The New York Herald Newspaper, August 21, 1865, Page 1

WHOTR. NO. - 10,084. | MEXICO. Highly Interesting from the City of Mexico. Dr. Gwin Lets Out Some State Secrets. By-President Buchanan's Protectorate Over the Northern Provinees Revived, Anxiety in the Mexican Capital as to the Monroe Doctrine. RESUME OF THE IMPERIAL SITUATION Immense Mineral Wealth in Lower California. PROGRESS OF MEXICAN COTTON CULTURE A Tropical Paradise for the . Petroleum Aristocracy. The City of Mexico Likely to Become a Fashionable Winter Watering Place for New York Millionaires, From New York to the Halls of the Mon- tezumas in Less than Two Weeks. &e. &e. &e. Our City of Mexico Correspondence. Mexico, July 28, 1865. Mawimiian’s Hopes of Recognition by President Johnion's Adminisiration—How They Came tobe Raised and How Dashed—Mr. Corwin’s Leanings to the Empire—He is “Diaguited With Republics—Mawimilian’s Diplomacy— The French Minister, Montholon, the Trump Card, dc. Dp to a very-recent period official circles here had been ‘under the impression that President Johnson and ¥~ Beward were great admirers of Maximilian, per ‘nd would be willing, at a proper time, {7 en > ¢ ey would pre- ge the government of Mexi¢# ». grst made to them, and “y) @hatthe ‘afte? ovetia not ‘be in any way pressed upon pher —* 10 time. Such has been for along period the prevailing opinion with reference to the action of the _ Wnited Steves government. This impreesion, it is nid, has beer largely supported by, if.not mainly based upon, eseurances which it is asserted have been communicated dy Mr. Corwin, late Minister here, in his correspondence from Washington, with Mr. Ramirez, Maximilian’s ’ of State, and with General Bazoine. Before . Corwin left for home he expressed himeelf in a way #hat led to.the inference that he was disgusted with re- publics gonerally, and his relations with Mr. Kamirez ‘and with General Bazaine, of whom be was a great ad mirer, were such ag to be almost confidential in their sbaracter. Since then Mr. Corwin has been considered here as the “best friend of the empire in the United States, and great ’ pxpectations have been based upon, bis supposed <n- fluence with che Washington government. That he has been lending his good offices and services to promote its fecognivion is unquestionably a fact. Last winter he sought an interview frow Mr. Seward + jm favor of Don Luts Arroya; to obtain his recognition by bar government as imperial Consul in New York. Jv s ey however, he utterly failed. A printed cir- came ‘from New York, and was profusely ere, contained an account of Mr. Corwin's wis Mr. Seward, and the crushing refusal of Secretary TAIT HAVO Atiyeming, £0 do with any BWis Of Meridian. Mr. Corwin it seems Peooeanee | pet and lately wrote a little more encouragingly bo his friends. , ‘The news he sent was received with the m+ yes the Palace. As the French as well a everybody else here well understand empire only exists by the toleration of the ee “af thought at once of sending to Wash Ington one of the highest officials to pave the way for re and in ice to Maximilian it must be ac that he devised a very nice litile intrigue. ‘Marahal of the empire. General Almonte was to be sent to Washington as Em Meeaaeeae on in special mission. He was to suite with him, and among others Chamber. tain as attache to the embassy. The General roitl with him an ant ph letter of condolence ‘imilian to President Johnson upon the asses) of President Lincoln, and congratuluting Mr his elevation to the Presidential chair. It thought that Mr. Johnson could not be so rode ax to receiving and answering euch a letter, and giving fair to the Grand Marshal. Mr. Ramirez, the of ign Affairs, however, spoiled this little because he did not place entire tm the ‘ae ey he bad received or teasons, the was he wae uD Jet the Grand Marsha! go, for fear Me the letter shou! be nd sent, Unt ther. it should be carried by Cham Dorlain Degotindo, who woanctays for the United State» waz. business. This was dnally adopted French papers here de: that it wae aver thought nend Gea. Almonte, and that Degollado lett ue. private alone. ollado, being married to # Virgins ‘was thought be the person best fitted to go, attracting much attention, and to interest in his the United government. Unfortunately for gee pated is and has sae @ bitter carry, therefore, much weight ‘was instructed to ask an interview frow Mr. or the President to deliver Maxim the French Minister, M. Monfholon, that there is nothing that our government refuse when asked by such a source. You will br to know better than we here what will be the result No loyal American here helieves that Orry or Mexico, August 1, 1866, Barring the general feeling of uncertatoty among al! 4m the capital as to the political relations betwoen infant empire and her big and rather belligerent Booking neighdor to the northward, ttle of wn exoiting @barncter has occurred in Mexico since my Inst. i FONERAL OF MR. SHANAHAN, Tho death of the correspondent of the Henan, the Jemonted Mr. C. 8. Shanahan, in this city, han cast « ploom over the large circle of his acquaintance bere, not Pfew of whom have long known bim ag an able writer J the columns of your journal, and purtioularly ns the Pret Henain correspondent in Mexico at the inangura ‘Mien of the empire last yoor. Mr. Shanaban at that time, + Pdatiove, accompanied the Emperor on his tonrto the ‘Western States of Mexico, and, being the only rerident Porrespondent of any prominent New York newspaper, Ailatotiers wore extensively read and quoted. During vir Peelence in this capital at that time, and in hie Wier Hw. here recently, be acquired many friends by his quiet ¥ manners and rare social qualities The took place from the Iturbide Hotel, where bie de Gist tenn was attended by nearly every Are. fy Mexico city, The remains were placed in the Amerian Cemetery, a burial place purchased by our Goring the administration of Buchenan, epdial reference to the interment of those killed ile American war with Mexico, The detaile of ‘tad whair wore: carefully ationded to by United Comml Oterdourg, of this city. _" OMMOUE RewoRs An TO THR eETTLEWANT oF