The New York Herald Newspaper, January 19, 1866, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, JANUARY 19, 1866.—WITH SUPPLEMENT. NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, @FFICH N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway.—So.on Sarvaux, LUCY RUSHTON'S NEW YORK THEATRE, and Broadway.—Tuw SCHOOL FoR errant ne WOOD'S THEATRE, Broadway, Pe ni mR Posatees. opposite the St. Nichola ACADEMY OF MUSIO, Irvi: Le - ps. Si, irving Place.—Tagarae Fran: TONY PASTOR'S OPERA aNCING, BURLESQUES. ma Dh lOUSE. 201 Bowery. —Sina- Hi &c.—Tux JzaLous Wirx. GEORGE CHRISTY’S MIN3TRELS.—Tas oy Minstaxisy, Bau Musicat Guus, dc., Rei Avenue Opera House, Nos. 2 and 4 Wesi Twenty-fourth at, SAN FRANCISOO MINSTRELS, 535 Broadway, opposite tan aod ni Hotel —Brmiorian Suvcing, Danciwa, &c. YANTS’ MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 473 way. —Dan Barant's New Stour Seseon—N: ims, Buxtusquas, ‘Bo, —Lavauroucansia, sar iW YORE open rome 1A IO ANATOMY, G18 Broadway. BROOKLYN ATHEN.SUM.—Caurazis’s Minsraecs, WITH SUPPLEMENT. New Yerk, Friday, Jan: ¥ 19, 1866. IMPORTANT FROM MEXIOO. ‘The announcement comes from New Orleans that the ‘armed force from Texas which captured from the Mexi- can imperiafiets the town of Bagdad, on the Rio Grande, as described in yesterday's Herawp, consisted chiefly of the One Hundred and Eighteonth United States colored infantry, under Colonel Davis, The capture was effected on the morning of the Sth inst., and it is said that the negroes immediately after commenced plundering the place and robbing the citizens, shooting those who refused to deliver their money, ‘Three hundred imperialists were made prisoners, about half of whom joined ths republican service and were detailed to garrison the town, the captora immediately ‘disappearing. The American General Crawford was in Command of it, and General Escobedo was on his way Wither, The accounts indicate that the former was abong starting on another oxpedition. Gcnoral Weitzel, at the request of Escobedo, sent two hundred men from Brownsvnis, Texas, to Bagdad to preserve order, The shelling of the town by # French vessel, which was kept ‘up during the 6th inst., did not result in relaxing in the Slightest degree the hod upon it of its new garrison. By way of Vera Crng we have received intalligence of Yopublican successes of the most important character. Toluca, the ancient capital of Moxico, a fine city of twelve thousand inhabitants, has been captured by the Juarists under Munoz, and so critical is the emérgency that Mar- shal Bazaine, with all the imperial troops at hand, had started from Mexico city to.attempt to retake the poal-\- tion, There is, further, & rdmor, apparently woll found- 04, thate couple of valuable silver mines have fallen: rior, of which we.now-recoive details, appears not to have: Femulsed go favorably for the republicans, but, all ac- Counts unite on the point thet the position of Maxi- ‘mitiam ts & most critical one. Arising out of the dis- tarbed atate of sfairs, an attempt had been made to ast macsinate the imperial Minister of War; but theplot failed, and the would-be assassins were arrestsd. President Johnson's Message had been rcctived in Morxico city, as in France, with a feeling of intense re- ‘of that war was not to be immediate'y made upon the fmperia! government. The Vera Cruz papers, however, fegard the outbreak of hestilitiea between the United States and France as tuevitable, and only postponed for a timo. CONGRESS. ‘The proceedings of Congress yesterday were both fmterosting and impoftant, In the Senate the memoriat of the Chamber of Commerce of this city in favor of taking part in the Paris Universal Exhibition wan pro- sented and referred. Resolutions were adopted for the distribution amoug the different States of the five hun- dred copies of Madison's works published by authority of Conpress, and instructing the Printing Committee to report the amonnt of moncy paid to the Washington newspapers for advertising, and the ‘aw under which dis- bursed. The Territorial Commitier reported in favor af the adinission of Colorado as aStaic. A resolvtion av- thorizing the issuance of American registers to certan Brith built vessels owned by American cit. ivens was intredteed and referred to the Committe on Commerce. The same commitier reported without amendment the bills oxtendine the time for the with. drawal of cooda fron Donded woreaouses and anthoriz ing the constructien of a telegraph between this ity and the West iudies, A bill, similar to that pasted im the case of (he widow of John Quiney Adu», giving to the widow of Prosident Linenin the franking priviley: during hor life, wae introduced by Mrefnrmner, read thre thaes, and passed unevimousty. The bill entarciag thy powers of the Freedmen's Bureau was called up by Senator Trumbull, wh Jan amendment to it Hentting to three years, instead of for live, the tities of eamen to lauds on whieh they were locoled by General Sher. man, after which the mutter was ind over. The re mainder of the session was occupied in debute of the resolution «favoring the ¢ tablishment o