The New York Herald Newspaper, July 7, 1865, Page 5

4 ‘NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR TON AND NASSAU STS OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF _FU!, TERMS cash inadvance. Money sent by mail will be ‘ptthe risk of the sender Nowe but banic bills current in New York taken. THE DAILY HERALD, published every day in the year, Four cents per copy. Annual subseripiion price, $14. (4 THE WEEKLY HERALD, every Saturday, at Five cents per copy. Annual subscription price:— One Copy .... . 92 Three Copies 5 Five Copies. 8 Ten Copies... 1 Postage five cents per copy for three months. Any larger number addressed to names of subscribers $1 50 each. An extra copy will be sent to every club often. Twenty copies, to one address, one year, $25, ‘and any larger number at same price. An extra copy will be sent to clubs of twenty. ‘These rates make the Weexty Henan the cheapest publication in the couniry. ‘The Evrorgan Eprrioy, every Wednesday, at Srx cents per copy, $4 per annum to any part of Groat Britain, or 86 to any part of the Continent, both to include postage. ‘The Catironma Eprrion, on the Ist and 16th of each month, at Six cents per copy, or $3 per annum. Apvzrrisxmxnrs, toa Mmited number, will be inserted inthe Werxty Herat, the European and California Editions. Jos Panrrme of all description, in every variety, style and color, executed with promptness and on liberal terms. 1 VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing im- portant news, solicited from any quarter of the world; if used, will be liberally paid for. sg Ove Formicy Con- BUSPONDENTS ARE PARTICULARLY REQUESTED TO SEAL ALL LETTERS AND PACKAGES SENT US. NO NOTICE taken of anonymous correspondence. We o not return rejected commanications, No. 187 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway.—Taz Ange. oF Mipsigur. BOWERY TEEATRE, Bowery.—Acaerrimi—O1p Dams ‘Tror—State Sxceers. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Faxcuoy. WINTER GARDEN, Broadway.—Ta= Lap or Lyows. WALLACK'S THEATRE. Broadway.—Oxiver Twist. NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Tax Foorpunc— ‘Tur Beaxp or Caime—La Zixcana—Pappr Mites! Bor. OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway.—Jzssiz Brown. BARNUM'S MUSEUM, Broadway—Two Living Waarns— A Livine Atiicator—Fat Woman—Gianress. Eystacux Bavoir, Open Day and Evening. BRYANTS' MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 672 Broad. way.—Ermorian Songs, Dances, Boucesquas, 40.—Tas Havntep Hovss. WOOD'S MINSTREL HALL, 516 Broadway. —Bemnorta Boxes. Dances, 4c.—Tux Mittse ayp His Men. HELLE?'S HALL, 58 Broadway.—Saw Francteco Mix- aners—Erittorian Sincinc, Dancing, &c.—Tux Wine SELLER HOOLEY'S HALL, 201 Bowery. —Saw RPLEY's MIN- oncERI—CanMivaL OF Fun—Bicuaup arrets—PaRton Ci Ye No. 8. \W YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broad: — Open Tom 10k MU IDS a a New York, Friday, Jaly 7, 1965. THE ASSASSINS. The findings and sentences of the court martial which tried the Washington aseagsination conspirators, and President Johnson's officia! orders approving the pro- Ceodings and decisions of the court, and designating the time and manner of carrying them into effect, are pub- Lished in fall in this morning’s Hanarp. Of the accused ho following have been found guilty of active co-opera- Don in the murderous plot, and are sentenced to be anged between the hours of ten o'clock A. M. and two Detock 2. M. to-day: David E. Harold. George A. Atzerott, Lewis Payne. Mary E. Surratt, Tho remainder of the prisonors have been acquitted of actually engaging in the assassination, but found guilty ©! either aiding Booth in his plans toa certain extent or assisting in bis escape, and are sentenced to different terms of imprisonment, The following are their names ;— Michael 0’ Laughlin. Edward Spangler. Samuel Arnold. Samuel A. Mudd. Of these O’Laughlin, Arnold and Mudd have been sen- fenced to imprisonment at hard labor for life, aud Spang- ler to imprisonment at hard Inbor for six years. The President bas designated the Albany Penitentiary as the piace of their confinement. THE SITUATION. General Terry, commanding in Virginia, roceivod orders from Washington on the 3d inst, to muster out all troops in his department whose servicos are no longer wooded. Tho matter of the mustering out is left to General Terry's discretion, and, as a large number of Sroops are still needed in the State, It is thourh* sua his foroe will ndt immediately bo materially reduced. Gov. ernor Pierpoint has abolished the old Virginia Court of Appeals. Mr. Pierpoint expects to have civil govern- Ment in the state im good running order by the Ist of August. ! & Louisville despatch states that General Logan, com- Ypanding tho Army of the Tennessee, has issued an order iz immediate mustering out of service of his entire Foros. Three different columns of troops are now en route for fhe Powder river country from Columbus, Nebraska, and Wort Laramie, to operate against the hostile tribes of our for western Plains. It is announced that General Hooker will shortly eu- persede General Dix in the command of the Department of the East, the headquarters of which are in this city, { General Ord yesterday assumed command of the Prorthern Military Department, with headquarters at De- _ frolt. é General Gordon Granger, commanding in Texas, ina