The New York Herald Newspaper, April 27, 1866, Page 6

aaa... eae 6 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR OFFIOB N, W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. Volume XXXI AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway, near Broome atreet.—SOLON Smingix—Live INDLAN. WOOD'S THEATRE, Broadway, opposite the St. Nicholas Hotel. —Sexiovs Famicy—Hyrocuonpatac, IRVING HALL, Irving place.—Buixp Tom's Gap Piano Concears. SAN FRANCISCO MI Metropolitan Hotel. —£ Tux Boanp or Hxaura. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, 201 Bowery —Sina+ anc, DancinG, Burursquxs, &c.—Tux Bop Roper, GEORGE CHRISTY'S—OLD, Scuoo. oF MuinstRatsy, Bauvaps, Musica Gexs. 4c.. Fifth Avenue Opera House, ‘Nos. 2 and 4 West Twenty-tourta street.—Buack Sratuz. RELS, 535 Broadway, oppoalti aN SINGING, DANCING, 0.— BRYANTS’ MINSTRELS, Mechamiow Hall, 472 Broad way.—Nucuo Comicatimixs, Bunursques, &¢.—Tawing 4x ‘Borpuaxt. HOPE CHAPEL, 720 Broadway.—Avsert Russtut, PRestipicttaTEuR AND VENTRILOQUIST. HOOLEY'S OPERA HOUSE, Brooklyn.—Erurortax Mise STAKLSY—BALLADS, BURLESQUES AND PaNtowiMes. DODWORTH HALL, 806 Broadway.—Porvtar Con- cunt. BROOKLYN ATHEN AU ConsuKon. Rosert Heucre, tac Gaxat GERMANIA ASSEMBLY ROOMS, 293 Bowery.—Inisn Naionau Fam. NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway. New York, Friday, April 27, 1866. — THES NEWS. EUROPE. By the arrival, yesterday, of the steamship Nova eotian at Portland, and Africa at Halifax, we have news from Europe to the 15th of April, three days later. Tho advices are of an imporiant character, political, Bnancial and commercial. The German crisis continued its warlike aspect. ‘ports prevailed at one time that a settlement would be effected by the sudden and simultaneous disarmament of Austria and Prussia; but the very latest despatches say that the chances of peace are vanishing hourly. ‘The Emperor Napoleon maintains that a radical recon- struction of the German Diet, as proposed by Prus in, opens the question to the intervention of the Powers represented in the Vienua Congress. Little faith was placed im the promises of French neutrality in case of war. Mr. Gladstone introduced Earl Russei’s reform bill in the House of Commons on the 12th instant after an ani- mated address. Tho crowd assembled outside the house ‘was not very numerous or demonstrative. The advocates of the measure, including Mr. Bright, were loudly cheered as they passed in. Lord Grosvenor moved his amcndment secking a postponement of the Reform ques- tion, with the support of the conservatives and Derby- ites. The debate stood adjourned. It was thought in London that the government bill would pass the House of Commons. Mr. Goorge Peabody’s.letter to Queen Victoria appears in our columns to-day, It was reported in Madrid that General Lersundi was @ominated Captain General of Cuba. ‘Tho Crown Princess of Prussia, Princess Royal of Eng- and, was confined of a daugnter. oad Centre Stephens’ presence in Paris had lost its interest as affecting Fenianism. Consols, with many foreign securities, commenced to ecline in London after the sailing of the City of Boston, on the 12th instant, and almost -a panic prevailed on the Stock Exchange next day. Three failures took place in the city in connection with the approach of the semi-monthly settlement, soon afterwards that # Pinto, Perez & Co., already noticed in the Hxratp, iting to half a million of pounds sterling. Great prevailed on the 14th instant and American ‘ka were lower. On this day tho Paris Bourse shared the excitement, an active cause of the agitation being circulation of a report that very unfriendly relations ‘Dxisted betwoen the governments of France and the United States on the subject of Mexico. Consols closed in London, April 14, at 8574 a 8634 for money. United States five-twenties, 67 a 67%, ex-cou- pons. The Liverpool cotton market was very dull, with @ panic, on the 14th of April, at a decline ranging for two days from 1d. to 34d. per pound. Breadstuffs were firm. Provisions dull. ‘The French cotton market was much depressed by the ‘nancial crisis. CONGRESS. In the Senate yesterday a bill was introduced provid- Ang for the payment of the claims of loyal persons for stores furnished and services rendered: the army of the ‘United States. A petition was presented. and read for @he expulsion of Garrett Davis, of Kentucky, on the ground that he declared that he would consider himself an enomy of the government, and would work for its overthrow, if the Civil Rights bill becamo alaw. The petition was referred to the Committee on, the Judi- Ciary. The bill to facilitate commercial intercourse be- twoon tho States was.under discussion when the Senate ‘went into executive seasion and adjourned. In the House the bill to facilitate telegraphic commu- ication with the West India islands’and the Bahamas was passed, The unfinished discussion of the Pacitic Railroad bill was continued. A joint resolution of the ‘Wisconsin Legislature declaring it to be the duty of Mr. Doolittic to resign wes referred to the Committeo on Re- ‘construction. THE CITY. Twenty-eight additional cases of cholera were received ‘on board of the hospital ship Falcon on Wednesday, and Dut two more deaths have occurred. The total number ‘of sick now in the