The New York Herald Newspaper, May 30, 1868, Page 4

4 = EUROPE. Tho Religious and Political Agi- tation in Ireland. French Opinion of Free Trade and the One Man Rule and Power. Pope Pius the Ninth in Active War Movement. By special correspondence and newspaper reports from Europe we have the following interesting de- tails of our cable telegrams to the 16th of May. IRELAND. G, F. Train’s Departure from Cork—The Church Disendawment Agitation—A Clergy- man Threatened with Death—Tactics of the Religioniste—Fenianism in a Municipal Bedy. Cong, May 16, 1868. George Francis Train left this cityon Wednesday night for Dublin. He was accompanied by Mr. Dil- lon, his agent, who has instituted legal proceedings against the directors of the Protestant Hall for ‘breach of agreement. The venue is laid in Dublin, and damages are put down at £500, Train’s appear- ance again in Cork created no excitement whatever, and nobody went to see him depart. ‘The Rev. Mr. Callis, rector of the Protestant church at Queenstown, received a letter threatening him with death in the event of the Bible depot at Queenstown not being closed, It is dated Cork, May 12, ami to the following purport :— Your doom! Please yourself—tive or die, (Skull and cross bones. As the lot has fallen on me, Iam in honor, and un- der pain of death, bound to carry out our design. I hogeby ell you that if the Bible depot at Queenstown, of Which you are the Father, is not shut up within four days from this date you shall be shot through the head without delay. myer ey! A Gbop ‘CATHOLIC. Such is the state of religious feeling between Cath- olics and Protestants, brought about by Fenianism and the almost disestablishment of the State Church. That “brighter future” for Ireland does not certainly yet appear in the distance, On the receipt of the letter the reverend gentleman made a codicil to his will, giving £1,000 to the Irish Cherch Missions, on condition that after his death the operations of the Society should be maintained in Queenstown. The document has been utterly Ie ps diated by the Catholics of Queenstown, where it has created ‘intense excitement, and they taunt the Pro- testants themselves with being accessory to the af- fair. At all events, it has been an admirable stroke for the learned doctor, as it has brought him into favor and co uence again among his parishion- ers, which he lad recently lost by speaking immor- ally of the women of Queenstown who belong to the Catholic faith, At a special meeting of the town commissioners of Nenagh, the second chief town of ‘Tipperary, held on the 13th inst., for the purpose of pussing a vote of thanks to Mr. Gladstone for his efforts to disendow the State Church in Ireland, the resolution having ‘Deen moved and about to be pet from the chair, Mr. Gill, a former candidate for the representation of the County in Parllament, rose and said:—I beg to en- dorse every word of the resolution, so far as it goes; a it does not ca lee tees an it be this time, en our coun! jes ing from the great gash in her throat, that we are to get a “remedial nea sure” inthe shape of disendowment? The peasantry of our country, “our country’s pride.” are fleet from our beautiful shores, the victims of bad tan laws. The fairest daughters of poor Ireland run’ about with dishevelled Jocks as. they wituess the wreck and ruin brought upon their once peaceful homes by the combined operutions of bad laws and ‘Worse landiords, And is this bantling of Gladstone, the place-hunter, and Bright, his lieutenant, to be the only panacea for poor, blessed Ireland, pour- ing out her heart’s blood to-day in English dun- maid Is the disestablishment of the Protestant hurch to bring back the haicyon days of oid Ire- land? Isthis to be—— (Interruptious.) Mr. Gill-— It is indecent of members to interrupt me. 1 have an amendment to propose. You have no right to interrupt me. (Cries of “Order,” cheers, groans and hisses.) Mr. Gillconcluded a characteristic speech by moving that the following be added to the resolu- ion proposed by Mr. Pine:—“And that we feel at the same time that the peopie of ireland will not be contented until the farmers are protected by a full, fair and honest Tenant Right bill.” The amendment was seconded by Mr. McCraith, and rejected by a majority of seven to four, Mr. Cruise declining to vote, assigning, as his reason, that it was “all a humbag, and one was as good a8 the other.” (Laughter) The resolution was then put from the chair and carried amid applause, groans and great confusion. * Mr. Gill again rose and said—Is the resolution car- ried and my amendment ected? Very well, | will now see what ve are. J will now test you. (‘ Order”? and great confusion.) Iam now going to say some- thing which Mr. Gladstone has said in the House of Commons, aud what Lord Mayo said also, | would say myeelf if I had a seat in that House. 1 will see what you are. | how propose—“That we pass a vote of thanks to the diferent members of the Fenian Brotherhvod now incarcerated in English dungeons, and that we commiserare their sad fate in suffering for r old ireland, (Great uproar.) Sarroli~Are you serious, Mr. Gill? li—You have no right to ask such a question. s. Mr. Gladstone— ‘The remerks of Mr. Gill were not further listened fw, the meubers leaving in hurried confusion, it being reports’ that the police were sent for and Would urrest the entire body, FRANCE. The Free Trade Question in the Legislature— Proicction Advocated—Commercial Depres« sion at the Manafacturing CentresInflue ence on Finance—Lessons from the United States. The French Legislative Body met on the 12th of May, M. Schneider in the chair. ‘The order of fue day Was the discussion or the interpeilations relative to the results of the present commercial system in France. M. KoLv-Bernanp sald:—The sovereign question of the national industry is involved in this discus sion. The situation is a most serious one, and ts the Tesult of both material and moral canses. The ex- ‘ent of the disaster is shown by the lowness of prices, by the suspension of labor and by the depreciation of immobilized capital, which often represents the en- tire fortune of the manufacturer, Those diminutions amount to from twenty to twenty-five per cent in the resources of the great centres of industry, especially omen Where the Chamber of Commerce estl- mates the loss at not leas than 200,000,000. ‘The sum Of 1,200,000,000f. lying an in the bank cel- lars 8 an eloquent proof of the discouragement which paratyzes trade. To \nsist further on the extent of the evil would be supertuous, What must be done is to seek out the origin of it and to apply a remedy. Among the causes must be mentioned in the first place @ want of stability. Pro, is, no doubt, the glorions law of humanity when it ad. vances with prudence, at the same time improving and preserving; but there is another kindof pro. gress, that which marches forward, armed with some UI idea, disdaining experience, arsuiny amidst ruins the most rous innovations, an which confounds agitation with movement and ste- bility with stagnation. Other causes of the same nature have contributed to the embarrassment !n the financial situation which is rendering necessary in. creased taxes, and is even impeding the action of free trade itself. The first ition af commercial ! We ask it from you in the name of the coun! i lz FE i i 5! ® f