tly issued order gives the people of that State dis- inctly to understand that slevery has ceased to exist ere, and that this result involves an equality of per- nal rights and rights of property between the negroes their former masters, At the same time he counsols he colored people to remain on the plantations and con- Minve work, and warns them against idiencss, 4 The naval court martial convened for the trial of Commander William A. Parker, who during inst winter commanded the James River Naval Divi- Bion, for neglect of duty in not proventing the rid of the rebel gunboats, have recently sup. $n ited the result of their labors to the Navy Dopart ‘nent, The accused was found guilty of both chargos, ‘nn | sontenced to dismissal, but, in consideration of his Tony and faithful service, was recommended to clernoney. re aty Welles, after a roview of tho finding ond sen- Rene: of the court, announces his disapproval of them, be J orders the releaze from arrest of Commander Parker, ji EUROPEAN NEWS. | Our Baroponn files to the 2th of June, by the stoam- ip China, contain some items of interest not included NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, JULY 7, 1865. in the telegraphic summary published in the Hawanp on | President Johnson's Administration—Its ‘Tucsday last. Wonderful Growing Popularity. Karl Russoll, in a despatch to tho British Ambassador | PF@sident Johnson, in his great work of resto- sf i ration, is gaining “golden opinions from all at Washingtoa, says the Preeident's pimnay ern canal eae haters Mae aie erica: which Sir Frederick Bruce ‘justly describes asunintol |) aa tne Aiath: whe sag thet ligible,”” seems to haye arisen from a confusion of two . Separato offences—one attempting to trado with such | he is wrong in this thing, that thing and the ports as Charleston, &., which would be a breach of | other—one set of politicians declaring that his Custom Hoasé regulations; the other attempting forcibly programme in reference to negro live to enter Galveston, to aid the rebels, which would behigh | 414) tuletake, ond anolber aot pe. Ay St treason against the United States government, the war anch amnesty restrictions equally wide of the mark; but, notwithstanding these grumblers, the great bedy of the people of both sections are rapidly crystallizing around the administration. They have great faith in “Andrew Johnson’s capacities and qualifications for the work which has fallen into his hands. His past active and successful career as a Southern democratic poli- tician of the old Jacksonian Union school, his long and comprehensive services as a Southern statesman of that school, his consistent and courageous course through all the trying or deal of the rebellion, his intimate knowledge of the institutions, people, classes, parties and politicians of the South, are among the great advantages which he possesses for the task be- fore him, and which he fully comprehends, It is, therefore, not surprising that, in regard to this important business of the rehabilitation of the late insurgent States, fair minded men of all parties and all sections should be inclined to award not only a fair trial, but a generous support, to the administration of “Andy Jobn- son,” the man of the people in the fullest sense of the term. In this capacity he is, of all our public men, regarded as the proper man to su- perintend the task of peace resulting from Abraham Lincoln’s successful war for the Union, It is remarkable, in this con- nection, that a man whose leading traits of character were amiability and charity should be our leader through the war, and thata man whose distinguishing qualities are rigorous justice, energy and reso- lation of purpose should be charged with this peaceable work of restoration. But while the events of history have established'the fitness of Lincoln for his position, we have seen enough to recognize the peculiar qualities of Johneon as equally woll adapted fof the réle assigned him. The secession of South Carolina, in Decem- ber, 1860, inaugurated a stupendous revolution. The organization of the revolutionary govern- ment of the so-called Confederate States, at Montgomery, Alabama, was the introductory branch of the programme, performed under the administration of James Buchanan. Then followed the first grand division of the exercises with the signal gun of Fort Sumter. This was the war for the Union on one side and a South- ern.confederacy on the other. Under the admin- istration of Abraham Lincoln the Union cause prevailed, and the Southern confede- Tacy was torn to fragments, even to the dislodg- ment and disappearance of ita corner stone of African slavery. This was the work of war—s work of destruction of material things, local institutions, constitutional excrescences, party landmarks and moral and political ideas. From the wrecks and rubbish of this concluded branch of the revolution Andrew Johnson is called to the task of reorganization and resto- ration. Itisthe comedy which succeeds the tragedy, or rather the putting of the house in order again after the quenching of a destruc- tive fire, which has left the shell of the building intact, but the inside sadly in need of repairs. Thus President Johnson goes to work, not in tearing down their outer constitutional walls, but in restoring the internal arrange- ments of the rebel States in