sailed fort from her ou the iad. From the beginning, whem God called | Majesty’: 3 dock yard, At a moment of peace, between tue United States and £1 there Was a hostile expedition against the Dtates, It was im no just sense & ound Enwted tran. ‘There 13 @ dommion of the land aad | saction but an act of war. building waa in defiance of municipal, Whose escape ‘h,”? and whose enlistment of her crew was & it sequel to the rest, after be! supplied with an armament and with a rebel commanaer, ie her career of piracy. Mark now a new stage complicity, Constantly the pirate ship waa within reach of British cruisers, and from time to tame within the shelier of Ports, For six tality og rg ' abel ten i n, pit y The coal and other supplies so necessary to her piano ner But no harp bern os British magistrate ever arrested the offeading ship, whose voyage was @ continuing ioandad asta reproach’? to the British goverament. The excuse for this Serange license is @ curious technicality, ag if a tecanicality could avail in this case 1 jurispradence, Sir William Scott, it ta said that the rH “deposited” her original my at the conclusion of voyage, #0 that afterward she was less. But the Bat opal hac ast apna erty w with an indelibie dye, No british craiser could al- ue wahoated ath age 2 pestlciay of jana out renet com england. Yhe yu case begins With & ei pirates; it next shows itself tn the butiding of the ship, nthe armament and in the eseape, with so Much of neghgeuce on the part of the british govern- ment a3 to constitute suferance, if not connivance; and then again the case reap in the welcome hospitaluy accorded a British cruisers and by the magistrates British ports to the pirate ship, wuen her evasion frow British juris- diction was well known, Thus, at three diferent stages, the British government is compromised—iirst, tu the concession of ocean beiligereucy, on whici all depended ; secondly, in the negligence which aliowed the evasion of the 8! in order to enter upon the hostile expidition tor which she was built, manned, armed and equipped; and, thirdly, im the open com- plloies which, after this evasion, gave her welcome ospitality and suppiles in Briiish ports. hus her depredations and barnings, making the ocean biaze, from Bugland, whlch py three different ted the torea. To Engiaud must be traced ulso al! the widespread consequences which ensued. take the case of the Alabama, because It is the best known, and because the bi and escape of this ship were under cl most Obnoxious to Judgmens; but it wiil not ve for- gowen that there were consort ships, built under tue shelter of tuat fatal proclam: issued In such the ships it One aiter we they enjoyed the Audacity reached its height when fron-clad rams were built, aud tue perversity of the British govera- ment ue Still Tore conspicuous by its iong re fusal to arrest these destractive engines of war, to be employed against the United States, cled hesitation This mu, Where the consequences were so Mebacing, is & part of tue case, It which were built ander is plain that the je safeguard of this prociamation— which sivie forth from the British shores and after- ward cujoyed the tmuuanittes of British ports—were nos ouly British in origia, but Britisu mm equipment, British in armament and Briush in crews. ‘Tney* were Briush in every respect, except in their com- muuders, who were rebel, and one of these, asus ship Was sinking, owed his sufety to a. Briush yacat, sqennciinian: the omuipresent sup) of England, ‘the cheers of a Brus, T sip crossing the path of the Alabama encou the work of pi and the cheers of the House of Gommons encow the bui.der ol the Alabaina, while lie defeuded what ne hud done and exclaimed, in taunt to hin whois now an illustrious member of the Britisa Cabinet, Joan Brignt, that he “would rather be handed down to posterity a8 the builder ef a dozea Alabamas” than be the author of tue speeches of thas geatiemaa “crying up” the Institutions of the United Staies, which the builder of the Alabama, rising with his theme, deaounced ‘a3 of no vaiue Whatever, and as free oy very name of liberty to an utter absur- ists,’ While the cheers of the House oi Commons echoed? Uack his words. Thus from oeginning wend, from the 1étal prociaumation to the 1@uicing of the accidental shig aud the rejoic of the of Commons Was thit hostile expedition and encouraged b' ‘The same it Wintcis dic v4 England. spirit tated the swift concession Of beiilgerency with ail 1by deadiy incidents ruled the hour, cutering into and possessing every pirate ship. ‘There are two circumstances by which tne whole case is aggravated, One is found in the date of the prociamauon, which lifted tne rebels to an equality with the national government, opening to them everything tiat was oven to