Provisional governments for the athern States, Mr. Wado deltrering a long wiira radical speech fo favor of it ard in reply to the addres of Mr. Doolittle on the-previons day, Mr. Nesmith, democrat, of Oregon, and Mr. Stewart, republican, o Nevada, also spoke, in oppo: on to the resolution, A rhort exeou- ave sonsion was held, duriag which a number of addr tional Prosidentia! nominations were confirmed, incinding that of Goveral Vaa Valk nburg, of this Stave, ax Minis. tor to Japan. Tho proceedings of the House of Rey reventattves were of a more decisively importanigebaracte: shan those of the Senate, including the passage of the District of Co- lumbia negro sulfrage bill, A Dill extending the time withio which States may accep: (he provisions of the act 3 public lands for edaeational purposes and allow fag the lately rebellious States to avail themselves of ite benefits was reporied from the Agricultural Committee. The bill enlerging the powers of the Freedmen’s | Buroau was macs the special order for Tueday | next, and the Untitm Bankruptey ditt was ret down for conmideraton on the vOih wet A pre ambio and fesolu'io. dectariag that American ves. gels which during the rebellion took foreyn revisters should never again be allowed American papers were in- troduced andr" to the Comuitiee on Comnerce, A resolution calling on thd Seoro’ney af the Town cy for a statement of the uumber of «ch vessel which have already had thoi American re.isers restored to them was adopted. ‘The dill giving to thy negroes of the Dis. trict of Columbia the pri" of voting waa then taken vip, and aeveral members spoke for and agninst it Bt forts to amend It by @ property restriction «nd to recom. ‘mit it were votea dows, and the bt!! was rslir parsed, without qualifeation of any Find, by a vote of one Bin. dred and sixtoon your to Alig-four nay» Applause tts, ok “Alage qimter oF tusttors vere Wnder -omsideration te the State Reaate yenverday; bi! the creat muforty of {* them afe oaly of intern: to diteremt y rx rw by the Mayor and Common Council o, 1s were given of bills for a5 wadergro. fond and to reguiaie taxes on tay water purposes, Two or three and several of the same characte In the Assembly severa: bills w ried Leow com Mmaitions and recomiunitted, inclwiing fo ¢ anthorten ‘our City Comptroller to iastie fifty to tan dob ars worth ef Croton water sto~k, jing fer t rrey of te ‘Medson river, cod maith Soto i the ma‘n tenance of the osnals. Not‘ce: were piven of # nenber of cow meamires, among which were oli to alter the map of this city, fo incorporte tho Mew Pot Mutaak Gaslight Compatty, for s raiirowt in 12508 and @ther roots, end authoritng the Seeond Avenue Com. pany to ontond thete track Uirough MG) 'y viedo) street tale _ ned, ‘ Broad .. Comeau. and they thought they might as well do a little filibustering too; so they made a dash at Bag- dad, scared the soldiers of Maximilian and carried off a goodly share of ‘booty. They had probably read the statement of M. Druyn de Lhuys to Mr. Bigelow the other day, that if we wanted to settle any difficulty in Mexico we must make our applications to Mexico and not to France, and they were just acting on this diplomatic suggestion. and avenue A to Ninoty-sixth street. The introductions were also numerous, including bills to amend the suf- frage act, to reduce the fees of surrogates, to amend the ‘Militia and Hell Gate Pilot laws, to provide for the dis- Charge of extra Quarantine liabilities incurred for the Prevention of cholera, for a railroad in Christopher and other streets, and regulating fare on the Eighth Avenue road. A resolution was offered and laid over directing the Supervisors of this county to render within twenty days a full account of all the items and the total amount of the expenditures so far for our new Court House, MISCELLANEOUS. ‘The steamship Montezuma arrived at this port yester- day, with advices from Kingston, Jamaica, to January | 6. No further disturbances had occurred on the island ; but over one hundred and fifty prisoners were still held for trial, and the arrests of ‘rebels’ had not yet ceased. Sir Henry Storks, appointed to supersede Governor Eyre, had not arrived at his post of duty when the steamer left. A despatch from W. Cardwell, British Secretary of State for the Colonies, which had been laid before the local Assembly, seemed to give unqualified approval to the measures taken by Governor Eyre for the suppres- sion of the “revolt.” An account of the litigation in the courts of Ecuador in the case of the American steamer Washington, em- ployed in river navigation in that republic, and com- manded by Captain Game, son of tho United States Con- sul at Guayaquil, ie given in our correspondence from that place. ‘Thb Washington, while eligaged in legit. _mate trade, was captured by a band of-outlaws, who, on her recapture by a war vessel of the-'Tepublic, were dig- nided with the title of revolutionista, and thus, with the addition of an allegation that her gelsire was. effected through the colfusion of her commander, a pretence. was established for her forfeiture. to gbvernment, and she. ‘was