The New York Herald Newspaper, October 24, 1867, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD. BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. All business or news letters and telegraphic despatches must be addressed New Yorr Herawp. Letters and packages should be properly sealed. Rejected communications will not be re- turned. Hees THE DAILY HERALD, publisned every day in the year. Four cents per copy. Annual subscription price $14. THE WEEKLY HERALD, every Saturday, at Five Canis per copy. Annual subscription price: — One Copy.. Three Copio: Five Copies. ‘Ten Copies. ‘Apvanriexwexra, (o a limited number, will be inserted fn the Weeaiy Herato,* European and the California Editions. JOB PRINTING of every déteription, also Stereotyping and kngraving, neatly and promplly executed at the lowest rales. Volume XXXI AMUSEMENTS THIS: ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Fourteenth street —Italian Operk—ADRIENNE, THE ACTRESS. BROOKLYN ACADEMY OF MUSIC.—Itsllan Opera.— ‘Tax Huaumxors, BROADWAY THEAT! Broadway.—Gaisaco1s. FRENCH THEATRE, Fourteenth street.—Tus Graxd Dvucuxss. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Rir Vaw Wixais— Gunuanes or Moscow. MIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Brace Croor. NEW YORK THEATRE, opposite New York Hotel Naout, OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadwap—Rir Vax Wincte, * WALLACK'S THEATRE, Broadway and 1a asireet,— Bru. Warsas Row Dag. GERMAN STADT THEATRE, Nos. 45 and 47 Bowery.— Das Haus vex Conrusionzy—Doctor Rosix. BANVARD'S OPERA HOUSE AND MUSEUM. Broad. way and Thirtieth street.—Davit's AvcTION, NEW YORK CIRCUS, Fourteenth street.—Grunasrics, Equasraianism, FIFTH AVENUE THEATRE, 2 and 4 West 24th street: — Cunpaagita—F aa Diavovo. THEATRE COMIQUE, 614 Broadway.—Wairs, Corron & Suaeriar's Minstasis. SAN FRANCISCO MINSTRELS, 58 Broadway.—Frnio- Pia BNTESTAINMANTS, SINGING, DANCING AxD BURLESQUES. KELLY & LEON’S MINSTRELS, 720 Broadway.—Sonce, Dances, Eccurtnicrtizs, HuRLESQUES, AC. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, 201 Bowery.—Comic ‘Vocatism, Necro Minstreisy. &c. BUTLER'S AMERICAN THEATRE, 472 Broadway.— Bauwst, Farce, Pantomime, &c. BUNYAN HALL, Broadway and Fifteenth street.—Tne Puna. DODWORTAH'S HALL.—Apvanturts or Mus. Brown. HOOLEY'S OPERA HOUSE, Brooklya.—Ermoriax ANBTRELST, BALLADS AND BuRLESQUES. BROOKLYN OPERA HOUSE, Williamsburg.—Tax Anca. or Mipyicur, FINE ART GALLERIES, 845 Broadway, —Exuinition or ‘Pawntinas. * AMERICAN INSTITUTE. —Exausition of Nationat In- pustaiaL PRODUCTS. NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— Pounce anp Art. TR IPLE SHEE’ ber 24, 18) EUROPE. = \» mews report by the Atlantic cable is dated yester- day evening, October 23, | General Cialdini has formed an Italian Cabinet. A {Roman deputation in Florence invites the King to inter. svene in tlre Eternal City. Menotti Garibaldi ovacuated [the Papal territory and was invalided, The people were oMeiaily assured from Florence that all danger of French intervention bad passed, and they were called jon to support the King in the crisis, General Cialdini, it is said, looks to obtain possession of Rome by a coup jd’élat,. Garibaldi tho elder reached Leghorn, but was eecurely concealed. ‘The Emperor of Austria arrived in France on his way ‘¢o visit Nap leon in Paris, He made a short pause in ‘Baden, en route, and had ® most friendly consultation frith the King of Prussia, who was visiting the Grand Woke, Tumultuous riots bad occurred in Brittany, ranco, owing to the want of employment and scarcity food. The Fenian rioters for trial in Manchester ask ‘for a delay, owing to the excitement prevailing against chou | Consois cloved at 94 1-16 for money in London, with a wready markot, Five-twenties were at 693; in London and 74% in Frankfort. 1 The Liverpool! coiton market closed firm, with mid- dling uplands at 8% pence. Breadstuffs buoyant, Pro- Visions without decided change. By tho French steamship Ville de Paris, at this port esterday, we have interesting mail details of ourcabdle dospaiches to the 12th of October, as late as the news- @aper Advices on board the Cunard steamship Coina, at ‘Malifar, MISCELLANEOODS. ‘The returns of the Virginia olection indicate a victory for the radicals, The vote, however, was close, and in Richmond the conservative majority amounted to over four hundred. Botts was beaten in Culpepper county, Sad conservatives wore returned from several other counties. An election for Mayor was held in Baltimore yester- day. It passed off quietly and resulted in the success of the democratic ticket by 13,558 majority, The yollow fever bas disappeared from Galveston, there being no fatal cases yesterday, There were eighteen interments in New Orleaus and five in Memphis on Tuesday, and two in Mobile yesterday, The cholera in Philadelphia is believed to have re- ceived an effectual check. Four persons died yesterday. In alt there bave been eighteen deaths from the disease on board tho receiving ship Potomac at the Philadelphia ‘Navy Yard. Hon, Schuyler Colfax delivered an address last even. ing at