The New York Herald Newspaper, June 11, 1865, Page 2

THE BLACKS. His Future Condition in the South. THE SOUTHERN PRESS ON HIS PROSPECTS. THE SUFFRAGE QUESTION. Objects of the National Freedman’s Relief Association. The Maryland Apprenticeship | System, &., &., &e. ‘Whe Freedman’s Burcau and the National Freedman’s Relief Association. One of the most powerful engines at work in the re- ‘organization of the social sta‘us of the South has recently eon put in operation in the shape of the Freedman’s Bureau. ‘This bureau, at the head of which Major General ©. 0. Howard, recently commander of the Army of the Tennessee, has been appointed, was authorized by an act of Congress passed during the late session, The objects in attaching it to the army were two— first, in order that the commissioners might be military men, drawing salaries from the government; and second, to give the enterprise the benefit of the system and ‘organization incident to military control, Previously the management of negro affairs was loosely conducted by a class of men known as superintendents of freedmen. The arrangoment now is to place all matters connected with freedmen in the hands of commissioners, who will ‘be responsible to their superior officer for the manner in which they perform their work. By a recent order of the War Department all suitable materiél of war not necessary in tho army is to be turned over to the proper parties for distribution. This includes horses, mules, wagons, shovels, axes, &c’, and will be a valuable accossion to the carrying out of the first steng to make the negro self-supporting, Avery important and valuable co-operating agent in helping along the efforts of the Freedman’s Bureau is the National Freedman’s Relief Association, of which Francis George Shaw is president, Joseph B. Collins, No. 40 Wall street, is treasurer, and George C. Ward chair- man of the Finance Committee. During the year 1864 the association expended $229,000, distributed over four hundred thousand gar- ments, tnd reached with supplies over two hundred thousand souls, employed one hundred and sixty teachers, agents and superintendents, and in the schools had over twenty-five thousand pupils, The fields ctly operated in aro the valley of the Mississippi, Natchez and Vicksburg being the central points of distribution, Louisiana and New Orleans being thecentre. At the last named point the associatfon has a large orphan asylum for orphan negro children. In Florida, Fernandina, Jacksonville, and St. Augustine are the headquarters. In South Carolina the colonies are located principally ‘on the sea islands; in North Carolina, Roanoke Island, Newbern, Beauf« &c., and in Virginia at Norfolk. Sinco the close of the war the association has increased ‘the number of its colonies, which in ashort time will extend to all parts of the South. Necessarily attendant upon the sudden termination of hostilities has been a radical change in the relations of master and slaye. Neither know the policy of the gov- ernment, and seem to be waiting for something definite. Meanwhile the blacks, hitherto entirely dependent upon their masters, are reduced to the greatest extremities of starvation, and suffer a fearful mortality. In ordor to meet the increase in the requisite outlays of the association a call has been made upon the chari- ties of the people for funds. The following letter will give an idea of the redneed ~~ vition of the negroes in Alabama: Heapquartens, Agar anv Division or Wxst Missis Monitx, Ala., May 16, Mr. F. G. Snaw, President National’ Freedman’s ution :— Sin—There ure thirty thousand poor freedmen now thrown ‘upon our handa in this State. They will be able only to get Dread this year; clothing and learning must come from the government, or from the benevolent hearts of merciful loyal De Relief NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, JUNE Ul, 1865, Initer is as necessary (0 gave the government as the for- | tho different procincts at the held on the 25th mer. ultimo, and requested the. of voting, As no Tee cuneeg mas wit vate be notin with (8 ae | weg ations nai a8 on as —_ peas, Jae oh a eo the election of the 26th ultimo, out of the whole ieored may har beam thu and, tanto, overnment ited ite the ive aa tate Senate. thousand and forty-five votes were rejected at the polis, lave law, and the cruel policy often pursued toward them, will they not be more devoted to it now than ever, since it that liberty which they de- sired above things? Surely, if colored men voted | but were, on the day, peaceably | without harm to tho Bate whild thei brothren were in | quietly a their places of oral Tho election wall be bondage, ‘ill be devoted and watchful | contested on ground o! jon of the vi nen, tay RG ve, seatih mote Save the colored ten, Who were all qualided sotere in ocher if color be not a disability, tne “disability,” and 8 very serious one under the over her intereat when elevated to the rank of freemen | and voters. If they are good and law-abiding citizens, praying for its prosperity, rejoicing in its pay- ing ite taxes, fighting {ts battles, malaga ath present constitution of the State. The qualification of mines, worl and commerce more juctive, why | Voters, as therein laid down, prohibits the granting of 1 deny them the right to have a voice in the election of its | the elective franchise to any save “white persons” Who have arrived at the agé of twenty-one years. However, this same constitution disqualifies from voting all who have been engaged in, or given aid and comfort to those engaged in the rebollion since January 1, 1864, but rulers? * * * The government hasasked the colored man to fight for his preservation, and gladly has he done it, It can afford to trust him with » vote as safely as it trusted him with a bayonet, bd » ba At present we can have onl: ‘ial protection from | neve! many such persons did vote at the recent the courts, The tostimony of twenty of the most intel- | election in this State, and in many instances their votes were not even questioned. : The Negro Apgrentionship System in | presence of twenty colored soldiers, ane yet ryland. dence would be less wo far as DECISION OF JUDGE BOND, SUSTAINING THE NEW cerned, and the rebel would escape. A colored man CONSTITUTION. may have served for years faithfully in the army, and the Baltimore American, May 29.) yet his testimony in court would be rejected, while that On day morning Hon. Judge Bond, of the Crimi- | of a white man who had served in the rebel army would | nal Court, delivered an opinion in the mattor of the | be received. If this order of things continue our people corpus vs. John W. Perry, Jeasee A. Dashiell, are destined to malignant persecution at the hands of | Samuel C. Dasluell and others, of eet county, who rebels’ and their former rebellious masters, whose | ‘held to service,’ against the wishes of their parents, hatred they have incurred, without procedent even | geveral colored’ children between tho ages of four and in the South. Every rebel soldier or citizen whose arrest in the perpetration of grime they may have effected, every white traitor whom they may have brought to justice, will torment and persecute them and set justice at defiance, because the courts will not receive negro testimony, will generally be the only possible mony in such cases. Arebel may murder his former slave and dety Juation because ho committed the deed in the pres- ence of half a dozen respectable colored citizens. He may have the dwelling of his former slave burned down over his head and turn his wife and children out of doors and