us, wheiher suipyard, foundries of manuiaciories, aud giving to them @& fag on the ocean coequal with the (ag of Gie Union. ‘This extraordinary manifesto was issued on the day before the arrival of our Min.ster in Eugiand, so that wien, after au ocean voyage, he- reached the British government, to which he was Ac ited, he fownd this great and terrible indig- nity to hig couatry already perpetwated aud the hhoodg. ea opened to iniinite woe ‘hg Ministey holt ea aarzowuced; he Was daily expeciod, The British government knew of his corning. But in hottest haste Uney did tuls thing. Tae otuer aggra- vation is found in is fugrant, anuatarai departure from that anti-slavery rale whieh, by. manifold declarations, legislauve Nitical and diplomatic, Was Ue avowed creed of Engiand. Often was thts rule proclaiined, but, if We xevept the «reat act of emancipation, never rmore pointediy than im the famons circular of Lord Paimerscon, whhe Minister oi Voreign Affairs, anhounciag vo alt nations that Epgiand waa piedged to bie universal abolition of slavery. And vow, when slavelolders, in the very madness of barbarism, broke = away from national government and aiemped found @ new empire with — slavery decared corner stone, anii-slavery Fngiand, out @ day's delay, without even waiting the arrival of oar Minister, wo was Known to be on his Way, made hase to decree that tis shameful 1 impossible pretension should eajoy equal nglts with the onal government in ber slvpyarda, foundries wanufactores and eqnai ngite on the ocean, Such was the decree, Rebel siavehold- ers, cocupled a & hideous attempt, were taken by Lhe band, and thus, With the oficial protection and the Godepeet of anti-slavery Engiand, canmenced Uieir accursed Work. 1 close tls part of the arga- ment by tho stimeny of Mr. Brigit, who, in a peech at Koehdate anvong te netgbbors, Februsry thus exiwbits tue criminal complicity of Eng- vet more than T have worda to etpree this painful fan thay of afl the countries in Kerope thie oonenry is ue yond which has wen in it who are wiling bo take Reps iit sovended slave yovernme:t, We supply the ply the arme, the munition Wary We give Ines, Knglishinen only british ships At last tue r and Brivisu supp!.es had dope thelr work, but thay failed. And now ay of reckoning has come; but Wi title apparent seoso of What 8 due on ihe bart of Pugiand. Without one svotuing word jor = & oTriemily §=Power deeply agurieved, without & sg Tegres for woat W coe « int the ib 6 of Commons, ca “he cruch losses’ mificted upon wa, or for what Mr. Bright catiod “md and comlort to we foulest of } erie What a generous votes fram Oxford Unt ec Nagrant aud jad | ing w queets poses to acbinit aval losses” to 0 | anomaious tet: where ¢hanvo its f shia te atl, No 1g Is Wciailted ¢ tas tion; no rile for the future is ¢ eg, Whil noviing 18 saad Of the Indipnky to tie nahot, nox oF the datnages to We Hation, ON on e it Was OLherWwsae, ‘Lbere is an wahappy | relations wit ( days “individual lorwes’’ were only iu reparation jor # Wrowg i You all Know from history ti | peace, at ) capes, the Hritleh friga | tonal frigate One: broadside, killing eightvecn, some severely, ard then ned of four others #8 Brilisa at in the summer Of 1507. n vet Canntt br.teh Minwter of Poretyn A fomptiy volunesred overtnres tor a Moaauon by dec.aring his Majesty's re take the whole of the circumstances of into consideration and wake repar any dicged lijary to the severe! ot the Uelted P.M. Tuy Bi, to about tree ovlowk Ay Me TUNG She suites, whecever It sould bo ly #howa tua such injury has been actually sustained and that such reparation is reatly due.” Here was a good beginniig. T! was to be reparation for an i- jury te udp sovereiguty. Alter re of painful negotiation the British Minster al Waeh- ington, undor date of November 1, 1811, offered to the United states three proposttions—first, the dis- avowal of the unautiorizea act; secondly, the im- mediate restoration, so far as circumstances would permit, of the men forcibly taken from tie Chesa-~* ‘and thirdly, asuitabie pecuniary provision for the sufferers in Consequence of the attack on the Chesapeake: concluding with these words:— ‘These honorable propositions are male with the sincere desive that they may prove gatlsfactory to the government of the | nited states, aud I trust they will meet with that amica- ble reception which their conciiat@ry nature entitles them to. T need scaraely add how conaily 1 Join with you in the wish: that they may prove iniruvuctory toa removal of all the dif. ferences depending? between “our two couL-ries.