The New York Herald Newspaper, November 3, 1868, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. xXxxul. c Volume AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. PIKE'S OPERA HOUSE, corner of Eighth avenue and 83d street.—La BELLE HELENE. FRENCH THEATRE, Fourteenth street and Gixth ave- Due.—GENEYIEVE DE BRAB. OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway.—Homery Dumpty, with NEW FEATURES. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway—Tioker oF LEAVE MAN. WALLACK'S THEATRE, Broadway and 18th street.— Tuk Lancasutee Lass. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway—EDWIN FORREST AS Grarracus, OX THE GLADIATOR. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—ArTex Dagk; Gornte iN Livs in Lonpon, MRS. F. B. CONWAY'S PARK THEATRE, Brooklyn. MASSA NIELLO. BRYANTS’ OPERA HOUSE, Tammany Building, 14th Gtreet.—ETHIOPIAN MINGTRELSY, £0., LUCRETIA BORGIA. KELLY & LEON’S MINSTRELS, 720 Broadway.—ETm10- PIAN MINOTRELSY, BURLESQUR.—O“PHEE AUX ETERS. SAN FRANCISCO MINSTRELS, 685 Broadway.—ETHI0- RIAN ENTERTADOMENTS, SINGING, DaNcine, £c. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE 201 Bowery.—Comio ‘Vooa.isy, NEGRO MINSTRRELSY, £0. THEATRE COMIQUE, 514 Broadway.—Ta GREAT OBI- GIXAL LINGARD AND VAUDEVILLE CoMPANY. WOOD'S MUSEUM AND THEATRE, Thirtieth street and soadway-_—ternoss ‘and evening Performance. APOLLO HALL, Twonty-eighth street and Broadway.— Fe Ate y Uueke LONDON Comto. NEW YORE CIRCUS, Fourteenth streot.—EQuESTRIAN AND GYMNASTIO ENTERTAINMENT, UROPEAN CIRCUS, corner Broadway and Sth ee eAT rhiaw AND GTNNASTIO PERPOBMANOES. ALHAMBRA, 616 Broadway.—MUS10AL MOMENTS WITH Mruny Momus. =n HOOLEY'S OPERA HOUSE, MINeTRELS—FEMENINE WIGWAM. HOOLEY’S (E. D.) OPERA HOUSE, Williamsburg.— SooLer's MronsTRELS—Base BALL, &0. WEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— BormNOk AND ABT. TRIPLE SHEET. New York, Tuesday, November 3, 1808. New i eeees x! THA NEWS. Europe. ‘The cable reports are dated November 2. The London Standard announces that the formal issolution of Parliament will take place on the 11th 08, Brooklyo.—HooLey’s st. Ceareal shocks of earthquake have been felt ip the ‘western counties of England and in Wates. Prince Alfred left Plymouth yesterday on board of the steamship Galatea, bound for a voyage round the world, ‘The British government refuses to recognize the flaims of the Hudson Bay Company in the territory ‘between Canaaa and the Pacific coast. The riots in Rotterdam, mentioned in yesterday's HERALD, Were not of a political character, but arose from a quarrel between the people and the police. ‘In the charge made by the military three men were Killed, 100 wounded and sixty arrests have been gmaae. The city is in charge of the military and tranquil. 1 Reductions in the standing army of Spain will @oon be decreed, and serious dissensions have Qroken out in the democratic party at Madrid. A «decree has been issued sanctioning public meetings ‘where the people have pronounced for the provi- ional government. The city of Barcelona wilt de- clare General Espartero King of Spain if the Cortes pronounces for a monarchy. An editorial in the Paris Montteur reminds jour- alists that criticising the government is forbidden. London Stock Exchange, holiday. Paris Bourse firm; rentes 70f. 80c, Frankfort Bourse, five-twen- ties frm at 79%. Liverpool cotton market firm; qiddling uplands 114d. Havre cotton market, low middling afloat 127f. Liverpool, petroleum frm. Antwerp, petroleum quiet. The steamship City of Antwerp, Captain Mire- house, from Liverpool on the 2ist aad Queenstown on the 22d of October, arrtved at this port about two o'clock this morning. Brazil. Our Rio Janetro letter is dated September 26. The munictpal elections throughout the empire were over, and the result has been an overwhelming ma- jority for the conservatives. The gold bond loan of 8,000,000 miireis has been decreed and published. Cuba. Several skirmishes are officially reported to have taken place in the interior, the government proving victorious in all of them. The town of Bicarra was stormed by the troopa, and in a battle near Jiquani tuirveen of the insurgents were killed. Hayti. Saget had been named Provisional President and Domingue President of the South by their respective forces, unknown to each other; and it was still a ‘matter of fearful conjecture what course would be pursued when Domingue and Saget found them- @elves rival candidates. Saget was at St. Marc, which was blockaded; and it is reported that a re- ‘volt had taken place against him. Sandwich Islands, Mr. Harris, the special envoy to Washington on the reciprocity question, has returned to Honolulu; and bis actions have led many to believe that annex- ation with the United States would soon be brought about. Real estate rose rapidly tn consequence, and the King himself is known to be investing heavily. ‘The leprosy was becoming epidemic. The depot for the cases was crowded, and four foreigners had been attacked by the malady. The Plains. ‘The Indians are again becoming troublesome along the line of the Union Pacific Railroad. A train was thrown from the track by them on