defy the law, for no colored man can appear against him. Is this the fruit of freedom, and the reward for our services in the fleld? Was it for this that colored men fell by hundreds before Nashville, fighting under the flag of the Union? Is it for this that we have guided Union officers and soldiers, when escaping from the cruel and deadly prisons of the South, through forests and swamps, at the risk of our own lives, for we knew that tous de- tection would be death? Is it for this that we have con- cealed multitudes of Union refugees in caves and cane- brakes, when flying from the conscription officers and tracked by blood hounds, and divided with them our last morsel of food? * ™ ® There have been white traitors in multitudes in Tennessee, but where, we ask, is the black traitor? Can you forget how tho colored man has fought at Fort Morgan, at Milliken’s Bend, at Fort Pillow, below Petersburg,’ and your own city of Nashville? ° 7 * ng 7” * In this great and fearful struggle of the nation with a wicked rebellion, we are anxious to perform the full measure of our duty both as citizens and soldiers. To the Union cause we consecrate ourselves and our families, with all that we have on earth. Our souls burn with love for the great government of freedom and equal rights. Our white brethren have no cause for distrust as regards: our fidelity, for neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor principalities, nor powers, nor things present, nor things to come, nor height, nor depth, nor any other creature, shall Be able Lo 9g us from the lowe: of she Union. ° fourteen years, who wore slaves at the time of the adop- tion of the present constitution of the State, and whom the parties above named had had indentured to them as apprentices by the Orphans’ Court of said county, in lor to hokd them until they are twenty-ono yoars of ‘age. These children had been bound out since the adop- tion of the new constitution to their formor masters, ander the old negro apprentice law, which, it is now decided, is abolished as an involuntary servitude. Tho decision of the Judge remands the children to the custody of their parents, he considering the “apprenticeship” propowod nothing but “slavery,"’ which the constitution abolished. Negro Suffrage in North Carolfna. {From the Raleigh Progress, May 31.} ‘We have not hesitated to declare our gratification at the freedom of the negro, and to express the opinion that tho people of North Carolina would ratify at the ballot box the protien of the President, and the order of Genoral Schofield issued in pursuance’ thereof, We are glad that the negro is freo on hia own account, and we are glad on our own account. We believe, as did our great and good Gaston, that African slavery is a curse to any people—that it dostroys the onergies of the non- slaveholding whites, keeps them in ignorance and retards the development of the resources of the country— and the sooner a people who havo it get clear of it the better, ‘The negro is freo in North Carolina, and if we had it in our power to enslave him again we would not do it. Whether his freedom will better his condition or not is a problem which he has got to work out; but so sure aro we that the white masses are to be elevated—that a new field of moral and intel- loctual culture, as well as material prosperity, is to be oponed up to them by the suauguration of froe labor, that wo would not restore him to his former sta‘us if in our power to do so. * ‘© At present we are sure that there is nota singio man in the State in favor of allowing him to vote; and any attempt on tho part of the general government to force it upon us would se- riously interfere with that fraternal, sympathetic affec- tion 80 necessary between the people of the different States and sections to secure a union of hearts as well a8 @ unton of < tates. CALL FOR A STATB CONVENTION. The colored people of Tennessee will hold a State con- vention in the city of Nashville, on the first Monday in August (the 7th), 1865, at ten o'clock AM. Let overy county, town, hamlet and village be represented at this important meeting. East Tenn‘ West Tennessee, Middle Tennessee respond to this |. Great and im- portant questions and measures are to be taken into con- sideration, and measures are to be adopted to secure our political liberty and equal right in Tennessee, A hearty response is most earnestly requested; and bring means to facilitate this great end. Let us rally to the true standard—for that which our soldiers in the fleld have so nobly responded—‘‘Liberty or Death.” Let us who are at home never falter, but show our appreolation of and determination in the cause of truth and jus- tice. Groat efforts are being made to oppress and ro-enslave us. Let va lay our grievances before the general government. Under the government of the no- blest patriot of the country—Andrew Johnson—the friend of humanity and liberty, we feol assured that our cause will succeed. We enter anew upon our duties as men, trusting in God. Come one, come all. Rally to the cause of liberty, and to the rescue. ‘he above is signed by twenty-nine colored residents of Nashville, Memphis and Knoxville, Tonnessee.) SLAVERY JUDICIALLY ABOLISHED. The abolition of slavery in Tennessee has been judi- cially asfirmed by cellor Shackelford, of the Chan. cory Court of Tennessee, The case arose ona writ of habeas corpus, sued out by Cyrus Winston, a colored man, with a view to get possession of bis four minor children, held in bondage 2 one M. P. Jones, agent for the trcstees of Thomas Williamson, deceased. The Chancellor decided that the recent amendment of the constitution of Tennessee abolishing slavery was valid, Negro Suffrage in Florida. REMAKKS OF CHIEF JUSTICE CHASE. A Fernandina (Fla,) correspondent of the Boston Ad- vertiser relates the following as having occurred on the recent visit of Chief Justice Chase to that place:— His Honor, the Chief Justice, having been informed that Mr. Adolph Mot had been duly elected Mayor of the city by ballots of both white and colored citizens, but had not yet been sworn into office, signified his willingness to administer the oath. Accordingly repairing to the office of the Collector of Customs, the oath was duly drawn up and engrossed by Deputy Collector W. B. C. Duryee, and in the presence of Major General Gillmore and the seve- ral military officers of the port, the oath of office was solemnly administered to the Mayor. ‘entlemen,”’ said Mr. Chase, “Iam about to administer the oath of office to the flrat Mayor of a city elected by white and colored voters in tho State of Wlorida.’”’ Negro Suffrage in Connecticut. ‘Tho following is an extract from the apeech of Hon. H B. Harrison, delivered in the Connecticut House of Representatives on the passage of the constitutional amendment allowing negro suffrage :— Mr. Srraker—As a member of this House, f doom it wise at this time to let the the people of Connecticut— the white voters of Connectict—decide whether they will accept this amendment or not. Therefore, for that reason alone, if there were no other, I would vate ‘‘yes”” ‘on the queston now before the House. As one of the _—. The advance of the army from Mobile upward, was fhe occasion for the flight of nearly ull the colored people from their homes. The roads are filled with thousands upon thousands, The exodus of olden time was nothing compared Yrith this, But when I apeak of the suffering endured by them, I must acknowledge that it weakens me. I am hardly able fo tell it, Many have starved to death in their light. Mothers, exhaust themselves, left their children on the roadside to die. Soldiers have paused in their march, and with Kindly souls, dug graves in which to bury them. The old slayeholders, conf by. the defeat of their armies, mad at the loss of “their property,” impoverished and humbled, give but little mercy to the peo- whose lives they formerly held. I see freedmen Avery day who come. scarred, mangled, bleeding from the brutal treatment of thelr oppressors. "There never was sated to any people #0 vaxt afield for the exercise of nevolence as {8 presented here In the South to-day, 0 the good Christian people of this world. Will you be kind ‘Snough simply. to Ist these facts be, Known throughout the North. Iam sure they will speak for themselves. I wish I had clothing for thirty thousand people at this moment. Tloare Montgomery to-day, and will enlarge on this aad picture from there. [ am, in great haste, very truly yours, ito a's W. CONWAY, General Superintendent Freedinen. Tho negro is one of the great questions which it has now become the duty of the country to settle forever. Slavery is dead, and upon the ruins of this last vestige ‘of barbarism it is now the great duty of tho American people to build up a race fit to enjoy the privileges of a citizenship which cannot long be withheld. The Negro in Tennessee. The lower branch of the Tennessee Legislature has passed a bill fixing and regulating the condition of freed- men and free persons of color. It consists of sixte:n sections, which embrace the following provisions:— Tho first establishes the relation of matrimony among of color ona legal basis, but forbids marriage between a white person anda negro, mulatto or person of mixed blood. The second extends the law of divorce to colored ne. The third declares that laws in force for the benefit of married women and children shall apply to people of color, provided that colored children shall not be admitted into tho same public schools with white children. The fourth section ap- plies the jaws affecting the relations of guardian and ward to colored people. The fifth and sixth sections provide that the county courts may bind out the children of free persons of color, whether they be orphans or otherwise; ‘and they may be bound to white persons at the option of the court. e seventh section provides that no con- tract betwoen a white and colored porson shall be bind- ing unless it is made in writing and witnessed by a whito person. The eighth section, b sides making crimes com- mitted by free persons of color capital in cases where they would be capital if committed by white persons, adds that a rape on @ white woman, or an attempt at rape on a white female, under twelve years of age, will be punished with death by hanging. The ninth section a that for all other crimes and misdemeanors free persons of color shall be tried in the same way and punished to the same extent as white persons, pro- vided that they may in against each State cases hs ‘ “4 oa -Vagrancy free persons color wi imprisonment, after conviction before @ Justice of the Peace; and on failure to pay the jail fees the culprit may be hired out to the highest bidder, after due notice. Section seven punishes with fine any housekeeper who shall harbor any vagrant negro. The twelfth section ap- plies tho Poor laws affecting white people to the free peo- ple of color, and adds a proviso for the rendition to other counties and of the poor and indigent free per- sons of color, The thirteenth section applies the laws of bastardy to free of color, The fourteenth section Iie parsons of color, of age, shall, im- of the act, have their names of the County Court Clerk, and receive @ certificate A hoe oo ; home see Lens free persons of color liv! er as man ant ‘wile to come forward at once and 60 married accordin, to law. The sixteenth and last section declares that ai Jaws inconsistent with the provisions of this act are ‘horeby repealed. PETITION PROM THE COLORED CITIZENS OF TENNES- SEE TO THE GENERAL ASSKMBLY. ‘To the Guwrmat. Asumweiy or THe Stats or Taxx@enn :— Wo, the undersigned petitioners—American citizens of African descent, and residents of Tennesseo—do most Fospecttully ‘ask a patient hearing of your honorable iy in rogard to matters deeply affecting the future condition of our unfortunate and long suffering race. First of all, however, we would say that werds are too ‘weak to wil how profoundly ‘ul we are to the good People ot Tennessee for theiralmoat ubanimnous ratification ot amended constitution, by which act all the slaves 4m our State are declared forever free. It seems that s = therefore ordered the children to be given to the people, I would voto for the amendmont, because Iam in favor of abolishing slavery in Connecticut. Whether we can roach {t elsewhere or not, we can reach it hero, and I am in favor of cutting it up here, root and branch. You say that slavery has beon abolished in this I deny It. The nogro in Connecticut is toler- atod—he is not free. Reluctantly you have yielded to the slave, one after another, some of the attributes of a free man; the most precious of them all you still re- fuse him. 'You no longer whip him; you no longor soli him; you no longer refuse to let him eat his own bread in the sweat of bis own brow; but that groat right which 4s the essence of citizenship ‘in a free commonwealth; THE FIRST ANTI-SLAVBRY NEWSPAPER. The first anti-slavery newspaper ever printed in Ten- nesseo was published by Benjamin Lundy, printer, in Greenville, East Tennessee, about the year 1815, Green- ville then contained about ‘two hundred inhabitants, The Future of the Negro. [From the Memphis Bulletin, May 30.) An intelligent Southern gentleman, residont in Missis- sippi, has ished the following article on a topic of special interest at the present time. We commend his suggestions as ¢ ly noteworthy as emanating from ‘pe N/ that right which is the defence and guaranteo of all & Southern man by Dirth, education and continuous resl- | ctherg; the right to be, a8 & mun, absolutely equal to every other man before the law; the right to exert the influence of a free man in the choice of his own rulers, and in moulding the laws by which he is governed—this right you still refuse to deliver to the black man. There- fore I say he is not yet free. Views of the Southern Press. THE CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT IN KENTUCKY. [From the Louisville Journal, May 26.) The conviction of the expediency ‘and necessity of ratifying the constitutional amendment is, wo think, ‘everywhere gaining ground in this State, Tho best an moat enlightened friends of Kentucky are rapidly wheel- ing into line and putting their shoulders to the wheel to mash on the great work of ridding the State of an incu- Bus anda nuisance. Slavery in Kentucky is now noithor one thing nor another. It is nvithor, fish, flesh nor fowl, The negroes are just free enough to be of’ no use to their masters; but not free enough to relieve those masters of their responsibilities. The masters, therefore, have all the hardships, but none of the benefits of the system of slave labor. THE NEGRO’S rRdsPEcTS. From the Richmond Commercial Bulletin, May 23.) jo humane man can fail to have adeep interest im these. It is a great mistake to suppose that the respecta- ble people of the South do not feel it as strongly as the most zealous abolition'sts. Hatred of the colored race is a sentiment entertained by none but the lowest parteis of our population, or by those who have been peculiarly annoyed by the management of servants, The general feeling is one of kindness and compassion, as