The New York Herald Newspaper, July 13, 1866, Page 6

+ 6 ——. NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, JULY 1°, 1866.—TRIPLE SHEFT, NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR OFFICE N. W. CORNER UF FULTON AND NASSAU 8TS. Volume XXX1. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, ‘OOD'S THBATRE, Bi opposite the St. Nicholas arvat—Karacenn O'Nmit. “ ARI UL Tae COMBINATION TROUPE, at wD LavGaas.e Ewraerainuants, Co! al fas Sruzsts or New Youx. \way—In 4 VaRinty OF rs FEATS ARR Avenue, between pity. commencing at 8 o’Clock. MOOLEY'S OPERA —! OrtaN jpramusr—Halcane, Bui Pisromes a" A NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY. 618 Broadway.— aes Wien Tux Oxy-f MicRoscorm twice daily, Openfrom8.A. Mtl 0PM. eer ITHEATRE, Fifty-ninth ABRONAUTIC AMPH! Sixth 10.—Bartoonine, Tight Rore ana TRIPLE SHEET. New York, Friday, July 13, 1866. The steamship Persia, from Queenstown on the lst of Suly, arrived at this port yesterday morning. Her news A number of war tolograms from Bohemia show that severe engagements had occurred between the Austrian and Prussian armies in that territory, but the accounts are #0 very Qomflicting, each country claiming the vic- tory in terms equally positive and circumstantial, it is almost impossible to estimate the value of the result. ‘Tue Austrians allege they defeated the Prussians sevorely on the 27th of June, but the Prussians prove they ‘were advanoing and driving the Austrians on the 28th ‘The Hanoverian army, with the King of Hanover, had s:rrendored to the Prussians, Tho Kings of Hanover and Saxony and the Elector of ‘Hesse wore in exile from their capitals. Tho plan of the Italian campaign has been altered. General Cialdini ts not to attempt to cross the Po into ‘Venotia, but is ordered to join the King’s army between Cremona and Piacenza. The united Italian army will then numbor about three hundred and twenty-five thou- sand mon, when now movements will be made. ‘Tho Austrians were rather successful over the Italians in the mountain passes. We Lavo very interesting dotails of the battle of Cus tozra, wliteh goto prove that the Austrians purchased thoir triumph very dearly. : Earl Derby had formed a strictly Tory ministry in England; but the Cabinet details wero not published London was greatly agitated, and large crowds of work- ingmen congregated in the palaco yard and other places to ,roct the defeated ministers and government ro- formers. A member of Parliament termed these crowds ‘as “agitating mobs," ‘Tho Atlantic Telegraph fleet was just ready to sail from the coast of Treland. Consois closed in London, June 30, at 86% a 86%4. United States five-twenties, 65' a 65%. dhacount remained at ten per cent in London, Tho Liverpool cotton market ruled quiet on the 30th Breadatuffs quiet, with a steady market, Visions were downward. In the Senate yesterday, the Tariff bill was received from the House, and after a lively debate was referred to the Committee on Finance to report next December. ‘The Legislative Appropriation bill was received from the House with amendments, and a committee of con- The Nagera ship Canal bill 8 consideration the Senate ference was demanded. was taken up, but p uid In the House there portance transactod was no business of interest or im- An amendment to the Telegraph assed on tho i1th was proposed, but after some emarks between Mr, Alley and Mr, Washburno it ‘as committed to the Post Oflce Committee. © the Mississippi went over under the rules, ‘Twenty thousand copies of the Tax laws ware ordered to be printad, and the House adjourned. ‘Throe cases of cholera were reported in the city yes A trial was made of steam disinfection at one of the engine houses which proved highly successful, Matters at quarantine were quiescent. reported on some of the ships in the lower bay. cases of cholera wore reported in Brooklyn, four of ‘The Board of Supervisors mot yesterday, the President A report of the Committee on Taxes recommending the appropriation of $700,000 for the ex- ponditore of the Fire Department of the city for the your 1867 was adopted. The Comptroller was authorized to issue revenue bonds for the payment of judgments In regard to the requisition mado by the Polico Commissioners for the sum of $317,301 64, to pay the increased salaries of the mem- bers of the police force, the committee think the revenue derived from the sale of licenses adequate to pay such inorcaso, and they desire the opinion of their counsel dofore proceeding furthor with the matter. Tho Commissioners of Charities and Corrections met yesterday, President Bowen in the chair. The architects of the Now Inebriate Asylum on Ward's Island are to be paid three anda half per cont on the amount of com tracta in full for their servicer; and the laborers belong- ing to any of the institutions engaged in dig- ging the foundations are to be charged for at the rate of In answer to a communteation from tho Prosident of the Modical Faculty of the Now York University the Commissioners announcea their in- tention of placing the representation of the various schools of medicine on an equality, and not granting to any school privileges not enjoyed by the rest, At the meeting of the Chamber of Commerce Com- tTitioe yesterday $10 312 additional were reported as re- ccived for the Portland sufferers, making $40,620 in all. At the Mayor's office $300 wore received, or $1,745 89 in all, making @ grand total of over $43,000. ‘The Board of Councilmen failed to meet yosterday, a quorum not being present when the roll was called, whereupon the President adjourned the Board till obtained against the city. $1 25 each per day. An enthusiastic meeting of the friends of liberty was hold last evening under the auspices of the Italian Cen- ‘tral Committee of this city, at Dodworth Hall. Speeches tn English, Italian, Spanish and French, and band enlivened the assembly With patriotic Italian, American and French airs. ‘Tho anniversary of the battle of Boyne Water was - esterday at Landmaan’s Park by the Ameri. Mount Carmel Lodge, Messrs, Wilson G. Hunt, George A. Osgood and Wil- liam P, L4o, bave been appointed Commissioners of Ke timato and Assessment in the new up-town Boulevard. Judge Ingraham has denied the motion made in Sa- preme Court, Chambers, to dissolve the injunction yeatraining tho Board of Health from interfering with tho stands at Washington Markot. Colonel William R. Roberts was arrested yesterday on an indictment found by tho Grand Jury charging him ‘with violation of the neutrality laws. He gavo bail in five thousand dollars to answer . ‘Tho farther hearing of the bounty Jumping case of Janes Rioily against Jamoa Hughes was resumed yos- terday before Commissioner Osborn, General Fry, the late Provost Marshal General, being the principal wit- now. He tostified that General Baker was chargea by him with the suppression of bounty jumping in New “York and the neighboring towns, Tho case was ad- nolly, & Scotch woman, Was arrested yester- with kidnapping a little boy, whom she porintendent Halliday, at the Five Ghe confessed to the kidnapping, and says that sho bas boon arrested several times before for the same offence, childstonting being with ber « magia Sho wa tranetorred to Bay ‘The total amount raised in Now York and Brooklyn top to laat ovening tor the relief of the sufferers by the and fire is $76,957. Ray wmpias ugase alayes atrived in this diy on the ‘steamer Eagle from Havana, on the éth inst., who were Yesterday arrested charged with having stolon $6,000 worth of jewe'ry, clothing, &c., from their owner 1D pert ‘Theyovafessed to the theft and were com- mitted. io - ‘The twentieth annual-commencement of the Academy of Mount St. Vincent was continued yesterday, the dis- tribution premiums being th> principal feature of the day. Archbishop McCloskey presided over the exercises, and the visitors, parents and friends of the pupils were much pleased with the impartiality and justness of the awards, The stock market was steady yesterday, Government securities, and especially five-twenties of 1862, advanced under the foreign news, Gold was buoyant and closed at 152%, Trade was rather more steady yesterday, but in no- wise active. Imported goods were generally very quiet, but firmer, in sympathy with gold. Domestic produce was irregular. Sugar was in fair demand, but the market was weak. Coffee was wanted, but the rates demanded were too high for much business, Cotton was dull and drooping. Naval stores were dull and generally lower. Linseed oil steady, On ’Change flour was dull and 6c. a 10c. lower on low grades, Wheat was dull and heavy for common qualities, but steady for prime, Corn was steady, while oats were dull and heavy. Pork opened dull and lower, but closed quite active and firmer, - Beef was steady, while lard was du!l and nominal. Whiskey was quiet, Freights were more active and firmer. MISCELLANEOUS. ‘The news from Paraguay and the River Plate is inte- resting. desperate battle was fought on the 24th of May, at a marshy creok called Estero Bellaco, in which the Paraguayans were severely handled, being defeated, with a loss of four thousand killed and wounded, The loss among the allied army was not so large. The Para- Guayans retired to their fortifications, Baron Porto Allegro, with his division of the allicd troops, had reached the pass on Parana river, which he found disputed by four hundred Paraguayans, but no account of a collision at that point is mentioned, An interesting letter from our correspondent travelling with Generals Steedman and Fullerton appears in to-day’s: paper. The particulars of an important civil righ's case 1m Lou'stana are given in full, and further instances of the abominations of the contract system as it has beon practised in the Southwest, Still additional facts relating to the rule of General Whittlesey in North Carolina have been brought to the attention of the Com- mission. The extortions of reverend agents of the bureau have been, it seems, as prevalent in tho Gulf States as in West Virginia or the Atlantic, The transfer of the freedmen’s affairs from civil to military juris- diction appears to be as advantageous in Louisiana as elsewhere. Very encouraging accounts of the crop pros- Pects in Louisiana are furnished. The Commission was to sail from New Orleans for Toxas on the bth inst. Our correspondent at San Francisco gives an account of agricultural matters in California, which will be inter- esting to farmers everywhere as well as those otherwise interested in that fertile country. The rupture in the President’s Cabinet has almost reached ahead. Rumors are rife of intended resigna- tions. Postmaster General Dennison is known to have offered his resignation, and it is almost certain that Moasrs. Stanton, Speod and Harlan will follow his ox- ample. Two gentlemen from Missouri called