the Cooper Institute, before a very large audience, 00 the political situation, He advocated tho impeach. ‘ment of the President, the nomination of Grant by the radical party next year as their standard bearer in the Presidential campaiga, and stated it as his conviction ‘hat the government of the country was safe only in the Hands of tbe radical party. The examination of witnesses relative to the Dean Richmond disaster was resumed yesterday, The engi- ‘neor of the Kichmond testified that he had reversed the @ngines before the collision, and although the steamer ‘was not actually going back her headway had cer- tainly been siopped. The captain of the sloop Bridger testified that both boats blew two whistles before the collision, and that the tug whioh was near at hand did ‘pot whistie. General Canby bas issued orders directing a revision of the registration lists aod authorizing post commanders to release all persons not subject to the articles of war now beid in arrest by the military authorities, The National Union Republican Executive Committee met in this ctty yesterday, and Called @ full meeting of the National Republican Committee for the 11th of De. | NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, OCTOBER ‘24, 1867.—TRIPLE SHEET. noon, was postponed till the 13th of November, in conse- quence of the absence of the District Attorney and the defendant, The Recorder tatimated te the counsel that im the meantime be could submit affidavits to the District Attorney. ‘The North German Lloyds steamship New York, Cap- tain Dreyer, will leave the Bremen pier, Hoboken, at | noon to-day (Thureday) for Souther:pton end Bremen, Tbe mails for the United Kingdom and the Continent will close at the Post office at half-past ten this rorn- ing. ‘The stock market was unsettled yesterday. Govern- ment securities were dull but steady, Gold closed at 143% 0 14335. Thore was but little animation in commercial circles yesterday, though in some of the markets there was a good business done, and previous prices were generally sustained. Coffee was in fair demand and quite steady. Cotton was. more active, but aboat c, lower. On ‘Change flour was irregular, wheat closed heavy at for- mer prices, corn was active and higher, while oats were dull and nominal. Pork was in fair demand, but at lower prices, Beef wag dull and nominal, while Jard was quiet and depressed, Freights were dull, and rates favored the shipper. Naval stores were quiet but steady, while petroleum was in improved demand and firm. General Sheridan is still at Providence, R. I. He vis- ited Brown University yesterday, and held a levee at the Governor's mansion in the evening. He will leave for Hartford this morning. Jay Cooke’s Special Plea for the National Banks, ‘ We published yesterday a 16ng letter on our national bank system, signed by Jay Cooke, though probably not written by him. It is a carefully concocted plea, and, we must say, an ingenious one, for the national banks. This laboriously prepared defence fromsuch a quarter shows that those who have made and are making colossal fortunes out of the system are beginning to be alarmed. They seo how rapidly and powerfully public senti- ment is growing against the banks, and they find it necessary to make an effort to save their tortune-making privileges. Certain questions are put by two national bank presidents to Jay Cooke relative to the origin of the na- tional banks, the character of their currency, the nature of their privileges, their present position, the difference between them and the old United States Bank, and ending with the question, “Why should the system be perpetuated ?” The questions are made to fit the answers and the answers to fit the questions very nicely, and were evidently manufactured in the same laboratory. The bankers did not want the information, and the argument was made expressly for the public. Indeed, it is composed, like a claptrap political stump speech, for popular consumption, with an ear- nest and almost trembling appeal to the people to save the system from threatened destruction. The election in Ohio brought out a humble and pleading manifesto from Mr. Chase on the negro suffrage is-ue, and now it has forced another from his righthand man on the banking and financial system of which he was the father. But it wiil take many Jay Cookes to save him from the odium attached to his ruinous and dangerous financial policy or to prevent the popular condemnation that threatens it. ‘The burden of Jay Cooke’s plea is of a nega- tive character—that is, he argues that the old State banks were not good, were inefficient and insecure, were not uniform, and gave a currency which had not the same value in all places, and therefore the national banks must be ex- cellent. There were defects, undoubtedly, in the old system of State banks, though not so many or of such magnitude as ‘is represented. The banks ot this city and some other cities, for example, were substantial and answered the purpose very well. But admitting there were se- rious defecta,and that under the changed state of things produced by the war