The New York Herald Newspaper, June 5, 1865, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR, @FFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS, jo. 155, AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway.—Ax ALaumixa Sacat- roe—Siserine Beauty. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway.—Sxvex Davourers or Saran. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Fast Wowsx—Biace Mase NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Tux Pxaai or Savor. WINTER GARDEN, Broetvey. —CaMiLie. NEW ROWRRY THEAT Bowery.—Macsera—Tus Assassie OF Apaevitie. ~ v0 WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Heie at Law. BARNUM’S MUSEUM, Hroadway.—A Living Attt- aaton—Fart Womax—Qiantess—Dor, on THx CnicKer on ‘was Hsaeta—Boown Faux. Open Day and Evening. BRYANTS' — ETH MINSTRELS, Mechantes’ Hall, 472 Broad. bs Son (Gs, Dances, Buawesques, £¢.—Live woop's MIMSTRRY, HALL, 514 Broadway.—Ermioruas as, Dancus, &c.—Guernsakina, Tas Patace or Soar. HELLER'S HALL, $85 Broadway.—Saw Francisco Min- ernais—Tux Dying Buicaxn. HIPPOTHEATRON, Fourteenth _street.—Equrstrun, oe anp Acxosatic Enrsetainments—Tux Evixum AMEROAN THEATRE, No. 444 Broadway.—Bacusts, Pamtouturs, BURLESQUES, 40,—Tus Eaton Bor. VANNUCHD’S MUSEUM, 600 Broadway.—Moving Wax Figurgs o Prxsipent Lixcoun, £0. NEW YORK MUBEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Brosdway.— Onn from ©) A. M. till 10 ‘Mew York, Monday, June 5, 1865. ee THE TRIAL. In this morning’s Heratp is published some additional ‘most important testimony taken in secret session before the court martial engaged in trying the assassination conspirators in Washington. Messrs. Sanford Conove., ‘@ newspaper correspondent; James B. Merritt, a physi- cian, and Richard Montgomery, a government detective, all of whom were on intimate terms with the rebel agents in Canada, and feigned to act in complicity with them for the purpose of learning their secreta, testified to circumstances and events indicating the complete con- nection with the assassination plot of Jeff. Davis, Jacob Thompson, Clement C. Clay, George Sanders, Beverley Tucker and the various rebel agents across tho northern border. Sanders, Thompson and Clay wore frequently seen in intercourse with Booth. Thompson appeared to be the gencral manager of the robel schomes, and furnished the funds, Jobn H. Surratt was a messenger between Richmond and the rebel agents in Canada, On one of his trips to Montreal from Richmond he brought despatches from Jeff. Davis and Judah P. Benjamin, the rebel Secretary of State, approving the assassination conspiracy, which was con- cocted by the agents in Canada, and in the execution of which Booth, who was known as ‘Pet,’ was appointed to be the chief actor. The scheme comprised the murder of President Lincoln, Vice President Johnson, General Grant and all the members of the Cabinet, and it was as freely talked about as the woather in the Canadian rebel vircle for months before its attempted accomplishment. These witnesses also testify to conferences of these | rebel conspirators in Canada on schemes for burning this city, destroying tho Croton dam and poisoning the Croton water. It is stat Dr. Blackburn actually prepared ‘an estimate of what it would cost to procure sufficient poigon to carry out this latter design. All these plots ‘wore understood to have the sanction of Jeff. Davis and his Cabinet; there was plenty of money to carry them out, and Booth and the other executioners of the plans were to have rebel comnuissions. ‘Surratt was seom in Canada three or four days after the Pusaasination. THE SITUATION. Lieutenant General Grant has issued an address to the troops of all the national armies, congratu- lating them on the triumphant result of their patriotic services, bravery and endurance. The address is brief, but very expressive and appro- priste. Their marches, sioges and battles in defence of the Union and for the upholding and enforcement of the laws throughout the entire conutry, he tells them, “dim the lustre of the world’s past military achieve- ments, and will be the patriot’s precedent in defence of | Jiberty and right in ail time to come” A great portion of Sherman's army stili remaing near ‘Washington, though its numbers in that vicinity are daily diminishing, the troops composing it who aré to re- main In service being sent westward to Louisville, Ky., | ‘as rapidly as the transportation fuctlities will admit, and | the Eastern regiments that are to be discharged from ser. | vice boing sent to their homes, General George H. | Thomas on Saturday last visited and reviewed the Four- ‘toonth corps, which he fermerly commanded, and with | —Intercet.. which he performed such wirecies in the desperate @truggle of Chickamauga. Tho mon of his former com- mand received their old leader with the greatest enthu- ean. Tho Southern papers are urgent for immigration from the North, and their etatements of the circumstances ‘and needs of the country indicate thas an almost inox- | hauatiblo fleld for Northern enterprise in agricultural,com- mercial and other industrial pursuits i# now oF soon will be opened in that region by the termination of the rebe!