Saturday and the fireman was killed, The wrecking train on the way to the wreck was obliged to return on account of the appearance of @ large hostile band. The call of Governor Crawford, of Kansas, for volunteers to fight the Indians has caused as much military prep- aration among the people of that State as the first call during the rebellion, Al! the principal towns have their recruiting ofMcers and companies are forming rapidly. But one regiment of cavairy is to be raised, and that to serve only fora term of six months. Four hundred of the men are already in camp. The Election. The Presidential election takes place to-day. Else- where tn our columns will be found important tnfor- ‘mation for the guidance of voters, a list of the of- cers to be elected, the polling places, the duties of inspectors, Instructions to the police, the Mayor's Proclamation and detailed reports of news matters of interest and importance to voters. :periatendent Kennedy yesterday issued an order that all persons arrested for illegal voting snould be taken before a United States Commissioner, and not efore a local court. A meeting of the Police Com- Missioncrs was called immediately upon the tseue of this order, and attempts were made by the demo- cratic members to have it rescinded, but as there were just two members of each party in the Board every vote was a tie and no resolution was passed, A protest against Kennedy's order was then entered by the two democratic members and the Board aa- journed In the Sheriffs office during the day deputy sheriffs were being enrolled for special duty in main- taining the peace. The nnmber thus enrolled in this city 18 reported at 10,000. Mayor Kaibfeish, of Brooklyn, issued a proclama- tion calling upon ail good citizens to aid in preserv- ing the peace, and at his request Sheriff Campbell, of Kings county swore in two thousand deputies. The excitement in New York and Brookiyn was plainly apparent and our despatches indicate that the people thoroughout the country are in a fever of expectation that may culminate ip riots at the slightest disturbance. Miscellancous, President Johnson says there Js no truth in the story (hat Minister Johnson had agreed to @ mixed commission for the settlement of the Alabama Giauus, ‘The oeyvilations, ue says, are in a ia way NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 1868—TRIPLE SHEET. of settlement, but that he would never consent to a proposition 80 antagonistic to the interests of the country as that reported to have been agreed upon by our Minister to England. A decision was rendered in the Boston Circuit Court yesterday in relation to the suit brought by the Merchants’ National Bank to recover $690,000 from the State National Bank on the grounds that the sum had been paid out to one of the defunct firm of Mellen, Ward & Co, by the Merchants’ Bank on checks certified by the cashter of the State Bank. ‘The opinion of the court was that national banks have no authority to certify checks or to empower cashiers to do so, and the jury was thereupon directed to give a verdict for the State Bank. Ex- ceptions were filed and the case will go to the United States Supreme Court. General Grant has not yet resigned, and tt is said that he will continue to hold his office, if elected President, until he is inaugurated, in order that he may nominate Lieutenant General Sherman to the vacancy occasioned by his own promotion. Governor Seymour made his last political address of the campaign at Great Bend, Pa., yesterday, and arrived at hishome near Utica at ten o’clock last evening, where h@ was received with great enthusi asm by his neighbors and friends. The Bank of North Carolina has become bank- rupt, owing, it is sald, to the operations of a New York ring of creditors, who demanded par value for notes of the bank bought since the close of the war, A vigilance committee in Gilmer, Nebraska, hanged five desperadoes on Friday. The lake schooner Scandinavian sunk off Port Ravan, Canada, on Saturday, and the crew and the captain’s wife took refuge in the rigging, whence they were rescued on Sunday in an exhausted condi- tion,» A tin box containing $125,000 in bonds was stolen from the office of Morrison & Hutchinson, 327 Broad- Way, yesterday about twojo’clock P. M., and no clue 1s known to the robbers. The market for beef cattle yesterday exhibited a moderate degree of activity, and prices were general- ly steady. Prime and extra steers were sold at 15c. a 16c., fair to good at 18%c. @ 1470. and toferior to ordinary at 9c. a 1244, The supply on sale was fair. Milch cows were in moderate demand and un- changed in value, extra selling at $100 a $125, prime at $90. $95, fair to good at $75 a $85 and inferior to common at $50 a $70. For veal calves the market was steady at the following quotations:—Extra 12%c. a 18¢., prime 12c. a 12}¢c., common to good 10c. a 113¢c., and inferior 8c. a 9c. Sheep and jambs were in tolerably active demand and a shade higher, owing to the light arrivals. We quote extra sheep 6c. a 6\c., prime 5c, a 5%Xc., common to good 4%c. abc. and inferior 334c. a 4¢c. Lambs were selling at 6Xc. asec, Swine were in fair