confiscated. The steamer is valued at sixty thou- sand dollare, and Captain Game instituted procecdings for her recovery in one of the lower courts, which de- cided against him. He then carried his case to the Su- preme Court, the decision of which had not been ren- dered at the date of our accounts; but it was expected to be the same as that of the tribunal below. Our corre- spondent thinks the occasional visit of a United States cruiser would have a wholesome effect in inspiring re- spect on the partofthe Ecuadorians for the rights of our countrymen. Governor Pierpoint, of Virginia, yesterday sent to the Legislature of that State, with his endorsement, a me- morial of the New York and Virginia Steamship Com- pany asking compensation for two of their vessels, valued at three hundred thousand dollars, seized by the rebels at a Richmond wharf in the eurly partof the late war, ‘The Legislature of North Carolina assembled yester- day, at the calf of Governor Worth. It is expected that the Governor's message will be submitted to-day. Hop. John Sherman was yesterday re-clected United States Senator from Ohio by the Legislature of that State, by a vote of ninety-four to forty-one, The Board of Councilmen met yesterday and trans- acted a large umount of routine business. An ontinance ‘was presented to regulate the running of the city railroad oars, requiring, the drivers to reduce tho speed of their horses to a walk as they approach every intersection, and that a violation of the act shall be punished by a fine of from ten to fifty dollars. It was referred to the Committee on Railroads, A committee was appointed to make the necessary preparations for the celebration of ‘Washirgton’s Birthday, The Comptroller was requested to send to thp Board a statement of all the real estate and other property owned by the city,.to whom it is rented and the eostof collecting the rent. The Boar! concurred with the Aldermen in directing the Croton | ‘Aqueduct. Board fo draw requisitions upon the Comp- ‘pavement donteact up to the date of its annulment; alco urge thé, payment by the national government of the amount expended in the years 1661 and 1862‘by the «Union Bofence Committee ‘in furnishing troops with arms and-aramunition. A resolution in favor of donating ‘two thousand dollars to = Catholic Industrial School in Forty-second street gave rise toan interesting debate. ‘Me. Pullman ¢aid it was time for the Common Couneil to stop voting away the monsy of the taxpayers to support: sectarian Lastitations, The resolution was lost. In the United states Commissoner's office yesterday, ‘Defore Commissioner Stilwell, there was.@ further ad- Journmoent till Saturday-of the case of Captain Peabody, Of the Ame ship Neptune, charged with having tll tregted on beard that vessel while on the voyage ‘from. to New York. 7 ‘ Judge Ya hha» given hie opiniog tn the case of Henry W. Potteriagaiuet the Bennehof Run l’ctraleum Company. Plaintif claimed to be a tenant In common with the @efendanta on their property in Venango county, Peqnsylvauia, and an injunction was placed upon the company a to the division of a large'sum of monoy, the proceeds of oil, among the stookholders. Tho right of the plaintiff was denied, and the tnjioction was dis- continued. ‘The case of Irabella Ayres against Philip Ayres, on a motion tw change the place of trial, was yesterday denied by Judge “utveriand, and the whole matter was scat be- fore a referce. The Tax Commissioners’ case came up again yesterday in the Supreme Court, before Judge J. F. Baruard. A motion was mare for the issuing # wandamus ty compel the Comptrotier to pay the salaries for the month of October, 1863, 1b was comtenried on the part of the de- fendants that the Comptrotler having paid out thy money iligaily, he coud not now be held accoantable therefor, The Judge re erved his decision. [ts not goneraiiy known that citizons while sitting in conri, and not engaged as witnesses or otherwi c ina cause, are linble to b® peremptorily called on a jory in the event of a ack of jurors, This fact was exempiified yesterday in acase betoro Judge Balcom, in Part 2 of the Supreme Court, when the panel was deficient. Three gentlemen present at the time were, by order of the Court, called to the jury box and sWorn by the clork for tuat particular case. The McCabe libel suit was brought toa close yestor- day by Judge Jones ordering @ non-suit against the Pinintiff, om tho givand that the supposed libel came under the class of privileged communications. The de- cis on is of some importance, boing ona point never before adjudicated in thie country, and estaviishing the right of newsprpers to publish a fair and correct account ©: e& perte proceodings, without being obliged to cata. lish the trath of the charges involved. The triat of Jose Gonzales y Fernando for the murd» of Jove Garc a Otero, the 22d of November last, in the (ity Park, Brooklyn, was ‘concluded yesterday in the Kgs county Court of Gyer and Terminer. The court opened at ten o'clock A. M., when the do- fence put in their testimony; but there seemed to bo nothing tangible in it, as the