The New York Herald Newspaper, September 13, 1868, Page 6

6 SEW YORK HERAL BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. . JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. All business or news letter and telegraphic despatches must be addressed New York Herp. Letters and packages should be properly sealed. Rejected communications will not be re- turned, THE DAILY HERALD, published every day in the year. Four cents per copy. Annual subscription price $14. THE WEEBELY HERALD, every Saturday, at Five CENTS pet copy. Annual subscription price:— Five Copins.. Ten Coples.. Any larger number addressed to names of sub- scribers $1 50 each. An extra copy will be sent to every club of ten. Twenty copies to one addresss one year, $25, and any larger number at same price. Ap extra copy will be sent to clubs of twenty. These rates make the WEEKLY HERALD the cheapest pub- teatoin in the country. Postage five cents per copy for three months. The EUROPEAN Eprtion, every Wednesday, at Six CENTS per copy, $4 per annum to any part of Great Britain, or $6 to any part of the Continent, both to include postage. ‘The CALIFORNIA EDITION, on the Ist, 9th, 16th and ‘24th of each month, at Stx CENTS per copy, or $3 per annum. 4 Volume XXXII RELIGIOUS SERVICES T0-DA' BROADWAY TABERNACLE CHURCH.—Dz. Tuowr- aon. Evening, BROOKES’ ASSEMBLY ROOMS—SPEAKING. Afternoon. CHRISTIAN CHURCH BELL. Afternoon and ireenpoint.—REv. M, SUMMER- Jag. is CANAL STREET PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.—Rrv. Davip MivcHELt. Morning and evening. CHURCH OF THE RESURRECTION.—Rev. Dr. FLAGG. Morning. EVERETE ROOMS.—SrimiTUALISTS, De, Witus. Morning and evening. EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH OF THE HOLY TRINITY.—Rev. Dk, KROTEL, Morning and evening. FORTY-SECOND STREET PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.— Rev. Du. W. A. Soorr. Morning and evening. FRENCH CHURCH DU ST. ESPRIT.—Rey. Da. Ven- REN. Morning. NEW SCHOOL—Houston and Thompson streets.—Ap- DRESSES. Afternoon. PLYMOUTH BAPTIST CHURCH.—Rev. Dz. Wxscort, Evening. PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF THE RE- FORMATION.—Morning and evening. SEVENTEENTH STREET METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.—Rev. Wa. P. Cornit, morning. Rev. J. Hay- Woop, afternoon. ST. JOHN THE EVANGELIST CHURCH.—Rrv. J. B. CaMPULLL. Morning and evening. ST, ANN'S FREE CHURCH—Dear Mourrs,—Rev. THOS. Gauauper. Afternoon. 8T. THOMAS’ CHURCH. Dr. Mogan. Morning. square.—Bisuor SNow. Af- UNIVERSITY —Waahing! ternoon, TRIPLE New York, Sunday, September 13, 1868, « Saran THD NEWS. EUROPE. The news report »y the Atlantic cable is dated yesterday evening, September 12, Queen Victoria ceached Windsor. Spain offers to send thousands of soldiers to the Pope, but has in- surrection: at home. Grau’s opera company em- barked at Brest for New York. ‘The London ‘Change was closed, Five-twenties, 75% in Frankfort. Cotton declined and downward, with middling uplands at 10,4. Breadstu‘fs quiet, Provisions firm. By steamship at this port we have a varied and very interesting mail report from Europe in detail of our cable telegrams to the Ist of September. MISCELLANEOUS. Our letters from Peru and Ecuador report the most | terrible ¢ nity that has ever visited «hose countries, arthquake, which was spoken of in our letter from Lima published on the oth ult, as having put forth preliminary signs, burst forth in all its fury on the 13th, a few hours after our mail had sailed, The con ences were most fearful, Accounts from the interior of Peru state that the towns of Arequipa, Arica, Iquique, Moquegua, Lo- ccumna and numerous other smailer towns were en- Uirely destroyed, three hundred lives being lost in Arequipa, five hundred in Arica, six hundred in Iqui- que and about four hundred in the other points by the crushing of houses and the rising of the sea. In Lima the shock was severe, but no injury was sus- tained. In Callao the tidal wave cleaned out the houses near the shore, but no lives were lost. The United States storeship Fredonia was dashed to pieces at Arica and ail her crew were lost, and the mman-of-war Wateree was carried haifa mile inland and lodged high and dry by the tidal wave. The en- tire loss on property in Peru is estimated at $300,000,000, In Ecuador numerous towns were Gestroyed, and Guayaquil and Quito were severely damaged. The lives lost in Ecuador alone are esti- mated at twenty thousand. The letters are dated at ‘Quito on the 19th and Lima on the 2sth—in one in- stance several days and in the other two weeks after the appalling calamity had occurred, and yet it is #till impossibie to obtain certain data in regard to the kilied. Our Panama letter is dated September 4. Correoso, during the absence of Presideut Ponce, had over- powered his guard and took military possession ot She city. On the return of Ponce and his principal Feneral, Mesa, they were arrested, and