THE WETIOAN QuasTion. Gome strarge political speculations have been current @f late, and in circles which would seem to indicate that they bad originated from high authority. You know me ee having made a most ignominiour fixsle of Sopare scheme, hus Just left here jn high dudgeon for ——————— Sh NEW YORK HERALD. Texas, writhing between two fires—his hatred of the Franco-Mexican concern that had so duped and deceived him, and his chivalrous detestation of the Yankee nation, who have in so “cowardly” & manner trampled the high born gentleman of the South under foot, &c. Well, Gwin stated before he left here that he owed hie defeat to a plan which had been for some time in.secret consideration between tlie French and United States governments; that the five Northern States of Mexico—viz: Sonora, Lower California, Sinaloa, Chihua- hua and Durango—should be placed underfthe protection of the United States government, with the prearranged consent of Maximilian—the American government estab- lishing the same species of protectorate over those States that President Buchanan recommended in bis address to Congress in 1859—in fact, a revival of the plan of the old ex-President, which, however unpopular it may have been among the New England Puritans at that time, as likely to afford more slave territory, would certainly have resulted in the acquisition of that magnificent region by the United States, Gwin stated emphatically that such plans were on foot, and that he heard of them ‘an early as last winter during bis second visit to Paris to obtain additional authority from Louis Napoleon, and that the snub he then received from the French Em- peror was owing to this contemplated solution of the Mexican muddle, A RUROPEAN CONGRESS ON THE MONROE DOOTRINE—WHAT NEXT? Be further agserted that the proposed Congress in Burope is desired by the French Emperor particularly ‘with the view of causing the Mexican question to be sub- mitted, as though without his connivance, for arbitra- tion by the united sovereigns of the old world, with the understanding that they should arrange it so that he oguid honorably withdraw, if n , from the land of the Aztecs; Perhaps ‘even the Freuch Interveh- tion into a general European one, thus shifting, with his usual adroitness, this unpleasant burthen from his own shoulders on to those of the combined Powers. Whether they were to throw up the whole thing after a little dignified delay, to save appearances, Gwin did not state. He appeared to be fully posted at all events. You know the most important news sometimes leaks out from unexpected places. The United States protectorate he thought would be the most probable solution; and that by a quiet little arrangement, after a year or two, the French claims being by the Americans, the five States would then fall gracefully into line and become a part of the Union, politically, as they aro already almost by nature, as thousands of our countrymen are settling there every year and developing gold and silver mines with incredible rapidity. isburthened of these distant and to him inaccessible regions, Maximilian would find no difficulty in raling his remaining concentrated empire peaceably and uietly, with his own resources. This would enable mis Napoleon to withdraw his troo) the bugbear of French bayonets would no longer exist, French dignity and honor would be preserved and the Monroe doctrine would remain intact. These are the outlines of tals curious phase in the Mexican question. The facts are no doubt already known to the Heratp; but I sené this resumé of what ie common talk here that you may know it is understood and discyssed in Mexico. pane THE Pi OPPOSED TO ae atta a b na 8 been re-established bj foolish by mis- the. thousand apf Gents in the Suarez interest, who look chievous' corrcgont effect of a falsehood. Thoy are righ only to Patreiteoting that Iie travels ten leagues while tuys” Putting on its boots. ‘There is not the least foun- tktforffor the assertion. On the contrary, some six months ago, when a proposition was made to the government by very influential persons for ‘African. colonization,” as well as for the introduction of Chinese laborers (nothing less than the establishment of slavery under the cloak of ‘“‘colonization”’), the Emperor gave his most emphatic refusal, and ordered his Minister of the Inte- rior to make known to the partipe that he “would not tolerate even the shadow of slavery in the empire.” ‘These are facts well knowu here; and how this infamous libel upon Maximilian could have got abroad, except by careful design, is a mystery. Not only the above quota- tion of a apecial decree from the Emperor gives the lie to the report, but article sixty-four of the organic law, pro- mulgated ‘on the 10th of April last, expressly prohibits “slavery aud involuntary servitude.” CARLOTTA THE LBGAL #UCCESROR OF MAXIMILIAN, Another report which-has_ probebl wing by this time js that the second son of the bute ae Brabant has been agreed upon betwen Napoleon and Maximilian, in case of the death of the latter, to succeed to-the Mexican throne. This tittle fiction is also unfortunately crushed by the organic law above mentioned, as follows: Art. 2. In case of death or of any other event which-may place it beyond the power of the Eniperor to continue in the exercise of hie rule, the Empress, his august spouse, will assume, ipse facta, the regency of the empire, ANXISIY IN MBXICO AB TO AMBIRICAN POLICY, Judging by the tone of the New York papers, and, indeed, by vearly the entire United States press, our enterprising and popular young Emperor is onl walting to receive the «oup de grace at the hands of hie neigh- bors in the great republic. — Files of the leading papers were received here by the Manhatfan, and extracts from these, published in the daily journals of this capital, have by no means lessened the apprehensions not only of certain members of the government, but of the most influential citizens of Mexico. Whether or not this avowed hostility to the empire truthfully represents the popular sentiment ip the United States, it needs but little foresight to say that a continuance of the