The New York Herald Newspaper, August 31, 1865, Page 5

=—_— AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. WINTER GARDEN, Broadway.—Banyun's Museum Company. Jocko, vite Bragutay Are. Nicowo Famivy, Spon Day and Evening. NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.~Monzr anp Miseer¥—Swiss Swains—Ronpens or Scio. NIBLO'’S GARDEN, Broadway.—Armau x4 Pogug; on, ax Wicciow Weppina. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway.—Hamurr, BOWERY TNEATRE, Bowory.—Isie ov Sr. Taorrs— Unrunsusp Gawtieman—Jersey Gini. TRVING HALL, Irving place.—Anteuus Warp Amon van Moguons. WOOD'S MINSTREL HALL, 51¢ Broadway.—Ermorian Songs, Daxces, &¢.—Tavent Arpagciarkp—Tue Gost. SAN FRANCISCO MINSTRELS, 585 Broadway, opposite Metropolitan Hotel—Ermrorian Sincinc, DaNcinc, &0.— Angas Na Pogus. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, 201 Bowery.—Sina- = Dancing, Buauesques, &c.—Eu Nixo Eppis—Baunry, AMERICAN THEATRE. No. 444 Broadway.—Ermorian Mucraxiax—| y Buriesgues, &c.—Tus Coorans; on, Maaio Fivre. BLITZ NEW HALL, 720 Broadway.—Patace or Iuiv- sion—Lxannap Caxany’ Binvs—VanrriLoauism, &0. NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— Open from 3 1A. M. till 10 P.M. Bew York, Thursday, August 31, 1865. ——————————— NEWSPAPER CIRCULATION. Reeoipts of Sales of the New York Daily Newspapers, OFFICIAL. . Year Ending May 1, 1865. -$1,095,000 368,150 252,000 169,427 100,000 151,079 90,548, New Yore Henato. $1,095,000 ‘Times, Tribune, World and Sun combined.. 871,229 NOTICE TO THE PUBLIC. ‘Our cry subscribers will confor .a favor by reporting any of our city carriors who overcharge for the Hxranp Country subscribers to the New Youre Heraxp are re- quested to remit their subscriptions, whenover practi- cablo, by Post Office Orders, It is the safest mode of transmitting money by mail. Advertisements should be gent to the office before nine o'clook in the evening. ‘ TRIAL OF WIRZ. At the opening of proceedings in the Wirz court mar- Wal yesterday the fact was elicited, in response to in- Quiries, that the prisoner was handcuffed at tho instance of his owh counsel, who had oxpressed apprehensions ‘that, owing to his distracted state of mind, he might ommit suicide. Wirz, it appears, threatened his legal efenders that if thoy deserted him he would never again come into court. Several additional witnesses ‘wore examined yesterday, including both national soldiers and men who had been in the rebel service, their various narratives forming a chapter of the most horrible rovolations. Alexander W. Persons, who ‘wasa lioutonant colgnel in the rebel army and at one jime post commander at Andersonville, testified to the ‘and filthy condition of the prison pon and his | ¢ ‘sand dollars in gold from Messrs, Greenleaf, Norris & Co., Jed to have tho nuisance abated, which he was finally led to abandon, in accordance with orders from | I Cobb, The utmost capacity of the prison, he sald, was for ten thousand mon, whereas at times over thirty thousand were packed together within it. The ‘effects of this inhuman crowding, added to the other ernelties and the starvation from insuficient and rotten food, wore testified to by the other witnesses. Vast Gumbers became the lingering prey of foul iveasos, and from some all the light of in- felloct faded, leaving thom hopeless Idiots. It appeared from tho evidence that the starva- tion of the prisonees was not caused by a deficiency In the commissary department of the prison, as the store- houses there were shown to be well filled. Numerous instances were adduced of personal brutality and cruelty of the most atrocious character on the part of Wirz towards the captives in bis charge. The court will not ‘be in Session to-day, but will meet again to-morrow. ‘Wirz has issued an appeal to bis friends for contribu- tions of money to aid him in conducting his defence. EUROPE. ‘Tho steamship Africa, which arrived at Halifax yes- ferday, brought two days later news from Europe. Rospecting the prospocts of the cable opinions vary. Onptain Anderson, of the Great Eastern, who is, perhaps, ‘ho most roliable authority, considers that ten months will bo required to provide tho nocessary gear for grappling the cable and to repair the Groat Eastern, He recommonds that a new cable be constructed and laid before any attempt is made to rocover the submerged portion of the old cable. On tho other hand, nowspaper ‘eritics believe that the attempt to pick up the wire wil be ronewed in October, after the equinoctial gales have Tho cholora had travelled as far 1s Marseilles, and fears oro entertained of its spreading into England. Tho Suoz Canal, the scheme which British engineers have so long pronounced impracticable, was opened for traffic on the 17th inst., and a vossel laden with coal passed from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean. United States five-twenty bonds had advanced in the London money market. They were quoted on the 19th at 68.0. 