The New York Herald Newspaper, April 23, 1865, Page 5

SHERMAN. Suspension of Hostilities Agreed Upon Between Sherman and Johnston. An Agreemcnt for a Basis of Peace Entered into Between Them. The Terms Disapproved of by President Johnson and His Cabinet. ‘Gen. Sherman Ordered to Re- sume Hostilities, General Grant Gone to North Caro- lina to Direct Operations Against Johnsto Jeff. Davis Escapes During the Arnistice. He Flies to Texas and Mexico with All His Plunder. Official Bulletin from Secre- tary Stanton, &e., &., &e @ecretary Stanton to Major General Dix. War Derartwenr, } Wasnixatos, April 22, 1865. § Major General Joax A. Dix, New York:— Yeaterday evening a bearer of despatches arrived from Gonoral Sherman, An agreement for a suspension of hostilities, and @ memorandum of what is called a basis for peace, had been entered into on the 18th instant by General Sher- ‘man with the rebel General Johnston. The rebel General Brookiuridge was present at the conference. A Cabinet meoting. was held at eight o'clock in the evening, at which the action of General Sherman was sapproved by tho President, by the Secretary of War, ‘ey General Grant, and by every member of the Cabinet. Gonoral Sherman was ordered to resume hostilitics imme- @ialely, and was directed that the instructions given by ‘he late Presidont in the following telegram, which was) penmed by Mr. Lincoln himself, at the Capitol, on the night of the 3d of March, were approved by President Aadrew Johnson, and were reiterated to govern the ac- Gon of military commanders On the night of the 3d of March, while President Lin- olin aod his Cabinet were at the Capitol, a telegram from General Grant was brought to the Secretary of War, 4aforming him that General Lee had requested an inter- ‘view or couference to make an arrangement for terms of| peace. The lotter of General Lee was published in a letter of Davis to the rebel Congress. General Grant's telegram war submitted to Mr. Lin- @oln, who, after pondering afew minutes, took up his pen aad wrote with his own fhand the following reply, which he sabmitted to the Secretary of State and Secre. dary of War. It was then dated, addressed and signed by the Secretary of Wa: Grant :— and telegraphed to General Wasuixerox, March 3, 1865—12 P. M. Ldetenant General Grant: — Tho President directs me to say to you that he wishes you to have no conference with General Lee, unless it be for the capitulation of 6 8 at or on some He instructs me to 188 or confer upon the President hem to no mili ime you are to| y advantages, EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. 1 minor and purely military matter. fay that you are not to decide, di a@ny political quostion. such quest holds in bis own handy, and will submi tary conferences or conventions. reas to the utmost your mil ‘The orders of Gen ¢o withdraw from Salisbury and join him will probably Sherman to General Stoneman @pen the way for Davis to escape to with his plunder, which iv reported to be very large, in- eluding not only the plunder of the Richmond banks, but Previous accumulations. A despatch received by this Department from Rich- mond says: — “It is stated here by respectable parties that the amount) of specis taken South by Jetereon Davis and his partisans fs very large, including not only the plander of the Rich. mond banks, but previous accnmulations. ‘They hope, it ry to make terms with General Sherman, or somo] other Southern commander, by which they will be per- mittod, with their effects, inclining this gold plunder, to 9 to Mexico or Europe, Jolin ‘on's negotiations look to} this end.’ After the Cabinet meeting last night General Grant Gtarted for North Carolina to direct operations against Sohaston's army. a EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War. Oar Special Washington Despatch, Wasuivotos, April 22, 1865. The report that Johnston had surrendered his armyfis} premature, The facie, as they are understood here, are, ‘that General Sherman met Johnston at Chapel Hill, in ‘North Carolina, to discuss the terme of surrender. Gen, Sherman offered to Jobnston and his army the same terms as thowe granted to General Lee. To this Joun- ston demurred, but offered to surrender his army upon those terms if it was agreed to restore him and his of- Gcors and soldiers to their civil rights as they existed e Defore the ontbreak of the rebellion. Of course General Sherman lad not the power to agree to this: but he arranged an armistice until he could refer the proposition to Washington. Upon the reception of thie news a Cabinet meeting waa held hore last might, and shortly afterwards General @rant leit the city, it is supposed, for General Sherman's headquarters The fact that the rebel force still ander arms should demand better terms than those accorded to General Lee wold seem to indicate that they had something more to bolster up their failing cause than their numeri- al strength and the material resources of the confede- tacy, Their impudence excites surprise and the suspi- clon that