tremendous pressure now being made by thy American press against French intervention 4 in time have its effect upon Congres, and perhZk ET TS shat hody, at jte &pproned- ing session, into some decisive action relative to the Mexican question, It i y to see that such an outside pressure must be eventually taken as an indication of the fo aed Ameri ntiment. It would be idle to say t the meeting of Congress is not awaited with anxiety by the imperial government of Mexico. The constant succession of able and powerful articles in the Henaco is taken here as the best criterion of the feel- ing im the United States; and yet it does not scem possi- ble that under existing ‘circumstances the United jolt yy would be willing to risk an imbroglio with half of Europe on # point involving so few really vital pending on this Mexican affair. STATS, that the permanence to 8 great exten! ou the good will of its northern ne bors, The United states, either as a government 1 the unauthorized acts of lawless Lordes along iis southern frontier, could at any time endanger the government of Maximilian. Against any ordinary number of flibusters the fo: of this government could and would be suc- cessfully directed. No fear has at any time been ex- presse { bands of marauders from the northern tron- ter, bu ust a movement of the national government it would be almost vain to contend, and even the aid of such additional troops as the crowned heads of Europe might send to Mexico would be bat a feather in the seale in opposition to the vast armies which the United States could speedily set on foot. It fact, few are disposed to divit that any very formidable stand could long be maintained against a0 armed determination on the part of the United Staves to expel the French from Mexico. WHA WOULD RE THR CONSEQUENCES OF ARMED INTRR PRRENCE WITH THK EMPIRE. But the question very natarally arises as to whether the yame would ve worth the powder. in‘other words, whether the government and people of the United States would be willing to hasten into a war (such as the world lias Hever yet seen) on so insign ficent a question as the sormitine toot Loe eens in yi neighboring country. in meddling with Mexican -allilfa: thee’ ine iecomed tou readily to the advice of Gwin, jason and Stidelt, and that he Is even now seeking how he may honorably re ure from # sitaatien which finds no favor with th oon French vation, while the honor « Mexican compel t position of Fra of Mex ing in turned tn the national flag. France, not less excitable ai that America, would need but an appeal io her honor # of cost or expediency, and would b le for the Imperta » Monroe doct Trance would pually depletes she treasury less compromised in \ menace from the United Statos woul 7 nee, 10 refuse to be driven or orderod out wblie feeling of hostility now exist aginst the intervention would be quickly eof universal onthusiagm in se f Tn auch a atruggl of Austria and Belg Jeast the latter) iv naval inriee to our great adversary, Other nations mig! Probably woul be forced into the arena, and on side we may best judge by the general ay among the crowned heads of Rurope at the. bt and which heusion dvloseal military and naval power that has so rapidly aprung into existence im the last four youre, j OTHER IR80R# INVOLVED IN TUR MERIOAN QUERTION, Many and grave side issues grow out of the original question. How long the continued loyalty of our “ way- ward sisters?’ of the South could be depended upon, tn such & Kenera! commotiton, would be worth coi » and what measures our numerone enemies would take to stir up the ex Airy, whove fealty to tho columne of the Hewat recel . the Union (jadginy not She mort solid ved here) is ebaracter. Granted, tf sou will, that the United States are 1 enough to confront and, jurope in arma. A war of Yo and if needs be, to Oght all auch mi tude woe in of thet he listened toa | j veror, for his own seenrity if aot for the | rated Hotspurs among the defeated chiv- ‘| - NEW YORK, MONDAY, AUGUST 21, 1865. thé Union; the healing of festering wounds; the de velopment of her vast inland ; the re-estab- Mshment of her commerce; adjustment of # thou- sand vexatious and delicate questions, whose solution almost entirely upon a long continued term of The country needs quiet in which to recuperate after its exhausting struggle, and it does not President and Congress cept upon some most flagrant and unbearable provoca- tion, The subject might be continued to infinity. It involves innumerable weighty questions; but a Mexican correspondence is hardly the place for its full discussion. Events will shape themselves to circumstances. If Maximilian ts unfit or incapable to rule Mexico he will presently fall, if left to himself; for, however encouraged, a weak prince cannot long maintain himself. Under any circumstances, the French Emperor will before bw imself to be led bli up a8 oe Gwin is right in bis aera above WHAT MEXICAN CAPITALISTS THINK m men know that four years of ated adebt of three thousand million dollars, with an annual interest of near two hundred millions, and that taxation in the United tates amounts to a rate which only the reflection that the Union is safe would render even tolerable. Teason that there must be too much sense in the United States to be hurried into a war of which the wisest could not venture to predict the end, with its attendant enormous taxation, merely to sustain a myth, and for the overthrow of the only approach to a government that Mexico has ever known. America is luted with war. It needs peace at any reasonable, onorable coat. Capital demands peace, “and capital makes or forbids war as it chooses, For these and many other reasons, the belief in Mexico is that there will be no positive interference with this government, although there may be a sufficient ire brought to bear upon Congress next winter to cause wide-spread un- GOW THB IMPBRIAL AND REPUBLICAN PORCRS ARB PRO- REBSING. rs 1. A resumé of the military condition of the empire as viewed from the capital can be briefly stated. The whole of Central Mexico is in undisputed possession of the im- perialista, as is also the entire sea