and agreat national debt it was necessary to have a new and im- proved system of banking, wiih a uniform currency, does that prove the system actually adopted to be a good one? Does it prove that it is better than the other? If there are not the same evils connected with it there may be other and greater evils. One plaster ap- plied to a wound may not heal it, while the application of another and different one might be still more injurious. We maintain that this is really the case as to the banks. We have substituted a worse and far more dangerous system, on the whole, than that which existed previously. Mr. Jay Cooke lays great stress upon the services of tho national banks to the govern- ment during the war. If wo rightly remember, the first aid the government received—and that, too, in its greatest need—was a hundred and fitty millions trom the old banks of this city. Mr. Chase, then Secretary of the Treasury, could have received more—could have received all he needed—irom our bankers and the bankers of the other large cities, had he car- ried out the plan first agreed upon of selling his bonds in the market, from tim» to time, for what they would have realized... Then we should not have bad an inflated currency nor a suspension of specie payments. But this did not suit his purpose of making colossal fortunes for Jay Cooke and _ other friends, and of establishing his favorite national bank system. Instead of the national banks siding the government, it wus the other way—the government aided the banka. The Treasury Department issued both the bonds and the currency. The national banks did not supply specie, as the old banks did in the case of the hundred and fifty mil- lions referred to ; they only gave back to the government its own notes. The process was only sort of prestigiatory manipulation of government bonds and notes—a mere change of the bonds and currency from one hand to the other, the government furnishing all the capital,and the banks and other agents reaping the profits. No, it was not the banks that aided the government in the war, but the govern- ment that aided and enriched the banks by means of those aglive presses in the Printing | Bureau. That is where the capital came from, and not from accumulated hoards of national bankers, who, in fact, had nothing but what the government put in their hands. As to any services in future, to carry on a great war, which, it is to be hoped, will never be needed, these banks would not be required ; the Trea- sury could get along as well or betier without them. In a great and wealthy country like this there fe always a sufficiency of accumu- lated individual capital which the government can get, if properly sought and negotiated, comber, at Washington to decide upon the time and | place of holding @ national convention for the nomiua- Aion of a candidate for the Presidency. ,, Ovterbourg arrived in Washington yesterday. “ The National Democratic Committee, resideat in ‘Washington, issued a call yesterday for a meeting on Friday night to take preliminary measores for the Presi- dential campaign, ‘The proiiminary examination in the case of rm] Peo. plore Charlies H. Sweetzer, charged with false tences, which was to hav@been resumed yesterday after. | | | without the agency of sixtoen or seventeen hundred banks scattered all over the republic. With to @ uniform currency, we could have that Without the aasistance of the banks. The government could and should really issue all that as it does gold and silver coins. Ite stamp makes the article money whether the material be metal or paper. It may bo said there is an intrinsic and a merchantable value in the precious metals which there is not in peper; but the name and credit of the gov- ernment give its real and substantial value. The national bank circulation is based on gov- ernment credit. Why, then, cannot the entire currency of the country be solely in the name of the government, without the sdditional stamp or name of the national banks on it? The government is responsible any way for this circulation; then why should it not be in greenbacks? We think s uniform legal tender circulation better or at least as good as bank currency, notwithstanding the rigmarole Jay Cooke publishes about the eimple Dutchman’s opinion of national bank notes. As long as paper shall be the money or currency of the country, let the banks do their business with legal tenders, There is not the least necessity for national bank notes. We claim that the government could save eighteen millions a year at least by this simple change of a legal tender for a national bank note currency, without increasing at all the volume of circulation. We thought ita very simple calculation, for example, to withdraw the three hundred millions of national bank notes and issue the same amount of legal tenders in their place, and then with these legal tenders buy up and cancel three hundred millions of the interest-bearing bonds which the banks have deposited and from which they now draw interest. This would lessen the in- terest-bearing debt three hundred millions and save eighteen