supply, but with a fair demand previous prices were obtained. We quote fair to prime 7%c. a 8c, and common 7}c. a TKO Prominent Arrivals in the City. Governgr Fenton, of Albany; Colonel Kilborn Knox, of the United States Army; Judge Sullivan, of New Orleans, and Geo. S. Gilbert, of Massachu- setts, are at the Fifth Avenue Hotel, Major W. M. Collins, of the United States Army; Colonel Roberts and Captain Simpson, of the Queen’s Own Rifles, Quebec, and Lieutenant Jas. Watson Prentiss, of the United states Engineers Corps, are ‘at the St. Charles Hotel. Dr. J, T. Taylor, of New York; Captain EB. R. Wil- son, of the United States Coast Survey, and Captain J, Patton, of the United States Army, are at the St, Julien Hotel. Brevet Brigadier General C. G. Sawtelle, of the United States Army, is at the Brevoort House. Major T. Forbes and E. Kunard, of England, are at the Clarendon Hotel. Mons. W. Leving of Paris; R. W. H. Jarvis, of Hart- ford, and George F. Tyler, of Philadelphia, are at the Hoffman House. Captain W. S. Penobito and Major Thomas H. Noolan, of the United States Army, are at the Astor House, The Presidential Election—The Probable Re- sult—The Prospect Under General Grant. This is the great day of our Presidential election. The territorial area of the United States is three million four hundred thousand square miles, including thirty-seven States, the District of Columbia and the Territories of Dacotah, Wyoming, Montana, Washington, Idahoy Utah, New Mexico, Colorado and Arizona, the Indian colonies west of Arkan- sas, and last, though not least, the imperial Territory of Alaska, covering four hundred thousand square miles on the mainland and a chain of islands extending pretty well across the Northern PacificOcean. The Territories and the District of Colambia are excluded from our national elections, and on this oc- casion, under a law of Congress, the unrecon- structed States of Virginia, Mississippi and Texas will also beexcluded. Thus some three millions of the people of the nation, to say nothing of the Indians and the Esquimaux, will be excluded from this day’s election. will be limited to thirty-four States, and some. five millions of voters, more or less, repre- senting about thirty-two millions of people. It The people of each State elect a ticket of Presidential Electors, equal in number to the State’s representation in both houses of Con- gress, and @ majority of these electors elects the President and Vice President, The whole number of Presidential Electors this time will be two hundred and ninety-six, of which one hundred and forty-nine will be ne- cessary for a choice. We think that Grant and Colfax may be set down in advance for the electoral vote of all the Northern States except Connecticut, New York, New Jersey and Oregon, which, with West Virginia, will give them one hun- dred and sixty-nine votes, counting all the rest against them. But they have at least an equal chance for Connecticut and New York and a good show for New Jersey, while in the South they are sure of Tennessee, South Caro- lina and Florida, and may carry North Caro- lina, Alabama and Louisiana. But while Grant and Colfax will thus, in our opinion, obtain a large majority of the electoral vote, they will not have a corresponding majority of the popular vote, Under our electoral system, in fact, eince the time of Monroe, we have had a good share of popular minority Presidents. John Quincy Adams was a minority President, and so were Polk and General Taylor. Pierce got the electoral votes of all the States except four—Vermont and Massachusetts, North, and Kentucky and Tennessee, South—and yet sixty thousand added to the opposition vote of the Union would have made Pierce a minority President. Buchanan by three hundred and seventy-seven thousand was @ minority President, and Lincoln in his first election was nearly @ million short on the popular vote; but then pro-slavery terrorism entirely excluded the Lincoln ticket from all the South- ern States except Delaware and @ county or two in Maryland and Kentucky. In this election we have the new element of the Southern negro vote introduced as a radi- cal balance of power; but it is quite likely, from all we hear, that this very balance of power will give two, three or four of the re- constructed States to Seymour and Blair. Serious apprehensions, however, are enter- tained in those States of violent collisions and bloody scenes at the polls to-day between the Ku Klux Klans and the negroes; but as it generally happens that when both sides antici- . to frighten anybody. pate such things both are cautious in giving the provocation on election day, so we are inclined to think it will turn out in this case, not only in the South, but in this metropolis. We ex- pect, in short, throughout the Union a day of law and order, and that with the returns of Grant's election to-morrow morning a wel- come feeling of relief and security will pre- vail in all sections and among all parties, races and classes, We look forward in the next place to a good administration from General Grant. From his short experience in the War Depart- ment we expect that in the matter