eoasts on both sides of the continent, including every port excepting Acapulco (which is occupied as as it is wanted for maritime aru by the French fleets). All the Southern States, including the long con! Oaxaca and the tier of States brig my ¢ ina direct line northward from this capital to the Rio Grande; thence to the westward, Chihuahua is yet in possession of the Juari where the liberal chief has a few thousand scattered troops kept by ‘orce and the cobesive power of plunder to- ether, snd waiting as nsual for the appearance of the french to Tun away. As Sinoloa and Spnora (the must valuabe agricultural and commercial portions of thei) are in peaceful possession of Maximillian’s forces, those States are at last enjoying the pleasures of quiet life, and are experiencing the privilege of being allowed to work their farms and mines unmolested. Guaymas and Mazat- ian, the two inost important Mexican Pacific ports, are unusually prosperous, The admiral of the French fieets and the commanders of the land forces ive the preference invariably to Americans in irpishing supplier, and the utmost cordiality exists between the Frevch and our people, of whom there are thousands living along the Pacific coast, mostly from California. At Maxatian an American is putting up @ fine hotel, to be conducted on the American plan, fn Michoacan the Juarez ferces have made some trouble by surprising stnall garrisons; but these affairs have heen greatly exaggerated, FROM THE RIO GRANRR. We have all sorts of rumors here—‘‘ ,”? a they are called jn Spanish—relative to the condition of affairs on the Rio Grande, Nothing positive can be relied on, save the one fact that the imperial commander there has the strictest orders to preserve terms of cordiality, if pos- sible, with the Americans, aud suffer no act of hostility or aggression to be committed on the part of the Mexican forces. Cortina is on the rampage, ax wsgal; but the career of that pest to all parties is running towards a close. A good many rebel generals and leser socesh lights are straggling into Monterey, Matamoros, and slowly moving towards this capital With the hope of ob- tainiig employment from Maximilian. But the Emperor has already more generals than he wants, and, as for that matter, quite us many soldiers as he has any use for or (ppor inevitable Magrnder and Shelby are believed to be at Monterey, and rumor has it that Dick Taylor and some of his staff are en route hither from the Rio Grande. RABBL REPCGEES IN MEXICO, ‘This city hae lately had its population increased by about a hundred refugecs from some of whom have already obtained einployment on the Vera Cruz Railroad, under ‘‘Colone! Talcott,” its superintendent—a native of Connecticut, but a virulent disunionist, and for two years past the most unmitigated secessionist in Mexico, so much so, indecd, that applicants for work on the road had only to pe suspected of the taint of loyalty to be refused peremptorily. Pierre Soulé, Talcott and Gwin were ‘vronies last winter, and chuckled hugely over the Doctor's certainty of success in. his Sonora scheme, until the fatal denousment in Paris, which knocked dukedomes, se-esh colonies and all the gandy paraphernalia of « glowing fature “higher than a kite.” b MEXICAN RACK HOPRLESELY BPFETE. A vory brief residence In Mexico suffices to show that three centuries of idleness ignorance, vice, superstition and promiscuous intermingling of blood, has produced about as wide a difference between the Spanish conquer- ors and the present genus ‘‘gresser,” a@ separates an intelligent, edacated white man from a darkey. They are, in modern Taonga 4 “played out.’’ The fact is, that the Mexican “‘eoger,”” with his slouchy, sneaking aspect and hangdog gait, is of no more consequence when pitted against European troops than so many Hotientots would be. It ia the oid story of our war with them over again. They prance sronnd on horseback and yell like Camanches, or shoot from cliffs or behind rocks, but are seldom or neygr known to stand before cold steel. The race is oftechually degenerate and effete, and being of the Indian sock mipet go the way of all the brown races when they come in cuntact with the Caucasidn, Hence inéy : , but not more violently than they” hi Amer was when we conquered yn@fm. They have instinctive repugnance tg hd White races bee: power of comparison teaches them that ¢ milate with chow; that where the Angio-~a’ wi pproach, they must necessarily + finally slisappe Maximilian fully unde when be throws open the empire to Am Europeans for colonization, He sees infusing new blood, new life and super into these listless, oulworn inhabitant any and jands this 4 jinn to make # country out © hy don’t buoy let this inan one and see what he can do here? If he jen't the right an for Mexice they weVer Will find inim, WHAT MAXIMILIAN 18 FRYING TO ACCOM PLEE 2 forees now scrambling ground ble elif of Chihuahua and interior of are poor bedrav¢led ereatures who e involved in the contest revmetances, in yy war, they can eke out a scanty subsistance, wi little on eome hacienda, or village, or oftener robbing whe probable impnity. When eay geeraily plead poverty ase for their highway robberies and other outrages, and express a refreshing indifference as to the service they may enter, so they oa suficency of tortillas and pulqne. Those who ithin a week’« travel of this Vond he king © aambling in some squalid wer they can attack with ied by the Frenel they to estimate, ax far ne their st sities ean estimate anything, the beneficent rnie of Maximilian, are forever after hix adherents, ‘The question now is, with every Mexican of intelligence, “Under what govern ment can we enjoy the most lherty? how shall we ent our frijolee in peace and have onr haciendes safe from robbers?” The only government thus far (xinee the separation from Spain) that has giv anything like security to property is that of Muxitnitia and this is the criterion by which Mexicans estimate for themselves whether It ts the one for them or not. Thou. sandg who have never seen the Emperor are his enthn- siastic admirers, and among those who see him ride through the streets