The New York Herald Newspaper, October 4, 1868, Page 6

NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT. PROPRIETOR. Se RELIGIOUS SERVICES TO-DAY. ANTHO! /EMORIAL CHURCH.—Morniag—Rav. Tos. a~ Maaens. one Rs. 8. H, TxNe. BROOKES’ ASSEMBLY ROOMS.—Lav Preacaina. Afternoon. CHURCH OF THE RESURRECTION.—Rav. Dm FLAGG. Morning and afternoon. a EVERETT ROOMS.—SPIRiTUALIsts, MRs. ALLYN. ‘Morning and evening. EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH OF THR HOLY TRINITY.—Morning—KEY. Da. Krorer. Evening—Kev. R. ADELBERG. FREE CHURCH OF THE HOLY LIGHT.—Morning— Rey. E. Bensaurn, Evening—Rry. N. E. Cornwaut. FORTY-SECOND STREET PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.— Rev. Dn. W. A. Scorr. Morning and evening. LAIGHT STREET BAPTIST CHURCH.—Rev. Mz. Hup- Bawp. Morning and evening. PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHUROH OF THE RE- FORMATION.—Morning and evening. ST. ANN'S FREE CHURCH-—Rev, Sytvanos REEp. Morning and evening. TRINITY BAPTIST CHURCH.—Rev. De. Houue. Morning ‘and evening. SEVENTEENTH STREET M. E. CHUROH.—Rev. W. my P. Comgtt. Morning and evening, UNIVERSITY —Washington square.—Bismor Snow. Af- ternoon, rma WESTMINSTER PRESYYTERIAN CHURCH.—Rav. H. Duvonee. Morning and Afternoon. WELSH BAPTIST CHURCH.—Kxv. Morris WILLIAME. Afternoon and Evening, TRIPLE SHEET. New York, Sunday, October 4, 1868. THE NEWS. EUROPE. The news report by the Atlantic cable is dated yes- terday evening, October 3, Madrid remained tranquil. General Prim is ad- verse toa republicin Spain. The provisional gov- ernment takes care for legal rule in the provinces, The Queen's portrait w. s torn from a municipal hall and burned. The Unived States squadron was off the coast of Spain, Mr. Disraeli warns his constituents against na- tional evils to come from the Gladstone Church bill, Holland and France have signed, it is said, a mili- tary and commercial treaty. Count Walewski was buried near Paris. Consols, 943, money. Five-twenties, 74 in Lon- don and 76%; a 763% in Frankfort. Paris Bourse dull. Cotton buoyant in Liverpool, with middling up- Jands at 10%{d. Breadstuffs and provisions without material change. By mail from Europe we have English, French and Spanish reports in detail of the origin and progress of the Spanish revolution to the 234 ultimo, with British and Frenct newspdper comments on the movement and its tendency. ‘The London Standard (Disraeli’s organ) had a se- vere article in deprecation of the objects of the Bur- Jingame China mission, which had just reached ‘London. MISCELLANEOUS. Our Yokohama, Japan, letter is dated August 26- The new Mikado in the North is Oceno Mia Sama. It was thought if the Southerners held out thata division of the empire under two Mikados would be made the basis of a compromise. The persecu- tion of foreigners was renewed, and a reward was offered for the apprehension of any one professing Christianity. Don José de Quereto, the new Spanish Minister, had arrived, with instructions to make a commercial treaty between Spain and Japan. Our letter from Shanghae, China, is dated August 14, and from Hong Kong August 16. The Chefoo gold mines were yielding handsomely, and large numbers of foreigners were going to them, notwith- standing the fact that the authorities had forbidden it, and the foreign Consuls had warned thetr respec- tive subjects against it. On account of the extensive system of smuggling in opiam that has been going on the authorities have established several new custom houses. The Italian ship Theresa had reached Macao roads, twelve of the crew having been murdered by coolies aboard, who stripped the ship of everything at Tinpack. Part of the wreck of a large American vessel had been found outside the harbor of Keelung, Formosa. A severe rain storm is prevailing in the extreme Southern States, At New Orleans Lake Pontchar- train was backing water up the canals, which had overfowed and inundated the whole plateau be- tween the lake and the city. Tne houses in the rear of the city were being deserted by the inhabitants, as the water was still rising. A severe gale had been blowing tor some days. The New York steamers ‘were due and fears for their safety were entertained. ‘The steamships Yazoo, of the Merchants’, and the Mariposa, of the Cromwell line, sailed for New Orleans from this city on Saturday last, but they ‘wore barely due there at the date of the New Orleans despatch. Three steamers from Galveston, Texas, however, were overdue. The Alabama Legislature are discussing the proba- Dilities of having the registration of the State com- plete in time for’ the election. A democratic mem- ber was compelled to give up his seat to a republi- can under peculiar circumstances recently. The county which the repablican haijed from had been abolished and he claimed his seat f.om another county, of which the democrat happened to be the Tepresentative. Reports from Arkansas state that the Ku Kiux aa- faulted a member of the Legislature and the presi- Gent of the Board of Registration in