The New York Herald Newspaper, February 27, 1866, Page 10

made was as follows:—The first seven miles to un were opened in December, 1561. twenty-three miles were completed in 1853, aud thirty miles were im full operat.on in 1864; while the entire road was opened for trailic on the 28th of J: 18665., LENGTH AND FE AKITIES, ‘The total length of the road is forty-seven miles three Whousand and twenty feet, It runs on the right or east. erly bank of the Chagres, as far as Barbacovs, where it croses the river by a bridge 625 feet in length, eighteen foet in breadth, and forty feet above the mayn level of the river. This bridge is of wrought iron, and is exactly Dalf way between Aspinwall and Panama; and it is not B little sincuiar that the bridge thrown across the Nile Detween Alexandria and Cuiro is also exactly half way— in other sons both the great isthmus transite are in- ‘tersected at their length by @ ae oe ‘The Bar- ‘dacoes bridge 18 of six spans, built of er iron, with a top and bottom cord two feet in breadth and one inch in ‘thickneas, joined by a web of boiler iron nine feet in height at the centre, and seven at the ends, The rails are laid on iron floor girders three feet apart, and the whole structure is supported by tive aad two abut- ments, twenty-six feet wide an feet in thickness, increasing in the ge of an inch to the foot down to their foundat which are constructed of per and concrete. The highest point of the line Is thirty- seven and three quarter miles from the Atiantic, and is 263 feet above the mean level of that ocean. The maxi- mum grade on the Atlantic slope is one in ninety; on the Pacille descent it is rather more—via: one tn eighty- eight. Of the road twenty-three and two-fifths miles are level and twenty-eight aud three-fifths straight; but there are some very curves, are no less tian 134 culverts, drains and bridges of ten feet and under, aud a8 many a8 170 bridges from twelve feet span to 625 feet span. @ Hine is a single one; but there are four commodious sidings, one at Gatun, seven and a half miles from Aspinwall; one near twenty-two miles; one ot Matachin, thirty miles, one at the summit, thirty-seven miles, perience has proved that thore is'no difficulty in eka the line in proper order at a reasonable expense; but, on the contrary, that it can be kept in better condition at the coat thin sim lar works fm nortiern latitudes, where the climate appears to have ainore injurious eifect than within the tropics. STATION occur atevery four miles. The house Is the residence of the trackmuster, who, with ten laborers, has charge of the intervening mileage, The read is’ kept in perfect order by these men. There are twelve trackmasters and one hundred. and twenty laborers in the employ of the company, solely to look after the security of the line, ‘Their wages are:—Trackmasiers, three dollars per diem; laborers, sixty venta, \Dhe stat! of the company 1s not very extensive, the civil cnyiueers, with their assistants und managing clerks, constit ting the greatest expense, ‘The strictest economy, consistent With efficiency, is prac- tised, For example, there are excelient lecomoiive shops at Aspinwall, in which tue engineers and siokers, when ot at woron the railway, are employed; and it is said ‘that the business done in eecting the necessary repairs for steamers calling at the bay almost sapports the engi- necring staf aud working locomotive expenses of the company. : RAPH, ™ ‘A substantia! telegraph is established between Aspin- wailund fnama, ‘There are twenty-six posts to the niile, constructed in the following manner:—A seantling, four inches square, of p (ch pine, encased in cement, moulded in a eylmdr cal form, tapering towards the end, and sunk four fect in the grouud, I was assured that, when once ey, these posig would last for ages, ‘The cost of cach was five dollars, abyat one pound sterling, They have tke upp -arance of hewn stone, and are quite an ornament along the line. TOUL Cos. ‘The total expenditure of the Panama Railway Com- pany ameaned to $7,407,553, or rather mor: than £1,500,000 seri ng, which is nearly £32,000 per mile, an expense, by-the-bye, below the average of our Kng- usb lines, whieh is £34,638 per mile. ‘The outlay for the construction of chis, the first railway built in tho tropics, ‘was, no dewkt, erormous, and arose chiefly from the entire novelty of the work and the extreme paucity of labor, Mea wore brought to the lvcality in great num- bers from Asia, Africa aud America, and they flocked thore from aimost every part of Europe, tempted by the very high rate of wages, but they died within afew mvnths atter aerival and but a small portion ever returned howe. FRONTS OF THE UNDERTAKING, Very few andertakings have paid better than the Pana- ‘ma Railway. ‘This da not to be wondered at when it is re- ‘membered that tue company have a monopoly of transit and charge mast exorbitanily. For example, the pas- gage m ney ix £5 48. 2d.; children under twelve years ‘haif price, Legros tyre quarter price. There is only one Cinsa, BO Caat aesetiger has to pay the same, ‘The transit occupies about four hours, the distance is 4756 miley, and the fare, therefore, 2s. 2d. per ‘At the sane time the working cxpendituro is very mode- date. The fwei, for instanc , 1s wood, and snificient for on the same bigh scale as the passen- for instance, live stock. Caitlo, by uctly a8 a prasenger. Sheep, by pass nger train, owner's Fisk, $12 60 each, the same as a child under twelve yoars mile, the mest expensive railway travelling in the world. the big 2! is procured for $2 60 or 10s. The charge tre ger Wraflic. he trains, owner's risk, S25 each, the same ex+ of age. By a statement in a New York paper, of the 23d September, 1465, it appears that the Panama Railroad ‘Company, after regular dividends of 20 percent per annum, bas dan extra dividend of 40 por cent, making @8 per cent for the year, and has raised fis quarterly dividend from tive to six’ per cont, or 2 por cent per annum. NECRE POR BREAKING DOWN THE MONOPOLY, To earn large profit the trafic must be enormops, and every one acquainted with Aspinwall and Panama, the Fema aes knows that it isso, The Panama ‘Railroad is cas @ great fact, and a very plensant one for the sharebelders; but the moral I draw from the fact is that there is Plenty of room Jor ancther trame't and fe soomer ome ts opened the let cr. Lhave not, however, ‘Deen led to this conclusion on commercial grounds alone; Were are other considerations of at least equal weirht, rendering anether route across Central America an it perative necessity, And so great an impression ba these considerations made on my mind, that my nav yi curcer has ja consequence undergove a radical change, ‘end for the fast Ave years 1 have devoied myself to the subject I hare so much at heart, viz., the opening of a great Wi ay of nations ac or Cen'ral America. lu I T was stationed in command of her Majesty's steamer Gergoa, as senior naval officer on that part of tue Atlantic coast of Central America extend ng from Aspinwall to Grazias 4 Dios, and, of course, It was not long before I became cogn zant of the working of the Panama Railway, not only in a commercial, but also in a political sense. I must comless that the aspect of a(fuirs startled me. A glance was sufficient to show that this important “highway” eas a monopoly in the uncontrolled pow: és Fivate and I soon came upon evidence to prove such monopoly had been created wivisedly deliberately ; Gar in & most able report on the tinpertance of the Panama rout: by a committee o Congress the ‘United Stares, appointed to consider a memorial praying Sor aid ou the part of the projectors, these words occur Au relation tw Che cailroad > — To guard egaiast impos om any quarter, and the uleresialaf the United Buaies beyond continvency, the