The New York Herald Newspaper, December 26, 1865, Page 8

) MEXICO. Rumored Resignation of the Presidency by Juarez. @ GANARD FOR THE FRENCH MARKET, : od , Wexice as a Field for Emi- gration. What the “KE. G.C’s” Thought of It Six Years Ago. Important Privately Printed Pamphlet. American Industry Reqaited to Develop the Resources of the Country. Oar People Advised to Go Thither “With Their Ploughs, Their Axes and Their Guns.” ER RRS They “Shoald be Strong Enough to Defend Themselves.” Phe Salvation of Mexico Must Come from Anglo-Saxon Energy. Rich Mincs and Fruitful Acres the Rewards of Enterprise. A Land Overfiowing with Milk and Homey. us. ae. ae. Our Vera Cruz Correspondence. Vena Crvz, Dec. 13, 1865. Becaure of the fact that the French steamer will leave Wore to-morrow for Europe a “rumor” has been put in eirculation, by authority of the government, that Juarez has given op the Presidency of the Moxican republic, It is well to wy hore that the story tsa capard, and circu fated for “consumption” in France, and perhaps to amuse Napoleon until another “ equally startling one ” ean de manufactared. Strange as it may seem, it is ne- vertho.ese a fact, that the imperialists manufacture and Gireulote reports of an unfounded character simply to Dolstor up the imperial cause in the minds of pablic men in different European cities Hence, just previous to the evearion of the departure of every French steamer a ca. ward in purposely circulated, and, as it goes “ passen- ger’ on the steawor, it may possibly produce the desired effect abroad. ‘The object of the present canard is to wake people in France believe that Juarez has given the Presidency into other hands, and that his successor has ‘submitted tothe imp®rial government. Your correspond- ent is particular inexposing this fraud, that the people ef the United States may not be deceived with canards mtended (or effect in"Europe, and other ones expected to produce an offect adverse to the interests of the Mexican republican joan now being offered in New York. Facts and Figures About Mexico for “Emigrants.” ‘The cal! Jatety made upon the stardy arme-bearing population of the United States to emigrate to the land of the Aztecs is no new feature in the history of the present balf century. The demand, however, for the “bone and sinew’ required to regenerate that much die- tracted land was never before so publicly proclaimed. ‘The omensible object was previously, as it is now, mere- ly a peaceful emigration to plough and deive the rich oil and auriferous rocks with which the country abounds. ‘The real intention was then to supplant the revolutionary and bickering leaders of the republic, and give it a stable government. The real object is now to rid the country @f » fungus Emperor and ite foreign yoke masters, and to establish its republican government on a firm and enduring basis, There were reasons six years ago for secret organization of the band of military emi- grante which do not now exist. Then a great majority of te American people were averse to the lawless enter- prives of Waikor and his filibustering friends, who were ‘the prime movers of the proposed expedition; now almost every citizen of the United States sympathizes with the Mexican people and feels desirous to aid them im their struggle for self-government. The administra. tion at Washington, too, would then have felt iteetfenilea upen to prevent any armed emigration that nad for its e@bject the overthrow of s government purely Mexican. Now, when the intention is to divest the land of @ usur pation, it is hardly likely that such an interference will ‘Be either popular or proper. For the reasons here stated the filibusters of 1850 ‘wers compelled to organize their proposed expedition in secret, and this doubtless was the principal reason that ‘was never carried Into execution. To raise the spirits of their friends and adherents to the emigrating point they preperod a glowing description of the land of promise, ‘and had it privately'printed in the shape of » small volume of some seventy or eighty pages. None but the @ect were permiticd to possess a copy of this peouliar @olame, The reason for this is obvious; for the book Bot only unveils to the eager eye of the searcher after wealth the store oF riches that lies embedded in Mexican oll, but points out to him the readiest road by which he @an make himself ‘ master of the aituation’’—pointe ont 4o him the way to a succesbful invasion of the El Dorado of Mentral Americe, and tells him how to garner the goiden harvest, which be will find so temptingly strewn tn hiv path. TRE PRIVATELY PRINTED PAMPHLET. Thie remarkable production is entitled “Present state and Destiny of Mexico, by W. M,C.” It bears the im print of “Baltimore, 1869,” but contains neither print n’s nor publisher's name. A copy which has come into our pomersisn hae written on the lower half of the fy Jens in ponell, in the handwriting of the notorious l)- Dostering chief, “With the respects of Wm. Walle: Sachom of the Knights of the Golden Circle.” upper half, on whieh evidently had been in orihed ¢ recipient’e name, is tore off. Taken in connection with the political aspects of \\« Present day, the salyeet matter of this publication Just now of no litte interest, We will, therefore, give rinumé of ite coutents, and lay before hundreds of tho wends the sdvico and suggestions that have heret fore been confided but to a few choice and turbulent #piri«, Before entering thereon, however, let us Btoto thot tm theoretical portion of the work has Teterenve more to a past state of affairs than to the present; but still in thie portion there are several Ahinte that are even now not without value nor incapabic of being of service, Om the other hand, the practic portiom—that which describes the wealth of the country waiting for its development by the vigor and enterpris yor the American mind—is even of greater value to-dey it was balf a dozen years ago; the facts and figures we not alterod by the lapse of these fow years, while period at which they will become subjects of inquiry intending emigrants hae, by the course of time, been ed from the future to the all but present. THR RIGHT WAY TO THR