Woodford county on Friday, but they were not dangerousiy injured, The registrars in Brady county have re- fused to continue registering in that county. It is said the mail route ia the State have been discon- funued to prevent the circulation of domocratic papers. The Indians in Arizona are reported becoming more bold in their depredations on accountof the ‘withdrawal of ihe troops whose terms are expiring. Governor McCormick has issued a proclamation calling out a company of militia, Solicitor Binckley has been summoned to appear before the Congressional Committee on Retrench- ment and disciose what he knows of the alleged rev- enue frauds in high places. It is stated, however that by the advice of the Attorney General Mr. Binckley has determined not to submit the documen- tary evidence in his possession to the scrutiny of the committee and not to state much of importance ver rl wis THE CITY. ‘The General Convention of the Protestant Episco- pal Church of the United States will assemble in ‘Trinity Church on Wednesday. ‘The Quarantine Commissioners acknowledging that famigation is almost useless, still claim that itis a sanitary measure which must be taken on ships that have been infected, and that the charges for per- forming the process are necessarily high on account ‘of the personal risk of those engaged in its perform. ance. The Health OMicer, therefore, receives $25 for famigating a vessel, but it appears that the men ‘who actually performs the fumigation and who lone run any risk receive $2 aday. With the per- quisited attached in this manner to the office it Is estimatek that the Health OfMicer enjoys an income of Bt least $75,000. * Wollector Smythe’s interview with President John- bon was in relation to the reduction of the force in the New York Custom House. ‘The trial of Sergeant Doran for complicity tn the murder of Miss Hicks, at Throgg’s Neck, in West- chester foounty, was concluded yesterday by the aoquitial of the prisoner. Considerable in- terest had been excited in the case and the pnthusiasm in court on the rendering of the verdict ras intense. Doran’s wife was present and fainted. Private Martin, on the same charge, wes toleased, The @ General (or Ecumenical) Council for the 8th of December, 1869, was made public some fairly entitled to the name Ecumenical, If any of the habitable earth lay beyond the confines ofthe empire, it was at least certain that Christendom lay within the confines of the empire. Church’s history General Councils were within the region of the possible; and it is only fuir to admit that the first seven Councils, beginning with the first of Nice and ending with the second of Nice, were fairly representative of the Christian Church, although an Ecumenical Council is a convenient fiction which usage only has made tolerable. since the second Council of Nice, which sat in 787, the Greek or Eastern Church has never been represented in the decisions of any General Council. The Council which met at Constantinople in 869 and which failed to heal ered of any authority by any section of NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, nolle prosequi having been entered, and it is prob- abie that at the new trial of Canty and Burke, who are under sentence of deata on the same charge, will result in thelr acquittal. The inquest in the case of James Hamilton, who ts supposed to have died of poison administered acci- dentally in a dose of Epsom salts by,a druggist's boy, Was commenced yesterday. Dr. Hogan tes tiled to the seaidits of an autopsy on tho body Of deceased, which disclosed the presence of poison Snfticient to kill him. Mrs. Hamilton, the wife of the deceased, testified that there never was any poison in her house; that the girl prepared the dose im the usual way, and that Mr. Hamilton himself Pointed ont the medicine to her. The servant testi- fled that she got the medicines from @ small boy in Rogers’ drug store in Spring street. Another lottery swindle, under the designation of the Soldiers’ Orphans’ Institute Scheme, has been unearthed. The projectors are Messrs. Read & Co., No, 6 Clinton Hall, Astor place, and their mode of operation is the same old one of presenting valuable gifts to subscribers on the receipt by mail of a small percentage of their original cost. In the United States Commissioners’ Court yeater- day, before Commissioner Osborn, the case of the United States against John Farrell, charged with carrying on a lottery and policy business at No. 79 Mercer street, was resumed. The defendant, for the first time, was in court, and was iden- tfled as the party charged in the affidavit. After the testimony on another point—that no application had been made for a policy license to carry on busi- ness on the premises disputéd—the defendant was held for trial. The case of the United States vs. John and Peter McIntyre, charged with the evasion of the payment of the special tax as lottery dealers was dismissed, the government producing no wit- nesses in the case. There was but little animation in