eommities awe deemed It proper, in ihe bill submitted here. ‘With, to provide that a large wajority of the stock of the Fallrord Shut be beld by Americad citizons. committee Fro mmend, ukerefore, that a graut of two hundred and afiy thousand diflace per abnum be made to the memorilsps for the purpose of auabiug them to, complete the work ob the ov tone sued ip their inemorial. WRETION COMMERCK IY JEOPARDY. Very natusally the manas, nt of the railroad !s thor. oughly Amectcau, ewavating trom the Board of biceotors at New York. The convenience of the United States passengers amd merchandise is the first consideration, and the wafertamates coming from England probably en- oy a longer eguera om the Ishmus than they calea- od upon a€ starting; this, of course, ea more od more eerivus as the trandt busines incr mses, gp, added te tke exorbitant wriff, no doubt ui, bere dng, culmare in the oged exclusion of liritich gominerce, for many years the Bavsh Live Rignaell many be allowed 0 cross with Din (ail Detawem his legs. ° inconveniences and high euarges act asa damper to our commerce and ecormmupicasioas with the Puc: for instance :—Partia- geentary popers for Vancouver Island are charged as 2 ters; the mesre transit of th» Times four pence, white die postage amtevery letter crossing by the ratrond is one shilime, deus virtually cutting off the colomsts of Fr tish Colaweaia from the enjoyment of home news ond Literature If ce mere check to our commerce 1s already. foit severely, St» entire cessation would be notching short of @ national ¢. «amity. DASE CO JONN PULL IY CARE OF WAR. Of scarcely toes @onsideration is the polttical aspect ‘or oman, De te rat a, wat ete, anaes com. werce Pacific co. re rowed with v ity long Sofie tev epee tues cor had bean Deshaved weno ottocaee de find ite way acres the Jithinus Lneod scarcely say that a commsbemmtion of these matiors gave me serious un- ‘easiness, atet £ Joss no time in communicating with her Jiajesty’s geoerument on the subject; but coverument on slow of understanding, and my warning [proved of na @iect, especially a8 soon afterwards the war in the United States broke out, and, by Cuecking wede and commerce, mitigated the evil at Jacana Ll eemmet, however, resist mentioning a curious ‘© rroboration of my views which occurred in 1862 Our <olonial the late Duke of Newcastle, stated from bis pee House of Lords, that ‘ ‘a short time Dock, whem thare was ao apprehension of hostilities with tive United ®aans (ube Treat aifuir) he: was wmabse to com- of, British Columbia for the ee 4 ble chanes of any ee opalcbes some ints hostile hands.’ 1 -uppose (Rees are few Englixhmen who can, even now, he made awnew of the existence of such a state of aifwirs “without = deep footing of sation, SICARAGUA VERSUS PANAMA, An there appeared to be no sort of ‘ very hamardows conditon of ‘auama, I wer iu @ manver jrresietibl 1 to look out ’ feute, and very litiie rasldern jon convineed ane that Niescagua afforded the best opportunity for tind- ing one in ef Centura orem Accordingly I turned n, and will now give you the » commencing with’ « brief country. » Of the interesting geo of Nicarogon it's to thia day almost tmagniia Ww the English able, It lies between the eleventh and Aneenth parallois or north kediinde and the eighty-third and’ eighty. eighth meridian of westlong't and is bounded onthe by the eapublic of Hon!uras, om the south by the Cota Rica, on the cast by the Atimntic, and west ty the Pacific. It contains, more of lesa, an thirty thousand equare miles, and is about the Portegal. One ¢ ai the map will euifics to now that i ‘As Dearly As possible, the ceutral Of the New World, nnd as its terrioties aford a vndy means of acceas between the Auantic and Pacite oams, the secret of Its importance to the commerve of 10 world ie readily anders(vou. of Nicaragua the ried; onthe } The climate he 1 Redhead aaa heat and vory hamid atmosphere prevail, seasons are very oniform ant remedy for sh interests at 3 3: zg ‘NEW YORK HERAED, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 1866—SUPPLEMENT. cotton, while & tree was to be seen, At that time the rau did not last over thi outh While ab they all balibrasion having momen: Ceased, —- ee aha the place of cotton plaatadons, i eros uae soseth, past Without rain, and the annual rainfall has increased one hundred per gent, The seasons, as I have said before, are well marked in the interior, and divided into two, tho wet and dry, or summerand winter. The rains com- mence in May and last until November, while the rest of the twelve menths often passes withou! even a shower, The dry season is much cooler than the wet, as the re- freshing trade winds temper the heat during this period, ‘The following observations will give an idea of the at- mosphoricai laws by which the climate is governed Mean bighest temperature. Mean lowest temperature. Average annual temperature. Annual rainfull..,.....+++ noe 9 Rain fell on one hundred y-nine days in 1860, During the calms of the summer season the climate is sultry and enervating, although in a much less degree than 1s experienced in the West Indica, at the sume time a cooler temperature may always be enjoyed by resort- ing to the hilly country. The prevailing type of sickness is a low intermittent fever, and that {t occasionally proves fatal is more due to the carelessness of the natives than to any peculiar viruls in the disease itself. That be see baaittioess ot ie Soeniy ae pgs pical average is proved @ natives attain, and the vigorous use of ‘thelr faculties they énjoy at a very advanced period of life; for instance, there were living in the town of Matagalphia during my late journey to Nicarasua no less than seventeen men all above ninety years of age and still active. Indeed, in almost every city and town people point out with pride their very old men, a cystom dating from long before the conquest. As regards the sea coast, Moan), I may mention that the Moravian missionaries, all Europeans, established there fifteen years, have vot losta man; and, as far as I can ascertain, not one has becn inval.ded. Again, respecting the inhabitants of Greytown, the same rule ds good for, during my six years’ experience of the place, Tha not missed # single familiar face ont of the smail Jution of the town. Many a place has been called sicki simply from the rapid deaths of the disorderly and dissi- pated members of its resident mere and from no radi- cal fauit in the locality itself, In Nicaragua any viru- lent disease would soon muko itself felt, for the country is very thinly iubabited. From careful calculations, based upon a very extended knowledge of the republic, i should estimate that. the population does not exceed 150,000, or tive to the squure mile. SCENERY, ‘The scenery of Nicaragua is most beautiful, and taking it all in all perhaps unrivalled in the world. The Atlantic coast line fs for the most part low and fringed with primeval forests; magnificent rivers rising in the far interior empty themselves into the Carribean se their mouths intersected by extensive legoons, formi: an interior snavigaton unrivalled in any part of the world 1 baye ever visited. Inland, tow.ring mountains and volcanoes, extensive sayanas, level plains nnd beau- uful lakes, doled with the most romantic islands, meet the view on every side. PRODUCTIONS. This account of the aspect of the country would not be complete without a brief summary of its manifold productions, viz. precious metas, cochi- neal, indigo, sursaparilia, vanills india = rub batsams, of ‘various kinda, cc cotton, coe’ ‘coffee, tobacco, hides, mahogany, cedar, live oak, several dyewoods, pitch pine contai: Jarge quantities of tar, lignum vile, a great vari of hard woods, silk grass, tortoise shell, &e. You wilt thus ob-erve that its productions are more varied