i He i i i 4 He i i nee I ports to foreign i increased by o| tens t Free rade, fa spite of its pretension de- sree rae ctia fanniutantorise tendered. meccesety tr manu! it are an rmountable obstacle to Gemocratis tne See also the situation of the iron masters in Roubaix which thirty-four last year. Ask also of the shipyards of Bare, Honfleur and Nantes what has become of their industry in consequence of forei competition. No, free trade has not promises; it has neither given cheapness nor new markets. The United States, wi hada hitherto been the great oulfall for European nanufactures, are now surrounding themselves with the varrier of protection, The American people, 80 often quoted as Seared marching at the head of progress, ‘has not to shelter itself behind that solia wali af China so often Some English writers have spoken of war in the event of a rupture of the treaty. But did that convention procure us the aid of England in Italy, in the affairs of Mexico or of Germany? Eng- land has everywhere been guided by her inierests in Spite of our treaty of commerce. Belgium and Prus- same, and our commercial act with the latter power was signed on lhe eve of Sa- dowa, Italy, also, with her proverbial ingratitude, is making every eifort to tnd a support against us. (Movements in opposite senses.) ‘The principal vice of the chimerical doctrine of free trade is to tend to the ruin of the weak and to the parenting predominance of the strong. Can there be imagined a more serious injury to the interests of the country than the aban- donment of a sure market of forty millions of con- sumers under the pretext of an uncertain compensa- tion abroad? It is true that an unrestricted applica- tion of free trade is not advocated; the pretension is to aceite only the beer Some and tee the national industry by sufficient but moderate duties. But the reality is an absolute free trade with tts menaces to the future. What is the situation of the cotton manuiacture, and of that of fine yarn in par- cular? While in England, since 1860, it has in- creased by 4,000,000 spindies, and in America by 2,000,000, i has decreased in Flanders, in Normandy and in Alsace; the purchases of cotton at Havre, which, in 1860, amounted to 12,000 baies, has now falien toa few hundred only. ‘the manufacture of net in the Cambresis, its principal seat, has de- creased eighty-eight per cent. Need I speak of the 3,500 looms at Roubaix, which have ceased wor! out of 10,000, or of the extension in the importation of English line, which, from 134 tons in 1852, has now increased to 1,600 tons. The exportation of French Woollen goods has fallen from a value of 4,000,000 francs in 1865, to 900,000 francs in 1867, while the Eng lish umports have increased by 100 per cent. How is silence to be Imposed on the sufferings of the iron trade, for which, in the treaty of commerce, the Emperor reserved a special protection? ‘To the Mteierd of @ disastrous present are added limited fears as respects the future. Is it pos- sible or is is desired to alter this deplorable condition of things? If the future is to be saved the treaties of commerce which weigh upon it must be abolished and Parliament be invested with the power of mi ing the tari, as in England, Belgium and throughout all ae My programme is this:— Abroad peace and public law; at home conservative progress, that of the revolution nowhere. The only ible means of calming the country are to be found in the intervention of the legislature by halt- ing in the course recently pursued, Pe pe! — faults and protecting the national industry. may be done, but does the government desire ise an of its manufactures, which constitute a pubilc in- terest and one of the elements of our greatness; in the name of the one classes Who are supporting the crisis with admirable calmness, confiding in the solicitude of the government. And as this confidence finds its guarantee m the humanity still more than in the interest of the latter, it cannot be misplaced. De ag peen from several benches.) . DE TILLANCOURT confined his argument to the singie point of agricultural production. The com- mercial treaty, he said, cannot now be abro; A but free trade, which would render war difficult, has been ill ar The cultivation of the soil has not been suificiently protected. If a quintal more of wheat were produced per hectare France would be fully provisioned by herown production. The manu- facturer can litatt his operations according to the circumstances of the market, and can choose his own time; besides, his returns are rapid. Far differ- ent is it with the humble and needy agricultur who has to depend upon the seasons and conten against his want of resources. The complaints of the French cultivators have been neglected. But we have been told that the higher price of wheat in consequence of recent bad harvests is a compensa- ton. This is a mistake. Under such circumstances the consumption di @ fixed quantity has always io be reserved for , and the cost of pro- duction is tue same whether the yield be bad or good. In the latter case large quantities can be brought into the market, and the excess can even be ex- ported. The farmers are unabie to keep this occa- sional surpius in reserve. At the commencement of 1866 nearly five wiilions of quintals of wheat and flour were exported, Which, some months later, had to be repurchased from abroad at a price higher by almost a hundred 1nililons than they were sold for. ‘The agricuituria inquiry has disclosed the evil, and the government, by its proposals for vicinal roads aud for @ reduction of the costy of land procedure, has begun to apply the remedy. I trust it will go on to provide for. instruction and the means of credit, and also ior the transference of @ portion of taxation from agriculture to the shares of speculative com- pauies,. The Society of French Cultivators will second it in this course; for everything flourishes in @ State in which agriculture is prosperous. (Ap- lause from several benches.) ‘The debate Was then adjourned. M. Thiers on Discriminating Tariffe—French Interests and the Balance of Power—The “One Man Power” Defied. The French Legislative Body reassembled in session on the 15th of May. The order of the day was the adjourned discussjon on the interpeilations relative tothe results of the present commercial system in France, M. Quesna said the question under our considera- tion is simply this: Huve the treaties of commerce proguced good or bad results? And as the reply is not to be iound in theoretical disquisitions, but in the examinauon of facts, | shall content myself with making a few observations on the latter. But I must first say a word on our state of inferiority to other nations in respect to means of conveyance. The £x- posé de la Situation de V Empire in 1865 declared that France, as regards railways, occupied only the eigith rank in the List; those of 1867 and 1868 have not said anything on the subject—a silence of no good augury, Another point to which I wish to call your attention is the manuer in which our customs tables are drawn up. The total in 1867, according to these documents, was 7,227,000,000. But in this ag- gregate several batches of figures are counted twice over instead of appearing only once; I have caicu- lated that in the articles of wool, cotton and raw siiks imports and exports to the ainount of 