of retrench- ment he will save, as President, hundreds of millions to the Treasury, and that before he is two years in office the people will appreciate the advantages of his practical reforms in the lightening of our burdens of taxation and in the steady approximation of greenbacks to the gold standard. We expect, too, that under his conservative policy towards the South the value of Southern lands will so rapidly rise in valug, as to divert a heavy tide of emigration, enterprise and speculation southward, and that before the end of his administration negro suffrage and.the national debt will cease Finally, we expect that the election of General Grant will be the be- ginning of the end of radicalism and the dawn of a new and better dispensation. America in England—The Stump. We have long been familiar in this country with the word “stump.” Itis purely Ameri- can, It has among ourselves a distinctive meaning, and most of us know what that mean- ing is. In Europe it is now and it has long been a word richly suggestive of the special- ties of American political life. America in Europe, rightly or wrongly, has come to mean the United States. In Europe, therefore, but especially in Great Britain, the word “stump” has come to signify a special and distinctive feature of the political life of the United States. Great Britain,used to scout it, but Great Bri- tain at last—thanks to the genius of Disraeli— has been compelled to accept the ‘‘stump” as a necessity, It is no new thing for candidates for Parliamentary honors to itinerate within the limits of their constituencies ; but it is a new thing for first class men to submit to the meanness and drudgery which humbler men could not avoid—the meanness of making speeches to so-called sans culottes and clod- hoppers, To this meanness Mr. Glad- stone has submitted, and this, even according to the English press, is humiliation, a revolution. Mr. Disraeli has carried a Reform bill which gives the people a power they never had before; which com- pels the aristocracy of birth and the aristocracy of intellect to shake hands with the people; which has broken down all the old barrier lines and forced equality; and this Reform bill has placed Great Britain, in spite of Mr. Gladstone or any other genius, in the hands of the people. Great Britain is now virtually a republic, with all a republic’s difficulties. ‘ In connection with this matter it is impossi- ble to overlook the fact that the reforms inau- gurated by Disracli have completely tripped up the liberals. They fing the situation to be at once new and surprising. Not only is all their old shot gone, but they are afraid to try any new shot which comes to hand. Even John Bright, the most liberal of all the liberals, the most radical of all the radicals, begins to be afraid of his ancient friends. Some of them, the most prominent among them, are too lev- elling even for him. He feels himself com- pelled to go in for caution—to becdme to a cer- tain extent conservative, When we remembet that John Bright is almost certain to bea mem- ber of Mr. Gladstone's administration we do not much wonder at this, But Mr. Disraeli is not the man not to see his chances in this complication and to turn those chances to his ownadvantage. The truth is, the liberal ranks are in danger of splitting, and this is the very thing to give Mr, Disraeli his opportu- nity. Mr. Gladstone is certain now to be Pre- mier of Great Britain as soon 8 forms will permit it, It is not less certain, however, that Mr. Disraeli will find in the new Parliament material to work upon seriously inconvenient to the Gladstone, Bright and Russell party, but by no means inconvenient to himself and the more liberal of the tories. Great Britain will then know what we have not unfrequently experienced in this country when parties have eplit and extremes have met. There is but one lesson to be drawn from the situation. The people are in the ascendant and the aristocracy must make the best of it. Aristocratic Eng- land must become, will or nil, like and still more like democratic America. The people must become sovereign. Interesting Foreign Iteme—Latest from Spain. We havea batch of interesting items this morning, received by the cable last night from Europe. From Spain we learn that the city of Barcelona had pronounced in favor of Espartero for King should the Cortes de- cide in favor of @ monarchy. This is the only expression so far received from any considerable body of the Spanish people on this subject. We suspect that if the Cortes were to proclaim a republic on the general plan of the government of the United States it would be hailed with general satisfaction {fom Gibraitar wo the Fyreuces, 224 we dare say that such is the general wish of the Spanish people in their tremendous rebound from the effete despotism of Isabella and the Bourbons and the Church to popular sovereignty. The Cortes, however, in deference to Napoleon, may think it safest to try the experiment of a limited monarchy, but it is probable that there will be no rest in Spain ehort of a republic. Tho idea that Prince Alfred, of England, might possibly turn up as the most