~ Papers, Foreign Ailains, vol. LIL, p. 600, Tadduce this historic instance to Llustrate partly the diferent forms of reparation, Here, of course, was reparation to individuals; bat there was also reparation to the nation whose sovereignty had been outraged. There is anotuer lustance, which is not without Suthority, In 18si an armed force from iy ‘prer Canada, crossed the river just above the Falls of Niagara aud an American vessel, the Caroline, while mecored to the shores of the United States. Mr, Webster, im bis negotiation with Lord Ashburton, characterized this act #3 ‘‘of itself a wrong and otlence Lo the sovereignty and dicnity of the United Staves, for which to this day no atone. ment, or even apology, has been made by her Majcs- ty’s ment,” all these words veing strictly pilcable to the present case. Lord Ashburton, reply, after recapitulating some mitigating circum- stances and expressing @ regret “that soine expla- nation and apology for this occurrence was not im- mediately made,” proceeds to say:— Her Majesty's Cs thepeerec earnestly desire that a re- etprocal a et for the independent yiedicton and authori _ States may bo among the fires luties of all governments; and I have to repeat the assurance of that the event of which I am treating taintain with tue Amerioaa people aud goverumenk, (Web- ster’s Works, vol vi, 'p. Jag a Here again was reparation for 9 wrong done to the nation. it what 7 PO nn toate as ae emia eae occa: satisfaction of viduals whose ships have been burned or sunk is only a smal! of what we may justly As in the cases where the mation, which our national er at our unity as pt - " zt earlier biows, and when we consider that it was in aid of slavery, it was blow tees, em ugruaing ug and ruin- wis 1 encourage ie rebel mand 1 prolong. the 1e jon, proiong the war waged by slavemasters at such cost of treasure and blood. it was a terrple mistake, which I can- not doubt that good jlishmen must regret. And now, in the interest ‘Deace, 1i is the duty of both sides to find a remedy, complete, just and concilia- tory, #0 that the deep sense of wrong and the dewi- meat to the republic may be forgotten in that pro- fee satisfaction whica @ nation loving justice cannot. esitate to offer. Individual losses may be estimated with reasona- ble accuracy. Ships burned or sunk with their car- goes may be counted and their value determined; but this leaves without recogniti n tue vaster di to commerce driven from the ocean, and that other damage, immense and infinite, caused by the prolongation of the war, all of which may be called national ia contradistinetion to individual. Our national losses have been traukly couceded by emiment Englishmen. I have already quoted Mr. Coben, who did not hesitate to call them “cruci losses.” Duriug the same debate in which he let drop this testimony, he used other words, which show how justly ue comdrebended the case. “You have been,” said he, “‘carryiag ou war from glese saores with the United States and have been toflicting an amount of damage on that couaury greeter than would be produced by many ordinary wars. it is estimated that the 1033 susuuned by the capture aud burning of Americau vessels has been about fifteen millioa doliars, or nearly three million pounds ster- ling. But this is @ small part of the tajury which luas been inilicted on the American marine, We have rendered the rest of her vast mercantile prop rly useless.” ‘nus, by the testimony of Mr. Covden, were those individual 1 wiich are alone recog- mized vy the pending treaty, ouly ‘a simall part of the injury inflicted.” After confessing his fears with Tegard to “the heaping up of a gigantic material grievance such a8 was then reariny,’’ Le adds, im imemorabie words:— You have already done your worst toward the Amerioan mereantiie marine, What’ with the high rate of insurance, What with these captures, aod what with the aisount o: Gauege x08 have dove to that which is leit, you bave vir- tually made va-ueless that vast property. Why, if you bad gone and helped the confede y bombarding all the ac- Genaivle rt towns of ca. a tow lives might have been lost whe, as it ts, have not been sacrificed, but you could hardly bave done more injury in the way of déstroying | ad than you have doge vy theas few cruisers. (Hear, With that clearness of vision which he possessed im such rare degree, this statesman saw that Eng- Jand vad “virtually made yaiuciess a vast property,” a8 much as if this Power had bombarded “all the accessible seaport towns of America.” So strong and completes this siatement thatany further cita- tow seams superfinous; but 1 cannot forbear ad- ducing a pointed remark In tue sum dovace uy tuat able oman, Mr, William E. Forster, ‘There cor damage by these cruisers than the fact that so completely was the American fag driven from the oceai that the Georgia on her second cruise did not meet a single American vessel in. six weeks, though, she 6aW no less than seventy vesselsin a very lew