162,000,000 have been made to do double duty; consequently there would be at least 300,000,000 to deduct from the sum total. In the woollen trade our exports have rather diminished than ine and the augmented importation of foreign stuita since the treaty has led to a deplorable failing off im the number of manufac- turers at Elveut. M. Tuiers said—Gentlemen, since the opening of this great and solemn debate have heard a nom- ber of facts cited of a very nature, and you have also heard various @: more or less Correct, as to their causes. Aslam desirous of ex- Pressing my ideas at some I shall contine Inyself to-day to an appreciation of facts in ques jon ton, reserving the discussion of theories till after we have heard the arguments of the Ministers of the Crown. But | wish to explain without delay the ob- ject which we have in view. We have been qualified a8 protectionists, Nevertheless there is no question here about re-cstablishing prohibitions or surround. ing France with a sort Chinese wall. I myself ‘abolished many prohibitions and reduced many tariifs. We therefore desire to see no absolute exclu- liberty is that the country should be governed cheaply. Switzerland, Beigiam and England suc- ceed in a certain measure fn increasing every year their revenue and in diminishing their c! Al We in euch a position? Our outlay is augmenting, like our taxation, and especially our military expenditure. We are at this moment in a period Of scarcity of food. The honor of having attenu- ated the crisis is claimed for the new prin- ciples. 1 adimit that the corn trade has profited by them; but being bound up with other ons by an unfortunate mutual dependence, have we not felt the effects of the distress which preval's among them, and has not our own been increased by the competition of foreign products on our ‘This situation is not an exceptional one but is the ‘The consequence of the dangerous theory of free trade is the annitilation in a country of every branch of industry, which, being placed in lees favorable conditions, is not abie to support fore! . Each mation is mupposed wo ‘ere class of manufactures by their perfection and 01 uedon th do and those are held to be he the universal Ay bite of free trade, pa A which are likewise nD. Yet have we the material welfare of condit also exist for 08e i (ing their Sion, bat @ system of tariffs calculated with care and discrimination, protecting the national lavor and ex- cluding that of the foreigner when it ts lkely to pre- Jutice our home industry; applicable also both to quilinaty and extraordinary times, They should forviancd ob a base altogether independent of the foreigne & subservience to whoin is constituted by com Me baiacew Moreover we wish to see Y (iscussed in this chamber—(hear, hear)— Judged and adopted by the country; ‘and then if the sp leped & mnistake the responsibility will rest ein alone. (Renewed approbation.) Gentle- men, in the course of this debate allusion has been turers, meet that Se 4 Mes & len ne o mplement their fortune in ‘tonal prod Can that be toa Chinese wall? "Oertainiy not, The whole pith of the quuntes les in this tant ‘market benches.) | Atluston has been made to the abundance tn that co: ; Dut that is not wanting to 000 ler bank avd who pays annual budget of ba. dur chan- of communication are, ir to those Of the Engtish market ae tO eheepane ne Tike in am meee This is in ‘all trades, coal gives its produce cheaper veaselg trading’ with Tull cargoes sicse whilst ours arenalt Let not honorable members accuse depreciate country when 1 victors itz we were » and that by that means in our jause,) the question as you {rue explsnation. A gov- Bion last year, should algo be a good father of , and his first duty should be a regard to the of his children. But what has France done? She haa set the example of free trade. All States of Europe wished at first to follow in our wake; but bee 9 e hag} to which they were exposed stopped short. Liberal America has never adopted the principle, Those who say that France is unworthy of Mbarty proclaim the moral inferiority of their corinky (Hear, hear,” from the opposition benches.) All I say is that we have fewer consumers than the Boalial, and that the difference ought to be 4 compensated for by a system of tariffs wisely and moder: arral age ice Who governs us, when he was in a di nt ition, wrote books which all enlightened men study, and he then de- clared the theories of commercial freedom to be fatal to France, that by their pplication the country would lose two milliards and that two millions of working men would be thrown out of employment. At that epoch the Ministers held the same opinion, and in the Constituent Assembly they all voted with me. (Sensation.) Rveirneds was then protectionist; I venture to say even M. Rouher himsel M. Rovner, Minister of State—I voted with M. Thiers in the Legislative, not in the Constituent Assembly, and | should have thought it very impru- dent to do otherwise ata period when there exisied no stabilit; (Dissent expressed on the pxpoaition ches; applause from others.) . EMILE OLLIVIER—Trade was at that time bet- ter than now. M. THiERs—I am delighted at having induced the Minister of State to expiain his change of opinion in manner which seems so Batisfactory to the Cham- ber. (Laughter from the eit Yes, in a few days, suddenly and without consulting ay one, all was changed and free trade introduced. Three branches of French industry were injuriously affected—agri- culture, the mercantile marine and the production of metals. M. DE Forcape La Roquerts, Minister of Com- merce—There is nothing the treaty respecting riculture. The sliding scale was abolished by a biil passed in the Chamber in 1863. M. THIkRS—No doubt but that law was a necessary consequence of the Capa Me boo changed entirely our commercial system, ‘ices of agricultural pro- duce fell; we were told that this was the effect of abundance, but in fact it was the result of foreign competition in our market. The agriculturists were advised to make efforts and to progress, because the peculiarity of this system is to Command progress as the Convention formerly commanded victory. The cultivators of the soil, who were powerless, submit- ted, but were unconvinced. Then, as respects the merchant shipping, liberty is not what it stands in need o1; it wants freights. English vessels bring coal to France and American ships cotton. What is the reason? This, that the regulations have been abolished which by a system oi surtaxes compelled all vessels to load at the port of origin. So the English have established entrepots whence they. can have return cargoes, and by which they derive advantages oppressive to the French mercantile marine. I now come to the production of metals, The finest iron is in our coun- try smelced with wood; this branch of industry is suited to France, and it was making progress, but the treaty gave advant: to the coarser sort of pro- duction by coal and by the lowering of the duty from twelve francs to six francs. England has been enabled, at periods when she has a glut, to send in her goods even at fifty per cent loss on the prime cost. Then came the drawback warrants, the abuses of which have been pointed out and which have practically resulted in reductng the duty from six to two francs. The iron industry, being sutfering, was told to make greater efforts and be more skilful. It increased its production, but only to receive lower prices. Suppose the gentlemen at the head of those establishments answered the government in this way:. 