hospital is ninety-seven, but we are asured by Dr. Swinburne, the Health Officer, that the Misease is now assuming a milder form. Dr. Bissell, ‘whose illness was reported yesterday, is recovering, at Wr. Anderson has returned from Washington, having Jailed in his endeavors to obtain Sandy Hook for quaran- Lino purposes. Ata meeting of the Board of Aldermon yesterday a Posolution was read and adopted directing the Committee on Markets to report on the most expeditious manner of erecting a one story iron building suitable fer market Purposes on the site now occupied by Washington Mar- kot, A voto from the Mayor was received, setting forth hhis objections to a resolution passed at a previous meet- fing of the Board allowing the City Inspector to retain the premises occupied by himself and his clerks for a pace of thirty days, to enable that officer to close up he affairs of his department. The Board adjourned to Monday next. The Board of Councilmen held a short session yester - day. A resolution appomnting a committees of five from each Board to make arrangements for the celebration of Qho Fourth of Jaly was adopted, as was also a report of fhe Committee on Arts and Sciences in favor of furnish [ing the Governor's room with portraits of ex Governor Wlark, Governor Fenton, ex-Mayors Opdyke and Guather pad or Hoffman. The Scandinavian Socioty last night met at its head. go in the Bowery for the purpose of discussing he Excise law, and it appeared that there is an appre: Hhension on the part of the society that they will be sub- Danlie. Noma because they are in the habit of dis- naing liquors and beverages at the club room among Phe mombera, But as this is done by a bired person, fand a4 no liquors are sold, they resolved to ap- peal to the courts, if the Board of Health should pee At to require the society to take out ® license, ‘rom remarks made by members of a eommittes conferred on the subject with the Board of Piealth, it appeared that the Board is in doubt pwhether it has the power to impose a license on the 1y, Wiiok appoars to be a sort of literary and social nb. {a the Superior Court yesterday, before Judge McCunn, rous Schwarts brought a suit againat the Hudeon River (road Company for injuries done to his horse and which wore run into in 1864, st Yonkers, by @ Jocomotive of the defendants, while he was crossing the ek. Damages were laid at one hundred and ven dol- ‘The defence put in was nogligence om the part of Bhe plaintiff, for whom the jury, after @ short bearing, e verdict of ciguty-fve dollar, Re- | NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, APRIL 21, 1866,—TRIPLE | SRERT. ‘Tho nitroglycerine case came up yesterday before Commissioner Betts, but was postponed till twelve | o'clock on Wednesday next, at the request of counsel, | because of the absence of witnesses. ‘The investigation in the case of the Brooklyn distillery frauds was continued yesterday, before Collector A. M. Wood. The caso of Edward Burke, who keeps a distil- lery at 406 Columbia stroet, was examimed. He is charged with defrauding the government out of the reve- nue due upon one thousand two hundred and thirteen barrels of whiskey. The defence set up was that a large quantity of the liquor which it is claimed by the revenue officers was distilled during the period charged was actually on hand before. Decision in this case is reserved. ‘The trial of George Schmidt, forthe murder of Hugo Weichner, on January 1, 1868, in Williamsburg, was commenced yesterday morning, in the Kings county Court of Oyer and Terminer, before Judge Lott and Jus- tices Hoyt and Voorhies, Some time was occupied in getting a jury, after which the trial proceeded. The evi- dence for the prosecution was all putin and the case for the defence opened, after which the court adjourned. The prisoner is only twenty years of age, and was on & drunken frolic when he shot his victim, The case will be closed to-day. ‘The United States sidewhee! gunboat Augusta, ten guns, Commander Alexander Murray, from Washington, arrived at the Brooklyn Navy Yard yesterday. The Augusta is one of the vessels of the Eastern flying squadron, and will shortly leave for Eastport, Mo. ‘The coroner's jury in the case of Patrick Donnelly, who died of wounds received at the hands of Miles and Daniel O'Reilly Inst Sunday, bave entered a verdict accordingly, and the parties have been committed to await tue action of the Grand Jury. Thomas Dempsey, who lived at 302 West Twonty- eighth street, died yesterday of injuries received some days ago by the collision between a lumber wagon and one of the Hudson River Raifroad freight cars, near Christopher street. Two men, named William Hays and William Tierney, were buried in a vault yesterday, in Fifty-fifth strect, between First and Second avenues, Hays was rescued, with slight injuries, but Tierney was dead when his body was recovered. Four arrests were mado yesterday for crucity to ani- mals, under the new law. The steamtug T. G. Schuyler, lying at the foot of Des- brosses stroet, North river, was damaged by fire to the amonnt of four thousand dollars yesterday morning, About one o'clock yesterday morning a fire. broke out at 89 Waiker street. Loss about seven hundred and fifty dollars. Mr. George Blume, tho propriotor of a lagor boer saloon at 