The New York Herald Newspaper, August 8, 1867, Page 4

Ore \é ‘elmos unchanged. _ Sudge Fisher delivered his charge to the jury in the + @bances for the Presidency ; and it is believed that the 4 : NEW YORK HERALD. THURSDAY, AUGUST 8, 1867. NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES eomnees BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. JAMES CORDON BENNETT, JR., MANAGER. BROADWAY AND ANN STREET, ‘All business or news letters and telegraphic despatches (wust be addressed Naw Yor Henao, Lotters and packages should be properly sealed, Rejected communications will not be returned. Volume XKXIL........cccecccscesssereeeree Ne. 320 Now York, Thureday, August Ss. 1867. ZEB NEW Ss. EUROPE. ‘Tao Gews report by the Atlantic cable is dated yester- day evening, August 7. } ‘The Prussian government is very anxious concerning the fate of Baron von Magnus, Minister of the King in Mfexico, Nothing ts known in Berlin of his where- abouts or condition sinco the death of Maximilian, Measures are to be taken to ascertain lis treatment by Juarez, The South German liberals bavo inaugurated a movement in favor of a union of the Southern States with North Germany. Tho second seasion of the North German Parliament will open in Borlin on the a7th instant, A Prussian military commission has ro- ported against the use of tho Fronch Chassepot rifle in the King's army. | Consols closed at 9414, for money, in London. Five twentios were at 7314 in London and 7744 in Frankfort. ‘Tho Liverpool cotton market closed firm, with mid- dling uplands at 10}¢ penco, Breadstuffs and provisions THE CITY. Tho Governor has refused to commute the sentence of \ Jerry O'Brien, notwithstanding the tearful pleadings of ‘the mother and sisters of the condemned, aud he will ‘be executed in accordance with the sentence, {In tho bankruptcy or John B. Borst, the petitioner was fin oustody of the Sheriff on an execution against the person, Mr. George W. Cook, counsel for petitioner, claimed his discharge on the ground that pending pro- @vedings in bankruptcy he could not be held. Judge Blatchford took the same view and ordered the poti- tiouer’s discharge, ( the General Sessions yesterday, Recorder Hackett Bentenced John Williams, Thomas Buros, Lawrence Griffia and John Burns to the State Prison for four years ‘ad six months each upon a plea of grand larceny. ‘The court was informed that these defendants were as- @eciated with a band of burglars who have been robbing bonded warehouses in this city. A number of other Gases were disposed of while the court was in session. The North German Lioyd’s steamship Bremen, Captain Neynaber, will sail from the Bremen pier, Hoboken, to- dag (Thursday) at twelve M. for Bremen via Southamp- ton, The mails for the United Kingdom and the Conti- ment will close at the Post Office at half-past ten o'clock AM Tho steamship Missouri, Captain Palmer, will leave pier No, 4, North river, at three P. M. to-day (Thursday) for Havana. The mails for Cubs will close at the Post Office at two o'clock. The atock market was variable yesterday, and closed heavy. Governments wore strong. Gold closed at 1404. MISCELLANEOUS. Burratt case, yesterday morning, and they retired at-a fow minutes before twelve to deliberate upon their ver- dict. The principal points contained in the charge were hat the murderof the head of the mation was treason ; that ail persons engaged in a conspiracy to commit. such murder were alike guilty, and that an alibi is of nobvail 1 the accused be then performing a part in the conspira- cy. Up toa late hour last night the jury had arrived at no decision, and bad retired for the night, bedding hav- Ang deen allowed them, In the Constitutional Convention yesterday the Com- ‘mittee on the Finances of the State made a report signed by seven of the members, while three other reports ‘wore made by the rest of the committees. Accompany- fing the roport is proposed article for the new con- Btitution on the same subject. The Committee on Canals reported an article, which was also accompanied by dissenting reports from the minority, The evening Beesion was occupied in debate in Committee of the ‘Whole on the organization of the Legislature, and the Convention was still in session when our reports veased. It is stated im Washington that a radical oficial re- cently called upon the President and proposed that ho should join in a plot for the destruction of Grant's proposition to place Grant in Stanton’s stead as Secre- tary of War, and thus apparently committing him to the Jobnsonian policy, 18 part of the plot. Our letters from Mexico are dated at Matamoros, July 86, and Puebla, June 29. No disposition had yét been made of Tabers and O’Horan. Juarez, in a proclama- tioo, had commuted the capital sentences of generals of division to seven years’ imprisonment, brigadiers to six years, and lower officers proportion- stely. A water spout recently burst at Gaudalajara, @estroying = large number of fives and an ‘mmense amount of property. General Berriozabal, commanding at