Ponce imme- diately resigned. Correoso thereupon prociaimed himself Provinsional President, and formed a new Cabinet partially from among the colored popula- tion. Ponce left the city, The news from Central America is unimportant. We have telegraphic advices trom the West Indies to September 10. An agent of ex-President Cabral, of St. Domingo, was in Jamaica trying to purchase munitions of war, The Cacos had retired from Port au Prince because they were short of ammuni- tion. ‘The diplomatic and consular corps paid their usual Visit of congratulation to the new President of Peru, Colonel Balta, on the 15th of August. General Hovey assisted, having recognized the validity of Colonel Balta’s government. In his speech on the occasion, Btita assured the diplomats of his intention to have the rights of foreigners rigorously protected. ‘The campaign in Maine was closed yesterday, and the election will come off on Monday. An immense assemblage of republicans paraded in Lewiston last evening. An attack was made upon them with bricks and missiles, aud several were seriously injured. The Georgia Senate yesterday declared the colored members, of whom there were only two, ineligible, by @ vote of 25 to 11. A protest from the ousted members was entered on the journal. In the trial of Whelan at Ottawa yesterday the defence was closed with the testimony of the ex- pected witness from Cincinnati. Rebutting evi- dence for the prosecution was then taken, and the court adjourned until Monday. Buckley. one of the NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 13, 1868.—TRIPLE SHEET. messengers of the House, and Doyle were arraigned on the charge of complicity in the murder of McGee, and pleaded not guilty, President Johnson granted another interview yes- terday to the Legislative Committee of Tennessee radicals, at which he promised them to. direct Gene- ral Thomas to furnish whatever military force may be necessary to aid the civil officers in carrying out the laws. A copy of the orders was afterwards fur- nished to the committee. General Sherman has called upon the Secretary of Whr to furnish him with an additional rtgiment of cavalry in order to prosecute the Indian war with tne promised vigor. It is understood that General smory, with his Fifth cavalry, will be sent to him immediately. Generals Thomas, Hancock and Terry have been Sppointed a Court of Inquiry, with Judge Holt as Judge Advocate, to investigate charges against General Dyer, Chief of Ordnance. The court is to meet in Washington on the 5th of October. Fraudulent checks have recently been received by the Second National Bank of Philadelphia which are uniformly lithographed, it is said, by the firm of Mayer & Uo., of Fulton street, New York. They are entirely different from any used by the bank. Henry Wells, a citizen of Ramapo, Rockland county, New York, was taken sick of fever at his home on Monday. On Friday, before daybreak, while his attendant was dozing at his bedside, he disappeared, and a close search by the villagers up to noon yesterday has failed to give any clue to his whereabouts. Commodore M. F. Maury, formerly of the United States and rebel navies, on Thursday was installed as Professor of Physics in the Virginia Military In- stitute, ‘The public schools, with few exceptions, through- out the city will be reopened to-morrow morning. The school buildings have all been overhauled and placed in thorough repair. Several schools in which extensive alterations were being made will not be finished for some time to come, as the bricklayers’ strike threw the work back. The number of schools in the city now in charge of the Board of Education is 260, the whole number of scholars under instruc- tion last year was 226,187, and the value of the school property amounts to $5,500,000, The patent self-resurrecting coffin maker experi- mented with his invention at Jones’ Wood yesterday, being interred for two hours and rising again. A boy of eleven was arrested on the steamer City of London as a stow away, he having stolen $66 from his father and being bent on going to Ireland. Four children were killed by the caving in of a sand bank in Milford, Mass., a few days ago. The Loew bridge is to be kept clear of loafers in future. The first arrest under the new arrangement was effected yesterday morning. The weather was so warm yesterday that four cases of prostration by the heat were reported in the city. The total loss by the flre at Phelan’s billiard fac- tory amounts to $175,000, ‘The stock market was dull and drooping yester- day. Government securities were strong. Gold closed at 144 @ 14434. Business was dull in most departments of trade in commercial circles yesterday. Rio coffee was moderately active, and the better grades were steady, while the lower grades were weak. Ootton was slow of sale and 4c. lower, closing at 26c. for middling uplands. On 'Change flour was dull, and holders would have been