80, and do not make whatever. “You are not skilful; mistakes in your expeditions. (Various move- ments, laughter and marks of approval from the opposition.) Do not fe false judgments as to the situation of Europe, ahd perhaps you would be less embarrassed than you are.” Matters ought not to be placed on so elevated a footing. All a guvern- ment to say to its subjects ts, be laborious and upright, and you will gain your livelihood. (Hear, hear.) The textile manufacturers were addressed in similar style. Be active and improve your macnin- ery, 80 they were told. They did so, although there was not much necessity; and then came (the Amert- can civil war and the dearth of cotton, which haa been one of the principal af our raw materials, By new and fraudulent processes of manufacture, by mixing cotton and wool—the weft one and the warp another—a semblance of prosperity was produced and people said, “An! free trade is right.” “With re- spect to these three branches of industry the tliusion Was complete. But | never shared it, a3 the words which I pronounced in this place on the 14th Aprtl, 1866, prove. When the sliding scale was abolished 1 stal that our market, being opened to the whole world, the tuctuations in prices would be much som i was answered, ‘You will never again see prices.’ ign DE FORCADE LA ROQUETTE—It was you who said so; not me, THIKRS—No; not I. I said that a good harvest would mitigate temporary distress, but that the same situations would be repeated. (Noise.) Weil, after low prices there comes dearness, and still all your official and semi-otlicial advocates had told us “You will never see it again.” M. AvuGUSTE CHEVALIER—The variations it was stated would be less. : M. TuigRs—That is as grave an error as the other. The price last week was thirty-six francs for the hectoiltre; in 1847 and 1854, of the greatest dearth during the last thirty years, the average quotation at Marseilles and Lyons Was twenty-nine francs. (BX- clamations of dissent.) 1 believe the difference is even one franc more. (Fresh interruptions.) Now, a6 to the merchant marine, it is in a depiorable state to say the least; and this is the consequence of the abolition of the surtax on goods not brought from their port of origin. The English have estab- ished entrepots, whence our merchants supply them - selves promptly and on favorabie terms of credit, and French vesseis therefore no longer bring rice, indigo, jute, coffee and sugar from the indies. English ships entering our ports are, a8 compared with l’rench, in the proportion of six, eight and ten to one, ‘This state of things js similar in ail our harbors—Dunkirk, Dippe, Boulogne, Nantes, Bordeaux—and it strikes at one of the vital forces of the country, because, who ig ignorant of the fact that the successful issue of the Luxemburg affair was due to tne fear of sceing our fleet in the North Sea? (Sensation.) So much for the present. But there ts a danger imminent in the future. We allow, under treail English, Ameri- can and Hamburg vessels to come into our ports from their own without additional as ours is received in theirs; but comung from @ foreign country—Central America, Chile, Bra- ziland Peru—nations which posgess no merchant marine—foreign vessels are liabie to the surtax, and this leaves the trade to French sips. Well, we are told that next year this protective charge is to be abolished; and what I ask is that a vote of inis Cham- ber should warn the government against taking that course, Should it be followed our merchant marine will entirely disappear. (Sensation.) In the Medi- terranean the situation is the samc, but there, in- stead of England, we have to compete with smaller flaga, such as the Spaniards, Italians, Greeks. and Austrians. Of 1,700,000 tons, they take more than one-haif, and of the 800,000 which remains 300,000 represent our transports with Algeria. The Italians are not satisfied with bringing their produce, but also convey that of the Black Sea, Turkey and Egypt, and with @ differential duty of 20 francs the ton. The same with the iron trade; there were formerly in the Ardge large forges for manufacturing wood-smelt- ed iron: but they have been destroyed by importations from Sweden, Which country now sends from 18,000 to 20,000 tons, and the price has fallen 50f, to 601. in 1830, to 24f, at present. My predictions have been realized. At Lille, out of 272 factories, sixty-one only are still open, ‘and these work but six hours a day. The fine yarn of Lille was aiso used in the manufac- ture of embroidered muslin, but this trade was open- ed to Switzerland and is now quite ruined. The Swiss havea great advantage in abundant water power and cheaper labor, because they have neither the conscription nor heavy taxes, (Movementsin dlfferent senses.) M. JAVAL—There lies the question. Do not attack the treaties of commerce. The evil is elsewhere, M. THiers—Certainly, I do not wish to weaken the feeling of submission to the military laws; but when you demand of our working populations the sacrifice of siz, seven, eight or nine years of their lgo—(dissent)—you ought to protect them against the competition of foreigners who are exempt froin those burdens. Yes, the conscription and the two thousand millions of taxation weigh heavily on our industry. (Applause.) The cotton trade can sup- port neither the English nor the Swiss prices, I maintain that you may put an_ end to those treaties without any fear of alienating England. The English are traders, but heroic lers, Who unders‘and that above any private industrial interests there is the consideration of the greatness of England, Their policy is peace. And would you know why? in the West you have made such as they wish it to be, and in the the slightest movement would lead to @ universal ee What was in fact the fore destruction of state of rope | be; the ia he of 1816? France held the balance be the Powers. She kept down Austria by Prus- gia, and the latter by the former. she resi England by Russia and Russia by ee She was the centre of all and could make the balance incline e side or the other. At present we have created nso, oleh We, mane Oppone, 1,800,000, aaa h is uation Engl ieaired when - Power on the Continent, and her exaggerated terror it Tat a) z YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, MAY 30, 1868,—TRIPLE SHEET. RBSIDENT—You may discuss the application of it, bus must not disregard a right conferred by the ‘ootistitation nor forget the AP: due to the sovereign. (A) ) THIERS—| preserve me from wanting in pemgace to the “a ‘authority of the chief of the I speak with sufficient rity for the mean- and intention of my lenguage, Dot to be Yes! all that is at the ries is august; is something still more so, and that is the (Applause to the left of the speaker. urs, M. NouBLE—You belong to gn aristocracy which we sapoared fora certain time, (Nolse.) M. THIERS—My dirch, af which Jam not ashamed, tells me that I am not an ai ‘at, but in any case Teaong Bight Byrne sonana fens ne nation decide everything, you jorm ir democracy which wishes to giveup toa ‘single inadt- vidual all the powers of the State. (Loud applause from the opposition.) We know what it is, your false democracy, which wishes to give to tUseifa master, and we will not have one, (Fresh applause on the same benches ; dissent on others.) I defy you to come here and say that you wish to preserve for your- selves the power of deciding on the economical sys- tem of France, Witat! after having sacrificed our policy to you, and after having seen the results, we should give you the right of determing for all our manufacturers what is the régime the best suited to them? They are blinded by interest, you say. But does not the spirit of system mislead also? (Noise and murmurs.) M. RovH#R—This is quite a diatribe. M. Tueirs—Do not interrupt me. I am fulfilling my duty here. (Loud applause on the left of the speaker. Noise.) In any case the divers interests neutralize each other, and if they were heard, not in an administrative inquiry but in a parliamentary one, the truth would be brought to light. 