Matamoros, in a letter tothe Mexican Densul tn New York, denies that the execution of Maxi- mitian was hailed with public rejoicings by the people of Matamoros, and says that the demonstration at that time was in honor of the capture of Mexico city, the news of which was received officially in the same mall which pontained the news of the execution. Ho also denies mat Escobedo wrote his savage letter against foreignors, ‘and attributes the publication of such calumnies to the malice of the Brownsville Ranchera Our Havana letter is dated August 3. Business pros- ects were still unsettied ; the proceeds of the sugar crop Dave proven inadequate to cover the outstanding Balances, and the new system of taxation was accepted ‘vory unwillingly. The Cubans were loud in their ox- pressions of indignation at the new reform measures, and the police force had consequently been strengthened. ‘The sagar market was at a lull, and quotations were only cominal Exchange was rising. United States currency was quoted at twenty-four per cent discount. From Venezuela, on the 9th ult., we learn that nu- ‘merous arrests were still being made of persons con- corned tm the late attempt to restore the old Colombisa- Gonfederacy. ‘The Saratoga races opened yesterday with two races, he first being won by Ruthless and the second by Floet- wing. The crowd in attendance was unusually brilliant, and numbered probably four thousand. ‘The Indian Commission, appointed in co with fan act of Congress at the last session, met in St. Lonis on Tuesday. Ali the members were present except Gen- eral Terry, Who will join them onthe Plains, Colonel ‘Taylor, Commissioner ot Indian Affairs, was appointed President, No business was transacted beyond a gen- ‘eral discussion of plans for placing the Indians on reser- vations, General Sally's Special Commission is now on the way to Washington. ; ‘The schooner Niger ran on a rock off Ward's Island, in East river, om Tuesday. At the time of striting she was 1n tow of a tug boat, which was also towing at the same time six other boats, The vessel end cargo are valued as $10,000. The investigation into the cruelties alleged to have ‘boon practised upon the immates of the Paterson poor. house by the keeper, Isaac J, Sigler, was continued yes- Gorday. Aa enterprising individual tn Milwaukee sold n- tity of barrelled sand and salt recently for pork, but the ‘weather was so warm that the parchasers, unable to see why (hore was no leakage, examined the packagos, and caused his arrest, Some $20,000 had been realized by bbis speculation. ‘i A train on the Union Pacific Railroad was thrown off the track by Indians, at Pisin Creek station, on Tues- Gay night. Seven of the employés of the company wore killed and the train and merchandise destroyed Gre. ie correspondent in Montreal states that the story of Jot Davia being hooted by the people at Stransiead is untrue, Jacob Thompson is said to have ® good chance for @ppointment as Secretary of the Interior in the new Dominion of Canada. Worms are at work among the Sea Island cotton. bill wt oops ied agai thm by Be gorrtnet They deny the allegation that the Charleston firm were \qaonte of tha egntederacy, case. Mr. Stanton’s suspension is not only necessary to the proper settlement of the per- sonal issue between him and the President, but it becomes indispensable to Mr. Johnson if he would so apply the reconstruction conditions of Congress as to give the whites of the South a fair field against the negroes. But is there not some danger in this thing of making a martyr of Stanton to his advantage as a Presidential cahdidatet “There might be if he were left stdnding alone asa martyr. Bat there will not be any such danger if the whole five command- ere of the five Southern military districts are made martyrs of at the same time with their removal. The honors of martyrdom, in being thus divided among half a dozen martyrs, will be neutralized, and so Mr. Stanton’s calcula- tions upon this score will signally fail. This, then, is the proper line of action for Mr. John- son—the suspension of Stanton, the removal of the five military commanders, and the substitu- tion for all these of other men who will cor- dially co-operate in the execution of the laws of Congress according to the liberal ideas and purposes of the President towards the white population of the ten States directly concerned in opposition to negro supremacy. Johnson need not be afraid of throwing down the gauntlet to the radicals in our approaching Northern elections. Let it appear, and let it be fairly understood, that while Southern reconstraction under Secretary Stanton and the present Southern military commanders under his wing means negro supremacy in the South,and the return of perhaps twenty or thirty negroes as a beginning to the present Congress from the Southern States, the execu- tion of the laws of reconstruction aimed at by Mr. Johnson contemplates the supremacy of the Southern whites, so far at least as to exclude negroes from Congress, and we shall have ao issue which