millions a year. We supposed this a very simple calculation, but Jay Cooke does not understand it so. He endeavors to make out the government would save very little or nothing at all. He tries to show that the banks pay back in one way or another— in the way of taxes and 6o on—as much as this bonus amounts to ; as if the capital or property of others had not to pay taxes as well as theirs. We think the banks pay less than their share in comparison with what capital used in other kinds of business pays, and that they are favored over and beyond this gratuity of eighteen millions. One thing Jay Cooke specially eschews. He says nothing about returning to specie pay- ments. He sees, probably, that the perpetua- tion of the national bank system is the inde- finate postponement of specie payments. He thinks the aggregate profits of all the banks will not exceed at present seven per cent a year. We suppose he means indepen- dent of the interest drawn from their bonds de- posited with the Treasury. He cannot mean otherwise, according to the evidence we have heretofore published of the prpfits of the banks. We have no doubt the profits are very large when this interest is included, which, of course, should be reckoned. But if they do not make a large income it is the fault of the manage- ment and because the managers are not as smart as Jay Cooke. Though he does not understand the subject of national finances he knows how to make money through the national bank system A man who, from being a poor clerk, has made millions in three or four years through this system, may well praise it, The national banks are a gigantic monopoly, with power to control the markets and absorb all the profits of industry, and if they have not proceeded quite so faras this yet it will not be long before they will come to it They are dangerous, too, in spite of Jay Cooke’s assertion to the contrary. We have seen their influence in Congress, and there can be no doubt that Mr. Chase confidently looks to them as a grand political machine. In any case where their interest or purpose is concerned they could wield a power greater than ever the old United States Bank wielded. In fact, they could, and will, probably, if they remain as they are, con- trol the destinies of the republic. In them a great moneyed oligarchy has been created, which, in the end, would make the rich richer and the poor poorer and reduce the mass of the population to the condition of European pauperism. Yet we are told by this same Jay Cooke, who said a national debt was a national blessing, that the national bank system is most excellent and beautiful every way. The City Chamberiain and the Luterest on the City Meney. We publish to-day a remarkable letier from Chamberlain Sweeny, in which he pledges hims:If to be contented with his salary, amounting, we believe, to twenty-three thou- sand dollars a year, and to relinquish all the interest on the city deposits, which has hitherto been pocketed by his predecessors or used as a sort of “ring” sinking fund, amounting to some two hundred thousand dollars a year. This is decidedly patriotic on the part of the Chamberlain, and the example might bo pro- fitably followed by all other public officers, State and municipal. Chamberlain Sweeny is now at the beginning of his term. We shall look with curiosity to the balance at the close of his first year. of office, to see how much is actually realized by the city for interest on the deposits. According to his own account, now placed on record, it should not be short of $193,000, which will be quits an item for the taxpayers. We shall insist upon this full amount. There must be no side bargains or compromises with any of the banks by which a few thousands can be laid aside for the poli- tical sinking fund, from which radical organs or “ring” mayors can derive any consolation. Chamberlain Sweeny generously toregoes his interest, amounting to at least one hundred and ninety-three thousand dollars a year; let him see to it that the city derives the full benefit of his liberality. The banks should at least pay as much to the city for the use of the money as they have hitherto paid to indi- viduals, Panama. We yesterday published a very interesting account of the number of steamship lines which make Panama their great converging point. There are twenty-two steamers per month which arrive at and ieave Panama for different parts of the world. One hundred and fifty thousand tons of freight annually make the transit between the two oceans, while fifty mil- lions of bullion also pass the Isthmus. The trade is increasing enormously, and will soon be #0 great that a double track railroad will not be sufficient to do the business. With these facts before them where are our energetic cap- italisis? More interoceanic lines are required, and American money cannot be better employed than in builéing them. It must not be forgot- ten, however, that we require steamships to take advantage of the commercial opportunities these lines prosent, and, in consequence, one of the first efforts of our government should be the encouraging of