ie?? ‘This. is most suggestive. So entirely was our com- merce drivea from the ocean that for six weeks not au American vessel was seer. Another ki au elaborate. pampnict, Watl- hiebof Mr. idge, pub- Way in 1364, and entitled American Trade,” forth at leagih the destruchoa of our rates tins. writer thus a we, says certamly demand cui- of tie property captured or the-vessels and their cargoes, aad, may be, a fair compensation in addition for all and any injury ac- cruing to our business interests from the depreda- tions apon our suppl. ‘The remuneration may reach a high tgure im tie iL case, but it would be @ simple act of justice, and migit prevent an in- comparavly greater loss in the future.” Here we have the a3 assessed by an Englisaman, who, wnile coutemplating remuneration ata high ogw izes it AS & siuMpie act OL justice. ‘Such is the candid and explicit testunoay of Eng- lishmen, poiuting the way to the proper ruie of Gaeme. liow Wo authenticate the exieut of na- tonal ioss with reasonable certainty ts not without dimeut 5 but It cannot be doubied that suck a loss It isfoily to question it. The loss may be sven ia various circuimsiances, a8 in the rise of 1u- surance on ali American vessels; the fate o le carrying trade, Which Was one of the great resources of our conatry; the diminution of our tonnage, with ue ding imerease of British tou. falling of in our exporis naports, with due allowance for-our ab ‘estroyed—for the interest of tae sad invested in mat currency and the diversion of war. These are some the clements; and here again we have British testimony. Mfr, W. HE. Forster, in the spesel joted, ammounces th. the already carrying trade of tho United Staves waa transferred to British werohaats,” and Mr. Cobden, with is characteristic mastery is, Shows Lust, ing to an oilcial doc jaid on the table of War- lament, American ing had been transferred to English capttahsts as sollows:—In 155%, 33 vessels, Taos cons; 1850, 49 veasels, 21,675 tons; 1939, 41 vew pele, 1,038'tone; 1951, 100 vem@els 71,619) vouias lai, 13d hag 64,013 Lons, 186d, i CsHOls, tons; adds, “1 aim vold that this operation is ‘going on as ast aa yet,” and. tine ctroute oe he declares to be * vi part of tie question of our relations wih ‘abrorica.” bat this “gravest part” i leit untouched by the peading Toutys one own oficial documents are in harmony with these kngilsh guthorities. Kor msiaace, 1 have bevore me now wwe report of the Seoretary of lie ‘Treasury for 1868, with an appeudtx by Mr. Siuimo on shipbuilding in our counwy. From tis report itappears tiat ia the New Bagiand State, during the year 1964, the most prosperous year of Amerticaa suipoalidiag, 306 Kips aud barks and 174 BOOOROTS were but, With an “gate tougage Of J26,420 tons, while Guftog te last year only 59 ships gud barks add 214 schooners were built, with ab aggee- gute tonnage Of 95,007 toam 1 udl @ ducther bate. ment from }ae same report:— During the ten years from 1862 to 182 the aggregate ton- nage of Ceneriond veswels eatered at sexpor.s oc the United bistes frou lereign counteies wa! sii ite x b om Te r Gave Lonuage of Atserionn vesuels eutecod was W00,077 boum gate tonnaye of forel.n vessels entered was 14,1 1647 tone—-showingioat Ameriead tonne;6 in our foretm om WS (0 sixty-six per cons of foreksh tous ade, Stated in other terma, daring We 2 alaty-goven por cemtor the tocni to fo conmlses Was in amd tie tries waa Int ote bat’, —(Fidance Report (or 1893, It is wot easy to way how m which has become chron may Lriish pirates; pat itcaanos be doubted tia they conirivuted largely WO produce ik Iney began ba jufluences wader Wiuch Uus change has contmucd, Tuove i doother document which beara upod he present question, [reser to vie law lua report of Mr. Morse, our Cousul at Lorton, made durtag the last year aad publisied by the Secretary of State, Aiter a minute inquiry the re- port soows that, On the breaking out of tie Fovottion Im 180i, tie entire toni tid United States, conuting and i wad ote sls tuba, o whi were registered and ew and that, ab the ciose of the rebellion, ta 1966, nding AN MMCreAse I Cowsting toonws, our Teal belng & 108s doting tue four y fous, amounting to about forty pero n commerce, During te sane tour ing increase Im fe British em- pire “here can be no room for qnestie deorniyt.? Here if the precise testrmowy fre ot nis offclal post M4 London watched Cite anprecedeat-d Ju mountain @ mass stupendvus as the rebellion itscif. for @ Wise statesmansiup to deteranine how tais fear- ful accuinwlation, like Pelion upop moved out of sight, so that if slall no longer over- shadow the two countries, Ineeevedoe the evidence of these losses should not excluded irom judgment. Because the case is without ever before received such injury from a friendly