The New York Herald Newspaper, July 6, 1868, Page 11

i lerererettecereneecteertia citer BRAZIL. The Rainy Seasou—Personal—The Prince of Saxe—Railway Matters at Perunmbuco— Projects Before the Legislature—How Bra- zilian Officials Get Aloug in the World— American Colonizing. PERNAMBUCO, May 30, 1868. Since my last the rainy season seems to have fair- ly set in, much to the relief of the agricultural pot- Uon of our people. For the information of those who have not visited this province it may not be ‘amiss to remark that our wet season is generally in- augurated by a few smart showers in February, which increase in frequency through March and April. In May and June the rain storms are still more frequent and copious, mostly commencing in the morning at daybreak and continying until about ten A.M., when there is a partial cessation until about four P. M., then a heavy rain for an hour or two and another later in the evening. In the inter- vais the sky has that leaden appearance which voy- agers have noticed when at sea near the equator, and the atmosphere has a depressing effect upon the spirits, The rains seem, so to speak, to kill the trade winds, and, paradoxically, it is much warmer in the intervals between the rains, while at the same time, to a person not thoroughly robust, the all-per- vading moisture produces a chilly sensation which seems to go to the very marrow of the bones. This ia the season of rheumatism and of chills and fevers, or, as the Brazilian tongue hath it, sezaws, In July the rains are less frequent and accompanied by wind squalls, and in August we have frequent high winds, but very rarely suMicient to make a vessel in the roadstead drag her anchors. During the balance of the year, or dry season, but little rain falls excepting in December, when there are frequent light showers, known as the ‘caju rains,” that being the season when the caju fruit 1s in its highest state of perfec- tion, The greater part of the cotton and sugar crops having been brought to market and shipped before the commencement of the rainy season, dulness per- vadea business circles and visibly affects the social life of Pernambucanos, The following items comprise about all the local news that would interest a former resident of “the olty of the reef.” Dr, José Mauricio Fernandes Pereira, recently appointed Inspector of Customs in lace of the Commendador Antonio Eulalio Monteiro, has arrived and entered upon the discharge of his duties. The ex-Inspector, who sailed for Rio Janeiro eared was the recipient of a testiménial letter rom the merchants .of this olf expressive of their regret at his removal from the department in which he had performed good services to the commercial interests of the port and thanking him for the polite- ness shown to the mercantile community. The new bishop of this diocese, Dr. Dom Francisco Cardoso Ayres, is expected from Rome by the French mat! steamer, due June 12, Dr. Dom Luiz da Conceicao Saraiva, Bishop of Maranham, who arrived from Rome on the 12th inst., departed from this port for his diocese on the 23d inst. on the steamer Gudra. As is customary, a battalion of the National Guard did the military honors due at the embarking of the meee who, as a prince of the Church, ranks in Bra- zil wth a prince of the imperial family. ‘On the 16th tnst, the mail steamer Merrimac ar- rived from New York, having on board the Prince of Saxe, en route ior Rio Janeiro, to visit his brother the Duke of Saxe, the husband of the Princess Leo- poldina, second daughter of the Emperor. The Prince came ashore with Captain Timmerman, and invited the captain and purser to breakfast at a hotel. The President of the province, hearing of his arrival, called upon him, took him out for a drive in the suburbs, entertained him at the government palace and nally accoinpanied him on board the steamer. His fellow passengers say he is a very democratl- cally well bred prince. On the night of the 21st inst. some burglars took advantage of the fact that the building formerly oc- cupied by the branch of the Bank of Brazil was being renovated for the use of the London and Bra- zilian Bank, and made a hole in the wall, by which they entered the Cia | building, formerly the Banco Novo, now the banking house of Maud & Co. The fireproof of tue latter establishment resisted on Cn successfully, and they obtained nothing of value. On the 22d inst. a woman named Luzin Marin dos Prazeress was run over by @ train on the suburban railway between kecife and Ee Sobers It appears that the woman, who was deaf, was walking on the track. When the engineer sounded the whistle she stepped off, as it now seems, to avoid a muddy place or some other obstacle; but as the train approached she step on the track again, and a moment afterwards was a shapeless mass. The driver of the en , Who does not appear to have been in the least to blame, was in danger of being lynched on the spot by the excited passengers. He was imprisoned to await an investigation of the case. When the train was again put in motion a relativeof the unfortunate woman placed a large stone on the track for the pur- poe of avenging. the death of his relative by throw- wz the train off. The police saw the act and re- moved the stone, but did not arrest the perpe- trator. The receipts of the Recife and San Francisco Rail- wey dur April were 51,179 milreis; expenses, 32,623 do. During said month the passengers num. dered 17,206, and nggage 3 909 pac! ‘Merchan- dise carried on nee t, 3,380, en bee com- rising 2,268 bales of cotton and 15,538 bags of sugar, Besides “41 animals. While on railway subjene i may say that, in answer to an inquirer in the daily papers, Andre de Abren Porto, the undertaker of the TO} suburban railway to Olinda, announces that ie has not commenced work on the line because the terms of his contract with the provincial authorities are not yet fully arranged. In the reports of pro- ceedings of the tive Assembly, now in session, (notice that the bill authorizing the government to contract with the Baron de Livramento for the con- struction of @ railway to Villa Limveiro has second reading, and that approving the proposal of Dr. Bento José da Costa, for the construction of a suburban railway to Jaboatao, passed the third read- pt "Fhe following bills are also in various stages of progress: viz. :—Proposing to increase to ninety thou- milreis the subvention of the Pernambuco ‘Steam Navigation Company. Grant two thousand milreis to Senhor Joaquin 4imeida Pinto, to assist him in publishing @ work on (ue medicinal plants of the province. apy be President of the province to purchase of Senhor Antonio Joaquin de Mello eight Di jes of illustrious men of the province for the sum of ten thousand mil Authorizing the gov- ernment to appropriate the in front of the Presidential palace, and at the end of Rua Impera- dorgfor the buil ofa hall for the Chamber of ities. Auth ing the government to contract with Senhor Hope Pires Carneiro for the illumina- tion with gas of the cities of Olinda, Rio Formosa and Goianna. The following bills have received the sanction of the President, viz.:—Authorizing the President to contract for the construction of a bridge to replace the one now existing between the hes ofan Antonio and Boa Vista. Authorizing mu- nicipal chambers to expend the sum necessary for a solemn 7e Deum and otffer festivals, which shall See ee the empire a During The present year 461 students have matri- culated at the law school of this city, of whom 149 rovince. Pernambuco divides with San Paulo the ir of the of Brazil to prefx the much Dr. — Here, — LJ tthe Saari tae ia thinks of learning a Jnectanicat trade. ff poor, he must be a clerk in a shop or warehouse, or one of swarm of petty officials and minor public arnt ‘Tee Cae So of the ay service. respectable excellence be @ doctor of laws, or outer aan he — mence as a tuifogging wyer, 80 as to have tamil Sonpn the varios aren ores attorney, pass thro vi grades judge- ships, 4 elected deputy, become chief of police, resident of @ province, senator, and, perhaps, nally a minister of the em or diplomat! re- sentative. There are siso a thousand other sitlons in the various 4 ~ “¥ ag government all o them when & gow rrr oom al he. seems to consider his “call and election ling sure,” so I presume there is gome way of his salary. Lae on this subject I asked a Brazilian friend explain ee a ay ~— ee witha say y coul afford oper almost that much for house rent, keep four or five worthless servants, hire carriages, dress weil, and do a littie in lottery tickets and lansquenet in the bi egal ‘without counting at all the cost of nameless vices. His explanation was this :—‘‘Public cone are paid in bank notes, half of which are of the male sex and the other half female. These inorease and mally in their pockets to an extent that enables them to live handsomely.” Hope, which, you know, “springs eternal in the human breast,’ ipted the thought that possibly some dirty milreis notes in my pocket might be of the fruitful Rind. 1 hastily drew them out and asked my friend to have the goodness to examine them and tell me if any of them were of the reproductive genus. 