159 Greenwich strect, and his bartender were arrested yesterday, charged with setting fire to the saloon. They were committed to await Fire Marshal Bakor’s invosti- gation The stock market yesterday opsned strong, but closed dull and steady at a slight decline. Governments were firm. Gold was strong, closing at 127% a 128. Business was dull yesterday, though the advance -in gold caused more firmness in some articles. Breadstuffs were firmer, in sympathy with the Liverpool market, though there was no shipping demand. Cotton was ex- twemely dull, and nominally 1c. a 2c. lower. Sugar ruled firmer, Fretghts were dull, but unchanged. Dry goods in moderate demand, but at lower rates for nearly all descriptions. An auction sale of government cotton took place at the Exchange salesroom, No. 111 Broadway, yesterday. Over fifteen hundred bales ‘of the staple had been ad- vertised for disposal, but for somo reason best known at Washington, after selling seventeen bales, a telogram was received ordering the remainder to be held over to the 3d of May. Five of the balos sold were of New Or- leans, strictly middling, and brought 36%c., the re- |. mainder low middling, and sold at 32}¢c. per pound. _ MISCELLANEOUS. The Fenian evacuation of the Canadian border has been determined upon, and orders to that effect were ro- ceived at Eastport yesterday. Much indignation was excited thoreby, and considerable murmuring was heard among those who wanted to have a fight before Ieaving. Hundreds of them started homeward yesterday. The other wing of the organization has, howover, buckled on its armor and stands ready for tho field. Ogdensburg is now the base, ‘nd the RobertsSweeny Fouians aro marshalling in large numbers at that place, Artillery, small arms and ammunition are reported as ar- riving in large quantities daily. The Senators in this city have closed their session for the purposo of arranging their business and family matters preparatory to engaging in the war. Donations of lit, bandages and medicines for thoso who may bo wounded, are called for by the Sisterhood, Tho cxamina- tion of the Cornwall prisoners will be concluded by noxt ‘Thursday probably. The Canadians are dissatisfied at the expense incurred by keeping up the volunteer force, The two Fonians who shot at the sentinel on tho St. Stephens Bridge have been released. The State Department in Washington has received official advices confirming the reports that the city of Chihuahua has boon occupied by the Mexican republican forces, after a sevore battle, and that the authority of President Juarez has been restored throughout the entire State of Chihuahua. The Chairman of the Revenue Commission, in answer to a communication from the Secretary of the Treasury, asking his opinion of the probable effect of the equaliza- tion of soldiers’ bounties, and stating that it will require from two hundred to two hundred and fifty millions of dollars to effect the purpose, answers that such an ad- dition to the nation’s debt will derange the finances and depreciate the government securities toa degree which nothing but the nation’s deadly peril can sanction. ‘The execution of James Glennon, fur the murder of his wife, took. place at Elizabeth, N. J., yesterday after- noon, ip the presence of several hundred spectators. The condemned admitted that he beat his wife, but do- clared that he had no “intention of killing her, and in extenuation of his crime said his wife was a confirmed drunkard, and by her conduct drove him to the commis. sion of the rash act. Glennon was thirty years of age, and was a native of Brooklyn. A reunion of naval officers who had participated in the capture of the forts below New Orleans took place at the residence of Commodore Bailey, at Portsmouth, N. Hy, on last Tuosday night, for the purpose of cole. brating the fourth anniversary of that event. A letter of rogrot at his inability to be present was read from Admiral Farragut. A club to be called the “Farragut Club” was organized. The Dr. Burdell murder case, which caused so much excitement in this city and throughout the country some years ago, has boon revived by the alleged confession of ‘@ man pamed Charles H. Golden, now in a Massachusetts jail on a charge of burgiary, who states that he was cog- nizant of the circumstances connected with the tragedy ‘at the time of its ocourrence, and that Mrs. Cunningham offered him twenty-five thousand dollars to become the murderer, which he declined. Judge Ballard, of the United States District Court at Louisville, Ky., yesterday issued an orderdor the arrest of General Jeff, ©. Davis for disobeying the wri- of habeas corpus in the case of Honderson, supposed to be implicated in the Nashville frauds. Gen- eral Davis resisted the Marshal while attempting to en- force the order. Attachments were also made against General Thomas and General R. W. Johnson. The Presi- dent was notified by the Marshal of the position of affairs. A case involving the legal and constitutional right of polygamy is in process in Salt Lake City. A Gentile married a lady who was claimed as the wife ia polygamy of one of the Mormon leaders, The lady, fearing that her children would be claimed by the Mormon, brought the case directly before the United States Court, It was postponed, and in the