they had previous knowledge of « conspiracy mgaine: the President and members of the Cabinet, thi Fesult of which, if successful, would #0 weaken the faith ef the North in the stability of our government that they wwight obtain advantages in the final settlement Mem m of Agreement General Sherman and Gene ston. Between Ll John- Wasminaros, April 22, 1865, As reports have been in circulation for some time of a eorrespoadence betwoen Generals Johnston and Sherman, the memorandum or basis of what was agreed upon be Swoon (hem two generals and the results is as follows: — MEMORANDUM Memorandum of vasis of sereemont made this ciehtecuth day of April, A.D. 1865, near Durham’s station, and in the State of North Carolina, by and between General Joseph E. Johnston, commanding the Confederate army, and Major-General William T. Sherman, com- manding the army of the United States in North Carolina: both present: First.—The contending armies now in the field to maintain their stalw quo until notice is given by the com- manding} General of either one to ite opponent, and reasonable time, aay forty-eight hours, allowed. ‘Sccond. —The Confederate armies now in existence to be disbanded and conducted to their several State capl- there to deposit their arms and public property in the State arsenal, and each officer and man to execute ‘and file an agreement to cease from acts of war and abide the action of both State and federal authorities, The number of arms and munitions of warto be reported to the Chief of Ordnance at Washington city, subject to future action of the Congress of the United States, and in ‘the meantime to be used solely to maintain peace and order within the borders of the States respectively. Third. —The recognition by the Executive of the United ‘States of several State governments, on their officers and Legislatures taking the oath prescribed by the consti- tution of the United States, and where conflicting State governments havo resulted from the war, the legitimacy of all shall be submitted to the Supreme Court of the United States. Fourth. —Tho re-establishment of all federal courts in the several States with powers as dofined by the consti- tution and laws of Congress. Fifth.—The people and inhabitants of all States to be guaranteed, so far as the Executive can, their political rights and franchise, as well as their rights of person and property, as defined by the constitution of the United States and of States respectively. Sixth.—The Executive authority of the government of the United States not to disturb any of the people by reason of the late war so long as they live in peace and quiet, abstain from acts of armed hostility, and obey Jaws in existence at any place of their residence. Seventh.—In general terms war to cease a general am- nesty, so far ag the executive power of the United States can command, or on condition of disbandonment of the Confederate armies, and the distribution of arms and re- sumption of poaceful pursuits by officers and men as hitherto composing the said armies, not being fully em- powered by our respective principals to fulfil these terms we individually and officially pledge ourselves to promptly obtain ‘necessary authority and to carry out the above programme. W. T. SHERMAN, Major General. Commanding the Army of the United States in North Carolina. J. E. JOHNSTON, General. Commanding Confederate States Army in North Carolina, This procoeding of General Sherman was unapproved, for the following, among other reasons:— Forst—It was an exercise of authority not vested in Gen, Sherman, and on its face shows that both he and John- ston knew that he (General Sherman) had no authority to enter into any such arrangement. Secmd—It was a practical acknowledgement of the rebel government. Third.—It undertook to re-establish the rebel State governments, that had been overthrown at the sacrifice of many thousand loyal lives and an immense treasure, and placed arms and munitions of war in the hands of the rebels at their respective capitols, which might be used as soon as the armies of the United States were dis- BJ bande, and used to conquer and subdue the loyal States. Fourth. —By the restoration of the rebel authority in their respective States, they would be enabled to re- establish slavery. Fifth.—It might furnish a ground of responsibility by the federal government to pay the rebel debt, and cer- tainly subjects loyal citizens of the rebel States to the debt consummated by the rebels in the name of the State, Sixth, —It put in dispute the existence of loyal State governments and «the new State of Western Virginia, which had been recognized by every department of the i United States government. he could rally an army around him Seunth.