- lion. The advantages of Virginia and Texas for colonists | of this kind are particularly urged by the journalistic ad- vocates of those States. A Dill fixing the legal statue of the colored people of Tonnessee has passed the lower branch of the Legislature of that State. It guarantees the sanctity of the matri. monial relation among them, buat forbids their Aatermarriage with whites, All Jaws ip force for the Denofit of married women and children aro to apply to people of color, provided that colored children shall not bo admitted to the schools with the whites. Colored persons may be witnesses in all “tate cases in court ‘against each other, but not against white persone, and RO Contract between a white and colored person shal! be ‘Dinding unless made in writing and witnessed by a white Person. Colored persons are subject to the same penal- ties for crimes as whites, with the addition that rape by # colored man on a white woman shall be punished with oath. There are various other provieions in the bill; ‘but these are the most prominent. The colored people of Tennessee bave petitioned the Logislaturo for the privilege of voting, presenting as an argument in bobalf of their request their unswerving devotion to the Union, in every eapacity and under all circumstances, throughout the terrible struggle of the rebellion. They also instance the faet that more than two hundred thousand colored men are now in the ranks of the Union army, and urge that if they can be trowted with the bayonet surely it will be #afe to trust them with the ballot, A convention of the colored people of Ten- meee, to advance their claims to the elective franchise @nd for other purposes, is called to be held in Nashville | on the 7th of Angust next, The validity of the constitutional amendment abolivh- slavery in Tennessee has been affirmed by Chancellor | twenties becomes redeemable. cently delivered a decision deciding the validity of the new constitution of Maryland abolishing slavery, and @nnouncing that the system of apprenticing negro chil- dren against the wishes of their parents, according to the provisions of the old constitution, is illegal. 4 resolution was offered on the Sist ult. ia both branches of the Kentucky Legislature, to ratify the constitutional amendment abolishing slavery throughout the United States. The fact was developed that the measure has gained largely in popularity since February last. The examination of the students of the Naval Acade- my, at Newport, R. I., as well ag those of the Military Academy, at West Point, is now in progress. Among the members of the Board of Examiners at the Naval Academy are Vice Admaral Farragut, Rear Admi- ral Porter and Captain Worden. The students have been subjected to rigid examination w their studios, put through the usual outdoor drill, and required to exer- cise in mancuvering a aloop-of-war and naval gunnery. In a short time they will start on their regular annual sea cruise. The attendance of spectators and friends of the students during the continuance of the exercises has been very large. & is said that the Academy will shortly be returned to its former location at Annapolis, Md, It is stated bya Montreal paper that ten Southern re- bels have ten millions of doliars deposited in bank in that city. EUROPEAN NEWS. The steamships New York and Pennsylvania, which arrived at this port yesterday, brought European advices up to the 24th ult,—three days later than those previously published. The Fenian movement, the Mexican question and Prince Napoleon’s recent speech at Ajaccio divided the public attention. The London Times publishes the full details of the Fenian organization as recently made known in the Heraxp, France is still greatly excited by the rumors of an emigrant invasion of Mexico from the United States, but hopes much from the peaceful policy enunciated by President Johnson. Prince Napoleon’s eulogy of American institutions has ‘an immense sensation. The Paris Monileur ignores the speech, and the government is half inclined to disavow it. France has followed the example of England in rescinding the order with regard to belligerent vessels in neutral porte, United States securities have recovered materially; the twenties are quoted at 66% 3 66%. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. It is stated that General Grant has accepted an invita- tion to attend a meeting to be held at Cooper Institute on ‘Wednesday evening of this week. It is expected that Generals Thomas and Logan will also be present. Owing to it being Sunday, there was considerable lull yesterday in the excitement regarding General Sherman's presence in the city, though he was called upon at his stopping place in Twenty-third street by a number of persons, Inthe afternoen he rode out and called upen several acquaintances. It is expected that he will leave for West Point early this morning. ‘There was no chance of mistaking the season to which yesterday belonged. It was a full-fledged summer day, and bore reminiscences as well as premonitions of the Augustan era. Superfluous flesh and clothing were great burdens, and the constant flow of perspiration made all feel as