obliged to accept of 15c. a 26c. lower prices to éffeet sales of importance. Wheat was dull and nominal at about $1 85 a $195 for new Nos. 2 and 1 spring respectively. Corn was dull and lower, closing at $1 21 bid for prime new mixed Western. Oats were quiet, but steady. Pork was in light demand and heavy, while beef was quiet and lard moderately active at steady prices. Petroleum was quiet and heavy, at 15c. a 1534c. for crude (in bulk) and 30c. for refined. Naval stores were moderately active, but a trifle better. Freights Were quiet. Whiskey, in bond, was in mcderate de- mand and firmer, closing at 70c. The Terrible Earthquakes America, On the afternoon of August 13 the west coast of South America was shaken by one of the most terrible earthquakes ever felt in that latitude. The most ‘powerful shock took place at about fifteen minutes past five o'clock, and lasted from four minutes in some places to nine minutes in others, For over four days this -quaking of the earth was repeated at intervals. In the space of about five min- utes the beautiful city of Arequipa was wrapt in darkness and clouds of dust and laid in ruins. The Jesuits’ church was scattered over a space of one hundred yards. About four hundred persons were killed, while all the inhabitants lost their entire property. The towns of the interior back of Arequipa met with a like fate, and one of the Chilean mails was buried on the road near Lloque. Up to August 16 seventy-six severe shocks were felt in that part of Peru, and all the population had to leave the cities and towns to find places of safety. Meanwhile Mount Misti was vomiting lava, stones and mud over the surrounding country. The northern side of the crater had broken and fallen outward. The cities of Moquegua, Chala, Iquique, Locum- ba, Pisagua, Pisco, Islay and Tacna are little else than heaps of ruins. At Arica the earth- quake was accompanied by a great sea bore, thirty feet in height, which cast the American storeship Fredonia on a reef, totally destroy- in South ing the vessel and drowning her officers and crew. The Wateree was carried high and dry half a mile inland, where she lies embedded between sand hills. The Peruvian corvette America and several foreign merchantmen were destroyed. In Ecuador the provinces of Pachincha and Imbabura suffered fearfully. The towns of Tbavia, San Pablo, Atuntaqui and Imantad are ruined, The site of Cotacachi is now a lake. In Quito the loss of life is not so great as else- where, hut the estimated loss in the State is reported at thirty thousand souls, In Chile the shocks are known to have made a like havoc as far south as Cobija. But we must await another mail to ascertain the full extent of this dreadful earthquake which agitated the Pacific Ocean to such an extent that a great tidal wave over- whelmed the port of San Pedro and other ports in California at the same time as the ports on he west coast of South America. So far as heard from twenty towns are known to have been destroyed, thirty-two thousand lives lost, and about three hundred millions of dollars’ worth of property de- stroyed. The direction of the shocks was from north to south, and the fact that travellers from Bolivia to Tacna, in Peru, did not notice it until near the Andes passes leads to the belief that the convulsion ran along the Andes range. Thus far only a few of the volcanoes of that range have been reported as active, and these in the neighborhood of Arequipa, which is regarded as near the focus of the earthquakes, but later details will probably show more to be in a state of eruption. The South American earthquake will take rank among the most dreadful convulsions of modern times. When all the details are known it may be found to have been more dis- astrous than that at Lisbon on November 1, 1755, when sixty thousand people were killed and the city laid in ruins. The present century has proved prolific in such convulsions of nature. In 1811 the western part of this country was visited by a most severe shock, traces of which are still to be found in the: region extend- ing from the mouth of the Ohio river to that of the St. Francis. On March 26, 1812, another earthquake destroyed the city of Caracas, Venezuela, burying beneath the ruins twelve thousand of ita inhabitants. From De- cember 16, 1857, to January, 1858, the King- dom of Naples was visited by violent shocks, and the loss of life is estimated to have been about thirty thousand. On June 19, 1858, the Mexican republic met with a like fate. The city of Quito, Ecuador, was likewise shaken in March, 1859, and some thousands of lives lost. But more recently we had to chronicle the disastrous earthquakes in Central America and the West Indies last October, and in the Sandwich Islands in the beginning of April of this year. The losses in the West Indies, although severe, were far inferior to those caused by the pres- entearthquake. They were estimated at about twenty