1 ask, then, two things—that we should be rid of ireaties of com- merce, and that we should have restored to us our liberty that we may decide on the lot of the country by fixing the tarii’s. That is what I ask of you, and ou cannot withhold it; if you aenied to the Cham- rthe power of deciding on such questions, you would offend it, for you would be disputing the right ofrepresenting the nation, (Hear, hear,” on the opposition benches. Noise. Prolonged movement.) ‘The discussion was again adjourned. A Railroad to England—Continuous Entente. ‘The Courrier du Pas-de-Calais publishes the fol- lowing account of an audience granted by the Em- ror to M. Boutet, engineer, the promoter of a plan for maiog araliway bridge across the Channel;— ‘The reception was of the kindest description. The Emperor is conversant with the subject in all its points of view. “Draw me up,” he suid, ‘a detailed memorandum of the means of construction, with all the plans, an estimate of the cost, the time required for the execution and a calculation of the profits of the undertaking. I will examine ali these myself, and we will support you. This project,” added the Emperor, ‘is far more practicable than all the tun- nels and other expedients proposed, in nove of which have I any confidence.” A large plan of the project was spread out on the floor; the Prince Imperial, in leaving the room, Jumped over it, “Monseigneur,” said General Favé, who had introduced M. Boutet, ‘vou have becn the first to the bridge.” The Emperor smiled, and in retiring repeated the words ©*‘We will support you.” The enterprise has therefore made a de- cisive step in udvance, inasmuch as it has received the imperial support, ROME. A Papal Military Fete—War Banners from America and Spain—The Pope’s Speech— Military Movemente=The Remains of the Austrian Minister—Citizen Visits to Florence. RoME, May 8, 1868. Tuesday afternoon the Vatican gardens resounded to the clang of military music, and the trim terraces and alleys were thronged with brilliant uniforms and elegant toilets, in expectation of the arrival of his Holiness to bless and present to his faithful troops, represented by detachments from all the corps of the army, two banners sent as tributes of admiration for their valor from America and Spain. . Thad occasion to speak of the presentation of the former to the Pope by @ deputation of American ladies in September last. The flag, which is of white and yellow silk embroidered with gold, bears the inscription, ‘Americ matronarum obsequium. An. MDCCCLXVIL.” And the staf is surmounted with a statuette of the Archangel Michael. The flag sent by the ladies of Barcelona .s of red velvet, with the keys and tiara embroidered in gold on one side and the Madonna, patroness of the city, on the other. The inscription is in Spanish—“To the heroic defenders of the Holy See, 1868,”” The staff is surmounted with a bust of the Sovereign Pontiff, surrounded with a crown of laurel with a cross on the top. Both these banners were in reality made in Rome, His Hol!neas, accompanied by his usual retinue of domestic prelates and noble guards, having arrived and ascended the throne prepared for him in the garden, the bands ceased playing and he blessed the banners with all the formalities yee by the Roman ritual, and then consigned that of the Spanish ladies tothe gendarmes and that of the American ladies to the zouaves, accompanying the act with a suitable discourse, in which he reminded his soldiers that the day chosen for the blessing of their banners was sacred to the memory of his sainted predecessor (Pius V.), who armed his troops against the Mussulmaos and obtained a brilliant victory over them, humbling their pride and delivering Europe from their impend- ing yoke. 1 am informed that his Holiness here in- luced @ comparison which is not given in the ver- on of his speech published in the official journal. He stated that there were in our days barbarians in Catholic Italy as furious against the Church as were the Mussuimans in the time of Pius V., and congratu- lated his soldiers on. having conquered them as those of Pius V. conquered the Mussulmans. The Pope went on to say that those banners sent by the Old and New Worlds were witnesses of the esteem in which his troops were heid on account of their faith, love and courage by the powerful United States of America and the ever faithful and Catholic Spain, and con- cluded by protesting that it was his duty to defend his rights and his firm intention to uphoid them, and demdustrating his hearty reliance on the approved valor of his cher Or reikel aeemaad nee ery ot supporting the cause an thereby the gratitude of good men in this world and the reward of God in the next, This vigorous harangue of the Pontiff was no sooner concluded than it was enthusiastically re- sponded to by the cheers of the soldiers and the tears and acne of white handkerchiefs of the ladies A few days before the Pope had received in the anteroom of the Swiss Guard at the Vatican Palace the last batch of soldiers wounded at the battle of Mentana, who had been dismissed as convalescent from the Quirinal Palace, some of the halis of which were at that riod turned into hospital wards. I saw ese men in_ the Vatican courtyard waitiug for this audiente. They belonged to various regiments and were sad wrecks of humanity—pale, mutilated and supported on crutches; but it is to be hoped that they will receive, during the remainder of their lives, more solid marks of the Pope's gratitude than the encomtums on their bravery and the biess! of Christ's vicar, which he charged them to take along with them to the bosom of their families. A considerabie number of volunteers in the Pope’s army, of the superior class, who only enlisted for six months, in the ope of taking part in the Garibaldian campaign to which the Chassepot rifle put such a sudden conclt are daily returning To insure the health those who remain during the hot season a camp of instruction will be soon fixed on the lofty plain at the summit of the Alban hills known as ‘Hannibal's camp.” Last week General Dumont and his staff occupied several hours in visiting in detail the new works of defence just completed at Civita Vecchia. Aftera careful and minute inspection the General expressed to the superior French officer of artillery, to whom the work had been entrusted, his entire approbation of the way in which it had been executed, and gave orders for a of the