The New York Herald Newspaper, May 27, 1868, Page 6

NEW ‘YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, MAY ‘27, 1868 TRIPLE SHEET. NEW YORK HERALD BROSDWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway.—Huwrry Dewprr. Matinee at 1). NEW YORK THEATRE, opposite New York Hotel. — Panis AND HELEN, NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway. ie Ware Fawn. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway.—AuL HALiow Eve—Latest FROM New Youk, WALLACK'S THEATRE, Broadway; id 18th street.— Tug WHITE CockADE. — init PIKE'S OPERA HOVSE, avenue, — fam PooR STROLLE! * BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Oniox, TE Goun- DLEATER—TRIAL bY Barre. us ‘Bd street, corner of Eighth RB, ‘ERMAN STADT THEATRE.—Barnre oF SEVILLE. 7] a asi FRENCH THEATRE.—Mativee at 1—Sor Trnrsa. Fren- ing—ADIEU Pansuns, Venpances Sour Fairs. BAN FRANCISCO MINSTRELS, 585 Broadway.—ETu1o- PIAN ENTERTAINMENTS, SINGING, DANCING, Se, RELS, 720 Broadway.—SoNnas, » DuTon “5.” SE, Tammany Building, 14th BLSY, EOURNTRIOIIIES, AC. KELLY & LE Eoosnrmiirics, BRYANTS' OPERA HC atreet.—Ermi0rian ME: THEATRE COMIQUE, Broadway.—Bau.rr, Fanor, 40. Matinee at 2)4. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, 201 Bowery. —Comio Vooatism, NR@RO MiNsiRELsy, &c. Matineo at 315. 8 e CENTRAL PARK GARDEN, Seventh avenue.—PorvLaR GARDEN OonoER:, MRS. F. B. CONWAY'S PARK THEATRE, Brooklyn.— COLLEEN Bawn. HOOLEY'’S OPFRA HO! MINSTRELSY—TaE Lernac Brooklyn.—ETHIOPIAN NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— SormNOE anv ART. New York, Wednesday, May 27, 1868. * TRIP SHEET. THE NWS. IMPEACHMENT. The High Court opened yesterday in the Senate chamber, and after several attempts to avoid a vote by the radicals and to adjoufn for séveral months, which were defeated, the vote was taken upon the Heoond and third articles, resulting Just as the first ‘vote did—thirty-five for conviction and nineteen for juittel. the President was declared not guilty ‘bn these two articles, and a motion that the court adjourn sing die was agreed to by a vote of thirty- four to alxteén. i ue ve thereupon resumed its legislative func thot and explanations denying the reports of din- ‘ers given by the Chief Justice to various recusant rs Were made. Mr, Fessenden, in closing his éxp on denying the story that he was getting up a néw party Chase for the Presidency, said that he favored General Grant for that position. » Mr. Stanton, the late Secretary of War, between and four o'clock yesterday afternoon sur- Po hig position at the War Office to As- i Adjutant General Townsend, and in a formal otte' notiged the President of his action. In sign- Thg the note he designates himself “Secretary of tek in the tg Soe General Thomas, interim, kelieved General Townsend oF Sg ome. of Repregentatives Mr. Charles W. withess who had refused to testify befor Re z eyt Managers, was brought to the charge of the Setgeant-at-Arms. Mr. Butler o an igsion t the Prighyet be arraign and asked b; oan it use be had not teatitvidg, a if be noW ready to testify. The fgsolation adopted, and Written hy tol apne 3 that pé Was not awafe of hpving ahdWn any cottempt for the House, and ask- ing tithe i he might consult counsel. Mr. Garfleld . Wooley submitted a wished tl ow what questions he had refused to apéwér that the Houge ifight judge of their pro- ret}. Mr. Butler declined fo give them, eaying the wet wis the only party that could judge of (heir propriety, The witness’ request for time was re and the House departed for the Senate Cham! On returning the Speaker ruled, as & polat of order submitted, that the Impeachment manages Were no longer in office by reason of the jourtifient of the Impeachment Court, A resolu- ion dirécting the Managers to continue their tnves- tigation was immediately entered and agreed to. The prisoner turned over to the Sergeant-at- Arms afd closely confined in the committee room. A fegolation calling for information relative to the outragts oh American citizens was agreed to in the House and a vote of thanks to the British Admiral Philemon for his aid to the Américan Minister at Port au Prince Was referred to a committee. EUROPE. The news report by the Atlantic cable is dated yes- terday evening, May 26. Rusgia bas commenced to disarm. The French army is fully supplied with the Chassepot, Bavaria signed a naturalization treaty with the United States, Barrett, the Fenlan, was hanged in London. The British Parliamentery commission on foreign natu- falization has been organized. The Epsom Downs summer races commenced. By special cable telegram from London we are in- formed that the Chinese rebels were besieging the city of Tientsin, near Pekin, on the 1st of May. Vienna telegrams report that Bosnia is in rebellion against Turkey. Consols 9534, money. Five-twenties 71% in Lon- don and 76% in Frankfort, Cotton dull and heavy, Breadstuffs very dull. Provisions quiet and steady. THE CITY. Tho Board of Excise, at its meeting yesterday, re- voked the licenses of four liquor dealers. The Board of Health yesterday ordered that an in- vestigation be at once commenced into the charges made an inspector of the Board by Mr. Robert Bonner, that he had made a false report as to certaia lote of his in this city. ‘There were 407 deaths in New York last week, and 127 in