an extensive plan for steam- ship communication with them and with all paris of the works “Tho Virginia Election—Pregress and Pres- , Beete ef Seuthern Reconstruction. ‘The additional returns which we publish this morning of the Virginia reconstruction elec- tion will be found very interesting to the poli- ticians. The election involved, first, the ques- tion of & convention or no convention for s reorganization of the State in pursuance of the terms of Congress ; secondly, the election of delegates to the convention. If the convention is voted down the delegates elected will re- main at home, and the convention issue will have to be tried again in anotherelection. On the registration books the whites have a ma- jority in the State of some thirteen thousand against the blacks ; and as the whites appear to be, except a very small fraction, gathered into the conservative party, while the blacks are almost en masse radicals, and with a few seattering-whites make up the radical party, the conservatives were encouraged to make a equare fight for the possession of the State. Encouraged further by the late Northern elec- tions, they have evidently undertaken to vote down a convention, under the impression that, with a little longer delay, a Northern reaction will upset the whole radical Congressional programme of reconstruction and bring about easier conditions to the unreconstructed States. If the Virginia conservatives, then, have de- feated the convention, they have gained this delay. Assuming, however, that a convention has been ordered, we may further assume that it will be composed of such materials as will make a State constitution acceptable to the present radical Congress, and that the same order of things will prevail from Virginia to Texas. Whatthen? We shall have then, no doubt, some negro Representatives and Sena- tors sent up to Congress, and universal negro suffrage established in every State from the Potomac to the Mexican frontier. But will this setile this nogro suffrage question? We think not. Mr. Chase proposes to enforce the universal negro suffrage test upon the South, but to let the subject drop for the present in the North, considering the Wart- ing voice of the late Ohio election. But this will never do. In‘the very creation of a Southern negro balance of political power in our national affairs a Northern white reaction will be raised against jt, and, once raised, this reactionary agitation will be kept up until this Southern negro balance of power is abolished in some restrictions upon negro suffrage. If the North could not stand the insolence and presumption of a Southern white balance of power, it is not likely that a Southern negro balance of power will be tolerated. If New York at last became disgusted with the arro- gance of the white masters of South Carolina, the ignorant Carolina negro slaves will hardly be allowed to take the places of their late masters. Negro civil and political equality is one thing, but negro political supremacy in this country is quite anoiher thing, and a thing which can nover be safely attempted North or South. From present appearances, ander the exist- ing Congressional terms of reconstruction, not one of the outside States will get through the various processes required in season to be admitted to a voice in the coming Presidential election—not one. We may, then, predict that this question of universal nogro suffrage as a teat of reconstruction will exercise a powertul influence on the Northern States in the coming Presidential contest—powerlul ‘enough, per- haps, against any candidate but General Grant, to upset the republican party. So that, inany event, Mr. Chase’s grand idea of universal Southern negro suffrage will operate to un- boree him. : + Pho Italian Question. Our latest news from Europe does not warrant us to conclude that the Italian question has been finally ect at rest. The Italian gov- ernment have no Jonger occasion to dread a French invasion, but they are not without rea- son for dreading a revolution among their own subjects. They have got rid of one enemy to find another, and it 1s questionable whether the enemy they have found is not, in some re- spects, more formidable than the enemy of which they have got rid. A French army on Italian soil might have humiliated the new king- dom, but it would have welded the Italian peo- ple into one solid and resolute mass, and would have rallied them’ around the throns with such unanimity and vigor that humiliation would have borne in it the germs of success. As matters now stand the government have not to endure the humilistion of defeat at the hands of an invading force, but they have to en- duro—what, perhaps, is even less endura ble— the alienated affections of their own people. The Italian people are dissatisied. Murmurs of disapprobation are heard all over Italy. Re proaches are heaped upon the government for yielding to the dictation of France. Italy, in fact, stands on the verge of revolution. If Garibaldi, as reported, has joined his son, it is difficult to predict what may be the immediate consequences. Thore is