fortifications to be forwarded immediately to the Minister of War at Paris, The reception rooms of the Palazzo di Venezia are ome. now open to the public to witness the lying in state of the Jate Austrian Am! lor, Count Crivelli, who His Excellency, . died suddenly on or at last. who had previously had indications of an apopletic tendency, went out on horseback, unaccompanied -his groom, on the’ afternoon in question, round the wails of Rome, intending to dismoant at the Porta del Popelo, where the Ambassadress was waiting for him in ‘her carriage. To her great alarm, however, she saw his horse approaching the gate with no one in the saddle, and driving up the road immediately in search of her husband she found him sitting on the ground, insensible, near the Porta Pin- ciana. The Am! jor was at once conveyed home; but ali efforts to restore him to life proved inet aes this mnoaeey apoplexy having sufocated him. Riverat to place with great pomp * even! Some of the Romans who ventured to visit Flor- ence dui the festivities are coming back ‘with splendid accounts of the tournament other its. Every le opposition was made onsignor Randi and the police authorities to suc! excursions, and the railway ee eae by a direct to issue for ten at cy wore never allowed to {nform, te public of a Fpl Waa en aad Me Boe ladies of the an pre- sented Pines Humbert ride wih « ladem of the pa 8 t bert. ‘Sut oun Thave iether me peattion General Banks ul present [rom the Boletin Repabiicano of Apri 17. pe a thy ye gee We call the attention of the supreme ever he says or does in regard to our affairs, Fiat, Sanernd Conerens to ts following tacts, clean will bave an undoubted influence, and deserves, Femain anp hed the whole country will believe arciotae answer that brate force rules the land, and that respect for the laws is but a lie, Deeds ‘those about to relate need no commeatariess—om Wo 3 On Mond oat: mente st bes Vigus sud Loe Olas bet pronounced tn (aver of Sommit of answered the in general but Bone? have the house to be, Aes AC BGR weno the MINISTER OF FOREIGN AWPAIRS, Mexlon TTER FROM GENRAL KB. 2 Wain, dune My Dean 81n—Please sont my congratulations tri h of the of Mexico, Nothing now Sombine to be done to agford the M i seicblish'n goverament of thele own. European yoveree ‘and especially those of France and England, never oe opportunity of reminding Te cans ‘of ton that we are responsible toa for this which they call unfortunate, He lt true or not that we fo runciados offered tod sible, as thes for the retreat ; bute $800, which he bad about i among shem, nod pro: fd doing plain, *hastice to the Mexican people forthe herotam em a 5 ‘hile engaged ia an uneg! al to, and commenced to cheer for Negrete, Ortegn and thecon- | {iets these ts hardly u pefoon who will deny that the Oiled ,stltution. bing 9 were already pre ‘ing to fall upon the town | States have aided the Mexicans in thelr resistance the when Captain Romero succeeded io stopping them, invader, Whatever may bave been this intiuence, I feel Inthe meantime Lieutenant Colonel Ortega, tu conjunct to repeat now what I often said in Washington~i. e, with the political authority of the place, had hastily Mexico owed you more than to avy person or lected together forty-eight of the townamen, whom he dt | that have ‘ated it in this conntry, as the result o vided in two sections—one to guard the meson (hotel) of BK | by you plainly ‘shows. No other government bas been 80 Domingo, while the other was directed to patrol. the streets, | abiy represented in washington, and no. ot every one being resolved to defend the property of the citi | Tain gure of it, bas had as many difliculties to couquer, 1 took ‘suecess which bas been obtained will be especially poral and a common soldier (the last two ones being forelgn- era) were brought before bim. He caused the oflicers to confined in st, Domingo and the soldiers in the barracks. The next day nothing occurred to disturb the peace, the citizens still keeping under arms, complete Satisfactory to you and to your friends. T beg you to accept for ft my sincere congratilations. Jt was not until Mo! night when I bad the opportunity to ask in New ——— has been done, since the closing of the sessions of Congress, about the Tehuantepec affair; whether any agent or had been sent to Mexico for this or any other purpose, was fied 10, Jearn that nothin, bad either Been thought ordone athe matter. A tew weeks. ayo 1 was asked from ‘801 ‘On the 8th Colonel Campitio, from Jalnpa, arrived in the | Washington if uch step had been taken, but 1 was town. He then went to examine the prisouers, who tried to} unabie (0 anawer anything. Pam now ceriain that they exculpate themseives; but Campiilo, unwilling to hearany- ‘sending any agent. Senor Olarte asked for a thing in the matter without any process of law or any other | of int ‘was denied him. He goes coi form of justice, ordered the last spiritual consolation to be | without dny power to make any statement on this or admin! them, and then ordered them to be shot. A de- | other business, I think you may be aure that no attempt tachment belonging to the same fc ly armed and | been or will be arran; nt of having as bad ammunition, under the command of Mayor | question, aside from the legit! natives of the Kojano, conducted the ollicers near the diteb fe overnmente in Washington to whom this settlement plalaly. followed by all the inbabitants of Perote. They made Belongs. The h unfortunately exists discharge On Hernandez, but no bail taking effect the dis- | from an effort to arrive ate definite ‘rom the ofl- charge was repeated, Then Heroandez held up his arms and | cial channels. Not having any interest fh this matter, aside cried out, “God will not have me die.” “Let the peopl from that animating every American who comprehetids the if 1 must die or not.” The future of this continent, I have carefully avoided to show any seemed undecided, but seein, a third dis- sympathy. for one side or the other, But I am plainly con- charge was about ‘to be ord gried, out) “Don't Kill | vinced that Mr. neither requests nor expects any ad- don't kill him!” In consequence of this the Major ordered | vantage which wili not be granted him by the true and the execution to be postponed until the Colonel should be con- | mate representatives of the people of Mexico and which incompatible with the interests of the republic. It must De sulted and new orders given ; but as there was another execu- tion to take piace, the Major ordered Telipe Mendoza (the other lieutenant) ‘to be shot. A first discharge was ballonly woundiug him in. the stomach. Thereu; wounded man, leaning on his arm, took out from bia bloody ball and exclaimed, ‘Don't kill me! don’t Kill m remained in this horfibie ‘situation for about ten minutes while the soldiers reloaded thetr muskets, and then made a second discharge {n great confusion, crying out at the same time, “echenie! evhenef™ (ill him? Kill him}, In spite of the Wounds received from so many shots he was still alive when he fell over on the ground, Seeing which the Major drew his revolver out of fils belt and gave it toa soldler who drew near the falien man und discharged every shot at him, without suc- ceeding in his purpose, He then reloaded the’ weapon and discharged four wore shots, aiter which the man was Onally After this horrible butchery