evinced by the ol fulness with which owners, even in indigent circumstances, havo, for a series of years, maintained old wervanta incapable of labor. * * * The military authorities who have been put inc! of the matter have very wisely determined to act on the old copybook proverb—‘‘Idieness produces want, vice and misery.” Disregarding all thoories, they treat those long habituated to act undor the control of others as in astate of pupilage which absolutely demands constant superintendence and coercion. They know that nothing Dut the most strenuous industry can preserve the blacks from starvation, and that even industry, in many aie railing. The officers insist that they shall There is one point, however, which is referred to in this communication to which we wonld call special at- tention, and that is the intimation that wealthy land- holders, who have lost nothing by the war but their ne- groes, may combine—are combining—to get the serviocs of the negro as an employe, to the end that he may be brought in debt te them at the end of every year, and thus they = his labor with less responsibility and compensation when he was a slave. This is not the first time we have heard such an intimation. We should much lament the adoption of any such scheme. The negro has rights in his present position which no fair- minded man should seek to deprive him of. Those rights are to work for a living and to enjoy the proceeds of his Jabor, These ho must have in any condition which may be allotted him in future, and we presume the Freed- men’s Bureau, of which General Howard is chief, will see that these privileges are fully accorded him. We have plenty of land to till. We need the negro’s labor. In fact, the great need of the Southern States at the present time is labor. Wecan use profitably for both the white and black all the labor that there now is in the Southern States. When this shall cease tobe the case—when the negro is no longer needed to till our fair flelds—why then he may be encouraged to go over mto Mexico, where his soldierly qualities may be made use of to the driving out of the French. When that is done, as there is no projudice against caste in tha repab- lic, the nogro may rise to hich positions in tho rtate whose peace shall“ have been secured Lea his valor, and by intermarrying with Mexican damsels a better race may be substituted for the nt degenerated Mexi- cans, and a free republic established, which may remain as our next door neighbor until tn the rapid growth of our great coun! the Angi on race | need a new theatre for the palsy. of its tremendous energy and power, and then, as all history proves, the weaker race will have to get out of our way. THE NEGRO—WHAT SHALL WE DO WITH HIM? Two clases have changed ther relationship to the govern- meut since the war began. One cl ‘Up arms place pdfs eharusl, eels ahr And, unless pardoned, must suffer the penalty for treason, ‘The other clams was released from bondage, and now wander about utterly stupetied by transition from sla- reedom, All seem will very tot \d even anxious to talk ggent policies to be beach Are go gad in cities, leaving the lands, on the febel; nud noone feary undue excftement from the dicus: | Produce, of which their subsistence depends, unculti- ‘But as soon wa the negro’é case is mentioned | vated. They will not permit them to lounge about the sion Of them. all raise their hands in hol; ly horror and cry out inst cre- | streets in complete idleness, but compel them to find ating excitement, Why not excite this subject?’ Who are we nable tral of “Certainly atthe vangalabed rebel nor the ber” | fo"hnd work. they have furaished_ them, provisions, “Ata public meeting held by the old citizens of this seott These regulations should be enforced strictly, but not not long ago the negro question wasdropped like a harshly nor cruelly. serpent Knowing tributed their grea! Southern men, and, indeed, all men, should earnestly i: Geeta oa ot au on Paget - aid in their execution, as affording the only security deze, and sald ak ¢ ag ase apes fe, against a pauperism hitherto unknown im this count and confined to the dense population of Kurope. * © meeting to continue the negro as Ssonal interest cannot be doubted, but that a disloyal seu- Lat all their real well-wishers forget, for the Riment prompted the desire is not | papmreey A great ‘umber | all thoories about the social equality oes the mitegs of the people in the Northern States seem to be actuated by | the nogroes, and apply themselves to relieve their actual the same motive, if we are to judge from their carefully | physical wanta, and cure their actual and acknowledged pact alegre ay of the negro. They | defects of character. Every lover of his race, whatever imagine that their heretofore ve trade with the South- a ; ern States would be diminished by the idle and thriftiess | may have been his gd opinions, must desire that these diaponition of thi frican race if colonized to themselves. ‘wise measures should succeed, and Onally enable those Manufacturers East ai jucers West imagine that if the to who have taken the negro under their special keeping realize their mest sanguine expectations. THE ELECTIVE FRANCHISE. nd prod negro fa put to himself he will not roquire their asxistance as heretofore in furnishing hun with implementa and subsist- fore ence in exchan; rice and cotton. Therefore we find an unwillingn tire North, notwithstanding ite the Ni leans May Donated disinterested ee io mate im colored man fa every Just One time the bi of aaah Bites 4 Inno, Fee Tree os Ione tan eeuan Woon tees whose constitution refuses the ahome, and New large planters of the South were the prime movers of ye bel begro a home, the secemsion scheme; lawyers, doctors, mechanios, mer. | York, where, negroes few in number and as in Cinas were twnyed and controlied by them; | general thing, are 1e privilege of voting if they their favorite project of establis! es freehold pi y of two hundred fifty lollars, are discussiug juestion whether or not they fa hing @ negro failed, we find them with full peti q Se eee ey eee te fall pees make the recently emanct “hele proper Ue oolly headed spelien, | States the qualified voters thereof, with sare ce ten ox A veaded fi 7 fonh hundreds of acres fence and caetermtis cabli clusion of white men therefrom. ‘Without discussing the abstract propriety of this mea- fence nothing remains but to exercive a little shrewd managemen they by the decision of men to have the negre left unprovided, fo sting and loathsome the returning sense of justice has at length awakened the great iy of the American people to make amends for auprovoked wrongs committed against us for over two hundred years. In our new relation our responsi. Dility and requirements are already very dil it to what they have heretofore been; but of this we do not complain. We are proud of the opportunity at all times, and under all circumstances, to do our uttermost in support of the government, both State and national. We know the burdens of citizen- ship, and are ready to bear them. We know the duties of the good citizen, and are ready to perform them cheer- fully, Thorefore we humbly and repectiully petition your honorable body t place us in a position in which ‘we can discharge those duties more effectually, namely: right to Use the elective franchise, and to testify upon oath to the trath in the several courts of our State, We do not ask for the privileges wishing to shun the obligations imposed uj us by them. More than two hundred thousand of our brethren are today forming military duty in