and useful tag fo apy other part of the globe of like extent, and, mo: er, spme of them cannot be surpassed in quality; indigo, ior example, has long beon accounted the best of any; cocoa was and sti]! is unequalted; at the time of the Spaniards it was reserved for tA king use; the coffee is excellent, the same ax Costa Rica; cotton, when formerly, exported, was superior to any of the New Orleans varieties; inidved, the Atlantic side of Nicaragni commonly culled the Mosquito coust, must be ranke first of ail Lhe cotton growing countries, for not only 18 the soil and climate adapted to the growth of the pliant, but the facliities of cheap water carriage: to the port of shipment must distan e all competition, while, inasmuch as the Mosquito coast is nearer Evgiand then New Or- leans, and the navigation to it is incompurably less haz ardous, consequently freight and insurance must rule Jess, and thus | take it as, after all, an element of pri- mary importance in cotwon supply. NICARAGUA SEARER ENGLAND, Tf Jadies and génuemen will do me the favor to look at the «mai! maps iu their hands, I will endeavor to ex plain how it is that the Mosquito ‘coast is nearer to Eug. land then New Orleans, which on the map looks to be co much nearer. The fect is a@ sailing ship cannot mae a straight course to it, owing 10 the Gulf Stream, but is compelted to take a roundabout route, entering the West Indies more to the castward, and running down with fur wind and current close past the Mosquito coast. After passing Moequito there is wil the hazard of the dan- geroug Gulf of Mexico to encounter, besides being in the hirricane track, all of wh.ch ts of course avoided if a Mosquito port happens to be the ship's destination. FARLY HISTORY. ‘Tho early history of the Americans is so familiar to most people that I shail not take up your time by any reference to it beyoud what is necessary to Hlustrate our special sulject. The discovery and conquest of Nicaragua followed naturaily upon the bold exploit of Vasco Nunez d> Balboa, Early in the yoar 1622 Gils Gonzalez do Airla sailed along its Yacitic coast, and two years later we tind the country overran and subdued by Francisco Hernan. doz de Cordova, who founded tbe cities ot Leon and Granada, Vaectial de Andagoyer, one of the conquerors, “gives us his impressions of Nicaragua at that early date, and in several particulars it is the sume to-this day. ‘Tho Tangues, or markets, for instance, are still held in the Raza, or open square, and the «mali change is still cacao beank, the most fluctuating currency in the world, I have’ known forty beans equal to one real, about sixpence, and I have seen six only given in exchange for the same coin The foliow- ing ts al’ necount:—"This land is very populous and fertile, yielding supplies of maize, and many fowls of the couniry, and certain emall dogs, Wh ch they wlso eat, and many deer and tlsh, It ts 4 vory salu- brious land. The Indians were very civilized in their way of life, like those of Mexico, for’ they were # people who had come from that evantry, and they had neaily the same language, Nerrera says that five languages were spoken in Nicaragua—the Charibistl the Chotovecan (being the most ancieut), the Choutai, the Orotinan and | Mexiean. These people went about well dressea in the | Ind an fashion; the women with their mantles, like these and ‘another description of covering, which, g from the bead, covered the bosom and haif The men covered ther loins with very long ciotbs made of cotton, which they passed | in many folds from the hips to the thigi In the villages they wore their mantles 1 cloaks under the arms, ‘They had a great quantity cotton cloth, and they bold their markets im the public squares, whero they traded. The land was poor iu | gold, abd they traded with cacao, us in New Y rey had many be: i women.’' The striking altera- tion in the Nicaraguan Indian bas been the change in his religion, although that even was never complete, for Ww this day ancient superstiiens are mixed up with the rites of the Cathohe chureh, and recognized by the priest. The city of Leon, which ts meutioned by las- coal, existe no longer, the presont city being nearly twenty miles from the old site, the ruins of which atiest it: former grandeur, It wae abandoned in one day, from & soperstitiows panic, by the entire population, in conveqnence of the murder, in the Episcopal palace, of te Bishop of Nicaragua, by the brothers Con: teras, who, towards the end of the Sixteenth cen- tury, attempted and vory nearly succeeded in oreetng for themselves an independent commonweatth in Central Amerea, The history of Nicaragua covsiste of a con- tinuous narrative of atiompts to Ghbuster—{tho word fiibuster French and Spanish corruption of the Eng- lish word n appellation, which, i days, from its ‘being frequently avenmed by a certain class of men who disliked the harsher name of pirate, became familiar to the tphabitants of the West Indies and Contral Auve datas the term filibuster is now used, It expresee action of the Amercan people, or portion of the people, in the acquisition of terriwry which does not beluug to them, quite unrestrained by the responsibilities of the American government)—we country, and the natives have good cause to hate the very sound of this fli-omened word, First came the conquerors thenselves; then the brothers Conteras; then ormer the prince of buccaneers, Morgan, and other brethten of the Yin: aud lastly, General ‘Wall or, Who paid the pen- ality of his dlbustering proclivities with his life in Sep. tember, 1500, Ip 1821 the Central American provinces, of which Nicaragua was one, declared their dependence, and from that Ume have undergone various vickwit des and revolutions. Since 1852, however, cach State bas declared tseil sovereign and ah OUVERNMENT. ja is ruled under a op tamed form of govern- meuk President, Genoral inez, bas now nearly. completed his second four years of otlice, and will, probably, be elected for thé third time, The Senate and Coamber of Deputies mect once & year, and continue in session about two months, generally February and Mareh The coustivution is modeled upon that of the Vnited States, The laws are tiberal and well edminwiered, and have ridden ail over it, often qui met with the slightest incivilty ; and, my #ix years intimate knowledge of the country, I have never even heard of « en names Apa ® murder. Horse stealing and petty is et Bape gp 4 tue exlondar, but as a good thrashing is by law the punish. ment for stealing, and the authorities are very that the blows are weil laid on, In public, w stick, thieving Is rather a rarity. NICARAGUA INVORTANT TO ENGLAND. Ihave endeavored in the preceding brief sketeh to give you 4 general idea of Nicaragua, and sow I mast explain why I have picked out that country in profer- @hee to any Other part of the Isthmus, aod tg t heve Jaid so mocb stress on ite imporauce wo England Nw simply because it offers A transit betwees the Atlantic and the Pacitic—an eay means of reaching our rélatvees, Jriends and cus comers at Ue antipeloa a stepping stone to ‘a wonderful incr-ase of our commerm, and a guarantes againet the surprise and dwaster which of present couid be ficted om our politval and commercial im'erests in the ic with entire impunity by a rival nation.” This trans in the interests of peace and the commerce of the world, on the Broad bass of free trade laboring to make a great highway of nations, whieb shail forever be open tu the tratfic of the world, under every cireum- stance, and uninilaenced by war, or rumors of war, from eny quarter; if fact, the very opposite of the Panama Railroad as it now exists, and ‘which, as I have atiown, instead of being a great proof of the advance of mankind in free trade principles, bas only added another hage monopoly a8 a check