Brooklyn. Seventy per cent of the deaths oc- curred in crowded tenements. ‘The regular May anniversafy of the Brooklyn Sun- day schools was held in that city yesterday. The parade was one of the finest of the kind had for acve- ral years past. There were about 25,000 children, representing 112 schools, in procession. The members of the Chinese Bmbassy visited the Park and various photograph galleries yes- nied States Otroutt Court for the past ten days, was | There is no interest ina nation constituted like | The Chinese Pfission and Its Bearing Upon concluded last evening. The jury failed to agree and were locked up for the night. Yesterday @ large number of motions in the great Erie litigation came up before Judge Barnard, at Su- preme Court Chambers, and orders were made direct- ing them to be set down for hearing at diserent times. ‘The case of the Mercantile Bank against Bodine and others, in which suit was brought to recover ona bond in the sum of $10,000, given as surety for Charles Windsor as a pledge for the faithful perform- ‘ance of his obligations as paying teller of the Mer cantile Bank, was concluded yesterday. It will be remembered that Windsor absconded in 1864to Eu- r rope, taking with him about a quarter of a million ; dollars of the funds of the bank. The jury founda verdict for plaintiff for $10,000, with interest. In the Marine Vourt yesterday suit was brought by one Edwin De Leon against the proprietors of the Citizen newspaper to recover the sum of $500, the batance of compensation claimed for writing a series of articles on the secret history of the Confederate State Department in Europe. Some interesting doc- umentary evidence was admitted. The plaintiff was non-suited, ‘The stock market was strong yesterday. Govern- meut securities continued very strong and active. Gold closed at 140, MISCELLANEOUS, British mail telegrams from Abyssinia, dated on the 14th of April, rt the fall of the fortress on the day previous thus:—“The Abyssinian troops on Islangie were disarmed as quickly as possibie, and in the afternoon, after some shelling, the Amba of Magdala was stormed by the Second brigade, the Thirty-third leading and giving storming party with sappers. The entrance was dificult and opposition was bravely offered by a few at the first gate, which was closed and biocked behind by stones. An entrance on one side was effected’, and ata quarter past four the colors of the Thirty-third were flying in Magdala. King Theodorus was found lying dead about 150 yards inside the second gate. Several chiefs of note, in- cluding the Prime Minister, Ras Engedda, were killed at the first gate.” ‘The trial of Jeff Davis is now definitely settied for the 3d of June, Chief Justice Chase having appointed that day some time ago with the proviso that the impeachment trial should close in the meantime. The New York State Senate, conjointly witn the Court of Appeals, met in Albany yesterday for the trial of Cana! Commissioner R. C. Dorn, on charges preferred by the Assembly. The Managers of the Assembly, nine in number, their counsel and counsel for the accused were present. Senator Stanford was challenged by the couhsel for the accused on the ground that he had adjudged the case as chairman of the Canal Investigating Committee, but the Court refused to excuse him from serving. A motion was then made to quash the fourth charge, and, pending discussion upon it, the court adjourned. ‘ Professor Henry Morton delivered a lecture on “Light,” in Philadelphia, on Saturday night. He illus- trated his subject with a series of most astonishing experiments, producing dazzling stars with contin- ually changing rays, a shower of scintillating sparks, and producing a sudden change of a tableau of bril- liant figures to a ghastly company of spectres by the substitution of a yellow for a white light. The Rhode Island Legislature assembled yesterday at Newport. Charles ©. Van Zandt was elected Speaker of the House, Thirteen members of the Charleston, 8. C., Board ‘of Aldermen have been removed by General Oanby and their places filled by his appointees, among whom are seven negroes, The New Orleans (La.) Grand Jury have complained to General Buchanan that the Chief of Police of New Orleans professes to know the whereabouts of a noted burglar, but refuses to discover him unless compensated for so doing. No law of the State covers the case, and the Grand Jury asked General Buchanan to take action in it, which he promised to do. Reuben Wright, an old man of sixty, was executed at Danbury, N. C., on the 2ist inst., for the murder of & negro named Silas Harstein. It appeared that Wright and Harstein’s wife, a mulatto woman of twenty-one, were engaged in an illicit amour to which Harstein was an obstruction, and, with the assistance of two other negroes, they murdered him. The negro girl is also condemned, but has been re- spited until September. In the Methodist Conference at Chicago yesterday the report ontheological seminaries was adopted. Dr. Robert J. Breckenridge, of Kentucky, made a strong speech in the Presbyterian General Assembly fat Albany fésterday in opposition to the proposed union of the two schools of the Church. According to a Canada despatch one of the wit- nesses against Whelan, the alleged murderer of Darcy McGee, in Ottawa, Canada, was brutally ‘eaten on Monday night, and another witness for the prosecution has received threatening letters from persons purporting to be Fenians. Impeachment Thrown to the Doge—The Republican Party. Radicalism tried its fortune again yesterday. Believing, perhaps, that events at Chicago had drawn the party lines a little closer, and that all the denunciation of party organs and cliques known as outside pressure had not been with- out effect, it ventured timidly to face another vote. It called up the second article, and the Senate voted that the President was-not guilty. It called up the third, and with the same result; and then, demoralized, its knees gave way and it supported a motion to adjourn sine die, There was apparently a struggle between the men of the party who desire to act with honor and those who only desire to succeed. These last would have deferred the vote, to try it again in June. The former would have hon- estly closed the case by acting on all the arti- cles now. The final decision—the adjourn- ment sine die—while it secures practically the result sought by the Senators who desired to vote now, does not give to the result that character of upright dignity that would have distinguished action on all the articles. It is especially worthy of note, however, that the casting vote against the proposition to ad- journ till June was given by Chief Justice Chase, who again stands prominently forward as defeating the bad purposes of the Butler crew, Impeachment is thus thrust from the public sight—the radicals could not convict the Presi- dent, but would not honestly acquit him. Find- ing that the Senate was not to be moved—that all their desperate clamor and threatenings availed nothing to force Senators to voting as they desired—they yet used their unreasoning, fanatical, corrupt and purchased majority to cheat justice and to prevent the giving of that terday. On Monday night a portion of the younger | verdict which would condemn them a6 men members again visited the “White Fawn” at Niblo’s, | who had to which they appear to be somewhat partial. The Farmers’ Club met yesterday afternoon at Cooper Institute. Some interesting facts relative to disturbed the peace of the nation in originating and prosecuting s case that had no other foundation than their partisan malignity. Florida and California in an agricultural point of | Radicalism proper, with ite atrocious dis- view were stated and a new hibited. A meeting of the Executive Committee of the Free Trade League was held last evening fanning mill was ex- | honesty, would have deferred the trial only till snother day, would have adopted any subter- fage, any cowardly ruse, and, rather than face Amertcan Gt the Hall of the Historical Society, on Second avenue | that open judgment it has pretended to and Eleventh street. Addresses favoring the prin- | desire, would have kept the nation in the fer- Senuaaaie Wak er ee ears aaiverel i Dudley Field, Rev. Henry Bianchard, George Opdyke and Charles Moran. ment of doubt, kept open all dangerous ponsibiliti¢s of its br revolutionary process, A discharged soldier named Shaniey, who had just | kept this great festering evil as it is rather been paid off, was attacked by three men in East | tham forfeit the smallest chance to secure Fourteenth street on Monday night, and seriously verdict by the futare intimidation or corruption stabved in the throat and thigh. The Captured after a short chase. ‘The trotting match between Bradley aha cin, assallante were | of Senators. This was the purpose of those on | men, and the failure to accomplish it must be ‘the Fashion Course, yesterday, Was won by Bradiey, | regarded as the defeat in the republican his best mile being in 2:30, ‘The trial of ex-Collector Theophilus C. Calticott nd Joha 8, Allen, iste Deputy Collector of the Third Collection district, charged with conspiracy to de- of those extreme men. . victory if they have been put down. They are the men who trified fraud the United States government of the tax on | 20t only with all the best interests of the coun- spirita, wilch has ccowpled the attention of the | try but with the very vitality of the government, | into such absurd legislation in the fature, ours that does not feel a blow aimed at the na- tional Executive ; and when as now a large part of the function of the Executive comes to a standstill, when his relations with Congress cease, when even the very executive depart- ments are insubordinately directed in hostility to his will, the country suffers in all regards, and especially do all commercial and financial operations sympathize with the disordered state of the national life. Radicalism, there- fore, in seeking to postpone this case again, deliberately determined to keep up all this trouble rather than not carry its point ; deter- mined that the country should endure any evil rather than it should fail in its purpose ; determined that, come what might to the nation, come what might to the busi- ness interests of the whole people, it would force its partisan madness to the last extremity. In this we see furious men driven to despera- tion; and from desperation what but such a | course was it wise to expect? These men i were like housebreakers caught in the fact and who commit murder to escape—taking any chance, burdening their souls with