his appearance .is hailed with acclo mation The pore Indian races porticularly regard him as their special protector, owing to the deop interest le and the Emprese have always token in their improve. ment and welfare af AMBPICANS INVITED TO SRITLE 1Y MEXICO, the government of Maxitnilian is, and hoe been for a year past, favor any other nation, by throwing open to them every faci lity in his power and inviting thom cordially and freely into his empire. Searcely one privilege, or conees sion asked for by American citizens has been refnsed ; and this in the face of a powerfnl opposition raised not only by Moxicans, whose traditional nti; t their Northern ‘hbors is well known, by Europeans, who predict po good resuits from thin policy of inviting the aggressive Northmen into Mexico, But Maximilian is aman of far-seeing policy and the natural friend and enter of we wherever it may be found; and he particularly values the energy and be thoes Americans as contrasted with the feeble characteristi that should create tility, IMMANAR WRALTH OF LOWER CALIFORNIA, wonderful discoveries of silver minos havo jato- po on the peninsula of Lower California which the even here. The i widers this industry of wach sui * portance that al fv mnt mis and cucperngeent are held out © al) who wil) eogage im It. Not bong age American citizens in preference to | Charles de Barres, the talented editor of L’ Estafette—the party of lmigrase’ frome We Called Staten for age a C rants from the Uni for agri- Cultura purposes, said ‘of the late rebellion and ita porsible consequences :-— “The American conflict has caused the abdication of a at industrial dictator. There, King Cotton has been leprived of his sceptre and spindles. Let the royal im- migrant. have all the room he wants in Mexico; give him all the lands and the hands that bis service requires, Is there anywhere a country more admirably adapted than onc iy the fg gy of that — San mae n, and must ever the greatest agricultural power on the globe? That empire can be established on both coasts of Mextco, and radiate thence to all the markets of the world. But in order that King Cotton may effectively establish himself here he must have intelligent and ex- Eepeet farmers, whom no obstacle can daunt or dis- jearten; and these people are [ caapberye Let them enter, without impediment or delay and with no inter- minable formalities, “Still another product is deéiining in the United States, where the supply cannot meet the demand and con- sumption, and which is, ther ng in price, and that is tobacco. Mexico has four provinces, which in this branch of culture it become formid- able rivals of the island of Cuba, But of what avail can these rich lands ever be to the country if they remain depopulated and barren? Give the planters, then, a free entrance; they come to sow riches at your doors. “The approach of any great and imminent change can be made favorable or disastrous according as it is pre- pared for in time or unseagonably. To explain—the in- evitable effect of revolutions which displace power, riches and social institutions, is to displace, also, poms tione. We have, therefore, reason to expect invi ‘These will be pacific and useful, if the waves of hu- manity impelled from the North to the South are adroitly managed by a wise and far seeing policy; violent and destructive if we let them find us unprepared. welcoming now an industrious and ful im tion a current may be directed through Mexico which would fertilize it, like the genial and fructifying overflow of the Nile. To turn that current away from the soil of the empire would be to expogo ourselves eventually to hostile and tumultuous invasions. It is then important that the occasion that now presents itself should not be slighted. Reject this immigration and it will turn towards other localities, thence to overflow upon Mexico, bearing trouble and disaster in its path. Welcome and regulate it, and it will trace out for the men of the Ne the course they must follow as events in the United States impel thefh towards Mexico.” Barres may be excused for his mistake in supposing that King Cotton had emigrated from the North to Mex- {co; but the philosophical viev: he takes of the value of the cotton culture in Mexico is none the less true. No country on this continent excels Mexico as a grand field for the growth of cotton. Labor, genial climate, the proper quality of soil, means of transportation und every- thing requisite to success are here. HOW THK PUBLIC PRESS 18 MANAGED DW MEXICO. Speaking of newspapers—their name is legion in Mexico—published in Spanish and French, but chiefly in the former language, the organic law permits the press to write as it pleases, so it does not militate with public order and. good government. I have visited the fo and editorial rooms of a number of these journals. Some are conducted on a large scale for the amount of ciroula- tion. The largest has about five thousand to-day. The presses are worked by hand, and the presswork and paper are generally excellent. Considering the unsettled condition of the country, the government seldom exer- cises an absolute power over the press. Excepting in very notorious cases as large a liberty is allowed in this regpect as in the United States during the late war, where necessary restrictions upon unbridled and’ malig. nant assaults on the government were not wanting. Some newspapers printed in Spanish exprese boldly sheir opinions upon pubsic matters, consuring or approv- ing, as they like, the acts of government without let or hindrance, except where a rancorous system of mlerep- resentation, evidently with revolutionary intentions, re- quires interference. No farther off than in Guanajuata, now in possession of the imperial forces, opposition Journals are published which could at any time be sup- pressed; but the policy is that of full Hberty of the press n conducted within the bounds of decency, In very aggravated cases of hostility to the reigning powers, by repeated fulsifications, three successive warnings are given, after which the paper is stopped for four or five weeks. A smart little comic periodical, called