commercial cir- cles yesterday, the markets, with but few exceptions, being extremely dull. Coffee was dull and un- changed. Cotton was in active demand from spin- ners and speculators, closing firm at 27c. for mid- dling uplands. On ’Change flour, though quict, was More steady. Wheat was irregular, spring being in moderate demand and a shade firmer, and winter dull and heavy, Coru was moderately active and steady, closing heavy, however. Oats were quite freely sought after, but prices were lower. Pork, though quiet, was 123¢¢. @ 25c. per bbl. higher, while beef was heavy and lard quiet but steady. Naval stores were dull but steady. Petroleum was more active, closing at 16c. a 16%c. for crude and 30}4¢, @ Sic. for refined, Whiskey was dull aud nom- inal. Freights were quiet but firm. Prominent Arrivals. Captain J. Davis, of San Francisco; E. F. Wood- ruff, of Mobile; Ben Field, of Albion, and Dr. J. T. Herd, of Boston, are at the Fifth Avenue Hotel. General N. Taylor, of New Orleans, and Captain Remy, of the Royal Navy, afe at the Clarendon Hotel. Captain Charles Riley, of England, 13 at the Bre- voort House. Governor Bowie, of Maryland; General Fry, of the United States Army; Colonel Joseph E. Murrell, of Mobile; General Anderson, of Richmond, Va., and Thomas Allen Clark, of New Orleans, are at the New York Hotel. General Burbridge, of Kentucky, and E. A. Pollard, of Richmond, Va., are at the Maltby House. Approaching Ecumenical Council Rome. When the bull of Pius the Ninth convoking months ago it was felt by all that a great novelty was in store for those who should have the good fortune to see the closing days of 1869. For more than three hundred years Ecumenical Councils have been things of the past, known only to the student of history and forming no part of the living, actual present. While, however, it was the general opinion that an Ecumenical Council would be a start- ling and magnificent novelty it was doubted by many both within and without the Catholic Church whether an Ecumenical Council in the proper sense of the phrase was a possibility. Time was when a General Council, con- vened by a Roman emperor, who was vir- tually the ruler of the then Roman world, was For the first ten centuries of the It is undeniable that existing divisions is not consid- the Eastern Church; and in the nine General Councils which followed, bogin- ning with the first Lateran and ending with that of Trent, the Eastern Church has taken no part. The great religious revolution of the sixteenth century which severed Western Christendom in two seems to have put an end to the idea of General Councils ; for since the Council of Trent, which was convened to heal the disorders of the Church and which misera- bly failed of its purpose, no Council of the kind has been attempted. No Council could be generalin the proper ecclesiastical sense of the term which ignored the existence or which did not include the representatives either of the Churches of the East or the Churches of the Reformation. A General (or to recognize the term, Ecu- menical) Council has thus for three hundred years and for the very best of, reasons been deemed an impossibility. It was reserved for he present occupant of the Holy Chair to grapple with this difficulty. All the difficulties were felt by the religions public when the bull convoking the Council of 1869 was first published. How, it was asked, can a Council be general which is representative only of a section of the Christian Church? It was rumored at the time, although authoritative information on the point was desiderated, that this difficulty had not been wholly overlooked. It now appears from a telegram received within the last two days from Rome that, so far as in- vitation goes, nothing will be left undone to make the Council of Rome of 1869 general in the full meaning of the word. According to this telegram an apostolic letter has been ad- dressed by the Holy Father ‘to all non-Catholic religious bodies, announcing the forthcoming Ecumenical Council and urging them to seize the occasion thus offered them of rejoining the Church.” This is unquestionably the right thing to do. Nothing could be more wise; nothing could be more politic. It is as gene- rous as it is politic and wise. Woe may now take it tor granted that cir- culars have been addressed to the Patri- archs of Constantinople, of Alexandria, of Antioch, of Athens, of Moscow; to the Armenian Church, to the Church in Georgia, to the Maronites of Mount Lebanon, to the Neatorians, to the Churches of Roumania and Servia, to the whole Eastern Church, in fact, whatever be its name; to the Calvinists of France and Switzerland, to the Luthoron 1 Churches of North (many and Scandinavia, to the Reformed Churches in Holland, to the chiefs of the Anglican Establishment and to the Dissenting bodies in England, to the Gene- ral Assemblies and Synods of Scotland, to the Synod of Ulster and the moribund Establish- ment in Ireland, and to the thousand and one sections of the Church in the United States