any crime, if it only afford some hope, some promise of a better fate. - But what of the party that has been thus far controlled and driven by these men? Has it cast them away by this’ Yote? Does this refusal to act on their dictation drive the But- lers and Stevenses—that noisy and reckless minority—into back seats and to make a divi- sion in the party if they can? All this has been simply a struggle for supremacy in the party between the spoilsmen and plunderers and the conservative, able men; and now the spoilsmen are put down, but they are men not likely to remain in such a position; and it may thus result that their defeat will simply pro- duce a serious rupture in the republican party. And this is the best result that the party can hope for; for if it should otherwise prove that this is only a temporary check to these dan- gerous men; if they should still assert them- selves with the same noisy extravagance; if there is not wisdom or power in the republican ranks to put them down; if that party has not the power to assert its better purposes against these wretches; if they are yet to control it; if Butler, Sumner and Stevens, the villany, the cant and the resolved fanatical will of the party, are to govern it to the exclusion of such men as Chase, Fessenden, Grimes and Trumbull, then its history ends with the execration of the whole people. The name of Grant will not save it, The name of the great soldier, the leader of the nation’s heroes in so many desperate battles, is a tower of strength for any party; but that gréat name will avail little before the American people if it is to serve only as a gloss and cover for principles and acts that the people know must be insepa- rable from any party in whose counsels these men are a power. And what, then, becomes of the chances of the two republican candidates who come be- fore the people just at the close of this great impeachment blunder—candidates of a party that will split into innumerable factions if these men are driven out and that the people will re- pudiate with certainty it they are permitted to remain in? A_ New Telegraph Patent for Old Inven- tons. In March last an act was passed by Congress and approved by the President authorizing the issue to Charles Grafton Page of letters patont for alleged inventions in the scionge of electro- telegraphing, the position of Professor Page as an Examiner in the Patent Office disqualifying him from either taking out a patent oracquiring any interest therein without special legislation. Professor Page died on the 5th instant, but prior to his decease, under the pretended authority of this law, a patent was granted to him which virtually hands over to his represen- tatives the whole control of American tele- graphy, entirely ignoring the claims of other recognized inventors, and taking from the public rights they have enjoyed for years by the expiration of former patents. The heirs of Professor Page now step in and insist upon se- curing to themselves the profits promised by this singular law. i The direct claim of Professor Page, as set forth in the law, was for the invention of the induction-coil apparatus known among tele- gtaphers as the Ruhinkorf coil; but the patent covers much more than this. It embraces the “employment of one electro-magnetic instru- ment to open and close the circuit of another electro-magnetic instrument, using either one battery for both or separate batteries for each,” which is, in fact, the famous “local circuit’ years ago patented to Professor Morse; the “combination of an automatic or mechanical cir- cuit breaker with either a primary coil alone ora primary and secondary coil combined,” invented by and patented to Royal E. House; the ‘‘em- ployment of separate and independent batteries to operate an electro-magnetic circuit breaker and the circuit which is broken by it,” which is the famous ‘‘repeater” patented to Mr. Hicks; and, indeed, covers all automatic closers, re- peaters, local circuits, registers and all points of value known in the’ electro-telegraph busi- ness. The bill and the patent founded upon it are outrageous impositions upon the public, and will not fora moment stand the test of the courts. It is singular that Professor Page's name should never have been known and asso- ciated with these important inventions, and that as Examiner of Patents for many years he should have passed favorably upop the claims of those who have secured patents for these very discoveries, which he afterward claimed to have originated with himself. The Morse and House patents have expired long since, and by limitation of law their inventions have for years been public property. The Hicks patent has yet some yearsto run. The truth is, the bill bears upon its face evidence of having been the work of lobby legislation, and the patent is glaringty abeurd, unjust and Megal. We understand that an effort is being made to induce some of the telegraph companies to buy up the pretended rights of Professor Page’s heirs; but we advise them to keep their money in their pockets and: to take no notice whatever of the claim. The passage of sach a law shows how careless and stupid our legislators at Washington have become since the small amount of brains they possess has been muddled up by impeachment, and the beat thing they can now