La Orehesta, is issued in Mexico, containing tolerably well executed caricatures no® only of the several ministers of State, but even of the Emperor, who, so far from taking umbrage of these rather hard hits upon public events, js a subscriber to a dozen copies, which'are sent regularly by mail among other papers for the amuse. ment of bis friends in Europe. A BATCH OF EDITORS IN TROUBLE. However, some time since six of the principal editors were srrested by Marshal Bazaine for cerfain strtowmces upopghe military trial sul exeention ef the bandit Ro- moro, ordered by himself. These unfortunate knights of the quill were tried before a military court martial and found guilty of something—I forget exactly what—and, in porsuance of military law, were sentonced to a few months jmprisomment and a “tall fine each, The Em- veror here intervened and pardoned the whole editorial ich, who, however, don’t seem to have become much more citeumepect for their genuine seare, It is hardly necessary to say that the Freneb papers are stanneh sup- porters of the empire. HOW TO GET TO MPXICO—BTEAMERS, RAILROADS AND DILI- GRNORS. [tiga small matter now 10 reach Mexico from New York. You can come to Vera. Craz, yia Havana, by any of the many steamers leaving your wharves, or directly by the new line hetween Now York and Vera Cruz. If von go to Havana and take passage there to Vera Croz there are two regular lines from Which to choose—the English and the Spanish, the former leaving Havan: on the 28d and the latter onthe 8th of each mouth, The new American line above vana about the Tth anc bound. Beside these line ship Company, wh tian a few mouths age joan coast “teaming, W tripe between Havann and from Vera Cruz to coast. entloned also touches at Ha of each month, outyard an sein 2h he Imperia! Mexican § ly he making regular “Cray They have also a rleans. and two along the FTAL AS) PASHIQNAULE AMIERICAN WATER. 186 PLAty, We are in the height of the rainy & of rain and sunshine, bat, on the whol sant clin ter, how collence of Mexico. ‘The cool, braétng wiv, thi buoyancy of the atmo-phere at this great ait seven thousand feet above the sea). the clearn the sky and the appetite which a new alwayé feels, he the interesting history ascociations and snrronndings of the city, make ita on, with intervals tt israier a plea , is the Beason par es peculiar (more delightful place in whieh te escape the rigors of a Northern winter. The trip i now made iu less than two weeke—nine dayr from New York to Vera Cruz and three days ailrond and stage coach to tl through ¢ t pictiresque, grand and ren ery imaginable, crossing Vast ranges of mony almost the mh f lefty cupped “ond among @ most | hy cultivated distwiets of in the “gardon of > Orizaba and Cordova r n by nine mules at fall gallop, league «past every variety of tropical frait s clusters [rom | , disputing " ed tangle of splendid folinge, the trees gorgeous with flowers of every hue, that seem to smother the ripening fruit with their pro- and heanty. It is in curions contrast with the in peake springing into the very clouds away, aud still more in contrast with Me a favorite bobs and petroleum arietocracy, Ty | enn recollect when it took longer to go fron ty Now Orlenn: than it dock now to Mexic | there are so many Americons here that home, and yery soon all f the § Montezinas,” and all that, will be lost, from the fact that everyhody will know all shout it from Tienee, WHAT OAN WH BERS IN EEKICO, But being hers your high-toned aristocrs | themselves to their hearts’ content, They can roam about tn Montezutna’s palace (or the Emperor's, which is the eame thing, as it is made of the material of the old one); they ean rkirmish for drinks in the very place where Alvarado made bis celebrated leap, they can eat orteame made of ice brought by meek-eyed Indians from the frosty peaks of Lztaecihuatl; they can see the coat of mall and heimet of Cortes; stand for hours in the mag. nifieent cathedral, the largest building on this continent, | and which was two hundred years in process of constrne. won; to morning mees and firt with the Mack man. | tittas fn the Calle Plateros; hear the Avatrian band | Uy moonlight in the grand place, and the French one ip the Alemeda by daylight; buy a lottery tieket of a blind man, who can sec through the Deck of hie head, and draw « blank, go to the ball fight and see the Mexican patent for disembowel- ing hormes; got invited to the palnce ball, if they Know anybordy at court; rol at_ the Tivoli; read VE at Plaisant’s; rid the Paseo de Bu- eareli in the afternoon, and go opera (real live Ttalian opera) in the evening. Al and divers other Neasures and innocent pastimes await the Crovenres of spread to th HM th ham in the hall of the Monti “8, THE NAVY. AMRIVAL OF THR FLORIDA, ‘The United Stator steamer Florida, Acting Volunteer Lieutenant Commander William Rudd, arrived at this . esterday from Philadelphia, having towed there the States Monitors Naubue'and Modoc from New The f ‘ting wate, te} ie 0 list of the officers of the Florida :— a Commander—Wm. Hudd. Acting Awistant Fo En a pag ‘m. : Ai “if RB. awit; neu Third Assist. in Cotter, bal Geer, A. C. Collin. C. Amoran, D. B Habbard, L. 6. Tt is stated that the printing of the second voliano of the Emperor's ‘Vie de Cent’? is s0 far advanced that the ‘book will be upped before the ead of ihe svar, ‘ } Great Basiern, whieh PRICE FOUR CENTS. EUROPE. | Five Days Later News by the Belgian, at Father Point. Nothing Heard in England of the Cable. SHAREHOLDERS STILL SANQUINE. Eighty Thousand Pounds Worth of Extra Capital to be Raised. Tho Difficulty Between Prussia and Austria, PROBABILITY OF A PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT. United States Five-twenties 67 a 68. ae. &e. &. Farner Pot, August 20, 1865. The steamship Belgian, which left Liverpool at one P.M. onthe 10th inst, and Londonderry the noxt day, passed this point last night. Her dates are five days later than those of the China and City of Cork. Queen Victoria and the junior members of the royal family had arrived at Antwerp and proceeded to visit the King of the Belgians. A terrible tragedy had