millions of dollars and some hundreds of lives lost. In the Sandwich Islands the damage done was still less. The reason of this is clear—the regions traversed by the shocks are about in the same ratio as to extent and density of population as the respective losses. Just a year previous to this South American earthquake a most violent shock was felt in the East Indies, and was followed in October by the West India convulsion. In each case the direction of the earthquake corresponded with the mountain ranges, just as the line of the direction of the shocks in the present case corresponds with the range of the Andes Moun- tains. It is also noticeable that the most violent earthquakes have taken place about the time when the periodical displays of meteors are due—that is, about the months of April, August, October, November and De- cember. Ever since the earth got into the great meteoric belt, in November, 1867, we have had to chronicle unusually disastrous earthquakes. Can it be that the electric-like shocks of earthquake are generated by the contact of the metallic portion of this belt with the sulphuric emanations of the vol- canoes? The Religious Movements of the Time—Sowe Characteristics. Religiously the world is peculiarly lively at the present moment. Socially and geographi- cally it is a long leap from Water street, New York, to the Vatican at Rome, from the homes of Johnny Allen and Tommy Hadden to the palace of Pio Nono; but wide as is the space it is not wide enough to enclose all the re- ligious manifestations and religious pecu- liarities of the hour. Religion rather than war—religion rather than politics or progress or tradé is the dominant and all-absorbing question of interest, not in one but in many lands. Never have the pastors returned from their summer quarters to find so much food for thought or such demands on their time and strength. It cannot but be gratifying to the religious world generally that the religiosity of the genus man is now so fully and unmistaka- bly confessed. The present condition of the religious world is the belt answer that can be given to those atheistic revilers who ignore or despise all religion. It is less, however, our object for the pres- ent to discourse on the religious nature of man than to point out some of the more prominent religious characteristics of the times. Among these characteristics we note, first, the grow- ing disposition to disconnect religion from State or national politics—in other words, to sepa- rate Church and State. Since the beginning ‘of time, rightly or wrongly, religion has always formed an integral part of the ma- chinery of human government. It was 80 in ancient Egypt. It was so with those great empires which once dominated Western and Central Asia. It was so with the Jews of old, with the Greeks and with the Romans, Modern discovery has established the fact that among all primitive races in all parts of the world religion was the mainspring of the gov- ernment machine. The introduction of Chris- tianity, while it changed the form, did rot alter the fact. Constantine, in proclaiming the Christian religion the religion of the Roman empire, did but yield to what was then deemed a necessity. For well nigh fifteen hundred years Church and State have gone hand in hand in governing within the confines of Christendom. During those centuries the evils of such an alliance were occasionally seen and denounced. It was reserved, however, for the founders of the republic of the United States to sever this union and to teach the na- tions that a good civil government was possi- ble without the sanctions and supports of a State Church. Ninety years of practical proof have had their effect on the world, and the example of the United States is being exten- sively imitated. To take Great Britian for example, the State Church has almost ceased to form an element in her colonial govern- ment. State Church there is none in Canada or Australia, It has just disap- peared from Jamaica, It cannot much longer exist in South Africa, It has now for the first time in the history of Eng- land become a vital question at the polls; and already the Irish Church establishment may be regarded as doomed. The Scotch Church will follow the Irish, and the English will share the fate of both. Dr. Pusey, than whom there is no more sturdy supporter of the Anglican establishment, in a letter written a few days ago to the London Zimes, says:—‘‘I certainly do believe that we are in a state ot revolution, and that asa part of that revole- tion, in all human appearance, the days of establishments are numbered, whether, in fact, the disestablishment comes a little sooner or & little later. Ihave for some time expected the Irish establishment to be modified or abolished first, then the Scotch, then the English.” When men in the position of Dr. Pusey are forced to such conclusions we can- not doubt the ultimate result. The condition