upon the Presi- dent at the White House yesterday and informed him of a deep-laid scheme on the part of the radicals to carry the Missouri election by force of arms if necessary. Sccret leagues were being organized, the militia armed aud arms shipped to various portions of the State by Governor Fletcher, for the purposg of influencing the election, The President assured the gentlemen that, as it was his dutty to protect all citizens jin the enjoyment of their rights as such, it would only be necessary, in case of such outrages, for the citizens to apply to him. ‘The Orangemen of Upper Canada celebrated the anni- versary of the battle of the Boyne Water yesterday in Toronto, The annual meeting of the Grand Lodge of the Free Masoas of Cauada was held in Montreal, 50,000 in gold were subscribed to the Portls fund in Montreal on the evening of the Lith, whe Revolutionary Caucus as WW ashing- ton. The Jacobins of Congress have been in council at Washington, and they have openly declared revolutionary policy; have un- blushingly placed at defiance all sense of pa- triotism, all censure of public opinion and every consideration which governs the actions of honest men and elected servants of the peo- ple. The spirit of the late radical caucus of Congressmen cannot be mistaken. It indleates, nay more, it shamelessly affirms, the determina- tion of these men to disregard the sentiments ‘vy constituents, to ignore the interests of itry and the government, and proclaims theia » band of spoil hunters and office seekers. Since the present Congress was in session we have seen how the radical element has been striving for power by every means, regardless of the good of the country ; how it has been drawing tighter and tighter the bands around the President, in the hope of crushing out the authority of the Executive and concentrating power in the hands of a clique of unscrupulous politicians. For this end the radicals have assailed Mr. Johnson in vituperative language unworthy of the lowest class of society. They have heaped taxations upon the people in every shape without mercy. They have kept the country disorganized, advocated and in- sisted upon disunion, crippled the resources of an entire section, kept up the prices of the necessaries of life to the masses, checked the progress of the nation for a whole year, and set on foot jobs of the most scandalous character which involved fabulous sums of the public money for their own benefit. If this is not'a fair epitome of the action of Congress we want tq see a more correct record. And now, on the eve of adjournment, this faction holds a caucus whose action can only be compared to that of the infamous revolu- tionary clubs of France preceding the bloody days of 1789, and not dissimilar in the violence of the language used at the meetings of those bodies, One member calls upon his colleagues to “strip to the waist” to fight the battle out on the radical line against the Presdent. Another threatens to demolish the Cab- inet, Another designates the Chief Mag- {strate as “this madman.” Another, taunted by his friends for his repeated tergiver- sation, makes a drivelling apology, and pro- mises to goin neck and heels in any future revolutionary measures that may be adopted by the party. And for what is all this unseemly and dangerous business done? To prevent the President from exercising his constitutional right to make appointments to office in the absence of Congress, lest the radical party should lose its grasp upon power and the spoils. There is nat even the pretence of any other object, except opposition to the Philadel- phia Convention, set forth in the resolve that while the House virtually adjourns to look after the fall elections, the Senate shall remain in ses- sion to block the wheels of government. We should not be surprised to hear next that these disunionists propose to ge‘ze upon the person of the President and take 11> reins of power en- tirely into their own hands. It would bo going Tho question of a tariff Dill is creating | O@ly one ste further in the course of revolu- as great an excitement in Canada as the same question | tion than they have already taken, and the ishere, The opposition to Mr. Gatl’s financial batzet | whole tone of the caucus points in this direc- was universal among the peopl, but it was thought that the Ministry would bo sustaine? by a small majority when Parliament tested the question by a vote, The little ship, variously called the ‘Yankee Doodle” and the “Red, White and Blue,” was spoken by Pilot Free- man, of the boat W. H. Aspinwall, on the 10th inst., at eleven A. M. She was standing southward, with fore and maintopsails set, but’ making little headway. The following day she was seen by Captain Crowell, of the steamer Norman, from Philadelphia, about eighty miles cast of Sandy Hook, standing eastward and going finely under easy sail. Frauds to a large extent are alleged to have been dis- covered as perpetrated by a New Jersey bank, the namo of which ts withheid for the present, in order to further the ends of justice. These frauds are stated to have been practised by the issuing of bogus certificates of deposit which were used in purchasing goods by ac- complices of the bank, Several parties throughout the country are alleged to have been defrauded of large sums in this manner, A disastrous fire occurred at Philadelphia yesterday afternoon. The Tacony print works and