LAND OF PROMISE. When this work was written it wae presumed that ihe euigrant would have to Gontend for s foothold on Mexi- 1 open- (Ai yy H roads, tilling the sal, end inviting foreign commerce to its porta Let them be strong enough to defend themselves, but mot disposed ‘conquest and plunder, bastering: the Mexican pg y anxious: eee et the coterioration ‘of their pation and de- or agri- cone! ‘rould ion ik of gol that no person in) ng aul he concludes re nope of bettering his condition. necessary to show sufficient force to ke the Mexi- xe we, “contends 10 be velop the resources of the soil and mense tracts of land to each for cultarist who would settle in any there singly with jn awe, the mass of whom he fanati 3 hostile to persons from the United Stat 'At the present tite, however, emigration to especially of such pereons a3 are demanded, undertaken under very different auspicee are now, a8 then, invited to go the only government the Americans and wil! not only have thrown over them the of that government, but the very people with wi probably, six years ago, they would have had to cout for @ foothold will now welcome them ge friends, and in- stead of mocting them with the Onger (rigger of « rifle will welcome them with of palowebip and on, table reeept! ben these emigrants have conquering Mexico for the Mexicans they caw settle o the acres they have ea ‘and them introduce w yiekio then gend for ¢! i peeve and the'r families, can order and civilt 33 ace toous harvest. ‘ ONJECT OF THE WORK. ‘Gnder thé that “ » destined to ii new iffo”” into from tlre interest manifested by many pel Spanish America, a fair and impartial statement of > i = would be thither jive them the most cordial and hospi- ‘into ‘WIM bo sure in time ortaxon energy faint relive to NEW YORK AEBRALD, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 26, / 1865. i = Lee, Mexico, on the bt hand in facts relative to Mexico, compiled from reliable sources, was considered necessary to the ends ‘tl enterprise of 1869 had tn view, the United States,” sa, disputable facts, that the soilef Mexico is most ite vegetable productions varied aud abundant; its mines ot gold, silver, iron, lead, copper, zine and other minerale unsurpassed by any in ‘the world; its deposits sulphur and soda inexhaustible; its commercial admirable, its temperatare equable and ite climate gon- Indolence, ignorance, vice amd continual insurrections and revolutions are hel erally delightful and salabrious. he anes of “Public sentiment in the axthor, “sets down, as in- the prolific, of salt, pomtion to the curses of the country. good Mexicans desire a just and stable government that will security to life and property, and a vir- tnous and industrious people, capable of the resources of the nation. With such, it ‘developing ig con- ctuded, the country would become one of the richest and bappicet in the world. It is conceived that it must \ook Wo this desirable end only from an influx within its orders of the enterprise, activity and business tact which ba: ‘at nation great republic, mntending em and the immense resources of Mexico. ‘auis the political and physical fo give placed the United States in the foremost rank in fact, to 4 large immigration from the he Work was demgued to point out to features » the fol- lowing abridgment of a portion of the information it contains, a3 it will be of considerable value at the present ‘ime to all who take an interest in the welfare of our sister republic. POLITICAL DIVISIONS, ETC. Mexico ix composed of twenty-one States, threo Terri- ‘On the Gulf coast are the 1, Chiapas, Tobasco, Vera Crug and the Pacific coast-are the States of and Puebla, and the Territory of Tiascala, tho State of torles and a federal district, States of Yuc ‘Taraaulipas Oajaca, Mexico and the federal district, the States of Michoacan aud Jalisco, and the Territory of Colm the btates of Sinuloa, Souora, Guerrero, and the Territory of Lower Caliornia; and in the interior the States of Queretaro, Guanajuato, Zacatecas, San Luis Potosi, New Leon, Coa- Lniia, Durango and Chihuahua, ‘These States, aceord- ng to position, character and principal productions, are haturaily divided into three classes, whose rival have been frequently a cause for_theagitations interests that dis- turb the peace of the country. The northern comprise the great cattle ranchos, the central the wheat districts, the southern the ¢erras calientes, where sugar, cotter, cotton and other tropical products are indigenous, growing A considerable portion of the surface of the country con- sists of vast elevated plains, four, five or six thousand feet above the level of the we clivities or mountain ranges. bordered by abrupt de- ye two principal moun- tain ranges are parallel to the Pacific and tho Guif of Mexico, and are vole in their origin. Between these. ranges and the coast are extensive fertile, level districts and narrow, sandy strips. fertilo three thousand feet above the level of the territory, Mountains of the United THE PEOPLE. y districts, having an altitude of only two thousand five hundred to sea, are very warm and bave a tropical Juxuriance of vegotation, the one hundred thousand square leugues of Moxican erhaps three-fifths are the elevated plains, which, ‘under the sun of the tropics, possess the genial climate of spring of auturnn in the temperate zone. The Western mountain range forms a portion of the great backbone ridge of the Western hemisphere, connecting With the @Cordilieras of South Ameria and the Rocky ofr The population of Mexico is about eight millions, of which number it is caleniated that there are turee and @ half and four millions of Indians; hhons of oF de aearly, or “perhaps, altogether, a native whites; about twenty or thirty thousand of old Spain and other European countries, and vear a nogroes and mixed million of mulattoes, Zamboes, between two mil- of whites and Indians; million of Creoles, or ives A considerable number of the Indians are known ae Dravor (sav der their white neighbors in the northe poe hav acter. ‘Traimed by the magnificent government old Kraperors, they admire bar oye and 1p. constituting a large body of the Mexican ‘py je, these indians