—It practically abolished the confiscation laws, and relieved rebels of every degree who had slaughtered our people from all pains and penalties for their crimes, Figlth—It gave terms that had been deliberately, re Peatedly and solemnly rejected by President Lincoln, and better terms than the rebels had ever asked in their most prosperous condition. Ninth—It formed no basis of true and lasting peace, but relieved rebels from the pressure of our victories and left them in condition to renow their effort to over- thrown the United States government, and subdue the loyal States, whenever their strength was recruited and any opportunity should offer. Mr. Theodore C, Wilson's Despatch, Suvrocn, Va., April 20—A. M. THE PLIGHT OF JHER, DAVIS. Several rebel officers have arrived here, from whom I obtain the following information :— As soon as Jeff. Davis reached Danville he issued a proclamation, He did not then know that Lee had surrendered, All those who called to see him he told not to be discouraged, that he was not going to abandon the confederacy, and that he hoped for brighter days yet. 1 CHANGEM IS INTENTIONS, The news that Lee had surrendered reached him three after he had issued the proclamation, He got it by courier, For some reason not generally known tho wires were not working to Danville, Jel. Davis got the news of the surrender at nine o'clock at night, and at daylight the next morning he left in a private convey ance for Greensboro, N.C. The railroad to Greensboro was reported cut south of Danville, The tlight of Davis from Danville surprised everybody except a few of bis intimate friends. J.D. GONE TO TEXAS. To these, in course of conversation, he said, if hard pushed, he intended to go to Texas, where he was sure and make another stand, When asked if he intended to leave the con- federacy, he answered “No; I will never leave the limits of it, As long as there isa man left, E will remain with him. J he issued orders for Weldon to vacuated, ordering the bridges over the Meherrin and Roanoke rivers to be destro: These | bridges were soon after tarred, and it is now reported that they have been destroyed. Jeff. Davis also issued orders for the cavalry to join him, if necessary, ordered (hem to cut their way out, Wi Davia ieft ville he was soon afier followed by # body of mounted men, who said they had been ordered to act as his ort The Press Despatch. Wasuneroy, April 22, 1865, The Richmond Whig of yesterday says:— For some days it has been reported here that the so. called Confederate government, consisting of Jeff. Davis and a handfol of his oMice holders bad reached Augusta, nd made a show to extublish itself there prepara: tory to flight to the Trana-Missiasippi SEWARD. The Condition or Secretary Seward and his Son, SURGEON GRNKKAL BARNRS' REPORTS. Svraron Gevanat’s Orrin, Wasmvaros, April 2—9 A. M. | § Hon. E. M. Stavros, Secretary of War:— T have the honor to report that the Secretary of Btate passed a very uncomfortable might, but has taken his breakfast with relist, and is quite as strong as he was yesterday Mr. Frederick Seward bas improved within the past twenty-four hours. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. K BARNES, Surgeon General. War Derartamnt, Wasmixcrom, April 22—9 P. M. Hon. K. M. Sravrow, Secretary of War:— IT have the houor to report that the Secretary of State ie stronger and more comfortable to-night. Mr. F. Seward’s condition justifying and requiring it, forther removal of fragments of bone was made this morning. The operation was borne well, and has been productive of partial relief. Very respectfully, &o, J. K. BARNES, Surgeon General. Ald for the Cape de Verde I 70 THR EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Coxsctate Gexerar or Portocar, Naw Yous, April 21, 1866, Sin—To the American press is due, in a great measure, the successful result of the subscription raised in this country in favor of the inhabitants of the Cape de Verde Islands. It is my daty, by order of the government, and inthe name of the King of Portugal, to thank you for| your kind co-operation in thia work of philanthrophy, begging yon will have the kindness to transmit, through your valuable journal, a similar acknowledgment of| thanks. I remain, sir, with high regard, your obedient lwervant A. MDA CUNHA PEREIRA DE SOTTO MAIOR, Coumal, NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, APRIL 23, 1865. MOBILE Secretary Stanton to Generai Dix. War Daranrunsr, Wasaixaron, april 22, 1965, } Major General Joan A. Dix, New York :— In a despatch dated Mobile, five o'clock P. M., April ‘14th, Major General Canby reports as follows: We find in Mobile and its defences on the west side of the bay over 150 guns and a very large amount of am-| munition and supplies of all kinds, and about one thou- sand prisoners. Inventories are now being taken, and a) detailed report will be forwarded as soon as they aro) completed. Tho quantity of cotton will probably reach three thousand bales, and there is a large amount of pro- visions and forage, &c. Major General Hancock reports that nearly all of Mos-' by’s command have surrendered, including nearly or} quite all of the officers, except Mosby himself. Some of Mosby's own men are hunting for a reward of two thoa-| sand dollars, offered for him by General Hancock, who has been