harmony with the constitution. Slavery is destroyed, and emancipation takes its place; but as to the political rights of the liberated blacks, the President leaves them to the several States concerned, where these things constitutionally belong. If the loyal white men of the South, thus charged with this work of restoration, will, therefore, act wisely with reference to the present crisis and the future, they may, by con- ceding the principle of negro suffrage, lay the foundation for a reconstruction of the national democratic party which may control the politi- cal affairs of this country for a century to come. The whole question, to this extent, now rests in the hands of Southern men, under the rules and limitations prescribed by President Johnson. If they are wise they will seize their opportu- nity and turn it to a good account. Meantime, if a dozen or even half a dozen of the leading rebels of the South were strung up on the same tree with as many of the lead- ing abolition radicals and disorganizers of the North, it would be a good thing for the pacifi- cation of both sections. At all events, perfect harmony, North and South, will not be secured until abolition disorganizers, as well as South- ern traitors and fire-eaters, are completely ex- pelled from our national party organizations. To this end the restoration policy of President Jobnson is directed, and hence his growing popularity among the patriotic men of all seo- tions and parties. Let the responsible men of the South consider the advantages which they thus command, and they may soon regain a Southern balance of power in the Union, and on a solid and durable basis. A Sovrnzrn Apventurer—<A few days ago our Richmond correspondent referred to a rebel General Tochman, who has begun the practice of law in that city. This Tochman came to this country from Germany or some- where and offered his services to this govern- ment. Being refused, he went down to New Orleans and attempted to raise a brigade for the rebel army. Whether or not he succeeded we do not know; but the rebel authorities re- fused to make him either a brigadier general or a colonel, and the rebel Congress threw out ® bill for three thousand dollars which he brought before them. Our Richmond corres- pondent should be more careful. These foreign adventurers never amounted to anything, on either side, during this war, and the least said about them the better. American generals, not foreign pretenders, have preserved the Union. Henry Wirson’s Sraxca.—The speech of Sen- ator Henry Wilson, delivered at Washington on the Fourth, may be taken as a fair representa- tive of opinion just now. He comes out flat- footed for universal negro suffrage, without any conditions whatever; and he comes out flat- footed for President Johnson also. This re- minds ué of the man who made It a habit to say prayers to the Lord every night with great regularity; but he had a son who reminded him that he ought to eay a prayer to the devil also, because the latter might do him more damage than the Lord. So he took the advice, and henceforth every night gave thanks to the Lord, haying ceased. Neither would be piracy, which was an offence affvinst all mankind. In tho telegraphic summary of the China's news, it was stated that the advices conveyed to Europe by the Persia caused @ considerable fall in American securities. ‘The explanation of this panic is probably to be found tn the special New York despatch of the London Times, which paints in alarming colors the oxplosion of the ordnance repository at Chattanooga, occurring simultaneously with the incendiary fires at Nash- ville and Gallatin, and following closely upon the terrible explosion at Mobile, To complete the ploture of social disintegration, the Imes correspon- dent adds;—‘‘On ®atarday a party of nearly two hundred soldiers attacked a settloment of negroes in Washington, drove thom from their houses, beat them, destroyed their furniture, and appropriated whatever of value could be found. The negroes subsequently rallied, when @ fight ensued, in which firearms were used upon both sides, and several persons injured. The riot was only quelled by military force, Expulsion and beating of nogroes for attempting to-ride in tho strect cars aro of daily occurrence in Philadelphia and New York.’’ MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. The Board of Councilmen met yesterday and transacted a good deal of routine business. A motion to suspend a rule of the Board cutting off debate on the presentation of a resolution was lost, The resolution’ adopted by the Aldermen directing the printing of twenty-five thousand copies of the report of the obsequies in honor of Presi- dent Lincoln, at an expense of over fifty thousand dol- lars, was referred, after a vigorous speech by Mr. Lent in opposition to its adoption. A meeting of the Board of Representatives of the volunteer Fire Department waa held last evening in Fire- men’s Hall, Mercer street, for the purpose of making a final close of their business, A number of matters were disposed of. It was agreed to present the Fire Depart- ment banner to Exempt Engine Company. Other trophies have already beon presented to the State Bureau. of Military Statistics at Albany. On the conclusion of he busineas the President announced that the Board had no longer @ legal existence, and the