and over the Continent of America, not to particu- larize the Churches of Australia or the Chris- tian bodies which are to be found in almost every island of the sea. To all sections of the so-called Christian Church, if we correctly in- terpret the telegram, apostolic circulars. were or are to be sent, This is true Catholicity, and there is no one who is not inourably schismatic in taste and tendency but will wish the experiment the most complete success. It is not to be denied that the body of Christ, to use an ecclesiastical expression, is sadly divided. What with the Catholic Church and the Eastern Church and the Protestant Church and the countless divisions and subdivisions of the two latter there ought to be no lack of Christian freedom, if freedom, as some believe, is best secured by division. We are not pre- pared to say that no good has come from those divisions and subdivisions of the Chureh of Christ. It is perhaps quite true that mankind are better and nobler and wiser because of the revolutions of which names and sects and parties are the living present memorials. Many, we know, think it is so, and they have a perfect right to hold to their opinions. There are many, however, who think that we have had quite enough of division ; that if jsomething good has come out of schism, schism has been too long a dominant characteristic of Christianity, and that while the spirit of the religion of Jesus demands anity as emphatically as ever the actual wants of the Church have now rendered unity a necessity. If liberty has come from revolution and division there are few who will refuse to admit that strength would be certain to result from union; nor can any one deny that at the present moment strength is more a necessity than freedom. Not only is there a want of unity among the so-called Churches of Christ; there is positive antagonism. The forces of Christianity are not only not mutually helpful; they are mutually destructive. It is a kingdom divided, and divided against itself. Thus looking at the situation—considering, besides, the peculiar condition of the world at the present moment; considering the work which must be done and the problems which must be solved if Christianity is to retain its hold on the intellects and hearts of men and keep pace with the rapid movements of the age, and believing that a General Council, fairly representative of the Christianity of the world, if it could only be got together, would be powerful for good and in itself one of the greatest triumphs the Gospel ever won— we cannot refuse to credit the Holy Father with a pious intention, with a noble purpose and with great bravery of character, and to express the wish that Christendom, forgetful of party distinctions, will heartily respond to his generous call. Such a council would be ample compensation for all the sorrows of his long and checkered reign. Some persons, however, are wicked enough to doubt the genuineness of the invitation, while others, equally perverse, persist in maintaining that an Ecumenical Council is an impossibility. We shall see. The Revolution in Spain—Progress of the Age. Spain is choosing delegates to a constituent assembly, and in the meantime discusses re- public and monarchy with sufficient self-pos- session, Isabella being a fugitive across the border and formally declared deposed by a body acting in the name of the people. Here is a great contrast with the position which the same country held inthe eyes of the world less than a month ago. Then Spain seemed the most submissive victim of absolute tyranny that men could name. She appeared to re- joice almost in the oppressions heaped -upon her. She was characterized by nearly all travellers and thinkers as the nation that was most behind in the intellectual movement of the age; and her failure to resist oppression was attributed, not to want of spirit, but to the absence of the idea of freedom and the conse- quent want of perception of any possible im- provement of her condition. But now ata stride she comes full up to the front and ac- complishes that highest function of the best organized republics—peaceful revolution— complete change of government without viola- tion of public order. This is a fact hitherto without parallel, be- cause it is the first manitestation in Europe on such a scale of the result of influences proper to this age. It indicates that a whole nation think ss one man on a given topic—a result of instantaneous and constant intercommuni- cation through the telegraph, the rail- road, the steamboat and the press. In other days revolutions had a different history. An ancient throne was not cast down or a dynasty rooted out without terrific tumult, of all of which the French revolution was the most definite type and example. Nations then were in the hands of the few ; the many could not reason, and those that did reason could not come into general communication and frame a common understanding. All were at the mercy of leaders swayed by personal am- bition. Fora time Mirabeau