1 grieve to they were all males. However, I console myself with the reflection that I have ascertained a fact which escaped the searching investigations of the great siz, Brazil and the Brazilians are not well understood in the United States, and now that igration ts so much talked of it may be as well to w words to dissatisfied Americans, ising that the arrivals of ‘‘Confederados” have not sampled well, and that the minds of the wisest Brazilian statesmen aré made up to the inevitable necessity of abolishing slavery, I desire to call atten- tion to the following extract from an article in the last Anglo-Braztlian Times, of Rio Janeiro:— Southern Americans the proper colonists for Aci? No! ‘The motives of the Southerners in boosting ad rari are not those that make ® Man & guod colonis Compelied to code hie civil rights to whom he hi hitherto Kept in subjection, be bad no other resource than igration. Brazil, ite clima titutions were more sorneoanat io hie laoayneraty than ioe ner" none of the st and hope evinced by the Hou jn vet hourly, constantly xp @ labor of the nigger, ready. 0 " ; OFT them ‘shown the proclivit ‘Lwoodaenan? “I? any, what 9 a th PP thoes who sigh for the sto ‘heir new country. mon who w! likely to co-operate w! — men in removing the restrictions that coerce the tabor of the nigger? Brazil, if she wants fo make tho preliminxty move towards freeing one section of ‘her community must wok to purer grit than the Southerner. The democratic ticket Won't auawer here, Experience teacheaeven fools; but if expéri- ence 1s unable to that their only hope of safety tn thelr country depends on their iissing the rod what will happen? General confiscation, and they either banished or remain as beggars and birelings. And these are the men who Brazil expeots will supplement the nigger! From the above you may conclude that broken down cotton and sugar planters who will not work with their own hands are not wanted here. The only kind of immigrants that are made welcome by the people generally are those who will perform menial services without as- iring to anything higher. Those who are unwil- ag ©, associate with the negro will find more ed athy in the United States than in Brazil. Th! urths of the Brazilian people are of mixed blood, and the curl of the hair as well as the color of the skin shows where the blood came from. I heard an intelligent genticnaan assert this day that in the whole city of Bahia, with a population of over one hundred and eighty thousand, there were not one dozen Brazilian families of pure blood. I have seen Americans from the (;ulf States, who could not bear the idea of according civil rights to an octaroon at home, walk! in the streets or din @ hotel with most decided mulattoes and hay eard them boast of having danced with some dusky belle. ‘The hardships and trials of the pioneer who attempts tomake a home “‘in the continuous woods where rolis the Oregon” are as nothing to those of the man who, coming from a land peopled by descendants of the Anglo-Saxon and kindred races, attempts the same in Brazil one hundred miles from the seacoast. ‘There are wise men connected with the government who are disposed to give assistance and encourage- ment to immigrants, but not every man who comes here can have for his neighbor the wise and good Emperor or the Minister of Agriculture. The majority of Brazilians are very Jealous of foreigners and do not rejoice at the prosperity of the stranger within their gates. The largest and most ‘useful class of immigrants are the Portuguese labor- ers, and the Brazilians envy the success of these, but are too proud and too lazy to achieve fortune in the same way—that is, by industry and economy. A Brazilian who is too proud to work is not, however, too proud to beg. Recently a young Brazilian called on me to subscribe towards his support. He was about twenty-six or twenty-eight years of age, in good health, held a situation in the Custom House, and on undoubted authority I am assured ne had wasted a fortune of $300,000 tn two years. Brazil is a noble empire, but it 1s cursed with a proud, lazy, ARDOTADS BEOWE: and it will require the very best ex- ertions of its best men to save it from the effects of the moral leprosy which is killing it. During the current month exchange has fallen, a3 the term is here—that is to say, a milreis buys fewer pence. The bank rate during the past@week has been seventeen and a half pence per milreis, ninety days’ sight. The French steamer just arrived from the south gives hopes of better news from the seat of war, and probably exchange will advance an eighthor a quarter. Brazilian gold is at a premiuin of sixty percent. Sovereigns are selling at 14500, Sugars are ante at 3/500 @ 3i600 per arr, for clayed; 31200 for “Americanos,” 3000 for “Channels,” Cotton is 1s firm. Yesterday’s quo- tations were 16l| a 17\| per arr. for Pernambuco firsts. Muhlert’s price current of 27th inst. quoted Pernams At 171/600 a 18/1000. and Maceos, f. 0. b. at 101200 a 19/500 perarr. No sales reported so far this morning. Re- ceipts this month 14,000 bales. Flour—American, 32i| @ 34 per bbl. Trieste is retailing at from 40\| a 42| for Fontana and Panama, Kerosene oil—The receipts have been large during the past two weeks, Sales at 2/000 per on, less usual discount. Lard— American is worth from 500 a 550 reis per pound. Money is easy at from six to eight per cent. Dur- ing the month 1,520,000 milreis have been received here from the south. The Counterfeiting Cases at Maranham— Ceara Recruits for the Rio Paraguay Cam- paign—Dratt Riots at Pedra Branca. PERNA¥BUCO, May 30, 1868, At Maranham the merchants accused of passing counterfeit notes remained in prison awaiting fur- ther investigation of the police. The omctal organ having attempted to justify the arrest of the mer- chants above referred to, many persons had stopped their subscription, and on the night of the 4th inst. the door of the publication office was besmeared with filth. Much excitement was caused by what was considered as the very unjustifiable im- Prisonment of Senhor Marten Hoyer (or Hora), one of the most highly respectable merchants, on the charge of having paid two counterfeit notes, of ten milreis each, to one of the banks, the supposed discovery not having been made until several hours after the receipt of the money. The President says the yore of Ceard has sent 5,163 soldiers to the seat of war since its commence- ment. The Municipal Chamber 0a @ com- mittee to rep! nt the city in the festivals that are io take place when victory perches on the imperial anners. The recruiting tat Pedra Branca used his au- thority, it is allege for the gratification of his per- sonal hatred , brought upon himself the curses of the people, who rebelled it his acts, and after a serious conflict set the recruits at liberty. THE TELEGRAPH. International Conference in Vienna—Baron Beust’s Speech. At the one of the international telegraph con- ference on the 12th of June, at Vienna, Baron de Beust delivered the subjoined address in French:— GBENTLEMEN—The bi it assembly by which I am surrounded has been brought ther to com- plete and to extend an organization, the indisputable ‘utility of which has been proved by experience. I need not, therefore, dwell on its advantages, and, moreover, it is not my place to do so in the