meeting was adjourned sine die. The new Fire Commissioners are rapidly progressing in their preparations for putting in operation the paid department, The monthly meeting of the Chamber of Commerce was held yesterday, whon one hundred and six new members were elected. The report of the committee on the ercction of a new building for the Chamber was ordered to be printed. The report of Judge Marvin, delegate to the International Congrosa, regarding the ad- Justment of averages, was presented and referred. Several communications were received and ordered to be enteréd in the minutes, including one from Mr. Cyrus W. Ficld regarding the opening of the Suez Canal, and one from the Oswego Chamber of Commerce relative to the proposed Niagara Falls ship canal. n ‘Tho sentence of Charles H. Walters, who was to have been executed to-day, has been commuted by Governor Fénton to imprisonment for life. Alth®ugh.the offence commitied by the condemned was of the grossest char- ‘acter, still there have been mitigating ciroumstances in the case, and his conduct while in the Tombs hes been most exemplary. Hoe received the news yosterday with much thankfulness and seemed deeply affected. The semi-annual report issued yesterday from the Statistics Bureau of the City Inspector’s Department indicates an unusually healthy condition of our city at present. The ratio of mortality to population has been Jeas during the past six months than in any correspond- ing previous period for the last twenty years. Tho num- ber of deaths in the city for the six months from the Ist Of January to the Ist of July, 1964, was 12,564, and for the same time in 1866 only 11,880—a decrease of 634, or nearly five por cent. ‘The carmon and laborers of the city met yesterday at 76 Prince street, to the number of about two hundred, and in addresses and motions testified their unwillingness to work for the contractors for street cleaning. They complained that the wages are too small, that for carts being four dollars & Cay and for laborers one dollar and three-quarters. A coronor’s inquest was yesterday held in the case of Mortimer Maguire, aged twenty-one, son of Mark Ma- gulre, proprietor of the Red House, Harlem, who died at the New York Hospital on last Monday from the effects of injurias received i: a fight with some person as yot un- known, onthe night of the 29th ult., on the corner of Houston and Crosby streets. ‘The police magistrates yesterday committed two men, giving their names as Henry Donohue and Robert Cox, on charge of assaulting and robbing, on Wednesday night, on the corner of Canal and Laurons streets, Mr. John Lee, of 41 Montgomery street, Jorsey City; Emil San- toni, a Frenchman, charged with inflicting a dangerous wound with a dagger, on Wednesday night, on the person of Mr. Paridaens, of 258 Third avenue; Augustus Bacon, on chargo of stealing four gold watches from the store 78 West Houston street; Marcus Silleck, of 231 William street, in whose premises were yesterday found a portion of aconsiderable quantity of goods stolen in April last from the hair not manufactory, 138 Canal street, and Matthew Cassidy and Froderick Peterson, for disorderly conduct and carrying concealed deadly weapons on the streets, A fire, caused by the ignition of a can of phosphorus, occurred iast evening in the rear of the drug house 262 Greenwich strect, but did very little damage. While tho firemen wore returning from the fire two fights took place be‘ween the members of Hose Companies Nos. 18, 25 and 49; but, the police arriving on the ground, seve- ral arrests were made and order was soon restored. A fire between two and three o'clock yesterday morn- ing, supposed to haye been the work of an incendiary, in the Dute*. RefofMmed bookstore, 103 Fulton street, dam- eevd ule stock to the amount of about four thousand dollars and the building to the extent of five hundred dollars, Governor Fletcher, of Missouri, has issued his procia- mation announcing the adoption of the new constitution for that State at the election held on the 6th of June. Tho total number of votes cast was 86,478, of which 43,670 wore in favor of tho constitution and 41,808 against it, the majority by which it was adopted being thus 1,862. It went Into operation on the 4th tnstant. We publish this morning the decision of Judge Thomp- ton, of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court, delivered in Philadelphia on Wednesday, and noticed in yesterday's Hansxp, ordering tho discharge from military custody of one Cozens, accused of defrauding the government, and fining one of the Philadelphia provost marshals for not delivering up the prisoner in response to a writ of habeas corpus, It is said that Plerro Soule, ex-French revolutioniat, ex-United States Senator from Louisiana, ex-United Statos Minister in Spain, ex-Southera revel and ex-domi- ciliar of Fort Lafayette, has finally turned up in the City of Mexico, whore he has hoisted his shingle and com. mencod the practice of law. A Mrs. Adelia Ridey on last Tuesday night entered a restaurant on Third street, near Girard avenue, Philadel- phia, and, without apparent provocation, drow a dagger and instantly stabbed one of the proprietors, named Joseph Sides, and his brother, Isaac Sides, who rushed to Josoph’s assistance. Both the men died soon aftor. ‘The woman fled and concealed herself, but was subse- quently arrested and committed for trial, ‘The store of Messrs. Quackenbush & Co., in Troy, N. Y., has been twice ingeniously entered by burglars within the past three months and robbed of large quan- tities of silks. The first occassion was in April, when about twelve thousand dollars worth of goods were ab- stracted, and the second on the night of Tuesday last, whon the adroit operators succeeded in carrying off over ton thousand dollars worth of silks, No clue to the bur- glars has been obtained. The stock market was higher yesterday. Governments were firm. Gold was dull, and, after opening at 13034, closed on the street at 139%. 