though they had “struck ile.” The mercury at noon stood at eighty-cight degrees in the shade. In the full blaze of the sun the heat was intense. ‘The pastoral letter of Bishop Potter and the subject of Church unity were discussed last evening in the Broad- way Tabernacle by Rev. Drs. Vermilyea, Vinton and Thompson. It was strongly denounced by Dr. Vermil- yea and moderately disapproved of by the other two clergymen. There was'a large attendance and much in- terest manifested. © A coroner's inquest was held last evening inthe case of Albert Ainsley, who, as alleged, was killed on Satur- day in Columbia street, by being shot with pistol in the hands of policeman Webber. Among the witnesses examined was Mra, Webber, and the testimony seems to indicate that the shooting did not grow out of jealousy, as at first supposed, but that it was done under the influ- ence of mental aberration, brought on by indulgence in intoxicating drinks. Webber was still alive last night. The police magistrates yesterday committed a young man naraed James Kelley, on charge of snatching a gold watch and chain from the pocket of John P. Thurston, while the latter was passing through Roosevelt street, ‘and attempting to escape with it; Cadwallader Evans, a man aged forty-six, charged with having for some time past been engaged in comutitting heavy robberies in the Washington Hotel, in Fourth avenue, and Anthony Straub, on charge of having, during a quarrel with Jo- sph Wiesman, of 63 Fourth avenue, thrust one end of a * piece of wire down the throat of the latter, inflicting a dangerous wound. The summer religious meetings at Leffert's park, Brooklyn, were inaugurated yesterday; but the attend- ‘ance was not numerous, The National Debt and How to Pay It by Taxation. We have now the official figures, from the hands of Secretary McCulloch, showing us the aggregate of the national debt as it was known to exist on the Ist of the present month. The following are the details Total indebtedness $2,695,205, 753 Interest, both in g 124,638,874 Amount bearing interest in coin 1,108, 113,842 —Interest, 480; 480 Bearing 1! 1,053,476,371 00,158,384 Arnount on wi 786,270 Amount bearing no interest. 472,529, 270 Legal tender notes in circul 659, 140,560 Fractional carrency. 24,667,000 Unealled for pay req 40,060,000 Treasury notes over.... 25,000,000 It thus appears that we have already a debt of over two thousand six hundred and thirty- five millions, which before the end of the fiscal | year, in 1866, will no doabt be swelled to three thousand millions, with an interest of one hun- dred and fifty millions in gold and currency to pay annually. ‘Bhe willingness and alacrity with which the NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JUNE 5, 1865. 1866-67 and advancing to four hundred and eighteen millions in 1880-81, We likewise esti- mate an annual expenditure, including interest on the debt, declining from three hundred mil- lions, in 1866-67, to one hundred and forty- five millions six hundred and sixty- eight thousand one hundred and thirty- four dollars in 1880-81. It is true that the internal revenue receipts for the current year are likely to fall short of two hundred millions; but the amendments to the law, passed atthe last session of Congress, have not yet fully come into operation, and the reopening of the South to trade may be ‘reasonably expected to materially augment the revenue, We have allowed for an increase of the receipts for cus- toms duties at the rate of a million a year, commencing with eighty millions and progres- sing regularly to ninety-three millions, Our estimates of expenditure are of course based upon a peace footing; but it will be seen, by a comparison appended to the tables, that we have made a fair allowance for its increase in proportion to the expenditure. While the cost of the civil service, the War and Navy De- partments and Pensions and Indians in 1859 was only sixty-six millions three hundred and forty-six thousand two hundred and twenty- four dollars, we provide for an expenditure of one hundred and thirty millions of dollars in 1881. We have added half a million each year to the cost of the civil service, and have deducted an equivalent sum from the list of pensions, as it is only natural to suppose that the decease of pensioners would be in keeping with this progressive scale. The currency being an important feature in our na- tional debt, we have provided for its funding at the rate of fifty millions a year, commencing in 1869-70, so that at the end of twelve years only national and State bank notes would be in circulation. Thus, if all went well with us, the liquidation of the principal of the debt might be accomplished without any resort to extraordinary measures in the present genera- tion, It would be premature, however, to take it for granted that the favorable estimates we have framed will be actually realized. To lay down a plan for so long a time, in a rapidly growing and ever-changing country like ours, is necessarily a hazardous experiment. A thousand contingencies may, meanwhile, affect our national interests adversely or otherwise, and for these all due latitude must be given ; but