do is to repeal the act and take care that they are not hoodwinked Is the American Isthmian Crossings. One of the most important considerations in connection with the mission of Mr. Burlingame to the great Christian Powers is the trade lines that bear upon the Celestial Empire, and which are likely to be developed by the extraordinary demands when commercial relations shall have been fully established between China and Europe. Hitherto the isthmus crossings of Panama, Nicaragua and Tehuantepec have derived their chief importance from the fa- cilities they afforded as means of interoceanic communication between the Atlantic and Pa- cific to California and the western States of South America. As these highways now stand Panama is the only one that shows any signs of practical life. But if one tithe of the success obtains from the mission of Mr. Bur- lingame which is anticipated new interests will be awakened in behalf of all these routes. Whatever claims the Isthmus Canal project through Suez may have upon the existing commerce of the East, it cannot successfully compete with either Panama, Nicaragua or Tehuantepec for the new trade now opening with China and Japan. It must, therefore, be limited to the commercial interchange between Mediterranean Europe and India proper. A single geographical statement will illustrate this. For example, the distance from Yoko- hama to the west coast of France or London is eleven thousand five hundred and nine miles, and the time, including stoppages, trans- shipments, &c., occupied for the transit of passengers and freight is sixty days; while by either of the tropical routes indicated the distance between the same points is less by fifteen hundred miles, and the time can be easily made in forty days, with only one break of bulk in the cargo and one transfer of passen- gersinthe journey. This enormoussaving mnst operate powerfully against the Suez Canal project in this struggle for commercial su- premacy. The great mail and passenger route between Europe and China and Japan will un- doubtedly be that of the American continental railway to the Pacific, when completed; but the European freight lines must of necessity seek their way through the tropics, and thus vitalize these narrow crossings into great high- ways for the traffic of the world. It is not reasonable to anticipate that the merchants of either England or France can endure the tariff which so long a line of land trans- portation as the Pacific Railroad would entail, It needs ‘no argument to prove that the ocean is the cheapest and most economical of highways; nor are English and French navigators ignorant of the fact that the nearest line between any two geographical points does not lie upon the arc of the direct line between them, but upon an arc which passes nearer the poles. Hence the great circle from the English Channel to the tropics crosses the Atlantic as far north as fifty-three degrees north latitude, and, passing along the coast of the United States, touches the Gulf of Mexico and measures four thousand seven hundred and sixty miles. In like manner the great circle from Panama passes along the Pacific coast, parallel with and very near Acapulco, San Francisco and Oregon. It crosses by the Aleutian Islands to the coast of Asia, and its entire length is seven thousand nine hundred and forty-four miles. So much, then, for the great circle track of sailing vessels. But we live in an age of steam, and some consideration must be paid to the require- ments of that auxiliary power. In other words, lines must be sought out on long voyages where coaling stations are conve- niently available. Ifa line be drawn from the west coast of England—say the Lizzards— to either Tehuantepec or Panama, it will pass close to the Azores, or Western Islands, and through the scattered West Indian group. The distance of the first would be four thousand seven hundred and nineteen, and the second four thousand four hundred and eighty-two miles, or less than a day’s difference under steam. If, on the other hand, we project the same line from the tropical crossings through: the Pacific to the West, the distance to Sydney, in Australia, is seven thousand two hundred and fifty miles, and passes very near the Marquesag Islands, making, as it were, a ‘“‘half-way house” in mid-ocean. Again, a line drawn from either Nicaragua or Tehuantepec to Canton touches the Sandwich Islands and divides the whole distance of eight thousand five hundred and sixty-seven miles into nearly equal parts. Thus the fleets of England and France would steam through a line unbroken only at the narrow links which connect the north- ern and southern Continents of America. The Marquesas Islands, lying directly in the route of the navigator, would at a step ad- vance into one of the most important maritime ports in the world; while the Society Islands, also in possession of France, would enhance immensely in thelr value; more than all, re- turning back, the vessels of all Europe would ere long procure their tropical productions from the newly awakened islands in the Pacific Ocean. In connection, therefore, with the mis- sion of Mr. Burlingame, we can see how great will be the interest of all the commercial States of Europe i hastening the opening of these isthmian communications. Rotterdam and Hamburg, the busy Zollverein and ite millions of industrious laborers, the patient manufactur- ers of Switzerland, the woollen merchants of Austria, the workshops of Manchester and Bir- mingham and the mills of Litge and Verviers, will gather fresh vigor from these new avenues of trade; and even Russia will find them useful in the development of the valley of the Amoor, and Spain will recuperate the languishing com- merce with the Philippine Islands, while we of the United States, in full possession of the gigan- tic continental railroad to the Pacifie, can afford to rest content and see Mexico and Central America vitalized and regenerated by the for- tunate possession of these resting places in the great highways of the world. ‘ Bationa, IxeuRaNce Companres.