interim ber new husband was shot dead while in the company of the United States Marshs!, and in open daylight. Our Cordova correspondent gives some astonishing narrations relative to the discovery of a deserted and un- known city among the wilds of the Motaltaloyuca coun- try in Mexico, General Lyons, a rebel immigrant, who conducted the exploration, states that many signs of Christianity are noticeable among the ruin. A grand celebration of the peace proclamatton, by the supporters of President Jobnson, took place in St. Lows on Saturday Inst. A large meeting in the Court House and a torchlight procession st vight were the principal fe wee APs orm gate Sverfiow in Louisiana atill continues; and, to add to the general derangement of cotton growing, the seed is now discovered to be defective. Our correspondent from Montevideo, South America, Gives an interesting account of the carnival festivities and other mattore in that city. A perty of eight men, at Crittenden, Ky., fired pro- miscuously into John Robinson's circus on Wednesday last because they were refused admission. James Robin- son, one of the performers, was killed, and several of eorayed, The Admission of Colorado and the Ex- clusion of the Southern States. The Senate has reconsidered the bill which was rejected in that body several weeks ago for the admission of Colorado Territory as a State of the Union, and has passed the Measure by a vote of 19 to 13, One-third of the Senators were absent or paired off. What the result would have been upon 4 full vote we cannot tell; but the vote actually cast against the bill, including Bucka- lew, Davis, Hendricks, Guthrie, McDougall and Riddle, democrats; and Doolittle, Ed- munds, Foster, Grimes, Morgan, Poland and Sumner, republicans, radicals and conserva- tives, shows that opinions and parties on the subject were considerably mixed. The democrats and conservative republicans opposed the measure mainly on the ground that an unsettled population of fifteen or twenty thousand is hardly sufficient to justify the admission of a Territory as a State, when the popular ratio for a Representative in | Congress is a hundred thousand. The radicals who opposed the bill did so because negroes, in the State constitution of Colorado, are ex- cluded from the right of suffrage. Mr. Sum- ner, therefore, in this matter, has at least the merit of consistency, against all temptations to go the other way. The radicals who sup- ported and passed the bill were, it is under- stood, controlled by the impression that the admission of Colorado would give two addi- tional members to the radical strength in the Senate, although in this matter they may perhaps be mistaken. It is supposed that, with the approval of the Reconstruction Committee, this bill will pass the House. Assuming that it will, what is the position in which this radical Congress will place itself by this act? It will stand in the position of a party which has admitted a Terri- tory with a floating population of fifteen or twenty thousand as a State, with a conslitution excluding the negro from the ballot box, while eleven Southern States, embracing four of the original thirteen which founded the Union, are excluded from a voice in Congress mainly because they have not conceded this thing of negro suffrage. The inconsistency of this distinction is apparent, and its injustice stands out in bold relief, in presence of the fact that the cotton furnished from the excluded Southern States since the close of the war, for the markets of the world, foets up the magnifi- cent sum, in greenbacks, in round numbers, of four hundred millions of dollars—equal to three hundred millions in gold—for the relief of the national credit, the national currency and the federal taxpayers of the United States, from one end of the Union to the other. We grant that these three hundred millions in gold were saved to the Union cause and the national treasury by the mavy, in the late blockade of the Southern ports; but we may still secure three or four hundred millions more this year, in all probability, in Southern pro- ducts, by the prompt admission into Congress of the excluded States; for this admission would re-establish in those States the confidence, security, activity and systematic industry-neces- sary to the full development even of the cot- ton, tobacco and other crops that have been planted. But if Colorado, with a State conati- tution against negro suffrage, is admitted into the Union, we hope we shall hear no more of this demagogue cry of the radicals, that negro suffrage must in some way be secured in Vir- ginia, North and South Carolina, and so on, | before those States can safely be reinstated in Congress. By the late vote of the Senate negro suffrage is confessed to be only a party trick, and the House, in sustaining it, will at least put an end to the false pretence of radi- cal solicitude for the negro’s political rights. ADVERTISEMENT Extraorptnary.