acceptable person for King of Spain, and go be crowned with the consent of all concerned, we suppose may be abandoned, inasmuch as the Prince has just set sail in her Majesty’s ship Galatea for a two years’ cruise round the world, by way of the Capo of Good Hope and the Indies, Australia, Japan, Vancouver's Island, &c. But atill, if the Prince should be found indispensable to Spain on her new tack of civil and religious liberty he can be recalled. Meantime this cruise of the Prince around the circle of her Majesty's colonies ix a sagacious stroke of policy touching the affectionate loy- alty of the colonies for the royal family and the imperial government of England, for Prince Alfred is a great favorite among her Majesty's eubjects at home and abroad, The Great Revolutionists—Steam and the Telegraph, Almost simultaneous with Calhoun’s theories of disintegration came the practical applica- tion of those forces which defeated them— telegraphs and railroads. The two ideas of North and South grew side by side. The North, with a keener and more practical in- sight into the future, devoted its entire energy and talent to the race of material progress, and day after day, with iron rail, with tele- graphs, steamboats and modern machinery built up the true fortifications which in this age are a nation’s greatest strength. The the- ories of Calhoun did not even possess the cen- tralized strength of those which shaped the Roman republic, but rather represented the oligarchical system which scarcely adapted itself to the little Grecian peninsula. In its practical application this Southern system made its trial ‘of strength in the form of the worst military despotism which the age has seen, England and France threw their im- mense power into the scales with them, and the thunderbolts of war were hurled against the vast workshop called the Northern States. In vain they beat against its iron bands and its wires, Everywhere railways and steamboats launched their freight of troops in opposition, whilg almost ga the line of battle the tele- graph made the whole Gteat are of a circle, from New Orleans to the Potomac, a vast bat- tle field, where right, left and centre the rebel- lion was simultaneously driven to the wall. Down went the whole fabric, with a crash that rang through Europe, proclaiming that old theories of government were to be abandoned and new ones, based entirely on material pro- gresa, were to take their place. But Europe did not understand the lesson. They had seen vast armies moved, as if by magic, to the en- tire ignoring of the old system of logistics. They had seen our central govern- ment conversing at the same moment with generals who were conducting operations two thousand miles apart. They had seen military bridges thrown in a day across rivers that would have barred the progress of any European army, They had seen a country, larger than the whole of Western Europe, working harmoniously and as if by magic under a single impulse. They saw treasure created beyond all their financial calculations. They saw, in fact, a modern Minerva step into sight, armed with the elements of the age, and wondered what the apparition meant. It was a bitter pill for the reactionists, the monarchists and the old time-servers of Europe to recognize the fact that young America had leaped forward at the head of all the nations. But we could not avoid it. It was by no intended effort of ours, but rather result of the free exchange of ideas through the press, the mouthpiece through which the telegraph speaks to the people, It was the result of the invéntions of Morse and other such exponents of the American mechanical beain. 2. ER Tho telegraph and our team motors saved our nationality. It is these we must bless, and not any particular theories of our goverh- ment, except as they have tended to promote advancement in mechanical directions. But beyond alj these things the benefits they have conferred in making us a compact nationality come foremost. They have actually com- pressed three million of square miles intoa homogeneous people and have presented to the world an indivisible unit. Our govern- mental theories may be wrong—we care not! Monarchists may laugh at the republic—the republic is not our form of government! They may mourn for the days when statesmen sat in our legislative halls—they are every day less and less wanted in America! The press, steam and thé telegraph rile all, shape all, and holdin thelr power the destinies of the people, They have fastened themselves upon the cduntry; ‘gid hold it in on iron net Whose meshes it is impossible for State or combination of States to brea. They Have given usa ter- rible consolidation, and have even taught us consolidation in our language, which, especialiy under the influence of the telegraph, daily becomes more laconic and powerful in its ex- pression, The railways are combining and forming great corporations; & single telegraph company has consolidated different lines until it possesses to-day fifty-six thousand miles of line, not counting double wires, But how does Europe feel the touch of these great evolutionists? Sincd 1856 eleven thrones