The New York Herald Newspaper, March 22, 1867, Page 4

4 MEXICO. SPECIAL, CoRRESF HDG CE OF THE HERALD. aco Mirnmen’s Dee The Result as the Liverals—Juarez En Keoute to San BuisiNeed of au American Minive ter-A Unt for Mr Za eb, 12, 1867, 5 In my fast I informed you of the destruction of the by a portion of Escoledo's amand Bocdes the ninety- ners shot afier the battle, Trevino shot makes one hundred and two French t lives by accepting the oppor- red to them to remain in Masimilian’s service. ixty French soldiers now tm Zaeateens, who ded and taken prisoners at the game combat. 1 determined whether they will be shot. Castillo, with the imperial toree which was making s movement om San Luis Potosi, was at latest ac- counts in full retreat and mear Querétaro, A force under General Herrera y Cairo endeavored to detain Castilio until the main army of General Ksoobedo could come up to the attack, This force, uowerer, Was so small—consisting of onty four hundred mea—that Castillo received the charge with two thou- sand of his troops, and killed, rooted and took prisoners the entire detachment. ‘The commander, Herrera y Cairo, was kuled im the Gpht. Iwas personally ac- quainted with bim, and counted him one of the most salented and truly patriotic Mexicans Ihave met, He 1S. a kreat loss to th® country in its present disturbed sondition. This fight took pince at Quemada, a point about baif way between San Luis Potost and Queretaro, After the combat Castillo immed ately continued bis're- treat towards Queretaro. His troops are rapidly desert. ing him, apd the balance of his force is beld together by the severest measures. It ts beleved here that he will contiue bis march immediately to the city of Mexico, and in connection with Marquez endeavor to make a feeble stand against the liberais. Genera! Escobedo writes to the government under dato of Febru 8 that be has been unable vo overtake Cas- ullo, who Was then twenty-four leagues in advance of him towards Queretaro; that he should advance his van- xtard to within fourteen leaghes of that ety, and there gather all the forces possible for ‘an attack upon the place. inthis he will be'ided by acolumn from the army of General Corona Tt is extremely doubful af Cas- ullo remains at Queretaro. I think there is but little doubt now that he, in common with all the impertal forces, will march to the capital, and there either wake a stand for the empire or make the best terms possibie for a surrender—which must soon take place—of all the imperial forces, It is anticipated here by the government shat within thirty days the mititary position will be (pro- viding the imperialists make a stand forthe capital) some what as follows:—Ceneral Porno Ding, with about six thousand men, on the south aud enst, cutting off com- munication with Vera Cruz; General Corona on the west and northwest, with about eight thoasand men, inclu- dine the force of Reguies, homming in the city from that quarter; sud Genera Eeeobedo, with about six thousand men, ov the nortb, cuttity off all exit im that direction. There wiil thus be about twenty thousand excellent Mexican troops thundering away at the capital, which must soon bow to the liberal storm. ‘The doomed em- pire 3 fast losing its Inst foothold, and Maximilian must soon sneak out of the country in a manner even wore disgusting than that in which he entered. General Razuine 1s the only one who hins reaped a colossal for. tune in (his royal Mexican dlibustering expedition, Quien sole, who will enjoy 1%) most, Senorita Conchita Mendez or the pretty Mexican wife ? Advices have reached the government that Colima, the last poiut held by the imperialists in the province of that ame, bas surrendered to a small force sent against it by Geveral Corona, There is no news yet of the fall of Morelia, but the capture of that place cannot be long deferred. 'Rogules is besieging it, and other forces are marching to his assistance The government of Juarez will march for San Luts Potosi on the 16th or 17th instant. . The day is not yet fixed. Events may happen lefore that time which will induce « march directly on Mexico via Guanajuato; but the chances are nine to one that itwill be in San Luis Potosi on the 22d of the present month. As | ¥ave before remarked, an American Minister is much needed here, Te wili takea load off the shoulders of your correapondent. A ‘ALD Correspouds ent shouid nov be expected by the Umited States govern: ment to keep them posted about Mexico—the poticy of the liberal government here. i@ whereabouts, what the United Siates should do, &¢. Judzing from the numerons applications’ which I have had to arrange affairy with = this) government apper- taining to American residents here, I think it will be advisable for any American Minister who dares to reach Luis government, tuat be should be escoried by two hundred Yankee clerks, armed with Spencer rifles, to protect the yu, and quills io despatch the enormons amount of work that awaits him. JT enter my Protest against doing this work gratis. I pray the flezaro Wo make application w Congress in my bebalf. Where is Mr. Seward? Has he really used up all the ‘poor material fur United States Ministers’ ifsoi Bim to make ap exception to bis geueral ruic ap- point one for Mexico Gi for foreign business. One that he will allow occasionally to think for Limeelf, and slip from vader his thumb. army of General Mir foree, under eight Freneh pr: wh amon, Tho Capture ef Zamorn—Severity of the Gov- erament Towards Traitors After the Freuch Leave —Preparations to besiege Qucretaro— A Herald Article Translated for Circulation so Mexico, &c. Zacarecas, Mexico, Feb. 15, 1867. Your correspondent at the city of Mexico has doubtless g'ven you an account of the capture of Zamora, This is Probably tho'second city in importance inthe State of Michoacan, and is situated haif way between Guadalajara, lately taken by Corona, and the capital, Morelia, now besieged by Regules, and defended by the imperialist cnief Mendez, The details of this capture are valuable. According to the most retiable information Zamora was defended by fifteen hundred regularly organised troops and one thousand armed citizens, who were forced to as- sist in the defence of the fortitications, which were also much strengthened by the topographical features of the country. It is, moreover, stated that at the attack a river, which bad been dammed up for the purpose, was allowed to overflow al! the <round In front of the works. This caured much trouble to the besisgers, ‘The fight lasted seven hours, and was wel! contested on both sides. It appears that the defenders of the city ropelied the attack, bat wore the following day forced to retire to- wards Morciia, from their mabiliiy to hold the place. ‘The soliowing is an extract from the official report: — At the siznal for the attack Colonel Cota, followed by the battalion of