the Major returned to the town to ask Campillo if Hernandez was still to be executed after lus miraculous escape from two successive @ischarges. Campillo answered:—‘Yes.” The people, upeu hearing this answer, broke out in loud cries, embraced the colonel’s knees obtained the order to conduct Hernandez to the bar- racks, where he still remains. ‘The impression this caused on him was so great that he is now suffering under the attack of @ most violent fever. That same day (the 8th) Campmie. ordered the Sg tee and soldier char; with being among the ringleaders to be shot, without any process of law. Minister Romero and His Confidential Rela- tions with Secretary Seward—General Banks Concerned—Violations of Diplomatic Conf- dence. y’ The following correspondence will be found inter- esting to those who follow the workings of diplomacy at home and abroad. The revelations made therein are worthy the attention and study of all: MEXICAN LEGATION IN U. S. OF AMERICA WASHINGTON, June 15, 1867. My note (No. 253) of this date bears the detalls of a conference I had to-day with Mr. Seward. I intend to now about a particular and important point which was mentioned in said conference deserving to be made the subject of a special communication. When speaking to me about the news from Mexico Mr. Seward informed me he had received a commu- nication from the United States Consul in that city, dated 26, containing a detailed account on Political situation. He sent for that note, but being, as I think, in a hurry and somewhat excited, he did not contine himself to the Kel Mf that part of the lettter relating to the news from Mexico, but of me to it, and even authorized me to e it with me to my office. On reading it my attention was called to a certain point in it which ought not to be passed over. 1 wish to refer to the pretension of Mr. Oiterbourg, Consul of the United States in the city of Mexico, who undertakes to extend his protection to all foreigners who apply, for it, just as ifhe were a rep borne in mind that he fs a business man, not a partisan even in relation to the affairs of our government much less in fe gard to those of Mexico. Consequently be will never Or expect to guide them, but rather favor and stren; them. Being at the bead of enterprising men in matters, great peat ersons representing all sorts of interests naturally surround bim, who describe to him certain business as it better suits ir interests Mae be und that ae enterprise can thrive which, ta tol sustained in good faith by the legitimate governments of both countries. Interested as bets In great enterprises he {s. necessarily compeiled to-eme ploy ageuts, who have recourse to such expedivate as are to. Persons who browbeat the judges, wit the parties and even their cifents will venture to resort to C3 same means even in business they don’t understand. would be an error to attribute to the what the attor sy or agent considers to be a privilege of his profession. Toxics needs to conquor the contidence of such men as of ‘& pecuniary reputation well established in this country. They s:d0t; ins prea; manner’ the course of polliies ta relation se ‘atfair@ Not’ having any connection with Bitacled only, by polities! circles, 1 have.‘po. reason to ext Aggerate the {my ce of the one or diminish that of the others. I think, however, that the welfare of Mexico Much more upon the capitalist than upon the public men that country.) ‘That is the reason why I have told several others to use your endeavors to draw into the cause Of Mezco, as far ag possible! great capitalists, They can dg everything within the reach of others, and do besides what others catnot, I was vary glad io learn trom you that the Mexican government would not pledge itself to ‘any scheme: favoring party or private interest, which would the goverament of the United States or’ the of Mexico in thelr efforts to ald the and I trust they ‘ Tesolution. Yuu must endeavor to unite, not to divide, all friends you have {n this country. Our welfare depe the peace and prosperity of Mexico. United, and aotl concert, both republics will monopolizerthe trade of the ich Bad untit now made Europe so powerful, But if ull a i are sagacious, it will give in the future the preponderance the independent cl Mics of the “American continent, a oss ue tey Sen to know ff any change bas taken io public affairs since 1 saw you last; also if av: oe curred in Mexico which bas not appeared io the . 1f'Mre, Juared and ber family remain with you, pre: sent them best respects. I am si ‘ sid +8 WP. BANE: To Sr. ROMERO, Minister of Mexico. French View of Ortega’s Claims—Contracts With Foreigners. ‘The following article is from the French organ at the capital :— {From the Trait d’Union, April 16.] Nobody entertains nuw: doubts about pronunctamiento in tavor of Gonzalez Ort a a4 son for whom Negrete seemed to care so little during the stege of Querétaro he offered Maximilian to raise this false standard (Orteza’s) in order to divide the republican yy. But the malcontente—those ‘who were dissatistied with the present state et tefe Kogretets those who would liketo have an office and who not; who think they have oid or recent gr agalust Mr. Juarez or some of his Minis:ers—felt they must tuvoke some sort of pretext and a name to around. They put forward the most available, Or- Plas nt and the persons referred to citizens | tega’s. Therefore, we were not very much of the United States. I have no doubt, however, that taken when a few days ago we the supreme government will puta stop to such an | out the angers of ti eieraes in- assumption of authority, the more so as this person | si, movement of General or anne The hag, it a) penis, done everything in his power tofavor | cares taken to lull public opinion until Set m § Maxumitan an the cause of the intervention, was prepared the strange complaisances we I have in my possession the pee of Mr. Otter- | remarked and are atill to be remarked among cer- bourg’s bad conduct, which I will lay before Mr. | tain organs of the together with some confl- Seward should n ity require it. I enclose a cop dential revelations which have been made to us, ine of Mr. Otterbourg’s note above mentioned, and omit | duced us without great dificulty to believe that the to send a translation of it, as my time has been alto- | movement in question was not an Isolated one. aoe taken up by pressing business for this mail, | Negrete will no longer commit any of the follies of have the honor to be, &c. M. ROMERO. outh. Lf he throws himself into the arms of revo- To the MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, Mexico. ution, tt is because pe eyiacecy relies upon & sup- i . port more or less powerful; upon sympathies more The fouowitng is the letter of Mr. Otterbourg oan disguised. inaianeogten vile 0 referred to:— an agitator and has undertaken to apply the, maton CONSULATE OF THE UNITED STATES, to the mine. If he succeeds we will at once Sor MEXICO, May 26, 1867. the second or third time, the admirers of the Smr—The situation has not changed within the last | and virtues of Mr. Gonzalez throw of the twenty days elapsed since my last note of May 5, unless by an increase of suffering among the masses. Contributions and forced loans continue to be ex- torted in the most relenticss manner, alleging as a cause the necessities of the troops guarding mask; but if