—The joint committee of Congress has now been looking around for nearly five months for a reconstruc- tion plan and have been unable to find one. They have applied to the negroes for a plan, + which only resulted in one or two of the mem- bers catching the disease which is now preva- lent among the colored population. They have applied to the spiritualists, including Robert Dale Owen, and have found .it impossible to obtain anything from the spirit land satisfac- tory tothem. Senator Stewart and Hangman Foote have made several efforts to help them out of their difficulty, but all to no purpose. Even Ben Butler, fresh from his Dutch Gap Canal, has been appealed to. He has, it is true, furnished the most sensible plan, in some par- ticulars, of any yet proposed by the radicals. It has one very essential point to recommend it, and that is a change of the Cabinet. But this doeg not suit the Reconstruction Committee, and they are still open for plans and specifica- tions, The one hundred or more conatitutional amendments fail to reach the point. The result of all this is that the members of the Committee have lost their temper and are in danger of losing their character and standing in their party. To prevent this calamity a liberal reward will be paid to any person or persons who will present a plan of reconstruction that will re- lieve them of this dilemma. For particulars and specifications in detail apply to Thad “Stevens, Chairman of the Obstruction Com- E gist F i i mittee, House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. . P. S.—It is essential that all who intend to present a plan of reconstruction should hand in their documents on or before the 15th of May next. Those received after that date will not be considered. Disraict. Arrorney Hatt says that the only way to keep the favor of theatrical managers is to praise them unceasingly. If you tell them their faults they employ Bohemians to denounce you. Tae Sate or tar Hermrrace.—We observe that the Tennessee Legislature has again taken some, steps toward selling the home of Jack- son. ‘It is proposed to make it a branch of the ‘West Point Military Academy. West Point has proved a very instructive military alma mater to many noble young men. It has produced such geniuses as Grant, Sherman, Lee, Ma- gruder and others, It does very well so fur as it goes. But itis rather too confined for the military aspirations of the youth of our expending republic. West Pomt has been as .an aristocratic institution. If the aristocracy of valor and « high sense of honor be @ recommendation, West Point is entitled | Why cannot (he principle of the West Polat Academy be so expanded as to embrace large extent of grounds? Why cannot its pur- poses be so shaped as to embrace separate departments, in which cavalry, ‘artillery and infantry instruction shall be imparted? The suggestion to make the Hermitage a branch of West Point would have been better received a few years ago than now. At the present time the best and most patriotic use is to make it an asylum for those who have suffered in fulfilling the injunction of its origi- nal owner—‘“ The Union ; it must and shall be preserved.” The Liquor TraMlc Under the Internal Revenue Law, and Lottery Policies. An important decision was rendered by Jus- tice Nelson, of the United States Supreme Court, a few days since, in a case brought be- fore him on an appeal from the courts of Mas- sachusetts, under very peculiar circumstances. It appears that there is on the statute books of Massachusetts a prohibitory liquor law declar- ing that all buildings, places or tenements used for the illegal keeping of intoxicating liquors shall be deemed common nuisances; and that whoever keeps or maintains such common nuisance shall be punished by fine or imprisonment in the common jail. A Mr. McGuire was indicted, tried and convicted for violating this law. During the trial he put in the plea that he obtained a license to carry on the business under the Internal Revenue law of Congress, and that the State law, being in conflict with the law of Congress, was void. The judge, however, ruled that “the Internal Revenue law did not authorize the sale of liquor in Massachusetts in violation of her statutes; second, that even if Congress had by positive enactment authorized such a sale in violation of the laws of the State, such an enactment would have been un- constitutional and void.” From this decision Mr. McGuire appealed to the United States Supreme Court and there presented his license under the Internal Revenue law—for which he paid one hundred dollars—as a justification of himself. The question was ably argued on both sides, and Justice Nelson decided that the license furnished no defence to the indictment under the law of the State, and, therefore, affirmed tho judgment of the State court. In fact, the provisions of the Internal Revenue law are so plain as to leave no doubt as to its mean- ing in this respect. This decision of Justice Nelson applies with the same force to the lottery business in this State. The same provision of the law of Con- gress is as applicable to the lottery policy trade in New York as it is to the liquor traffic in Massachusetts. Every party or person who has taken out a license for the sale of lottery tickets in this State can, therefore, be indicted under the State law declaring that business unlawful. It was this law that Bon Wood and associates sought to override when they secured the insertion of a provision in the tax bill in Congress, declaring that no person should sell lottery tickets without first obtain- ing the bonds of the managers of existing