Casaderrs de California—(1 believe these are American troops)—and protected by those of Juarez and the Crsadores de Occrden’e, was the first, with that dash peculiar to the solders of the West, to assault one of the fortifications, This was (be moment at which tho place should bavo fallen into our hands; but per- haps the misfortune was, (hat fuur of the gnns so ably managed by Colonet Avitey, and the unequalled efforts of Cofone! Banda, with his infautry, were not snfliciont to check te fire of the enemy. All hw reserves and artiliery upon the Third brigade, Major Manuel Perez and eight of the bravest officers of the Cazadores of California being badly wounded, it was found necessary to abandon the fort, the remainder of the force remaining in the trenches under command of Lieutenant Colone! Emilio Lezezpi. At this moment I the Fourth brigade to charge, and also that Calonet Lomeli stould relieve Colonel Cots. The batual- ions Juarez and Cazadores cle Occidente fought hand i hand with the enemy, when Colonel Grauadoe, with the Rosaler battalion, penetrated into tho streets of the city, eaving tho remains 01 the Cazadores of California. The combat was most bioody and lasted seven hours, until all Ce We was expended. I was then obliged to withdraw the forc® im good order to the camp, there to awalt the arrival of fresh ammunition, wat { might ordcr another assault as soon as the park already on the road might arrive. Bat the enemy had suffered Sat and was incapable of longer resistence He the place at daylight. Advised of his fight T penetrated into the city, captured sixty prisoners, eight mountain howitzers, some muskets and an abu ant “Padependencia Liberts."’ Zawona, Feb. 6, 1867, MANUEL MARQUEZ. ‘Thore is no Very stirring news hore this week. General Joaquin Miramon, brother of the famous Micuct Miramon, was lately shot, afier being wounded and taken prisoner. I wrote to you that the inhebitants of samall town where Miramon was taken prisoner, Petitioned Escobedo to gave his life. this petition, for- warded to the government, had no effcet, ‘The government policy with regard to those who con. nue fu arms against tbe republic afier the evacuation of Mexico by the French will be very severe, i aan in- formed from @ high seurce that “it is pow considered sotative, President Jenres All att to uphold the empire must be against We do- sito of the People, and also with a knowledge that it is @ wasto of eens to taste, in favor of impermatiem, wi Personal motives of ambition OF revenge still hoid out deserve the severest Colonel Cota, misbs ment, and will receive it, ‘heir heads are not safe upon their shoulders, and the treatment of the case of General vuld be a warning to them."? r © 18 rapidly preparl to Castillo, now @ Queretaro, Nike hundred men Alatorre lett Zacatecas on the 13th instant for @ rapid merch vo join Trevino. Arande ie qm route from Aguas Co'entes to Guanajuato, w thousand men, and rae 4 valuable aid to Trevii will leave for San Ton ith or dou of we Present month at been issued for every one to Prepared at any moment forthe march. The govern. a 03 the arrival of news that the is ogo" by the liberal forces of Dna. march, in that case, will be through to Mexico w groatest rapidity. 1 see that the long historic of Mexico, published in the Henan of May been transiaed into Spanish and republished phfet form at Monterey. power eey Journey of the National Government from Zacatecas to San Luis Potesl—Description of Gandalupe, ite Church and Convent—Fiav Works of Art—The Great Galt Ponds at Ponow Bianco—The Tiascala Indians, &c. Bax Lvs Poroat, Feb, 22, 1867, On Sunday, February 11, we loft Zacatecas at a quarter ast nine A. M, At the little town of Guadalupe, four NEW “YORK “AERADD) OR miles from the eity, the column baited for half an how, | cot Parada, A at Joft af "Ball-past coven A. : . burbed AL one to give time to examine (he fe:uous church and consent | ‘Toe covnizy tat ValeabiPad tincultenied, waters we peed on here. The beautiful temple, the shrine of the famous | Jess aiid desta. ‘The ptt acho wun Mexicaa Padre Maiyil, was much adgaired whole | toe roa atorded not even a& for the vrnles - iblasns ie Bud borer. La tarada yas Deautifur to eves bummed by pet. “ Ae parched up conniry; Bot ff wae benuiifal outy by uadalope fs an old town of six thosand | by a boid contra, nit aa Hog dust weed by Hprink four miles {rom Zacatecas, om the San Luis Potosi road. | tine, the tees im eee eee. erent wie ‘The town owes ite rageeansganeecinapalasoe | Deawsiiul measow lant sma waiver thread oo war the Zucatecas ores, It iso thriving looking village, regu- | buddenty desc nded iato t tain va‘ley, & was @ fenst such - ‘ fai tables we had lorly laid out ip squares, with the usual plaza. The Keenan Lite Fp Shigeea nitarad Principal object uf incerest here ts the old’ ehurehand | district; comm, wheat and eens eré the crop (r017 the irrigated fielta Tye hactenta about 260 square tuiles Of and, a snail place, go-Called, in Mexico. tne popolation of the valley is about'2,000, ‘They tive in the sua, user ‘The wile party was entertatned'at the Cara grande, and ip the usual style, ‘On Thursday, Felina y ogee was from La Pa- radato tau Lins Porgyt ete yes Five leagues from San Luts we bre ted the Tinseala Indian town of Mezquitic. Tn the year ¥ the ‘Conqulnsta: dores’’ seutionr hundred Lascaia ladians here, with their femilies, to subdue the barbarous tribes that ihabited the district, Those’ of tho tribe iat would not assim Jato with them they dispersed. Only a few of the native tribes united and formed settlements with them. ‘There aro severs! principal. settlements hete now, of which Mezquitic ts the centre and governing point. In the whole district (ue Indians pow number fourteen thous- and, and are the desoendanis of the original four bun- dred with their families, They are very docite and obe- dient. Although they reéoive orders from the authori- ties appointed fy the state to govern then, they never make any direct application to the governing power, but through a chiefwhom they select, and who virtual! rules them, they generally make all complaints or appti- cations, ‘Lhe chief of this offshoot from the T'asca!n tribe, which 1 will be remombered betrayed their country to the Spaniards, took dinner with us, He told hat he could raise from one thousand to two thousand mon in ‘an hour for any purpose, either in favur of or against the goyerument. He snid that the people under him were very obedient, It appears that there was also a detachment of siaetis eases ie to Caballs of one to Tehuantopec or the purpose of operating ‘aga’ the other Indian tribes. Others were sent to different parts of the country, where they have formed settie- ments, ‘The Indians here have expended $14,000 of their own earnings to connect their principal town with the State eapit: Although it was of great benefit