five other build- ings were burned, as well as the Trenton Railroad bridge over Frankford creek, Three hundred employés in the print works are thrown out of employment. The loss is estimated at two million dollars, ‘The amendment to the State constitution of West Vir- ginia disfranchising all rebels was adopted in Wheeling yesterday by over six thousand majority, The brig Rodman Pratt was destroyed by fire at sea on the 8th instant, while on her way from Baltimore to Falmouth. The crew escaped after drifting about in an open boat until the 10th inst. ‘The Tennessee Senate has ratified the constitutional amondment. There is no quorum in the House, tion. From the reported proceedings of this radical caucus of Congressmen the reader will perceive that its purpose was to head off and bring into disrepute the proposed independent Union convention in Philadelphia next month. It will be perceived how vehemently Thad Stevens insisted upon his resolution, which was adopted, that it was the duty of every member of the republican party to oppose that convention by every means possible. And why oppose it? why endeavor to bring !t into disrepute? Be- cause the combined forces of the conservative republicans, such as are left of the Northern democrats, and all the loyal men of the South, would give the final blow to the decaying radical faction. We may regard this violent demonstration at Washington—this howling and gnashing of teeth—as the death struggles ofa party which, during its enjoyment of power, has not done a single act to commend it to the respect of the people, but which has won for itself universal execration. The object of this caucus was to damage the approaching conven- tion, but it will not be at all surprising if it has the effect of making it vastly more popular and more important. The Prassian Trium in Bohemia and Hanover. The superior strategy and energy of tho Crown Prince of Prussia in occupying Saxony and Hanover have reaped their full reward, and already Prussia has gained the territory necessary to the proper regulation of her some- what ragged frontier. The addition of Saxony, Hanover and Schleswig-Holatein to her do- mains makes the kingdom perfect in form and formidable in power, and if she can hold what she has won she becomes one of the first Powers of Europe. In stirring up the war she had everything to win and nothing to lose. Now she has everything to lose and nothing more that is desirable to gain ; for in going further she may weaken herself, She has effectually broken up the German Confederation, has swallowed the dainty pieces for which she craved and would be content to digest them in peace, only asking “to be let alone.” Austria must now become the aggressive Power, unless, a8 may not be at all improbable, she should suddenly and unexpectedly consent to the dismemberment of the German Confederation, make it a matter of the “fatted calf” with Prussia, and sit quietly down to devour a nice slice of Hesse- Darmstadt with all of Baden and Wurtemberg, leaving Napoleon to quietly pick the bones of all that is left east of the Rhine. But whether or not Austria intends to ad- vance, it is apparent that Prince Frederick Charles is able to take care of his own. The surrender of the Hanoverian army to Von Beyer and Manteuffel, near Muhlhausen, took place on June 29. Von Beyer, who had occu- pied Cassel on June 24, demonstrated towards Frankfort, incidentally using up, it will be re- membered, a Darmstadt regiment of federals at Friedberg, and then hastily turned towards the east and pushed slong the river Weser in Tae News From Mexico.—MAxiMmian IN A Very Bap Way.—The correspondence from Mexico which we published yesterday is ex- ceedingly interesting. At Bagdad the liberals routed the imperialists at the point of the bayo- net, and the liberal army has occupied Mata moros. Liberal victories are reported in San Luis Potosi, and Marshal Bagaine’s recent movements, which appeared like the com- mencement of a new campaign, are now ex- plained as arising from his anxiety to save the French troops from furtkes defeats in the interior. Mejia, who has arrived at Vera Crus, with the remains of his command, declares that the Yankees took Matamoros, and that he can- not fight the Americans and the liberals com- bined. In a word, it is evident that the depar- ture of the French from Mexico will be more like a retreat than a withdrawal, and that Maxi- milian will be forced to accompany them in- stead of remaining behind to try his fortune with the Mexicans alone, as he intended some time ago. The moral power of the United States has brought matters to the present crisis. The liberals are encouraged, active and reinforced ; the French cannot fight with any spirit, know- ing that they may be recalled at any moment. Maximilian has no money, and is obliged to borrow funds from Marshal Basaine to pay the wages of his servants, Austria can send him no ald, Napoleon bas given up the Mexican business, and is engaged upon grander Ea- ropean projects. In fact, the empire is at an end, and it now behooves Maximilian to take care of his fature. If he should act according to his desires, he would probably return to Aus tria, take command of the royal navy and join in the great war; but from this he may be de- terred by a natural dread of the ridicule he will encounter for his Mexican failure. We advise him, therefore, to come to New York and rest awhile