will change the face of things even this fall in the elections of Penn- sylvania and New York. the spirit in which these laws of reconstraction are applied. If the restrictions against rebels are rigorously enforced, while the negroes, without question, are freely admitted to the suffrage, @ they have been so far, the negroes will rule in the work of reorganization and send whom they please to Congress. If, on the other hand, the restrictions against the South- ern whites are somewhat relaxed, and the re- quirements to suffrage are fairly applied to the blacks, the white majority, where it exists in any Southern State, will be brought into action, and white ascendancy will be the result. We believe, too, that under this system Southern reconstruction may be so fairly accomplished as to compel even the radicals of Congress to accept it; for if the idea of universal suffrage has now gone so far that it cannot to be arrested, that other idea of a general amnesty is close behind. If Jeff Davis, on the bail volunteered Tho Now Crisis-The President and Congress | during the war, indulging in all sorts of nego- tistions with the enemies of the country in Violation of law, Stanton urged that he should | be proceeded against just as if he were not one B: Issue. Tho “irrepressible confi etween the | any 4 ident and Congress has suddenly broken out a fresh place and in a new form, which promises to be something more than a nine days’ wonder. Tho “grave public considerations” which have constrained Mr. Johnson to request the resigna- tion of the Secretary of War, Mr. Stanton, and the “grave public considerations” which have constrained the latter to hold on to his office until the next meeting of Congress, make up a broad issue, which simply puts the President to the duty of fighting it out or the alterna- tive ofa base retreat in humiliation and dis- grace. The reply of Mr. Stanton to the Presi- dent’s request involves an offence from a sub- ordinate to the Chief Executive officer of the government without a parallel in the bistory of the country. But with the knowledge that the Civil Tenure of Office bill was passed by Con- gress expressly for his protection, Mr. Stanton has been encouraged to this unprecedented act of contemptuous defiance. Yot still the ques- tion recurs, is the superior or the subordinate officer by this act to become the master of the situation? It strikes us that if the law will no’ admit of the removal of the contumacious Sec- retary in the absence of Congress, the Presi- dent can and must suspend him. To recognize him in his office after this unsatisfactory pas- sage at arms with him is to consent on the part of the President to his own degradation. But why this request upon Secretary Stanton to resign? Unquestionably it is because, as the head of the War Office, he stands in the way of the President's ideas as to the execution of the reconstruction laws of Congress. Mr. Johnson desires to apply these laws with a margin of liberality to those classes of the Southern people most directly affected by them. It is on this ground mainly, we presume, that he desires to get rid of General Sheridan, com- mander of the Fifth Military district. But, with a little reflection upon the matter, Mr. Johnson has discovered that the removal of Sheridan and the substitution of even General Rousseau in his place would practically amount to noth- ing, so long as Rousseau remained subject to in- structions coming through Secretary Stanton under the laws, rules and regulations of the army. Hence this request for Stanton’s resig- nation. and falls back upon Congress. We hold, then, that the only course left to the President, if he would maintain the dignity of his office and his own self-respect, is to suspend the refractory Secretary of War, and appoint or recognize some other person in the discharge of his official duties for the time being. He declines point blank to withdraw This, however, is but a limited view of the Upon this broad and general issue Mr. The whole issue in the South depends upon by leading radicals, can be turned loose, surely we need no longer delay in letting all the smaller fry of the rebellion go ecot-free. Now, then, is the time for President Johnson to make the issue we have suggested between his method of executing the laws of reconstruction, which means Southern white supremacy, and the Stanton method, which means Southern negro supremacy and twenty or thirty negroes in the two houses as a beginning before the expiration of the present Congress. Let Mr. Johnson prepare at once to try New York and Pennsylvania on this test, and he will discover before the reassembling of Congress that they are not yet ready to be jostled by Sambo in the United States Senate. Greetey’s Silence Explained. The Tribune keeps out of the row between Johnson and Stanton, and does not ventare even the smallest ples in support of the radical Secretary. Why mot? Thereby hangs a tale illustrating how great an influence personal animosities exercise over the political views