presence of those who are better judges of them than I am. The eminently international character of the docu- ment which consecrated it required that this first jon should be surrounded by the usual formalities, and on this account diplomacy has in- tervened by the telegraphic convention signed at Paris in 1865. Now that you are about to consider a@ purely technical gia the govern- ments to which I have sent invitations, in accordance with article fifty-six of this convention, have agreed with me in eae as delegates repre- sentatives of the respective administrations. I re- Joice that I have to entrust to men so distinguished the duty of giving a fresh impulse to international telegraphy, and I shall have much pleasure in ascer- taining the results of your deliberations, $0 as to be able to transmit them to the governments which are represented. I hope you will accept as your presl- dent your colleague who represents the imperial and royal government—M. Brunner de Waltenwil, whom 1 ‘have the honor to present to you. Since the Paris convention founded this great association of telegraphic servicgs new members have added strength to it. Tiam its organ in ex- preasing the pleasure we feel in seeing here the representatives of the British admuinistra- tions, and I ho the im) and royal government will approved for having antici- ted the assent of the assembly by receivin, e internation: propositions for the entrance into tel hic network the electric wire which unites the In with the West. The European character of our association should not make us forget that the civilizing mission which is the ry of Euro; should lead it to extend and not to restrict the do- main of ite action. 1 , aeice, with equal pleasure to see here the re] ives of the unit peiacipal ties of Servia and Luxembourg. Gentlemen dele- ries, rmit me to say that I experience a ‘icn- sailsfaction in being called on to open this con- ference, because it is @ work of peace on which you are about to enter. To preserve and to consolidate peace—that open guarantee of a better future— is not this the loudly proclaimed desire of all the hose itatives are here met? know no nobler mission than to work in- cessantly for its accomplishment. Now, there cam be no doubt that the improvement and the extension of the telegraphic system is one of the most powerful means to this end. I know there are sceptics who will tell me that a | state of peace enjoyed by Europe ended almost with the jod when rail and telegraphs had extended with wonderiul rapidity, and that in the course of twelve years we have in succes- sion three wi while the other hemi- sphere has been the scene of a civil war unexampled in But I ask you, is it just to impute these to the marvellous conquests of human genius? Muat it not be admitted, on the contrary, that the latter have served to abridge and to mitigate calamities which would have been spared to Europe if that long state of pence, had been better employed in pre- venting them? Let us, therefore, unreservedly re- jotce over the progress which facilities of communt- cation assure to civilization. They promote not only the material well being, but the intellectual advancement of nations, but they are espe- cially of use in maintaining friendly relations between them. The telegraph especially transmits while there is yet time counsels of prudence ang moderation, it arrests precipitate acta, it explains misunderstandings and it restores confidence some- times in as many minutes as it formerly took days and even weeks to accomplish. Had we not last year @ striking example of the extreme utility of the telegraph in political crises? We ought to remember that the sudden collision which threatened to rekin- die the scarcely extinguished flames of war was averted, and there is reason to doubt whether the Cabinets, If tel hs were not in existence, would have been able to avoid the shock. It is not sary to 8] to youof the immense developm which telegraphs have given to commercial affairs. And is not this great and incessant Lge the best pledge of a future of Fane and prosperity? Here, then, is an object worthy of the noblest aspira- tions, of the most intelligent study and the most severing efforts. I congratulate you, yngpmpaead Beforenan on baving contributed to attain it, Communication by Telegram in France. {From the Edinburg Scotsman, June 18.) From @ letter addressed @ week or two ago by the Director General of lelegraphs in France to the Sec- retary of the General Post Office ip London we take the subjoined statement of the proportions which the various classes of telegraphic a ie bear to each other in France. The statement is teresting more especially in a social aspect—as showing how ly the telegraph ts there used in the ordinary inter. course of society. If our = companies would condescend to give us any similar informatio: we should, we belie’ ind that one effect of thei monopoly, high eee and discou defective- ness of accommod has been to shut out the great mass of the veovle from the benefits of this ¢ great discovery, and confine its usea very much to operations on the Stock Exchange and wholesale speculations in the leading articles of commerce, followii the classification of internal tele- graphic messaes in France according to their pur- poses for 186° Total per cent...... aamenaeeseenee In a recent pamphiet issued by the Telegraph Com- Pany an attempt was made to excite suspicion that under government management the ofMicials would ry into the secrets of telegraphic correspondence. nder the French system secret despatches are a mitted, but iy used oe in a thousand of the t_ even there the public aence in the uprightness gf the administration; and we have reason to believe that the proportion of secret correspondence is much greater in this country. PUGILISM IN ENGLAND. Mill at Catch Weight in the London Dis- trictt—A Game and Protracted AffaireA Nigger in the Ring. (From Bell's Life in London, June 20. It supeers that a step in the right direction to for- ward the cause of pugilism, which appears to be at a low ebb as regal match making, has beef made by a passe being subscribed for by several officers, and the management left to Young Billy Shaw, who selected Andy Casey, an Irish cockney, and Jem Munro, Abe Hicken’s black, to do battie for a purse of £25. They met on pathos, near a large mili- tary “depot,” there being at jeast four hundred present, including military and civilians. One side of the ring was preserved as reserved seats, and the utmost order prevailed. The mill was, perhaps, one of the fastest ever wit- nessed, and wonderful, considering the intense heat of the weather. In fact so hot was it that after the first seven rounds it was ngtend to give one minute time instead of the usual thirty seconds, In all they fought 196 rounds, which occupied four bours and fifty minutes, when Casey, who had been winning for a long time, knocked Master Ebony out of time ‘by a straight left-handed shot on the jaw. Jem Munro, who is twenty-four years of age, stands: five feet five inches in height, and weighed on Wednesday about nine stone ten pounds. His career has been somewhat successful, he having beaten C. Pagertt, £10 a side; Tom Price, $10 a side, &c., and was beaten by Oharley Skeete. He hailed, on the present occasion from Young Billy Shaws’, who was very sweet on hischance. Andy Casey, who ts an Irish cockney, is twenty-three years ot age, stands five feet six inches, and weighed on Wednesday about ten stone seven pounds. He has fought sev- eral turns up, the only recorded mills, however, being a successful fight with Barney Regan, £58 side, 102 rounds, 2 hours and 12 minutes, November 26, 1866, and beaten by Patsy Vaughan, £25 purse, forty-four rounds, 1 hour and five minutes, February 7, 1867. He also, with the “darky,” hailed from Young Shaw’s, and his friends were very sanguine, The ring having been pitched by Puggy White and his satellites, the black threw in his cap at thirty- five minutes past three P. M., having Young Jack Baldock and Tom Hogan for his seconds, Casey was soon after him, attended by Mickey Gannon and Mike Cocklin. The black won the toss for corners, and, of course, placed himself with his back to the un, The toilets of the men being completed, they got together at forty-six minutes past three o'clock. Rounp 1.