08}¢. British consols were quoted at 89% a 89%. THE NEWS. Tntorosting Wost India news was brought to us by the toamship Columbia, which arrived here yesterday, from ‘Havana on tho 26th inst. The republic of St. Domingo, ‘even bofore it has got rid of ite Spanish invaders, has again become involved in domestic difficulties. The capl- tal and other principal towns have declared against Gene- ral Pimontal, who since January last has assumed to bo ‘et the head of governmental affuirs, and General Cabral has boon chosen Protector of the republic. It is charged that Pimental has been acting in complete defiance of Jew and consulting only his own will. Cabral has accepted the offco imposed on him, formed a gov- @rnment, placed himself at the head of a body of troops to put down his opponents, issued a proclama- tion, and written a conciliatory letter to Pimental, in which tho latter is adjured to sacrifice his ambitious pro- fects and submit to the will of the people. Nothing Jator is furnished by this arrival regarding the movo- gents or intentions of the Spaniards in St. Domingo. Advices rogarding tho progress of the rebellion in the fepublic of Hayti are to the 224 instant, and are do- eidedly favorable to the revolutionists, who had taken Fort 8t. Michael, opposite the town of Cape Haytien, thas compelling a cessation of the bombardment of the latter and the evacuation of Petite Anao by the forces of Prosidont Goffrard, Atrocities by the rebels in Capo Haytion aro reported, and it is said that white persons ‘wore threatened with death if they appeared on the atroeta. ‘Tho Cubans have lately received fresh shocks of Ameri- @an enterprise and olectricity. Potroleum having been discovered in the island, a company to proceed with Boring operations has been formed in Havana, and an as. goclation to lay a submarine cable from the town of Porto MRioo to this country has also been organized. The ox- rebel ram Stonewall and tho ex-robel General Kirby ‘Smith still remain in Cubs—the former at Havana, and the latter on the plantation of a friend near Matanzas. It ts concluded that General Dulce, the Captain General, ‘Will not be superseded for at loast some time yet. | ‘The Democratic State Convention of New Jersey mot Se Tevnien resterder, A 199 larcely atiended, sden- eral Rapydn, after three thllot, was made the mous choie> for Governor, Tho resolutions adopted charge that the war was the result of Northern fanati- cism, favor State rights, oppose negro suffrage and tary arrests and trials, pronounce the national onerous and improperly managed, and express dence in President Johnson m the matter of reconstruc- tion. The people of Richmond, Virginia, on Tuesday of this week held their so-called Union meeting, for which they had been for some time previous making extensive pre- Parations. The national flag floated over the rostrum, and the cars of the reformed rebels present wero greeted with the strains of “Yankee Doodie’ and The Star Spangled Banner," so long ignored by them. Our corre- spondent states that all the speakers were men who six months ago were prominent supporters of the Jeff. Davis confederacy. The resolutions sdopted express indigna- tion at the suspicions on the part of Northern people and jou that the recanting secessionists are not sincere in taking the oath of allegiance, pronounce such imputa- tions utterly groundless and false; profess the warmest attachment to the national government and acquiescence in the results of the war, including the abolition of slavery ; pledge confidence in and the greatest respect for Prosi- dent Johnson and Governor Pierpoint, and recommend that similar meetings be held throughout the State. The State of Mississippi has taken the lead of her Southern sisters in reconstruction matters, The con- vention recently adjourned appointed the 24 of October next for the election of members of Congress and the Legislature and State and county officers. It appears that bands of rebel guerillas, bandits and thieves still manage to keop up some sort of organiza- tion in Mississippi. Our Vicksburg correspondent re- ports the capture recently of the steamer Keoto by a party of these outlaws, who robbed the officers and crew, and did not leave till they secured everything portable on board which they desired. Other outrages as well as murdors by them.are recorded. In order to puta stop to such lawlessness in the State, Provisional Gov- ernor Sharkey has, by proclamation, called for the forma- tion in each county of at least one company of volun- teer cavalry and one company of infantry. Cotton steal- ing by vagrant negroes is said to be very prevalent just now in Vicksburg. Mississippi, as well ag the other Southern States, puts in her claim to the consideration of Yankees designing to settle in Dixie, and proprietors of plantations are offering great bargains to those desir- ous of experimenting in the cultivation of cotton with free labor. The Postmastor General yesterday signed the contract between our government and the United States and Brazil Mail Steamship Company for the monthly transportation of the mails between Now York and Rio Janotro, ata compensation of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars per'annum. The Brazilian government also grants to the company an annual subsidy of the same‘amount, ‘The Post Office Department has likewise concluded a contract, to go into effect to-morrow, for carrying the mails between Cairo and New Orloans, trips to be mili- debt confi- made every alternate day. The contract is for four years, and the annual compensation to the steamboat company having charge of the transportation is to be twenty seven thousand three hundred dollars. We print this morning a complete list of the railroad accidents attended by loss of life or injury to person that have occurred in tho United States since the commenco- ment of the year. In not quite eight months there have been one hundred and twenty-eight casualties, by which two hundred and sixty-six persons have been killed and eleven hundred and nine wounded, This is only the num- ber of killed and wounded recorded at the time of the accident or who died very shortly after. Of course many of the wounded were but slightly injured; but how many died after weeks or months of suffering from wounds received we shall probably never know, The Coroner's inquisition regarding the Long Island Railroad collision of Monday last was continued yester- day, Several witnesses were on the stand, including Mr. Olivor Charlick, President of the company, and some of the employes of the road, On the conclusion of tho proceedings the