to a To carry these views foto practionl effect, the thing pecessary was to make a caretal study of the aspect of the country, and ‘hen to x upon thas part best suited to tran: ¥ ge et accordingly gave 10) Nicaragua moet rift Me Bg selected vo of running a8 nearly as pomeble parallel to valley ot the Nieasaguan lakes, The fact that verse valley bad been pronounced by compet: neers cnay for a canal went a long way to ‘Ro retious obstacle oxiated to the construction road. Indeed, although it was raise the funds to const ee of the Emperor of the French when he exile ip this country and a prisoner at Ham), certain nena of the United Mates opened « transit stern wheel light draught steamers uae & good Ad the river San Juan to®the Lake of Nicaragua; side- wheelers to cross the lake, and wagons on the inter. vening fificen miles of land between the lake and the Pacitie; ne — rudo canalt bp FR a ar six changes, has been successfully wo: until, owing to natural causes, the silting up of the harbor of Grey- town and of the river San Juan, it was closed up this yeur. As late as March last one thousand five hundred passengers—men, women and children—crossed by this route in canoes, bonges, any sort of craft, indeed, that came to band, and at great persona! hardship, The fact that no one of this large number suffered trom fever is a wonderful proof of the salubrity of the climate, PORTS. Then came the grand question of ;- for, after the exinence of good aud ente Vermin fe of the int importance to @ transit. Here 1 was fortunate, for upon aclose examination of the coast, about thirty miles north of Greytown, I found the neglected and imperfectly known bay enclosed within Monkey Potnt the very Sie 4 was in search of, and which, to give it a locus siandi, I named a’ter my ship, “Gorgon Bay.”” On the Pacific side there was no necessity for any examina- tion, inasmuch as the port of Realejo, which had been surveyed by order of the British admiralty some years before, was everything that could be desired in the shape ofa harbor, Thus, with a good port on each side of the country, the intervening id, in all probability rine no Le Ne gga to the copaiencine of a rail- lay, t was, v inception idea, en- couraged to proceed, i * JOURNEY INTO"THR INTERIOR. In 18601 made my first journey into the interior for the double purpose of improving my acquaintance with the topography and of our minister plenipo- tentiary of my discoveries and projected transit. But I soon found that it was not considered expedient to en- dorse wy opinion as to the necessity of a new route. I gained hothing, therefore, by my journey, except an improved knowledge of the interior of Nicaragua, more than sufficient to convince me that I was on the right track, © After this journey circumstances prevented tho active prosecution of my bere until my return to Eng- Jand from foreign service, in 1861, when I determined to Fhe myself to the development of my transit project Sesto =i ance aera In the firat place, I threw together all the information T had been enabled to collect, embodying my views and experience, in a book called the “Gate of the Pacific,” and then, having introduced the subject to the public, and finding I had nothing to si from my own govern- ment, I determined to see the Emperor of the French and try to enlist bis interest and co-operation. I met with the most flattering reception from his Majesty, who accepted my book and encouraged me to persevere. I found him thoroughly well informed upon even the most minute detail concerning Nicaragua and I agsere you the cross-examination 1 underwent was no trifle, His Majesty did not content bimself with words but aided me in the manner I desired, namely, by putting me in communication with the great capitalists of France, ‘ through Monsieur Einile Perreire, to whom the Duky do Bussano was ordered to communicate his Majesty's wishes, UNSUCCESSFUL EXPLORING EXPEDITION. In March, 1863, I went to Nicaragua, accompanied by a staff of civil engineers, to make a scientific exemina- Uon of the nature of the country, A road was cut through the dense primeval forests, fully confirming tho cutire practicability of the projected route; but, although no physical difflenlty presented itself,'there was ap abundance of obs‘ac! of a pélitical nature, I found Nicaragua at war with San Salvador, and, more- over, in revolution, So that it was quite out of the ques. tion attempting to obtain the necessary concession from the government in the then state of anarchy and con- fusion of the country. In this expedition we had some very pretty 1tto adventures on land and water; and though no doubt a description of forest life, vari by visits from tigers, snakes and the fierce wild lpgs, monkey feasts, and a few episodes of Nicaragean war- fare, during which I was twice taken prisoner, would be interesting to you, yet time, on this occasion, I regret to say, will not permit me to enter upon these particulars, Finding that nothing further was to be done in Nica- Tagua uptil the mecting of Congress in the following January, I returned with my expedition to England. A full account of our operations was read be ore the Geo- graphical and M jatical sections of the British As- sociation, at Newcastle, in August of that year, CONCE'SION OTAINKD. In the following October I agan started for Nicaragua, this time quite alone, ‘Isuccceded in making very ex: tensive explorations of the country; and when Congress met in February, 1864, a bill was passed through both chambers and approved by the goveroment grauiing me @ concession to build the ra.iroads over the route I pro- posed. SMART OPPONENTS. Unfortunately, however, I had some very smart op- ponents in the’ shapeof’ certain citizens of the United tates who intrigued to throw out my railway bill and secure the transit for themselves, The effort, though most energetically mado, proved abortive; but tgey suc- seoded in sadly matiating my bill. ‘Ti CONCKS ION FINDS NO FAVOR, In June, 1864, | was at home again, but soon found that the concession did not meet with favor iu the eyes of capitalists, and that it must be improved before a company could be formed. ‘This involved another jour- ney to Nicaragua (the fourth), upon which 1 started in November of the sameyear, In the meant:me, however, and as a powerful means of drawing atiention to tl country, I brought the mineral riches of the Chontales disirict under the nouce of friends, the result of which was the formation of « company, with the object of ex- ploring the aurferous and argentiicrous veins of the dusuries, FOURTH JOURNEY. I was accompanied in this journey (1864-5) by amining engineer of ability and @ Well-known artist, Upon my arrival in Nicaragua I caused a now road to be cut into tue forest and tho nature of the country to be minutely examined. Alvogether, this expediiion, from which I re- go in May Jast, bas proved by far the most important of all. TERMS OF THR SECOND CONCESSION, In spite of some oppositiwn in passing my new bill through Congress, my concession has been greatly im- proved, aud is now, perbaps, as liberal and favorable as could be wished, The term is ninety years, One and @ half millions of acres of iand are ceded grat. ute comp etim of a portion of the line, all of which land is sita- ated in the three r.ch mineral distriots of Ghontales, Mata- gu pa and Legovia, half 4 milion acres in cach. fes.des (hos there are extensve land grants on each side of the line in alie;naic squares, one tor the government, the next for the railroad company, and so on ail through the greater part of the line, both term nal ports-aro free ports; and it is espectaliy stipaiated that the government shail have no sort of control over the working and management of the transit. WACHNESS OF THE MINING DISTRICTS, An examination of the gold and