to the capital San Luis Potosi did not contribute a penny. I under- stand that the State steadily refuses to aid these in their rea progress, that the Ioviansare very anxious to have common schools, but the ment refuses to make any purpose orto permit the Indians to make it them- selves. The Tlavcala dialect is now only spoken here by a few of the old people, The Indians say that the fa- habitants of San Luis make so much fun of the language at they will not use it, Spanish is now the réiling Jan- goage with thom. " A drum three hundred years old, made out of @ hollow Jog, and entirely of wood, was shown to the President» and party. Ht gave four distinct sounds. It was made before the conquest, and the Tlas- ealans brought it with them from their native territory when they Were sent here, ‘The paint woon it is yet good, and representations of the moon, stars, and some Mowers are still visible. From the beginning of the day's journey to this town, we passed under n:merous cloth decorated affairs, cov- with pocket handkerchiefs, The road was a suc- cession of decorations and rockets, The Iudiaus were in for a gala day, and wero quite lively. We passed several uf their bands of music on the road, each bund consisting of two violins and a drum, A Ieague from San Luis Potosi @ commission met the President to escort him into the e:ty. ‘There was the usnal turnout, rockets by the thousand, und a great di play generally, Under triampbal arch at the entrance of the plaza, two discourser laudatory of the liberal cause and its defenders were read. A stmple thank you from the President, and the party passed on to the palace, Here a number of misses, dressed in the national colors jor the occasion, sang the national hymu, and s: other songs. ‘The usual crowd followed, the usual ber of ewbraces and professions of fealty to the cause, the usual big dinuer, the usualnumber of long winded tonsts. I think, however, that none of them could com- pare with one at the grand reception whem Juarez en- tered Zacatecas irom Durango. REPUBLIC OF HONDURAS. SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE HERALD. What the Merchants Think ot Neutrality fm the Pacific War—The Yucatan Indian Inroad—Reorganization of the Militia The Honduras Bavana—Burial of Infants, iow See vos, Honduras, C, A, Jan. 14, 1867. In my last I mentioned the report of one of tho min- isters having committed suicide. Tne report.was but too true, although tho person was only acting in piace of the Minister ot loterior,, whe had gone on a visit to bis convent of Gusdalupe,om the.east sideof the tuain | Plaza, It is @ quaint old etractwure or pile of» buildings, with several domea, towors and curious tracertes, unique and fancial, The facade ts carved into saintly and angelic fgures, There isa front yard full of cypress trees, with curious old wall surrounding it," A fight of well worn Sleps lends up to the yard, and apoiher fight into the small church attached to the convent. Tis church, though small, is finely ornamented and wel! proportioned withim, There is a wealth of giidiug, perhaps too much. The confessional boxes are more numerous than in any chureh I have yet scon ; even two boxes under a corridor near the front, entrance were in use. Guadalupe must be very sinful, A gentlemanly old padre, with a shayen crown, kindly loft his Louse to show us the convent, This was founded by the Padre Marjil, who, by the by, wasa great lover Of all the good things of this life, and would have been A saint but for o little mistak committed in Zucate- cas, His piety having reached its maximum, he, in 1744, esiabliried this most famous edifice and dedi- cated it to San Francisco, We entered the build- ing by the sacristy through ® yard bordered by a cor- ridor.. Under this corridor are several paintings of life » but of inferior merit, They . represent curious scenes in the lives of the sate, One of them, anan- cient father, evidently prefora a bed of live coals toa beautiful woman, who stands near and tempts him; a funny old fellow that! ‘These pictures are somo of those savod from the wreck of the convent. As you enter the sacristy there arc several horrible figures of Christ suffering and bleeding, of saints stowed away hore for future bright days of Catholic rule and power. Several paintings of rajigious groups are algo found here, As works of art, they are not without mérit, although too highly colored, Upon®the wall ctv ering the whole arched back of the sacristy is an im- mense oi! painting upon canvas by Antonio de Torres. It is really a masterpicee of art. Tho coloring is soft, finished and masterlike, and the striking sbades of light give it a marvellous effect, It represents the Lord's Sup- per, but is of original design, not that of Leonardo da Vinci, Tho grouping and design make it a valuable study, and I recommend it to any lover of art who may pass this way. It is marked 1720, and was evidently brought from some other part of Mexico to this place. From the sacristy we went to the new chapel, now being completed, I was surprised, after walking through Some old rooms and yards lumbered up with ail kinds of trash, to find herein an old corner of the conventa jewel of architectural beauty just receiving the finishing touches. For some years it has been building, and at a lavish expenditure of money. The padre told me that $60,000 had thus far been expended on the interior work, ‘The chapel is very small; the plan a Greek croes of about sixty feet. Beautifully sewtptured stone columns sup- _port a perfectly proportioved dome, while three altars, of marvellous good taste, lend their ‘beauty to the classic outlines of the whole interior. The coloring of the stone work is throughout very rich and artistic. It is a jewel in the desert. Four miserable paintings, occupying con epicuous places within this casket, are a curso to its beauties ‘We pass'on to the convent per. It was but a few years since the home of from dhe hundred to one hun, red and wenty friars, The wholo building, except that part occupied as described, is'going to ruin, aud presents a bold example of the ruined fortunes of the Catholic Chureh in Mexico, It coversan immense extent of ground, and is two stories high, with one vaulted set of rooms, half under ground, tbree Lundred rooms atleast. One wing of the building was. for novices; another for the sick; @ third for the padres; kitchens, yards, stables, cisterna, beautiful gardens, the latter still weil culti- vated; little chapels for each Gepartment; everything, in fuct, for one of the most noted convents in }!exico. repair damages that I have observed in Mexico. They | family, The means of communication from this country appear too busy with lvil warfare to devotes penny to | 19 other portions Of the world are no few and far bo- vps hong fape is intensely Catholic. The | twoen that many things that happen bero and in