of the Papacy, the Church in France, the Church in Italy, the Church in Austria, the Church in Spain, all read the same lessons, The movements now in progress must result finally in the complete emancipation of the State from the tyranny of the Church, The example which we have held up to the world for well nigh a century will, at no distant day, become a characteristic of Christendom. Another prominent characteristic of the times is the spirit of independence which is being manifested in all directions. Time was when the Church's teachings were received by layman and by pricat alike without question. ‘eat domain. And this has b2en true of the churches of the Reformation as it was true of the Church of Rome. This spirit of inde- pendence has been revealing itsalf in all manner of ways. Now it isa Father Gavazzi kindling Europe and America by his words of fire. Now it is the “Essayists and Reviewe's” and Dr. Colenso removing from revealed religion the incrustations of centuries and seeming to shake the very pillar and ground ofthe truth. Now it is a Stephen H. Tyng or a John P. Hubbard, who, while they pocket the stipends, trample on the canons of the Protestant Episcopal Church; or it is a noble minded Cracraft, who abandons a position which he cannot maintain with a conscience “void of offence.” This independency may in the first instance prove destructive, but a general breaking ap may be necessary before the Church of the future can begin to take practical shape. It would be absurd to imagine that the former characteristics implied indifference to religion. Never, perhaps, since the religious revolution of the sixteenth century, which divided Western’ Christendom in two, was there more vitality in certain sections of the Church.; Even in these United States and in spite of our voluntaryism we are a church loving and a church building people. The present religious movement, deep down in the very lowest strata of our social life, if it stands the test for a little while longer, will be convincing proof to the world at large that the old saving truths of the Gospel have lost none of their power. It rests with the clergy of the different churches who have not yet placed themselves in true relations with this Water street movement whether it shall result tothe honor of religion or whether it shall not. Men like Henry Ward Beecher and Stephen H. Tyng ought not to be afraid to appear in Water street, even in Johnny Allen’s, They could not suffer. They might do great good. The Irrepressible Mr. Spinner, on the Bonds and Politics Again. United States Treasurer Spinner is out again with a letter pleading for the bondholders, and with a stump,speech in the body of that letter against the democrats and in favor of the radicals. Heis the most irrepressible func- tionary in this line we have ever known. Judging from the frequent appearance and length of his letters, the office of Treasurer must be a very light one. Aman who can find so much time to write for public consumption and political effect can have little else to do. Of course his communications are always in reply to some patriotic Jones, Smith or Thomp- son, who wants information ; but it so happens that the questions are invariably such leading ones as exactly suit the answers which it is well known the Treasury oracle will give. Thus Mr. Spinner acquires the honor of noto- riety through the press which he could obtain in no other way than by this ingenious process of responding to the appeals of patriotic cor- respondents. This time it is Thompson who wants to be enlightened, and he asks the oracle what the democratic platform means about ‘equal taxa- tion of every species of: froperty according to its real value, including government bonds and other securities,” what the ‘‘practice of the government has been respecting the taxa- tion of government bonds,” and whether “the lands of the farmer and homesteads of the la- boring people shall pay an ad valorem tax equal to that paid on luxuries by the affluent consumer.” And he asks further “if the gov- ernment bas ever applied this principle to its method of raising revenue.” In answer to these inquiries Mr. Spinner re- plies—First, that he hopes Grant and Colfax will be elected, and that the result will be not only a settlement of the political troubles of the country but the financial problem also. Still, he fears there are some leading men in his party—the radical party—‘‘who are not well grounded in ethics or political economy.” A very sensible remark, only he ought to have said a great many leading men, and not a few merely, are in that benighted condition. Yet he hopes all this ignorance will be sloughed off, and that the purified radical party will “‘take from the débris of the disin- tegrated democratic party enough men who are sound on the question of finance.” He looks to financial issues as being the ones on which parties will be divided in