investigation was adjourned till Friday forenoon. Another of the trains on the Long Island road was an hour and three-quarters behind time on leaving Jamaica last evening; but it appoars that luckily no accident re- sulted from the delay, A collision occurred on Tuesday night, near Philadel- phia, between the through express train from this city for Washington and a coal train, by which threo or four cars were considerably smashed and several porsons received injuries, but none, it is said, of a serious ehar- acter. The case of Peter R. Mumford, some days ago com- mitted on charge of fraudulently obtaining twenty thou- brokers, of Exchange place, was disposed of yestorday in the Tombs Police Court, before Justice Dowling. At the opening of the proceedings counsel for the plaintiffs admitted tho fact that on the day the checks had been drawn on the Mechanics’ Bank"large sums had been de- posited to mect them. He said there was no further evidence to adduce, and that therefore the prosecution was abandoned. After some testimony showing the manner in which the affairs of the Mechanics’ Bank were managod the Justice dismissed the case and the prisoner was discharged. i In the application of counsel to admit James F, Oram, charged with the murder of Joseph Van Doren, in Beaver stroet, to bail, argument was heard yesterday in the Supreme Court, Chambers, before Judge Sutherland. The motion was opposed by the District Attorney, and the Court reserved deciaion till Saturday next. Martha Brady applied yesterday, before Judgo Suther- land, of the Supreme Court, in chambors, for an order to restore to her the control and guardianship of her daugh- ter, Teresa, five years old, which, while it was very young, she willingly and freely surrendered to the caro of a gentleman and wifo in whose fainily she was for a timea servant. Hero the little girl has remained till the present time, treated as a child of the family, there beng two others, the children of Teresa's protectors. The mother declared she did not want to keop the child hor- self, but to send it to the Asylum, where it might be brought up in her own faith. But it was shown that Teresa was being brought up in that faith, and as the courts are bound to look to the temporal, and not spiri- tual, welfare of minors the application was refused. The coroner's inquest in the case of Catharine Cleves, who was burned to death in the‘fire at the pyrotechnic establishment No. 16’ John street, on last Friday, was resumed yesterday. Among those testifying wore Fire Marshal Baker and some of the persons employed in the building at tho time of the conflagration. The investi- gation wag further adjourned till next Monday forenoon. The Board of Fire Commissioners held thoir regular tri-weekly session yesterday afternoon. Mr. Booth’s resignation, being referred by the Governor to the Board, ‘was accepted, the vacancy to be filled by them at once. A special Commissioner was instructed to prepare the house of Engino Company No. 6, lately disbanded, for the use of accompany to be organized on the new plan, and measures were taken for the disposal of the appurten- ances of the disbanded companies and of other property. Several employes are to be dismissed on the 1st Soptem- ber, and changes aro to be made in the Chief's dopart- ment. $ The new and magnificent steamship Now York, be- longing to the Atlantic Mail Steamship Company, will sail at noon to-morrow for California, from pler No. 43 North river, foot of Canal street, connecting at Panama with the steamship Sacramento, A desperate fight took place in one of tho William street lager beer saloons on Tuesday night, during which two men recelved severe injuries bY boing struck on the head with slung shote. Two of tho alleged assailants, named Henry Breeny and Charles Hober, were arrested. The Catholic Archbishop of St, Louis, in a pastoral letter to his clergy, objects decidedly to the test oath which the new constitution of Missouri requires them to subscribe to, and instructs them to immediately inform him if any efforts are made to enforce it. A fire in New Haven, Connecticut, yesterday, destroyed a portion of the Lindsey Firearms Company's establish. ment and an adjoining pianoforte manufactory, entatling a total loss estimated at nearly sixty thousand dollars. Two warehouses in St. Louis, containing ten thousand bales of hemp, were destroyed by fire on Tuesday night. ‘The Joss ts estimated at three hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars. A Chicago despatch states that a plot to liberate the criminals confined in the Illinois State Prison, at Joliet, has been discovered and frustrated. Tho stock market was extremely dull, but steady, yesterday, Gold closed at 144)4. Businesg places were poo, syn quiet yesterday than on Tucsday, and the it of transactions was not nearly so large. Foreign was quiot ase eneral thing, but firm, while domestic produce was jower, Cottoh was dopressed and lower. Groceries ‘vere . Potroleum was heavy for orude and firm Fe foo. On ‘Change flour, wheat, corn, oate and provisions wero lower Whinker was Grmet, porting President Johuson. The restoration of the Southern States is the most important question before the country. We have shown with what enthusiastic readi- ness the people will support the government when called upon, how we can wage war, and how immense our resources are, The grand necessity now is to show that after all these efforts the country is able to assume again and at once its former character and position asanation. It must show this by the demon- stration of its ability to restore order and to establish a healthy political life in the very communities so lately arrayed against it. It must show by the reconstruction of the Southern States that it carried on the war