much in the present condition of Southern Europe which recalls the memory of 1820. In that year revolutions broke out almost simultaneously in Italy and Spain. Re- suiting in great part, no doubt, from the re-es- tablishment of the effete and reactionary gov- ernments which existed prior to the French oc- capation, these revolutions in both peninsulas have yet a certain value, from the fact that they were the first spontaneous outbursts in modern times of the Latin races in favor of popular liberty and constitutional government, It is not to be denied that if the inhabitants of either peninsula had been left to themselves the lib- erty which Italy has so recently won and which Spain so eagerly covets would have been se- cured more than forty years since. The Nea- politan revolution was fairly progressing, Sicily had caught the revolutionary flame and Spain had won her constitutional rights, Un- fortunately, however, for both peninsulas, the Holy Alliance, of which Alexander of Russia was the moving spirit, had not yet broken up. The state of affairs in the South commanded its attention. A diplomatic congress, consist- ing of representatives from all the States origi- nally embraced in the Holy Alliance compact, met in 1820 at Troppan, in Austrian Silesia, and sat from the 20th of October to the 20th of November. At this congress the Czar Alexan- dor was present and took part in the proeced- ings. He freely expressed his sentiments. “It was,” he said, “a characteristic of the ago that the people had become clamant for popular privileges. It would bo dangerous in the ex- treme to ignore or to resist the popular current, But these privileges must be conceded to the eee WT people by the free wil of the sovere(ga and not yielded in obedience to popular demand.” For the sake of greater convenience the grees was ultimately transferred to the town Laybach, in Illyria. Here, on the 24 of Feb- ruary, 1821, a treaty was signed by which Russia pledged herself to lend Austria whatever assistance might be neecasary to suppress the revolutionary movement in Italy. To the praise of France and England it has to be said that they did not become parties to this arrange- ment. It is scarcely necessary to say that the armies of Austria crushed out the rising hopes of liberty in Italy. At a subsequent congress, held at Verona in 1822, France joined with the Holy Alliance, and a French army of one hundred thousand men, under the command of the Due D’Angouléme, repeated in Spain the iniquity which, in the previous year, Austria had com- mitted in Italy. These last efforts of tho Holy Alliance history will preserve asa strange con- tradiction to a sacred and pretentious name. It died, having just accomplished the blackest deeds of villany. It might not be-just to say that Italy and Spain sustain the same relations to the other governments of Europe that they did in 1820 and 1821; but the crime of which France has just been guilty towards Italy shows that in some quarters, at least, the dread and hatred of democracy still exist, and warrant us to say that a popular uprising in Italy or Spain, or in both, might provoke similar interference on the part of the dynasties and under the cloak of a similarly hypocritical name. To the peo- ple, however, this consolation still remains— right must ultimately prevail. Ap Old Game Revived. A very curious case is on trial before the United States Commissioner’s Court in this city, in which an ex-deputy marshal is charged with having conspired, with other parties, while in the government service, to obsain the releaso of a prisoner accused of counterfeiting in the State of Maine. The plan ‘by which it is alleged that the liberation of the counter- teiter was to be secured was ingenious, if it has not the credit of novelty. The deputy marshal, it is asserted, was to receive seven hundred dollars from the prisoner for his ser- vices, and the mode of operations was sug- gested by him. The friends of the prisoner, under the officer’s direction, hired rooms on Bleecker street, fitted them up with counter- feiting press, plates and other machinery, at a small outlay, and placed in the apartments a fow sheets of spurious twenty-five cent stamps, furnished for the purpose by the friendly marsbal. When all was ready the vigilant officer, having secured the assistance of others not in the secret, made @ descent upon the “headquarters of a dangerous gang of counter- feiters,” and burst into the Bleecker street rooms, the doors having been previously fixed so as to make the operation an easy one. Of course none of the “gang” were to be found ; but their implements were seized, their work stopped, the public protected and an important service rendered to the government. The marshal waa then to make known to the authorities the fact that the Maine prisoner had imparted. to him the valuable informa- tion on which ho had acted, and which had secured this gratifying ‘result, and the effect was to be the release of the repentant counterfeiter by a grateful government. There appears, however, to have been some hitch in the latter part‘of