13034 was the highest quotetion at night. The commercial situation remained about tho same yesterday as on the preceding day. Guld ruled very steady at about 189, and commercial values were accord: ingly steady. Foreign goode were quiet, Cotton was sleady. Petroleum was very dull and nearly nominal. Groceries were steady, with a moderate demand. On ‘Change flour and grain were mofe active and higher, Flour was 10¢., wheat lo, a 8¢,, and corn lo, a 20, bottor, Pork was fetive, and $1 @ bbl, higher, Other articl.s word steady, EEL TELE NTE TT ee Te OR a eT ee and gave a blessing to the devil. That was the origin of the saying, “good Lord, good devil.” It is thus with Senater Wilson. Verdict of the Washington Military Commission—Four of the Conspirators to be Hanged. 9% The Military Commission which has been in session in Washington for nearly two months, and before which were arraigned the assassin- ation conspirators, has analyzed the testi- mony and rendered its verdict, The find- ings of the Commission have been sub- mitted to the President and approved by him, and Lewis Payne, David E. Harold, Mrs. Mary E.'Surratt, and George A. Atzerott are to be hanged to-day by the military authorities. Dr. Mudd, Samuel Arnold and Michael O’Laughlin are to be imprisoned for life, and Edward Spangler six years imprison- ment and hard labcr in the Albany Peniten- tiary. Thus have the deeds of these conspira- tors, their participation in, or assistance gen- ed in carrying out the assassination of Mr. In and the attempt upon the lives of other government officials, been brought home to thom with all their feartul consequences. Booth, the leader of this band, long since ended his career. His last hours were attended with the most excrutiating suffering. He thus paid the penalty of his crime in murdering the Chief Magistrate of the nation. David E. Harold, whoge name heads the list in the find- ings of tho Commlesion, was the companion of Booth in his flight from Washington after the execution of the tragical deed and his pilot through the bjavays, marshes and swamps on the Maryland side of the Potomac. He had also been for sometime assisting Booth, and was captured with him. Lewis Payne, as our readers are already well aware, is the des- perado who entered the residence of Secretary Seward, and there fought his way to the bed where lay the prostrate form of the Secretary of State. Having administered severe blows to Frederick Seward, and laid him prostrate at the door of the bedchamber, he rushed to the bedside, and with a dagger cut several horrible gashes in the cheeks and neck of Secretary Seward, who lay there helpless, suffering from recent severe injuries. Nor did bis work of destruction stop here. The attendants, who rushed to the Secretary’s assistance, and an- other son, received severe wounds through the application of the same instrument which had been applied to the master of the house. For- tunately, the wounds, although of the most dangerous character, did not prove fatal, and all the others injured are fast recovering. But the escape of Mr. Seward and his son Frederick has been miraculous. Asa penalty for these atrocious deeds, Lewis Payne, like Herold, has been sentenced to be hanged to-day. George A. Atzerott.was assigned the duty of taking the life of Vice President (now President). Johnson. _He engaged a room at the same hotel where Mr. Johnson was stopping, that he might the better perform his part of the tragedy. All the necessary preparations were made, but for some cause he never executed his part of the plot. The connection of Mrs. Mary - ratt was that of harboring the conspirators in the assassins making her house their rendez- vous, where all their schemes were planned and matured. «In addition to this, it was proven by the evidence that she notified the occupants of her house in Surratteville to have certain weapons in readiness on the very night of the assassination, stating that two men would be there for them onthatnight. Booth and Harold called as predicted. It will also be remem- bered that it was at her house in Wasbington that Payne was arrested, having sought refuge there after midnight in the disguise of a com- mon laborer. This concludes the list of those who are to suffer the penalty of death upon the scaffold. Before the sun seta to-day, un- less they are reprieved, they will all meet their doom. Of those who are sentenced to be imprisoned for life Dr. Mudd has been the most conspicu- ous in the trial. He seems to have been on friendly relations with Booth, and in fact knew more or less ef his villanous designs. It was to him that Booth rushed for medical as- sistance to relieve his sufferings arising from the injury