silver district of Choniaies proved beyond dispute ie immense value; and I bave already launched @ company (tue Chontales d Sliver Mining Company, limited) to work the ns wniter sub. the most favorable auspic scribed at once; indeed, thousands of shares bave been applied tor above the number required. in this ach ought perhaps to give you somo idea of the Nicara-uan gold and silver tields, as po doubt they are destined (0 wake @ figure in supplying the preci mols to the world. At preseut the counwy surrounding the mines 13 covered with dense forest, 80 that roads have to be cat to the veins whien the inains dixcover before they can be worked. This is one reason why more energetic sieps for the development of the mines bave not been taken by the natives, The lodes are Jarge and stroug, many of them as muct as forty feet in breadth. ‘the quartz at suriace is irinble, but becumes more Compuct and produces more visible guld ay the depth increases. Tho peepost miue yet worked is two huudred und twenty-five below the summit of the Lill From one sample in which goid was wot yisible we ob- tained 238 oz. 10 dwt, of gold and 28 oz. 12 gra of silver per ton; and from 4 108, 2 02. of ore, by simply washing and amalagaiing, two largqpieces of gold were produced equat to 900 oz. 10 the too, When 1 tell you that the St. John del Key mines of Brazil only rage, after many years working, 4 02 of gold per ton and yet pay Mognilicent dividends, I think you will admit that the Nicaraguan wipes bold out strong bopes for tue future. OTHER DieCov ENTE, A closer examination of the proposed line between the Atiantic and the Lake of Nicaraugun disclosed several {inportant facts, such as an easier grade than we had found im 1863, ‘Large groves of fndia rubber trees, an abundance of cedar and mahogany, besides other valua able products, abound on the line of my Last cpiting, and T hear, by late advices from Niearazua, that some people have been prospecting on my new road, and found, in the language of minors, a browd, strong vein of gold right acrosa it PROPOSED LINE OF ROUTR. we I moet now give you some idea of the Mne of route I a beg your attontion to the map. The course which my transit will take is as follows »—Staruing trom Gorgon Bay, on the Atlantic, latitude 11 50 north, the rails will Lraverse the intervening lund as fur as Lake Nicaragua, in the ity of ran Mighelito, then skirt the shores’ of that lake, cross the river Tipitapa, and finally reach the Pa- cite at the harbor of Kealejo, a total dwtance ot two han- dred and twenty-five miles. On the cotaplvtion of the seetion from Monkey Pot, on the Atlantic, to Lake Nicaragua, and ‘also that from Realajo, on the Pacific, to Granada, both of whieh would be commenced and com- pleted simultaneously, @ connection might be made be- tween the Atlantic and Pacific by running steamers now 0b the lake across that jaland sea from San Mignelite to the ery of Granada, @ distance of ninety miles, The con- Unuous line, whieh, it will be observed, passes nghe through the heart of tue repubiic, might Wen be com- Ploted at lesure. (CONT AND TABOR, There are two important points which have now to be conakiered First, the cost, and second, the labor market, And now with regard to the cost of the undertaki The outside price of £16,000 per mile is the highest mate of practical men. I place it, however, much lower, and I go apon the broad ground that a raiiroad over an easy country like Nicaragua cannot be more expensive than the grvat Indian Peninsula railways, which, includ. besides Many other serious obstacies, only ave- £14,000 per mile. Supposing, howover, tho ex. ride of £16,000 per mile, the railway cah be com- in its entirety for £8,476,000; but by the plan I by means of as much importance as the codst itself, and on this point Thave taken great paius to make myself thoroughly ac- uainted, A great number of the natives have ex} emselves most anxious for employment, and we may safely count upon two thousand men from this souro’, The ibs of the coast, splendid woodsmen and famoas mahogany cutters, are only waiting forthe commence- ment of the works to flock down in large numbers. esiimate their numbers at three thousand, while from Jamaica and Carthagena another one thousand may safe- ly be reckoned upon; and to this oue thousand Indians Which the King of Mosquito will supply, and we have seven thousand good men ready for the works, atan average rate of fiiteen dollars per month, EXPECTED BENEPITS, I bave now only ep, out some of the benefits which I foresee will it from the opening of my route through Nicaragua, avd which, by the by, I ought to Mention, is guaranteed in all its entirety, by solemn treaty, both ou the of England and ce, and un due course will be, I hope, by the United States, In the first place, a real road will be opened. between England and British Columbia, by which the distance will be shortened six days, a ready and rapid means of access to that very important colony will be secur eo pecially interesting to colonial secretaries, who be under no apprehension of their literary’ efforts falling into hostile hands, while the cost of the yy will be lessened fifty per cent, and thus practically open the road for a steady tow of — emigrat the cat thing needed to make British Columbia an Japan, Vancouver's eminently prosperous. also, which is on a continuation of the great circle, passing through Vancouver, will be no Jonger in a position to refuse its riches to the commerce of the world; whilst even distant China wilt be brought nearer than beretore. Polynesia will rise into import- ance; and the bioad Pacific, that sea of seas for the steam- ship, will at last find its sublime solitudes ploughed the keels ofall nations, and thue bring it into as m\ use/ulness as its sister ocean, the Atlantic, New Zealand and Eastern Australia, however, will reap the greatest Denetit by the opening of the new route; the former will bo within forty-five days of the mother country, i of sixty, and ‘even the latter will enjoy a clear gain of some days, to say nothing of the comfort aud security of making the voyago ou an ocean seldom ruffled by storms, and enjoying {an exceptionally tine climate. Last, though not least, the immediate effect of construct- ing & railway through’ Nicaragua will be to throw that magnificent country into the arms of civilization and pro- Kress; to inake its Vast rches of some yse in the world; to develop it scapabiliues for the growth of cotton; in short, to place it in the proud position it is well qualiled to fll. THE COMING COMMERCIAL BATTLE. ‘That all this may be accomplished in the interests of England, and therefore for the benefit of all mankind, I Lave labored hard for some years of my life; for I can- not shut my eyes to the fact that the most formidable strife on which this country ever entered even now looms in tho distance. Ido not refer to the strife of arms. I teel every confidence in the bravery and devotion of England's sons, and am quite easy on that score; but the batue I allude to will be a commercial one; and if we are beaten England will be overshadowed once and f ever, England has based her prestige and power on hor commerce and wealth, and it is now becoming rapidiy universal in this favored land, from the statesman to ihe working wan, to place a money value upon everything, and beiore engaging in any underiaking to ask himself, “Will it pay me?’ I need scarcely say that this can hardly be called a desirable pracnle as the main spring of action, and yet I think every one present will admit that the picture is not far from the truth. Free trade, with all its beauties, has certainly this drawback, this apparent anomaly, that it makes its fouowers, individually, intensely selilab, and acts against the attraction of cohesion in the mass, to the end, more the pity, of almost putting @ stop to united action. These reilections have arisen from the fear that our great rivals, now tha! their war is conciuded, will strain every nerve (0 beat ua as a nation in the commercial race, and, as a natin, catch us napping, however sharp we may be individually. if my fears should unfortunately prove well founded England will have the pedestal upon which she now sands knocked from under her fee, and the only means that can see Wo avert the danger is to inaugurate «# policy which, while it shall aim as heretofore at steering the pation clear of rocks and sboals, shall at the same cim give pe ship steerage way by “increased speed, a fulier head of steam, suflicent, indeed, to prevent the old crait from being outstripped by any other vessel- AMERICA RAPIDLY OVERTAKING GREAT HRITAIN, To show that my fears of a iormidabie rivalry have a foundation in fact have only to recall to your recoilec- tion the following figures:—Ihe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireiaud numbered, in 1361, 24,413,000: the United States, in 1860, numbered 27,477,! hu Slaves 3,952,801; total, 31,429,891. In the your 1571 the estimated population of Great Britain and Ireland, as- suining the rate of increase to be the same as between 1861 and 1861, nearly six per cent—in England it was twelve por ceht—aill be 30,989,000, while in the United States the population by 1570 will have attained 42,328, - 341; and at the same rato, tua: is to say, at the rate of 34.6, the average decennial increase per cent of our kinsmen on the other sido of the Atlantic, ther population, will, in 1890, have reached the cnormous amount of 76,677,872; im other words be just double the number which the census returns of this country wilt then show. It behooves our statesmen to ponder well over these figures. There is a physical strength in this rivalry which will not allow itself to be ignored, These powerful kiusmen of ours have acquired the exclusive right of transit across Panama; and the least intelligent mind in this country must understand that our trade in the Pacifico w thereby pardized. My earnest wish is to make this point thor- ‘oughly understood in Europe, and to open the eyes of my countrymen to the fact that we are doing our wo inorease this formidable array of numbers, by quietly permitting the emigration from this country to feed this enormous population, and that, moreover, with discontented individuals, who are gradually but surely\ estranging the ‘two countries more effectually tue haireds and jealousies of the last century divided France aud England. I tirmly believe ‘that it would pay weil to direct this stream of emigra- tion to our dependencies by means of aun em'gration de- partment, weil supplied with funds to forward to our colonies, [ree of cost, any well conducted person desirous of settling there, This plan, added w an Intelligent determination on the part of our government to knit the colonies to as by allording every faciity im their power for creasing the means of rapid inter- communication, would, while immensely adding to our commerce, ‘destroy the preponderance of numbers now ranged in such formidable array aga'nst us on the other side of the Atlantic, I have no doubt that the New World Isthmuy is destined to play a great part in our future. It is of vital importance to this couatry to keep it open. At the proper period re- sources are brought to light under tho dispensation of Providence which have been long provided, but remained out of sgbt until circumstances arise wuich make their application self-evident. This, lam sanguine enough to Dolieve, w the case with the overy of the new roate through Nicaragua, and which, thereiore, for the many purposes 1 have mentioued, I am anxious to make ag fuuiuar to my couutrymen as Panama is o the Ameri- cus, NEWS FROM FORTRESS MONROE, Our #ortress Monroe Correspondence. Fortness Monnor, Feb, 24, 1866, Instalment from the Twenty ts Gory? Bonded Ware- house in Norfolk— Arvett of @ Brother of the Norfolk De- Saulting Banker—The French Man-of-War, ée. The first {nstalment of the Twenty-tifth corps arrived this moruing oa the New Orleans steamer Evening Star, consisting of the First United States colored cavalry rezi- mont, eight hundred and sixty strong, and commanded by Licutenant Colonel W. H. Seip. The Evening Star left Now Orteans on the 17th inst., and enjoyed very agreeable weather most of the voyage. Afier disem- barking the troops she left for New York. For some time past a remor has prévailed that the Twonty-firth corps w to come to City Polnt, and there re. eoive final discharges and payment. It ww quite certain that in the anticipation of their being ordered there a busy crowd of gentlemen of the Hebrew Persuasion are there now, filling stores with ‘sheep cloding,” Jewelry, and miscellaneous knick knacks calen- a to Bil the eyes and deplete the purses of our colored tere. UNITRD STATES REVANUK MATTERS, The United States revenue cutter Kankakee, ordered to Philadelphia to relieve the Forsenden, will leave on Monday. It ts soppored her abeonce will be only tempo- rary, no vessel having beon red to take her place here ‘The Moccasin will be the only cutter lef. From the Treasury Department permission bas just been re. ceived to open a bonded warehouse in Norfolk. Colonel William Lamb, memorable as the commander of Fort Fisher and the cordial invitation ven our boys through a speaking trumpet from the to “Come on, Yanks,” is to have char; and, in fact, bas already given the stipulated bor and has everything in readiness to run the concern in firat class metropolitan style. Sneh an institution has been needed, and will not fail to be justly appre- ciated. CLARK, THR DEFAULTING BANKER. The ori Clark, whose namo has been before the blie wi ‘wuch unfavorable prominence through his 9 op neg -_ pq: oe with eT doposi as not turned w like the character tn Ty ie “had x brother,” nid thta brother haa turned up. Jt is alleged that this brother, F. C. who has arrested {n Norfolk and is now await ao examination before ® commission on Mor 5 eh up with hie brother's financial jone. i unlikely that the fe gen | pote may show his innocence or otherwise, what of hope remarns to the defrauded depositors to get pemeapirnens Seay nn d : Nha ge mm A previous re. regarding ‘alcation, to say, ires Rievection, in the one particular of there being’ & Ieay tome plicated in the case. The indy in question, lam now had nothing whatever to do with Clark's affairs, either laily or otherwise, She oceuptes the highest nocial position = is as much and esteemed CJ an: fa Norfolk. The whole undoubted! sragingiee fo the mere 008 ; Ko ork via rn sant ounee wes bust seoganeed Hess conne with her own affairs a day or two before Clark left BOUND. Tas, owe, 2, TA, TO, 80, 81, 95, 96, 101, 105, How They were Traced and Recovered. A NASSAU STREET BROKER ARRESTED. SPBNCH PETTIS IN CUSTODT Interesting Examination Before, Justice Dowling. ; &. ke. &e, A very interosting case involving the robbery of United States five-twenty coupon bonds to the amount of three thousand dollars, came before Justice Dowling for exami- nation on yesterday. The facts as developed by the in- vestigation show that in July, 1863, there were stolen from Lewis Sonneborn, of 2,017 Amber street, Philadel- phia, three thousand dollars worth of United States coupon bonds which be had but a few moment's previous purchased of Jay Cook & Co, at thelr office in Philadelphia, Every exertion was used by Mr, 3, toward the recovery of his money, but without avail, Advertisements were published and legal advice procured. J, Warren Coulston, attorney and counsellor at law, took the matter in band, and at his advice Mr, Sonneborn wrote to the Treasury Department relative to the stolen bonds. After the lapse