take very little interest in political irs. They ge look back with fond regret to the iness, peaco and rity that their raco enjoyed ute ee lezuma bis predecessors; but their spirit ie crushed by years of ¥: , and they have little hope controlling the destinies of thelr country. are found many of the raost skilful a trious people of Mexico. In fact, they do the larger part of the hard work that is done in ‘the mines, woods or fields, and under a good ment wonld be quiet and produetive citizens, ow wr Od these Indians bave sunk into that serfdom which prevents Penalties, leaving the estates to which they bel and are ignorant, super- estates, and are shrewd, patriotic men, who upder- must come, if i comes frum Avnglo-Sozon enrgy, and arc disposed to sus- large b “ stand that ‘ine salvation of at all, tain Hi,” The Mestizocs geverally purtake of the vices white fathers, and are turbulent, lazy, reve yg pa bg of them ure, however, ee ged ies, and were industry encouraged woul good citi- wont. The Jambors and mixed races are Ignorant, degraded ciletan, oectoranees. niveatunyy ona added in the new popul included in the ean or Mestizoes. or too poor to live without it; hence the larger of them are political aspirants, military blers, keepers of pulquerian (drinking houvea), s — and partake generally these el the charac ernment of their country shou! op a constitutional and national basis, THB CLIMATE, Bro. The climate and temperature of th enfficiently varied to suit every constitution. The of the valleys and lowlande is Fahrenheit, That of the plains varies, ond ite mean average emperature ranges from forty-five to sixty-two degrees, In some districte the grvat heat and moist air canse dense growths of tropical productions, and the es of trees and para- forests are almost impenotrable sitic plants; while in others the aversge tomy so low that even the eeralia will not fou profuse growths of g In some the air is hot and, damp, and pure that meat exposed to tho 1‘) for many days. : general | Che only districts that are considered otherwise « \ of the Gulf coast, part of Yucatan, and part o bordering the Pacific, The rainy season snd during this month, om eighty-one to elghty-three dogzres. The over is prevalent on the Guif const in Inly, vember and October; but it ceases when the but there is no yellow fever, Part of the pian of which is genefally under water for several months dur- ing the rainy season, is also from similar causes un- healthy at those periods, and intermittent fevers often oocur in the deeper and most sbady valleys, but table lands are unknown. The pure air and cloudless seem most congenial to the akiew of these favored physical development of the human race, which rarely afflicted by disease, and often attains wor fongexity. THR RESOTROES OF MEXICO. Bountiful in the extreme are the resources this bean- and thirteen species of land birds of these eleven are 2 ages), and belong to the Apache, Camaoche and other vorthern tribes, who continually rob and maur- mn States, and es+ those who attempt to work the rich mines that ven Atscovered. In the southern States the Mayos and other tribes have maintained a full or partial inde- pendence, but are not predatory or warlike in their char- anmong thea sans and indus- and superstitions than any the inheritors of agents of fore, commercial establishments or mining companies. three years the French that this jousund, 1s Dot The Crecley nre'the neort imfueotil clase of the Mex)- le, though not neer 8¢ numerous as the Indians ay ure very often too proud to work, chi ain gam- ‘Those of them who own estates are the best of their kind, and ly desire that the gov- be speedily established different Bates of Mexico depend mainly upon their altitude, and are thus warm, and its mean average tomperature ig {rom sf&ty-five to righty-four detrrees of , though ses attoat the fertility of the soil. and in others so dry sun’s rays will not foxico is an exceedingly healthy country. the plain begins in June, July and August the heat ranges ugust, Sep. northers be gin to blow, and never makes fis appearence in places which are at an elevation of two thousand five hundred feet above the level of the sea. During the rainy season ‘he Pacifle const, which is warmer than the Guif coast, is unhealthy, and minsmatic diseases are not uncommon, ther of thelr and other portion teristion elimate tire ie re parts yellow on the ie here maderful peo) ‘on corn, but grow Ia potatos” Nowhere known as Terras Calien' plants on oxals Oran; Bil are ras foarish ev as tageously cultivated, Th in icbohean 5, and coffee ‘avating the ptant. the planters for from six! Over a million mn produced in the table family. Mexican States are rich. abound in } ucatan. length—salt more pure the famous mines of ‘lized this nine lakes, tained from the valley of twelve thousand square copper, iead, tin, zine uarisan ous amor atsan Dimas and drawn the enor worth from them, El Parral, Botapilas, Je: Durango, ‘San mos’ ani tosi that of Catorel; in Zitaquaro; in Zacatecas Jerez, Pinos, Nochistlav. those of Real del and silver m: Zacatecas, Durango, Orci in Yucatan, are said enough in his hands to pa’ lions of dollars, This amount cou! could readily be 80. A co impregnated with gold, is te be alread: per, w! cont of ti entirely unworked. ‘the author of the work to the Al strong “the industrious, laboring to baila « who wish to make for ble and secure homes,’ tages must be consi himself and fami ticular locality. TO THE RDITO pled Mani Lo first day of de nent to the collector will call there Now, 1 bave no objection servant’ paying him, if t the past fifteen years paid em] of this company —its ph en there is no claim there ia jaw in the furnish ga® manufactured coal, and gre «0 poor a addition pUFPoR With irrespone!b! Their notice aays thie the great expense and lecting bills out of the dist ig NO More exponse otter man’s place of business in where he never can be fou: warn residences in the dirtrict? on the stock, If they out off my gua f house I will inform you Tam awaiting # notice houve, for the change in f\ tims in this ered to make a statement, Our reporter visited Mr, late afternoon. on these table lands liv