occurred in London. A man took three children to lodge temporarily at a coffee house and murdered them all in their beds by suffocation, The murderer had escaped The London News says there is no prospect whatever of any further payments of dividend or principal of the Contederate Loan. ; The London Times highly eulogizes Genero! Sherman for his modest speech at St. Louis. The new Parliament was further nominally adjourned till the Ist of November. Abd-el-Kader had quitted England for Paris, it was re- ported, on account of lack of attention in high quarters. The Liverpool Chambers of Commerce had memorial- ized the, Postmaster General for a Cunard steamer to #ail on Fridays instead of Saturdays. The cholera was still spreading at Constantinople, The steamship City of Washington, from New York, reached Liverpool at quarter past two P. M, on the 10th The steamship Pennsyivania, from New York, arrived at Queenstown on the 10th The steamship Hansa, from New York, arrived at Southampton early on the morning of the 10th, The steamship North American, from anche, arrived out on the 8th ? The United States frigite Niagara, from rane, passed Plymouth on the sth, bound to New York, The Atlantic Cable. ‘The condition of the Atlantic cable remained an. changed. No news had been received of the Great East- evn or of her consorts, ‘The delay in ber return strength- ened the impression that something might have bap- pened to the tanks in which the eable was stowed, aud that it might have veen necessury to buoy the cable until the tank® were made good, MEETING OF THE SHAREHOLDERS. At an extraordinary meeting of the Atlantic Cable Company, held in London on the 9th, it was resvlved to convert the preference shares into consolidated eight per cent preferentin! stock, and to issve additional capital, to the extent of cighty thousand pounds sterling, to complete the present cable and coustract and lay down a second. The Chairman, Hon. J. S. Wortley, said he had no information to give the meeting, but hb reliable information in He said t holders should be envouraged and persevere. ing was large aud unanimous, The following is the summary by the City of Balti. more, which Pailed the day previous: — The Atlantic cable rena in nt, Nothing additional is known and nothing expected til! the arrival of the te looked for off the Irish const The logs of the steamer indicate that nothing but moderate wes Valentia indicate that the and one hundred wenty-live miles ont ght that the previous tests, showing it at nt fifty miles, are more Like- reported thae the company lace the bon. al any moment, she con have expe The tat tet ne fron But one t ly to be « nd two hundred i tw take were abont to anmedinte soy to enable Fr ed in Par ‘and tres tt it was row that reinforcements to the ex tomt of sis the gent to Meter on the point of betug sree thousand from France and three thousand from Algiers. ‘The Paris correspondent of the London Stars th popular eubseription of ten centimes for a gold medal for Mrs. Lincoin wi still progres There were 25,000 subscribers, and a committee appointed to ralve the number to 100,000. Politica) news wae unimporiant heavy. Rentes 67f. 906 Austria and Prussta. The News Preis Presee of Vionna who had y led to aston to with Prussia relative to the Duchies, i —Count Blane ptianons der Aw com } tria’s concession of Jnly 10 ws defluitive and unchange abie, Should Prugsia insist on the strict fulfilment of the conditions she proposed last February, Count Blane will declare negotiations broken ol. A easus belli would only be considered to exist in the event of flagrantly violating Article IIT. of the treaty of concluded ut Vienna. A special iclegram from Vienna to the Times says Count Blane i bearer of most pacific despatches. with Prussia tor the sake of the Duke of Angustenberg. Prossi Spain. | The iliness of the King of Spain had assumed a more rerlous aspect Tn consequence of a conference between Marsbal O'Donnell, General Prim and Sefor Madoz, the progres fist party will ebandon the policy of abstention from public affairs Ministers have ander consideration the state of affuirs at St, Domingo, China, At Shanghoe, on the bth of July, silks were active and advancing. Exchange 6% At Canton, July 12, shirtings were Jower. hange BN. The steamere Cores and Chanticleer are missing, Commercial Intelligence. LONDON MONBY MARKET, avoverT I. Funds on the Oth and 10th were dull and unchanged; discount demand moderate. Nogotiations were commenced at London fora new Braailian joan of four millions sterling. Console for money, 8994 0 895 The bulkon in the Bank of Koglend has decreased £234,000, AMERICAN FTOCKE. Miinoie Contral shares, 70)¢ « 76%; Erie shares, 65% 0 66, fve-twentine, 67 n 08. Batterthwaite’s circular of the evening of the Oth ways:--“American ecurities remained Btoady for rome ayn, until the arrival of telegrams per the North Aweri- can reporting a rapid advances in Erie shares and the de- Claration of divideads, Thin caused much excitement in Londo, 4 « large burinege way one al shout 09, ihe Bourse continued + Austria hay concluded not to break | on sellers appearing to realize profits, they gave way to 5634. Illinois shares dull and declining. Five-twenties have fluctuated between 68 and 69, closing steady at 6834. Considerable business was done in the Atlantic and Great Western debentures at 86 a 87.” LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, avGuST 11, The market opened dull, at a decline of 34, a 34d., and closed active. The decline was fully recovered. The sales of the week added up 65,000 bales, of which specu- lators took 4,600 bales and exporters 13,000. Middling Orleans is quoted at 19%<d., Uplands 19d, The sales to-day amounted to 10,000 bales, the market closing firm and unchanged. Stock of cotton in port 374,000 bales, of which 26,600 bales are American, LIVERPOOL BREADSTUFFS MARKET, AUGUST 11. Breadatufs are still advancing. The weather is still unfavorable for the crops. Wheat advanced 8d. a 4d. Flour advanced 64. a 1s., on account of the reports of the potato disease in Ireland. LIVERPOOL PROVISION MARKET, AUGUAT 11. Provisions frm. Pork