the arrangement. The seven hundred dollars, it is alleged, were paid to the deputy marshal; but the release of the prisoner was not forthcoming. The disclosure of the conspiracy was the consequence of this failure to fulfil the moat important part of the contract. From the days when Momer, Merritt and Sparks were at the head of the detective and thief-catching business in this city down to the present time, the police, whether amateurs or professionals, have always been more or less in league with the thieves, and have resorted to just such tricks as that attributed to the marshal now on trial,to help their friends, to put money in their own pockets, or to catch their birds, as the case might be. The “stool pigeon” game is as old as the hills. It lies at the very foundation of the detective system, An officer who desires to shine or to accumu- late riches in the detective business, as a pre- liminary requisite gets perfectly familiar with all the thieves in the city. Their rank in the profession, the peculiar line to which they devote themselves, their location, habits and associations are all at his fingers’ ends. He knows whom he can call upon to assist him to any desired information, and, upon ascertain- ing how a robbery was commitied, recognizes the operator at once from his work, and could pounce down upon him in an instant But he does notdo so by any means. If a sufficient reward is offered then he can discover the cul- prit; but if it promises to pay him better he lets the thief know that he could “haul” him if he chose, and draws upon him, if not for cash, for services at some future time, in re- payment for conniving at his escape. “Setting up” jobs is an old and profitable amusement of detectives. They use their “stool pigeons” to entice green hands or thieves against whom they hold a grudge into some big burglary, counterfeiting scheme or other criminal operation, and then at the pro- per moment make a swoop upon the gang, take in all they desire amd suffer the others to escape. Bristol Bill and One-eyed Thompson, some years ago, were extensive operators with the detectives in this line. In one case they involved a well known character, Arlington Bennet, in an awkward affair, and nearly convicted him of felony. Bennet was a man of means, built @ fine house on Long Island and had « spiral staircase erected lead- ing ups high tree, in the branches of which he ‘was accustomed tosit and read books to which he professed much devotion. One-eyed Thomp- son and others hired or took possession of some outhouses on his premises, finding the spot to be quiet and retired, and secreted in them a lot of burglars’ tools and a quantity of stolen property. The detectives came down upon the retreat, discovered the suspicious articles, and arrested Bennet, the proprietor, who had a hard job to prove himself innocent of any connection with the real thieves. One-eyed Thompson became eventually 60 mixed up and complicated between ‘the thieves, the stool pigeons and tho officers, that he could not rooon- cilo it with his consciences to live any longer, and 80 took poison and died. This gamo of operating with thieves to catch thieves, and of procuring the release of some and the conviction of otharafor a consideration, i in, therefore, » ery old one with our detective police, marshals and <ther officers of the law, Whatever may be the result of the trial to which we have alluded, it is only one of many Siurilar cases that would be found of almost dally occurrence in ous police annals should they ever be faithfully written. - Mexice Quieting Dewn- The most cheering news reaches us from Mexico that we bave received for a long time. Heretofore we have had to chronicle nothing but pronunciamientos and civil outbreaks” against authority. Now we begin to see some order coming out of chaos, The Church party, _ having fought for half a century with the hope of retaining the temporal power, have dis- posed of their last man and their last dollar in the vain effort to prevent the consolidation of Mexican liberalism. The intervention which they invited, and which was their last hope, has also failed them; and, as we have before stated, there now remain no two equally powerful eloments of opposition in Mexico which can give rise to a long-protracted strug- _ gle. All this gives hope of peace and the be- ginning of an era of wonderful national pros- perity. Before the late re-election of Juarez to the Presidency the whole world stood looking on to see what the result of the Presidential con-~ test might be. It was strongly anticipated by many that a new outbreak in favor of some one of the military chiefs would plunge the country into further bloodshed. All, however, has been the opposite. Corona has grace- fully supported Juarez for President, and even Escobedo, the most ambitious and unprincipled of all the Mexican generals, has also given his voice to the election. Not alone this, but Diaz, the rival candidate, never accepted his own nomination for the Presi- dency. 