of even a humanitarian and a philosopher. When Groeloy was peddling peace of Nipwere Fally of Commons,’ say that a similar process of deterioration had already taken place of Victoria and in the United States of Amer- ica, owing to the extent of lowering the suf- frage. wise been frequently held up as a bugbear in the late discussions of Parliamentary reform in England. Earl Carnarvon dreaded the danger alleged tendency of the new Reform bill to transfer the whole power of the State into the hands of a class largely composed of workingmen, and liable to be so represénted that the House of Commons will be made accessible only to rich men or to demagogues. To an American ear it sounds simply ridicu- lous for a member of a privileged class to declaim against @ measure as an act of class legislation, when this is really’ an entering wedge to split asunder the class legislation under which England has solong bowed its neck. When once the British people shall be fairly and fully represented in Parliament the anticipated danger of a.war betweom classes will have passed harmlessly by. The Earl of Shaftesbury overestimated entirely the import- ance of Senator Wade’s agrarian speech in Kansas when he quoted it as indicating that a conflict between labor and capital would be likely to result from the Reform bill im Eng- land and from universal suffrage in the United States. Property is nowhere more secure than in this country, where every voter may aspire to be a landholder. wealth are monopolized in England by com- paratively few, and the English working classes are consequently more exposed to the inffuence of agrarian doctrines than they could be if the cheap and fertile lands of Western America were theirs to have and to hold, yet their inherent national characteristics are not likely to be destroyed by any measure of reform. The working classes share these characteristics with every other class in England ; and the “Westminster Review” is fully justified in ridi- culing the notion as “natural but childish” that “a reformed House of Commons will be a revolutionary chamber—that inaction will give place to inconsiderate and rash legislation.” It asks:—Will an act of Parliament transform the English race? Sidney Smith, in a speech advocating the Reform bill of 1832, employed to depict his countrymen ceased to be applicable? “The English are a tranquil, phlegmatic, monoy- loving, money-getting people, who want to be quiet, and would be quiet if they were not surrounded by evils of such magnitude that it would be baseness and pusillanimity not to oppose to them the strongest con- stitational resistance.” Can it be seriously contended, asks the reviewer, that a short time hence the electors of the United Kingdom will send to the House of Commons men devoid alike of the will and the power to legislate with firmness and with foresight? reviewer thinks that the danger lies in the oppo- site direction, and that @ reformed Parliament Greeley—just as if he were any other dan- gerous man caught in acts that Congress had designated as crimes. Stanton even made out the order for Greoley’s arrest; but the too amiable President would not sign it, and so saved the philosopher. But the philosopher remembers, and Stanton mast expect no favor, as he felt no fear. Final Passage of the Reform Bill-Universal Suffrage ta England. The Atlantic cable has announced that in the House of Lords, on the 6th of August, the Reform bill was read for the third time and passed. The bill now awaits only the sig- nature of the Queen to become a law and to, date a new era in the history of England. It is clearly understood by all far-sighted men to be but “tho beginning of the end.” Universal suffrage, looming up in the dim perspective of the future, is what excites the apprehensions avowed by British lords of both the tory party and the whig party during the recent debate on the Reform bill. These ap- prehensions inspired “the gloomy and Cas- sandra-like vaticinations with respect to the future of this bill.” The impolitic but not un- accountable oppdsition of noble glords to the Reform bill were overcome by the dexterous tactics of the loaders of both the great parties and by the irresistible pressure of the popular will—by the advance of what the Earl of Shaftesbury called the “great democratic wave which is going on even in spite of itself.”’