honestly in the interests of the people and to maintain freedom; and not, as our enemies declared, to subjugate the South and set up a military despotism over her. And the only real, feasible or possible plan to do this is the plan inaugurated and thus far carried out by President Johnson—the establishment of a provisional government and the immediate resort to the voice of the people as expreased by the ballot. Yet there is before the people a faction kept together solely by the purpose to oppose that policy, to postpone settlement, to retard and delay by all possible means, fair or foul, the reconstruction of the country and tho return of the elements of national life to their proper channels of peace and progress. It is a rule or ruin party, and more utterly without conscience than any seen in the world since the Jacobins, in their horrible political do- bauch, were drunk with the blood of France. It- does not care over what ruin it must trample so that it goes to success. We have a debt of three thousand milltons or more—it is impossible to say exactly what—and we are increasing itevery day. We have -still a very large army on foot, and a steady depreciation of the currency going on. Moreover we do not know what rottenness the financial surface covers. No one can tell where is the end of what began in the house of Ketchum & Son, or ! what general revulsion may be the result. Developments like it wore made in Europe throughout the twelve or fifteen years that followed the great wars against Napo- leon. All those circumstances call upon us with the most imperative force to recon- struct and settle the society of the whole coun- try once more on a permanent peace basis. One more consideration requires that we should set our house in order perhaps more than any of these. ' It is that of our foreign re- lations, We have outstanding questions with England and France that we will soon have to settle peremptorily or relinquish all claim to national honor and dignity; and we mast have a pacified and reconstructed country behind us to go into those matters with the proper power. Yet with all these calls, these obvious neces- sities for the settlement of the country before us, our American Jacobins dare to raise their voices in opposition to reconstruction and peace—to oppose every good plan for the sot- tlement of the country—to endeavor to main- tain the chaos that exists, and to push anarchy to such a point that a war of races must inevi- tably ensue. Their whole idea is to carry out their factious and horrible hate against the South, and to keep down all expression of the Southern people by a military occupation that must run into despotism. How can we pay the debt we already have? How can the coun- try stand the continuance of tho disorganized condition of Southern society and Southern labor? Can we afford to keep up an army and carry on a social war, to ruin the country, for the gratification of these political thugs? Tho country is in danger from these men, and they must be put down by the people. It isa sim- ple issue. The government favors the acts of reconstruction that are necessary, and the radi- cals oppose it on all such points. The people must rally in support of the government and the country against these enemies as they did against those that threatened four years ago. Let the merchants of New York have a meet- ing for the open expression of their opinions on this topic. Let the voice of the metropolis be heard in support of the government and striking down faction. Grumprixa at THE Consequexces.—It is re- ported from Texgs that the condition of the frontier from Indian ravages was never so bad as at present. This, of course, is an inevitable consequence of the acts of the Texans. When all the frontier posts were ocoupied by United States troops sent to protect this very frontier the Texans assisted to cut the throats of the troops and drive them away, and now they cry out for protection, and bemoan the condition they brought upon themselves. The South Carolina farmers do the same thing, in another way. They are losing their crops because they cannot get laborers to harvest them. The darkiesa have no faith in their promises, and this, of course, is the natural result of the former conduct of theso men towards the darkeys. These are difficulties that Southern men have brought upon themselves, and in which they will get very little sympathy. Tas Costs or tae War 10 Soorm Canora.— In bank stock lost, bank bills depreciated, in- surance companies reduced to bankruptcy, rail- ronds broken up, houses, fences, &0., destroyed; in rebel scrip and securities unredeemed; in the losses of merchants; in the confisca- tion of estates; In the losses of cotton, horses, cattle, hogs, &c.; in hard cash, allverware, household furniture and farming imploments gone; in bad debts; in the prostfation of all busi- noas affairs, and in the depreciation of lands, the Charleston News sums up the losses of South Carolina from the war at the round figure of $150,000,000; and puts down her lose of four hundred thousand slaves as equal to $200,000,000 more—thus sweeping away three hundred and fifty millions of the four hundred millions worth of property in the State in 1860, This is the price which South Carolina has paid for her patent right and her costly ex- periment by force of arms of a Southern con- federacy under the soeptre of King Cotton, and resting on the corner stone of African slavery. At this rate five thousand millions would hardly cover the losses of all the Southern States in- volved in the rebdilion. No wonder that the whole concern collapsed like an overblown bubble with the surrender of General Loe, No wonder that the suffering Southern pooplo, from Virginia to Texas, are anxious, like the prodigal son, to