neigh- shadow of this oid church, and the padres who still cling, | boring parts become so old that I'am forced to leave with fond hope, to the degayed grandeur of the convent, make it so, They sull hope for @ revivalof Catholic wer. a is said that many of the devout in Zacatecas, when they loso a dear friend, go to Guadalupe, there to enjoy ba pone we warlans pemin he Cal wld ‘e stopped for it at iente, a p! for batting: purpones, “Ihe town bes perhep, three for hing pul : per! thousand inhabitants, and :3 the centre of a fine agrical- toral district, An immense val.wy, stretching northwest Jofty mountain ranges. The reception of the goverament was very enthusi- astic—rockets in great numbers, a of seventeen pieces of music, and the strects decorated with ‘whatever the town afforded, for the purpose. The people crowded into the house to greet the great Mexi- cap, and a balf hourof shaking handsfoliowed. The thom out of my lottérs, believing that you mast receive them through some other source. At present I can only speak of some of their effects. The proclamation of this government throwing the ports of the repu slic open for the reception of prizes in the war between Spain, Chile and Peru, caused much eurprise and some alarm, to the merchants of this port, at least, who look upon the decree as not exactly fair towanis Spain. She has ‘everything to lose by it, the republics of Chile and Peru having no vessels on this side, whilst Spam has a great many. They know, very justly, that if a prize or prizes were taken Spain would retaliate, and do so by burning the houses and property of the residents; there- country traversed during the day looks like excelient | fore the merchants and those owning property expressed pasture land; but eae _ mee or nm yean ncn ol their opinions freely as above, ee oe soho ore ‘Ths premeditated attack of the Indians of Yucatan trotted along at @ good pace. A mistake of one of the coachmen took usitwo leagues out of the road; but a | upon Belize,\the particulars of which yourcorrespondent cross road foriunately led us directly to the town. from that place hag no doubt given you, has disarranged On Mouday, ee ‘we went from Ojo Caliente | the business of this port very much, the principal tradg to Salinas dei Pefion Blaueo, nincteen leagues, via Bi | of Omoa being with Belize, T never thought for a mo- Carro, twelve leagues from starting point. The roads | ment that the Indiaps intended to f° 80 far as Belize, were tolerably goud, through immense valleys covered | their object being merely to rob and plunder at small with nopal trees. Tho land was sandy and almost value- | points and at the stations of the logwood and inahogany less for cultivation, No streams of water cheered the eye, there was naught but a vast parched country, bor- dered by mountains, which fooked as if the voleanic rT barren sides. Nota cultivated patch on the whole day's march, except at the two baiting places, and these of no account. At the hacienda of El Carro we werr escorted (through the streets by a band of music, at several points al contributed their not is one of those old feudal estates so common in Mexico— upwards of two thousand retainers are gather:d around the great mansion, subject tothe nod of the pr Upon asking ove of the principal men of the piace how mach jand belonged to the estate, he answered, “Muy , Ido not know how much exactly, but it is very Tieue, perhaps from sixty to eighty aw, The prin- ing. cutters; to take all the prisoners tuey con an entirely new footing. y divisions—of the East, South, West, consisting of nine battalions. The President who is now a lieutenant gen- eral, bas supretae coramand, Among the principal and other ofticers are some of the President's most bitter foes, he having selected men from ali the political par- foe alike. We shall see how it will tarn out. Tho population of this couniry, according to the last Gazetie, the government and only newspaper, is three hundred thousand, more or iess, from which popu- lation they caiculate upon thirty-mx thousand five hun- dread fighting men. think the ostimate of the entire too small and that of the fighting men or é cipal businees of the place is sheep ‘The dinner here was sumptuous—of the feudal time— ers. greatly overrated; but goverment should dishes loaded pe pa seal meupaninnte mentios “a best, #0 let it be as say. e% ~ hole sheev—and everything proj Ting fooking over a Warx.y BALD jugnet 1866. the Yepest there were seated at the door two is an article entitled “The Fruit Trade,” ia a agraph and two rancheras or rancho girls, These, when the band of innsic Was net playing in the patio, kept up their thrum- are planted generully among the plan- ming on the barps, accom ied by the wild unearthly | tains, without wo Separate piace. There are stramns commen to the Mexican rancho. One of the giris | wwo distinct One when ripe, of a beauti- bad rather a classic prodle, a low forehead, andedinely | fui brown and purple color mixed, and of a de- cet nose; her eyes, of the Oriental type, rolled wildly | licious fixyor, something betwoen that of vanilla and asehe piiched into the merits of the —_ Both girls | allspice, ‘combined with their pecuhar sweet, luscious held in the right band @ long cigar, whi my rong aroma, Lig be wt abuadantiy m the yel- im the mort ‘ol manner at every lull in the tune. | low banana, are much larger. I have qunted as The left hand of each was more usefully many as ove hundred and fifcy <i; ‘pon onebuty or scratching at the roote of avery thick head hair, | racime as the natives cail it, of the yellow ey evidently for the purpose of quieting some disturbing | are to be had here all the yoar round. The of the influences whreh gave more or jess accent to the tune. | plant grows from tweive wo fifiecn feet in hpight, and They sang L@ Paloma, Bb Sombrero Ancko, and other ye pe aE, vg inches, sunge of the ranchero type, according to the strength and moisture of Each salinas del Penon Blanco we reached after a pan deg yh Ye it is cut food roud, # greater of wWe way over a vast dowa and left to ripen the house, the Slope, nearly level. slope was the ecene one ae oe up. stems, of an ‘portant cavalry contest in one of the iate civ! | #0 that time the first fruit is cat two ware of the country, At Salinas there are several large | to five stems coming forward. They | worth salt ponds, the largest perbaps three square miles in ex- | here twelve and a Lalf cents per bunch, tent during the ecason, and double this in the rains. The people of this country have some These ponds about nine per cent of salt in their parade = glen gg vg coe Ag watera Phe ea yp ot fesiing and poetry. They be gg tories upon ft, 4 ee Sees net a ae egy) its The amoust inanufnctared exceeds: ascends emg Fos Zito pounds som At the time of the French in. place of wee tbe pu ri a waiee is wes taivet i parents cae