wantities ef wheat, rye, barley and nd eon! ruita, a Potatoes often grow of such asize thar are from an eae ‘ 4 guavas and pineapples dant. seantiice of Fico. are grown on the, — n acre of wi fifty mon, while a same of Wreat will Ee with a attention, erywn wes, Mulberry tre do woll, and silk can be advan- he warmer districts, be! wild in: and it 1s. estimated that the: airesdy yield over seven millions of pounds a year, Roicantepee and Sonort produce annuaily 192,500 pounda af indigo, and so cheaply can it be suppli havo immense hords of cattle, horses and sheep. ‘The Gulf of California 1s rich in monster inexhaustible, ia entirely unworked. rom which an unlimited supply of carbonate of soda can be obtained; vast quantities ean also be ob- has been estimated at from caloa A country. North of the vast salt bed in Lower mentioned, is a bed of amalgamated tin and ich is one jundred and thirty miles long. produce eighty per cent of copper Te reine ‘altnont natural gun metal; yet it pay & the office in Irving place, corner of Kast twenty-five; to charge thirty cents when kerosene arn; bat Tam not aware of their right to make me pay my bills xt my house, or to leave money for that le persona, or to keep my wife ‘at home all day to dance attendance on their “collector, ’’ New Yonse, Dee. 24, 1965. - ‘The Brooklyn Tragedy. ‘The two very full reporte published in the Hanato of the extraordinary shooting aMfuir which ocourred in Clin- ton treet, Brooklyn, on last Satarday evening, seem to have laid before the public the principal facte in the case, ‘There are some points that will be explained in the course of 8 few days, when Miss Dayton, one of the vic- nbappy affair, shall have sufficiently recov. comendy Curie, ‘Wath the exception of a few arid spots, phcres Stator ihe to Burope anda ache Sone af esd A yak of ihren oF r, mainly the world ie there greater abundance of vogetable food. ‘The lower plains of Terras Tensplades, and the tracts in profusion al} tropical in extensive plantatiens of tuberosa, disocerea ‘and they inches in circu‘ erence. ‘Huasacu- will insignificant a d amount nq. olive and the vino also melons and toma- ich Huy, vokdt je sugar cane js well adapted extensively grown is cultivated in extensive plan- tation near Orizaba and Cordova, Tobacco grows well ‘™ many places, and some of it 1B said to have a very superior flavor. Indigo, Teh oR and lap, Vanilla and eqrsaparilla woods of Bucatan, Tobasco, For hundreds and ge other dis- n plan- that it is sold b; two cents to a dollar per pound. of cochineal are annually ds of Mixtecapan. On both sides ‘Of the isthmus of Tehauntepec, in Yucatan and in Tobas- 0, are almost inexhaustible stores of mahogany and other valuable cabinet woods, dye woods and gums. The cocoa of Oajaca is of such superior excellence that while the country belonged to Spaia it was reserved for the jut it is not alone in vegetable productions that the Chihnabua and other States Bees pearls. ‘Travellers assert that there is in Puebla sulphur enough to supply the world, ia one solid bed of rock ‘alt, three hundred miles in In Lower California there obtained from the hands of and oppressed so mich, 80 In Zacatecas are that In than Cracow. Creoles mine, Yotan, in Michoacan. In fact in every State of thie vast and fertile country there are valuable mines which have never yet been made to yield their riches as they would in Anglo-Saxon hands. THE MID ‘The mining region of Mexico occupies a district of over leagues. Here are found in porphrytic rocks thousands of mines of gold, silver, iron, ickeilver, arsenic and antimony, not one in one hundred of which is worked efficiently. ‘The gold mies are mostly on the west side of the Sierra Madre, north of twenty-four degrees north latitude, The silver mines are in valleys between the mountains, and are richest in mountains that rise from the tablelands or borderthem. Zambrano, the proprietor of the silver mines mey, in Durango, is said to have unt of thirty millions of dollars’ In Chihuahua are the rich_ mines of su Maria and 8, Eulalia; in d Gavilanes; in San Luis ’Po- Queretaro that known as El Doctor, in Michoacan those of Tialpujahua, Aganzeo and those of Sombrete, Freznillo, In the province of ’Moxico are fonte, Actopan, Zimapan, Temascalte- eo, Sultepec, Tasco, Hictome aiid Tetala det Rio, Many ol es aro known to exist in Oajaca, fexico, Michoacan, Guanajuata, Queretaro, San Luis, idento, Chihualua and Nueva Leon, On the head wuiers of the Candelaria river, to be the richest silver mines in the world, Ope proprietor is stated to have ve a street with dollars. With al) the disadvantages attendémg the scarcity and conse- quently high prices of labor, and the of riation, the annual yield of the precious meials ficulties and cost to twenty-five mil- de indeiinitely in- creased. Copper, in its native state, Is found abundantly in Val- ladolia, Oceidente and Guanajuato, Tron is plentifully found in Zacatecas, Valladolia and Jalisco, ‘The mines of conper, lead, iron and zinc are not generally worked, but id msiderable amount of* copper, sent from Guaymas to China? » process Known onl separated by a cheap in thal and ten ties in quontion, having shown the WHO SHOULD EMIGRATE. natural resources and other incentives to emigration to be found in the Mexican States, conceives that it is left 1o-Saxon race to place Mi ition that she can develop the as beon blessed by w bountiful Providence. The r2- ‘co in such a stable s with which she “must come from dy to protyet property and ‘He further remarks that in this age nobody questions the right of every individual to emigrate to and reside in ‘any country that he or she prefers, and the question of expatnation is determined solely by the superior advan- tagos the individual may hope to attain. jiderable to overcome the love that | Those advan- every one feels for the place of his birth, the scenes of his boyhood or the homo of his maturer years; but the man of sound genge wil! prefer the eulstantial benefit of to sentimental affection for a par. ests or their love of civil and religious liberty require the eacrifice of some local . Collecteng Gas Bills. affectio R OF HERALD. ‘The following