. The certainty that the Derby-Disraeli bill would be passed by the House of Lords explains the failure of the reform meeting called at Hyde Park on the 5th inst. Yet it wa@not passed without protest. Earl Grey looked forward to “a gradual deterioration of the House and was understood to in the colony Universal suffrage in France has like- which he anticipated from the And although land and Have the words which Indeed, the will differ far less from its predecessors than the advocates of improvement expect. Here- after, he says, the opponents of reform will marvel at their blindness in regarding the extension of the franchise as the beginning of a reign of terror. “Just as the British farmer is all the richer for free trade, so will the British constitution be the stronger and the more national when thoroughly reformed.” Even the Earl of Shaftesbury, in the midst of his pious lamentations over the woes which he fears are in store for England, utters the philo- sophical truth that “institutions must be ex- panded to sait men, and men not cramped to suit institutions,” and the patriotic sentiment that “however dark and dismal may be the future of England, it is our duty to stand by our country, into whatever bands the power and the government may pass. Whether monarchical, republican or democratic, she will be England still.” He closed his apeech with a picture which he said never can be realized —“Out of the ashes of British insti- tutions will arise the great and glorious pheonix of @ conservative democracy.” But, ironically as these words were spoken, who shall say that they may never come true? Meanwhile the immediate control of the new democratic element which the great extension of suffrage will introduce into the House of Commons may quite safely be trasted to the Machiavelian statesman whose “legerdemain’’ has carried the Reform bill. He is able to wield the thunder which he has. stolen from the opposition. Disracli has mystified both his own party and his opponents; bat he is now master of the situation, and, a sort of refined Old Thad Stovens as he is, he will find little difcujty ip disciplining snd organizing the a hundred and two millions ir gold and over seventy-two millions in currency. Reduce this gold to currency, and we have nearly two hundred and twenty millions lying idte in the hands of Mr. McCulloch. Last year at this time there was nearly as much. Taking the whole year through there has been probably on an average little less. Only think of two hundred to two hundred and twenty millions of dollars lying unemployed all the time in the Treasury! It is well known that if the Trea- sury were empty to-day, and the revenue and finances properly managed, the money coming in from day to day and month to moath would meet the current demands upon the govern- ment. Indeed, with proper management there would soon be a surplus again. The country is not only losing the interest on twe hundred millions, but such an enormous sum in the Treasury continually isa great temptation to fraud, corruption and extravagance. The amount in the hands of Mr. McCulloch at present is actually sufficient to buy up enough of five-twenties to cut down the coin interest we are paying to about twelve millions a year. Never before was any great nation cursed with such an incompetent finance minister. The national debt is really a small affair when we look at the resources of this country and when and thrown away. . ble Secretary and a sensible Congress we may see the government embarrassed and the debt become too burdensome to bear. pied place in literatare. As a revelation of the woman’s heart that beats in the bosom of the sovereign of a mighty empire; as a recog- nition of the pure and ennobling love which may penetrate like light both palace and cot- new elements of prepare the way for the Earl of Shaftesbury’s “conservative democracy” and for universal suffrage in England. Statement of the Public Debt. To publishing, yesterday, the monthly state- ment of the public debt up to the Ist of August, as given by the Treasury Department, we appended a table comparing this with the statement of the public debt last year at the same time and with the June statement of this year. There are several things worthy of no- tice in this exhibit of our national finances. The reduction of the debt during the last year, placing the cash in the Treasury at each period on the credit side, was over a hundred and twenty-one millions. This is a gratify- ing fact; but at the aame time we must not lose sight of another fact by no means so satisfac- tory—that is, that the debt might have been reduced much more, probably two hundred millions and upwards, had our finances and the affairs of the Treasury De- partment been properly managed. The pre- sent laws for raising revenue would producg @ much larger income if rightly administered. We have seen this in the case of the enormous frauds in whiskey, petroleum, tobacco and other things, It is estimated that the government has lost nearly a hundred millions by these frauds alone. Judging from the incapacity and want of vigilance in Mr. McCulloch, in the frightful losses made known, it is not unreasonable to suppose there have been other deficiencies and leaks yet un- discovered. In truth, it would not be safe to guess how much this incapable Secretary of the Treasury costa the country. Add to this the loases which our stupid Congress cause by bad and extravagant legislation, and by perpe- trating the monstrous national bank monopoly, and we shall have a result perfectly startling. An able and economical government in both branches could save from the income that should be produced from the present revenue laws two to three