ro oe the purpose of obteinin; was am, two iindred ‘and ty. Anevers' doptb, without gaining their neighbors; music is broug ‘the object sought It is now proposed to continue it to of guitars, and four buncred meters’ depth. I doubt if they obtsin the the evening the young people eter oven ah tals copih; Oe the-cenassp tm. Abe vieleay ee ee been very roughly tossed about by voleamic action, | wardrobe ; =e - wiretidcnson ‘of hd’ rocks) vonp minace ais. roe a Cie s eatin ae ‘the barial barber “the Cane Grande of the estate is s notable building, | ee front pir te lively air, but in the! and could be bus live improved evem if it were @ style ;, next European country seal. Money has been laviably 6; tens carry! an aries di pended in 4 decoration, in gardens, fount H ines of an oval Foom, th: pin alley, artifcia! boat ved witha beoutival covered over With white paper tower in the centre, a serpentine stream with a masonry | an imitation of roses, in blue ‘ining, a bathing house, and everything in which the abu’ of rl The mansion is & Be core after the th windows. Itstands | comes be ‘hare surrounded by | is enti over with ye peony! ite numerous some by loop! work is sorrout by | on his or her Sometimes it is @ wot ditch with heavy masonry re young te, st and the fortineations woo signed. 10. protect, ae seach a ba deck aa tale jam from pil iat bands band! crowd men, nomeroe sia timpene a Some of the rel or friends of the wost of thie poimt Ramos, considered vy Merico. goon as le they commit Neat themountain of Penon Blanco, from which thie | earth. At this part of the piace Lakes ite mame, are unworked mines of gold and | an and brutal. tives enna toOe of eee She condiain bas pte the country bas never permitted their development. On Tuesday” February 19, we journeyed from Salinas vite large ail they to Kepiriva Santo, eight leagues, We left at eight A. M. | and bam down until all the “dine atone P. Mi place. It does uot ee vez vivid inita Santo we were met by some sixty bo: person to form an a froma Wares to Wwelve years of com Bast nad wiht wih in after this & Baudily colored pocket handkerchief attached to it. | and this, too, In eight cases out f ten thore is They forined jive on each ide of the President's coffio~siothing bub e.simple iuile ma wrapped Bod rau into the hacienda shouting their eipns He the dodgy and 4 Iv & piece Of coarse calico, nother dinngr of fendal proportions followed: wine | As soon as ee ieomecnitd thts wala Toade on the estate and wine imported, whole forme, having left the ornamented the head of Goats, tarkeys, and enoagh for a regiment, the and retarns to the house of the spiritu Santo has about five hundred and perhaps playing (he same ar; * ly noted for ite mamutaasure of meseat, Gut of Again, ad coalutives, With the exoepion a lite ne ‘which it reaps an annual revenue of $60,000. terminsion to ins cup of coffee e On Wedueeday, Feb. 20, we went from Bepiritu Ganto | aqeardiente, ‘andi (he next mormes. THE NEW POST OFFICE SITE. Mayor Ho%man’s pian for the erection of a new Post Otice in the City Hail Pars is exciting aulversal com- m:utand opposition, aud, as will be seen from the fol- lows correspon », is decidedly objected to by all Ciug,05 of our citzens, ‘The following is a copy of a communication forwarded to Richard O'Gorman, Corpora’ on Counsel; # ieee. March 18, 1867, To 18 considerable! ale of @ Portion of Ricmarp O'Gorman, Ever isenasion aud exsitemout al the City Park to the Um ed 3 tor & Post Ollice, aud as you aro (he law ouiver of the Common Oounea of New York, I beg leave to pre ent some views to you fpon that subject, [assume that the Park was originally es- tablished ag a commons ground of the city similar to the commons grounds of cides in England, That the Park is the commogs for the commoa us» of the citizens o New York, not of one generation exclusively, bat of every generation through all ima And therefore the city Legisiature haa no rigiftful authority to sell any pore tion of tt to the exclusive possesion of any party what- soever, The late and ever to be venerated Roger B. Taney, in an opinion given by Lim woen be was Attorney General of the United States in relation to a perpetual grant to a railroad company of Now Jersey, set forth that no legisiative bedy could assume to itself ex- clusively the authority. of legislating upon any subject of legislation, but that each succeeding Legisiature had the same rightful power and authority to legislate upon the same subject which the preceding one that legis- Jated in the iirst tnsiance bad; that if not so, a Legis- lature might dispose of the rights of sovereignty of a State and call it @ contract, at abiest of constitu- tionai writers upon our system of government, Jobn ‘Taylor, of Caroline, Virginia, says, ‘The federal goyern- mont cannot alter a county, incorporate a town, divide a State or obtain @ pittance of land without the consent of the State government.”” Yours very respectfully, PF, W. BYRDSALL. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. That the new Post Office onght not to be located on any part of the City Hall Park is, doubtless, the opinion of nino-teuths of the citizens of NewYork, and yet it is very likely to bedone, To say nothing of tho daily jam of omu:bu3es and vehicles on the Broadway side, and the crowd of street cars from a half dozon railroad routes on the Park row side, and the.confusion worse confounded which the adjunct of a great public building would lend to this quarter of the city; the very great obstruction which would occur, trom piles of stone, brick, iron, mortar and other materials, to the travel of pedestrians and vehicios during all the time of buldiog, would be an evil to canse even the stones to cry out “deliver us from this boodage.’’ Parks and public grounds in the lower portion of the felaud are already too stinted and narrow. In a sanitary point of view tue streets and aventies of a great city are ita veins and arteries of ci-culation, Public and private parks are iis great lungs or breathing. oles, You may vell cut out or destroy by compression or discase the actions of a portion of the living lungs of a human beiug aniexpect the same development of active life and power as to cram with brick audstone and mortar the lungs of & great city and expect the pulse of public action to beat as fuil and the streatn of public life to flow as free aloug its arteries. Already a great lett lobe of ty lungs has been sacr!ticed to the mammon of iron, orpse of st. John is being hurried over the stones to the catacombs of the Hudson River depot. In the uame of the over crowded masses of humanivy who inbabit (rom Canal stcet to the base of Manhattan Island, whose only promenade or pleasure ground is to be found rn the few sumted rods of City Halt Park, do not cw this last breatning hole by piling up the at- tem! siruction of @ Post Oilice for the