when this can be no reason why the case should no! of the common jaw furnishes no impediment; for our damages are the natural consequence of what was doue. But the rule of the Koman law, which ts the rule of ec at ane cor “whatever m: lost or might have been gained) Ee Syn oe Eke nent ee fieable mony sirict Justice, w! le fein Bethe the” lw relating toni w pros beualt seconly, im behalf of the community. Obviously reparation to reede repara- ten to tke community, case is by action at law, ular Bat this is the very case wiih regard to damages sust musies an in poun:— person, natural or corporate, paid sutsebowor punts it; but only the king in his pablie capacity of supreme governor and ie king's eubyecta. (Tombins’ Law Dict, art Nutsanee.) clear. involving the British government, mt spond in damaes, not only to the individdats who have sutfered, but aise to the national piveromenty acting as paterjamidas for tue common good of te people, vt by an analogy caso of & public nalsance, also by tue strict ruie of the Roman law, wich enters 80 | national law relat ng to damages, vidoui oF navional, 13 not | who say this; it 18 the law, total may be seen not only in the losses of indivi duals, bat in those national tosses caused by the de- sunieitol the war—all England— creme seen ocean aa 8 theatre, es i the ‘not rotect their sea rovers, when whou they Bad aun ral War ipa fa doc or oF the provess of construction, and when they had no power to Powe, of prizes, mat ar *.40 OD = one or two ships, with their neutral cargoes, the to pay the war riak on the earzo his ship had c freee 98 wall ‘st on, thes Even ten, for safety, Ms ‘as mater iwayagiven to neviral vessels, and inerican: “aie soaet perely find ont torus as am there were good neutral ships in the freight markets. Under cit cumstances there was no course left for our merchant ship- owners butto take such profitiess business as was occasion- ally offered them, let their ships be idle at thelr moorinis or {a ‘dock, with large expense and deterioration consiantiy going. to geil them when they could do so with- iekan para? At gla Ue Buc c London, dnved January 1, isa OOH — Beyond the ‘actual loss in the national tonnage: there was a further loss in the arrest of our natural increase in chis branch of industry, which an intelligent statistician puts at five per cent annually, yang ie 1966, @ total los@ on this account of 1,384,968 tons, wiich must be added to 1,229,035 tons actually lost. The same stu- Ustician, after estimating the value of a ton at forty dollar, goid, and making aliowance for old and new slips, puts the sum total of national joss on this account at $110,000,000, To these authorities | add ‘Vhat of the Nat’onal Koard of Trade, which, in a re- cent report On Americai shipping, after setting forth the dimmution of our sailing tonnage, says (hat it 1s all to be raced to the war on the ocean, and ie Rmrrie is samen ap in the words, that “while nage of the nation was ra) by the ravages of the rebel cru aoe, sales abroad, there was no construction of new ves- sels going forward to counteract the deciine even in part.” Such is the various testimony, all tending to ‘one conclusion, ‘This 1s what I have to say for the present on national losses through the destraction of merce, These are enough; but there is ano- ther chapter, where they are larger far. course, to the national losses caused by longaiion of the war and traceable directly to Eng- Jan No candid person who studies this eventful period can doubt that the rebellion was origiuall: evcouraged by hope of support from Engiand; that it Was strengthened at once by the concession of bel- Hgerent rights on the ocean; that it was ied to the end by British supplies; that it was quickenea into renewed iife with every report from the British ape flaming anew with every burning ship. Nor can it be doubted that without British interven- tion the rebeilion would have soon succumbed under the weil directed etforts of the national government. Not weeks or months, but years were added in this way to our war, so full of the most cosuly The subsidies which in other times contr x to continental wars were less effective pias oe the and comfort which she contrivuted cannot be sald base of the rebellion was not in America, but in England. Mr. Cobden boldiy said im the House of Commons that England made war from her shores on the United Stites ‘with an amount to that country greater than im many ordinary wars.” According to this testi- mony she conduct of England was war; but it must not be forgotten that this war was carried on at our sole cost. The United States pail fora war wa; by England upon the national unity. The sacri of precious liie is beyond human compensation; but there may be an approximate estimate oi the