the ranks of the Union army. jousands of them have already died in battle, or per. {shed by a cruel martyrdom for the sake of the Union, and wo are ready and willing to sacrifice more. But what higher order of citizen is than the sodier? If ty the rebel ar. Bia data der cuca be retarded anit bas ever’ been” 5 the | sition It is urged that if this be not done, tl Prue idenuned “in, reaping immediate it fe — oo white Unio us ttorly extinguish eee, ertited, Se eee agonn asa tee rite mas ot | Ge teten sextiment of as cote va be the North are to be silent in the presence of ‘Now, the 1ce which so far has negro question. unite in always Keeping 1 con, iedea tn th, a, splcuous that “the white man eann: Wwithsland the rays of | been in the South, it ay SONS, declared vertical aun,’ and “miasma from Southern swamps json | that the great difficulty has beon and is Yo induce either while it fattens a though soldiers or civilians once in the service of the confede- to white men, negro, dangerous to Hsonss the question at this time, vewran Union soldier, and the hard-fxted ex-rebel private, Who have lived without shelter In the South for the last fouF rates to take any earnest and active interest in political affairs, There is more reason to foar that the men who have been compelled by tho failing fortunes of their $y ot to abandon the confederacy, will sink into so com- to him. and let us buy a quarter section of land cuse apiece among white people in the South, and we will | plote an indifference as to public affairs, a8 to tical; raise generation who will not only defy vertical Soandon their citizenshi) SNogether yer . and ‘Talasmatic swamps,” but will lant the On the contrary, it has been found that when men upon the highest round in the ladder of s nation’s fame, | ropmerly connected with the Confederate cause, either in ne Iiied_ by sordid, time serving interests nor the one seheming of ambitious demagogues, ‘a military or civil capacity, were induced to take part of ‘Let ua discuss the question and decide their own accord in the political contests of a restored Union, none have exceeded them in the earnestaess of their ‘reprobation of all smacked of rebellion, some ‘tle the negroes to themselves where they may pr un. If we have not enough terri equire more, and it will be cheaper to purchase it at a vei persons and things which or which have been accused of * * * high price than to have another war. about the negro, whi pote poet evita ix hi ith the whi le, | Giving it aid and comfort, We, inevitavle it sarritory at our door prostituted to the Daso | If these viows be correct it, will be. seen that there is purposes of establishing an empire, we would choose to ba no special danger to the Union men of the South which invoke the interposition of the virtuous and irre- proachable people of New York and Tilinois, and other setters of good examples, to extend the elective fran- chige to the froodmon of those Staten, = *§ # & nice litle colored republic for a neighbor. Negroes Voting in Norfolk. [From the Alexandria (Va.) Journal, 3] Messrs. T. L. R. Baker and Joseph A. Dear, of Norfolk, As to the obtaining of justice for the colored man, we of the 29th ultimo, | believe that it is conceded that his treatment by tho colored persons applied ot ' Southerner is far more considerate, under like olroum- stances of interest and position, than that by Northern men, It may take some little time to learn to appre- ciate the fuct that all are equally free; but that his best and truest friond will be g PREZ LABOR IN KENTUCKY. Louisville Journal, June 8. x the annoyances which the slave- of Kentucky have beenand are subjected present shattered condition of the slave system in tho midst of us. Wo have shared the common trouble ing through a revolution in our labor 5 that revolution itself shall be ended, ‘@ new system adopted in place of the old one, we are bound to endure the present daily annoyances, We have felt for months that the surest and readiest mode of getting rid of our troubles is to recognize at once the fe Hil of the slaves and proceed with the inauguration of tho labor system throughout the State. Lot the main- tenance of white and black depend upon their own personal exertions, with compen- n, n the relations of master and slave, and the existing di culties can be overcome. Thore aro thousands of valuable negro laborers in the State who are daily taking advantage of the presont opportunity for escaping from even the agpenret of slavery, the loss of whose service is sorely felt in every neighborhood, who would remain at home with their old masters if a clear assurance of froedom and compensated labor were given them. The sooner the negroes arc set free, as we know they are all destined at last to be, tho sooner will they learn the important lesson of (ran par and when that lesson shall be learned they will gradually and cer- Péacoful and use- tainly, if not rapidly, settle down into ae THE LABOR QUESTION IN NORTH CAROLINA. ‘From the Raleigh Standard, June 1. ‘The sudden, immediate abolition of slavery has trans. formed into wastes plantations that were once gardens. Bewildered by the novelty of freedom, able-bodied slaves have ceased to work. Leaving the weak and the infirm, the women and children, as a burden to those who for- merly owned them, the strong and stalworth have con- grogated in the towns, their definition of freedom em- bracing but two ideas—the one, license not to work; the other, gratuitous rations from the United States commis- —_ cae have been ee scene 3 the gathering of negroes in the vicinage of towns, and also fixing a time at which the gra- tuitous distribution of rations shall cease; but these have had no effect as yet in lessening the evil, or disabusing the minds of the negroes so a eman- cipated of the fallacy to which they cling #0 tenaciously — that the power which has freed them will continue to support them in utter indolence. This state of things, 60 far ag tho negro" are concerned, must necessarily result in lawlessness and indiscriminate thieving on their part, or else they must suffer. Their former owners would willingly, in a majority of instances, secure their return to labor by offers of fair remunera- tion; but from what we can learn, efforts to this end meet with but little success. Surely in the present condition of -affairs—stinted themselves and with prospects meagre indeed—it were hard to require our ers to maintain those negroes who are now aburthen, while deprived altogether of the labor of those who are able to work. For the present we must all do the best we can, avail ourselves of the labor at hand, put forth sturdier individual effort, and confident- ly look forward to a spoody restoration of civil authority for an amelioration of our affairs. Doubtless one of the earliest benefits which will accrue to our people from the thorough restoration of the State to the Union will be a speedy and ultimate definition of the status of the freed- men of North Carolina When this has beon done the legitimate reaction of supply and demand will insure labor to capital and remuneration to labor. Until thon there can be no system, no stability, and consequently but little comfort. Inthe meantime let us be patient and do the bost we can for ourselves and each other. Visit to the Old Camps of the Armv of the Potomac, &e., &c., &e. Our City Point Correspondence. Crrr Port, Va., May 20, 1865. THR ARMY LINE RAILROAD, oxtending from Pitkin, six miles out on the Petersburg Railroad to Humphrey’s station, near Hatcher's fnn, is now being torn up and its available