—Another financial monstrosity—a worthy relation of the national banke—is to be put upon the country apparently by this Congress, under the name of “The National Life Insurance Company of the United States.” People submitted to the assumption of doubtful power that lay in of that first eacroachment grows this attempt to go farther and do the insurance business of the countey:on the public money held by the national banks. Ina time of peace, merely to make the fortunes of favored capitalists by @ gigantic monopoly, Congress assumes to do what it absolutely has not the power or right todo. Will the people stand it? We givethe particulars of this scheme in a Washington letter, Mr, Stanton Makes His Exit. Evidently possessed of some sensibility, for the possession of which we never gave him credit, Mr. Stanton promptly retired from the War Office last evening, after the adjournment of the Court of Im- peachment sine die had utterly destroyed the last hopes of the impeachers. But be- fore he left the now defunct Secretary of War let fly his last parting shot at his great adversary and victor. In a short note to the President announcing that he had transferred the contents of the War Department to General Townsend, Mr. Stanton gives as his reason for so doing that the resolution of the Senate “‘of the 21st of February last, declaring that the President has no power to remove the Sec- retary of War and designate any other officer to perform the duties of that office ad interim,” had ‘‘failed to be supported by two-thirds of the Senate present and-voting on the articles of impeachment presented against you.” And with this explanation Mr. Stanton makes his bow and retires from the public gaze. Acting upon the principle that it is better to walk out than to wait and be kicked out, the once redoubtable monarch of the War Office took time by the forelock and left; and in leaving it is doubtful if, outside of a clique of extreme radicals, there will be found a single man to shed a tear over his political death, Whatever credit may be duo to him for his administration of the War Department during the rebellion was long obscured, if nof destroyed, by his conduct as one of Mr. Johnson’s Cabinet minis- ters. The Democratic Party. Never was the democratic party before in the quandary it is now touching its candidate for the Presidency. Its nominating conven- tion meets at the new Tammany Hall on the Fourth of July. The delegates to that conven- tion, with perhaps a few exceptions, have all beegappointed. The voice of these delegates, from West Virginia to Minnesota, is pledged to George H. Pendleton, of Ohio. Most of the Southern States and some of the Bastern States are also for him, He will doubtless have a majority of all the votes cast on the first ballot; but as it requires a two-thirds vote in these democratic conventions to nominate, and as New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and some scattering States and delegates, North and South, seem to be decidedly against Pendleton, his first vote will probably be his best. From the ballot, therefore, where his friends will begin to scatter, the real struggle will begin, as in 1852, when the friends of General Cass began to drop him. Thus, assuming that Pendleton will be crowded out by New York, who comes next ? General McClellan will shortly be back again from Europe, and some say that Mr. Belmont has fixed upon McClellan, and that this is the reason of his intended return. But the com- parison of McClellan's Richmond campaign with that of Grant, to say nothing of the Presi- dential campaign of 1864, will rule out ‘Little Mac.” His nomination as a military hero against Grant would be perfectly absurd, and we feel certain that the democratic convention will need no labored argument to prove it. General Hancock is a more available man; but the Western Pendleton men have declared against epaulets. They will not consent to have Pendleton superseded by a soldier. Who comes next? Horatio Seymour, of New York, a very respectable man, but a man whose war record would perhaps reduce his vote among the people to that of the Northern peace party of the war, Who next? From this point we begin to grope among the democratic small fry, and can find no man among them who can hold a candle to Grant. For an acceptable candidate, then, in opposi- tion to Grant, we must turn to the outside conservative Union elements ; and here, looming up in bold relief, like a lighthouse between us and the setting sun, stands Chief Justice Chase. His war record, as the