—Munro was by far in the best condition, and stood in an attitude that proved he was thor- oughly aware of the task before him, -Casey was much too fleshy, but was in epee health and contl- dent. He also showed by his movements that he was au fatt in the art of self-defence. It was soon evident that Jemmy meant fighting, and although Andy was shifty, the black forced the fighting until they closed, when Andy threw the countryman. Time of fighting, 45 seconds. Rounp 2.—Andy, who was up first, let drive wildly with both hands at the head, receiving on the body; good exchanges at the body followed until they coset. when after a good rally both were down side y side. RounpD 3.—Andy was very cautious; Munro invest- ed him heavily on the chest, and forced exchanges, finisning the round by throwing his man. Round 470 6.—All in favor of Munro, who was much the stronger, and threw Andy. ROUND 7.—Munro was very eager, and rattled aN D exer with both hands, knocking Casey on to his hands and knees by a left-hander on the beak, gain- Ma first blood, claimed and allowed. OUND 8.—A fast-fought round was finished by both being down in Munro's corner. ROUNDS 9 AND 10.—These rounds were well con- tested, Jack being as as his master, and they hammered away until both were down at the ropes, Time, 18 minutes, ROUNDS 11 To 17.—The ae was very evenly con- tested. An played atlong shots at the body and ne the “darky” trying at the body and rushi to close quarters, which parently did not su! ea got down on the saving suit, both fight- wi re TONDS 18 TO 24.—All seped in favor of Mun- ro, who forced the fighting, and Casey, who was blowing from the pace at which they had been fight- ing, was judiciously nursed by his seconds. ime 40 minutes. ROUNDS 25 TO 32.—Casey now began to rally and invested heavily from time to time on the body, and in several instances succeeded in throwing the “darky,”? and the mill was at the mercy of either. ROUNDS 33 AND 34.—Two scrambling rounds, but the hitting was decidedly in favor of Andy until they were down. ROUNDS 35 AND 36.—Munro forced the fighting, but very wildly, and Casey got down very suspiciously. Time 1 hour. Rounps 37 To 40.—Scrambling but fast-fought rounds, Munro appearing to have the best of the hit- ting, although Andy showed scarcely a mark of pun- ishment, although he was sent to grass in the last of thege bouts by a round hit, which was much too far back, the forearm landing on the cheek. Rounpbs 41 To 47.—Andy in these rounds was very shifty, and when remonstrated with said “I’m fight- ing to win.” The nigger responded, “That is my fame.” In the last of these rounds all fought very it. Massa Munro invested with the left on the cheek, turning on a tap, but napped a cross counter with the right on the ear, drawing the ruby and making Jem shake his “woolly pate,” and the cor- ner ot Andy was jubilant. ROUNDS 48 To 64.—There was no change in the tac- tics, with the exception that Casey took advantage ofevery opportunity to damage his opponent and save himself, and 80 palpable was one transaction about the les that he was cautioned. Munro once slip) jown, but jumped up and renewed the round, me, 1 hour and 31 minutes, ROUNDS 55 AND 56.—These rounds were all well fought, no time being lost in sparring, but good and rapid exchanges ) and in the last of these Casey knocked Munro of his legs by aright hander on the chin. Rounbs 57 To 65.—This knock down apparentl; gave Casey confidence, as he fought with more cool- ness and less shiftiness, and gradually, but surety, took @ lead and punished Master Munro very se- verely on the body and head, besides having much the best of the throwing. RounDs 66 TO 73.—During these eight rounds the result was hanging, each in turn having an advan- tage, but Casey's extra weight told in the long run, and Munro ally fell weaker and weaker, al- though he tried all that nature would allow him to turn the tide in his favor, Time, two hours. From thie time, although Munro made several bril- Mant efforts to obtain a lead, he was gradually fallin; off, the intense heat and the punishment telling their tale. Although virtually beaten the “darky,” by judicious nursing and well played tactics of his sec- onds, managed to keep going until they had been to- Ped four hours and fifty minutes, when he was inocked out of time by a straight shot on the beak, he falling in a heap after having fought 195 rounds, The “darky” was insensible for some time, but by judicious care he was got round, and was enabled to return to London the same evening. The mill was a good one and fought very fast, and neither could complain much of the tactics of his opponent, as, at the commencement, Casey fought very shifty and the “darky” followed suit at the finish. DIVORCE EXTRAORDINARY—THE SEPARATION OF THE SIAMESE TWINS. It ts stated that the Siamese twins, Chang and Eng, contemplate a visit to Paris for the purpose of having the operation of their physical separation performed, Many years ago, when this proposition ‘was made to them, the assent of both could not be gained to it. One of the brothers was in favor of a dissolution of the partnership of fesh; but the other, inspired ‘netu mortis, or, perhaps, moved with a sublime idea of united destiny, or filial aMliation until “death shouid them sunder,” atubborniy ob- jected, and the laughing knife of the surgeon, which jad been sharpened for the delectable operation, waa forced to rust in retiracy, guiltless of binod from adual heart with a single life. These twi been before the public for about forty years, having been brought to England from Siam in 1827 or 1528, by Captain Bunker, now resident in New York. On visiting America, they determined to make this land their home, and purchased a farm in North Carolina, on which they settled and have lived ever since, except when they made an occasional tour. They married sisters, and each of them is now the father of nine children. The scruples of the opposing brother to a surgical separation have iately been overcome, ft is stated, by considerations of old age and probable death of either of them. They are now both fifty. nine years old, despite the jovial remark of the larger that he had no way of accounting for the dif. ference in their size except upon the hypothesis that he was some six months older than his brother. The questions that now present themselves to their minds are:—Should one contract disease will the other necessarily be affected thereby? Should death ensue in one willgit come as 4 Rap eo to the other? The prevalent opinion among medical men, and the opular impression abroad ete that while fi ences there hey su} t two separate physical exis is bat one vet of vera one and mental conditions; in a word, that there is an entire union of the life EGRaR fe tebe Gat" ae enasg the con’ n itching desire to sunder the NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JULY 6, 1868—1RIPLE SHEET. rt prove true. They have agreed to submit their ies, perhaps their lives, to an experiment which finds a spring in curiosity alone. The apprentice who cut open the bellows to see where tne wind came from was not half so morbidly affected as are those scientists who desire to pry into the soul at the expense of life, in search of that which sustains life. What can it matter to the Siamese twins whether they are inseparably joined or not? A few years will rove tt. Ifdisease or death In the one will inevi- ly produce it in the other, then they are payelically one, and the knife of the Parisian doctor that incises the cord that binds them will be stained with their life’s biood. If the contrary proves true, then they need have no fears from those sources, for they are existences, and disease in one will not ne- affect the other, and their deaths need not be simultaneous, Under these circumstances science can afford to wait a few years for the gratification of her curiosity; for the solution of the problem will tu the future be as complete as the dash of any Frencb surgeon can now make it. AN INDIAN TRAGEDY. Romantic History of the Expletts and Charac- terof a Famous Chippewa Warrier Chic His Death by Assassination. (From the St. Paul (Minn.) Press, June £1, We received yesterday a telegram from St. Cloud announcing the fact that Hole-in-the-Day, the famous head chief of the Mississippi Chippewas, as he as- sumed to be, and the bravest warrior, had been as- sassinated by three of the Pillager band of Chip- pewas. We have since received the following par- ticulars of the manner of his death:— On Saturday last, between two and three o'clock in the afternoon, three Chippewas, called Leech Lake or Pillager Indians, called at his house and asked where he was; his women replied that he had gone to Crow Wing. The Indians appropriated three of his guns and wentto Gull river, a short distance above Crow Wing. They saw him and another In- dian coming, riding in a buggy, and hid in the bushes on a knoll by the roadside. As the busy passed them and went down the slope they fired at the back of the foe they feared to face, all their charges taking effect in their victim. The other Indian sprang out of the buggy and fied, when these Indians dragged Hole-in-the-Day to the ground, and to make sure work stabbed him in sev- eral places. They then took the horse and buggy and made their escape. The dead body of the murdered chief was first dis- covered by Mr. Charles A. Rusfee, who is now at the Chippewa Agency. We are not apprised of the motives which induced this assassination of Hole-in-the-Day, but it may per- haps be attributed to an old jealousy of Hole-in-the Day which the Pillagers have especially entertained toward him on account of his assumption of being the head chief of the Mississippi band of Chip- pewas—a pretension which they by no means tolerated, for the reason that they regarded the honors of that mythical royalty as belonging more legitimately to their own chief. Hole-in-the-Day was regarded by them asa parvenu—a kind of usurper—but hia pretensions have always been supported with so much boldness, a he has won such pre-eminence as a warrior, that they have not heretofore dared openly to con: test his position, No doubt this old jealousy has been fanned by recent circumstances. Hole-in-the- Day has been accustomed to play a coment, part in all treaty negotiations with the Mississippi Chip- pewas, and from long practice had become a cunning and unscrupulous intriguer, skilled in all the myste- ries of Indian diplomacy. He was the leading spirit in the recent treaties for new reservations made with that tribe, and probably some discontent of the Pil- lagers, on this account, may have instigated the as- sault—though for that matter Hole-in-the-Day has had private quarrels enongh on his hands any day for many years to have killed a hundred other men, Hote-in-the-Day was in some respects one of the most extraordinary characters in Indian history. There was something almost romantic in his reck- less daring on the war path. He was the Chippewa Cid, or Coeur de Lion, from the gleam of whose bat- tleaxe whole armies of Saracen Sioux fled as before an irresistible fate, His exploits would fill a book. His father, of the same name, was a great warrior, who had conquered the chiefship of his tribe by his bravery in combat and his wisdom in council. The old chief Hole-in-the-Day was killed in the spring of 1847, while crossing Flat river in a Red river cart. You Hole-in-the-Day, then known as ‘The Boy”’—he was about nineteen years of age—was not slow in assuming the position his father had held. By his bravery in war he soon gained ali and more than his father's influence over his tribe, and sus- tained all his pretensions to Ler ppc The following incidents are interesting as showing the first steps in the public life of the young Indian chief and the uliar arts by which he acquired his commanding influence :— In June, 1847, pours Hole-in-the-Day, who then lived in an Indian village near Watab, above Sauk rapids, in Laslett with one of our prominent old settlers, came down to Pig's Eye, to get a medal be- longing to his deceased father. On their way down they met a man sent up by the Sioux agent to notify the Chippewas that they must not come down, as the Sioux were highly excited in consequence of one of their chiefs having just been murdered by a Chippewa. Hole-in-the-Day was told that he better turn back. He replied that he would not go to Fort Snelling, where the Sioux were, but would come down and stay at the house of a half- breed friend, ore back In the iin | His friend went to Mendota and stayed over night, and next morning went to the fort, where, to hia sur- rise, he found Hole-in-the-Day walking alone in ‘ont of the main entrance. He asked him why he was there, and told him that his life was in great le replied, ‘‘ My father walked here, and I like to walk where he did." ‘The Sioux chiefs held a council at the agency just outside the fort to see what was to be done in conse- quence of the murder. Most of the oMcers attended, and Hole-in-the-Day insisted on being present to hear what was said, Soon after this he came down alone, croased to the Little Crow’s village, shot a Sioux and went home alone in broad daylight. His first appearance in public was at Fond du Lac, Wis., in July, 1547, At that time the upper country of the Mississippi, extending to Lake Superior, was owned by the Chippewas of Lake Superior and the Chippewas of the Mississippi. The Chippewas of Lake Superior were represented in force. The Chip- pewas of the Mississippi, headed by Hole-in-the-Day, owing to the great distance they had to travel, had but a small delegation in attendance. Hole-in-the- Day was late in reaching the council ground. Prior to his coming several talks were held with the Indians, in which they admitted that they had allowed Hole-in-the-Day’s father to take the lead in their councils, but said that were he then alive they would make him take @ back seat; that his son was @ mere boy, and were he there he would have nothing to say, consequently it was useless to wait for him. The commissioners, who were our fellow citizen, Mr. Henry M. Rice, and Isaac A. Verplanck, of Buffalo, however, thought differently and waited. After the araival of Hole-in-the-Day the counct! was formally opened, The commissioners stated their business and requested a reply from the Indians. Hole-in- pesecigns Adon led up tothe stand by two of his braves and FaTHEeRs—The country our great father sent you to purchase belongs to me. It was once my fa- ther’s. He took it from the Sioux. He, by his bravery, made himself the head chief of the Chippewa nation. lam a greater man than my father was, for I as brave as he was and on my mother’s side | am the hereditary head chief of the nation. Thé land you want belongs tome. If I say sell, our great father will have it. If I say not seil, he will do without it. Those indians that you see behind me have notbing to say about it. To this, speech all the Indians present gave hearty and audible assent. The change in the face of thi at the appearance of Hole te.the-Dag. bravery and manding infuen yu somewhat amusing. Here were powerful chiefs of all the Chippewa tribes, some of them seventy or eighty years old, who before his coming spoke sneer- ingly ot him as a boy who could have no voice in the council, saying there was no use in waiting for him, but when before him became his most submissive and obedient subjects; and this in @ treaty in which @ million of acres of land was ceded. ‘The terms of the treaty were concluded between the commissioners and young Hole-in-the-Day alone. The latter, after this was done, withdrew, and sent word to the chiefs of the Mississippi and Lake Supe- rior bands to go and sign it. After it had been daly signed by the commissioners and chief head men and warriors, and witnessed by the interpreters and other persons present, Hole-in-the-Day, who had not been present at ‘these little formalities,” called Ce the commissioners with two of his attendant chicfs, and had appended to the treaty the following words :— “I approve of this treaty and consent to the same, August 3, 1847, Fond du Lac. se 40-NE-SHIK, or PO- HOLE-IN-THE-DAY, his X mark." He inherited the traits of hia father, who was noble, generous and brave, but treacherous as well. His father once entertained several chiefs, and the same night, while they were sleeping in his