to his leg; thus becoming an ac- cessory before and after the fact of the assasni- nation. Samuel Arnold was one of the origi- nal parties in the plot for abducting the Presi- dent, but appears to have backed out and left Washington for Fortress Monroe before the execution of the assassination programme. To Michael O’Laughlin was charged the work of assassinating General Grant; but the latter leaving Washington that evening, O’Laugh- lin was unable to carry his part of the tragedy into execution. Like Dr. Mudd and Arnold, he is sentenced to close imprisonment for life. Edward Spangler, who is let off with six years’ confinement in the Penitentiary, was one of the carpenters employed at the theatre, and as sisted the escape of Booth from the stage through the back door. This includes all of those conspirators who have been arraigned before the military commission. The evidence upon which these sentences are based bas been from time to time spread before the public, and we presume the decrees of the court mar- tial create no surprise. A Word of Advice to Louis Napoleon. We have a word of advice to Louis Napoleon, the Emperor of the French. We have always been in favor of him since we met him near London, many years ago, and thought him a very modest man. On that occasion—predict- ing the revolution of 1848 in France—we in- quired of him what he should do under certain circumstances, and he replied that he was in the hands of destiny. Thid marked him as 6 modest man, and predisposed us in his favor. Since then he bas shown himself mean, gener- ous, pious, wicked, a perfect rascal, a perfect gentleman, a genuine scoundrel and a first rate Emperor. These contradictions in his charadter have piqued our curiosity and excited our interest; consequently wo have made him the subject of careful study, and we now thorough- ly understand his principles—or his want of principle—and his policy. After a career of wonderful success, during which he has completely humbled the pride of England and avenged Waterloo, Napoleon has made 4 mistake. We need scarcely say that this mistake is the Mexican expedition. We told htm long ago that this expedition would be to him what the invasion of Russia was to his im- perial uncle, and we repeat that prodiction now. Lord Palmerston, who is a very shrewd man, foresaw the humiliation of England in Mexico, and theretore withdrew from any inter- ference with the affairs of this continent. Spain prudently followed England’s example, and (he little balance which she had to settle at St. Domingo convinced her that she was right. It would have been well for France and for Napo- leon if the French had also withdrawn. Even now it is pride and obstinacy rather than good judgment which keep Napoleon involved in the Mexican imbroglio. Thé oppoal- tion in the Corps Legislatif speak some words of wisdom. When they beg Napo- leon to rescue himself from a dilemma which will by and by prove fatal, they are com- pletely justified by the facts. The Emperor knows the falsity of the rose colored statements of the Moniteur, and he has good reason to know it, since he tes those bogus de- spatches. Unless he is so foolish as to be deceived by his own falsehoods, like many other men, he {s fully aware that the occupa- tion of Mexico is a flasco, England and Spain Jaugh at him as they observe his predicament, and declare that he has no pretext for a retreat. But retreat, he must, or all is lost. The of destiny points out ‘to him the modo. t him avail himself of the quarrel between Max- imilian and the, Pope to retire gracefully, and all willbe well. Let him persist in the scheme of pinning a foreign throne to this continent by French bayonets, and the consequences will certainly be disastrous. Our advice to Napoleon is, then, to withdraw from Mexico, This is the advice of the Ameri- can people, who are, after all, not inimical to the man whom they justly consider the ablest of European statesmen. This is the advice, too, of the American government, although Secre- tary Seward may not have snfiicient force to express it as he ought. It is true that we do not desire another war at present. It is true that our soldiers wish to stay at home and to engage once more in the avocitions of peace. But the Monroe doctrine is fully accepted by the Americans, and nothing can eradicate from their minds the idea that s foreign monarchy on this continent is an offence to the United States. The feeling of hostility against the French occupation of Mexico will grow with their growth and strengthen with their strength. Every day and week and month it will increase and intensify. Sooner or later, if Napoleon does not withdraw, he will be suddenly and peremptorily removed. He may send over as many soldiers as he likes, but we can outnum- ber them three to one, More than this, the soldiers of the French army cannot cope with our veterans. One of the graduates of Grant’s army, or of Sher- man’s, is enough for two Frenchmen trained only in Algiers. The Southern ehivalry could alone dispose of the French, and we have shown that we can subdue the Southern chiv- alry. England. claims to have whipped the French, and we have beaten England. It is more in sorrow than in anger that we have marked the errors into which his Mexican expe- dition hasled the French Emperor. His attempt to seduce England into a