held all in his hand. He was the first of the two Italians who were great in that uproar. He would have directed France as grandly in the sphere of constitutional government as the other Italian directed her in her astonishing military career. But he died, and that grand opportunity was lost. France then was dragged through hor- ror by failure of the means to exercise re- straint, The lunatic Robespierre did all. Men assented because everybody thought it was everybody else's will, though. each shuddered fin secret. When this shudder was made pub- lic—when it occurred to somebody to question if Robespierre’s will was the will of France— Robespierre’s party was found to number eleven men. Such events are no longer possible; for every man is in possession of the general sum of knowledge, knows all the conspicuous facts OCTOBER’ 4, 1868.—TRLLE SHEET. of daily occurrence, and understands more or less exactly the sentiments of his fellows in regard to public welfare. This is the achieve- ment of-the inventions of the present age, the great common organg of our civilization—the press and its aadooin’, 5 it3, telegraphic and steam communication. Here is a glimpse of the future. If these agents in their infancy can enable Spain to accomplish in peace and in ten days that which France only accom- plished after twenty-five yoars of war, what future wonderful changes may they not shape in the career of nations? Musie and the Drama in Now York. The bird's eye view which we took on Thure- day of the fall amusements in New York revealed the surprising extent and variety of the musical and dramatic attractions of the season. No theatrical season in this metropo- lis has ever opened with more brilliant promises, Never before have preparations to secure the realization of such promises been made on @ greater scale. What used to be called ‘the show business” has developed into one of our principal industries, and alike in the vast sums invested in it and in the correspond- ing profits returned by it; in the enterprise, skill and energy displayed by its managers, and in its quickening influences, direct and indirect, dpon other industries, it has now attained a conspicuous place among the wealth producing and wealth distributing activities of New York. Ever since the Associated Managers abandoned their futile attempt to manage the press and confined themselves to managing their own business they have suc- ceeded in making it more and more profitable. They have also evinced a commendable dispo- sition to meet the demands of an improving public taste. The spectacular vanities and indecent nudities of the ‘‘Black Crook” and “White Fawn” dramas have been forsaken, and we have been ushered into a transitional period in the history of the American stage. Through this period, which the pomp and cir- cumstance of ‘‘the war of the Bouffers” will shave rendered exciting and memorable, we may pass, cheered by the merry music of Offenbach, to another period in which, it is to be hoped, the highest forms of the legitimate drama may again flourish, and even the Italian Opera may revive. Meanwhile the most ample provisions have been made for the gratification of the tastes that at present rule the public mind. Grau, the Disraeli of managers, will exhibit his consummate strategy, and Stonewall Bateman his indomitable pluck in the approaching cam- paign of opéra boujfe. This campaign will begin to-morrow evening with the event of the week—the inauguration of the renovated French theatre. Every seat has been engaged, and as full dress is de rigueur the spectators themselves will form an imposing part of the spectacle which they come to see. In the splendor of the costumes, the scenery and the new arrangements and decorations of the theatre, the aim has been to give an appro- priate setting for the talents of the artists and the brilliant works of the author. It is manifest that opéru bouffe is admirably suited to that fondness for the burlesque which is peculiarly characteristic of the American mind. All our wits and humorists, from the college president who wrote “Georgia Scenes” to the college professors who wrote, one ‘The One-Horse Shay” and another “The Biglow Papers,” and including our Diedrich Knickerbockers, Jack Downings, Artemus Wards, Mark Twains and the rest, have been characterized by the same proclivity to the burlesque. That the public fully share it is shown by the swift and im- mense popularity of the opéra bouffe. With such admirable interpreters as those that figure prominently in both the rival companies at Pike’s Opera House and at the French theatre opéra bouffe will strengthen the hold which it already has on the public fancy. By the bye, Brooklynites as wellas New Yorkers will have as much opéra bouffe as they want; for Bateman promises them one soirée and one matinée each week throughout the season. The three minstrel companies which are now in full blast in New York may well count on the success that will accompany even their echoes of. the drolleries of opéra