provided we have no foreign war we can- not well see why the nation should not be able to extinguish its debt by the mere application of its surplus revenue to the sinking fund. For some little time to come our finances will pro- bably present a less encouraging appearance than we have depicted, tor our foreign ex- changes are adverse to us, and the cotton and tobacco in the South cannot be liberated imme- diately ; but so soon as our exports receive an impetus the tide will turn in our favor. Mean- while we can safely look sacs) to an ultimate future of prosperity. The Bull from the Episcopal Church— Bishop Potter’s Encyclical- The recent pastoral letter of Bishop Potter, the recognized head of the High Church Epis- copalians of this diocese, is attracting univer- sal attention, and has caused no little commo- tion among the numerous religious sects in people have subscribed to the fund for paying off the debt of the nation affords a true and | gratifying indication of the general desire to sustain the credit of the government and reduce | ite indebtedness as far and as speedily as pos- sible. Doubte are freely expressed as to the | feasitAlity of the project; but in case of its fail- | ure it is satisfactory to be reminded that we may derive, with good management, sufficient from our taxable resources to accomplish the | great end in view during the present genera- ‘ tion. At the same time the subscription project has called attention to the ability of large property holders to contribute more than the common share towards removing the national burden, and this is not without ite uses. We now present a series of tables, with an explanatory introduction and notes, which will be found in another part of this day’s issue, showing how all but three hundred and thirty- three millions of the debt may be paid off in sixteen years without breaking faith with the public creditors in any way. We, however, propose to fund the bonds deposited by the national banks with the Treasury as the basis of their circulation into three per cents in the fiscal year 1869-70, when the last issue of five- We also pro- pose funding the five-twenty bonds, when the option of redeeming them accrues to the gov- ernment, into a five per cent stock. Our estimates begin with the fiscal year 1866-67 and end in 1880-81. We assume the aggregate indebtedness of the nation in the he- ginning to be three thousand millions, and we @beckelford, of the Chancery Geurt of that State. detge Bond, of the Criminai Court of Meltimore, re- calculate upon a public income commencing at | three hundred and ciehtvseven millions in, this city. This dogmatical letter, for such it is, is supposed to have been drawn out by the recent action of the Christian Union, or Chris- tian Alliance, which had for its object the union of their labors and a hearty co-operation of all sects in their work in converting the world. The idea that pastors of Presbyterian, Baptist, Congregational, Methodists and other Protestant sects should occupy the pulpits of the Episcopal elrurches in their work of saving souls and leading the human family into the fold of Christ was too much for Bishop Potter. He therefore seized upon the opportunity to indite a bull, after the manner of the Pope at Rome, to both the clergymen and laymen of his Church, declaring that “things have occurred in the way of clerical action which are contraband to the law of the Church and injurious to its peace and good order.” He then proceeded to lay down the laws of his Church and mark out the line of conduct for the clergy. He took special pains to disap- prove of ministers of Episcopal churches join- ing with ministers of other denominations, and that while they remained in their Church they must consider themselves bound by the prin- ciples and laws of the Church just as they are. The whole tenor of the letter reveals the fact that Bishop Poticr believes in the indefecti- bility of the Episcopal High Church, that it is perfect in all its parts, and that no person can go to Heaven except through the forms there laid down. Forms are apparently everything with him, and the idea of those who have not passed through six months of theological ex- amination to see whether they are sound on the forms, being allowed to officiate in Episcopal pulpits, is horrid and sacrilegious in his eyes. These ideas sound singular and strange in this enlightened age; but it only shows that the spirit of religious intolerance still exis's among the leaders of the different sccts, and that the fire of persecution is only kept down by the intelligence of the people and the horror of the groat mass of the human family at the atrocious deeds performed during the fifty years’ fierce and relontless war in Europe between the Catholics and Protestants, The teachings df Christ arc those of peace and good will to man; it would, therefore, seem reason- able to suppose that all those engaged in ex- pounding His cause would meet with greater success by working in harmony, sitting together in heavenly places, and practising toward each other the principles which they pretend to preach. But such has not been the practice of theologians in