lodge, murdered them. Young Hole-in-the-Day was jealous of a young half-breed, a man of education. Ona certain occasion this f-breed called upon Hole-in- the-Day and rewarked about a fine pistol the latter possessed. The chief replied, “Would you like to see it? and handed it toward the half-breed, when it went offand killed him. [t is believed that the shooting was not purely accidental, Hole-in-the-Day made a treaty in 1854 in which the Indian country was divided between the Chippewas of Lake Superior and the Chippewas of Mississippi. Since then his influence has been principally among the Chippewas of the Mississippi. He has made many other treaties, and his influence in Indian affairs was prominent. He made his influence In negotiations tell to his own personal advantage, and he managed, it is said, to extort very considerable sums as the price of his favor. He spent with profusion, for he was as great & prodigal as he was a warrior. Disdaining the humble bark wigwams of his tribe he lived in a good house near Crow Wing, and kept horses, and sur- rounded himself, while his means lasted, with luxuries. He kept posted in the affairs of the nation by taking the St. Paul Press, of which he was a regu- lar subscriber, and other papers, which he had read to him by an interpreter on every day of their arrival. He had the proverbial Indian coolness, On the occasion of his first ride on the cars—the train going at the rate of forty miles an hour—he was asked what he thought of railroads. He replied that they were about as he expected, but that they did not go as faat as he supposed. Hole-in-the-Day was about forty years of age. He was, like all the rest of his tribe who can afford the expensive luxury, & gamist, and in the course of his life bas iad ‘soterat Indian wives successively and at the same time. fis last wife, for whose sake he abandoned his seragito, white woman, whom he eacountered aud marrigd @ reas or two ago on one of his frequent trips to Washington. One of hia di vers was educated at the Catholic schoo! in this city. He was in the city @ few weeks ago, and left with a friend a statement of the manner in which the Indians had been treated by the government agents—a sure sign that Hole-in-the-Day’s treasu needed replenishing. We might fill columns with narratives of the exploits in which Hole-'n-the-Day has figured as the hero, but we postpone this to an- other time, FOREIGN SCIENTIFIC ITEMS, About twenty Gallo-Roman tombs have been dis covered in s fleld near Toulouse, France. Each one contained a body, which crumbled to dust on the ad- mission of the air, and a mqnogram was found stamped on the bricks of which the tomb was bullt, The bodies were placed on bricks placed on edge. An interesting archeological discovery has been made ina railway cutting at Pont de Pierre, not far from Chalons-sur-Saone. At three feet below the surface of the ground a group of thirteen skeletons was found ina narrow space and wonderfully pre- served. They seem to be the bones of full grown men who had died in battle. Oneevidently had been decapitated. The skeleton of a woman has been dis- covered among the others. Between the jaws of one of the dead was found an obolus which the friend of the defunct had doubtless slipped in to enable the departed to pay his fare to Charon. A coin, very mu ch defaced, but still seen to bear the eMgy of the Emperor Gordian, was also picked up among these remains, which leads to the conclusion that 1,700 years have elapsed since they were there interred, The French Academy of Sciences has receiv#d a highly interesting paper from M. Flammarion on a series of meteorological observations made during ten balloon excursions, some of which lasted from fourteen to fifteen hours. They all took place under different atmospheric circumstances, by day as well as by night, early in the morning and late in the evening. The author had two balloons at his dis- posal; one belonging to the Emperor and of a capa- city of 21,600 cubic feet, and the other pertaining to M. Godard and measuring 82,400 cubic feet. The latter gentleman was entrusted with the management of the ascent on all occasions, One of the results ob- tained by M. Flammarion is most remarkable, and may be stated thus:—“The humidity of the atmo- sphere increases from the surface of the soilfo a certain altitude, when it attains its maximum; from this point upwards it decreases steadily. The zone of greatest moisture varies in altitude according to the hour of the day, the time of the year and the state of the weather.” It is very seldom found ata short distance from the earth, and then mainly at day- break, Its lowest point was in one case observed to be at 150 metres (about 450 feet) from the ground; on another occasion the distance was 1,100 metres, and these may for the present be considered the two extreme altitudes between which (his zone may vary. M. Flammarion notices another curious fact, an extraordinary difference of temperature between the strata of the atmosphere that are in the shade and those exposed to the solar rays. For instance, on one occasion, at an altitude of 10,000 feet, the thermometer, placed at the bottom ofthe car, and, therefore, in the shade, marked eight degrees centi- grade, while the reading of that m the sun was twenty-three degrees, a difference of fifteen between two strata little more than five feet apart from each other, Ata still greater clevation (12,450 feet) a few days later the variation between the two tempera. tures rose to twenty degrees centigrade, the feet of the aeronauts being benumbed with cold at nine and a half degrees below freezing point, while their faces and shoulders were comfortably warm at ten a half above. This effect M, Flammarion attributes to the diminution of moisture in the upper strata, whence he concludes that the preservation of solar heat at the surface of the soil is owing to the aqueous vapor that envelopes it, At alate sitting of the French Photographic So- ciety M. Marion described certain modifications he had introduced tnto the carbon process, at the same time producing specimens of the gelatinized carbon paper he uses for the purpose, and which he sensi- tizes by Cte? it for two minutes into a solution of six grams bichromate of potash for every hun- dred grams of water, after which it is hung up to dry. When this paper has received an image from negative by an insolation which may last from two to ten minutes, according to the state of the weather, it {s taken out of the printing frame and put into cold water, which ia often renewed for the space of an hour. The gelatine swells po in this bath, and the image appears in relief on the black pee coating after the uncombined bichromate as been washed away. So far the operation is carried on in the dark; the rest may be done in diffused day- light. M. Marion now takes a piece of albumenized paper prepared without salt, and floats {t wrong side down on pure water; he next applies the carbon fone to it, #o as to bring the black gelatine into con- ot with the albumen. e two pieces of paper are taken out simultaneously, sticking to each other, eee between two glass p! and thus subjected the pressure of a somew! heavy weight for about two hours. The adhering leaves are then hung up to dry, and when perfectly #0 they subjected to the action of steam ina box hermetically closed. By this ration the albumen is coagulated, and the latine left in its soluble state; and now the separa- tion of the two leaves may be effected by putting them into hot water. The bichromated gelatine which ts still uncombined is dissolved, leaving the image on the albumenized “¢g perfectly visible and unalterably Oxed; it may further developed by keeping it some time longer in water at a temper- ature of from forty to fifty degrees centigrade, the image being turned face aownward. By this pro- cess the print comes out reversed; to avoid this, the negative itself must be so, which is obtained by transporting it upon a collodionized pellicle appliea to the surface by means of a varnish, and pi or when dry. M. Chapeias-Coulvier-Gravies sent in a paper on the falling stars of January last. Hitherto, in following up the hypothesis of a swarm of meteorites moving in an ellipse round the sun the only elements taken into ac- count have been those of August and November; our author has endeavored to bring in daily observations as well, and from the calculations thus obtained he deduces the elements of the presumed ellipse as follows:—Eccentricity, 30 deg. 41 min.; major axis, 98 deg. 56 min.; conjugate ditto, 69 deg. 30 min.; in- clination, E. 8. E.