advanced 2a 6d. Bacon ad- vanced 1a, LONDON MARKETS, avGusT 10. Wheat advanced 1s. a3s. on the week. Flour is firmer atthe advance of 6d. Sugar quiet, Coffee firm. Tea steady. Tallow steady, at 42s, 3d. Spirits turpentine 478, FIREMEN’S RIOT IN RIDGE STREET. SEVERAL MEN BADLY INJURED. Two or Three Supposed to be Past Recovery. SEVERAL ARRESTS MADE BY THE POLICE. &c. &c. &c. Yesterday morning shortly before one o'clock an alarm of fire was sounded in the Sixth district, caused by @ straw bed taking fire on the roof of the tenement house No. 38 Ridge street. Engine Companies Nos. 6 and 41 quickly responded to the call, and on the corner of Kidge and Delancey streets these companies came in collision, and a desperate fight ensued between, them, during which pistols, clubs, stones, trumpets and other deadly weapons were used with great freedom. Captain Steers, of the Thirteenth precinet, with a largo force of men, was quickly on the spot, and worked with a will to separate the rioters and quell the disturbance ; but, being unable to do so, they sent to the Seventh, ‘Yenth, Eleventh and Eighteenth precincts for aid.- It soon reached them, when an overwhelming onslaught was made on the rioters, and after a most desperate struggle they were overpowered and dispersed, but‘not till quite 2 number of persons were shot and beaten, two of them, it is feared, fatally. Matthew Bettman, a runner with Engine Company No. 41, received a pistol shot wound in the abdomen, and bis condition is such that there are but slight hopes of his recovery. He was conveyed to Bellevue Hospital. Bett- man lives at 77 Broome street. Bartlett McGee, a member of Engine Company No. 41, was dangerously shot in the breast and arm, James Quigley, of 89 Ridge street, was shot in the left breast, and is algo in a critical condition, Both MoGee and Quigley were taken to Bellevue Hospital for teeat- ment. 5 Thomas Oram received a pistol shot in the neck. Thomas Clayton, “Wht pistol shot wound in the fore- head ‘Thomas Kelly, dislocation of the arm and head cut, Thomas Sweeny, badly beaten about the head and arm. There last named parties are members of Bugive Com- pany No. 6. cyal other parties, whose names did not appear, were more or leas injured and removed by their iriends, Police Surgeon Blven dressed the wounds of many of the injured parties at tho station house, 1t ix ramored that the members of Engine Company No. 41 sent « number of boys to the roof of premites 33 Ridge street to set the bed on fire, ao that they iaixe an alarm, their house, and have with their antagonists of No. 6 Engine, and the rumor for what it if worth, without being able to ascertain it¢ truth or falsity, ‘The police o: the Thirtecuth precinet atate that it was alleged the members of Engine Company No. 41 made the attack, } having first prepared themsetyes for it. | The police arresied the following named persons;— Arthur McKeon, Bu-b, George Schaffer, Charles could a fight we give | Albright, Patrwk Hoyle, Edward MeCue, Owen Me- | Dermott, John sullivan, Thomas Reilly, Preston Lewis | and Sw Duna. All the prisoners were taken before Justice Mansfield and committed for dsordorly conduct, with the exception of MeDermott and Dune The former 7 seen to fire a pistol during the progress Of the fight and Di struck on® of the Thirteenth precinet olftcers om the hend | witha brick. MeDermote will be detained to await the death or recowery of the men who are #0 dangerously shot, wh Hurge of felonious assault will be lodged took cha Dunn | against fue | houses and still have po of beth engine CULARS. Ber how. lernoon for the purpose ination of Bettuan, a wriving there foand him had conversed with TEM WATE A Coroner Gover aud Dr fi fh visited tee pitnt at four o'clock yesterda k the ante mortem ¢ f 41 Engine Previow runner dead. the hot him, batt loon when he was wounded. Quigtey very Jow up tot the opinion of the surgeons t the night, He declined to put to bim by th her injured parties will probably recover, holy of Bettman will be held to- who was shot through che left breast, wae k velve o'el urvive of the the would pot yewer to any question: Theo rong An inquest mm the day ore arrested during yesterday wos War Hennessey, foreman Jompany No, 41. A six. barrelled revolver, od, Was found on bis person by the Thir Michael Kells, and Anthony Burk ber of Engine Ce 41, were arrested and I up, but the latter was released by direction of the Coro- teing all diligence to arrest all after of Engin heavily teenth pre gine Company uct police 4 apany Ne nor, Captain Steers | parties having any connection with the affair. News from the Southwest. Cro, TH, Angust 1%, 1866, Over 175 bales of cotton areived to-day for Cairo, 670 | for St. Louls, and 1,Q00 bales for Cineinnatt, | A. W. Wisely, editor of the Mobile Argua and Oriet, died at Jackson, Mies, on the Sth | Acommuittee appointed to confer with Gay, Hamiltén, | of Texos, regarding measures to restore the State to oivit | government are at Austin to carry out their Instree tions. They were appointed by citizoms representing nearly all Northern Texas, who pledge thomselves to abide by and defend all lawfa! Ruthority villa Optrage in Tennesse, . Mewrais, August 20, 1866, Somo coldiers left Jackson, Tenn, « few days age to hunt op some horsoe whicb"had been stolen, They were attaeked by a large number of guoriliag, driven back and obliged to abandon. their horses, Tt ia reported that three of the soldiers were killed after fallmg into the guoriia’s bands. Two of the querillas have been eap- tured, Obituary. ‘The oldest of the band engaged tu the Bologne conepir acy of 1840, Etienne Babordo, died the other day, aged eighty-four, in the Palare of the Laxembourg, of whieb ho was the Military Governor, In the “order of the day,” iewed on board the Edinburg Castle, by Pring Louis Napoleon, allotting their parts to his ern. Y Laborde was designated as lieutenant colonel in com= tiane of the artillery of the centre; and in the xeneral inetroctions ha was “charged with the jiamediase forma. tion of a battalion of volunteers, whor be waa to asrem vie on the Place d’Arnes, in frout of the Hotel de Ville -