counsel did not j prove anything contradicting the main evidence for the prosecution. The closing address of the District Attorney occupied two hours and a half ia ite dettvery. Judge Gilbert made u brief charge to the jury, when, ata quarter past thrve o'clock P, M., they retired to deliber- | ate on their verdict. They were out two hours, and on returning to the court rootn rendered verdict of guilty against the prisoner, who received it unmoved, and was remanded for seutence, Tho trial of Pellfeer, the alleged accomplice of Gonzi! +s, will commence to-day. The Senate of the Fenian Brotherhood met yesterday to legislate for their division, A Congress is talked of, and a movement on their own account 18 contemplated. ‘The O'Mahony div sion have derived courage and cheer from Stephens’ endorsement, and they are collecting and developing 3 great power. Both parties are recoiving fog brathera. In our Supplement qheet we give» pre. weniment of the canen Of thetwo idee premipe of hostages atterncon and evening at Calvary church, in Tweaty- third street. No definite action of any kind was taken; Dut there was very warm discussion at both sessions on the subject of a Sunday School union. The Convention edjourned to meet on Thursday next, at two o'clock in the afternoon, at the Tabernacle Baptist church. ‘Last evening Bishop Simpson delivered an interesting lecture in St. Paul’s Methodist Episcopal church, on Fourth avenue, his subject being ‘New York asa Mis- sion Field.” He indicated the means whereby large cities should be evangelized, such as the study of the Population, the erecting of large and commodious churches, and the active employment of Christian men and women. ‘The sixty-seventh annual report of the Trustees of the Fire Department Fund of this city, a paper of much interest to firemen and firemen’s widows and orphans, is given in our Supplement of this morning. The receipts for the year 1865 were $54,451 23, and the disbursements $54,364 48, leaving balance at present in the National Butchers’ and Drovers’ Bank of four hundred and ninety-eight dollars, The permanent fund of the association, one hundred thousand dollars, remains untouched, over seventy-three thousand dollars of it being invested in bonds and mortgages, and twenty-six thousand in gov- ernment securities, Charles and Lewis Lindaur were arrested in this city Yesterday and sent to Newark, N. J., for examination oncbarge of having been concerned ta the robbery, on the 9th of last month, of nine thousand dollars worth-of Jewelry from the establishment of Baldwin & Co., in the lnttor place, The annual lection of officers of the New York Prisod Association took place yesterday at No. 12 Centre street, ‘The claims of Minnesota’ to being the most favorable region for the residence of persons with pulmonary’ affections having been advanced in a very able manner by our St. Paul correspondent in his previous letters, he devotes himself in the one which we publish this morn- ing to showing the great advantages which it offers to emigrants of all classes, especially those intending to en- gage in agricultural pursuits, and gives colomists im- Portant information regarding the proper season and the best manner in which to effect their settlement. Of the fifty-four millions of acres of land which the State con- tains, nearly twenty millions are unoccupied and open to settlers under the provisions of the national Homestead law, and farms in good localitics.aqd with excellent soil can therefore be secured at very low figures. Thongh St, Paul 1s about three hundred miles further north than New York, the winter there has been very moderate, and while we were having our ten degroes below zoro, on the 8th inst., with the Minnesotiaus the mercury stood about twenty degrees above, The Lowell (Mass.) papers ssate that the loss by the fire in that city on the morning of the 17th instant was fully a quarter of a million doliars. Tho property was msured for two hundred and seventeen thousand ave hundred dollars, ninety one thousand of which is ia New York offices. Mr, FE. A. Sothern, the actor, beiter known as Lord Dundreary, bas lately had a verdict for two hundred and fifty dollars damages rendered against bim, in the Court of Queen’s Bench, London, in a suit brought by the lessee of the Prince of Wales theatre. The action was brought for failure on the part of Mr. Sothern to comply with his engagement ¢o act in plaintiffs theatre, and the damages were laid at two thousand pounds. Sickness was pleaded by defendant as the justification of his Dreach of contract. A report of the testimony and pro- ‘Ccedings in the case, which are of an amusing and enter- taining character, appears in this morning’s Herat. ‘Rufus Choate, Jr., the only son of the fate celebrated Boston lawyer of that name, died on tho. 15th inst., at Dorobenter, Massachusetts, from the effects of wounds fa the.late war. b wit i fhe stock market wpeged firm and closed steady, but dull, yesterday’ Governments were inactive. Gold The ‘in- gold cecagione® a corresponding’ fling in wots lesen yottay-and in oot Lada of dometitic produce