hundred millions a year. With no greater burdens than we now bear, the national debt might be extinguished in ten or fifteen years, if we had statesmen instead of little politicians and bank clerks at the head of affairs. We find that through the stupid legislation of Congress the debt bearing coin interest has in- creased over four hundred and thirty-six millions during the last year. While the cur- rency of the country is paper—while the people never see specie, everything is being done to hand over all the gold to the bond- holders, and to the gold gamblers of Wall street. The debt bearing coin interest should be | first reduced, and the whole of our national finances ahowld be based as soon as possible upon the currency, the lawful money of the country. There should not be one standard for the bondholders and another for the There should be, in the first place, only one description of currency—the legal tender; and upon this uniform national money the credit and operations of the government should be based. In this way gold would become more abundant and cheaper, and we should return to specie payments much sooner. to foreign holders of the debt le. We notice that there is in the Treasury over we see such af enormous revenue plundered Yet for the want of a capa- Queen Victeria’s Book—A New Royal Author. Queen Victoria has added her name to the list of royal authors. But no other royal author, from King Solomon to Emperor Napoleon IIL, the eulogist of Cesar, can lay claim to the rare and peculiar distinction her Majesty has won by the book which she has dedicated to the memory of his Royal Highness the Prince Con- sort. Several extracts from this book were presented in the account of it published in yes- terday’s Heratp. It fille a unique and unoccu- tage; as an affectionate tribute to the qualities and disposition of the late Prince Consort, and as an important contribution to the history of England since the accession of Queen Victoria to the throne, this is a work of extraordinary interest and value. Originally designed only for the members of the royal family and their immediate relatives, it partly owes its publication to the dreaded possibility of the appearance at some time of asurreptitions, and, perhaps, mutilated edition; and its publication is also due to the justifin- ble confidence with which the royal widow must have relied on the sympathy, not only of her own subjects, but “of every one whose sympathy or good opinion is to be desired.” Its charming picture of a happy married life is unwittingly an eloquent refutation of certain modern theories which are insidiously hostile to the institution of marriage. Women’s rights women may learn from it that the experience of the very one ef their sex who holds the highest possible public station verifies the remark mage (@ hor Majesty by Lord Mel- Popular representation. Per- haps he may seeure a long leage of power to the tory party under some more popalar name, and qwhen she announced to him hor inter- tion to marty Prince Albert: “I am very glad of it; you will be much more comfortable ; for a woman cawnot stand alone for any time in whatever positon she may be.” And there is still higher authovity for adding that « it is not good for man to be alone.” It well be- comes such an exempla¥y wife and mother as Queen Victoria has been ¢o devote the leisure of her declining years to wiiting about the en- joyments and duties of family Jife. So long as family ties are held sacred both her example and her bookewill be duly honored every- where, The Reign of Terror in Mexteo. Our correspondence from Mexico depicts vividly the characteristic progress of the libe- tals in pacifying the country. This latest budget of news opens with another public murder, the shooting of old, General Vidaurri in the open streets—a performance quite in the Spanish-Indian taste, made up in part of the triumphal rite of the Indians insulting and tor- turing a fallen foe—in part, of the elements of the Spanish auto da fe. In the name of inde- pendence and liberty an old man, brave and humane, but who happened to be on the wrong side, is bound haad and foot by ruffians who were highwaymen a few weeks before, is dragged through the streets like an ox to the shambles and made to kneel in the ordure of a common square; crowds struggle for places on the housetops and the walls and jostle in the streets with their Latin humor; it might bea gladia‘ rial combat or a bull fight; the bands play lively airs, and the old man who has grown gray in struggling one way and the othef in the service of his country is blown out of the form of humanity by the guns of the corporal’s guard—half a dozen bullets into his body and a coup de grace close against his ear. In this murder, more, perhaps, than in any that have preceded it, there is apparent a peculiar significance in the liberal revenges. Many of the liberal soldiers were, before the war, com- mon cutthroats on the highway, and men like Vidaurri were their peculiar terror—the guardians of order and firm