the past, and it seems that there is no improvement in the nineteenth century, except in the fact that public opinion compels them to keep their intolerant ideas more in the background. When they do speak out, like Bishop Potter, we are treated with @ disserta- tion on the forme of this or that church—that the death of Christ is of no avail except the formalities of their peculiar chareh are adopted in fall. All others are pronounced fmpostors and heathens. It is the same old idea which Christ combatted in the Pharisee—“I am holier than thou.” If these different sectarian bishops and clerical gentlemen do not exercise charity and tolerance towards each other while pre- tending to labor in the same field, how can they expect the unconverted to have any confidence in their cause or preaching. But the discussion arising out of this bull hes developed another interesting featare. The nearo ea. found bis way inte the contxoversy, just as he did into politics and the late war, and is creating no little trouble. The great question now is, are the negroes reliable Pro- testants or Catholica? But we have no more idea of the theologians settling this point than we have that the peculiar form of this or that church presents the only road to Heaven and eternal happiness hereafter. In fact, the letter of Bishop Potter has aroused a strong opposi- tion among other denominations. A meeting was held last evening at the Broadway Taber- nacle to discuss its dogmas. We give else- where some of the principal points of what was said and done there, which we recommend to the perusal of all who wish to obtain light upon this subject. Louis Napoleon and His Mexican Ele- phant—What will He Do with Itt From the very interesting budget of news, which we lately published from our Mexican correspondents and other sources, it would ap- pear that the Emperor Maximilian is going on with his work of an imperial reconstruction as if he expected to make himself and his dynasty 8 permanent fixture, and that he even enter- tains the hope of an ultimate recognition by the United States from his good conduct as a neighbor and his practical reforms as a ruler. Our correspondents recognize in him @ states- man of great abilities, a man of enlarged and liberal ideas, although his new constitution may be reduced to that of France, as pro- claimed by Louls XIV.—“L’état c'est moi”—I am the State; and they think that, as a genuine reformer and friend of progress and admirer of the United States, by supporting him we might make him a valuable ally. But the master, the manner and the means by which he was introduced into Mexico, and the purposes for which he was set up, consti- tute Maximilian not only an interloper and a usurper, but the embodiment of an insult and a standing menace against the United States, Seizing the opportunity of our late engrossing civil war, Louis Napoleon pounced upon our weak neighbor, expelled the republican gov- ernment from the national capital by force of arms, and brought in his Austrian protégé, Maximilian, and established him as ruler of the country by the “will of the people.” The purposes of Louis Napoleon in this bold usurpation were the erection of a barrier against the further progress of the United States southward, and to secure a foothold on this continent which would give to France a substantial American balance of power, moral, military, political and commercial. So earn- estly, too, has Napoleon devoted himself to these objects, that during the last four years, especially in his approaches to England, he has left no stone unturned in view of active intervention in behalf of Jeff. Davis and his attempted Southern confederacy. The success of Davis was necessary to the success of this Mexican scheme, and had England con- sented to play the catspaw to France both schemes might have succeeded. This is our case against Louis Napoleon. Now, having failed in his efforts to break up this republic of the United States, after having seized and suppressed for the time the sister re- public of Mexico, such as it was, his agent, Maximilian, becomes an elephant upon his hands, and the question recurs, What will he do with it? His imperial establishment of Mexico was not recognized by our government under President Lincoln, nor is there a ghost of a chance that it will be under President Johnson. Maximilian may be the enlightened, liberal, en- terprising and progressive ruler he is repre- sented to be by intelligent Americans, but he is the creature and the agent of Louis Na- poleon, and of his anti-American ideas and designs, and that fact renders a recognition of bis government by the United States absolutely impossible. We would as soon expect Andrew Johnson to proclaim, in so many words, the Canning-Monroe docirine o radical fallacy, and the Mexican people as justly deserving the yoke of a European master, as his recognition of this French-Austrian empire of Mexico. It is probable, however, that, with the absorb- ing cares upon his hands involved in the reor- ganization of our rebellious States, President Jobnson will take his time in reference to Mex- ico and the Canning-Monroe doctrine. We think, and he may entertain