after the fatigues of official life. Our people will receive him splendidly, and be dan enjoy himself much better here than in Mexico. As Santa Anna will soon leave us to lead the liberal army, Maximilian can occupy the General’s present mansion while Santa, Anna reoceupies (he Mexican valages, sion into that body. standard shall be fixed, or such @ conflict of delegaies, eracy are preparing to elect delegates, und we presume that the Knights of the Golden Circle in the West, headed by Vallandigham, will be desirous of taking part in the proceed- ings. We also learn that the Albany Regency is packing up its platform timber and sbipping it to Philadelphia by way of Buffalo and Erie, in the hope, no doubi, of avoiding detection until the time comes. are all of these interests to be admitted into that rathering without any pledges beforehand ? Dean Richmond and his Regency associates should be called upon to forswear the Chicago platform and its declaration that the war was a failure. to repent for having received the twenty thou- sand dollar rebel check from Canada and pay it over to the soldiers’ orphan fund as evidence of the sincerity of his repentance. should be forced to renounce all his old peace- at-any-price heresies and make a full confession of all bis operations in tbat line, and how mach he was paid to keep up the performance, while the shent-per-shent faction should be required to give bonds for their good behavior. Nothing short of a clean breast on all these pcints should be accepted. No half way business will answer. fession of all parties is had, and that, too, in a manner that ensures sincerity and a real anx- iety to reform and obtain forgiveness, the only salvation for the instigators of the Philedel- phia Convention is to establish a test oath and require every delegate from the North to subscribe to it. time to interrupt the Hanoverian army in its passage of that stream at Langensalze. After a sharp fight at this point the Hanoverians wero forced to move north to Mublhausen, and eventually to surrender that place to Gene- ral Von Mantenffel, who was in pursuit of This surrender reduces the military question to one of holding the Saxony and Si- lesian lines. The engagements of the 27th and 28th of June at Turnau, Skalitg, Trautenpn and Nachod show piainly enough that the Prussians are perfeotly able to do this. The accounts of these battles are conflicting, but none of them, not even those of the Austrians, indicate or claim a retirement from Bohemia on the part ofthe Prassians. None of the fights were en- gagements of importance. They were fought by advanced corps and raiding cavalry forces, between the lines of the main armies, and in- volved in their result no strategic or tactical advantag:. They were fought merely for the destruction or preservation of matériel and lines of approach. Both parties contested them with a persistence which plainly indicates the importance attached to the lines of railroads upon which the engagements were fought; and it is doubtless in the district of Bohemia lying between the present lines of the two armies that the war will be fought ont. The situation is more favorable than ever for the Prussians. The surrender of the Hano- verian army will leave Lieutenant Generals Manteuffel and Von Beyer free to push down into Hesse-Cassel and establish themselves in front of the Federal allies of the Austrians at Frank- fort, Mayence and Wurzburg. This will give the Prussians a strong, perfectly-connected and interior defensive line, extending from Cassel on the right through Eisenach, Leipsic, Dres- den and Zittan to the mountain frontier of Silesia, and a line pretty accurately describing the southern frontier which Prussia covets and tor which she fights, The Philadelphia Convention and the Political Factions. The National Convention to be held in Phila- delphia in August appears to have stirred up quite a breeze among the political factions. The movements on foot to elect delegates throw considerable doubt upon the question, who is to control its action and what faction will shape its decisions. The most serious question that will arise and the one that will overshadow all others, is, what qualifications are necessary to entitle a delegate to admis- It is essential that seme interests and great diversity in sentiment will exist that it will be impossible for the conven- tion to harmonize upon any point. It is pro- posed to be a Union convention, and it is there- fore necessary that the politicians who attend shall present a clear record on this point, or else furnish sufficient proof that they intend to be good Union men hereafter. There is no use of holding the convention unless guaran- tees of this kind can be obtained as indemnity for the past and security for the future, There is no telling what outlandish scheme may be proposed unless everything of the kind is headed off by a fixed standard of qualifications. We notice that the shent-per-shent demo- cracy endorse the call and propose to send Mozart Hall and the peace demo- Now, the question is, Ben Wood onght to be called upon Fernando Unless a full, free and frank con- This oath can be varied from that established by the radicals in Congress, and so changed as to suit the circumstances of this Conven- tion. The Congressional test oath applies exclusively to the Southerners, but this Convention proposes to admit the delegates from the