financial chief of the government who furnished the sinews eof the war—the greenbacks—will enable him to hold his own even against Grant on the war question; while on the impeachment question his casting vote has laid out the Stevens- Butler faction of radicals flat and cold. The Eastern democrats, we dare say, will not require much special pleading to bring them over to Chase; but the Western demo- crats have not exactly the notions of Mr. Chase in regard to the national debt; and there this Pendleton shoe pinches, If the democracy, however, wish to win, they must be prepared to throw a good lot of their old party rubbish overboard and qualify themselves for the nomination, on a broad and liberal platform, of some such capable and popular conservative man as Chief Justice Chase, whose war record places him in the front rank of Union men, and whose peace record is perfectly satisfactory to the honest masses of all partics. Political Agitation Renewed in Ireland. The lull which was induced in Irish politics by the visit of the Prince and Princess of Wales to the island has been disturbed, and the kingdom is again agitated by a sharp political excitement, of which the old and very poisonous element of religious difference forms a principal ingredient. By special cor- respondence from Great Britain wedearn that Church disendowment, Fenianism, the land question, threats of assassination of Pro- testant rectors, with shouts of loyalty and cheers and municipal approbation of expres- sions of disloyalty to the Crown, were spoken of and to be heard on all sides; the habeas corpus remained euspended and the popula- tlon and money capitalists were fleeing rapidly from the country, Oficial reports relative to Fenianism and the present intentions of its promotors produced an order for a move- ment of the British squadron on the southern coast from Cork, and it seemed as if conserva- tive men were truly alarmed and unable to say what changes might be evolved within twenty- four hours, “ ; This situation is, to a very considerable ex- tent, chronie to the political system of Ireland. public attention to which we think {¢ is entitled fn thd presentation of a merely Irish pollttod frritation, but in the evidence which these de- monstrations afford of the existence of s pow- erful Irish political adjunct, used with skil? and effect at regular intervals, in aid of the vast democratic movement which is quietly revolutionizing the entire system of legisla—’ ‘ tion and government rule in Great Britain. When Manchester and Birmingham agitate Cork and Athlone the rulers of England can— not afford to ignore a considération of the probable result, and the coming solution, .8 influenced from Ireland, takes shape as a ques- tion of great public interest, Tavrtow Wzep's Txstmoxy.—The most curious and interesting and suggestive testi- mony taken in connection with this late im-' peachment trial of Andrew Johnson is that of Thurlow Weed (published in yesterday's’ Heratp) before the smelling committee of the Hon. Ben Butler. It shows, among other things, that wherever there is a lobby job of any sort on hand involving a round sum of ready cash there you may look for Thurlow Weed. He seoms to be getting worse and worse in this business as he geta older, so that there is some reason to fear that the last public service of his eventful life will be that of a witness testifying to his complicity in some preposterous lobby job before a Congressional committee of inves- tigation, FREE TRADE LEAGUE. Taxation for Revenue Only—Addresses by David Dudley Field, Rev. Heury Blanchard, George Opdyke and Others. The Executive Committee of the American Free Trade League held @ meeting last evening at the hall of the Histgrical Suciety, Second avenue and Eleventh street, for the purpose of discussing a reform on the principle of taxation for revenue only. David Dudiey Field presided. REMARKS BY DAVID DUDLEY FigLD. Davip DvupLeY FIELD was the first speaker, re marking that the objects of the society were to encourage freedom in trade, The purpose of this meeting was to discuss the appiication of the princt- ples of the society to the system of taxation. They believed in taxation for the purpose of revenue only. It-was strange that taxation should be perverted so as to take from one citizen to give to another citizen instead of to the State, and that the constitution should beperverted so as to divert channels of trade, compel men to seek employments which they do not desire and to favor particular branches of business, ‘Taxation snouid be imposed fer the purposes of reve- nue only, The first reason for this was that the power to tax was a power given to ra’se money for the service of the State, and no o her, and that to use it to advance particular inierests or in any other way was @ perver- sion. Suppose in the levy of incomes the tax on the income of merchants should be ee that on the farmers’, the injustice would be apparent. Besides we have a great debt incuired for an honor- able cause, and all our energies should be directed toward a just system of finance in order that the debt, principal and interest, might be paid. The time has now come when the taxation of this coun- try should be laid for the Pinang of revenues only. This was the main object of these meetings. REMARKS BY