the same opinion, that “masterly inactivity” ‘on his part will solve this Mexican problem, if not so speedily, quite as effectually, as a formal notice to Lonis Napoleon to leave. We regard it as morally certain that considerable numbers of the discharged soldiers of the late so-called “Confederate States” will drift as emigrants and military adventurers into Mexico, and that they will be drawn to the side of Juarez and the re- public. From these and other accessions of volunteers from the United States we guess that Juarez will before long be in a condition to turn his face towards the Mexican capital, and sirong enough to reach it, temgecover it and to hold it. The new French Minister at Washington meanwhile is probably beating about the bush to gain time for the hatching up of some sort of a diplomatic compromise, or for a grace- ful retreat. That time will be accorded by President Johnson for a graceful retreat we have no reason to doubt; and it Louis Napoleon would make the best of a bad bargain, he will avail himeelf of his present opportunity for some misunderstanding with Maximilian whieh will compel him to resign, pack up, bag and baggage, crown and soceptre, and withdraw from Mexico. As the favorite “son of the Church,” the Emperor of the French might take up the ehabby treatment of the Holy Father of Rome by the Emperor of the Mexicans, as a suf- ficient reason for his fall from grace. This is the best excuse we can offer to Louis Napoleon. It is @ poor one, we admit; but in a case of ne- cessity like this even @ poor excuse is better than none. Tae Ustvensat Teteorarn.—In the latter part of the current month the Great Eastern will start from Ireland to lay the Atlantic telegraph, which, it is to be hoped, will put usin electrieal communication with Europe and Asia before the summer ie over. Ireland will send on to England the electric shock given in America, Bngland will send it to the Continent, and there a thousand wires will epread it in every direc- tion, from the pillars of Hercules to the Red Sea and the ancient seats of empire on the Mediterranean; or, diverted northward, it may tremble through St. Petersburg and across the steppes to tlie mouth of the Amoor river, to Behrings Straits,and so homeward again by Russian America, Oregon and Canada, or even by way of San Francisco, So will we girdle the earth by a belt of lightning. In the descrip- tion of this mogt wonderful of modern posel- bilities © familiar line of Shakspere has been often quoted. In the Midsummer Night’s Dream the goblin Puck agrees to “put a girdle round-about the earth in forty minutes.” No one will question, perhaps, that Shakspere had the grandest imagination ever given to a human creature. In the passage cited the attempt was to be extravagant—to say what should be ridicu- lously wonderful. And it is a true refiection on the progress of the age that that is nowa simple possibility which less than two bundred years ago the greatest of imaginations deemed the utmost extravagance that thought could reach. Canapa Comme Over tHe Borpsr.—The United States has long been a land of milk and honey to the starved people of both the Canadas, Men who have had the misfor- tune to be born on the other side the St. Law- rence have always crossed to this side as soon as they have reached years of the commonest discretion, or have wanted to earn money, or desired to indulge in the ordinary comforts and amenities of a civilized existence. Emi- grants who, in leaving the Old World, go to Canada through o desire to still live in the dominions of her Britannic Majesty, always get to the United States within thirty days from the time they land. The war, for a time, stopped this human tide; but now that the war is over it sets in again with renewed vigor, and almost promises to empty Canada into our Northern cities and agricultural districts, All this is natural. Canada isa miserable place, frozen up through the greater part of the year,so that it is impossible to more than hibernate there; and its inhabitants consequently feel all the wants and miseries of life in the stunted edges of civilization, And just within sight and within easy reach of such a place lies one that offers to the emigrant and the settler all the excellencies of an old country, with all the wealth of a new one. Is it strange that the Canadians swarm down the lakes and over the St. Lawrence? It would be strange if they did not. Let them come on. There is room enough for all. Now that they find out that the United States is really a great country, as they knew before that it was a rich one, let them put their appreciation in a practical shape. They are stout fellows, and sothe of them in the last four years have showa their manhood in the front of battle, under the folds of our own glorious Stars and Stripes. For the sake ef those we will welcome all. Annexation is a poor notion, as that would bring with it a country we don’t want. But let every energetic farmer make a little annexation of his own, and fetch his family. He can go up rivers and streams and choose his own home. He can strike into the forest if he likes it, or otherwise settle at a fabulously low rate on cleared land, the richest the sun shines upon. This is the poor man’s chance, and let him take it, for every man may see, as certainly as arithmetic can show any fact, that while he eontributes his mite to our wealth and developments, he is sure to gain for himself a comfortable independence. Come on, Canada. Emperors mm Tramimnc—Lrmerat CanpipaTes vor Tarongs.