have gone dowh at their téuch. They have pronounced the words consolidation and liberty and forced America before their eyes as an example of what they are to expect. We have seen at a recent date old and time-honored natiopalities broken up in spite of all effort fo sustain them, and have seen them merged into a new confederation. We have ecen Italy gather up her scattered fragments and rebind them to suit the taste of the age. Austria, retrograde and haughty, has been forced into line; and there, as else- where, nothing can stand the revolutionary force of the two great modern Powers, Ger- man principalities clung to those old theories, which first established the cities and then ex- tended their power to the districts around them, until they could no longer withstand the conaantrating forces F the age, in Europe all this indicates @ pr wan annt woucre. essure onward until they merge into a great German republic on the one hand anda great Latin republic on the other. Even old Spain, lost in the race of nations, again heaves in sight under the impulse of three thousand two hun- dred miles of railway, and through her tele- graphic lines shouts for progress to the surprise of all her neighbors. Nationallties, on their old boundaries, must now be broken up in spite of every effort to sustainthem. Such works as the Mount Cenis tunnel make moun- tains of small moment in State lines. Even Russia, hard at work with telegraph and rail- way, willin time assimilate the ideas of the Chinese Tartar with those of the Cossack of the Don, The race to-day is not for the best theory of government. We are absolutely forced to shape governments at the dictation of the great progress in elements which in the United States make us such a compact and powerful people, We cannot resigt the force of fifty thousand miles of railway and seventy thou- sand miles of telegraph, and in these ereations of our own we have thrown country and gov- ernment beyond the pale of mere theories, beyond the reach of aay revolution which can have sufficient power to destroy our nationality. We awoke at the end of our rebellion and dis- covered that we were bound together by a0 irresistible and relentless force which shapes our destiny beyond our power to avoid it, and marches North, South and West with an iron tread, absorbing State after State into a mighty national union. The Nationalities Question in Europe. On no subject in modern times has there been so much sense and so much nonsense spoken and written as on what, for the sake of distinctness, we may call the nationalities question in Europe. This question, though not exactly new, has been held so prominently before the public mind of the world since 1852 that the presumption is that history will iden- tify it with the name of Napoleon the Third and with the Second French Empire. More than any other it has been the European question for the last sixteen years. What, then, is this question of nationalities ? Briefly, in its popular and governmental ac- ceptation, it amounts to this—that peoples identical in their origin and revealing charac- teristics peculiar to a race should be regarded in the light of a nation and entitled to a na- tion’s privileges. This doctrine in its applica- tion has begotten, not illogically, results the most diverse and apparently contradictory. It has, for example, swept out of existence all the petty kingdoms and duchies of Italy, and, with the single exception of ig ogo of the Pope, it has given the Ii penin- sula to the Italians. It has’ produced similar fruit in Germany. For the first time in many generations Germany, under the lead of Prussia, has become a unit in fact, not in name merely. The unification in Germany has not as yet become so complete as it is in Italy ; but the tendency towards complete unifi- cation is, if possible, more decided in the former than in the latter. These are the most striking examples of the success of this doc- trine. But the principle is at work elsewhere. It is firing the hearts of every Slavic people in the northeast of Europe, and it is now all but universally believed that if Russia is not to receive within her wide embrace tho entire” Slavonic family a new kingdom or empire must spring up on the banks of the Danube. To the south of the Balkan range the principle is equally active. The Christians of that por- tion of the Turkish empire, proud of their Grecian origin and impatient of the domina- tion of a foreign race, long and labor and pray for the reunion of their entire people and the establishment of a State worthy of their num- bers and their ancient renown. The principle is at work fn France and encourages the annexation of Belgium aa well as encroach- ments on the Rhine. It is not powerful, but it is not wholly inactive in Spain and Portugal; and it is ye improbabl that it may reveal ifs strétgth at no Tistant dy by giving unity to the whole peninsula, Jy all those cases the nationality principle has led to the extinctiog of petty governments and to the agglomeration of States. The result has been ypification, and unification, if not forced, must be accepted as a gain to humanity. Unification, however, is