the fature and after the next election. With regard to taxing United States bonds, he says the plank of the democratic platform referred to is buncombe, and he does not believe ‘‘that anybody of sound mind ever believed that this orany other civilized govern- ment on the face of the earth ever taxed its own stocks or permitted them to be taxed by any other power within its limits or jurisdic- tion.” We think Mr. Spinner has a limited knowledge of history or he would not make such a sweeping assertion. The incomes derived from government stocks are taxed in this country now and have been in other countries—that is, the interest is taxed, which is about the same thing as taxing the bonds. If the principle be admitted, though only by the tax of a mill, the government can at its discretion tax to any extent. This, however, applies to the supreme government, and not to the local governments. Still it is a question whether the separate States or municipalities can constitutionally tax incomes derived from government bonds, notwithstanding the de- cision of the case Mr. Spinner quotes with regard to the city of Charleston taxing United States stocks. It did not appear clear in that case that the tax was directly upon the inte- rest or income derived from the stocks, and Chief Justice Marshall took the broad ground that no local authority could touch the credit of the supreme government by taxing its se- curities. Still there was a difference of opin- ion among the judges as to whether the in- terest as income could be taxed, Mr. Spinner reiterates the old cry of repudiation, because it is proposed to make the bondholders contri- bute in some way or other to the common burdens of the country, According to his view of the matter this enormous moneyed oligarchy ought to be exempt from taxation, because, forsooth, if taxed the credit of the United States would be damaged. We rather think the reverse would be the case, and that both the revenue and credit of the government would be greatly improved by making such an enormous mage of wealth contribute a fair pro- one idea—the bondholders and their interests— and he cannot see anything else. The only good point he makes in his letter is in 9 historical review of the conduct of Howell Cobb when Secretary of the Treasury and of the schemes of that worthy, of Jake Thompson and John B. Floyd to damage the credit of the government and to aid the rebel cause during the last year of Mr. Buchanan's administration. He is perfectly at home on this subject, and makes, with the greatest relish, some surprising revelations. The richest part of the letter is in the conclusion, where the radical Treasurer indulges in swell- ing buncombe about taxes being ‘* wrung from the poorer and middle classes that the bloated aristocracy may be still further relieved from paying their just proportion of the burdens imposed upon the people.” This is decidedly rich from a man who favors the national bank monopoly and who wants the bloated bond- holding aristocracy, which is now making from fifteen to twenty per cent on its investments, to be exempt from taxation. Somebody has to pay taxes to support the government, and if the bondholders, with two thousand millions of capital, do not, they must be wrung from those farmers and poorer and middle classes for which Mr. Spinner pretends to have so much sympathy. The Labor Congress in Belgium. Delegates representing the workingmen of Europe are assembled in Brussels in session of an international trades’ labor convention, having for its main object the perfection of an organization which will effect the ‘‘emanci- pation” of industry from ‘‘the oppressions of employers.” Muscle and skilled handicraft assert that money capital aggrieves them, and the members of this convention seek to adjust the balance by uniting both in an Old World trades’ union, which, acting in concert and with an identity of feeling, will supersede the neces- sity of local ‘“‘strikes” and regulate all differ- ences between employers and the employed according to a uniform code and the decision of arbitration courts to be duly established. Trades’ unions are to be formed in all countries where they do not at present exist and the local bodies to be aftiliated to a common centre, Resolutions to such effect were adopted by the members during the sitting on Wednes- day, but our cable report of the proceedings, meagre in substance and rather indistinct in narrative, does not inform us what dis- position was made of the eight points of a very comprehensive programme laid down for debate previous to the assemblage— whether they were discussed seriatim, or if the resolves indicated above were arrived at in bulk and in accordance with an extra parliamentary and foregone conclusion as to the necessities of the emergency. We are not told if the delegates treated, or if so how, the following paragraphs:—Second, effects of the possession by capitalists