printed notice was yesterday received by me, purporting to come from the Manhattan Gax Com- pany, at my up town residence:— | Ovrice ov Tux Ma’ | Nuw Yor, Nov. 1, 1865. Notion ig hereby given 10 the cotsumers’ of gas sup- itan Gas Light Company that from Teas Gas Lacut 5°} December next all gas bills will the gas is consumed, and the for payment. © = to the order of the S. B. HOWARD, Secretary. a to bis calling there, or to the hey choose; but as T have for my own gas bills at my place of business [do not know by what authority the Gas Company clsim the right to impose that daty upon my . Of course fam aware of the mighty power power to add thirty conte Tevenne when the low age " app el ad jaw granting it, although they rebarter; or ite authertt 1 from petroleum ‘ust’ and weak as to compel the lamp to see the gas nge has become necessary by quont losses sustained by col- rit’? ‘This ial bosh, There Sing the collecting of a bill ata 1 this city than at hie bouse, nd during businees hours; and L apprehend the liability to losses is not diminished by @ raid upon privat Hings by an atiuy of collectors, If pompany has ‘sustained frequent losses by collecting it of ite dietrict,"’ what safety is there for aue’s collectors get into the private Tn the meantime the stock keeps up in the hundreds, ava I learn an onslaught is contemplated npon the Legisiatore this winter for per- mission to increave the price of gas—not of the premium jor not paying my bills at my from the railroad companies that by reason of the losses sustained im collecting fares ‘on the cars, the conductors will call ou we ature, Ruse at the Brook!; tal Bis condition at At tat et there is a chance fornia, ts BE Shae ON - ' A Rebel Qxmeral Under Charge of Murder. SEVEN U?,ION SOLDIERS SHOT Their Offenee Deserting from the Rebel ‘amy, which They Had Joined to Keep from Starving. Hugh W. Mercer Tried for Their Marder. hs. he. &o. Our Savannah Correspondence. Savawnam, Ga,, Dec. 21, 1865. ‘The trial by court martial of Brigadier General Hugh ‘W. Mercer for the alleged murder of seven Union sol- dicrs has been goingon here since Saturday last, 16:h inst., and, strange to say, the affair creates comparatively to the lack of evidence, The commission assembled on ‘Saturday 1 the United States Conrt room at the Cystom House, presided over by Licutenant Colonel Edward ily, of the Twelfth Maine Volunteers, with Captain John HL, ‘Watrous, One Hundred and Third United States colored infantry, as Judge Advocate. Theaccused—General Mer- cor—it will be remembered, has been fora considerable time a prisoner at Fort Pulaski, but from his appearance in court there was nothing to indicate that his long con- finement had in any way impaired his health. His man- ner was perfectly cool, and he appeared almost indifferent to the charges preferred against him. He stands accused of having, while acting as Brigadier General in the late Confederate army, caused to be shot seven Union sol- diers contrary to the laws and usages of war, inasmuch ag they wero prisoners of war within the lines of the Confederate army, which alleged murder was committed solely for the purpose of weakening the Union army. Before oing into his defence, the prisoner presented to the court a copy of his parole as a prisoner of war under the articles of convention between Generals Sherman and Johnston, which it apy that he was not to be molested by the iltary authorities of the United States so long as he observed that parole and obeyed the laws which were in force previous to January, 1861. He alleges that he obeyed all the requirements of the parole, and that he was arrested, imprisoned and on trial for mattors alleged to have occurred prior to the date of the le. He submitted these facts solely for the purpose of entering his solemn protest against his arrest, im- prisoument and trial, as in violation of the parole, ‘TERTIMONY OF GENERAL CARIIN, OF ILLINOIS, ‘The first witness for the prosecution was Brevet Major General W. P. Carlin, an officer in the regular army, who testitied to having been in command of the First division Fourteenth army corps, under General Sherman some time in Decomber last his division was in fropt of the defences of Savannah, and, while { tha Dostto a ty of twenty-seven men entered his Ines from the mfederate lines; they were dressed in the Confederate uniform and equipped as soldiers, and stated that they had formerly been prisoners of war in the hands of the Contederate authorities. Objection was of course raised to this by counsel for the accused, Messrs, Julian Hartridge and Thomas E. Loyd—two of the most eminent lawyers at the bar of Georgia—on the ground of it being merely Eenig A which could not, in any court, or before any tribunal, regarded as evidence against an accused party. The oourt, howevor, overruled the objection and allowed the witness to proceed, and counsel for the de- fence then applied, in order to avoid the delay that would be occasioned in making specific objections, that continued, The soldiers who had come to his linee told him that they were in a battalion in the’ service, which was composed almost entirely of United States soldiers, and was called “The Foreign Battalion; they enlisted in the Confederate servico from Confederate some to avoid certain death from starvation and brut treatment, and others to faciMtate their escape to the federal lines; about one hundred prisoners of war, who had entered the Confederate service, formed & plot to escape to the Union army, and before the time arrived for carrying out their arrangement seven of their number were disarmed, placed under a fuard and wore expected to be shot. ‘Witness afterwards learned from other soldiers who had deserted over to his lines that seven of those Union soldiers who were pris- oners of war and had been induced to enlist in the rebel service were shot by order of General Mercer. On cross- examination the witness admitted that he knew nothing of the transaction of his own know! » and that all the testimony he had given was derived from what other parties had told him. The commission are now adjourning from day to day awaiting a telegraphic despatch from Washington as to