Southern States for the purpose of agreeing upon 4 restoration plan, The danger which this Convention has to avoid is the su- premacy of thatelement in the North which has ruined every party that it has touched. To reach this evil, all the Northern delegates should be called upon, in the absence of a full confession of their sins, to subscribe to a test oath, declaring that they never indorsed the Chicago platform nor had anything to do in its manufacture ; that they nover participated in a peace-at-any-price convention or mass meeting; that they never received a check from the rebel conspirators in Canada or else- where for twenty thousand dollars or any other sum, and that they never were in favor of ex- cluding loyal Southern representatives from Congress. With this oath enforced and every Northern delegate required to subscribe to it before taking a seat in the Convention, the dis- organizing element can be kept out and har- mony secured in the proceedings. We throw out these suggestions to the committee and the consolidated national clubs at Washington having thie Convention in charge, We can assure the gentlemen who compose these clubs or the committee that these suggestions are worthy of their consieration, and by adopting them they will find that they will save themselves a great deal of trouble and ®& vast amount of anmoyance, and perhaps obviate a defeat of their plans and programme. Ova Nava Orrictn—Gevenat Gaant’s Can- pipate.—The followipg letter from General Grant to Colonel Hiftyer has been placed in our hands for publiaation:— Henarp that I have in any manner en your ap- pointment as naval’ officer, told what was untrue and ‘what there was no foundation for. As far as | allow myself to go in taking recommendations I have gone io favor for the appointment alluded to—cl pointe Benen You are not the “oldest inbath. * but you have no other home but New York city, and aro unquestionably as eligible for office aa any other citizen, Yours, is ’. & GRANT, Lieutenant General. To Colonel W. 5. Hnavan, New York. General Grant for the office in question. eames next* Tue Cabinet Crisie—Commencement or # Dissolution. Close upon the heels of a change of the Brit- ish Ministry we have s ministerial crisis at Washington. The very atmosphere in the Old World and the New seems to be charged with the elements of change and reconstruction. Postmaster General Dennison has resigned on grounds of polisical differences with the Presi- dent, Attorney General Speed is reported to have tollowed his example, and Secretaries Stanton and Harlan are expected to follow. To the independents’ Randall, Doolittle, and Dixon call fora Union Johnson National Con- vention in Philadelphia, it appears, we are in- debted for this commencement ofa dissolution, and the story may be briefly told. Within the last thirty-six hours there have been some very remarkable and momentous movements at Washington in the way of politi- cal reconstruction. The call for an independ- ent National Johnson Union Convention af Philadelphia has resulted in an extraordinary effervescence among the old political elements, and especially among the radicals of Congress. As John Minor Botts,in the days of the old Whig party, declared, in reference to Captain Tyler, “ We will head him.or die,” so has “old Thad Stevens” issued his edict, and all his followers say “Amen!” in regard to the heading or beheading of Andrew Johnson. This proposed Philadelphia Convention, as it @ppears, has satisfied even Senator Wilson at last that the President has gone over to the Copperheads, and so, without mincing the mat- ter any longer, he is to be headed off, cirgum- vented and put down. To accomplish this object, three combined movements were undertaken. First, the radi- cal caucus, which has pronounced against this proposed Philadelphia Johnson National Union Convention in August; secondly, a counter- convention in Philadelphia, in September, of Southern radical republicans ; and, thirdly, a supporting movement among the radical ele- ments of the Cabinet, By the first of these agencies it is expected the whole rank and file of the republican organization not personally bound to the administration will be whipped into line ; by the second device this formation of an active Southern party in support of Con- gress and in opposition to the President is an- ticipated; and by the last expedient, of a mutiny In the Cabinet, the radicals doubtless desire to push Mr. Johnson to the extremity of submission to Congress or to the alternative of a Cabinet reorganization while the two houses are still in session, so that the Senate may at once be able to pass its judgment, yea or ney, upon the nominations made. This is bringing the “irrepressible conflict” to a fight at close quarters. What will be the consequences? We remember that when the old dominant whig party of Congress of 1841 were about to issue their edict of excommunication against President Tyler, Danicl Webster, his Secretary of Staie, inherited from General Warrison, touchingly inquired, in view of tis rupture, “ Where am [ to go.” Mr. Seward is now in the same predicament; and like Webster, for a little while longer, he has probably concluded to take his chances with the Administration— Vhiladelphia Johnson Convention and all. But this is the Johmeun pill which the amiable Post- master General, Dennison, of Obio, has peremp- torily refused to swallow, and a