of some time a clue was obtained which led to the con- clusion thatthe bonds, ora portion thereof, were in the possession of L, 8. Lawrence & Co., brokers, No, 164 Nassau street, New York city, Messrs, Sonnoborn and Coulston came to this city, procured the assistance of police officers, and finally through the arrest of Mr. L. 8. Lawrence recovered a portion of the stolen bonds, as 1a shown in the testimony given before Justice Dowling. At the examination yesterday, Assistant ‘United States District Attorney Courtney appeared on behalf of the Treasury Department and Mr. Sonneborn. Counsellor Chambers for Lawr-nce & Co, Spencer Pettis was in custody at the court, charged with having disposed of the bonds to the parties from whom Lawrence & Co, procured them. Wm. F. Howo appeared for Peiis. The first witness called was Lewis Sonneborn, who gave his testimony as follows:—In 1863 I purchased some five-twenty coupon bonds; I paid for them in Juno and received them in July from Jay Cooke & Co.; there were six of them; the numbers were 24,289 up to 24,204, inclusive; they were taken from my possession about two minutes after I had left Jay Cooke's office; I do not know by whom they -were taken; since they were taken from me, I have endeavored to learu their where- abouts; the two bonds shown nie here are, I think, the ones stolen from me. ‘ Mr. Courtney+State if there has been any alteration in them. Mr. Howe—I would like to ask the Court if my client is charged with stealing these bonds? Mr. Courtner—-Who does the gentleman appear for? Mr. Howe—I appear (or Mr. Pettis, Mr. Courtney—I am not examining Mr. Pettis, Mr. Howe—Mr. Pettis was brought here ths morning to answer a complaint; but there is no complaint made against him, and be ore we go any further I object to the question, Judge Dowling—What is your objection? Mr. Howe—Ho asks if these bonds taken from him ‘were altered before he shows that they have been altered. . Courtney—I will put the question in this manner, Since you purchased those bonds, and since the time they were taken from you, have they been altered? Witness—Yes, sir; ths eight was a two when I had them; the figure two has been orased and an oight sub- stituted, so that they read Nos, 24,890 and 24,804; the first intimation I had of their whereabouts was in the fall of 1865; I reveived a letter from the ‘Treasury De- partment, which stated that the coupons bad been paid from the Treasury here to the account of L. 8. Lawrenoe & Co.; [have never seen them until to-day, here, Cross-examined by Mr. Howe—Will you swear posi- tively those bonds shown bere are you By the infor- mation I got irom the Treasury department that the coupons came from New York, and that they bad dupli- cate coupons; I believe they are mine. Mr. Howe— Will you look at that bond, No. 24,800. Judge Dowling—1 don’t think Mr, Howe there is any necessity for you to ‘cross-examine this wilness, you might as well wait until something is proven of your client, Mr: Howe—Very well, sir. J, Warren Coulston was next called and sworn. He said:—I reside at No, 1,604 Chestnut street, Philadelphia; was in New York during the present month; { mot Mr. Lawrence for the first time on Friday, the 17th of Feb- ruary; Lsaw him at his placo of busi: in Nassau street; I called there in company with Mr. Wooldridg: detective of the Sixth ward station; both of us had co versation with him; I was present during ail the conver- sation between Mr. Lawrence and Wooldridge; Mr. Wool- dridge said in substance as follows:—°Mr. Lawrence, I am a detective; I come here on official business; in 1863 six five-twenty coupon bonds were stolen and brought to New York, and ther numbers changed. We have tra ed them to your posseesion, and are here for the .¢ of demanding these bonis from you." fr, Laurence replied that he badu’t the bonds, Mr. Courtney—What else did he say? Witness—He said he never had the bonds. After some general conversation, unimportant im its character, I said to Mr. Lawrence, ‘We know that you have these bonds; they have been traced to your possession.” He replied to me, “You had better take care how you make assertions of that kind.”’ Mr. Chambers—Wait one moment. I appear here for Mr, L. 8. Lawrence. Mr. Courtney ts off rng evidence of some conversation between Mr. Lawrence and a de- tective. I presume upon the return of a search warrant you will not suppose the guilt of any party until a com- peat against that party has been made. Mr. Courtney introducing evidence which indireetiy stabs the repu- tation of bus.ness man. [think this conversation is improper until a bas been made before a proper tribunal. ‘© don’t like to bave them produce evidence which casts suspicion upon tho character of Mr. Laurence. I object to such evidence, Mr. Lawrence boo ght these bonds in good faith and paid their full value forthem. Justice Dowling—I cannot excinde any testimony as to conversation between Mr. Lawrence and the officer, He was there on official business, What is it you wish me to do? Ux. Chambers—I object to the testimony as to detail- ing the interview with the witness and the detective. Justice Dowling—I must admit it Mr, Chambers—Mr, Lawrence does not keep a junk thop; he is a banker, Justice Dowling-—There are more honest men, I gus, ong the Junk gealers than among the bankers. You will have an opportunity to show the innocence of your client in good time, saw Mr. Lawrence before to-day. nan. There is ovidence in this caso which shows that Mr. Lawrence, to use the mildest term, had a knowled| that these bonds were altered and counterfeited. 1 dou know that Mr. Lawrence ts entitled to more considera- tion than ordinary people, There has been mare crime and more fraud perpetrated upon the rights of the community Dy persons calling themselves bankers brokers junk men, Or even the inhabitants of the Five Points. Isha show that when the attention of Mr, Lawrence was called to these bonds he said he never had seen, heard or known of them. If he had intended to his duty he would have deliverea them up. subsequentiy admitted that he had sold some of them and that he knew where to find more, One of them was found in his possession. If we can show those facts it is then the duty of Lawrence, if he can, to show whore he got them. Lam here only See a ee eee it to the Court to decide. Justice Dowling—The witoess may repeat whatever conversation Wanspired between Mr. Lawrence and the ote ft. Witners-—I replied that 1 understood my position; knew what I was about, or we should not be so poritive; Detective Wooldridge then said, “Weil, Mr. Lawrence, we here for those bonds; will you deliver them or not?’ Mr. Lawrence then said, ‘Well, pag ye acknowledge I bought $2,500 of these bonds; 1 a ousand and bought them again, and sold another thousand and know whore there is a thousand; and can get it; that is if you me @ chances; but if you are to be > Se tay alee," or words to that effect; ¢ Mr. Woold pro. duced bis search warrant and eaid he bad an cppleasant pram Nad eam pen Weeds ome it; we all three walked to and as the fireproof Mr. Lawrence took out the papers Ur. Wooldridge stood by me, and we fopaner examin paper a them; up to thts iene we had Noes of the mang then said to Mr. Lawrence we know that you bow can facilitate matters by BERGHEI Hof i g ; z 2 E ti ii 5 5 al = & fits HI 3 ieee Li hs i A : In to this queation th: witness detatiod the Inter. Be necessity for jad he produced this $500 bond himself after I had told bit tosave us trouble; he had quite a number of bonds, mostly seven-thirties; he had some four or five tive Mee cherenes i made ti Mr. _ lave you an’ jon to Lawrence to one ils meer ee Witness—In ths way L have; when we came before Judge Dowling, the Judge remanded tho prisoner to (he custody of the vilicer unul the following Peay on gulng down stairs Mr, Lawrence said he wanted to to Boston; he said when I come back next if you will meet me as a business man I'll settle with ou ;' I said, You know our position ;we have but these nds, and we want them or their equivalent in money; one is as good as another;”’ I said, ‘bir. L., 1 want you to distinctly understand that I hold out no inducements, or apy threats for you to settle this; you must be ie vA your baci Jus pony be, a that they had comd into possession em in a fair, square . I think he said they had @ record of them which could be seen at any time. Re-direct—Did Mr. Lawrence offer to show you this bond beforo you informed him that rd had warrant? No, sir; and not then did he pro to deliver ne Pape kn vt Pe eetenn ie safe Mr. Courtney—Was it ul er you ini said they had bot Tlie tas aod sae magh in @ fair juare Wi Witness—Yes, an; he aid not say from whom he bought them; I think we did not ask him; I learned Bul uently from him from whom he bought them; he ‘id nok state how he wouldseitle, whether it would be our bonds or mone; Re-cepse examina Lawrence said he did not want any troyble about them. rary Dowling--Did Mr. Lawrence tell you from whom he bonght them? A. I think he did. @ From whom? A, Farrar & Lyons, No 61 South street; they bad boaght them from a Spencer Portis, Marvin t Rodman sworn—I am clerk tn the United States Treasury D-partment; have beep there some three years; I have seen these coupons before; have had them in my possession; they were paid on the 20th of Novom- ber, 1863; tive of them were paid on. that date to L. 8. Lawrence & Co,; the next payments were made on Aprit 20, 1864, and November 20, 1564; another ment was made in May, 1805, and they were due’ again in Novem- ber, 1865, but I cannot say that they were paid; I have received a letter, from Washington on the subj-os) there has been an alteration which is quite apparent; do not think I should have any diMculty in detecting the forgery ; I was a broker before I eatored the Treasury Departwnent; in my opinion a person would have but little difficulty in discovering the alteration; I have no knowledge that Mr. Lawrence himself secured the payment on the coupons; I have his recoipts the papor shown is a schedule made out by Mire Lawren and sent down by bim; it iscustomary for brokers Hecoas such; it is the custom of the department not to cou pons the number of which have been altered; if a clerk receives thom it is his duty to refuse payment pores esi ns presented to the department were pai Reow what clerk in the office paid these coupons; I don't know whether Mr. Lawrence presented the coupons bim- self or not; the clerk who paid them did not detect the alteration. Mr, Courtney—I suppose he was green and did not know his business. ‘Mr, Sanneborn recallod—In November, 1865, 1 received letter from tho Treasury Department in relation to shane ont poe bonds; the letter shown me is the ove I ved. Mr. Courtney—I propose to introduce that letter as evidence, Justice Dowll: the loss of these Mr. Chambers—Oh, no, sir, Mr. Courtney—My object is to had these bonds; thatone of th session, and that he afterwards promised to and deliver them to Captain Jourdan, but 80 by advice of counsel . Mr. Chambers When I was retained as counsel T was told of this promise, and I objected to it, and instructed him to decline delivering them up, a8 he had purchased them in good faith; when I came up this morning as counsel I had no idea thai a complaint would be made against Mr. Lawrence; 1 have been surprised at the course of the prosécution; 1 have been counsel for Mr. Lawrence for years, andI have such knowledge of this transaction that it would bo im) for me to appear as counse| and witness; I employ counsel for Siz Lawrence as I will be called as a witness, Mr. Courtney—I pro that we go on with the other witnesses and reserve Mr. Chambers until the last. Mr. Chambers—It is a delicate position for a man to ‘occupy. Me Gourtney—I don’t want to ro it on. Mr, Chambers—-They being. by 4 ikors, I will say thas some of them were purchased by me and the coupons collected by me and went into my pocket. (Laughter,) —I au there is no question about ae that Mr. Lawrence ‘was found in his ure otl ined to de case will have to go over. Mr. Howe—There is no evideuce No one is here to make acomplaint. I can’t see what connection my client bas got wit Ho is not in’ A this charge. He is only mentioned in the “Justice Dowling —The sibility is upos justice —" 4 me now, and I will take it. I will keep te, Pout ir. Howe—Dpon what grounds? Your Honor does nes wish to do Injustice. Justice Dowling—I will commit no injustice, From information I have received I must have evidence. Ie iy yr re forwardjand wassworn. He said ir. ons — ido vekeon ot South street; 1 havo seen these bonds beforo; I bought five bonds of that character. Justice Dowling—From whom did you obtain them? Witness—From F. 8. Pottis; my partner disposed them to L. 8. Lawrence & Co.; it 80 appears upon ose eg it is a usual cash entry, credited to Lawrence 0. Mr. Howe—I now ask that Mr. Pettis may be allowed to show how he came in possession of these bonds? ‘not grant it, I will hold Mr. Mr. Lawrence also. Henry C, Lyons became Mr. Lawrence's ten | and Pettis, who could not ire bail, was commi' to await the result of the examination, which continued at nine o'clock next Monday a A wep Maker in © . arracument AGAINSt Jaies f. TD ON & CHARGE OF DEFRAUDING HIS CREDITORS. * SUPREME CovRT—otAMDERS, Before Judge Ingraham. Patrick O' Beirne vs. Jame: 7. Lloyd. —Thia ts an action against Lioydethe celebrated map publisher. The case came up in Chambers yesterday morning, and was argued on a motion to vacate an attachment against Mr.. Lioyd, obtained some weeks ago on the petition of Mr. O' Beirne, a civil surveyor, form in the employment of the former, The attacument been on affidavits representing that Mr. Lioyd was indebted to O' Beirne in the sum of over three thousand dollars for services rendered in preparing certain and that he (Lioyd) was about to remove to ‘Engisnd, with the intent of is ‘reditors, On this order of at | u several cases of about being shipped to England were atiached on the steamer Etna, about tv sat for Europe; but the vessel departed on the understand pe Se Sw should be returned from Liverpoot, In to this Mr. Lloyd made an aflidavit to the effect ‘that be had no intention to defraud his creditors; thas he had sufficient property to cover b if a and that he did not, as charged ia keop himself seaamind from his fe esnay ay ument yeaterday ex Judge Allen Pore ae en tn eaplegiwo hoor in arguing. Court of General Sessions. Before Judge Russel. The calendar of cases in this court wor very large yom terday, and Assistant District Attorney Hutchings em@ the City Judge disposed of a large number of them, George Revere and Joho Zimmer, indicted for burglary tm the third degree, having entered the premises of Pever Stewart, 162 Bowery, on the night of the 12th inet, pleaded guilty to the ol They stole thirty-cigh® dollars’ work of velvete eitke, and part of tue pi erty was found = them. They wore each sent to State Privon for three years and six montha James W. Traey and James W. Smith were charged With sealing seven boxes of Lea, wort! the property of H. 8. Jameson, 110 Kast Twonty-nnith con the 12th of January. Sroith was convicted, and sont to Btate Prison fog three years, while Tracy war acquitted, Wm, Suliivan and fteury Branigan, who stole a robe and a blanket, worth ni dotiars, from’ Jobn W. Mar tn, 112 West Thirty-ninth , On the 10th inst, plead- ed guilty to an suas at grand larceny, They were ““Joveph Mangie, charged with stealing trom Mary 140 1, w m on the ton ot January, thirty org bg Ay a , pleaded guilty to petty lareeny. He was sous juery for six months, and to payee i