prices ruled decidedly in favor of the. purchaser. Foreign goods were generally quiet. Groceries were quiet, butateady. Cotton was steady. Petroleum was heavy and lower. On 'Change flour was lower, Wheat was nominally a trifle lower for common ‘was Irregular aud closed lower, Lard was heavy. Whis- key ‘was dull but steady. es EEE “The Prestdent’s Duty—General Grant Bnd Secretary Stanton, ‘ National convulsions, unfortunstely, seldom they “began. ~ Behind the patriot reformer Comes. & revolutionist of the worst type. Behind Bailly, the President of the National | Assembly, came Robespierre, who sent Bailly to, the guillotine. Behind Lafayette, with his love of lew and justice, came Danton and Marat, the incarnations of revengeful cruelty and dia- bolical hate. Behind the Parliament of Paris, demanding the convocation of the States Gene- ral, came the Committee of Public Safety and proscription. It is the same always when national necessity and justice are forgotten ina mere savage, partisan spirit; when extremists— the most violent men of the community—get control by means of their appeals to popular passion, and when the great movement of the people is urged beyond its natural, proper ob- ject, and made to perform the selfish purposes of ambitious politicians, It is this that has made the world afraid of revolutions, and dis- posed men to submit for ages to unjust laws and kings rather than to invoke that most fear- ful tyranny which tramples a people dowa in the name of freedom. We stand in danger of baying our great war degenerate into just ench a tyranny. We have gained all its legitimate objects. We have purged the naional system of the gigantic evil which made the war necessary. And now the country wants peace and rest—an opportunity to recuperate-to repair its damuges and poy the bills, But the violent elements are not satisfied. The war has not yet accomplished their objects, and they protest against peace, Disorder has not become anarchy, and they say ithas done nothing. Ti has not carried them high enough, and there must be other victims; and, full of wild fanatical fury, drunken with their passions, they clamor in Uongress, in the press.acd in the Cabinet, against the restora- tion of order, against the reconstruction of the Southern States, against all the acts and propo- sitions of the wiser men who can sce that it is @ patriotic duty to be moderate and to have real peace without delay, Mr. Stanton is now the head of this clamor. He, a member of that council whose only duty and province is to second the President and to assist the national Executive in the discharge of his duties, is the President’s most violent oppo- nent on the great question of the time. His one general; and now we hear that his hatred becomes particularly active against another. Stanton’s dislike to Grant is not new. It was heard of while Grant was still in the West; and then Stanton’s special agent, Dana, went with Grant’s army, ostensibly an Assistant Secretary of War—in fact, a spy, commis- sioned purely and simply to watch Grant. Grant could stand the watching, and went on heedless of it, pounding away at the enemy and establishing that grand name with the people which now puts him in reality out of the reach of such per- sons. Still the attempts against him are now revived, because he is in the way; because with such an honest, simple-minded patriot at its head the army cannot be used as a piece of the radical machinery to keep the Sonth in its present condition. Tt cannot happen better for the country than that one radical fight should be made just here, so that the issue, as it goes to the people, may be simply Stanton or Grant. Grant's record is familiar to all; Stanton’s. is notori- ously 80. To some extent the chatacters of the men are typical of the parties into which the country is dividing on reconstruction; and the President can never be more sure of his posi- tion then in breaking with: his bullying Seere- tary on:this point. Stanton and Great Yoaunot get on together, and Stanton must go... The President should dismiss him boldly and at once, just as General Jackson did when a sec- retary opposed his policy. His duty to the country requires it. He is the Executive. It is in accordance with his views that the behests of the constitution should be exccuted, and the country never’ required more than now that course, that this escapade on the Rio Grande will complicate our government with France. The fact is well known, we presume, that there is abundance of the filibustering element to be found in the country at present, and that Mexico is a very tempting spot just now for the application of filibustering tendencies. It was but the other day that an offer was made to the Mexican Consul at San Francisco of two regiments, armed and equipped, to enter the service of the liberal cause whenever and wherever the Consul pleased to send them. These were, no doubt, composed chiefly of retired rebel soldiers, There is hardly & vessel leaving these ports for Chile or Peru that does not carry s fow North- localities, just as they crosa into Mexico, as emigrants, and