material brought here for shipmont, This road, so long the line of sup- ply for the Army of the Potomac, following it in its “eft flank’ journey around Petersburg, tt will be recol- lected, was built carly last fall by the military railroad construction corps. It extends from a point on the rail- road, three and a half miles east, to Hatcher's run, about the same distance west of Petersburg, thus mak- ing a half circle around {t on tho south, nearly fourteen miles in extent, and with a varied distance from the city of three to five miles. Throughout its whole longth it lies about half a mile tothe rear of our main line of works for the investment of Petersburg, and directly through tho winter camps of that army. VISIT TO THE OLD WINTER CAMPS, ‘A rido ovor this road, afforded by a train going up for iron, with a half day’s stroll through the vacant, lonely camps, prosents much of interest, at least to those who became familiar with their location by a residence of nearly a yoar ina camp home, “pitched,” from timo to time, at different points along its route. With the excoptions of here and there little patches of ground giving evidence of a weak attempt at cultivation, a blue smoke occasionally to be seen curling up from the empty barrel used to top out the chimney of a soldiers’ home—now occupied by an itinerant negro in pursuit of somothing to do and something to eat—and the three or four solitary dwellings left, among whose lonely walls and fencoless gardens the ragged, palofaoed occupants lead a most disconsolate life, little signs ef vitality re- main over this dreary waste. Widespread desolation reigns unbroken fora space of nearly twenty miles in length, and four to six in breadth. Long lines of breast- works, with intermodiate forts, and great stretches of corduroy roads, lasting monuments of long, weary months of hard work, accomplished by our faithful and hardy soldiers, form the outlines of the picture, and intermin- able groups of vacaut, unroofed log tenements furnish the filling up. The country here is noarly level. A slight elevation at Warren station, along which rans the old line of the Weldon Railroad, affords the most extensive view to be had at any one point, except from the tall frame lookout constructed for that purpose. In the entire absence of tim- ber, cut for soldiers’ fires, tho eye takes in from that lo- cality the whole stretch of aandy plain from the lower end of the cavalry camp, a mile or more east of the Jerusalem plank road, west to Hatcher's run, ten miles, and from away beyond our works down towards Petersburg, half way to Reams’ station, south nearly as great a distance. Probably nowhere in the track of the armies,can a spot of like extent, more completely “subjugated” than this be found. AT WIRNEY’S STATION, whore at one time the lamentod general whose name it bears had the prettiest headquarter camp in oither army, and down over tho sloping flelds, where all winter long stood the artillery and wagon trains of the Ninth corps, a surprising crop of winter whoat is now out in full head, giving promise of a yicld at least worth harvesting. Itis probably the product of a crop then noarly ready for gathering, trodden in on our first occupancy of the place, nearly a year ago. AT MEADR’S STATION, 80 named from its proximity at that time to army head- quarters, the litle Gothic charch of the Christian Com- mission, that beautiful gem of rustic 80 much ad- mired se he 80 often oi pea to bs moe “ = Bewspaper iptions, cuts an bhotograp) like a fai Tul sentinel still stands ‘“‘all alone in ite glory,’ only of its muslin roof and its tasteful rustic pulpit, which has been carried North with a view to enhance tho resources of the Commission for doing good by its exhibition or sale, Amilo further on we through the deep cut, and away to the Hight, in fall view, is the rebel fort whence issued those dreaded shells, from which this cut, with ite embankment, was interposed as @ protection to passing trains; but the grim, opon-mouthed guns have disap- from ite parapet. Tall chimnoys alone mark the spot above this embankment where stood the noted ‘Avery house, at one time the headquarters of Major General Warren, later a signal station, and aver point of interest from its exposure to rebel Is. the army passed on, the incend! torch of t itraggier destroyed what was left combustible of this house and ite surroundiny Opposite this, and halfa mile away tothe east, stands tho dosorted house, where Major General Hancock and staff lived so long, amidst a pro- fasion of evergreens, beautifully ‘and festooned along Ci archways.’’ Along this plain, from Birnoy’s station to the Suffolk Railroad, some four miles, a little beauty is added to the neral picture of desolation by wa ack boread of fixcriant clover outin its full red; but ond that point this mostly opt ah and, with the oxception of rank weeds and grass skirting the springs and water courses, dry, may, plains, bare and parched, prevail, THE GURLZY FARM, near which General Moade's headquarters were located, subsequent to the advance beyond the Weldon Railroad, in September, rejoices in active farming operations. Half a dozen negroes, removed by the proprietor, with his more important self, to a distant plantation in South. ampton, for safety, © been sent back to work it, They gag characteristic Southern stylo, in proparii jece of ground for the reception of seed, by the old grul procoss, at a rate ead that would excite laughter anywhere among Northern farmers or gar- deners, tf ‘was somewhat questionable to which of those pursuits the operation Froperly belonged, The overseer Of this plantation has also returned, and, with dilapl- dated mule team, is engaged hauling the logs and wood of the camp to the Petersburg wood market for two dol- lars and a balf a load in greenbacks. AN RXCURSION, An excursion party of ladies and gentlemen, from Pe- tersburg, were just partaking of a picnic collation in the large and well ‘built church at the iftieth New York Engineers camp, near Poplar Springs. They expressed reat surpriso at the amount of labor bestowed upon our Buildings generally, and were discussing the prospect of acamp moeting in’ that and the adjoining headquarter camp of General Seymour during the summer, ye tall signal tower of the ‘a mile further on, would give a fine ie view ofall those camps, wl Gr the rebels opposite, both lines of works, THE NAVY. Visit or Secretary Welles and Post- master Dennison to Charles- ton and Savannah. THEIR RECEPTION BY THE FLEET. Tho Winona, Ethan Allen, Emma Henry, Gemsbok and Other Vessels of Admiral Dahigren’s Fleet Coming North. THE PONTIAC AT NEWPORT, 8. I, ke. &o., &o. Dur Naval Correspondence. Ory Cuamiaston, 8. C., May 31, 1865. @BORRTARY WELLES IN OUARLESTON, ‘Tho steamer Santiago de Cuba arrived in this harbor on Sunday, with Secretary Welles, Postmaster General Dennison, their families and friends, On Monday a salute of fifteen guns was fired from all the vessels of the fleet, which were decorated im the most magnificent style. Conspicuous for the splendor of their dross were the John Adams, Acting Volunteer Lieutonant Alvin Phinney, and the Mary Sanford, Acting Master Z, Kemp- ton, The flagship of the Secretary, the Santiago de Cuba, Captain 0. 8 Glisson; the flagship of Admiral Dahigren, the Philadelphia, Acting Volunteor Lieu- tenant W. . Gillespio; the Pawnee, Lieutenant Wiliam Whitehead; the Bibb, Captain ©. 