got back home. Surely, as communities, those dosolated Stntes have ceased to be objects of wrath and have be- come ohjoots of charity. forpenragee gad con- we may safely support the Southern restora- tion policy of Andrew Johnson. The Long Island Rellroad Slaughter— Eeonomy and Dividends. The coroner’s inquest on the bodies of the persons murdered the other day on the Long Island Railroad develops some facta of special interest to the public, and indieates one of the means by which the railroads are enabled to declare dividends. We showed yesterday that the general rule over the country is that the railroads this year are making twice, three times or even four times as much as they made in any corresponding period of last year. Now this very fact is an explanation of the series of recent railroad tragedies. These increased earnings are due in a great degree to the prac- tice of what is called “economy”—that is, the management of the railroad avoids spending a cent wherever it is in any way possible to avoid it, They make no repairs, and a broken rail throws a train over a precipice, or a worn out wheel gives’ way with the same result. They cut down expenses by reducing the num- ber of employes, and by doing without neces- sary assistants. They save money by employ- ing small boys, instead of men, to attend gates. They reduce to the m‘nimum the number of switch tenders, flag men and brakemen. Thus they get economy to its utmost limit—all for the sake of dividends; and then as the direct result of this “economy” we have to chronicle another railroad accident. The Long Island Railroad practised its economy in the article of brakemen. With all the brakes on, a train can be stopped in one- eighth of a mile, though it be going at a speed of twenty miles an hour. Neither of the trains that collided was going so fast. One was going at the rate of eight miles, the other at the rate of fifteen, and when the danger of collision was clearly apparent they were yet half a mile apart. There was a full quarter of a mile to spare. How wasit, then, that they came against one another? Because the first necessity was not complied with—tho brakes were not “all down.” The express train was going most rapidly,and the driver of that traln—an engineer of twenty-five years’ experience—says that he could, with the brakes down, have stopped his train in sixty yards. The other engineer says he could bave stopped his train in four hun- dred feet as it was, and it may be supposed that with the brakes all down he would have stopped it in half the distance. But on that train, with six passenger cars, there were only two regular brakemen, and on the other train, with ten cars altogether, there were only three. Here, then, is one point in which “economy” is carried to a remarkable extreme. The presence of three or four more brake- men on each train might have prevented the disastrous consequences; but this does not lessen the oriminality of those who by their failure to observe positive rules were the more immediate causes of the tragedy. The express train, coming towards this city, was due at Jamaica at half-past nine, wnd was there on time. If the train going the other way had not yet reached,that point the express had to wait four minutes—and did so. Both the conductor and engineer swear that their train lett Jamaica at twenty-five minutes to ten, and if this is. true they clearly had the right of way. The other train left Hunter’s Point fifteen minutes late and lost twenty minutes on the way, so that at Winfield it was thirty-five minutes behind time, and certainly the conductor of that train was under the necessity to take all precaution to avoid the train that he knew had a right to the road. He was at Winfield at twenty mioutes past nine, and the question was whether he: would wait there thirty minutes and let the other train pass him thero, or whether he would push on and pass it at Jamaica. He decided to push on, influenced no doubt by the con- sideration that he was already more than half an hour behind his time. His caloulation of the time shows how small a chance the public has for its life when it gets on @ railroad train. He knew that the express train would leave Jamaica just fourteen min- utes later than he left Winfield. He told the engineer they had fourteen ‘minutes, and they were running to make the distance fn that time. They would have made it; but there was a difference of two minutes between the watches of the two conductors, and when twelve of the fourteen minutes bad expired the other train was encountered two minutes out from Jamaica. Such is the chance upon which the lives of several hundred persons are made to depend. The four minutes, moreover, that the express train stops at Jamaica is an allowance made for the difference in watches. The conductor was running in the time given him for the sake of safety. The accident is traceable directly to lax management of the road, in the failure to pro- vide by any and every means that trains shall start punctually and run on time. This is none the less culpable because it is a comimon occurrence. It appears that this particular road is run according to convenience. The conductor was ready in time, but could not get bis train out beoause another train was in his way. This, then, comes diroctly home to the Superinten- dent. It is the starting point of the whole trouble’ The caution of the conductor and plenty of brakemen might have prevonted the collision, even with the train out of time; but the conductor calculated too closely, and the brakemen were not there, and thus all the con- sequences of failure in strict management ap- pear in their full magnitude, and should serve as an example in other quarters. Tar Arrzat. or Wmz—The late keeper of the Andersonville Golgotha of Union soldiers, Wirz, has issued an appeal for contributions to aid him in conducting his case before the mili- tary court at Washington, where he is on trial for his life. His friends, who have any interest in saving him, can now step forward; for his case immeasurably appears to be the blackest of all the catalogue of murderers of modern or ancient times. What say the bereaved fathers, mothers, wives, brothers and sisters of the sev- enteen thousand unfortunate young men bur- ried to an untimely and horrible death in that dismal den of horrors, the Andersonville prison? Here is a case for their compassion. Wirz, the keoper of that prison, with all his alloged rob- berios, says that he is short of money. Let those who believe him, and think his a merito- tious case, go to his assistance. Farrrpoat Acomants.