na- tional losg in money. The rebellion was suppressed at a cost of more (han four thousand million doliars, aconsiderable portion of which has been already paid, leaving tweuty-five buudred millions as @ natioual be to 6burden =the le. If through British intervention the war was doubled io duration, or in bn way extended, as cannot be doubted, then is ingiand justly responsibie for the additional expendiiure to wich our country was doomed; and, whatever may be the final settie- ment of these great accounts, such must be any ci wi consults the simpie equity of the case, Thia plain statement, without one word of exaggeration or ravation, 1s enough to exhipit the mugnitude of the national losses, whether from the destruction of our commerce or the brolongaion. of the war. They stand before us igo, With a base broad asthe pation and 1b will be Ussih, Shall be re- Perhaps I ought to antic; an objection from pate the other side to the effect that these nactoual losses, whether trom the destruction of our cowmerce or the promulgation of the war, are indirect and re- mote, so a8 not to be a just cause of claim, expressed at the common law by the rule that ‘This is “damages must be for the natural and proximate uence ofan act.” (2 Greenleaf, Ev.. p. 210.) To this excuse the aaswer 1s explicit, ‘The dam- sufiered by the United States are .wo- ages fold, individual and national, bemg in each case direct and = proximate; aithough im the one case individuals. suftered and in the other case the nauon. It is easy to sce that there occasions, where, overcopping ages, are by re onthe claith of the nation be be all individual dam- the nation, so that WO individuais Would be luguiicieut; nor sutte In each case the damage must be proved by the best possibie evidence, and this is.ali that law or reason can require. In the case of the nation the evidence 18 historic, and this enough. Impartial record the natioaal losses irom British aua it is only reasunabie L precedent, because no nation on theevidence. Kven the rule , 1 broader than that ac- have been quantum of the common law, in har- to the dit in w ides ee may be two individuals, and individuals does not ‘The and in (3 Black, by the nation. A familar authority iur- additional Ulustration, which ts precisely can bave.an action for a pater famuivas of the is tue way ia Appiying this rule to the nuisaace, ust re present Every British pirate was @ pubil of the common law, in the ‘ly into Inter- leven by tlie rule of the common all losses, whether indt- ‘Ue jast sub) of clam. It i MThe colossat sum Waal mn of Our commerce aud the prolongation of of which may ve traced directly to find ab uno Corpore, et ex uma peudebdat origine vellum, Three times is Unis abliuty xed; frst, oy tho con- cession of ocean beuly shipyards, founderios aa to then ganization of ey. opening vo the rebels Mmanuiactories, and giving fag on the oeean; secoudiy, or- hostile expeditions, whi by ad- taissious in Paruament, were nothing less than piratical war on the United States, with Bogtand aa the navat base; and thirdly, by hosp taiity and supplies extended ve these pirate sitps ia pocts ot the British empire, Stow either of tese and the havtiiiy of kngiand i@ complete, Show the three and this Power is bound by a triple cord. Mr. President, in concluding these remarks, 1 desire to say that i am no voiuntesr, Por severa years | have caretally avoided saying anydting on this most irriawing question, bei wax thas ure & negotiations should be left undisturbed to s eply % sevtioment whieh could be accepted by a does imered nation, The sibmiasion of the pendis treaty to the judgment of the Senate left we no alternative, It became my duty to consider It cue- falty in commttes, ant wo review the whuie suvect If I falied to find what we had a right expect, and, Hf the just claims of our country a unexpected proportions, it Was not be. would bear marti on Kagiand, but because I Wat sincerely bo remove all possibility of strhe our two countries, aud it i evident that tyis ean be 2 only oy first ascertaming tite nature ond extent of difference, in Luis apirit I have spoken today. Hf We case against Engiand is strong, and of our claims are anprecedented in magnitude, Jb is only because the couduet of this Power at a trying period we most tntriendly, and the injartous conse quenees of this condaet Were ow @ scale corvenpomd> lug to the theatre of action, Live and property were borh swallowed up, leaving belinda a deep-seated sense Of ehormots Wrong, as yet unetoned and ever nnacknowledgod, whied Is one Of the ehief factors in the provlem now preseuted to the statesmen of both counteros, The attempt to close this great m- toriational donate without a complete setdement It ide shot of paertie. i. on oe Le Cay ow aud vt erat