he fails he must expect to be disowned, by the very men who have put the arms in his hands, The campaign has been opened. Two old comi Messrs, Francisco Velez and Migpe Negrete, the point ef et in fight. fe have no i the redoul although they receive but scanty pay | but some ski es have already taken place, bat and muserable rations. I have until now, after pain- | the news has not yet reached us. On the other iaad ful exertions, succeeded in obtaining the exemption | we would be strangely mistaken were we to expect & from these contributions and loans of all persons | sudden result to these hostilities. has wise- who are under the protection of the Consulate. On | ly chosen his ground in @ broken country, moan- the 15th inst. uncommon rejoicings in the besiegers’ | tainous and covered with forests, where he can keep lines announced that some extraordinary event had | at bay for any length of time the forces the goverm- occurred, when on the morning of the 16th rumors | ment may send against him. began to circulate in the city about the fall of Queré- Just at the very time that Negrete unsheathed his taro, and the unconditional surrender of Maxi- | sword Gonzalez Ortega, with the former's consent milian and his gener together with his army | (for undoubtedly they understood each ae so and war material. statement, repeatedly | dressed to the @ under date of March 18 last, confirmed in every way and manner that | his confinement at Monterey, the copy of a memoran- could be desired to entitle it to credit, sent to the Correo has been obstinately denied by the authorities who hold the capital and most pertinaciously contra- dicted by the ministerial It ts now believed that General Diaz only its for the incorporation of all the liberal forces around the city, to commence operations with 40,000 men, in case his summons to surrender shall not be heeded within three days thereafter. According to said general, Prince Max- imilian is courteously by his captors at Querétaro. He will be tried by a court martial as soon as the constitutional government shall havo been established in this city. While the liberals have warmly expreséed their displeasure at the tone of the correspondence ex between the Austrian Minister at Washington and the Secretary of State in regard tothe manuer that Maximilian ought to be treated, the ministerial rs lay hold of this opportunity to re; ir antagonts ts with their submission to the will of the American government. An article in the Union of May 10, which deserves the attention of that department, shows in a clear light the efforts about to be tried to excite certain passions against the United States. The friendly relations between the function- dum which he had previously Boleti 44 on the 8th of December, and in Republica: and which he had also add: under the same the National Congress which ought two assembled, in accurdance with the Cont act to summon the Assembly). The pi this document bas taken fifteen of the columns of the Gi ud we don’t seem to be very near end. Here is the title of it:—A communication the citizen J. Gonzalez Ortega, constitutional Court of Justice, aud President Stiate pay bic, addresses to the Congress mn Ol re; Cy of the Union, for the pur of makioe § statement of the documents in which his conduct Sa docu- in uence of his inability to exhibit ments, from nis coniuement; also, to accuse the President of the republic of 1866, citizen Benito —— of the crime of violating the constitution of 85) We to be excused for not publish! Cy “memorandum,” long since known to ond one our readers, for it is in fact nothing else but the ae now sought to be placed on the tapis. nzulez O1 in thus addressing the Nat Col oes legitimacy and beeen roa Ds wi aries and the diplomatic be- | in a letter he had formerly written to vernon fore, have been further by the withdrawal } of Nuevo Leon, does not, we think, to obtaia from the Spanish Gonsul of exequatur, on av- | against Mr. Juarez a sentence of 1) ent count, it is alleged, of ‘ful ianguage used by | lar to the o1 Mr. J at Wi this gentlemen in connection with the sale of cer- | ing! Be object can be no other than to excite the taln property belonging to @ Spanish subject. In | feelings of the people and thus to procure recruits consequence of this measure, the Minister of S| for N te's army. In faet, it seems to us that @ demanded and obtained his passports and to- [apd will be made about this document, either day the city with all the tire y the press or at the bar, for it doubtiess a& A number of petitions addressed to me by persons | part of the grand scheme concocted to revolutionise pela be ferent a Sa ~ the country. esting the protection je Consulate, on a&- Sener ths re Mewes darn nh thus speaks of contracts above referred to, duced me to think pepe: Boo the conduct I will have to observe, should Mr, ipbell, the appointed Minister near the constitutional government of Moxi- CO, fail to come at the proper time to discharge the duties of his position. Convinced as I feel ib it has never been the poiicy of the United States to re- fase their aid to persons who on just grounds im. plore their protection, 1 would therefore feel myself authorized to offick exercise the influence of the Consulate in bel of such ns as should Tequest my interference, a8 a juin between such foreigners and the government. In so doing | would endeavor to obtain for such persons every ible security, aud they would look upon the authorities as their chief protectors, while the government, on its part, would accept the natural responsibility in- cumbent on him—i.¢., that of considering the se curities thus guaranteed to foreigners of every na- tionality—as a natural obligation, Shouid the progress of events which now announces the close of the present struggle end by putting the constitutional iment in possession of the city of Mexico, I will inform Mr. Campbell at New Or- jenna, 00 well a8 the department at Washington, e ‘From the Monitor Republicano, April 22.) + credit, wire is all this" going? say te rum, its c w this going? say speculators. The honor of the country consists in&® ere administration, not in squandering tue pul nds; its decorum in preventing unjust and ulations; its credit in the prompt of alk e branches of the adminis cont no loans, In making no contracts of any nature W! soever with foreigners, in making with ability and success, the material the country needs, in developing ite home intercoul ln affording aid asa work to the starvi iu encouraging Ind: rist cans, and preferrin stances to others, as f Tur Potomac Fistertes.—The run of shad in the oe ee ety er ntoriat igs | Potomac this season has been very light, owing partly Gepurtmena hav eT siantenred “himeclf of the | to the oackwardness of the season and the freshets, argc ‘brought him, has been set free. | but in a greatér measure to the destructive methods Mr. Dalcourt, mentioned in the same note, although | of fishing with long seines, gill nets, &c., whi a not found hy of ean anaes e conapirecy; 0 8 Killing off the fish. In the ol times tho confined. I have the honor LY as maoune, s Consal of the United States of Ameria, éo. fishermen hear? ty Na SUB-SECRETARY OF STaT#, Washing- ae. Here follows the correspondence in which Romero lets out General Banks’ views of Mexican affairs:— MExIOAN LEGati -ASHINOTON, 1, eee Pec # cial Hi