lotteries. It is reported that Wood secured the assistance of George H. Pendleton, of Ohio, and through his influence in the Senate secured the insertion of that provision at eo late a stage in the session that it was not detected. Both Wood and Pendleton pretend to be great sticklers for State rights. But what becomes of their great boast of defence of those rights in the face of this act? Here is a direct attempt to override State laws, as any court would be bound to decide were the question brought before it for action. We call upon Sheridan Shook, the internal revenue officer who has granted these lottery licenses in this city under the bond of the managers of the lotteries, to annul them at once. It is also the duty of the Attorney General of the State to commence proceedings at once against all the parties who have thus been violating the laws of the State and arraign them before the courts at once for trial and punishment, as they deserve. It is his duty to take notice of these cases at once, and he will be amenable for neglecting the trusts placed in his hands by the people if he fails to take cognizance of them. What is the use of having a State law, if it is to be over- ridden with impunity, without any effort to en- force it by the legal officers of the State? Gen- eral Martindale has the decision of Judge Nel- son as a precedent which applies with a greater force to the lottery policy business in this State than it does to the liquor traffic in Massa- chusetts. Now let him show to the people who elected him that he intends to execute the laws of the State. Disrrict Atroryey Hats. says that the only persons who have anything to assert on bebalf of the theatrical managers are their own paid agents, and that this is a pretty strong proof of the estimation in which they are generally held. ° Errors or Frxanctat, Tazortsts.—The Secre- tary of the Treasury, Mr. McCulloch, in his Fort Wayne speech, spoke of a redundancy of the currency and of a possibility that “we should wake up some fine morning and find our prop- erty worth apparently a good deal less than at present.” This speech wasdelivered nearly seven months ago, yet what is the prospect to- day of the “waking up” which the Secretary anticipated? The factis Mr. McCulloch did not comprehend the resources of the country, and especially the immense value of the cotton of the South. The country has been wonderfully prosperous, and is so to-day, in spite of the most tremendous and exhausting war the world ever witnessed; and why? Our liabilities abroad have been promptly met, our securities have gone up in the markets of the world, the currency has been falling all the time toward a specie level, commerce and trade have been most active, and the Treasury has been filled to a surplus; and why? Mr. McCulloch and those financial and banking theorists who pre- dicted revulsion and all sorts of disasters, did not take into account the cotton of the South, @ product which within a year has proved of more value than five or six years” crop of the «| | precious metals from California and the other j States and Territories of the Pucific slope. They seemed to have 'ost sight of this product, which is worth more than all the mines of the world. It only shows how shert-sighted and suaperfictal the public men of our country are on suck questions. Where would our credit have been, what would have been the deprecia- tion of owr currency; and how empty would have been the coffers of the Treasury but for the three or four hundred millions of dollars’ worth of cotton that has come out of the South since the war vlosedt So far from « revulsion, We aze otill.qn the high tide of prosperity apd are healthfully approaching ® specie basis. Nothing can check this career of prosperity but insane legislation in Congress that may stop the industry of the South. If that valua- ble section of the country be soon restored and its immense resources developed as a natural consequence, we ‘need not fear any “waking up” as to the value of property or a financial revulsion. Cholera—The Cholera Fiel: tion. With cholera comes panic, and panic does more harm than cholera. Nothing can be more effective in preventing any panic that the pub- lic is now likely to fall into than an analysis of the cholera maps we give to-day. On the*map showing the points at which cholera raged first, in 1832, eight localities are designated. Good healthy soil is to be found im only two of these localities, and in these two, though they hada naturally good soil, there were causes seriously detrimental to health on or near the surface. These two points were that including the head of Christo- pher street, near to which were filthy struc- tures, and that including First street, near the Bowery, a neighborhood then of slaughter houses, melting houses and graveyards. Some of the latter still remain near there and are ex- ceedingly offensive in summer. Of the six other points marked in the map of 1832 five are shown by Viele’s excellent topographical map of the island to have been marshes before the city was built up, and the sixth to be on made ground by the river side. Not an inch of good natural soil at any of these six points, But another remarkable fact is shown in this connection. Cholera did not make a grand