of machinery; third, private property; fifth, establishment of credit societies for the purpose of facili- tating the “emancipation” of the laboring class; seventh, the course which should be pursued by the working class in the event of a war breaking out between two or more of the great Powers, and especially its policy towards the originators of such war; and, with due respect for the enlightenment and “rights” of labor, we may be permitted to express a reasonable and, we think, justifiable doubt whether the mind of the mechanics and hand workers of Europe is sufficiently educated in economic science, and free enough from the preju- dices of class, for an intelligent and really useful deliberative treatment of points involv- ing principles and consequences of such serious import and magnitude. In the promi- nence of expressions such as ‘‘oppressions of employers,” ‘‘facilitating the emancipation of the laboring classes," “‘the possession of ma- chinery by capitalists,” we incline to discern somewhat of a would-be tyranny of labor, moved by that spirit of discontent with man's actual lot in life—the nemo contentus vivat— which prevailed with such injurious conse- quences in ancient Rome, and has, to a greater or less extent, agitated society ever since, as civilization and commerce were extended and capital became congested, in consequence, at certain centres. As to the interference of the united European trades with the war-making propensities or inclinations of the ruling Powers, as set forth in the seventh paragraph of the programme, the practicability of its ap- plication may be questioned with great pro- priety. Indeed, it may be asked if attempts to carry it into effect would not render war more frequent, for inasmuch as the executive body of the affiliated trates of the Old World must have a place of common centre, a local habitation, perhaps some foreign Power about to make war, and interfered with thence, would charge the government which afforded the members shelter with exciting “hatred and contemp among its subjects and make the action a cusus delli in that direc- tion also. Thus, if the resident centre hap- pened to be in London or Brussels, would Napoleon or Bismarck permit France or Germany to be agitated, even in the in- terests of labor, from such centre by a mechanics’ union in opposition to a war de- cided on by royalty without calling England or Belgium to account ? Local laws will also operate to prevent the extension of a uniform trades union to ‘“‘all countries ;” in illustration of which we may mention that the trades union system which is now prevalent in England would, if adopted exactly by trades- men in Ireland, render the members of the body liable to transportation for combination under the Irish Convention act, the operatives in the last named country not being permitted by law to unite with objects higher than trades, benefit and relief societies. Other difficulties in the way of the reali- zation of the objects of this congress will readily present themselves to our readers ; yet, notwithstanding the labor movement as reflected from Brussels is of vast signi; ficance just at present, as its approach even to realization in practice will gradu- ally revolutionize the relations existing be- tween labor and capital in Europe, and the effect be extended, if only by sympathy, more or less to the New World, It thus promises to inaugurate an industrial orisis worthy, oven by anticipation, the consideration of social econo- mists and statesmen; for if the idea take The right of private judgmen't might not enter | portion of the taxes, But Mr. Spinner has vt working shape the country in which the centre of the union will be fixed ogn always influence, to ® 8reater or less extent, the. internal con- ditioy’ 924 monetary affairs of the others. SL The 1, ‘tlane—The True Policy, Various and [uf different points in the i seem fa the story that an ipdian war is impending. We do not observe, howe\er, that the govern. ment is very much alarmed bout it, probably because the stories are not always consistent with each other, and most likely because the origin and object of the reports are thoroughly understood. When, for instance, the public is alarmed by a telegraphic account of an Indian outrage, which, if it occurred at all, happened more than six weeks ago, and has been reported over and over again as a fresh outrage, although it may be the same old story, we cannot be surprised that the authorities at Washington, who must be officially informed of the transaction, pay little heed to it. The latest report relates to a dash made by the Kiowa Indians upon Fort Zarah, a stone fortification in the middle of the Plains, on the wagon track to Santa Fé. Two or three days ago it was represented that a dash of Savages was made upon Fort Dodge, on the Arkansas river, an open and unintrenched post, comprising @ goodly number of stone quarters