not always the fruit of this principle. some quartets it tears asunder with a violence even more fierce than that with which elsewhere it strives to unite. To the government of Queen Victoria it has proved as great an inconvenience as it has been fotind a convenience by Victor Emanuel of Italy and William of Prussia. The Irish people, claim- ing to be of a different race to their neighbors across the channel, insist on their rights asa nationality—which means, of course, the es- tablishment of an Irish kingdom or of an Irish republic. It has worked and it is still working destruction in Austria. It has already rent the empire of the Hapsburgs in twain. Hun- gary, although she calls Francis Joseph King, has practically severed herself from the empire, What Hungary has won Galicia and Bohemia seek to acquire. The result in Austria has en, not unity and autonomy, but dualism; and dualism threatens to become pluralism, which means the dismemberment and destruction of the empire. The fruit of the nationality doc- trine has thus not been ag unmixed good. If it has been the occasion of joy it hag also been the occasion of sorrow. ff it continues to work as actively in the early future as it has done in the immediatie past it will completely transform the map of Europe; but it will still be a question whether the transformation will be a gain to civilization. Inasmuch as na- tionalities are not all equally strong, there will still be weak governments, and time will be requisite to prove whether the weak will be more gently dealt with by the strong ander the new condition of things than they were under the old. Much as this doctrine has accomplished fo Europe, and much as it may yet accomplish, it would not be difficult to show that it rests on no solid foundation, that community of reli- gion and language has more to do with the desire for autonomy than identity of race, and that the nationality doctrine has been and that it 1s likely to remain rather a useful in- strument in tho hands of designing rulers than a source of substantial good to the peoples. It is well that Italians should have Italy. It Is weil wict Germany should be a unit, It is well that Hungary and ire.z/d should be free. But when we look to the exampis 2f the United States, where all nationalities, as aizost all religions, live and thrive together, we ars tempted to ask the question whether there is not, after all, very nearly as much nonsense as sengo in the nationality principle, and whether there is not a better and a nobler way of securing tho pence and prosperity of mankind? In the United States of America Europe sees the only true method of solving her difficulties. Our immense terri- tory, with its undeveloped wealth, is open and free to ail, We know no nationality but one, Our growth and prosperity will by and by force Europe out of her old grooves. Tho struggles of natfonalities can lead to but one result—each successive struggle will leave the strong stronger and the weak more helpless, The weaker States will be merged into the more powerful. Tho number of independent States will stendily diminish until at last that State or government which shall command the largest amount of material force scientifically applied will remain master of the situation, The nationality principle may continue to produce fruit for a time, but it can lead to no permanent good. The steam | engine, the railroad, the telegraph, the print- ing press—these, rather than the unification of nationalities, are the great civilizers of modern times. Railroad and Tiheztrical Excitemente—a Grand New Fiscal Operation. There is a story current that the Erie Rail- road Company has bought Pike’s Opera House, and this has given rise to conjecture whether orno that beautiful west side temple was to become a freight establishment or what other use could possibly be made of it. But we believe the story is not true. The company has not bought the Opera House, thongh there is little doubt that Pike has sold it. The no- tion that the railroad company was the pur- chaser doubtless arose from the connection of the name of Mr. Fisk with the sale. This name is somewhat identified with Erie, so that some persons, perhaps, fancy the two names in- terchangeable. This explains the appearance of the company in the popular story; but what explains the appearance of Fisk ip the fact? What new rumpuss does this irrepres= sible financier wish to make, now that the fine little row that he started in the railroad world has settled down and died away and left quiet along the lines? Does he wish to make an operatic as he then, madea railroad war, and excite the innocent managers as he dig Drew? Apparently this is what must be the result of his new attention to theatrical pro- perty. He was the partner of John Brougham in the purchase of the little Fifth Avenne Opera Wouse, and with the exercise and the success of the speculative faculty in that direction there come new purchases. Now he ventures grander flights; and who is his partner in the new direction in which his ambition seems to grow? Grau, says the echo. Per- haps the echo is right. Grau is a great