directed to establish his headquarters at Wash- ington, EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War, The Press Despatch. IAN 1 via Casto, April, 186s, } The Times contains the following in relation to the gur- render of Mobis General Canby established his headquarters In the Cus- tom House. General Granger commands the Depart- ments, General Veitch commands the post. No cotton or things were burned, because it was said that General Granger would burn the city if the cotton was burned. Itisestimated that from twenty to thirty thousand bales of cotton have been captured in the city. Large quantities of pitch have also been secured. The city is quiet and orderly. Many citizens are anxious to take the oath of allegiance, glad to be released from rebel rule. Deserters are arriving in large numbors. The Post Office will be immediately opened. ‘The wharves and docks are in fine order. The Mayor of Mobile formally surrendered the city, about three o'clock on the 12th instant, tendering the services of the pilots to bring the fleet safely up to the city. General Granger met a most enthusiastic reception upon entering the city. He remarked he had never met} 180 warm a reception in any place before. Three hundred guns, in good condition, and @ large amount of ammunition were captured. Twelve hundred prisoners, sick and stragglers, were found in the city, including two hundred and fifty of- cers. All were sent to Ship Island. The contents of the rebel commissary department; wero turned over to the poor of Mobile. Thirty-eight hundred prisoners were captured in the Spanish Fort. Several rebel gunboats were also captured. The Mobile papers having suspended publication, Gen. Granger authorized E. 0. Hinde, correspondent of the New Orleans Times, to issue a daily paper, and he has| lcommonced publishing the Mobile Datiy News. General Comstock, of General Grant’s staff, arrived here last evening from Mobile, and goes North with de- spatches for the latter. The receipts vf cotton and sugar are light, and there} are no buyers Religious Intelligence. SERVICES TO-DAY. The Rev. Heury Blanchard will lecture on the subject jof the nation’s debt to Abraham Lincoln, in the Church’ lof the Restoration, corner of Monroe place and Clark street, Brooklyn, this evening. Professor Mattison will preach in Forty-firat street, near Sixth avenue, at half-past ten in morning and half-past seven in the evening. Evening subject—*The| Assassination of the late President.’ ‘The Rov. Thomas Armitage, D. D., will preach in the| Madison avenue Baptist church, corner of Thirty-frst| street, this afternoon, at half-past three o'clock. Sub- ject—“The Influence of President Lincoln's Assassina. tion upon the Future”? At the North Presbyterian church, corner of Ninth ave-| nue and Thirty-tirst street, there will be preaching by the pasior, the Rey. Thomas Street, at half-past ten in the morning and half-past seven in the evening. Sub- ject for the evening—“Tho Murder of President Lin- jcoln."? At the Christian Chapel, West Seventeenth street, near| Sixth avenue, services will be held at haif-past ten A, M. land half-past seven P. M. Preaching by the minister, Urban ©. Brewer, Subject for the morning—*The Wo- men at the Cross.” For the evening—“Forgive them, know not what they do, At the Church of the Puritans, preaching by the Re + morning and evening. Inthe evening the ctof discourse will be—“The Plea of Treason for nd of God for Justice.” Services commence fat half-past seven o'clock “Abraham Lincoln, the Martyr President,” will be the discourse, commencing at half-past ten A. M., subject in the Central Presbyterian church, Broome street, two) ka @ Broadway, by the pastor, the Rev. Jas B. Pun. Preaching at balf past seven ‘o'clock P. M., by the Rev. Dr. Thompson. Hon. John W. Edmonds speak at Hope Chapel, 720 seven o'clock. Subject, “Abrabam Mr. Willis speaks at half-paat ten o' lock, or Mediumship.”” Conference at , “Wherein does Modern Spiritual. ism elucidate Scripture and correct Theology’ ? Rev. J. C. Dutcher, pastor, will preieh in the Market street chure . M and hal) the sermon delivered by him on ou the death of the President. Wednesday la Rev. B. Peters, of Hartford, Conn., former pastor, will preach in the Universalist church, Williamsbur, ning. In the evening he will give young men on the recent assassination of our| beloved President Sunday evening services will be held at the Church of the Holy innocents, West Thirty-seventh street, near Broadway, at halfpast seven o'clock, Subject of ser m ‘Vreason. ” At the Methodist Protestant church, Attorney street, preaching this morning at half-past ten o'clock; after hoon at three, and evening, at half-past seven o'clock, preaching by’ Colonel (late’ Chaplain) J. J. Gear, One Hundred and Eighty third Obie volunteers, just arrived from Wilmington, with the fvotiess prisoners from) Andersonville 9 (ree, At St. Ann's charch, Eighteenth street, near Fifth) avenue, the Rev. KE. B. Russell will preach at a quarter to eight A. M. and balt-past