richest and great ly of America, That (he new Post Otlice onght to be located in the vicinity of the large printing and publishing houses, Which furmeh ninety-nine hundreaths of all tue paper mail matter, and no: far away from Wall street and the banks, insurance and other business offices, which fur- nish a like proportion of the letter mail matter, is an axiom ip the pubiic mind And canno: this rich and powerful government do as 1auch to provide itself and the iniltion citizens of New York with a post office, as with @ custom house, 4 treasury buiidimg or a fortand arsenal? Let the general government determine in what biock the focatton would be most central and best adapted to business, in view of future growth, as weil as of present necessities, and then, as a private indi- vidual or a corporation wouid do, let it proceed to pur- chase the ground. If the government requires any particutar spot or any position of private grounds for public deiense or public uses, government takes ity If the price between the iudividual owner and the q missioners of governaent cannot be mutually reel upon, it 1s duly condemned, appraised and paid iis Logistature that public Af she State declares th: Recessity or pablic convenience requires a canal to be dug, or a railroad or highway to be opened through any man’s land, authority 1s found to accompiish the work. Private riguts mnusi always yield to the ments of public necessity a3 weil 2s public safety, M Now if ‘any unbiased individual, one whois familiar with the daily tide of humanity which every night and every morui! jes up and down th: ry Dot have tie hope ot some favor fa bis tind, who hee no ‘ion in the lobby,”’ whose ¢yo is not dimmed by 2 iancied reflection which tho walls of a mew post oifice..will cast on his candy shop, or om bis friend’s peanut stand; one in fine who “has no friends to reward nor enemies to punish,” were called upon todesignate the block most siftable for location, all other things being cqual, he would unbesitatingly say “build it on tho bluck bounded by Nassau and Pari row, Beekman and Ann streets.” Whatever quarcer of this block may be selected there will be an open street und free access on three sides, Suppose the Lovejoy House, corner of Beekman and Park row, or the Nassau Bank corner shouid be chosen; and for « Post hacecbapeY United States Court rooms ade- quate to the wants of this great city fora quarter of a coatury both these corners would be genoral delivery part of the office be ton the siteof the Loup eouee, The ‘ata tank baldng e a fine, substant rpetcns, and could bo converted dimensions as time and increase of cms Te- ample quire by adding a new structure on lots 127, 129 and 181 Nassau sireet, extending to the American News Acrogs Theatre aliey ihe two departments could be united by an arcade aud in the interior an ample court made for ail express wagons and other vehicles loading and unloading mails, Whoever hus bad down Liberiy street alongside Ottice “and seen the two-thirds of the street by the arriving and departing maiis will at once agree that the new Post Office must bave an ample inte- Tior court for @ll this work. Comfort, expedition, ne- cessity and secunty demand it. In tho proposed joca- tion ou the Park there would be no room for all this work save in the open strect, without encroaching upou More public grovud of the city, Suppose the Park row and Ann street corner to be selected, tal-ing all the ground up to and including the Powers Hotei and back to Theatre alley. This would ge fold more desirable than au 0 Park. These premises are at present ot nacrmenmy whieh at ‘ge phony tS ve place to More imposing structures. The expense of purchasin; or the aysessment of value on these would be compara pee eo Hee in erecting @ now post office on this cornet public and judgment would unite in ma k- ing along the sou: side a wide or a re- cessed facade, thus effecting substantially the very de. sirable purpose of widoning Ann street. Theatre alley, - ae 4 rey Qo setge eat he the court fol nv scharging ‘Dbags, the Joaded wagous making their departure by the same alley on Beekman street. If deemed n: now or at any future time, this site could be extended along Ann street, taking in Nos. 107, 109, 111 and 113 on Nas- sau street, aud admit of the same convenient division aud coment 4s at the north we northern portion of the A paramount consideration in favor of the location ‘upon this site is that, for oh parr the city and consequent increase of business, buildings could Joke pee id enlarged; and the day may not be far = it when aoa of the American Conti: require a facilities ‘York which ought and the general gore CASI lace nie government to place upon the ‘an edifice equal to the General Office in aahington city. all means let Now York 5 age anne et Xm Deamvere hn amt a Pont Oftes on thernarrbe wedge of land voon Oreas, way and Park row. E. M. BARNUM, 137 Broadway, 70 THE EDITOR OF THE RERALD. ‘Returning to this city after an absence of many years, Tam better qualified perhaps to note the great changes whieh have taken piace than 8 great many others who have resided here all the time. i see much which has Deen done wo admire, and much which has not been, done to regret, famous Broadway—an evil abont which and written, and as yet to no pmctical pay mal the subject one which can be cared, and accordingly Puig af for ugh in a straight effects doing it:—First, cut Hudson street and Cortlandt street, line to the corner of Broad: us of the city to Broad rect; tovend, out through Church street the nd third, remove the two large and filthy markets, and Fulton, up town, one on each side These throes objects effected, the relict of der decidedly enton inate tial, ae part of Broadway wiil find at once side of the uy, wherees of vehicles, pedest: & Broadway, ton to. Chamber 2, the Broad % z z i i all the travel an outlet present i i 8 z i it i il A WDA WOMARCHY 22.0186 722RIPLE JSBEET.y fhctall these gyouues sho't bo made to lead direct to Ge Battery. Mr. Editor, please take with me your stand at the comer of Broadway sud Fulton streets, and mark the Giierent cerremis pouring into thab mgbty macistrom Of aman life Obs Sends up its thouzan tons tho the dixth, Seventh ped Sight svonue lines mailway all Drookiva on e one file, and eo res of New Jersey on the other, alf meeting at or near th!s point. What else cam expecta bat confus nd ban! swearing? Aodif, a8 I bear, the n: ‘nipent, Post Office is to be piaced at the foot of the Ci'y Ifa! Park, why it will, T Delieve, be Hiterally an impossibility to get through tne ass of Obsiru tions there concentraied. in Loudon and Paris, in the torwer elty more particu- larly for uttity and ih the latter for splendor, itis no Uncommon affair to remove thousands of houses at “on feli swoop” when mecessiy demands it. Thus, in Construction of the docks ia London in one 