enforcers of wise laws. Now, for the time, the cutthroats have the name of law on their side; they have the upper hand, and they spill with peculiar gusto the blood of thp men who once filled them with wholesome fear. Not only does the mob inspire and force the government policy in these points, but it does the same in confiscations and decrees. Insane fury against foreigners is still the dominant tone. It has secured the decree preventing all but Mexicans from engaging in retail trade. This kills the whole retail trade of the country; for it was all in the hands of foreigners. Foreign capital had: built railroads, telegraphs and other paraphernalia of civilization, and the property in these enterprises, not sympathizing in politics at all, is now confiscated because the constructions had been authorized under the empire. Only the mob spirit could’ exhibit such savage want of reason. The voice of protest raised in this country against the liberal’ barbarity having reached Mexico, the mob organs put their interpretations upor it and say that these protests do not come from the American people, but from drunken editors. Such is their notion in Mexico of the perfect propriety of all their brutal acts that they attribute to ram an appeal for mercy. If a man would desire that they should spare their fallen foes—show a generous forbearance—he cannot be sober ; he has lost his reason in the fumes of gin. One illustrious Mexican writer inquires what business the American people have to meddle in Mexican affairs. If we have ne such business it isa pity it hed not been found out before our meddling in Mexican affairs induced the Emperor of France to with- draw the thirty thousand French soldiers which had driven Juarez to the last towm on the Mexican border. Had our “meddling” been stopped that early, Juarez and his brutal fol- lowers would never have returned to Mexico city to inaugurate a reign of terror which pro- mises to obliterate from the country all evi- dence that it was ever inhabited by acivilized people. Doctor Harrie’? Weekly Report. Dr. Harris, Registrar of Vital Statistics, that nine hundred and twenty-three persons died in the cities of New York and Brooklyn during the past week, of whom four hundred and fifty-six were infants, or children under five years of age. The gross mortality of the two cities in the seven days was less by three hundred and sixty-five cases than the aggregate for the corresponding week of last year; but this consoling reduction is accounted for by the absence of cholera from our public institutions at the present moment, these establishments having been visited by the scourge in 1866. The Doctor informs us not only of the rate at which we die, but calls our attention to the more prominent of the influencing causes which, in New York particularly, forbid us to live. In this city three hundred and twenty- nine persons, or about fifty-one per cent of the whole, were cut off by zymotic diseases, chiefly of* the diarrheal class, Three hun- dred and ten infants, or 47.91 per cent of the total mortality, died from diarrhea and cholera infantam before they had completed their first year. Typhus and typhoid fevers, cholera morbus and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system, élaimed their share of the victims, and one hundred and sixty-three of the remainder succumbed to a variety of attacks classed, very indefinitely, as “ local diseases.” Cholera morbus, fevers and diarrheea, with many of the diseases which affect the respira- tory system, have their origin in or are aggra- vated to a fatal iseue by the want of proper ventilation in dwellings, the existence of fetid nuisances in « neighborhood, a soil which is insufficiently drained, stagnant water, the crowding of tenements and the neg lect of personal cleanliness. It is patent that it is frequently impossible for tho poorer classes of the people of New York to observe this latter requirement of bealth, owing to a want of water in their overcrowded apart- ments. Hence we find from an examination of Dr. Harris’ report that the Sixth, Tenth, Blev- enth and southwestern half of the Twenty- second wards furnished the most “excessive harvest” to that inexorable reaper, Death. There is really no good reason why this state of things should exist _ scarcely any reason, with the great natural advantages for hygienic safety which the situation of the city gives us, why our children styonld be cut off by hun- dreds and our strong men sicken and die weekly trom “loprsi” or other disesses. The aan ene causes are neglect on the part of the poopl@ and ® heartless indifference on the part of many ;roperty owners. The neglect is a nog- lect individual—a neglect official. Individuals, particularty those who belong to the working class, should pay more attentior to the obsery- ance of the rules witich govern health—tempev- ance, cleanliness of person amd habitation, and & proper ventilation of their apartments, whea possible. The neglect official isto be found in the absence of a atrict enforcement