seven o'clock P.M. rector at half-past ten A. Me aud three o'clox uttor service for deaf mutes, The Rev. E. A. Washburn, D. D., rector elect of Calvary church, will enter upon his duties and preach this morn ing and afternoon ‘The Prophet Snow will A pe place at three e'clock P.M The Rev. Sidney A. Corey will preach in the Murray Hill Baptist church, corner of Leximgton avenue and Thir ty seventh atrect, at half-past ten A. M. at baif-past seven P.M At the Canal street Presbyterian church, in Greene) streat, near Canal, the Rov. D. L. Kieple will preach at haif-past ten o'clock A. M., and at half-past three P, M. Sabbath school at nine and two o'clock. At the French Church du St. Esprit, Twenty-second street, between Fifth and Sixth avenues, divine service will be held in the morning at haif-past ten o'clock and im the afternoon at half-past three, by the Kev. Dr. Ver ron, rector. Atthe English Lutheran ghureh of St, James, Fif. teenth street, between Second and Third avenues, the Rev. F. Greenwald, D. D., of Kaston, Pa, will preach Jat ball-paxt ten A. M. and at balf-past seven P, At the Church of the Resurrection (Episcopal), Thirty fifth street, a few doors east of Sixth avenue, the rector, the Rev. Edward 0. Flagg, will preach at balf-past ten ‘A. M. and balf-past soven P.M. At the Church of the Holy Trinity, Madison avenue, corner of Kast Forty md street, divine service will be} held at half-past ten A, M. nd" half past seven P.M The Rev. Stephen H. Tyng, Jr., rector, will preach at both services. The Rev. A. Rattles, of Bangor, Me., will supply the desk of the Bleecker street Universaliat chureh, corner| of Downing street, to-day. Services commence at half. past ten o'clock A. M. and half-past seven o'clock P.M By invitation of Governor Fenton, the Rev. Alex. La Vinton, D. D., will preach to the soldiers at t York State Soldiers’ depot, 50 and 62 Howard street, near Broadway, this afternoon, at half-past three o'ctoc! THE HOLY FATHER IN CANADA, Ry late foreign advices we learn that it is reported in high Catholic circles abroad that the Pope will come wo America, and make Montreal his future residence. Lat tors written in that city have found their way into the English newapapers expressing a similar belief, with the, ladditional statement that the Roman Catholic Bishop of Montreal is now in Rome, and is in some way connected, with the movement, REQUESTS OF THE HON. . ae Gornon. The Hon. James Gorton, recently deceased in Canada, bequeathed sixteen hundred pounds to various religious and Charitable societies, in the promytiva of yuck bo oyuaged a yor iaterget wile Kyung hb in Clinton Hall, Astor] THE NEW ADMINISTRATION. mpd ant Speech President Johnson. His Reply to the Indiana Delegation. Treason the Highest Crime Known in Law. The President Opposed Equally to Dis- Solution and Consolidation, &e., &e., &c Oar Speci: Despateh. Wasuinatox, April 21, 1866. The delegation from Ohio haviog retired, the Indiana) dolegation, led by Governor Morton, wae ushered in. Governor Morton, ina speech of some length, greeted Mr. Johnson as President of the United States, and as- sured him of their full confidence and support. He re- ferred appropriately to the inhuman murdor of President Lincoln, and to the confidence and affection with which jhe had inspired the people of the United States, He also referred appropriately to the approaching end of the re- bellion and the duties imposed upon the President and ithe people, and the moral and legal responsibility of those who are guilty of the crime of treason, He said:—As the crime of treason is individual in its character, so must be its punishment. Rebels have the power to forfeit their lown personal rights, civil and political; but they have no power, directly or indirectly, to work the destruction of a State. He then referred to the stutur of States in rebollion, and discussed the powers aud mode lof reconstructing State governments. THE PRESIDENTS REPLY. ‘the President then stepped a little forward, and began by stating that he did not desire to make any exposition of his future policy more than he had already made, but that tt was clearly to be derived from the history of his life, adding that he might adopt the Governor's senti ments and address them to him as his own, and then added :—But in entering upon the discharge of the duties devolving upon me by the sad occurrence of the assassi nation of the Chief Magistrate of the nation, and, as you jare aware, in surrounding circumstances which are pe- jculiarly embarassing and responsible, I doubt whether you are aware how much I appreciate encouragement land countenance from my fellow citizens of Indiana. ‘The most courageous individual, the most determined! will, might justly shrink from entering upon the discharge of that which lies before me. [ut were | a coward, or: timid, to receive the countenance and encouragement, Thave from you, and from various other parts of the; country, would make me a courageous and determined man. I mean in the proper sense of the