finag>, cier also, and might imagine no better dup’ than to possess himself of universal power in the matter of opera houses. Not that he needs thus to strike at Lord Bateman’s base; but it is pleasant to hold the fate of the opposition in the hollow of your hand that way and crush if for your humor. This is the pleasure of the strong, and we can conceive that a great man- ager like Grau might be fond of it, and might choose not to depend upon the splendid Gene- vidve and the exquisite voice of Rose Bell, This is a tremendous move on the part of Grau however, quite beyond his lease of the Théitra Francais, We can see a side on which it might frighten a timid man—the side, namely, on which it would look like a mistake ifthe ~ purpose were to oust Bateman. to desire to move Bateman. He ought not Governor Gzary’s REQUISITION ON GOVER- Nor Fenton.—The Governor of Pennsylvania, it appears, has issued a requisition to the Gov~ ernor of New York to deliver up the bodies of New York politicians who have pee jected by the Grand Jury of Philadelphia o! the charge, properly presented to them, of committing election frauds in that city at the October election, Against this kind of extra- dition we have no protest to make. If the Governor of Pennsylvania were to call for a good many more of the class of politicians in- cluded in the indictment found by the Phila. delphia Grand Jury we could gladly cay them, and, in fact, we might rejoice to let them suffer the penalties which the laws of Pennsyl- vania prescribe for the alleged offence, strin- gent as they are; for we believe that the pun- ishment involves imprisonment in the Peniten- tiary. If the parties indicted are innocent there is justice to be found, of course, in the Pennsylvania courts; but, whether guilty or innocent, we can readily spare the suspected politicians from our community and a good many more of the same sort. A Fowxy Newsrarer Fravp.—A copper- head paper published west of the Alleghanies, in the city of Pittsburg, the strongest radical portion of Pennsylvania, has reproduced an article from a copperhead paper in New York which it accredits to the New York HERatv, all about the “youthful, indomitable demo- cracy,” and so forth, and a good deal more stupid nonsense in the same vein. It is not necessary to say that the article quoted never appeared in our columns, but it may possibly have been read with great unction by the few people who receive their political faith from the lucubrations of the copperhead journal in which the article appeared. It is very funny to see partisan newspapers com- mitting such petty frauds as these; but their excuse may be best found in the desperation to which their cause has been reduced on the eve of the election. ‘Tho chamber of the Board of Supervisors ts ono of the most elaborately finished and certainly one of the most costly apartments used by any legislative body in this country. The poor taxpayers, who sup- port this magnificence, never see this room, as the Board meets only whon the ring wills it and the peo- Pile do not know of it, The oMce in which the taxpayers “pony out'? their “stamps” ts one of the closet, darkest, damp- est, filthiest, most cramped, crowded, illy ventilated and generally disgraceful holes that could poasibly be selected and dignified with the title of an office. This office the poor taxpayers are obliged to see, at rs {mn taxpaying season, or be muicted accord- ly. The politicians are on @ new tack—creating say- ings banks! Saving money for the poor working- man! There is one of these establishments assigned to the upper end of the Island, another to the east side and another down town. The two latter are to be run by the members of the Bodrd of Supervisors, while the paid officers of the banks receive pay from the county as clerks to the Board of Supervisof®: What new scheme is bidden in this latest wrinkle of the immaculate “Supers!” According to the progratiime announced by the judges there will be no opportunity afforded to-day to those who may be unlucky enough to be arrested for fraudulent voting to avall themselves of the great privilege of habeas corpus (vulgate, “have his carcass,”) inagituted by King John in his great charter, All the courts have adjourned until to- morrow, and it is not likely that any of the members of the judiciary will sit at their residences for the purpose of allowing these writs. In view of these facts, would it not be weil to ‘vote early,” but not too “often.’ Ten thousand deputy aherif in New York city and two thousand in Brooklyn will preserve (’) the public peace to-day. An average of more than one omMcer to every hundred in habitants, men, women and children, without taking into consideration the Metropolitan Police force. The police have the reputation of being under the control of a republican commission, and as New York is strongly demo. cratic, it 1s fair to presume that nearly ali the “deputies will be democrats, under the command of a democratic sheriff. If a collision does not ensue between the police and the deputies, after the examé ple of the late Philadelphia election, there will be. Gause for congratulation.