similar refusal is expected or reported from Messrs. Stanton, Harlan and Speed. The other two Cabinet members, Messrs. McOulloch and Welles, it is thought, will still prefer to go with Mr. Seward for the bird in the hand to all the birds.in the bush, even though put to the test of endorsing this Johnsonian National Conservative Conven- tion. But will the President apply this test? Thaddeus Stevens and the radical caucus have thrown down the gauntlet, and the President, we think, must either take it up or surrender at dis- cretion, He must, being driven to the wall, pro- ceed to bring his Cabinet to the test raised by his enemies, or he must abandon his Philadel- phia Convention, his policy and his party, and admit his Administration a failure. The Cabinet collapse, at all events, has com- menced, and a reconstruction may be consid- ered inevitable. We have had the cry of “wolf, wolf” so often repeated that it has for some time been utterly disregarded ; but the wolf has now really entered the fold, and the black sheep, it is reasonable to suppose, will all be sacrificed. We are stillin the midst of the greatest events of the nineteenth century, and neither congresses nor cabinets can stand atill. They must advance with the spirit of the age, or they will be displaced. Avoruer Rapicat Atrepr to Grasp SurkeMe Powsn,—The bill to regulate the time and man- ner of hol ‘ng elections for Senators in Con- gress has bwen passed by the Senate by a large majority. This bill requires that the manner of electing Senators to the State Legislatures shall be openly by a viva voce vote, not ky bal- lot, as has been usual in most of the Btates. By the adoption of this measure it will be impossible for conservative republicans and union democrats, without showing their hands, to coalesce for the purpose of sending « person of liberal views to the United States Senate. No conservative republican can throw off the yoke of party tyranny without having the fin- ger of radical despotism pointed at him, his political aspirations crushed, and even his social relations marred and undermined. In this way the radicals expect to avoid any such hitches in carrying out their extreme plans as occurred in the last Senatorial elections in the Legislatures of New Jersey and Connecticut. They intand to hold the lash over their conscion- tious ns, and, adopting the course of Thad Stevens, in the House, whip them into subjec- tion, Here, in endeavoring to secure the Senate in perpetua, we may see another at tempt on the part of the radicals to grasp supreme power and to retain it with that degree of pertinacity for which past arbitrary legislation has rendered them so notorious. What is the next part in the revolutionary and usurping programme of the radicals? Tae Taurr Bus, Lam Over m1 Decew- nun.—By 0 yote of twenty-three to seventeen the Tariff bfil from the House has been laid over in the Sqnate. The Sonate doubtless consider- ed this bill too heavy « job for the approaching dog days with all the other heavy jobs upon their hands, Besides, that which is olear profit ‘tn the way of tariff protections to the New Eng- Jand and Pennsylvania manufacturers and im- porters with heavy stocks on hand, is dead loss This is conclusive as to the candide@ of | to the great West, and even the radicals there Who | begin co to understand it fence this defeat of Thaidens Stevons in the Senate, We gan- gratulate the great body of the American peo ple on the result, It is a victory of the people over the monopolists and lobby jobbers, It is notorious that our railroads are worse managed than any others in the world, and that, consequently, there are more accidents here than elsewhere. The truth is, our rail- road companies are mere stock gambling con- cerns, and neither the lives and comfort of the travelling public nor keeping up the value of their property by repairs give them a moment's thought. Most of these companies, especially those of the more important railroads, have issued a far larger amount of stock than their property is worth. A railroad that cost not more originally than ten millions of dollars to construct and equip, will be represented, per haps, by double that amount in stock. Of course the earnings of the road will not pay dividends on such an amount, besides the working expenses and cost of repairs. New stock has been issued in some cases for divi- dends ; but more generally dividends are made from the money which ought to be applied to keeping the roads in good order. The public are deluded in this way; they think the declaration of dividends shows the prosperous condition of the companies, whereas, in fact, it only shows a cunning stock-jobbing deviee to keep up the stock on the market, This is the practice with nearly all the rail- road companies whose stock we see quoted at the Brokers’ Board. The consequence is, all this railroad property is becoming deteriorated. The rails, bridges and other buildings, are not kept in repair orrenewed. Can we expect, therefore, anything else than news every fow days of dreadful disasters and loss of lifet Ts has been said that corporations have no soula, and we do not think the individual members of these railroad companies have much soul or feeling. Reform is needed ; but how can it be made? Obviously only through the State Legislatures and through Congress. Stringent laws should be passed regulating the construo- tion of roads in a safe manner, requiring a suff cient number of signal men and turnouts, and also that the roads shall be fenced in wher ever practicable. These and other improve ments should be made; but espécially should no company be permitted to make dividends while any portion of the road or its works and rolling stock are notin a perfectly sound and safe condition. Our railroads are fast woaring out, and unleas there be some legislation on the subject soon, we may expect to hear of the st frightful catastrophes. Tne Sovrnazrn Lorauwrs’ Convention.