starting point at all the places at which there were formerly marshes. At least one such escaped; and the distinguish- ing difference between this place and the others was that it did not harbor a crowded, filthy and degraded population. It was.near the shipyards on the East river, beginning some ways above Grand street, but keeping far below Bellevue, and was then peopled by the sbipcarpenters and caulkers and their thrifty, cleanly, housekeeping wives. Of the six cholera fields of 1832 that were in the marshes and made ground, one was in the district that takes the line of Roosevelt street to the East river; another in the Five Points; another on Corlear’s Hook—long infamously known a6 simply “The Hook;” another in the Rotten row district of the present Eighth ward, west of Broadway and north of Canal street. If one endeavored to point out all the notoriously horrible locali- ties of the city he could do it no more accu- rately than it is done on this cholera map. Every point in our city that had a bad fame for the poverty, wretchedness and vice of its inhabi- tants; for crowded hovels and horrible stenches; for its hordes of creatures that had given up every hope of the better part of life, was a cholera field. The disease that had picked out the marshes with the unerring accuracy of an engineer found these bad haunts asif with the instinct ofa wretch avoiding the decencies of the world. . In the map of 1849 we find the cholera select- ing ita fields according to the same laws—going. wherever bad ground and filthy populations coincide. Three of its principal points are identical with those ravaged in 1832. These are thé Roosevelt strest district, the Hidoir-end the Five Points. The points touched in 1849 that were not touched in 1832 are points where 8 filthy neighborhood had grown up that was not in existence in the earlier year. There is every encouragement to the city in these facts. They show that the causes which make cholera virulent are preventible; that the remedy is within our reach, and that by cleansing the city properly and thoroughly the disease can be robbed of its terrors. It lies with the Board of Health to see that the public interests are cared for in this respect. The Governor has now issued that proclama- tion of peril that was necessary to‘give this commission full power. They accordingly have the power and must use it with courage and vigor. Diwrnicr Arrorney Hatt says that “Ameri- cans demand something better adapted to their theatrical tastes” than the stuff doled out to them by the associated managers. Commanpers or American Mencuant Sreamens—The loss of the steamship Vera Cruz on ber passage trom this port to Vera Cruz, attended, as it was, with such evidences of gross negligence or ignorance on the part of the commander, should admonish under- writers and the mercantile community inter- ested tobe more careful in the selection of officers for théir steamships. It is, of course, nothing discreditable, but, on the contrary, highly commendable, to find a commander uniting the pecuniary qualification with the necessary abilities of a practical seaman and navigator when he assumes the control of a vessel on which the safety of many lives and the security of thousands in property are de- pending. But it should not be a prerequisite that a man must be possessed of money suf- ficient to bay an interest in lines: of steamships in order to secure a command. Many poor men, capable and reliable navigators, are often neglected in the selection of commanders for our ocean steamers. The French system is a good one for adoption. It may not be as thorough as that of the English, but it is one that commands the admiration of travellers in Oriental waters. Far above the English, in the Indian Ocean, the steamers. commanded by Frenchmen are esteemed by passengers. They have better accommodations, and there is more attention paid to the comfort of passengers in. French steamers going to any port in the East Indies than there is in any steamer in the Eng- lish lines. Our policy is to examine the points where the steam marine of any foreign nation furnishes suggestions that ean be adopted by us. In England and in France there is an Ad- miralty Board whieh investigates the capacity of seamen before they are allowed to command fn ocean steamer. cannot we have one of the kind in the United States? This is a suggestion thrown out for the benefit of the Committee on Commerce in Congress, and we hope it will net be lost sight of. Wantep.—The radicals have been circulating ‘all manner of false stories about the President, but find that the people refuse to believe their statements. A liberal reward will be paid for some plan that will force the people to believe ll that the radicals say in regard to Presi- deat Johnson. For particulars apply to Ben Wade, Senate chambes, Washingtoa, D.