the ea! 4 with minuter constderstton “een of becomes more grave, ot omy frog @ Ki international reaponsibitey from better compreiension of oe Sang Te the Pel pir roport.ol are et tor sotse Ue. thereatver it Was impossible vn, THO mass OF & MOURLAL CADE LO measured at ita Pp an ery must ooo ys ay ance, anit tins j en nouns ‘to damages wiueh are vast beyond « precedent. ra ‘A few dates will show the progress of the con ‘ veray and how the cdws enlarged. Gory as far back j sama. w ae Gactes hich the Alabama uring W teal ‘on the 80th A a it awakened by Lord Russell, tobe: do these words:— th letter of October 2%, 1863, were 8 ot Aare os Ea ay aaa aust, decile either to mako rep LY five wor apo made by the or to os ‘any lorelgn State, st was our repulse from §) having at least the ‘miyit of frameness, if nothing clue. On Octobe: our Minister 1 m. Asain question Mos uaul August when Mr, Sewyrd presented a list dividual claims -on account of the pirate Alabama. From that time negotiation has con- tinued with ups and downs, untii at last the pending treaty was signed. Had the early overtures of our governriait been promptly been at any tine & of the wrong done, { doubt not that this great question would have ‘been settled; but the rejection of our very moderate Propoal ions and the protracted which afforded an opportunity to review the case ita different have awakened the bored the magnitude of the interests involved. If our do- borg ncieatind than at our ones L riercipan ie only time in history: where such & curred. The story of the Sibyl ls repeated andeng- jand is the Roman Shall these claims Uquidated and cancelled promptly, or allowed to slumber untir called into ac- tivity by some future yt Jhere are many & sense of national ib BOtwie~ among us who, taking counsel of wrong, would leave them to rest w! ment, 8o as to furnish @ precedent for retaliation i kind, should Fngiand dud herself at war. ‘There are many ta England woo, taking counsel hae verse political bigotry, have spurned them a! every and there are otners who, invoking the point of honor, assert that land cannot en- tertain them without compromising her honor, Thus there is peril from both sides It is not difficult to imagine one of our countrymen say- with Jew, villainy you id it shall go hard butt nor 18 it dificult to im- ishman firm in his that no made and noming pad, cannot sym| with either side. Be claims more or leas, they are honestly presented, with the conv! hat they are just, and they should be consi , 80 that they shall no longer lower like ly. to burst upon two nations, which, according to therr inclinations, can do each other such indinite injury or such iniinite good, I know a is sometimes said that war between us mus come sooner or later, I donot believe it. But if it must come, let it be later, and then I am sure it will never come. Meanwhile, good men must untte to make it im- pee. Again Lsay, this debate is not of my seeking. it is not vempting. for it compels criticism of a foreign Power with which I. would have more than peace, more even than concord. But it caunot be avoided. The truth must o¢ told; not in but im sadness, Engiand has done to the Un! ates an injury most difficult to measure. ret 4 when it was done and in what compiicity, it is unaccountable, At a great epoch of history, pot less momentous than that the French revov: tion or that of the Keformation, when civiliza- candi @ cloud p tion was ‘Sghting ‘@ last battle with slavery, Eng- land gave her name, her influence, her material resourees to tie cause, and flung a sword into the scale with slavery, Here was @ por- teulous mistake. Strange that the land of Wilver force. after spending miliions for emancipation, after proclaiming everywhere the traths of liberty, and ascending to glorious primac’ im the sublime movement for the universal abolition of slavery, could do this thing! Like every departure from the rule of justice and good ueighboraood, her was pernicious in proportion to the scaie of opera- tions, atfeciing individuals, corporations, ‘ecommunt- ties and the nation itself. Aud yet down to this day there is no acknowledgment of this wrong—not @ word, Such a generous expression would va the beginning of a just setilement, and the best as- surauce of that harinony between two great and kindred nations which ail must desire. ‘The Discussion im the Senate en the Alnbawa Cinims Treaty. {Washington (April 14) correspondence of the Boston Advertiser, All who heard the speech (oi ir, Summer) are warm In’ praise of its candor, clearuess and tg ogee and several Senators speak of it a6 one of th wisest ever delivered in that body. Brief remarka were made by Senators Fessenden, Warner, Chand- ler, Scott, Davis, baer 4 8 two or turee others, nearly all of whom were quite