recognition of the Southern confederacy was a failuro. By this time, in the light of recent events, he muat see that if the attempt to seduce England had suc- ceeded the failure would have been still more decided. Look to the future, Monsieur Louis Napoleon, and consider the facta over your coffee. The breach Between Maximilian and the Pope opensa path for your withdrawal from Mexico with honor. Neglect this oppor- tunity and our advice, and you may as well send the Empress back to Spain and the Prince Imperial to England, and prepare for a revo- lution ; Mexico will be your Moscow, and the parallel between you and your uncle may be completed at another St. Helena. Will you obey destiny or defy it? Our Example to the World—The Two Great Phases of the War and Theit Effect. The Fourth of July has been celebrated with great spirit in different parts of the country The celebrations have nearly all been more or less military in character, and their general tone has been that of glorification for the heroes of the war. The sentiment of gratitude to the men of the army and navy, who have brought the war to its suecessful close, has had a stronger expression than any other. It is quite proper that that sentiment should be ex- pressed strongly; but we hear less of some other things than we would wish to. There are no comprehensive appreciations of the real in- fluence that this great war is to have. The war is treated upon fully, its battles named one by one, and its heroes cheered with a proper pride; but no one points to the comprehensive philo- sophic moral of this vast{struggle, or leads his hearers to consider what its immense effect is to be on the future of this nation, on the future of other nations, and on the destinies of the human race. And yet this would scem above all others to be the grand idea of the time. There are two remarkable aspects of the war from this point of view. We have just finished the greatest of all civil wars. This war, carried on entirely be- tween the two sections of this country, has been equal in magnitude to the greatest of mo- dern wars waged between separate nations. Our own country has sent forth armies equal to those marshalled by Napoleon Bonaparte, and at the same time armies equal to those marshalled by all the rest of Europe against Napoleon Bonaparte; and with this force we have concentrated into four years the same great events and immense succession of battles that in former times occupied twenty or thirty years of a nation’s life. What is the secret of ue this? How is it that we have been able to put forth such an immense power in proportion to our numbers, and to crowd forward events with this wonderful rapidity? It is because we have applied to the art of war, for the first time, on an extended scale, the inventions of the age— the vast discoveries of modern science. We have made full use of the immense progress of the physical sclences to concentrate war—mak- ing it terrible, but making it short. England and France hardly more than at- tempted the application of modern science to the little war in the Crimea. France made a partial use of it in the Italian war—using the telegraph a little, the railroads a little, and rified cannon a very little. It was left for us, the inventive and progressive people of the age, to make this application on an immense scale and to develop its full effect. All the great inventions are ours, and it remained for us to show the world their greatest value. By. us thousands of miles of railroad have been used numberless times. That single fact has taken ton years from the length of the war. It put the most distant points near to one another. Armies, for whose weary months of marching the country would have waited with a heavy heart, wore garried to the yital points in 4 day. Armies, that for the sake of supplies must have retreated and given up great enterprises at the point of success, found a land of plenty to the doors of their tents withine few hours. These miracles were wrought by the raflroad and the steamboat, and the tele graph wrought others. Generals that under the old system would have waited months at dis ‘tant points, ignorant how to act, were told fo an instant what to do. Armies at the most widely separated points were moved by one will with ‘mathematical precision. All the other applications of sclence—as those to arms, fortification and ships—had their share of influ- ence in this grand result. This phase of the war must revolutionize the world, and there is fo nation on the earth that will not feel the influence of this in every year of its future life. The other grand phase is that this was im n pure and simple reality the war of the people, originated, sustained and finished by and for the people. Compared to this wars in general are duels filled with formality, in which one king defies another, and each brings up his men like counters at @ game, the miserable 5 counters boing unconscious of the cause and ‘ careless of the result. Here the people were the active, initiating and impelling power, and the sphere of the government was only to execute the will of this power. The government was subordinate—an organization of clerks that ar- - ranged the points of detail; the people was the supreme will. The moral influence of this fact will shake the toundation of every govern- ment on the earth which assumes that the people are not the paramount power. And to- gether these two phases of our war—studied, cogitated, written about, as they will be, for fifty years to come—will change and regene- rate other nations. They will carry the world forward with a grand impulse. They are the 4 levers by which the old societies will be broken up, and they embody the ideas on which bet- ter ones will be formed. They are the sub- : stance of the great example we have set, that the world cannot shut its eyes to, and that it must see and feel and follow. Tae New Sovrnern Press.