whether the trial can go on or not, as no evidence can bo pon) for the prosecution as yet. Application for bail was made on behalf of the accused, which was re- fused by the court. A telegraphic despatch from Wash- mgton is hourly expected. ‘THE DELAY IN THR PROCERDINGS. (From the Savannah National Republican Dec. 21,] On account of the inability of government to procure the proper witnesses necessary for the prosecution, this important trinl bas again been del ‘The court as- sembled yesterday morning at teu o'clock, when the Judge Advocate announoed that an adjournment would take place until Thursday foretioon at. the same hour, and ifthe expected despatches are received in the pression) the court will then proceed with the trial of the accused; if not, that geome other case wili bo taken It is quite probable that the trial of the murderers of Mr. Cordes will be commenced forthwith, providing the re- quicite information is not received to warrant the con- tinuance of the Mercer case. General Brannan had telegraphs to ascertain whether the Commission bad heard from Washbivogion in the con. nection just mentioned, and was answered that it bad not. Wo are sorry to learn that the written cation which was made on Thursday to Colonel Kimbaul, com- mending, bis wuilitary district, by the members — ity, soll jeneral Mereer. Hugh W. Morcer, the accused in this important case, is an old reguiar army officer, and his ancestors were in our army from its first existence. His grandfather, Hugh Mercer, a Scotchman, who was engaged at the fa- mous battle of Culloden, emigrated to Virginia in 1760, and was appointed a brigadier of the Colonial army on the 5th of June, 1776. He was mortally wounded on the 2d of January, 1777, in the “foggy” affair which has regular army surgeoo Mercer, the presont head of the famil; Fredericksburg, Va. He entored West from Virginia ih 1824, and graduated third in a class which has furnished bat one other distinguished mem- bor to the world. That other graduated No. 23, and was named Jefferson Davis! Hugh W, Mercer did not remain many yeara in the army—only long enough to be promoted @ first lieuten- ant of artillery. While stationed ag such, in 1895, at Savannah, he mar- tied a wealthy lady living (hero and resigned his com- mission, He took to banking, if we remembor rightly, and was either cashier or president of tho Planters’ Kk of Georgia from L841 up to a lato;date, Whea the rebeilion broke out, he was elected colonel of the First Georgia volunteer regiment, and subseq ly received his commission as brigadier general in the Confederate service. He commanded Savannah for a short time, aud was transferred to General John- ston's army, and fought through all the battles from Dalton to Atlanta, im one of which wounded. ‘Ou his reauea. 10) Georgia. he ‘verved ik the woun ja return served in une the srnouaon ou of the ‘ct until the ci the Confeder army iato until the army left the Stato, and He had committed the “ss panaounele offence gas higher than Jeff. Davie, and it was not in the eurt of Jeff. to forget or Ted gah wry Before the war humane and upright man—one whose very it would seem, must wea ee him to shrink from bare contemplation of @ heinous crime as he now stands charged with. 0 imto which they to be made; the the val Jedged, and on collected, Carlyle bases his action op the soy- enth of an act to ide for in revenue, at the eighth Congress, which reads as 8 :- ard, or any specided quanily or parcel of goods, ware yard, or any juantity or parce! a it shall be the duty of the collec- imported or entered to cause the actual market value or wholesale thereof at the period of the exportation to the nited States in the jpal markets of the country from which ie ae shall bave 7 gah nee United ‘ 8 appraised, and such appraised jue shall be considered the value oh which duty shall bo as- sessed.” It is @ mistake to suppose that Mr. Carlyle has given any instructions in the matter. He has no power to = any. The American Consuls receive their jnstrac- not from an agent whose position is far inferior to theirs. the passing of the law of which the inte: w it mention, Ff 3 mi A difficulty seems to haye ut the matter, and the new law places it on a r- footing. It does not interfere with the bonding sys+ Sia, se-pome of Our coheetnoranis, Se to See Canadians can import goods in bond through the United States—that is, they can bring European or other goods through that country without the payment SEF of duty. But our own laws are so framed that for te ree <eBtatee with o yi in bond in 16 without ing pone their American value. But doce duty here upon not follow that the American duty is exacted or forms any part of the value, They cannot be entered on the European invoice, but must be entered on that of the American seller. This lation came into force in virtue of the tariff of 1859, and it has done much to diminish the purchase of European goods by Upper Canada merchants at New York. The statute of Con- passed last session evidently does not warrant the retation which Mr. Cgrlyle is said to havefput pen statute clearly ts that foreign goods shall ed with duty on their value in the country from which tl 7 were imported into the States. What ia that value? Plainly what they cost the American merchant, If he buys m Montreal goods that have paid the Canadian duty, that duty forms part of their value. If he buys t bond, on which no duty has been paid, and they leave the country heat Some it guy, Burs ees ed CA (CAs, wi tf nt a8 DO that value was represented by ang bamdian duty, the troated in the States as if they pad paid that duty. To do 20 would clearly be 10 act Contrary to the law of Con- gress applicable to the caso. The matter is so plain that ‘we cannot conceive it possible for the American govern- mem, in faith, to take any other view of it. For- tunately Mr. Carlyle’s suggestion does not amount toa ‘Treasury regulation, and, though he has probably tried to induce the Department to act upon it, we cannot sup- pose that his advice will be taken. fir at. be As we are on the subject of our trade relations with the States, the present aspect of the reciprocity question seems to require a passing