term; for there is as much in moral courage, and the firm, calm discharge of duty asin physical courage. But im entering upon the duties imposed upon me by this calamity I require not only courag, but determined will; and I assure you that on this occasion your encouragement is peculiarly acceptable tome. In reference to what my administra tion will be while occupy my praesent position [ must refer you tothe past. You may look back to it as evi dence of what my course will be. And in reference to} this diabolical and fiendish rebellion, sprung upon the, couutry, aib I have to do is to ask you also to go back and take my course in the past, and from that determine what my future will be. Mine has been but one straightforward and unswerving’ course, and I see no reason now why I should depart| from it. As to making a declaration, of manifesto, or message, or what you may please to call it, my past is a! better foreshadowing of my fiture course than any state. ment on paper that might be made. Who, four years ago, looking down the stream of time, could have de lineated that whict has transpired since then? Had any| one done 80, and presented it, he would have been looked upon aa insane; or it would have been thought a fable fabulous as the stories of the Arabian Nights—as the wonders of the Lamp'of Aladdin—and would have been about ag readily believed. IC we knew so little four years} ago of what has passed since then, we know as little what events willariae in the next four years, But as the: events arise [shall be controlied in the disposition of| them by those rulea and principles by which I have beer guided heretofore, Had it not been for extraordinary efforts, in part owing to the machinery of the State, you would have had rebellion a4 rampant in Todiana as we had itin Teanessee. Treason is none the less treason whether it bein a free State or in a slave State; but if there could be any difference in such a crime, he who commits treason in a foro State is a greater traitor than he who commits it in a sinve State. There might be some, little excuse for a man who based his treason on his pos. session of sl ; but the traitor ina free 8 ea traitor. (Appl ote ate ) Do} nean by this that any ild be exonerated from the penalties and punishments of the crime of treason rived whem the American ‘The time has ar people should understand what crime is, and that i should be punished, and its penalties enforced and inflicted, We say, in ovr statutes and courts, that burglary is a crime, that murter is a erime. that arson i# a crime, and that treason is a crime; and the constitution of the United States and the laws of the United States say that treason shail consist in levying war against them, and giving their enemies aid and comfort. I have just re. marked that burglary is @ crime and has ils penalties, that murder is a crime and has ite penalties, and 40 on| through the long catalogue of crime. To illustrate by a sad event, which is before themindé of all which has draped this land in mourning, who is there here who} would say if the assassin who has stricken from our Ist one beloved and revered by all, and passed him from time to eternity—to that bourn whence no travel ler returna—who, I repeat, who here would say that the| assassio, if taken, should not suifer the penalties of his erty Then, if you take the life of one individual for] the marder of another, and believe that his property should be confiscated, what should be done with one who} is trying to assassinate this pat on’ What should be done! with bin or them who have attempted the life of al nation composed of thirty milliona of people? We were! living at @ time when the public mind had almost be come oblivious of what treason i«. ‘The time bas arrived, my countrymen, when the American people should bel jedveated and tanght what is crime, and that treason is a crime, and the highest crime known to the law and the constitution, Yes, treason against @ State, treason) against all the States—treagon against the government of the United States is the highest crime that ean be! committed, and those engaged in it should saffer all its| penalties, I know it is very easy to get up sympathy and sentiment while human blood is about to be shed — eaay to acquire areputation for leniency and kindness; but sometimes its effect and ical operations produce misery and wo to mass of man- kind Sometimes an individual whom the law has} overtaken, and on whom its penalties are about to be im posed, will appeal and plead with the Executive for the exercise of clemency; but before its exercise he ought to} ascertain what is mercy and what ia not mercy. It is a very important questio and one whieh deserves the ‘consideration of those who moralize upon crime and the morals of a nation—whether, in some cases, action should not be suspended here and transferred to Him who con trols all, There, if innocence bas been invaded, if wrong has been done, the Controtier and Giver of All Good one of whose attributes is mercy - It te not