bouffe, although to burlesque burlesque seems to be almost running the thing to the ground. Offenbach’s sprightly music has unquestion- ably a considerable share in winning the popu- lar favor accorded to opéra bouffe; for Amer- jeans are fast becoming decidedly fond of music as well as of the recreation which they can enjoy at the French theatre or at Pike's after a day of labor and money making. We cannot expect, indeed, to have Italian Opera this winter (unless Manager De Pol, of Terpsi- chorean memory, should realize his latest dream); but the Academy of Music will be en- livened by a series of concerts by Miss Kellogg, assisted by Mme. La Grange, Lotti (not Lotta), Susini and Peletti, a new tenor, under the management of Max Strakosch. In this con- nection the suggestion naturally arises that as Mr. Grau, with his usual sagacity, foresecing that the public might at length be satiated with too much of even a good thing, has em- braced in his repertory several opéra comiques of a far higher order than opéra bouffes, it would prove a great acquisition if Miss Kellogg, with the prestige of her London successes, should be induced to appear in comic opera. Ole Bull will soon revisit New York with his violin, Theodore Thomas will retire from the Central Park Garden to winter quarters in town. Mason, Mills, Pegse and Harry San- derson, will give us plenty of the best piano music. Steinway Hall and Chickering Hall, and numerous other concert halls will attest the musical tastes of our community. As a theatre going community our people will be fully gratified during the approaching season. After two nights’ orgies at Niblo's the “Black Crook” drama will float away in “Undine.” Oakey Hall's side-splitting “Humpty Dumpty,” however, bids fair to be with us always. Everybody is rushing to see the golden-haired beauties at Wood's Museum, and Allen has had to yield precedence to Ixion, the wickedest man in mytho- logy. There is ‘No Thoroughfare” in- side or outside of ‘“‘the Broadway.” Forrest will shortly appear five nights in the week at Niblo's, where also Matilda Heron will appear in “Camille” every Saturday night during the same engagement. Another Ca- mille will enter the field in the person of Miss Agnes Ethel, a young and promising débutanta, ou the 10th inst,, at the elegant private theatre formerly belonging to Mr. Jerome and now to the Loyal League Club. Private theatricals are likely to become more fashionable than ever and to develop latent dramatic talent. te also will clam their ghare of atten- tion, a%a justifiably, in the excaptonal oases of such gifted and accomplished readers as Mrs. Scott Siddons and Miss Nina Foster. Miss Bateman will probably appear at Pike's Opera House towards the close of the season. Hen- dricks and Janauschek are to thrill all American Teutondom with their great tragic power. Booth’s theatre and Brougham’s are advancing towards completion as rapidly as the ‘“‘blarsted rocks” will let them. At Wallack’s ‘‘the sen- sational” and “‘the sterling old” continue to alternate. Last, but for the little people and many children of a larger growth by no means least, “‘the circus is coming” on the 6th of Oc- tober. It is high tide with music and the drama in New York. Mr. Grau will take the tide at its full to-morrow night. He will be encouraged by the same assemblage of beauty, fashion and distinction which will meet again at the Jerome Park race course. What with the races, the concerts and the theatres, New Yorkers will in due time become as volatile, as pleasure loving and, perhaps, as critical as Parisians. New York will be the Paris of America. “The Nerth Polo. The North Pole is in danger.. There is no telling how long that ancient institution will hold out against its numerous assailants. They come from every quarter, like Grant's armies advancing on the heart of the late confede- racy; and now the curtain seems likely to be lifted and the mystery of ages revealed. The ancients looked towards the North Pole with awe, as the abode of dread and evil influences ; but we moderns, less given to supernatural reveries, look that way td speculate. Some who pretend to wisdom and are not yet con- vinced, with Solomon, that ‘all is vanity,” are determined to prove that the North Pole is in the middle of a vast Continent; others are equally convinced that it is in the middle of a great frozen sea ; while still others again main- tain that it is in the centre of a sea that is al- ways open and never was frozen, and never will or can be, because of the currents of the ocean, which bring the warm waters from the tropics, and the winds which, blowing over a watery area of more than two thousand miles diame- ter, keep the surface of the sea always in motion, thus rendering it as impossible to be frozen as the great Atlantic itself. Foremost among these latter reasoners is our countty- mah Dr. Hayes, and Dr. Kane before bim held the same view. Who is right and who wrong seems now likely to be proven one way or another, The French, under