1,800" houses, covenug over — twenty~ fowr acres of ground, with nesriy 12,000 inhabit Qnts, ‘were purchased and removed, and in another case nearly double tha number; while in Paris @ splendid avenue is opened for the adornment of this magnificent city. But then, you say, this is not Europe, and that the democracy are not willing to pay for such thi but this is a very sbortsighied policy, and es year will convince them of the truth. Years ago it would have been @ very easy matter to have widened Church street through its entire length, but now it is quite @ difficult, agair, with its splendid ware- houses, You Americans are, in fact, 80 pro- gressive a ple and = advance 80 rapidi; that you must consider the time when Now Yor! will contain its two or three millions of people, like London, and the remedies should be applied in time to relieve its inbubitunte; and sooner or fa‘er this must be done, The creat’ misiortune of New York is that it seems to have but one really fine yore, in it—viz,, Broadway—thus everybody gots into it. If there were other avenues from the upper part of the city leading direct to the lower part comfort and convenience alone would cause them to be travelled, and the overcrowded Broadway avoided. ‘I see no reason why there shou!d be any tunnels under the earth or railways over the tops of the steeples. The opening of the streets as I have proposed and the re- nioval of the filthy market nuisances will effectually re- lieve your splendid street, as trade is constantly moving up town, and the jam in Broadway is now probabiy as great as it ever will be. [ hope you wilt not deem this an intrusion, and T should be highly pleased to see it mserted in the columns of ‘the leading journal of America, REFORM. THE FLOODS IN THE SOUTHWEST. SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE HERALD, The Holston River Flooding Knoxville— Heavy Loss of Preperty—The Damage in it Couuty—Suffering Among the Peo- Knoxvitts, Tenr., March 16, 1367. Agno mention is made inthe New York Heranp of the 12th instant, received here last night, of the terrible flood which has devasted East Tennessee, I conclude that the telegraphic and other correspondents have failed to apprise you of it. I therefore send you a brief sketch of such matters as have fallen under my own ob- servation, Tne month was ushered in with as bland and cheerful weather as often occurs even in this favorite climate; but on the 2d inst, a heavy storm of rain commenced, which continued with only a few occasional hours of in- termission until late in the afternoon of the Sih, The usual rains of February had raised the Holston ard its tributari ew inches, perhaps something more than a foot above the ordinary jevel; but. no apprehension was entertained until the 4th, when the detention of both East and West, apd the constantly increasing depth of water in tM river, threatening the bridge across the Hoiston (built by government in 1863- 64), began to excite alarm. Dwollors near thy river banks wore called uponte give shelter to their’ neighbors, whose houses stood closer to the rising waters, and many of the lesser buildings were carried off during the night of the 4tly , This doleful condition of things was -aggravated by the continued rain until tue nicht of the ‘when the bridge was carried away. Meanwhile the water from the river had “backed up” around the less groups of from ten to fifty persons might have beco geen at hoor between ‘daylight and dark, watching the of the flood, and speculating upon the prob- abilities of certain Duildings, which had been believed tobe rods high water mark, being taken down stream. ‘From ‘morning of the 5th until the flood ‘began to of whole familes of poultry, porkerts and.m dave stock in * pack. shore, and a few hardy evidenuy of water, vouts of tho "above meationed ar- ticles, ag well as corn, Oats, &c., by the dextrous the blades of » inetead of sickies, These Providence tempting men would pull out into the seeth- ing current, joad their skis und canoes and come back to discharge cargo, and sall On a new venture, with an intrepidity of @ moro lucrative reward. Stilt the water roge. » The bride gos, aud no commus nication with. “South America’’—as the trans-Holston district is calied—and the highways find byways being inundated on all sides else, the price of eggs, butter, atoes and other edibles in which your housokeeping readers .are maloly interested, went up. Wood, ordi- narily a drug in the market, became as sterling as gold, and poverty stared ts Knoxvillians in the face, Alas! wo were not the only sufferers. Iu the Holston My MT the Watauga to the Ten- neseee river, the same lation has been caused by the flood that has occurred in our immediate neighborhood. The same is true in the valley of the Clinch, from Cum- \d Gap to the same point, A few items from Knox- ith such as I have been ablo to gather frum some- extensive travel over the districts, may interest your readers, At Knoxville farce oem coils bave been completely Tulned, two oe Washed awny entirely, ard the other only ‘by being moored by the hhawsers to bo obiaiped; machinery of cach, total lusa, Aggregate loss estimated at $57,000. Warehouses, with contenta, some entirely gone—iloated from foundations; total loss estimated at $46, Sash and blind factory, with machinery and Jumber; loss $10,000. Pottery, in- eluding quantity of ware, iinished aud partially’ 80, $8,000. ther buildimgs, of different value, at least $50,000. Bridge, estimated at $47,000. Total tor Knox. ville, $218,000. This does not inciude the leaser Losses of those on First and Second croeks, who, being in somewhat reduced circumstances, feel their josses more keenly perhaps than the capitalists, la Biount county the section over which I have passed exhibits a more deplorabie state of affairs tban the immediate vicinity of Knoxville. Every stream was swollen to @ degree never before heard of, end those which had a gentie current were converted into torrente. Little river, some seven or eight miles below this point, a whole village was swept away, save one house, an old tavern, which had @ 3 bi widage ain ee ings and i i were gone uildings, both dw outbuild: 4 and in caves thecorneribs and stables cootained i in i A rr nity will doubtles be ‘the North to aid in Nar benevolent ating the sufferng from this cause. x W. DEPARTURES FROM NEW YORK. MEN AND SOTTRAMTTON-—Steamebly Americ: arene _" it Sel and family, New York; remem Hse Pescheiy salienore, lander and wife, New York: A Terzog, Chicago Rolffs, ‘hildren and servant, New Y ‘ork, Mra Beffelt and gon, Ho- foxen; E Meh "gc rua; > Hinrichs, Vera Cron: W lexioo: J Behrmann, New York: G Hani a: Migs K Schubert, New York: peileee, mies Mr eipsteln, eter” Oe ee ‘Anderson, H Bbsen 7; P Hehe thusch, Milwauk J Purbken, lowa; fon, kee; © is AK c ry 43 nis: © Althen, Milwankee; A K Williams, Cincinnati; BE Honriein, Onio, C