3 Other matters, new in the history of Mexico, indicate the power of the central government. Leon Guzman, Governor of Guanajuato by military commission from Juarez, disuboys orders in the elections and is forthwith dis- placed, and obeys the order to answer for bis conduct at the capital of the nation. This in- dicates a rare spirit of obedience in that coun- try, and'is an excellent example. General Mendez, commanding Puebla, which is more than any State attached to General Diaz, re- fused to issue the election order. He also has been deposed and is to present himself at the capital. Peace in Mexico cannot be otherwise than advantageous to us as well as the Mexicans, The interests of the two republics lie in the same, direction. The natural internal wealth of both is unsurpassed, while their commercial posi- tions place them in control of the commerce of the world. It is, therefore, of the utmost value to us to cultivate the greatest harmony with our republican neighbor, and to remember that if she has had long and exhaustive wars they have been waged to uphold the very princi- ples which we ourselves support. Having reached that point in her political fortunes where she can enjoy peace, let us congratulate ber and in all legitimate ways aid her in ite preservation. The November Elections. The elections to be held on the first Tuesday of November in the States of New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Kansas and Maryland, may be influenced ina very peculiar way according to the doctrine of contraries. For instance, it is notorious that in the States in which General Sheridan has been making his peregrinations with a radical escort the elections went against the radicals on the 8th of October. It would be a ‘good thing if Sheridan, together with Old Ben Wade, Chief Justice Chase and all the other radical stumpers, were to make a journey through the | States where elections are to come off next morth. That would settle the business tor the party and might revolutionize all these States to democracy. They should pack up their valises and start at once, for there need be no solicitude about the results of the elections after their wanderings and ovations. THE PARK. Mastic on the Lake Yesterday. Manhattan Island has boen not inaptiy compared, by an excellent though somewhat fanciful writor, to a huge monster of nearly turtie shape, of which Bowling Green may be supposed to represent the mouth, Broadway the long, irregular throat, and Central Park the lungs, by a trip te which the New Yorker once » week inhales & whiff of unadulterated oxygen, thereby end with that single whiff recuperating the waste of a whole week's vitality; and if to the whifing in of pure oxygen, not obtainable by other means, be added the element of music on the Mali or the more romantic element of music on the Lak @, the denizen of the metropolis may be persuaded to visit the Park on other days besides Saturday, Owing to the fact that the wind, raw an@ gusty, blustered somewhat Borealiy yesterday, by way of insinuation that November might soon be expected, the concourse around the Lake yesterday was pot large, notwithstanding the fact that the day wasa music day, A considerable number bad, however, gathered about the little sheot of water bight the Lake, whence, at three o'slock P. M., broke strains of music, guided by @ well selected programme, consisting of operatic morceava from “Fra Diavolo,”’ “Crispino e la Comere” and other oft heard operas, with which the musica! bill of {aro was Introdaced, A mélange of wailz and polka, mingled with and Italian, followed, aod was finaliy au ‘by something more distinctly natioval and American in {ts mould. The airs of 1861-66 have not yet ceased to be the mods, especially when the popular taste is to pleased, as was domoa- sense. Haly roand ihe Flag” withous which ne “4 round t * withou nid be consiaered com od & cen ee ir during which belles simpered and flirted, opera and more earnest lovers walked nd wove, though, as the poot has it, ia forgotten language." ont bee on the Mail and viein- delng somewhat in Sbakspeare, ‘THE CANAL STREET TRAGEDY. The members of the various police precincts in this city, since the worthy example of the Fifteenth pro- cinct im collecting $325 for the charitable purpose was made known to the men, have energetically set to work to raise @ goodly fund for the relief of the wife and mother of the murdered McChesney, The following lotter was reevived by Mr. Acton yesterday:— New Youre, Oct. 21, 1867, commitsee 0: tn id Seder and maintalalng ibe pute es ours wily LEONA! , JEROME, ge NAPP, Wee Relief Fund. Tnos. C, Actox, Pres, Potice Commissioners. In looking over the list of the names of those police- ten wno bad, since the 1st inst, asked permission, as they were obliged by regulation to do, to receive certain 18 presented to them from citizens, Commissioner Gentoo yesterday found that of McChesney a) led, to @ potition under date of the 6th inst, to be allowed to receive a hat It would seem from this that he bad Already at that time done some little act in the perform. ‘ance of his duties appreciation of which was rendered by the gift above mentioned from some citizen.