—Passongers are no doubt much to blame for the accidents which result from the hurry and skarry on board our forryboats in arriving at the slips on either aide, Byt this dogs not exouze the qompanion taking ordinary Tue Tart or Jery. Davis—Statz Rionts.—It aptgears that Jeff. Davis is to be tried before a United States Circuit Court, in the regular way, and probably at Richmond, Norfolk or Fortress Monroe, under Chief Justice Chase. Davis will be tried fer treason, which the federal consti- tution declares shall consist “only in levying war against the United States, or in giving aid and comfort to the enemy.” Of course this means the levying of war, &., by a. citizen or citizens of the United States, Arraigned uader the charge of treason, as thus defined, whatde- fence can Davis make? We dare say that he will fall back upon the defence of State rights,, and upon this plea, among others, that among NEW YURK. HERALD, THURSDAY, AUGUST ¥1,, 1865. : ————_— ne enn’ necessary unant- | Recomstruction—The Necessity of sup- | ciliation. Surely, in this view of the sdbject, the reserved constitutional rights of the States:|' is the right of secession; that in exercising this tight the States forming the late league of the so-called Confederate States were constitu- tionally withdrawn fron the Union; that they thus became, by virtue of the constitution of the United States, an independent confederacy, over the inhabitants of which the government of the United States had no: longer any authori- ty; that their subjugation has been that of a separate and independent people, and that therefore Jeff. Davis, as the President of the so- called Confederate States and Commander-in- Chief of their armed forces. can no more right- fully be punished for treason than could the Emperor or President of Mexico, with the sub- jugation of that country and its annexation as & conquest to the United States, Preposgerous as this plea may appear, we expect that it will be sericusly put in and argued in behalf of Davis; and although there may be no doubt as to the decision of the Court, it wiil be a decision of the highest im- portance; for it will, doubtless, be made so broad and so clear as to establish the-national sovereignty of the United States, and the metes and bounds between the rights of the States and the powers of the federal government, while the federal constitution as it fs shall continue the supreme law of the land. In this view we presume that Davis will appeal from the District Court to the Supreme: Court of the United States, which, in this event, will un- questionably seize the occaston fora compre- hensive settlement of this South Carolina fallacy of State rights in all its rebellious ramifications. Thus the trial of Jeff. Davis, in putting an end to-all these insurrection breed- ing abstractions, will be a proper winding up of the affairs of his demolished confederacy, founded on the South Carolina theory otf State rights. A Ramroap Rerorm Tioket.—We have urged the Democratic State Convention, to be held on the 6th of September, to make: the subject of municipal reform one of the great issues at the next State election. Now let it also take up the subject of railroad reform, throw over- board all tho old railroad fossils. that have clung upon its back and around its neck, like the Old Man of the Sea upon the back of Sinbad the Sailor, for scores of years, and como out plumply for railroad as well as municipal reform. A ticket formed on this: basis will sweep the State like a whirlwind. Aut Resrrictions Removep.—On and after to-morrow all restrictions upon trade with the late rebellions States will be removed, under the proclamation of President Johnson. Thus, step by step, the good work of Southern resto- tation goes steadity on. THE NAVY. ARRIVAL OF THE STEAMER MEMPHIS. ‘The United States steamer Memphis, E. M. Stoddard commanding, from Annapolis via Old Poiat Comfort, arrived at this port yesterday morning. Tho following is @ list of her officers :— ‘ Acting Volunteer Lieutenant Commanding—B. M. Stod- Acting Master and Executive Officer—J. M. Butler. Acting Assistant Surgeon—E. C. Thatcher. dig det tac rw et if irner, John W. King, fantel Freie Enyineers—Pirst Asststant, in charge, C. H. McCarty; Second er on a Wilatead, George Nelson; Third Assistants, Wm. W. Chadwick, Jamos 0. Herron, . Moore, ‘Mates—F, M. Hathaway, F. P. Vultee, J. B. Raynor, Captain's Clerk—Jon, 1.. Latimer. Paymaster's Clerk—James Coe. ARRIVAL OF THE BARK ARTHUR. The United States bark Arthur, Acting Volunteer Lieutenant Joseph E. Stannard commanding, from Pen- sacola, arrived here yesterday. She went into commis- ston from this port in December, 1861, when she was ordered to blockade duty on the coast of Texas, and has been connected with the West Gulf squadron until the Prosont time. Typ following is a list of hor offtcors:— Acting Volunteer Liewtenant—J. E. Stannard, com- manding. Acting Asivant 0 W. Shields. Acting Ensign and live