the government has no power to prevent them. The French Journat des Débats, remarking the other day on the correspondence between Captain Clouet and General Weitzel, who is in moros, expressed groat fears of a collision between the French and American troops, and said that the situation was not without peril to France, for if it took her ten years to subdue the Mexicans, what would be the consequence if a war with the United States was to ensue? Perhaps these ‘filibusters who attacked Bagdad are trying to furnish a solution to the French editor’s ideas, Folly of the Dominant Party in Con- @ress—Au Opposition Healthtul. The overwhelming majority of the republi- can party in Congress may prove fatal to it, Opposition, which always stimulates cohesion, may be too feeble to keep the republicans united or to restrain them in their destructive radical course. .Never did @ party occupy 4 more favornble position for perpetuating its power. Itcan govern the country fifty years if is chooses, and pursues the right poli¢y. It prosecuted the war to a successfal issue, which gives it a strong hold upon the affections of the people and great advantages; it elected the President, and it 4s all-powerful in Congress. q log bpriney linens hanghe= hadewmd Equal Rights—The New Naturalization Bill Before Congress. Under the naturalization laws of Congress as they now stand, framed according to the constitution as it was, in support of slavery, the term “white” or “free-white persons” fre- quently occurs, making discriminations against the black race. Under “the constitution as it is,” with the incorporation of the amendment sweeping off the institution of African slavery, a bill has been introduced inio Congress recog- nizing the abolition of all these distinctions of race and color, so that hereafter all persons, white, mixed or black, born in the United States or under their jurisdiction, are declared citizens, and entitled to all the rights and privileges of citizens of the United States. This is a long stride toward the settlement of this whole question of the civil and politi- cal rights of the African race in all the States upon e footing of equality. The regulation of the right of suffrage belongs to the.several against the blacks grew out of and depended ‘upon the recognition of African slavery in the) federal constitution, they all cease to possess. any constitutional validity with the institution of slavery abolished and prohibited in the su- preme law. As that law now stands our black “population have become a portion of the peo- we of the United States, named as the sove- upon the constitution alone for our tion in reference to the races. of this country, ‘we cannot deiérmine whether’ there tre Or.are not.any “persons” of the African Face amoog us, 0 careful were the founders of the government, even im recognizing African slavery, to hide it from the world, and to con- form to their Declaration of Independence that “all men are created equal.” “The. fathers” shaped their organic law to meet the expected contingency of the abolition of slavery in a short time, and they left the con- stilaton, a8 far as possible, adapted to this event. Among other provisions looking in this di- rection they ordained that the “citizens of each State shall be entitled to all the privileges and immunities of citizen’ in the several States,” and that “the United States shall guarantee to each State a republican form of government,” Under the authority of this provision President Johnson bas pursued his Southern policy of restoration, and under the same authority, to- gether with the power to be the judges of the elections and qualifications of their own mem- bers, the two houses of Congress are engaged in thelr work of reconsiruction, The leading Northern rad'cala soniend that, slavery being abolished, a Southern State goverimens which excludes the emancipated blacks from the civil and political rights of the whites is not repub- lican in form, but an anti-republican oligérehy. Very well, If you have the power why not apply the remedy in a general law upon the subject, applying (0 all the States—to Conneo- ticut and Wisconsin as well as to Virginia and South Carolina? Cannot this thing be done under this new constiiutional amendment, which puts whites and blacks upon the same political level? Is not the “republican form of government” to this extent enlarged which the United States is bound to guarantee to each State? Why not, then, sdmit the excluded States into Congress without further delay beyond the passage of @ general law defining the civil and political rights of the blacks, as citi- zeus, in all the States, leaving the final decision ‘of the question to the Supreme Court upon the first contested case—the April Connecticut election? The new naturalization bill isa good step in this direction. But if the majority of the two horses are intent upon Southern resto- erclusiea for featraint is removed, end it plunges hesdiong panimal in this respect. Take away the bridle and intractable. When the‘French Convention is, creating diegusi in the public mind, a roac- ton, and