—A letter from M. Borelli, of Mar- seilles, addressed to M. Leverrier, announced the discovery of a new small planet {he 99th) on the 28th ult. at 26 min. 61 sec, past ten P. M. (the nature of the time not stated). The position ts ke ge as follows:—Right ascension, . 24 min. 7.92 sec.; polar distance, 99 deg. 5 m. 49.11 sec.; fourteenth magnitude: horary motion in R. A. 0.63 sec.; in N. declination 17.5 sec. The current number of the proceedings of the Royal ar Institution of London contains a de- scription of the American tube wells, which have done guch good services in Abyssinia and are likely henceforth to be supplied as articles of engineering equipment for all military operations. From this and other sources it is possible to gather a pretty good idea of the arrangement of the apparatus and of the method of working it. The well consists of a number of hollow Iron tubes, one and one-fourth inch- es in internal and about two inches in external diam- eter. These tubes are screwed or jointed her until @ sufficient | jh i Obtained to penetrate to the required dept! e first, or pioneer joint, so to call it, ts eleven feet in length and is pointed at the end which first enters the ground. Above the point, to @ distance) of two and a half feet, the tube is perforated with a number of little holes in #ix parallel rows. To sink a weil a vertical hole i# made in the ground with crowbar, and into this the pointed tube is inserted. ‘The tube ts driven into the ground by means of a “monkey,” which falls upon an tron clamp firmly screwed around the outside of the pipe. At a conve- nient height above the clamp are fixed a couple of pulle: through each of which @ rope is rove and attached to the monkey, which is worked by two men, care being taken to pull the ropes uniformly and at the same angle, so as not to incline the pipe. Sometimes the assistance of a third man Is called in to stet ‘monkey.’’ When the pipe is driven in so far that the clamp touches the ground, the posi- tion of the clamp and ge are shifted high on the tube. During {ts descent the latter juentiy turned around to facilitate its through the soil, When the first length has — pe p 3 bye _ 3 will, 50 jonger carry the pulleys, a piece of tubing about six feet long is Polnied on te it. The connection is effected by means of asmal! piece of pipe three feet long and equal in external diameter to the internal diameter of the pipe to be attached, into which it is brazed for a length of eighteen inches, and from which it consequentiy projects the sane distance. The gee pipe enters what we may call No. 1 tube. ¢ pulleys are clamped on to No. 2tube ata convenient height, and “the driving is continued until the first tube is driven nearly home, when the clamp, monkey, &c., are removed and an additional length is screwed on by means of a col- lar.” The driving then proceeds as before, the loos. ening effect on the joints of the continual jars pbs remedied by Peony screwing them up during thi process of driving. ‘The well is occasionally sounded with a small lead line to ascertain the depth of water, character of rubbish, &c., which may have found its way through the holes of No. 1tube. Sometimes the obstruction has to be removed before a supply of pure water can be obtained. In this case a pipe of smaller diameter is introduced into the main tubing to within a very short distance of the obstructing material (as determined by the lead line). A pump being attached to the top, water is poured down the main tube, and pumped up the minor tube, gradu- ally washing away the surface of the rubbish until the well is clear. When the tube is free a small ump, weighing twenty-four pounds, is fixed on to Ihe top joint, and water pumped up as desired, At first the water ia frequently turbid and discolored, but by degrees it becomes clearer and ultimately drinkal ane weight of tubing for a twenty feet weil is fifty-six pounds, of the pump (as we have stated) twenty-four p unds, and of the stores, including the monkey), one hundred and forty-two pounds. Five men are generally required to sink a well quickly, four (in two reliefs) for working the monkey, and & fifth to superintend, and, if necessary, to steady the monkey. When the pipes are required to be with- drawn one of two methods can be ay tpg the position of clamp and monkey can be reversed, the latter striking upwards, or the pipes can be ex- tracted by means ofa chain and lever. Specimens of these simple and ingenious wells have been exhib: ited at the Agricultural Hall. It has, we believe, been found possible to apply therm even in very rocky pe uy afford a means _ ge | water = ex] 0 eaaily ry an auy other known syateta ‘ot welt ning. Tue time occupied in securing & supply of water will vary obviousl with the devth of the well and the uature of the agil. It {n moderately lawd soil a twenty fect well may be sunk in about two hours.—Pall Mall Gaze(te At the last meeting of the Royal Geographical 40- ciety of London a paper was read “On a posed scientific exploration of Centra! Australia,” by G. Neumayer, late director of the Melbourne Obser- vatory. In this memoir the author described a plan which he was desirous 0.’ carrying out, of exploring nearly the whoie of the interior of Australia by aa expedition to enter at Port Denison, on the east coast, to proceed in a south Westerly direction to the centre of the continent, near the Finke river of Stu- art, and thence to traverse the unknown westera Portion by an angular course to Swan river. The expedition was to consist of twenty-flve men, in- cluding seven professional gentlemen, to attend to the various branches of science, ind was to be con- ducted on the system of estabfishing successive depots, or temporary headquarters, at intervals of two hundred or three hundred miles, whence the neighboring country could be explored in various directions, It was estimated to cost £21,535, and occupy three and a half years in its completion. Part of the cost, he hoped, would be borne by the home government, the Aua- tralian colonies supplying the rest. after the read- ing of the paper Professor Owen advocated Dr. Neumayer’s scheme in an eloquent speech on natural history grounds, anticipating great accessions to our knowledge of the peculiar fauna of Australia from 80 shokiugh an exploration as that proposed, He thought it not unlikely that some of the colossal marsupial animals known in a fossil state from recent formations might still be living in the un- known interior. The old argument, ‘nothing like leather,” has just been brought forward in an amusing form by Mr. G. J. Guntner, who has entered the lists as a patentee of improvements in armor plates of complicated and expensive section, in order to be able to present @ smooth face to the enemy. He maintains not only that his improved plates would prove valuable in marine warfare, but that they would also be applicable in the battie- fleld. After pointing out the advantages of armor-Plated locomotives, in comparison witiv caponiéres or turrets, he asks:—‘‘What army, be ib even the very best organized of the now existing ones, could withstand the attack of an enemy whose advance is assisted by a judiciously distributed num- ber of armor-plated fighting locomotives or traction engines, each one of which is scattering death and destruction along its road, while at the same time tt ig perfectly unassailable to any hoatile force?” But this is not the only novelty due to-Mr. Gunther, for he also proposes cigar shaped steam rams, and the building of high armor-plated watch towers, in electro-telegraphic communication with each other— the distance between them forming a base line by which the exact distance of the enemy could be determined trigonometrically. The towers are also to serve as aeronautical stations, the centra! balloon connected with the bomb balloons being anchored to the top of them. A