0. Bou- telle, of the Coast Survey; the Cimeron, Com- mander E. Thompson; the Donegal, Acting Master George H. Avery, and the Potomska, Acting Master F. M. Montell, were all gaily dressed, as were also tho Monitors and the tugs of the fleot. On board the Pawnee the Secretary and the Post- master General were received by and introduced to all the officers of the fleet, including the entire staff of the commanding Admiral. They also visited the fortifica- tions and othor objects of interest. On Tuosday the Secrotary and Postmaster Goneral visited Port Royal, accompanied by ‘Admiral Dahlgren and staff, To-day they proceed to Savannah. ADMIRAL DAHLGREN COMING NORTH, This long expected visit having been mado, it is rumored that Admiral Dahlgren will bo relieved without further delay, he having been in command of this squadron two’ years continuously, and having signified his desire to be relieved tothe Department. It is ex- pected that he will proceed North in the Pawnee on the 10th proximo. NAVY VRSSHLS COMING NORTH. Tho Stonewall fever having subsided, thero will be another fleet sent North from this squadron, The Winona, Pontiac, Ethan Allen, Emma Henry, Gemsbok and others sailed for northern ports last week. The Done- gal, ecm. Oey, Mingor, Cimeron, Wissa- hickon, Mary ford and others will now follow them. Nothing will shortly remain of this squadron, save the fron-clads, the tugs and a fow supply ships ‘and store ships, nothing more-being now needed. NRW LIGHTSHIP. ‘The quondam rebel despatch steamer Lady Davis, the same vessel which carried the Charleston authorities and foreign consuls to Port Royal to see the fleet of Admiral Dupont beaten and driven off, and which returned with the news that Dupont had ac- tually captured Port Royal, has lately been anchored near the wreck of the iro! id Wechawken as a light- ship. Captain Jacob Misdorf, formerly of the schooner George Chisholm, has the charge of her. THE 8, W. PRESTON, the huge torpedo which fell into our hands at the time of the evacuation, and which was intended to run the blockade, has been put under ropair, and will be sent North. From respect to the late Lieutenant 8. W. Pres- ton, who was killed at Fort Fisher, and who was once upon Admiral Dabigren’s staff, this craft has boen named the & W. Preston by the Admiral. Our Savannah Correspondence. Savanwan, May 31, 1865. ARRIVAL OF SUORETARY WELLES. The steamship Santiago de Cuba, Captain Glisson, con- veying Secrotary Welles and party, arrived at Tybee, at the mouth of the river, this morning. She was convoyed by the United States steamer Donegal, having on board Admiral Dahlgren and his staff. At Tybee the Secrotary’s party embarked, with the Admiral, upon the navy tt Qerenium, of lighter: draught, sani teckel thn wa about eleven o’clock inthe morning. The shipping at the wharves was gaily dressed in bunting in honor of the arrival of Secretary Welles, and gave to the dingy docks an unwonted gala appearance. The party preceeded in carriages from tho steamers to the Pulaski House, whence they are soon to start fora tour of sight-seeing through our beautiful city, which now is looking its Toveliest in its summer of foliago. General Gillmore and staff, with the post band from Hilton Head, also arrived in Savannah this morning. The Rebel Ram Columbia Transferred Into a Loyal Iron-Clad. OUR NORFOLK CORRESPONDENGE. Nonrork, Va., June 1, 1865, ARRIVAL OF THE REBEL IRON-OLAD COLUMBIA. A fow days ago the United States gunboat Vandorbilt, Captain Pickering, arrived at the Gosport Navy Yard, having in tow the rebel iron-clad ram Columbia, which was accidentally sunk by the rebels on the 12th of Jonuary last, by striking on a sunken wreck as she was coming out of dry dock, whero the rebels had her to com- plete the finishing touches. Soon after the ovacuation of Charleston, Rear Admiral Dahigren visited this ram, and determined to raise her. Lieutenant Commander Mathews, Flect Engincer Danby, Lieutenant Georgo W. Hayward, Chief Engineer Kiersted and a tumbor of Junior officers were detailed for that duty. Ontho 25th of April their efforts were crowned with success, and the Colum- bia floated. On the 1st of May she was towed down to the wharves of the Northeastern depot, and every exertion made for a North. Volunteer Lieutenant Churchill, with a corps of divers, rendered valuable assistance in stopping the leaks in the bottom of the Columbia. The steamer Vanderbilt was ordered to Charleston by the wes | Deparment to tow this formida- ble monster North, and on the 23d ult., her engines being in working order and feasible repairs made, the Co- lumbia steamed over the bar, was taken in tow of the Vanderbilt, and started on her Northern journey. The weathor was all that could be desired during the passage, and with the exception of Cal = aged seizings of the hawser and getting adrift on the 24th, not the slightest accident occu! to mar the trip. The Columbia reached Fortress Monroe on the 28th ult., after a passage of fifty-six hours from Charleston bar. Thus has noble ship Vanderbilt again demonstrated her wonderful sailing qualities. ‘Tho Columbia is at present lying off the drydock of the Gosport Navy Yard, in comy with the Albormarie, Lady Davis and ‘Aulanta—ah 0 of then monuments of Southern enterprise in improvit navy. The follow- ing is an accurate description of the vesecl:—Length on deck, 216 fect; beam, 51 feet 6 inches; depth of hold, 16 feet. She carries cight guns, fighting two forward and three on broadside. e has two high pee, hori- zontal, direct acting engines, and in smooth water is capa- ble of steaming six knots an hour. Her plating consists of six-inch wrought iron on casemates, and two and a half inches on her knuckle and deck, steers well, and turns with great facility. The rebels thought ‘very highly of this ram, and rated her equal, if not superior, to the Tennessee. ‘Tho officers of the Columbia are all veterans of the South Atlantic squadron, and have richly earned the dis- tinction of Rew | this valuable prize north. Her list of officers was published in the Haran of the Let inst. Arrival of the Pontiac at Newport, R. I. The United States steamer Pontiac, double-ender, four- toon guns, arrived at Newport, R. 1., at half-past four o’clock on the morning of the Ist inst, three days anda half from Charleston, 8. C., for repairs. She has been attached to the South Atlantic blockading squadron since she went in commission last July, and has been doing duty at Charleston, Boyd’s ereok, Savannah and other placos, This vessel assisted Slocum’s wing of Sherman’s army in ite movements last Janvary up the Savannah river as far as Sister's ferry, where the crossing was made, and is mentioned in General Sherman's official reporte. The Pontiac Lan ad up the rebel torpedo boat Gnat from Charleston, with ko. The following is.a list of her Lieutenant Lemmander—Stephen B. Acting Com Nee, ‘inslow and 4, K. Luce. ‘Acing Ensigns—John Ross, Elijah E. Carr. Master:—George F. M. Clark and James ‘Assistant Surgeon—John W. Coles. Acting Assistant Paymaster—Honry T, Skelding. Captain's Clerk—Francis Hamilton, Paymaster's Clerk—Philip A. Bird. Surgan’s Steward—B. O’Brien. Engi md Assistants, Francis Corwin, Cipriano Andrade and Henry T. Bradford; Third Assistants, James G. Littig and L. W. MeNeil. Second Lieutenan! of Marines—James B. Broese, Mate—Kdwin L. Kemp. Arrival of the Steamer Commodore Reed at Washington. The United States steamer Commodore Reed aftived at the Navy Yard, Washington, D. ©., aday or two since, to go out of commission, The Commodore Reed ts un- { der the command of Lioutenant Commander EB. Hooker, § Rap k 4 pahannock tiv that "she bas not bean too, with connected, 7 Rappe- A! Mount Veruca, and gure all iP ‘ern ve, ‘an opportunity