the disruption of the party. gress found a strong opposition it would not have ventured upon the exireme course it took at tho commencement of the session; it would Mr. Johnson, but would have clung to the Presi- dent as its chiefand pilot. It would have be- come his defender, and not assailant. Buthav- ing nothing else to fight against it made war on him. If this course be parsued it is evident one of two results must follow: either the republican party will be broken mp in the straggle and ihe conservative portion will be- come the new party of the future, or the Presi- dent will be driven to form a party for himself out of the democrats and such conservative elements as he may find in the next election. There is no doubt abont the sentiment of the conatry boing with him. He would be able to hold his ground till the next elections, and then the existing republican party would be set aside for onc mote in harmony with the ad- ministration. It is to be regretted that parties are not more evenly balanced in Congress. A country is governed best when parties are so balanced. Not only does one hold the other in check. hut their contests expose errors and bring out trnth more prominently, Op is decidedly healthful. We think it was Wal- pole, who, seeing the necessity of an oppo- sition party for the healthful operations of government, actually created one; and it was called “His Majesty’s opposition.” There must and will be opposition, from the nature of things, as soon as the elements of the great revolution we are passing through subside. Ii is for the republicans to say—for they have the power now—whether (hey will be the administration his own party; but they have the vantage ground, and can hold it if they choose to do so. Grysrat Granr m Evnorn—The late steamers brought us the comments of the British press on General Grant's report war. Both it as s composition provinctals te renewed exetement and wrath, wocceasful ‘Tee Maggy: Be sega failed. Hin com- aud the devotess of stating enjoyed thomselves dnely. money, pelga an oni, whereab ‘Yonards evening the thaw commenced to take effect, and | Prolonged te four years that might have been overy campaign lind left the contest it te much to be feared thas tbe ball will come down this | ended in two. All that was the result of Seore- ws eth It mast be aauraing. tary Stanton’s quarrels with generals and understood, too, that wherever military science The auction ante of the cetebratnd Cattery com- Lay ge Weasel oyna, ater emt is efforts to crush those with whom be quar. appears mote conspicuous than brute force, | | Vout aight, at No, 648 Broadway, by Mens taeda & | Telled. His endeavors to destroy General Mo- that merit ie Grant's aleo.” While this writer Miner, anetioneers One hanired aud ttenty-two | Cleilan cost the country its first magnificent seems to dwell deploringly over the enormous | Siete Soares ea Semnanen Sen on.s08 army, @2 Milled the campaign by which eaorifice of life which was the cost of this suc- CoiolY, 4 Mag, Reve teas, eleree thousand deters TO | Ri teond’ gould have been in 1868: Gens, and speaks of it as Grant's “military t ae met Feat BHT WHF SMacrion wis be thereby it let the a Mary cad arithmetic,” he confesses thet the Generel is i eposed of enemy land, | _ The trot sonst enbibition of the Paiia Scaico tub | ballt the then feeble confederney up into @ “entitled to the oredit which success or | Was inautarata: tvst evening at the Derby Geltery, on } great power, only to be put down. by the meer and, indeed, terrible pgs «aay coms wes, j Brosdwey. Tie areendance war lane, and the workt— | foe of o doen armies and the acouisulation Of may well be questioned er an indefinite | Over two Landrat and Wey In aumbar-—ware much ad. ‘aed prolongation of the war would sot have cost salted by all present, our greet debt. A quarter of a million wasted ten an © Gack praise ie ail ‘Aventis of diaeies foee the taptich Suneay | 100 Bd the latger’ pat of, the aunlomnt Godt Tienda teammates Gimmbateds SAiae's of ow ort and Brookira wae eld veeberdar | ary the mounments of Me. Sianton's hatred te Cons be exvccted from But, joking apart, there is no danger, of ern men gad a’ good. many Southern- ers to those countries,;-with the intention of taking up arms there. They may goto ‘those, command of the American troops at Mata- ‘tour our excperionoes; Samemeeerewedtiune into the wildest and most radics] measures. ‘We ee this in every-day life, Man is but on or curb and he will become restive,.wayward wore it cossary. "Tha and’ do thn baad in AN) non:-thns ‘Had the dominant republican party in Con-. not have assailed the reconstruction policy of had no sympathy with the Onion cause, an& which praises, probably, unwillingly. The views expressed by the British press, now thatthe war is over and General Grant’s report has appeared, we often expressed during the closing events of the war, and before the report was published. We have been long convinced that Grant was the greatest general of the age, and we have no doubt this will be the record of history. While this eminent soldier stands so conspicuously