Lambert, propose, to settle the business by way of Behring Strait; General Kane (brother of the celebrated Doctor) thinks _ Alaska dirt cheap at seven millions, merely as a base from which to operate against the North .Pole; the English are ventilating the subject continually before their Geo- graphical Society, and could they have decided which were the better way to go about it they would have gone about it long ago. Russia is not yet astir in the mat- ter; but somebody proposes a joint expedition by that country, America, England and France. The Germans have already an expe- dition to the east of Greenland, making its way north, on the hypothesis of Dr. Peter- mann, the Gotha geographer, that Greenland extends clear acrogs the Arctic Ocean, stretch- ing through fifty degrees, or three thousand nautical miles, of latitude. A preliminary voyage, to be renewed next season, has just been completed, after reaching latitude eighty degrees thirty minutes, according to last ac- counts. The Swedes have another expedition operating from Spitzbergen, and have reached latitude eighty degrees. Although he has nothing to do directly with the North Pole Captain Hall is now at the foot of Hudson's Bay gathering together the last links of ‘the melancholy history of Sir John Franklin, the greatest North Pole voyager of them all; and now, lastly, Dr. Hayes calls our attention once more to his favorite scheme of storming the North Pole by way of Smith Sound. This latter is the American route. It was first opened by Dr. Kane in 1854. Dr. Hayes was with him on that memorable voyage, saw the advantages of the route and followed upon his old commander's tracks in 1860 with a little insignificant fore-and-aft schooner. Returning home in the early period of the war, the im- portant results of his expedition were swal- lowed up in the Bull Run and Ball’s Bluff sorrows, and the whole subject was lost sight of and forgotten when the explorer himself be- gan immediately, as a United States surgeon, to busy himself with constructing and manag- ing the largest hospitals for sick and wounded soldiers that were ever heard of. The expedition of Dr. Hayes aimed to reach the North Pole; but in this it was not success- ful, although the Doctor did himself reach the open Polar Sea, not with his schooner, how- ever, as he had hoped, but with dog sledges, not returning until stopped by the open water within less than five hundred miles of the Pole, and on land nearer to it than had ever been attained before by any explorer. The Doctor made a hard fight with his schooner against the heavy ice of Smith Sound and the heavy September gales, and not until his vessel was fairly in a sinking condition did he give up the contest and come home to refit and add steam power for another effort, satis- fied that it was through the want of steam alone that he was baffied in his attempts to break through the ice barrier and navigate the open sea beyond. His plan now was to found a colony by gathering around a small nucleus of white hunters the natives at the mouth of Smith Sound; and while pushing on thence the se- cond year with a steamer, he would send home his schooner freighted with oils .and furs. Thus would the expenses of the exploration be borne for an indefinite time. If he did not succeed one year he would press on the next; and with a self-sustaining colony at his back, only eight hundred miles from the Pole, the plan seemed reasonable enough, and to us who stay at home it hasthe additional advantage of appearing safe. Animal life—reindeer, foxes, bears, waterfowl, walruses, seals, whales, &c.—is very abundant in and about the mouth of Smith Sound, and the Doctor sa: valuable cargo may readily be gathered there every year. His party captured in ten months upwards of two hundred ‘and fifty reindeer, two hundred foxes, many walruses and seals, and more birds than they knew what to do with, without any other effort than for the mere svort of hunting, and thug - ego “CTS OF = Booior fed his orow and kept them healthy happy. As a plan of exploration in the remote North no such trial has ever been made, It looks feasible, and Dr. Hayes has said that what the war prevented him from doing in 1862 he proposes to undertake in 1870, and we can see no reason why with such a base to operate from—a permanent, self-sustaining colony—the whole strange region to the right and left of the axis of Smith Sound may not be fully explored and the North Pole ultimately reached, and that, too, with but little risk to life and with com- paratively little cost. For the glory of the country the scheme out to be carried out. Who is going to move in the matter? Willthe Geographical Society take it up? After asort of Rip Van Winkle sleep that body woke up last winter and under the Presidency of Judge Daly and its competent and energetic secre- tary, Mr. Strasniche, promised to take the in- fluential place belonging to it. Will it hastea itself now and see to the solution of the only great geographical problem left since Speke and