¢. ——— jow Internal Rev nue Law. ‘The Ways and Means Committs¢ of Congres, after several weeks of labor, have’ at last re- ported an amendatory Internal Revenue bill. We have as yet only received » synopa's of the report, and cannot, therefore, judge as to ite real merits or demerits asa whole. But tkere are unquestionably many points which will commend it to the public, In the first place there is a considerable reduction of the taxes on many items, while numerous others are re- lieved altogether. It is also stated that there isto be a general reorganization of the In- ternal Revenue system; but just how it is to be done is not clear at present. It would, how- ever, be very strange if the working of the system did not of itselfauggest many important modifications to adjust it to the wants of the government and the people. A tax of that kind is yet a comparatively new thing in this country, and is one of those measures made necessary by the stern events of our war. It could not be expected that a perfect system could be inaugurated at once. Time and experience were needed. If the committee have taken the trouble to gather the facts which the experience of the working of the present law has suggested, they will no doubt be able to so adjust the taxes and shape the application of the law in a manner that will be more beneficial to the government and taxpayer. Among the important changes in the tax we notice almost an entire ‘abrogation of the tax on those enumerated articles in the present law, under schedule A, such as pianos, silver plate, spoons, gold watches, yachts, and the like. This is a movement in the right direction. No portion of the internal revenue tax is so annoying to the taxpayer or causes so much dissatisfaction to the people as that on the enumerated articles under that schedule, We doubt if the tax received from that source throughout the country has paid the expenso of collecting. There are numerous other articles, many of them necessaries to every household and family in the country, which are to be exempt. All incomes under one thousand dol- lars are excluded. A discrimination is also made on the same principle in the manufac- ture of clothing, boots and shoes, as well as with the milliners. To offset these reductions a tax of five cents per pound is levied upon the raw cotton, with a provision in favor of our home manufactures, in the shape of a drawback on all manufactured cotton goods exported. The tax on cotton willno doubt be one of the most popular provisions of the law, and will of itself furnish an immense revenue to the gov- ernment, if the radicals in Congress will only allow the country to be rostored and thus encourage the production of the raw material. The tax on brokers’ sales is reduced, without, we believe, any good reason. That is a busi- ness purely of speculation, and the tax is less felt and more easily paid than any other. It is a tax that only affects a few and does not in any way increage the burdens of the people. Ita reduction, we fear, is a mistake. It would, in our judgment, have been much better to have reduced the tax on sugar and other necessaries of life than on the business of Wall street. But there is one point in regard to brokers’ sales on which the action of the committee must commend iteelf to the public; that is, the clause providing that brokers shall pay a tax on sales made for themselves as well as for their customers. ~ ‘The ‘framers of the prevent law no doubt intended to secure that result when they matured the act; but for some cause the provision was so ambiguous that many of the brokers have evaded the tax as applied to transactions for themselves. The decisions to the interpretation of the provision that o large proportion of the tax has never been col- lected. Long litigations have been had on the point, which finally resulted in « decision of the Supreme Court declaring that the brokers were liable on sales for themselves the same as for their customers. The committee have now inserted a clause which leaves no room for mis- construction and makes the payment of the tax imperative. : Taking the brief synopsis published yester- day as the guide, the report on the whole is an improvement on the present law. There are some serious objections to it; but they may be partially counterbalanced by other provisions for the application of the law which we have not as yet seen. It repeals some sections which will prove injurious in the working of the law unless some better provisions have been in- serted in their place, of which there is no men- tion in the report before us. The machinery to carry the tax law into operation is one of ite most essential portions. It should be so framed that its application will be just to all classes and grades of taxpayers, and not to allow discrimination between men engaged in the same trade, or give a loophole for the fraudulently disposed to escape and leave the burden on the shoulders of the honest taxpay- er. Nothing short of the full text of the report will show whether the committee have pro- vided for all the contingencies which arise under the practical working of a tax law of this kind or not. District Attorney Hat says that the the- atrical monopolists love to keep their employes down to starvation point. Tae Coxprrion of Mexico—Although the latest news from Mexico isa little mixed, com- are inclined to think that affairs in that country bear favorably upon the Juarez cause. The news which comes by way of Havana repre- sents a series of victories for the imperial arms, may be said that the news vin Havana Is gleaned almost exclusively from the imperial journals which reach there trom Vera Cruz, and they are eatirely in the interest of the em-