—The associates of the radicals in the Southera States have, it appears, issued a call for a con- vention to be held in Philadelphia on the first Monday in September next, This is no doubt started parily for the purpose of offsetting the conservative convention in August, but mainly to lay the foundation for anegro suffrage party. At this Convention the Hamiltons, Boitses and Stokes of ihe South, the Gerrit Smiths, Fred Douglasses and Wendell Phillipses of the North will no doubt all gather and lay down the creed of the negro suffrage party, on the basis of lands and ballots for the negro. Thus we shall have within the neat two montha4wo parties organized to take the place of the present organizations. The republican party is in its death struggle, and there is as great commotion over its final burial and the birth of the new party as there was in 1856 over the inanguration of the re- publicans. This gathermg in Philadelphia in September is to perform the midwife cere- monies of the party which is to take the placo of the late republican organization, and as such is to enter the contest as the sole opponent of the party inaugurated by the convention in the same city in August. CITY INTELLIGENCE. Ranaoap Accwsnt.—Between six and seven o'clock on Wednesday evaning a boy named Joseph Bennett, aged fiftoen years, residing at No. 289 Ninth avenue, had his foot badly crushed by being ran over by a Ninth avenue car, on Canal stroet, near Varick street. The sufferer was conveyed by officer Loftus to the New York Hospital, A Streamer Suxx.—Yosterday morning at about half. pastone o'clock the steamer J. H. Lewis, Capt, Davis, owned by Councilman Stephen Roberts and others of this city, while towing» coal bargo up the East river, ran on a rook and sunk. Tho loss is estimated at $15,000, unless she can be raised, which is still undecided. She was insured in the Phownix Insurance Company of Now York for $10,000. Tho steamer had lately been re- paired, and this was her first trip since she was used aa a tug and passenger boat on the Potomac during the war. Sorerrivovs Brotautr.—An inebriated soldier, just returned from the South, was yesterday arrosted at the Battery by a policeman of the First precinct, The sol- dier resisted at first, where upon policeman number twa ame on the scene. Nathing daunted, the boy in blue showed fight, but a blow froma locust on the side of the head left him at a disadvantage, which was prompt. ly seized, and with arms twisted behind ho was hurried along the streets towards the station honse. Bui the captive rallied, and put forth such efforts to free b imeelf that soveral officers were required to hold and restrain him, It was during the struggle which ensued that one of the officers committed an act of brutality which ¢licited cries of Shame!" from the spectators. The unfortunate soldier had his opper clothing, snirt and all, completely torn off bie ; his face was cov- ered with blood, and, writhing im the strong bands that held him and curmng his tu the Cebriom of pas- sion and drink, he was an o! of pity as wollas « fit subject for removal to the Station house. In the dis- charge of his duty the conduct of policeman 2,245 was a |. While the ‘was on the ground, held up force behind ‘police officer 2,245, holding on in in the h. Cries of “Shame,” perhaps, prevented a ition of the brutal ect; but there were few of the ers who did not see in it a gross broach of duty, as disreputable to the party committing it, as it was to the general conduct and repugnant to the Individual humanity of the force. Amuversaay ov Borss Warten, —Yosterday was cole- brated by Orangemen generaily as the anniversary of tho Battle of Boyne Water, fought in 1600. The strugglo partook of religious character, Inasmuch as tho forces arrayed each other were respectively Protestant+ and ica, §=©Landmann's Park was enlivened yoster- day by the festivities of this celebration An association known ag the Amertesn Protestant a Mount Carmet ), No. 1, composed mainly o! ” ee an ee bo epee ~ ra sembled there ir friends, and passed aw: . hours of the sflevacon ‘and ovening with dancing and feast Thore were several hundred of both sexes present, and all appeared to be enjoying themsecives Jet or hindrance, Daowxap waite Barmno.—John Milrott was drowned last evening, about cight o'clock, while bathing off the ‘not recovered. Battery. 6 bedy wee 'y also chosen a trustee of Col- Amherst © ‘The exercises of the Forty- red . Governor Chartes 0. Wiliam New York sreteais the Union Coliegs; L. ©. of Heory A. Williams, a eran tea . Bil Thurston, of . Bowles, recently Semen @ trustee, ; Ward toge. tiisiume The Epiecopa! vention in Bath, Me. Para, Maine, July 12, 1968. Convention to-day, Rev. Alex were J ‘was lected by the “ Bishop, but he dectined the office and wiih drew name Rov. F. Dp. Huntington, DD, of tou waa (ion unautmougiy elvcted Bighan