Baker settled with ‘‘the sources of the Nile?” The Arctic regions are a:good sphere for the energy of American discovery and ought to be peculiarly ours. Shall we, who have led all the nations in so many lines of endeavor, be behind all in our contributions to geographical knowledge? We have taught England and France how to make ships and machines of all sorts and how to carry on war, and why should we not now demonstrate that we are equallg entitled to the first place in those paths where energy and courage can contribute to the de- velopment of science? General McClellan and the Democracy. The democrats appear to be in as great trouble about the reticence of General McClel- lan as the radicals are about the sealed and solemn silence of General Grant. General McClellan has just returned after a long absence in Etrope. He arrives upon the eve of a great Presidential campaign, when everybody is talking and thinking and even betting about the issue. He is welcomed by ‘McClellan legions,” thousands of torches and as many thousand men—some with votes anda good many without any votes at all. But he says nothing. He is like a dumb oracle, and his adherents are amazed at his silence. Cannot this silence bo interpreted to mean that he is really in favor of Grant for the Presidency? It has been stated that, finding the condition of affairs as they now exist in this coun- try, General McClellan is rather sorry than otherwise that he placed the sea between him and Europe so soon. Well, there is a chance open to him, Why not come out for Grant as flatly as General Dix did, and a good many other democrats besides? McClellan wrote one memorable letter four years ago. He can write another now which may wash out all the past unpopularity which somehow, whether justly or unjustly, has gathered about his name. If he is in favor of Grant, as he is reported to be, let him say so in as few words as he chooses, but let him say so. boldly. McClellan really owes nothing to the demoo- racy, and it certainly can incur no debt from him now. It is true that the democrats nomi- nated him for the Presidency in 1864, but they put him upon a platform so narrow and so slippery that he could not keep his footing, and he consequently glided off to obscurity and Europe. If he takes the winning side now there is a good chance for him. He would make an excellent Secretary of War under Grant's administration. So let Little Mac speak out. The Italian French Minister to Mexice. The ocean cable brought the news yesterday that Signor Scovazzo, the present Consul Gen- eral at Belgrade, has been appointed as the diplomatic representative of Italy to the Mex- ican republic, and that he has been empowered - by his government to act for France at the Mexican capital. In this appointment must be recognized the skill cf Napoleon III. in extri- cating himself from the difficult position im which the failure of his Mexican schemes had left him. No diplomatic representative of the Emperor of the French could be welcomed by the Juarez government, which executed the Emperor Maximilian and, aided by the moral pressure of American influence, expelled the French troops from Mexico. But Napoleon is . astute enough to induce Italy to send there a diplomatic representative who shall be author- ized to look after French interests in that country and who will, doubtless, be well re- ceived by the Mexican government, both om account of the convenience, not to say the ne- cessity of this somewhat roundabout arrange- ment, and on his own account. The Baron Camerata Scovazzo is a native of the island of Sicily. Although actively engaged for a long time in diplomatic service he has taken great personal interest in the development of com- merce and industry in Italy, and he very considerable practical knowledge. He has paid special attention to the subject of Italian emigration to different parts of both North and South America, and if his mission should be favorably received in Mexico it may result in turning the tide of Italian emigration in that direction. Reve or Broapway.—Have the com- tractors engaged in repaving Broadway the unlimited lease of another Court House job, or how? They have fought it on that line all summer, and from the look of things we should say they have fortified themselves on the street for the winter and in view of a slow resump- tion of operations ip the spring. We would submit, however, that if they intend to occupy Broadway for an indefinite length of time the contractors should patch up the pavement of Crosby street for the public accommodation meantime, Has the Mayor anything to say, or does he know anything, or ishe a know nothing on this subject ? Tus Rains ann tHe Staeets.—The open- ing rains of October have left our streets, especially around the water side, in a lovely state of liquefaction, and the worst of it fs thas to all appearances the correspondence between Peter Cooper and Mr. McLean does not abate the nuisance. Dirt carts, and not statistics oa money wasted, are what we want,