of the Health laws—an enforcement whict should be broad and universal in the streets, in houses, on the river fringes, in vacant lots, juuk shops, rag and bone depots, fat boiling establ ements, @own in sewers, drainage of tenomex‘és, and even extending to private dwellings, whem necessary. This enforcement should b? ex- ercised against offenders in the words of a.vold English’ act, “without fear, favor or affecti. on,’” and not neglected from “fee or reward, or the hope thereof.” When the authorities wf the city of New York so enforce ¢he Heal.th law, nature, aided by a fino climate, willl accomplish the remainder; our childrea wil’ gambol on to maturity,and Dr. Harria will, after a few years, find his statistical labore vastly lessened. Greeley parades a limping apology for the State Convention, which, like all apohogies for failure in duty, makes the matter worse. He argues that, although it is nine weeks since the body embled, it must not be accredited with all that as working time, since it has only; had as many sessions as it might have had ig four or five weeks. Whose faultis that? That the minority rules the Convention is given ase reason why nothing is done, and is doubtless @ consequence of the fact that some few leaders have undertaken to bully members as to the way in which they should vote. The truth seems to be that the Convention is about equally divided between practical men and political quidnuncs. The quidnuncs know everything, say everything and want todo everything, and they have kept the Convention discussing for nine weeks pitiful topics of ne possible importance; and the practical mem seeing this, and seeing little chance of being able to get at the real work—having, mean- time, their own affaira to attend to—have vire tually abdicated their positions and gone away in disgust, leaving the field to the quidnuncs, They will make # constitution to their taste, no doubt, and when it is presented to the people it will be rejected. THE CHESAPEAKE PIRACY. Lieutenant Joha C. Braine, of the Rebeli Navy, aod His Confiaement in Kings Couaty plain his conduct in aud authority for seizing the steamers Chesapeake and Roanoke in the year 1663," The Lieutenant is at present confined in the Kings County Penitentiary, awaiting trial, for which the gor-- ernment is ready and’.th Reteore eer boing in want of funds to ah tics abe rol wish. Me says that many of the he was held yesterday afternoon, whem the most importaas item in the business transacted was the reading Messrs. Kapp and Casseriey’s report on the case? of Austrian ehip Giuseppe Baccarich. This vessel, as been already reported in the Heratp, had oxcessive the Giuseppe Baccarich was fo se pre gore rok gy sae of food and unwholesome water. fut fits eh unt i aH auributed to the firm im Aate the abipping worp al af ing statistical information was presented to the Number of emigrants arrived to July 3) a of emigrants arrived since No payment July 31, 1867 Balance in bank... STREET CLEANING COMMISSION, The Street Cleaning Commission met yosterday, all ite members with the exception of the Corporation Counsel being present. Mr, Jackson 9. Seuvitz offered the following resota- tion :— Wo eit my by th ot inspectors paunted th Board tat James Ie Whlting, the onactge’ ror cleaning sireets, dari eral weeks past ard, ‘since Inst payment made’ to h nd the streets, satisfactorily, in accorda: ; the reports u' ad Pore of the various precincts. and whereas, crsio'chy eal peers tat rSid comtenstor, hay eters formed his contrant, but has failed to clean the. streets. tm “<Renolred, That (his Board requaet all persone baring any jenolved, ne miedge of any omieston of uty ont fy MTR . to lait in. Ww ae dt Place, in order that tue same may be thoroughly inrestigated Hecorder Hackett also offored @ series of resolutions, Toquesting that the Corporation Attorney prosecute one Robert Sardine, for placiag & large amount of rebbish in Forty-fourth, Forty-fith, Porty-sixth and Fosty-miott streots, thus obstvucting the wperations of the street cleaning contractor. Tue Board them adjoursed, THE AMEDICAN EXPRESS COMPANY LITIGATION, Synacese, Auguat 2%, 1867, The examivation of E. B. Judson to-day before James &, Leach, reteroe appoivied to wake testimony in the case of Nogris Winslow against the American Express Company and olhors, elicite: tire following facts: That the $9,080,006 capital of the present American Express Com Was made up as ivilows:—(he memoere the ers’ Express Company paid im $1,800,000, and the Amoricaa Express Company turned in the pro- rty of the company to the same amount, and the Balance of the #9,000,000--viz., $7, 100,000—was iseusdfia iock % members of ‘tue old company for ther will, the bat of the property of the old company, after the $1,800,090 was turned over to the mew come pany, was held for the old members, SALE OF THE REVENUE CUTTER PAWTUCKET. Bostos, August 7, 1967. The United States revenue cutter Pawtackot was sol! at auction to-day for Fn to partios in this city, Will bo despatgbed to Coiaa, . '