REY. HENRY BLANCHARD. Rev. HENRY BLANCHARD said he believed the sub- ject matter of this idea was a very important one. He was glad to manifest his interest in the subject. People did not believe finance could be clevated to the dignity of a moral question. But Drs. Chalmers and Bethune and Archbishop Whately had not con- dered politic SeOnODIT |e beyond the sphere of their oral cousideration. He had himself come out of college believing that protection was the true doc- trine, but lately he had heard arguments that altered his views, Dr. Atkinson's work, the “ advo- cacy of free trade by a New England manu- facturer and other causes had aifected hia opinions, In .oking at the Atlantic Ocean he saw that our manufacturers were protected by God. Seeing the skill and inventive genius of Americans, he could see that they needed no protec- tion by Congressional laws. The streams and rivers protected them. Four-fifths of American manufac- turers only needed or asked for any protection. AConnecticut Senator had recently travelled through his State and inquired of manufacturers if they needed protection, and they had answered in the negative, Another matter that had engaged his at- tention was the reduction of wages here to the e-atus of English laborers. But he saw that the working- man’s condition there was, after all, not so bad. By laboring a month there he could pay for a years rental of his habitation. But there was too great a tendency to a monopoly of manufactures, Other occupations might pay better. The vast ter- ritorles were open to the enerprising. This fostering of home .manufactures, too, brought over here shoals of poor workingmen, wio underbid the American laborer, So that the fostering of great manufacturing interests here was to the detriment of American labor. He believed the largest brained men were not in the halls of Con- and that Congressmen were not capable of Judg- ing what the people ni |. If they protected men beyond their liberty of laboring where they pleased they transcended their authority. It would be sad if God left these matters to the agency of men. When he read Mills and others, and thought through the subject, the more he saw that this was a religious question. The spirit of selfishness in the smal! class Was against the interests of the many. Free trade had a right to exchange its products freely. Adam Smith, by his thought alone, revolutionized a whole Parliament and an hy oo nation. Therefore men ought to pursue this ‘Ktudy specifically and thor- ously. ie manufacturers s\ouid be brought into convention to discuss and understand the advan- tages of a perfectly free market. He, for one, was in favor of taxation for revenue only, DANIEL C. Roesrins, a merchant, remarked that on drugs the average duty in Europe was less than two and a half per cent; in Engiand it was less than two per cent; in France, less than two and a half end in the German Zoliverein, less than two per cent. In our country the duty was baby § per cent, while if sun- dries Were included it would be twenty-five per cent. REMARKS BY GEORGE OPDYKE. GEORGE OpDYKE was called upon to speak on the Em yse =| but simply remarked that there was no mem- ber of this association more firm in his con- viction of the jom and beneficence of the poll of free trade than himself, or of he jarious effects of a [agin hd olicy. Free trade gave ample scope to the natural laws whiie Protection was only an obstruction to their just operation. Our tarlif shouid be #0 modified as to make tts leading princtpal the collection of revenue. foe Ree of taxes cm imports: —_ Ce diminish Ung foreign commerce, and our people greater apti- tude for maritime commerce than any other nation. Cranes Moras held with Goiding Smith that noth- ing has vaiue for educational pu that does not give a knowledge of principies or natural laws. The importance of free trade was diminished by looking at thatquestion alone. ite | had met to a revenue tax; but it was their duty to investi- how to diminish that burden of debt which ies on the people at large. To do this the incl- les of taxation must be examined, eit mi abolished entirely veloped. The enthusiasm for free trade was now . as great thinkers had settled that question re. Dr. Leavrrt remarked that he believed it right never to buy abroad what you can just as weil duce at home; but when it cannot be as well pro- duced at home there was just reason for buying abroad. The meeting then adjourned. THE SCHUETZENFEST. All the arrangements for this grand internationat festival, to commence in this city on the 27th of June hext, and to continue for ten days, are nearly com- pleted. Information has already been received that Switzerland, the cities of Hamburg, Bremen, Vienna, Munich, Berlin and other locatities in Germany will be represented here by large delegations. As & trial of breech-loaders is to take place the Prussian Con- rigrars nase aed te Soa pease 2° thousand onritidges, to. be tried in one com- —— ‘with other breech-loaders. Governor ‘enton = has will be present informed the committee that he it 7 as the Executive of the State give sanction. A potas cominfee has been Et chiet in Janes’ Wood, | It may not, therefore, command that degree of | , ve iit will on be Se aoiae iustieamag tne just now, when its importance dots not obnsist