—It is very amusing to observe the tone of the different a newspapers published in the Southern cities since the war was concluded. They all came < out in a most loyal spirit at first, but recently many of them have been getting a little wild again. It is evident thata good deal of the old leaven still remains. It has become neces sary for the government to suppress one of the newspapers of Richmond already, and it will be curious to see how many more of them will is have to be suppressed in Richmond or else- where unless they change their tune. Anprew Jounson’s Poricy.—The policy which Andrew Johnson is so steadily pursuing ap- pears to be creating as much demoralization in the different political parties as the war did. Men of alt parties are sustaining him, and mea ofall parties are opposing him. The end will -be that there will be no party left at all, oz at best only innumerable remnants and frag- menta. i Kusr Tae Out.—There never can be a party successfully constructed at present, unless such men as Vallandigham and Pendleton, of Ohio; { the Seymours, of New York and Connectiouts the Woods, of New York; poor Pierce and musty old Buchanan, are left out of the ring. That may be set down asa fixed ‘fact. This crowd will kill any party. : Ax Ivrsxusriva Momcdt Fagr.—Several admireraef Mile, Morensi in Brooklyn, the city of many churches, one Academy of Music, and one theatre, have most it erally contributed the handsome sum of seventeen hum- dred dollars in gold, to enable that lady to go to Europa, , where she designs to study at Milan, under the tutelags of Lamberti, for one year. Having accepted the compli- ment to her fine voice, she leaves on the steamer to-mor- row. Mile. Morensi, we are informed, has been offered and has refused engagements from Madrid, and also from Mr. Gye, of the Royal Italian Opera, London, preferring to study under some distinguished master tn Italy before running the gauntlet of European, criticism—a very wise resolve, because the best vocal material is often lost for want of proper training. Governor Fenton Commutes the Sentence of Charles HM, Walters from Death te Imprisonment for Life, Aupary, July 6, 1868, Judge Stuart, counsel for Charles H. Walters, euc- ceeded to-day in obtaining from the Governor a comme. tation of the sentence of death to that of imprisonment for life, 5 ; Manhattan College Annual Examina- tion. The interesting examination which marked the close of the scholastic year in this institution took place om the evenings of the 29th ult, and the Ist and 8d inst, thus extending over @ period of three days. Na A of essays wero read by the studi . ie eae se eon eae y ir. Teco. the cxemination in mathematics gavo great ‘atisfaction to the professors and visitors. ec exami. nation in classics, ound Dr OM, O'loaie, Pooteee a ‘ pt ¢ McCioaky, 0 v' Dr. Mediyn, Dr. MoSweeny, and Soutahe if " men; Dr. Ives, LL.D., and &, J, Sears, LL.D. Personal Intelligence. Among the returned offices is Major Wm. 0. Carroll, formerly aid-de-camp upon the staff of General John A. j Major Carroll served General Major ‘ickeburg, whem he entered the Th! ores go Tilinots cavalry, - which regiment he has wince its reorganization, At the battle of Pittsburg Landing, or Shiloh, werved as volunteer aid to General Grant. the visitors at the St. Nicholas Hotel are “ ~: Brigadier General Ullman is at the Astor House, Bi: g The Governor left Albany yesterday to recruit bie 7‘ health, which his severe duties have much impaired. He will be absont several weeks. ‘The Belgian public prosecutor asked authority of the Chamber of ities on the Zist ult. to . General Chazal, Mi of War, and Deputy having fought a duel, This request was committee, It ie said that Prince Lucten Bonaparte ts to replace bie im cousin as President of the Commission for the ’ Universal Exhibition. Lo pparent at the head of th tis maton, raat a 1@ English oom! is compelled to replace “Monsieur o cher by a member of the Emperor's family, at the Tuileries, the Ambassador, i At the last diplomatic reception Emperor, havitg observed the new Turkish whom he had not seen before, went ap to hie cad of . dressed him ina few polite words. the first com- pliment the Ambassador bowed low, but did not answer, a ces oe i “f out ing & wor rep! vlained mystery ispering to his Majesty that Sutvet Pacha doce not speak Fronche j Madame Kossuth, the wife of the Hungarian leader, Tani at Gonna to Yur tiene ingstone, the aged mother of Dr. Livingstone, tne afrioaa ‘Eaveliee, died in Scotland on the June, Arbuthnot, fourth nie Athan iraaivillo, Prosident of the British Pri . Conneil, has been killed by lightning in Switzerland, under a most Loner Ay tore ay Bhe waa a ing her honeymoon with her hi among the Alps, Mrs, Arbuthn iipation. ina fow minutes & i