to visit the tomb and Hooker. “Acting Master and Executive Officr—Edward Shurtleff Acting First Assistant K. Gaul. “Acting Aasisiant Surgem—John H. ‘Acting Assistant Paymaster—J. J. Duffie! ol ma} it Third Assistants, George Smith, Wai Gron, John Me Allan, M. J. Wallace Males—Silas Conky, ‘Andrew Kirk, Benj. ¥. Hateh, Capiain’s Clerk—D. H. Richardson. The Employment of Mechanics in Navy Yards, dc. ‘The Navy Department, under date of May 25, has or. dered, in accordance with the resolution of Congress “encouraging the employment of disabled and discharged coldiors,” that proference shall be given to such persons as have beon honorably discharged from the Navy and Marine corps, and especially to those who have beem woundod or disabled, provided they are capable of pes- forming satisfactorily the duties required of them. ED FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL. Sarurpar, June 10—6 P. M. ‘There was 8 moderately active stock market at better prices at the first board to-day. New York Contral closed % higher than at the second board yesterday, Erie 134, Cleveland and Pittsburg 13, Fort Wayne 1%, Reading 13g, Hlinols Central 234, Rock Island 1, Atlantic Mail was 134 lower. Government securities wore heavy. Coupon five-twenties declined 3, At the open board at one o'clock the market was strong, and a genoral ad- vance took place. Now York Central sold at 9244, Erie 71%, Hudson River 104%, Reading 08%, Micht- gan Southern 62}, Michigan Central 110, ill nois Central 123%, Cleveland and Pittsburg 63%, Rock Island 98%, Cumberland 4034, Quicksilver 61%. After. wards on the street the market was a shade lower, but it closed frm. The transactions were not large, owing te the heavy rain storm which set in. ‘The latest quotations current here were Erie 1%, New York Central 91%, Roading 94%, Hudson River 10434, Illinois Com tral 123, Michigan Southern 62%, Cleveland and Pittsburg 63%, Rock Island 9834, Northwestere 2434. Government securities were rather weak and neglected. For coupon five-twonties 103 was bid. Opinions differ as to the future price of these securities in Europe. It is argued by some that thelr advanco on the London Stock Exchange to 67} was owing to purchases on American account, aided by the news of the decline of gold to 12834. That three or four millions or more have been returned here. vady is cor. tain, and several millions more are expectod to arrive, It is also argued by tho same parties that the Europeam holders of these bonds—who for the most part bough# them at a very low price, comparatively—say forty cents on the dollar—will be anxious to realize at present prices, and that upon the news of the advance in the gold pre- mium reaching Europe quotations there for the bonds will be likely to sympathize. On the other hand, some look for am advance in Europe in consequence of the en- couraging aspect of our political affairs, and maintain that as five-twentics would show a very small profit on their importation at the presents prices current here, and then with gold at 138 that, therefore, there is little or no prospect of their fur- ther return, and that a market may soon spring up for them on the other side, What the country wanta, however, is not to transfer its indebtedness to foreign bondholders—which only exposes our finances to dan- gor—but to encourage a legitimate export trade, whick cannot be done till our supplies of broadstuffs and provisions increase so as to bring down prices here, and make their shipment to a foreign market Profitable. Arise in the gold premium might tempora- rily produce the same effect as more abundant supplies in rondering prices payable in specie. But if. prices here payable in currency advanced in the same ratio as the gold premium there would be no effect; for the rise in prices would neutralize the rise of the premium. But, | it has not always happened that the produce markets have sympathized closely with the rise and fall of gold, the latter particularly, and the probability is that as the prices of produce have not fallen in proportion to the appreciation of the currency, that they would not ac tively sympathize, with a comparatively trifling advance, Hence with gold st 150 our exports of produce might be stimulated, and at the same time foreigners might be more disposed to purchase our bonds, This, howover, would necessarily in any case afford us only temporary relief by checking the drain of gold to other countries. 80 soon, however, as wo have a new cotton and tobae co crop we shall, with the increased crops of coreale which we may look forward to, be enabled to turn the tide of trade in our favor. At the same time we may calculate upon such a steady development of our mineral resources as will materially add to the supply of specie in the country, and so pave the way for the resumption of acoin currency. When once wo have increased our specie to a point which will enable us to change from paper to hard cash, a large preponderance of imports over exports will be immaterial to us, as the former will tend to the development of our industrial resources, and the increase of the customs revenue, while as a gold producing country we shall be more favorably situated | than perhaps any other nation. But meanwhile we have to pass through a prolonged period of embarrass ment, and, financially, we shall have to resort to the moerest makesbifts and be prepared, among other dam gers, to bear the brunt of a sudden return of our securt- ties from Europe whenever caprice or necessity impels the foreign holders to do 80; and herein lies one of the great evils of our public debt being held largely abroad. Although the volume of business on the Stock Exchangé is not very large, nor likely to beso during the summer months, there is @ more general disposition to operate for a rise than has shown itself for some weeks. But the rise cannot progress beyoud a certaint point, in. the absence of s larger amount of outside spece- lation. 2 The gold market has been firm to-day, but dull. The opening quotation was 137%, which was followed by @ relapse to 13734, but it quickly recovered, and at five P. M. 137% was bid. ‘The shipment of specie aggregated. $1,783,202, of which the Helvetia took $155,000, the Teutonia $693,351, and the City of Baltimore $934,851. Foreign exchange has been firm but quiet. Bankers ask 110% a 110% for their sixty days bills. Money continues in abundant supply at five per cent on governments and other first class securities, Excep- tional transactions have occurred at four and six. | The following additional national banks were eutho- | rized during the week ending June 8, inclusive :— aoe am uguenot. 5 Uncas, 300,000 First 100,000 City. 200,000 | , National Bank Prete | ington County. x Wi , 106,100, 125,000 100,000, oe] 600, me 833. 35383 83] 3853835883383833 : 8388s San; jes. 125, National State. 200, Adams. 350, Cecil, f 100, National Mobawk River. 100, Previously authorised. 234,400, | Whole numbor of banks to date, 1,212, with Amount a issued to national 3.908, t0) banks for week. . ry} Previously issued. . Total to date... dese eeeeeeeees «4 $136,807, ‘The following national banks have beon designated the Secretary of the Treasury as additional dopositori of the public money:—First, Newport, R, 1; First, Manchester, N. H.; First, Harrisburg, Pa; Vena Franklin, Pa.; National Bank of the Republic, Washing D. C.; Indiana, Indianapolis, Ind. i ton, —— ee ‘The business at the Sub-Treasury to-day was as fol- © $208, . 8,143,8 2,452,207 ce. Subscriptions to government loan. . & ‘The Ottawa Copper Mining Company Says