r, Milwaukee; Mre Miersch and ebildren, Pennsylvania; 1. Marx, New York, Hf Warnek, Bremen, and 71 in the steerage. Migs Wilson, Carlisle, Mes Ww: ited iss Lance, stedeiue ta tte m J He Y » r a iti ae i= WEST INDLES. _, QUA HAVANA CORRES PO} DENCE. Comments on tho New System of Revenue— Bank of Santiago de Cabs Bursted Up, &e. Havana, March 14, 1867. The late royal decree substituting the old system of taxation by a new method of imposition is the a'l-absort> {bg theme of conversation rnd disoussion in all circles of Havana, and probably ere this in ail parts of the island. The Spanish party, and especially the mercan- tile classes, criticize the measure in the bitterest sige possible, because it is, they allege, burdening commerce More and more, to the great detriment of their trade, and only to the benefit of the planters and ownersef real estate, &c. They even attribute (he measure toa weakness on the part of the Narvaez Ministry in seceding: sto the doctrines so perseveringly inculcated by El Sige, for the purpose of creating discontent among the Spanish party. There can be no doubt that they are not far from the mark. For my part, everybody ought to rejoice that the old system will soon be defunct; one of tho-e old props of weak gow ernment which are ere long destined to be swept away from the face of the earth. It appears to me (and mang well informed individuals join me in the idea) that the present steps takem by the Spanish government is @ sagacious prelude to a final determination to do away with all custom houses in Cuba, as soon as it can be can ried out conveniently, after the people have been a Little mured to the property or income tax, which will t= wen, of course, find powerful o ition, The Bank of Santiago de Coba has finally ghost, It bas failed, without a spark of sume, The steamer Pelayo, from St. Thomas, Porto Porto Plata, &c., arrived yesterday evening, pe Ra following items of news:— PORTO RIOO, ‘The dates are to the 3d inst. ‘ ‘The sugar market in St. Johns and Mayaguez was met without lite, but not active, The Spanish Cousul at St, Thomas reports no new cases of cholera, and in consequence clean bilis of health will now be tssued. Ashock of earthquake was felt at San German om + ad %. It shook the town clock and rang all the e's. The new intendente, Don 8, Alvarez, has arrived. VENEZUELA. ‘The dates from Laguayra and Porto Cabello are to the 23d ult, but no news from the cap'tal has arrived. After considerable anxiety a favorable solution of the events in Carabobo 1s announced, all having been tram quilized without any bloodshed, "Generals Sulazar and Bolivar had taken possession of the city, and tranquillity immediately followed. General Lopez, charged with toe oxecutive power of the Siate, was immediately released. from prison. ‘The committees of the Senate and the House of Repre- sentatives were installed on the 20th. ‘She steamer Bolivar had at inst arrived at Laguayarm, after a long paszage, for want of coal and owing to the damace sustained by her engine. General Falcon arrived at Porto Cabello on the 22d; Be was expected in Laguayara on the 24th. @ Feativitgs on the part of ttie municipality awmted him CANADA. SPECIAL CORNESPONDENCE OF THE HERALD. The Fenian Scare in Montreal - Preparations of the Anthorities—Rumors—Confederation Matters—Who is to bethe New Lieutenams Governor of Quedec, Kc. Montreat, C. E., March 18, 186%. Of course, the universal topic now is the probability of a Fenian raid. If such an attempt fs made ona sale at ail to be compared with the preparations for its recep- tion it will bea monster. In Canada the brigade majors are all on the alert, issuing stores to make up deficiem- cies, and warning commanders of volunteer corps te hold themselves in readiness to march at a momen¥@ notice. Noxt Saturday’s Gazetle will contain a procla- mation removing the present prohibition on the importa- tion of arms forone month, Last Saturday's is filled with appointments and general orders, all alining at one thing—the preparation at once of the volunters for Im ” mediate active service. Telegraph offices are kept opem night and day, and men are generally Fenian mad. ven up the ope to re dian authorities are clamoring for more troops imperial authorities, after the comforting assurance from these latter that the rebellion in Ireland had beam stamped ont, There 1s, I may add, no truth in the re- port that Sir William Eyre was to be sent out to Canada Contede on con ete rot oh in state ration . Inu io tO for the elections, quo. Alt Lower Canada is pro which wil! be held in June or r iste, of conservatives, will make determined oust a great many rogues in both Legislatures. ticeavie feature in this campaign 1s the great number who are in the fleld as cand:dates. such illiterate siore! Sah ue eS chr ag we the = rae ‘Governor fea Quebec is mazy. 'e started with Juage Caron, sank rapidly to the Hon. John gre nace o Hate Joseph Mee Bal kd of Quebec, and the last to be desired for apposition, At the raeew 4 is on Judge Carona. “pens Lay indeed @ appointment were ven e nc! ‘Thore is still constdoranis talk over the Grand affair at ar where. = — pts aa sor emt coroner’s brou; @ verdict laying oath of a fireman xt the doors of the and track superintendent. Ona of this verdict was until Dame Rumor, to allow Mr. Brydges to sail for {fan the track itera tigtica condition tm many "planes i the | is patent; im fact one buys bis accidental assurames ticket with a kind of certainty hat it, will tu e director, however. 18 bas ordered T learn, eight thoweand” tous rails in England, and bas gone there to endeavor to raise a loan to relay the trick. an Jnmber Sue still ie A with o Lota ‘sen: fears Cantey, opel aien-an $16, gold, Teel, Sales of several million this ensuing ing, have been made by a prominent house at The Next Honre of Commons—All Quiet on the Frontier, &ec. l ay th Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Branswick and Columbia, Prince Rapert’e Land has also rig ty a at OR aa ous it will extend in an almost direct line from the At lantic and the Pacific, and commence the on the Seeretary Seward v bn Sor it afew years ago Paul. A RIDICULOUS ANSWER TO A RIDICULOUS PROPOSITION. 10 THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. New Yonk, March 21, 1867. “Im your 1seue of the 19th instant you have inserted » letter from “‘A Canadian’ inviting the co-operation of “Oanadian republicans’’ with the Fenian movement, and that, too, on the ground that the interests and aims of the two parties are identical, After a little nonsense, under the heads of ‘firstly, secondly and thirdly,” he concludes thus:—''Therefore let the Canadian repubi- residing in the Unit Recere vasbrenags cca 1 ‘with you fob fnserting the above famed tier, on fm ep tn Sal Ast uite Joyal British in thie ‘oily for ‘glo- a8 We don't want t ®t Lawrence, T's ibs of >;