for the soldiers, an excellent hospital of the same material, a wooden tenement, where the commandant resides in democratic simplicity, and a dozen or more holes in the ground, or ‘‘dug-outs,” situated on the bank of the river, where the officers, married and single, enjoy such luxuries as the prairie dog, the rattlesnake and the owl are said to enjoy in common in the splendid artificial temples known as ‘‘dog towns.” Whether this attack and the one at Fort Zarah—which is about a hundred miles a way from Fort Dodge—formed the basis of the same story we know not, but, from the general inaccuracy of Indian reports, we should not be surprised if it was. How- ever, we have the testimony of Colonel Wyn- koop, a reliable Indian agent, that the ‘‘dash” at Fort Zarah was only the consequence of two young Kiowa warriors getting drunk and pitching rather boisterously into the camp of some teamsters, who fired on them and pro- voked a return fire from the young folks, whe were indulging in what in civilized life is called a spree. The Kiowas, it appears, went to the fort to demand satisfaction, but a few friendly words from their chief and Colonel Wynkoop settled the whole question. Colonel Wynkoop says, moreover, that all these tribes are friendly. On the same day a wagon master reported that his train had been robbed by the same Indians, but he subsequently confessed that he had disposed of his mer- chandise to them, and possibly a part of the transfer was the very fire-water that created all the trouble. When we hear such tales we become suspicious of the veracity of the sources from which they come, and, while any news officially reported by Generals Sherman and Sheridan is undoubtedly entitled to credit, we are not disposed to accept half the stories, often multiplied and vague as they are, aa literal truths, There appears to be a disposition on the part of interested persons either to provoke an Indian war or to manufacture one by tele- graph. No doubt an appropriation of a mil- lion or two by Congress would be most accept- able to a good many people on the Plains. The rivalries of Indian agents, too, have more, perhaps, to do with these troubles than is generally known. The infliction of political intrigue is not spared to the Plains any more than to the cities, and we fear that much of the rumors and a good deal of the actual facts of Indian disturbances may be traced to that source. Of one thing we are pretty well con- vinced—that the only true policy in dealing with the Indians is, first, to make no promises to them that we do not honestly fulfil, and next, that the management of Indian affairs be deposited in the War Department, and their execution be entrusted to the judgment of the military commanders, who are for the moat part—indeed, almost without exception—gen- tlemen of unpurchasable integrity, who tho- roughly comprehend their duty as soldiers, and who have no interest in provoking Indian warfare. Tue Srason in THE Counrry.—Notwith- standing the reopening of the city churches last Sunday, and that of the fall trade, and the unmistakable addition of a city element to the large rural element which has predomi- nated all summer in the audiences which have filled the theatres, many New Yorkers will wisely postpone their return to the business and pleasures of the metropolis until the be- ginning of next month. The artists particu- larly are glad to linger in their favorite sum- mer haunts and study form and color by the seaside, or, inland, in mountain, valley, river, lake, prairie and forest. They will thus be able to enrich their portfolios with sketches for pic- tures that shall represent the unrivalled au- tumnal glories of American scenery. In Sep- tember and even in October the country is far more attractive and enjoyable than during the scorching heats of summer, when it ts usu- ally visited by fashionable tcurists. Tus Usprrorounp Ratway.—The com- plete success of the London Underground Railway encouraged the contractors for it to offer, three months ago, to build a similar road in New York. It is not yet knowa whether this offer has been accepted, but three of the directors of the proposed underground railroad company are now in England seeking for all the information that may aid them in the new undertaking. A statement of the pro- gress which has been made in forming plans for active operations will soon be published. We shall then be better able to judge of the feasibility of a project which unquestionably promises great advantages to the rapidly in- creasing population of our metropolis. Soma means must be devised for facilitating speedy and convenient access to the homes which are daily multiplying fh the upper part of the jSland, . THE WEATHER YESTERDAY. The following record will show the changes in the temperature during the past twenty-four hours, aa indicated by the thermometer at Hudnut’s pharmacy, No. 218 Broadway, Herat Building:—