—Maximilian, who is now nomi- nally on a throne in Mexico, and the Prince Napoleon, who merely has his eyes on a throne, occupy analogous and somewhat peculiar posi- tions in the politics of the present time. Maximi- lian holds, with, respect to the Austrian em- pire, the same position that the Prince Napoleon dees in the French empire. Each aspires to the succession, and the promises made in the utterances or implied in the acts of these men show that even princes can appreciate the ideas of this progressive and revolution- ary age, and show that they understand the true price that a prince must pay for a tran- quil reign. In accepting the present certainty of insig- nificant kingdoms princes are often required to relinquish good claims on great ‘ones; and thus Maximilian, in taking Mexico, was under- stood to have given up his chance fer Aus- tria; but he denies that he has ever done so. He only wants Mexico till he can get some- thing better, and then good-by Mexico; but in the meantime he will use this Mexican empire for his purpose. It is a very good stage. He can show his parts on it—show his disposition and his will to do whatever is liberal and right—his sense of justice and his courage. Austria will, may be, want an Emperor one of these days, and will want to know what his character is. It has been the bane of Germany that she has always had to take her Emperors without that knowledge, and in the dark, and so it will be an immense addition te the claims of a can- didate if it can be said that when he was in Mexico he was a bold, just and liberal ruler; he upheld the cause of the people, and established society with « view to their rights, and that he did not fear to oppose even the Church of Rome. This certainty will give him the voice of the people. It is a good sign to see a prince consider that the voice of the people is of some account in these matters, Such is the ase that Maximilian now makes of his empire. His for the govern- ment of Mexico are ered with a view to their effect on Germany, and this is @ certain guarantee of his good conduct. He is under bonds, as we may say, to meliorate the condi- tion of his people in all possible ways. This idea is also the key to the acta of Prince Na- poleon. If this latter criticises the constitation of Mexico it is, of course, not for the sake of the Mexicans, but only to let it be known throughout France that if the Prince Napoleon were an Emperor it would be happy for the people who had the good fortune to be under him, since he would not trifle with their rights, and would give them a constitution a thousand times better than that given to Mexico, perhaps even bettor than any yet given to France. And if the same prinee takes up the cause of the United States government, even against bis im- perial relative, how evident it is that he sympa- thizes with the side of popalar rights, Tue Trove ano THR LeoieLaTURE.—The recent attacks of the 7riune upon the late Legis- lature are easily explained. A bill was intro- duced in which the Trilune people were inter- ested and it failed to pass. The bill was an immense job. It gave ® company the right to purchase all the docks and piers belonging to the city, and arrangemente had been made to buy them up at a low price. The possession of these piers would have enabled the company to control and tax the whole commerce of New York. Those interested would have been mil- Honaires in a very short time, and the Tribune Slows. who edmit that ther make no meney of South Carolina, submits to be arrested “very quietly,” and the lieutenant who makes the arrest meets with “a cordiel and hospitable reception” at the hands of the citizens of Ce- lumbia, the capital of the lately savage State. An officer who visits officially the planters on Cooper river finds them cheerful, and ready te of the common country.” Just imagine the South Carolina planters having a common coun- try with Yankees, Were they not a few months ago to ‘annihilation rather than that We have an indistinct remembrance that one or two of them said so. These same: planters are annoyed greatly by “roving bands of idle and dissolute people, the majority of whom are colored.” The colored ones of these idle and dissolute stragglers are the faithful slaves whose devotion to their dear masters and mis- tresses was to be so wonderfully seen when the occasion came; and the white ones are the chivalric fellows who were to shed one or two of the last drops ef their heart’s blood im defence of the Southern homes that they now plunder. We have changed all that. Mr. William Gilmore Simms, lately very fierce and always tremendously wordy, talks ali day on how to reconstruct the Union, and goes straight ahead, like Mrs. Lirripper, without stopping for sentences, and, of course, like a true South- erner, heedleas of any reply. General Heth has once more taken the oath of allegiance to the United States. It is reported that tat wonderfully desperate fellow, Hood, has sur rendered, and last, though, of course, not least, the bully and bombastic Beauregard is regis- tered at department headquarters in New Orleans. Did he write his own name, and, if he did, does it look like his signature to the beauty and booty proclamation? It ought te look much milder. Tas Narttonat Dest.