Officer—G, M. Bogart. Acting Kn= foxeph W. Munroe, F. W. Barkman. Surgeon's Steward—F. W. Murray. Paymaser's Seward—O. Pierce. The New Steamship New York. THE ATLANTIC MAIL STRAMSHIP LINE TO ASPIN- WALL. The Atlantic Mail Steamship Company's new and splendid steamer New York, which has been open for the inspeotion of the public forthe past few days, was visited during that timo by thousands of our citizons, all of whom went away filled with admiration at the ele- gance and taste exhibited in tho fittings up of the in- terior of the vessel. The accommodations for tho first cabin passengers are such as cannot fail to please all; two saloons, one above the other, are devoted to their comfort, On each’ side of both saloons is a row of ten staterooms, fitted up in superb style, covered with Brussels carpets, oach one of which contains three berths and a sofa, besides an abundance of closets, racks, &c., with toilet articles equal to those in first class hotels, These staterooms are 80 constructed that two or more or ail of them on each side can bo thrown into one apartment for families, as occasion may require. Two beautifully fitted up bridal chambers are to be seen at the afver ond of the upper saloon, in front of which is an excollent toned piano. The furniture of the upper saloon is coverod with Ma- gonta colored rep, and that of the lower one with green plush, Sofas, lounges and easy chairs abound in pro- fusion in both saloons, The stairways connecting the saloons are beautiful pieces of workmanship, at the head of which aro two costly bronze figures ropresent- tag Um it” and “Morning.” e cabin for the class passen; woll fitted up, is divided into two ents, and ex- tends clear across the ship; for vontilation and light it is equal to the saloon. The beds in this cabin are covered with handsome white counterpanca, and thore is a plentiful supply of water, with basins and waste i Pie moerage have fine apartments, which aon bop foe ahip, and are Cig od as A = rate the male a1 malo passengers. light and water ard fal. re is Unusually collent, Tn fact, no- thing has’ left undone to e the steorage passen- gore as jo a8 jd be desired. On "7 ae the f eal hes a ye Lad a "8 smoking or lout none which is @ no’ x on these Seamers; fe room, dol oe fitted ap with card tables, settecs, &c., and wil be used b Wer vokeTembn in which to amon instead of in the as héretofore. A fine ox corer a tiie oe ‘which is com- "Oe tt 4) {a a very large and oh obey ts to put a ly for the through troas- for the M+ Figo yh a ‘IMPORTANT FROM HAYTI. PROGRESS OF THE REVOLUTION. hy nesrentoeneeeneate: Capture of Fert St. Michel by the Rebels and Evaciation of Petite Anse by Goxtrard’s \Troope. ~—, . Ceschtion of the Bomb erdment of Cape Haytien.’ ‘Threats Against th White Knhabit- ants of the Zown. &. — The United States steamer State of Georgia, from Caper —_— &e. i, Hayton on tho 224 of August, hae arrived, bringistg thet following tmportans intelligence: — The robets had taken: Fort St. Michel, om\the opposite atde of the harbor, by surprise, in the night, causing the troops of President Geffrard'to’ evacuate Petite Anse ant! to-stop the bombardment of the towm ‘The town had: been relieved’ froma its most Preseing> wants by small vessels: running the: Mookadeeat night, ; and a-blockade runner from Nassaw tad run in with pro- visions, arms and ammunition. Only three or four persons in the towa: had boon killed: by the: bombardment, but many had: died from fright and starvation. The white inhabitants of the Cape were in a very un- safo position, boing obliged to keep: withim doors, and 1 being subjected to constant threats by the mob, composed mostly of women armed with knives tied omthe end of bamboo poles. The rebels had enticed'throo of Goffrard’s: officers from tho Amorican Consul’s house, and shot them in cold blood. The English steamer Fawn had arrived from Ja- maica, taking the place of tho Cordelia, ‘The rebels are detormined to hold out, and' the govern- ment forces are reduced to a small number by deaths and desertions. Flour was $25 (gold) per bbl: ;. rice 80c. perltk ; boans 20c., and sugar 500. CITY INTELLIGENCE. Concerr at Tax Parg.—It is a fact net gomerally known that General’ Custer, before: making a charge, often ordered his brass band: to the front for the perpose of playing one or more of our national airs before the word “forward’’ was given. During the pursuit of Loe’s army, wo listened to. one of Custer’s ‘concerts under fire,’ and yesterday, to complote tho series, we were present at a concert in the air, and another on the water. The concert in the air consisted) of the well Knowm tune John Brown, and ep ular melodies ere by four musicians in the car fessor Lowe's loon, whem at an elevation of some eight hundred feet. The concert on the water was the usual:musical entertainmont gives by Dodworth’s concert band, on: tho upper lake of the Park, These concerts are b>coming almost as ular as those given on Saturday, and the ono of yeater: listened to by a very large and’very course of people. y was 16" COM Orenina or Tae Lrerariss,—A’ number of the publi¢ é libraries of the city, which have as usual been closed during a portion of the summer, have lately been re- opened. The: Astor library was closed on: the 28th of last month, and was oponed during the present woek.; Its library at present includes one hundred and thirty thousand volumes. The Cooper Institute reading room and library, which closed some three weeks since, have also bexn reopenod, with the school of design. Those who have-remained in the city and been prevented from socuring their usual supply of reading matter from those institutions, will be pleased'to learn that they again at liberty to commence their studies, Depatt on THE Necro Surraace Qyestion.