curious phenomenon, common in Africa, but ex- cessively rare tn Europe, was recently observed at Aumale, France. The day had been very warm and stormy, when a few moments before sunset the firmament towards the west assumed the appear ance similar to that of the aurora borealis, Then & singular panorama presented itself in the clouds to the spectators: first, a dense forest, with high mountains, having a lake surrounded by trees; then after a few seconds a valley and wooded incline, crossed by avenues, which proved to be a per reflection of @ property situated at about four in! distance, and not visible from that spot. The patha were distinctly marked and the sand shone quite brilliant, but the foliage and grass appeared as cov- ered by Snow, to which the rays of the sun lent quite a fairy tout ensemble. Two rainbows, intersecting each other, were seen in the opposite direction, and the phenomenon lasted fully twenty minutes. The Austrian government has at last resolved that the so long projected expedition into Centra! Asia shall leave Triste about the end of next August. The diplomatic direction of the mission is confided to Mr. Scherzer, to whom great credit is given for a sta- tistical and commercial work on the voyage of cir- cumnavigation of the Novara. M. Daraon, engineer of the Gas Company of Paria, has been for some time engaged in the study of tho most effectual method of preserving the compass on board iron ships from atmospherical influences, It ba ae that a copper rail so placed as to divide the ship in two equal proportions {is sufficient for this purpose. An interesting discovery has just been made in Belgium. Three days back a portion of the flooring of the stables at the military schoo! of Namur gave way beneath the feet of the horses, precipitating them into a chasm about ten fect deep. On the rub- bish being cleared away some of the pupils descended with torches, and found subterranean passages branching off in various directions, and which proved to be the vaults of the former abbey of Saint Jacques of Caudenburg. An exploration in the direction of the King’s palace brought to light the place of burtat of the clergy, and tn a more remote corner was found @ mausoleum bearing the date 1481, and a Latin in- scription showing that the monument had been raised to the memory of the Archduke Francia, in- fant son of the Emperor Maximilian and Marie de Bourgogne. The leaden coffin containing the body was at the foot of the mausoleum,,which was of white marble and surmounted with a child siceping, the head on a pillow, and with a lion at the feet. Many members of the medical profesaton in South- ampton, England, have formed a committee for the area of stipulating higher remuneration for at- ndance on clubs. In order to enforce their they agree to refuse to attend clubs that will not the required fees, or to fill ofMces rendered vacant by reason of such fees having been demanded. Trade unions are now the order of the day, but a profes- stonal co-opetation 1s quite new. Should eatrixe occur what will the sick do? At @ recent meeting of the Academy of Sciences in Paris M. L. Sauvage sent in a paper on a question of some importance, viz:—Whether ether exercises any action on todides by setting lodine at lberty. He shows that Che ether will readily combine with the latter base when free, it will not decompose its combination, contrary to M. Houzeau's asseruion. A paper was received from M. E. Robert on the question whether there really exist such enormous cephalopoda (molusks which, on @ small acale, are represented by the cuttlefish), as would be able to enlance @ man, and even a whale, in the folds of their tentacles. He quotes Pliny, who cer- tainly describes @ monstrous creature of this size, which used to out of the sea at C: which it required many men, armed with tridenta, to kill, Again, M. Valenciennes had seen a tic: tentacle, of the size of @ barrel, foat in the sea near the Mauritius, and latterly M. Robert himself had seen in & Japanese book certain very well executed wood cuts representing the capture of a I “pulp!” of the same description. In short, he thinks the matter ought to be inquired into, M. Saix sent in « per on the artificial production of black, colorless and colored diamonds. If a current of chlorine be made to pass through ¢: on when in @ state of fusion perchloride of iron 13 formed, which disap- peara by evaporation, leaving the carbon of the metal at liberty in a crystallized State, say whether he has tried the experi FOREIGN ART ITEMS. In order to benefit the teachers of art, during the late Paris Exhibition, the Committee of Council on Education of Great Britain granted £5 sterling to- wards the expenses of any who wished to vi it, and £2 additional for any report such teacher might make, or for any beneficial « from the study of the Exhibition. A prize of was awarded for the best report, £16 for the second and £10 for the third best report. 101 art teachers visited the Exhibition and twenty-eight reports were ap- proved of by the committee. Two amber mouthpieces for Turkish pipes, or chiboucks, were sold lately in Paris. They were encircled with gold and ornamented with diamonds, and realized respectively $704 and $610. A valuable collection was recently sold in London, consisting of Sevres, Dresden, V! and Berlin porcelain, miniatures, enamels, &c., mene which were the following:—A beantiful old Dresden cabaret, deep blue and gold, painted with classical figures, trophies and cupids, in richly gilt borders, consisting of seven sold for $360; a beautiful Vienna cabaret, richly gilt and painted, with clas sical figures tn medaliions and ara’ ines on pink, blue and lavender ground, consisting of five pieces, apd atwo handled cup and cover, nearly similar, for $293; & large two handled cup, carved with shells, in high relief; a pair of vases and covers, carved with scroll ornaments, the handles formed lizards, and a beautiful sheil-sh: with enamelled silver, for § chased with the hn ond fraits and crowns, and graved with inscriptions and a portrait of the press Catharine; the companion cup and a fine large ditto, parcel gilt, engraved with fruits and festoons, hi with the imperial eagie, the outaide covered witb characters in nielio, for $325; a fine group of Europa on the Bull, on large oval stand, embossed with frnits, for $285 oblong box of cut ateel, with equestrian gu military trophies and cam) scenes on gold ground, lined and mounted with gold, for $250; an oval Louis XIV. box, enamelled with classical figures in chased gold, with scroll borders, for $ a fine oblong box, with light blue panels, in enamelled borders, an oval enumel of two figures on the lid, and a beautiful oval box, with pink panels in chased and enametied borders, an ovai medallion of @ nymph and Cupid on the lid, for $600; a very fine Italian IMptych of ivory, carved with six anb- Jecta from the iife of Christ, in high relief, under Gothic arcades, for $400, &c. ‘The collection of paintings belonging to the late M. Henri Didier was recentiy sold in Paris. The thirty-three pictures realized in ail $24,000, and in- cluded eight by Decamps, which sold for $6,096 as «1 cup, mounted a Russian cu Bonnington for $400; four by Diaz, $2,270; Pond in the Wood,” by Jules Dupré, for 3a. 160: two eau for $1,344. Five by Metssonier sold aa * for $3,320; “The Nephew The Young Draughisman,"* The Gentleman of the time of Hen ch of a female portrait .,"" for $1, for $940. ‘The fine collection of old Dutch and Flemish pic- tures belonging to the late Marchioness de Rodes was recently sold tn Paris, among which were the following Nountry Scene,” by Albert Cuyp, sold for fe ‘Saint Mariha imploring Christ in favor of the Inhabitants of Ta:ascon,”’ by Van Dyck, for 1,900; “A Street in Leyden,” by J. Van Der Heyden, for $1,800; “A Young Lady at her Toilette,” by (. Metzer, for $4,000; ‘The Good Mother,” by Mieris, for $3,080; “Effect of Moonshine,” by Aart Van Der Neer, for $1,400; “The Winder,” by J. Van Ostad for $1,820; “The Spinner,’ by 1). Teniers the aon, 1,990; “A Marine View, by W. Van, De Fel 0," ouwerman, 9.900: "9 ,”” . Wynants and 2,200: “A Country bg tne wale ole Pealtaed £96,900. niltp Wonwerman, for $1, of twonty-cigut pictures