—It is obvious, from what has been made public in our columns, that there is a hearty disposition on the part of the people to enter into any good feasible plan for the payment of the national debt. We have indicated the idea upon which it is to be done, and we have shown that the people are ready to doit. All it wants is the right om» ganization. No one can give that except under the Buspices of the government, The time is propitious, and it only remains for the Treasury Department to take up this subject and put & in proper shape. Shall it be done? A Harp Ciss.—We commiserate Aldermas Terence Farley and the Common Council Com mittee on National Affairs. They had a big thing arranged for General Sherman. They were ready to spend s great deal of the city funds upon him, 2 Ja the Japanese, and might have made a nice little profit by the operation. But they could not find Sherman. He dodged them; he was never at home when they called, and he is going away without giving them a chance to drink champagne and wear kid gloves and ride in carriages at our expense and in his honor. Poor Alderman Terence Farley! He forgot that Sherman was accu» tomed to marching and fighting, not to dining and wining. Some other hero may, perhaps, be more complaisant. Where is General Butler? ‘TsLeGrarimo CeMMUNICATION WITH THE SourE- Brn Sraves.—New York is once more in com munication by telegraph with New Orleans and Charleston, and will soon be with every other Southern city where there is anything or any- body left to make communication worth while This is an evidence that a great deal has already been done towards the pacification of the country, and that the restoration of ordes overs wide extent of territory is already a practical fact. The South has found war use leas, and it accepts with good grace the inck dents of peace. Laavinc Towx.—There is a general exodus from this city to the country, the seaside and the watering places. Everybody is going, gone or getting ready to go. The upper part of the city begins to look deserted. This will be @ magnificent season at the watering places. The close of the war will be cele brated there, The season commences early and wiil end late. Our citizens are so rich and in such excellent humor with themselves and all the world that they cannot be satisfied unless they are spending at least twenty dollars day at the summer hotels, But the money all comes back to the metropolis again. NEWS FROM THE SOUTHWEST. Delegates from Mississippi Em Route to Confer with the Presiden’ jo Lives Lost by the Land Slide at Columbus, de. Camo, June 4, 1868, ‘The steamer Silver Moon, from Memphis for Cincinnati, passed up last night, with three hundred and cinety bales of cotton. Cotton has declined; middling, 280. @ 20c. ; strict middling, Sle. a S2¢. ; good, 34e. Judge Yarger, Judge Sharkey and Hon. Jonas Hami- ton arrived here last night to confer with the President on the subject of the reorganization of the civil govera- ment of the State of Mississippi. Senator elect Habn, of Louisiana, arrived thie morn- ing. Itt» understood that he will make an extended tour through the Northern States. P ‘The land slide at Columbus proves to bave been leay extensive than was at first represented. There was re lowe of life. ‘The steamer Ruth, from New Orleans for Louisville,” passed up last night with two hundred and seventy- three bales of cotton for Cincinnati and New York. She bringe New Orleans dates to the 20th ult, The work of stopping the crevasse below the city was patisfactoril ‘The blockade runner Denbigh, in trying to rom inte Galveston with a valuable Ch, ee oe destroyed by the United States steamer Sem: General Steele arrived at Mobile on the am, a beon assigned to. new command in the De; the Gulf. General ma in New York. BB LEAVES RNING FOR WEST POINT. There was somewhat of a cessation yesterday in the popular attentions paid to General Sherman. Had it mot been the Sabbath there would certainly have occurred some public demonstration. The General was called upon by several friends during the carty part of the day. In the afternoon he drove out and called upon some of his acquaintances. He returned to the residence of Mr. Scott, in Twenty-third street, abont nine o'clock. ‘The General will leave for West Point at half-past seven o'clock thie morning. The Tarf. The bay gelding Dexter and the bay mare Lady Thorne are matched to trot next Friday, over the Union Course, for two thousand dollars, mile heate, best three in five, in barnees, During the past woek both of these horses have been winners, and have each made a hest in 2:243¢. Dictator, Irish Maid, Gray Harry, Gibo and Zenobis ore announced ta trot tia aflerneon 6 the Ualoa Comme