notice. A recent telo; from Washington to the associated press stated that if the propositions of the Canadian negotiatiators were not accepted, reciprocal legislation would be proposed. Other accounts say that this alternative proposition had already come under discussion, and that it.was upon it that the difference betweon Mr. Brown and his colleagues: arose, If this be true the chance of obtaining a renewal of the treaty must be small; and it is difficult to say to what extent matual legislation, as suggested by the Sec- retary of the United States Treasury in his report to Con- could be made a substitute for it, Mr. Brown, it back his resignation on jee 6x. of to justify his resig: practicable after thia? time, as pliable a a8 co “Another Railroad Accident—One Man Kfiled and One Wounded.” TO THE RDITOR OF THE HERALD. ‘Your paper of Wednesday, 20th instant, contains the following intelligence from the Cincinnati @az-tt?, which is very incorrect :— (From the Cincinnati Sapte. an 18.) was aboard of the train, was one of the victims of that unfortunate affair, and am still confined te my room by tho severe injuries I received. The train was not the Pittsburg express, but the Cincinnati express (a new train), advertised to run from Cincinnati to New York, via New York Central, without change of cars. We started from Cincinnati at esven o'clock in the evening, pe a gee eight goin Ly! accident oo- curr & broken ax! rowing two passenger coaches from the track (as Lam informed, being knocked senseless), one on each side of the track. The gentleman who was killed did not stand upon the form, but was pony des his seat in the forward when the acci- dent cs aa |, he being thrown head first through a side window. Another gentleman was seriously injured, whose life was despaired of. Another had his shoulder dislocated und his side bruised. Another bad his ribs gone Poets pee = Si Swcive ar Pasetngors, fucinding two lattes, the conductor and my- self, who were inore or less ee by cuts and bruieee, At the time of the concussion I was standing in the aisle ‘at the rear end of (he coach, which weat down an em- bankment, pitching mo upon my head and face, cutting agash in my head two inches: long, which bled pro- fusely; also a severe cut under my right eye, severing an ‘which bled terribly. Besides my right side was badly wrenched and my legs severely cut aud bruised. Iwas picked up insensible and placed in a Pittsbu an coach, es to consciousnees by medi am i ing there in the mn I was com the Tallroad man to the N ‘Howe, ; im Thaloe, ine roanly proprietor, conr- b ‘sSominoaltnn and the proirement othe 7, and i to fot lene, ware ervivci- on Sanaay erie My object 1m giving these facts in simply 10 oorrecs the mirrepresentations the Cincinnati Gastte, which have been #0 extousively circulated through medium. au our valuable MEYERS, ym the North- ONE PERSON KILLED AND SEVERAL INJURED. On Wed , the 20th inst., between four and five o’clock in the afternoon, while heavy snow storm was going on, three trains running on the Northwestern Rail- way, near Ridgefield, a distance of forty five miles from Chicago, in the same dirertion, ran into each other, The firet of these was a heavy freight train, the second train consisted of an engine, tonder and pay car, and the third was the regular passenger train. A tid arriving at Ridgofield the engine of fr out of water, and was compelled e engineer of the freight train we the nal to stop (a rod light on the to the pay train, which was stopped. The second’ train’ also gave the sig nal to the mnger train, but for ome reason or other, probably on account of the severe storm which filled the air with clouds of snow, the rear engineer did not observe the signal. The result wor thet the hindermost train ran into the middle train, and both into the first train, the Ry being considerably staashed in the collision, fireman of the middle train, named Irving Neilis, was immediately killed by the collision, ‘The brother of the same man, named Norman Nellis, who was the ineer of the pay tram, had bie eo Several rs were more or Jess it not very seriously, except the fireman of the rood train, who was 80 dangerously hurt that he to be left at Woodstock, Notwithstanding the vio- lent collision of the three trains, uot one car was thrown off the track, and, except the pay car, none of them were injured to any considerabie extent. SHIPPING NEWS. rear cnt) accordingly (VED, “Shea venga rg Sra, mdse and psesen. Ph iy tus tens Ree A he he 9 "Fork Joon Grifin, Chase ra. wits ‘qian B Ward & Cor Balled in Company with Orig Prince AEEE ag wn ri ton (Port), Oliver, Brig Jose wo 4 Brun ‘ac, never & Bru Rambati, Wilmington NO, 6 days, with 2 , Homes, Wilmington, NO, 8 days, with naval, stores, to master. ‘ rig Concord (of Bath), Ererot, Wiimingion, NO, 7 days be eR og 8 days, witly ‘wyer, ; “Enea ebiae ts ret Ann, : days, with logwood, £c, oA Stalihers & Co. Had heavy, northwest winds on the coast; sprang fore gaft. Left ng LY Ross, Poland, Wilmington, NO, 6 day, with’ nasal moreh toast ag aa Samuel G Mill, y Schr J W Jobson, Garrison, Norfold, Schr Owen Bearsé, Philadelphia for Boston, Schr Romeo, ——, Nor ¥ Sehr E Flower, Chase, Eastport for Middletown. Behr Mosca Vauaamey —, with aysterg, to Rickman, Schr Henry Cule, ——, with oysters. to E Ruckman. ‘Uth—Sohr Harriet Brewster, Hawkins, po 10 days, with Cumberland coal, to the dusaboriana Goel ast: Tron Ga," Reports heavy weather and the bursting of » jib. Wind at sunset SW. Ww hates ne mea. from rei r at port passiny th ow a bigs Light Bh Tmornhig of a: Suw a sunken wreck 344 miles South of the light with sails two-thirds out of water, Judged her. to bé a sohr, a the topsails were too near together fora steamship as was, Ft Harrie M bef ' wae Talued at AOU. Tuaured a0 the"Selumblaw and Wash!’ ‘offices, New York, x i ington’ ‘ork, for $86,000. Bans Jusn. mm for Wilmington, NC, ie 30- @ from Baltimore for Oba re=i riod Abandoned aad efverwards fall Inet fb a r, Capt Ci r, it @ crew on i | D, NC, on the fiat ina. ‘The i sou tne he bad arrived at, W about 44 inst, Bug Nuvire Mowe, 197 tons burden, built at Bastport, Ma, in 1809, rating A2, nad.formeniy owned In nl rehased by Messrs Gi Morris of pie, for ), and is to be commanded by Samuel hiladelphia, Scnr Buena Vista—For ap account of the loss of above, Vensel, see news coluinns, Scour Mary A—Steamship Monobansett, which arrived at New Bedford on 28d inst, discovered a vessel at anchor, 1 distress, off Long Shoal, néar Orons ip; went to her ance, found her to, be the schr Mary A. of Baltimore Bostbn, bound to Richmo . pried, 4m tow and carr jer into Edgartown aa before re} 6 encoul the severe gale of Thui ‘and cut away foremast and iainmast toavold going on the shoal. if Scuz Wx G Bowen, Jachson, from New York, of and for Providence, with a cargo of timber, bay 40, sprung aleak on, tho 23d inst, and was run ashore at 8 PM same day, in Dutch Island harbor, with four feet of water in her hold,” The U & revenue cutter Miami, Capt Tompking, went to her assist ance on Saturday morning, pumped her cut and at high weter hauled her off, when she was taken in tow and brought up to Warwick Neck and from thence she was towed to Providence. Sour Ockax Binp, of Providence, Al}, 189 tom, built at Patchouge, LI, in 186, now at this’ port has been sold to Capt Ahira Kelley, and parties in Dennls and Boston, for. $7500, cash. Sie wil) bereafter hail from Dennis, under commend of Cant Kelley. Sowa Forruxa THoursox, of Rockland, Me, before report. ed missing, was a superior vessel, one year Her captain Was Goorge Holmes, and his brother was mate. names nnknown, Sou S111,0H still remains as previously reported ‘¢ win SMILOH 8 ains as pi report ore ming of, 1 Batoman’s Beach, near Brentoy’s Ri charge most of her cargo of cgal before J Sour RH Davy, Sanders, from New York for hia, ut into Newport ‘22d inst, in distress, with Loss of jib, jibe mm spr and other damage, ing been driven off in: tthe lato Scum Geoncr J Jones, of Dennis, Crowell dence, in ballast, while at anchor on Je flats, was run into by a steam tug a few days since an bowsprit, sibdoam, éutwater and head gear carried asay, sprung fore- mast aud was otherwise damaged, the repair of which will amount to about $1000. Sour Cuances E Rayon, Higgins, from Philadelphia, of and for Boston, with 400 tons coal, before reported ashore qm the west side of Beaver Tail, is badly bilged, and there tr not mueb chance of saving her. She is full of ‘water, ind noth." ing has been got out of her yet. She is not {nenred. Sonn Repwine, Randall, from Boston, for Jacksonville, Fla, was totally wrecked Sept 29 on Cape Carnaveral, Fla, as betore reported. ‘The captain, his wife and crew, except man, succeeded in getting on’ the dy and Lived under w boat for eleven days without food, sustaining fe by feeding on land crabs, &e. At the end of that tim were dis~ covered by a than (the only /ahabitant of the island), whal cared for them during two months, when they fed fn! leaving the iland, and reached St Augustine In safety. is also reported that an unknown bark went nal same island Oct 26, and went to pleces, and hands perished. A sugar laden brig aleo came ashore at the sama; Hine and went to pleoes, craw were lost. The sch: Harry B Tyler, of Philadelphia, also came ashore Oct 28, jeces, The captain was drowned, but the crew were Notice to Mariners. Capt Waidon, of steamer Thetis, reports that the Stratford Point Light Vessel io Long Island Sound, was driven from ‘her moorings during the fr of the 2ist inst, and now lies 10 miles to the castward of her station, ZA from Provi- ‘went to pi saved, Foreign Porte. ulttas SP pets ce ata ee HL" wing repal ry i Teri He Tone Bh eae doer, tree loux, NB, Deo schr Melek Hastings, Brannou, WYork, or . C 9m Feiaay might, the Toth, the ng exvrees, which American Macbes Hom the track near South Lebanon. One pomenger car was | BOSTON, Dec 28—Arr steamer Saxon, Matthews Phfln~ thrown over on its side and conaideradl hed up, My, | deiphia; sohe Albion, Speniding, Neork. tid. Siece AG Beta, Ot Corwin, wae eubeing Cy Ried Croiwell, Philadelphia? Mary’ Sanford, ¥ snot to be ae wa weg chy | Mork; ship Milton Bry Bombage Unig Candace sleet. ‘would not have been i as all others damage | Forge 804 8 mart: Care Pa Oe a fol Choeptthe conductor, We: Chasien: Bruiey, who was sone: Peasant Svergede, Urana, St Tenet aa i wi ised. Thecause of the mishap was elther a broken Leg roy Ne gy | ~ vail or the breaking of an axletree. ‘There were both broken | Francisco: brigs Haltic, Hooper, and Glendale, Munroe, Gal~ T desire to give youa brief statement of the facts. I | and fichmon’ . it, Mth—Arr steamers St Louis, Cl NOrleans; Wm ‘Tibbetts, ¥, Savannah; ca eae nth rieans; Dalley, Cardenss) Mari ives 40, Alexandria; & © Simi James Martin, Myrick; Pathway, Green; N ken; A Townsend, ; An Nickerson; Wm H’ Dennis, Lake; (ter, and Pocahontus, TY. Kate Prinee, trom Calcutta (at anchor of somewhat frost bitten); bark Elm, from Het, from Calbarten Sid Saturday, steamer Wm Kennedy, vies B. BaLtMonts, Doo 2%—Below bark Nelle Fenwick; from CHARLESTON, Dec 20—A we NYork: via Norfolk, bound to Motlle {aad propeedod tia? conliug), Below schr RW Godfrey. orks alao a schr unknown. In the offing bark (i "i Sid schrs Pilov's Br jlateh | More pom 3c Suicknes, Mayhews, a Northern ‘port; GALVESTON, 4 S—Are wi wintamen; Beh Deine Colesian. NOrleanst sob Gharhe TOBILE, Deo IS-Ar steamer Gult Mount, X York. Cit ship J Mayall (Br), Orkney. for Bi brig Fotny Fouiker waa N¥ors ee " Ibiharr auig Garin (Swed), Meters x pers om a 5, , Munson, Glace Bay. ud asne Jouee Beaithe Nichole —— (ser j, Dec 21—, scle ene lesson, aud Wepranes Mobbine, do. EXCELLENT IN GOUT, RHRUMATIOM, LUMBAGO, ORIOK OR PAIN OF THE BAGK, SORE THROAT, MOTH OF THE SKIN. SOLD, BY DRUGGIBTS, Bearonenes PILLS a INCREASE THE AVERAGE OF LiFe ONE-THIRD iN THOSE WHO’ USB THEM WHEN SICK. ESTABLISHED 14 YEARS, OFFIOR, BRANDRETH MOUSE. Observe B, BRANDRETI fa white letters in the governs stump. ear ot fe pis I IVORCES. ~PRIV A’ Se OPE OF. | subject ag to this ani enh (G, Counsellor at Law, $86 Broadway. ' “a PURE, UNADULTERATED WINES, BRANDY, 40., P out ihe iy iy ruber, at the Bhaer che St, Nobles He Ms ar bn Aw»: yen Lb iG OF RESPECTABL) A’ BONG cate once and ovate * Merchants’ Agency, 110 Nantat nt” Ty NE SEAMSTRESS, Sheng hare a ‘