—A assemblage—some thirty persons in all—wero presen at Metropolitan Hall last evening: to discuss the ques- tion of negro suffrage. At eight P. M. Mr. Moran, who was unanimously chosen chairman of the meeti called the people to order, and stated the object of the affair. Bach speaker was allowed: fifteen minutes only, ‘80 that ho time was lost, every one doing their best im rapid talking, without elucidating ordefning any facts of real interest or bearing on the subject. The ground’ taken by the-anti-suffrago mon was that the negro was but a connecting link b2tween the monkey and a human being, and'thorefore mentally disqualified for franchise- ment—statements which they endeavored to prove by reference to: numerous oxtracts from the writings of skilled and. selontie men. The suffrage men on- leavored. isprove: such. cl al ing that in color alono they tered froma, the white race, and if they lacked that intelligence which we do, it was our fault and not theirs, for. not af- fording them the facihties. One speaker claimed that their record in the late war was sufficient claim for them on the law for the free exercise of the-elective franchise.| Miss Hobart, late. chaplain of the First Wisconsin cav-. alry, aiso spoke in favor of nogro suffrage in strongest and most emphatic terms, eliciting. frequen’ applause. She was much pained to find, howover, eo fow prosent where a question of so. great itude was under discussion. At ten o'clock tho: Cl gave his decision in favor of the right of suffrago, and the meeting adjourned. 1 Excursioy or Company C, Twaiera Recoceyr N. G. 8. N. Y.—The first annual excursion of this body will come off to-day. The company, with a select number of friends, will start for Dudley’s Grove upon steamers to loave Tonth street, North river, at eight, and’ Thirtioth street at half-past eight in tho morning, The: mombers of tho company (forty in number) and the military guests will appear in uniform, and military cvolutions, will be performed on board. The Séventh regiment band will furnish music, and there will be dancing and other sources of amusemen? on the nds, which are beau- tifully adapted to the purposes of enjoyment. ' Tux Festan Brotuerivop.—The first meeting of the St. Columbkill Circle of the Fenian Brotherhood was » held last ovoning in the rooms, Washiagton Hall, Har~ lem. There was a good attendance present, as it was an~ nounced that J. J, Rogers, Esq., would deliver a lecture on the aims and objects of the Fenian Brotherhood, and also that Judge Connolly would preside. Unfortunately the lecturer did not make bis appeatance, much to the Fegret of the mombers present. - Sudge Connolly was also unable t@attond on account of the death of a rola~ tive. After all hope of Mr. Rogers’ appearance had been given up, Mr. Kelly, the Centre of the society, addressed the audience, He apologized for the disappointment, over which he had no control, and ed every one present who was not a member to Join the Broth rhood and holp the caus of Ireland. He said if they did not strike the blow soon thoy would have nothing to fight for. Ho urged the members to give freely, as every dol- lar might be the means of putting a riflo iif tho hands of somo ono who knew how to use it. The meoting was ad- dressed by Mr. Keegan, who afterwards exhorted the members to do their utmost in the cause of the freodom of their country. He said that Irishmen had helped to gain the freedom of America, and no doubt could prove to the world their ability to gain their own.. ie was cheered during his address lustily. At the tea new members were enrolled in the society. Fire ix West Broapway.—The alarm of fire for the Fourth district last evening, at nine o'clock, was caused, by the occurrence of afire in a small building in the rear of 165 West Broadway, occupied by Warren & Bryan, decorators of glass and china ware. It seems the fir> was caused by tho pven flue being placed too near the wood. Tho roof of the building was damaged. The total loss is estimated at about $200. Whilo rune ning to the fire a member of No. 47 steam fire ongine was accidentally run over by the fine in Canal street. His friends conveyed him away. His name did not transpire. Fine tx Centre Sraeer.—Betwoen tem and cloven o'clock on Tuesday night, a fire broke out in tho second hand clothing store of Thomas Walker, No. 36 Centre street, supposed to have beon caused by afire in a stove heating irons for prossing. Most of tho stock wake cat Damage about $200, Ingured for $1,000 in the Now York Fire and Marino Insurance Company. Tho building is owned by A. B. Jacobs; it is damaged about $100; Insured for $2,000 in the. Astor Insurance Company. Fine 1 East Twextr-srxra Sraner.—Batween four and five o'clock on Tuesday morning @ fire was discov. ered in the Globo foundry, No. 214 Bast Twonty-sixth stroot, owned by & 8. Bont. It originated: in the casting department, the whole of whioh qe bere ; thaw The and on 1 about Joas on stock will be about pny, Ss re it 8 . Th Kk, ke... ully insured in She and Traporte Tradors’ Insurance Com panics. te ‘The building is owned by Maomas Bent, and is insured in 4 Globe Insurance Companies. The cau the Paciie and Globe Insareree ry ub fw auppoedd 8 have been accidental. Oovoner’s Inq Fatat. Accrpmirs ow tie Secon Avexu® Ratnroad.— Yestorday aftcfmoon Chartes’ Boncher, a lad fourteen yoars of whilo in the act of either jumping from or getting xbcard one of the dummy ongines of the Second Avenue (ailroad Company, bene ponh a roe 4 Ny re the avonug, ‘md 126th street, slipped ae ene tor, Mt Reeth ensupd goon wards, {golin waa nglted, and env Petts parents reiden fourth street, An inquest will be hel mornil Its that fet hoon 1 the habit of ri the dummy engines fio rua from Sixty third aifeet o Hadlam, f ‘ t friends o8* ¢ \