come limentary to Mr. Sumuer, The few words sald by » Chandler were in the strain common to him when speaking of England, but with this excep- tion. the whole discussion was notavie for an entire absence of hotneadedness and for the calm and digs nified maoner in h the great nm ueated, Senators Thurman, Davis, im, Bay~ ard end Casserly (democrats), were among those wo volod against the ratiication. , NEWS FROM THE SOUTH PAdiic. | The Crew of a Queensland Slaver Repulsed by the Natives of Three Tiils Island=Itee ported Massacro of Eleven Whites at Tanna—Charge Agninst a Captain of & Queensland Slaver. Sypnry, Feh. 14, 1869, ‘The atrocities of the men who are engaged in the infamous Queensiand slave trade are already pros ducing the sad results which were expected. to, spring from them. ‘The schooner Prima Donna has Just returned from” ® cruise in quest of natives, Sho has been come: paratively unsuccesaful, having only secured fifteen, and the cause of her failure plainly. reveals the chae, racter of the business, On the 6th of December, while offthe tsland of Valna, five of the crew went ashore to try and induce the natives to come aboard’ the vessel. This isiand had, however, been pres. viously. visited by a slaver on o similar expedition; anda number of natives kidnapped. Upon the boat. arriving on the beach, therefore, the natives, in- flamed by the, memory, of past wrongs, mus- tered im great force, and, without any warning or defiance, discharged a fight ‘of arrows at the crew, severely wounding three. ‘The man in command of the boat, by means of fia, revolver, kept them from seiziug the boat, and, after, killing or wounding several of the natives, retarnod” to the vessel. The wounded men received no lew than ten arrows, some of whiten ated four om: nently visited five inches, ‘fhe Prima Doana sav: ne phy nko jawor tenets natives unwilling to con! $ fate and to preserve tueir freedom at the ost oF their tives, Arumor has come to hand of a yet more deplora- bie oven but as yet itis oncenfirmed. Ie seems that some time Messrs, Stern, Sunith, , Strickland, Bates and Pritchard, together with white ladies and @ child, settled in Tanna on some land which they had innocently purchased fro Captain Koss Lewin. A report has now arrived thas all of these unfortunate lave been massacred. Until, however, it is fully confirmed, peopie atifally unwilling to give credit to‘8o horriplem: story; but the recent outrages by the Queensian slavete upon the Tena i Ao oY probability to the repoct, Capeaity hows Lewin has been arraigned at Bris< j ona against him by a South Sea Island girl, whouw he had. kidn: but, owing to the 1aok oF positive. evidence Tem Peale we have intonews. ‘The King, n Feejée we have no vei m tt ots a of cae cay ha come tribea; but no news o! In future we shall probably lave moro’ regalac communication, as the Potyn company jy Fon a montily packet line between tie colo~ ni ‘eojee. From Tahiti advices have been received up to the, middle of December. On the iéth of November the Toad from Payecte to Tarava wns open, the Vous mandant, Commissaire and Queen Poware LI. beung. No otlter news of interest. WA. ACTON'S SUCCESSOR IN THE PCLICE BOARD, [From the Albany Bvenme Jonrnet April 1%.) Ag a matter of course there are candidates cnotg® for the position thus vacated, and whist the Loge jawure will Gul by cleeton bejore He adjourn, ment, Among them we have heard mentioned Chaune cey M. Depew, formeriy member of the Le, and jeader of hia party in the Mouse; at rward | Secretary of State. and now Tax Comméstioner, by appointment of Governor Fenton; peee ny pee, working and thorough going by ond serving of contiience and favor at hands of the porty; Judge ©. D. Guiver, vice and demonstrated nis legislator aud in a diplomatic perhaps best kuown as one of apeakers im che sintey Heney. ie io in that capacity well ng ‘oe Stave Soper and Be iy pS esteained 4 party _ tho te; Smith, of New Yo Fee ceetton i more local, but who is thorough) rhaineedd with the Wants and Wisies of the city, aad er, recent appowted Supervisor of In+ Air ener, ror th Soutvern district of torr Stat ‘The oifice us one of suticient honor, influence ‘aud emolument to attract material, and tiere ‘will be no diicuity in making @ proper selection. Mr, Acton is a thorougn-gomg republican, md the al majority Of the Lewislature farniahes an ase surance that, as is Bree he will be succeeded by another of the seve = pe. Annnst oF SMiTH, THE Wien MUROERRH.-AS noon to-day Governor Hodman received a tei from tho antiorities of Rockford, I ate Jeremiah Sonith, wo mardered his Wife ty Uister county last fall, had been ar:ested in that place. reward of $2,000 was offered tor his arrest, An ©! cer Will be went after the prisoacr.— Albany Boening Journil, Apri sw