above others, he is really but a true type of his countrymen and of American character, and particularly of the men of the West, Plain, unpretending, simple in manner and taste, but full of practical common sense and vigor of purpose and in action, he is truly @ representative man. There were many simi- lar types among the officers of the army, with different modifications of character, but he rose to be the foremost. It only requires s great event, like that of the war just concluded, to bring out the wealth of latent talent we have in this country. The superior lustre of the General-in-Chief partially poteg loool distinguished soldiers; but who can do if we had not our present generals, and ing fresh war should need others, that we should find other Grants, Shermans and Sheridans? The republic is full. of latent telent, which every occasion will develop. This fact is now being appreciated in Europb, though some- what tardily; and, we hope it may have the effect of teaching the governments there that a mighty Power has grown up on this side the Atlantio which has the resources to compel justice to be done and to enforce its policy. Tar Tunisian Ampassapors ABROAD AND THR New Yorx Huratp.—Our correspondent in Florence, Italy, writing under date of Decom- ber 19, informs us of the arrival in Leg- horn, en route for their homes, a few days pre- viously, of the Tunisian Embassy lately in this country, consisting of General Otman Hashem, Envoy Extraordinary; Lieutenant Colonel Ramiro Gaita, attache; Chevalior Antoni Conti, secretary and interpreter, and Mr. Perry, Consul General of the United States at Tunis. The readers of the Hunatp were kept thoroughly posied in regard to the move- ments of these distinguished strangers while in the United States, and they will no donbt be pleased to learn that their guests cherish » most lively recollection of the many kindnesses bestowed upon them while here. When our correspondent waiied on General Hashem he writes that he was received very cordially, and on rising to leave the General addrossed him a8 follows:— ‘MESSAGE OF THR TUNIS AMPASRADOR TO THR PEOPLE OV THR UNITED STATES. through the Hexatp, my Staresfor the pine EES Wasps te set footed wa wht we fro wilh Cola, thentively oeleed silthat ws could or did: anticipate, and wo shall report amore Teftir te the’ healit “the” People ‘of Mite comntey.. derived ‘from having Our special Correspondents abrosd. ‘They serve mob only as mediums, as in the case of the Ta- nisian ambassadors, for conveying intelligence to the private citizen, but al the same that of the New Yorx Hara than by seleo- tions for consuls made by the government from sentatives of the Hera to those foreign places where vsiablished American newspaper correspondents have hitherto been searcely known, and we aré preparing to enlarge our staff of foreign correspondents by despatching to distant conntries other gentlemen who have won honorable distinction from their assooia- tion with American journalism and literature. Afler some of the new steam lines now in con- templation «re established we shall not be sur- prised to learn thut London papers will be in- debted to the New Yors Hrxatp for their latest intelligence frum Mediterranean countries and other parts of Eastern Europe. Free Traps «xp Proveciton—-Tar Humpvos or THR Day.-The Triieme and the Post are making a grval tus about the questions of free trade and protection, devoting their columns to lengthy articles and absirnse arguments om both sides of the sulsject. These Rip Van Winkle journalists do not seem to mnderstand that the free trade idea is a. thing of the past; that the war has putit altogettier ont of sight. This country is bound to become the greatest manu- facturing conmis IS te World. ‘This fact will be established, if by nothing else, by the very existence of the immense water power {a {bg Southern States, especially in Virginia and the Carolinas, where the coiton felds are at the door of the manufactories, Every bale of cotton raised here will hefore long be manu- factured into fabrics in this country. It will not take many yoars to accomplish this, and then the proverbial maoufacturing power of England will vavieh very quickly, and with that power all her greatness a6 a commercial nation must decline. As fur as the question of high tariff and pro‘ection is concerned we know very well that all we ever required from it was lates itself upon the principles of the aniversal law of supply and demand. We have absolsi, command of the most important staple in the whole , Cotton fabrics. The ex- periments which bave been tried during the war—when the of Awertosn colton ‘that article whe i Bare failures, Beuthere States of this « ‘wpon for the pro- duction of le theretore established; and the capacities of the established ander the happy reconstruction system which the President is working oat. The resources of the Southern States In minern? wealth are gimost unlimiied. There are few countries in the world that cam compete with them fa this respec: them i d v3Eg2 ‘el qe i gf mnoh interest to the government ag well ag . ' \ ’ '