promulging anything that I have not heretofore raid to fay that traitors must be made odious, that treason must be made odions, that traitors must be punished and impoverished. (Applause ) They must not only be punished, but their social power must be deatroved, If not, they will still maintain an ascondaney, and may again become numerous and pow erful; for, in the words of a former Senator of the United States, “When traitors become numerous enough, trea son becomes respectable." And I say that, after making treason odious, every Union man and the government should be remanerated out of the pockets of those who have inflicted this great suffering upon the country. (Ap plants.) But do not understand me aa saying this tn 4) apirit of anger; for, if I understand my own heart, the rarer a You cae, gd. ple K ang Us, (oe will set it right of the law, in aster. and tnflexible manner, should be executed upon consciot. % intelligent and influential trat- tore—the leaders, who ave deceived thousands upon thousands of tahoring men who have been drawn into! this rebellion; and while [sey as to the leaders pun- fshinent, I also say leniency’, conciliation and am- nesty to the thousands whon) they have misled and deceived. And in reference to this, os I remarked, [ might ha adopted your speech as my own, As my honorable friend knows, I long since took the ground that this government wag sent upon a great mission among the nations of the earth—that it had a great work to perform, and that in starting it, tt was started in perpetuity. Look back for one single mo- ment to the articles of confederation, and then come: down to 1787, when the constitution was formed, What ‘do you find? ‘That we, the people of the United States, to order to form a more perfect government,” &e. Pro. vision is mado for the admission of new States to be’ added to old ones embraced within the Union. Now turn to the constitution, We find that amendments may’ be made by a recommendation of two thirds of the mem- bers of Congress, if ratifled by three-fourths of the! ‘States. Provision ts made for the admission of new States; no provision ts made for the secession of old ones. The instrument waa made to be good in per- petuity, and you can take hold of it, not to break up the government, but to go on perfecting it more and more aa it runs down the stream of time, We find the government composed of integral parts. An individual is an integer, and # number of indi- viduals form a State, and @ State itselt is an in- teger; and the various States form the Union, which is itself an imteger,*they all makiug up the gov- ernment of the United States. Now we come to the Point of my argument ¢o far as concerns the perpetuity of the government. We have seen that the government. is composed of parts, each essential to the whole, and the whole essential to each part. Now, f an individual part of a State declare war against the whole, in violation of the constitution, he, a4 a citizen, has violated the: law, and is responsible for the act as an individual, There may be more than one individual. It may go on til they become parts of States—the rebellion may go on increasing in numbers till State ma- chinery is overturned, and the country becomes like @ man that is paralyzed on one side. But we find in the constitution a great pana- cea provided, It provides that the United States—that is, the great integer—shall guarantee to each State (the: integers composing the whole) in this Union a republican form of government. Yes, if rebellion has been ram- pant, and set aside the machinery of @ State for a time, there stands the great law to remove the paralysis and revitalize it, and put it on its feet again. When we come to understand our system of government, thongh it be: complex, we see how: beautifully one part acts in har- mony with another. Then we see our government is to bea perpetuity, there being no provision for pulling it down, the Union being its vitalizing power, imparting life to the whole of the States that move around it like planets round the sun, receiving thence light, and heat, and motion, Upon this idea of destroying States my position has been heretofore well known, and I see no cause to change it now; and I am glad to hear its reiteration on the present occasion, Some are satinfied with the idea that States are to be lost in territorial and other divisions—are to lose their character as States. But their life breath has beon only suspended, and it is a high constitutional obligation we have to se. cure each of these States in the posseaxion and enjoy- ment of a republican form of government. A State ma: be in the government with a peculiar institution, and by the operation of rebellion lose that feature. But it waa a State when it went into rebellion,fand when it comes out withont the institution it is still a State, (Great Applause.) T hold it as a solemn obligation in any one of these States where the rebel armies have been beaten back or expelled—I care not how small the number of Union men, ifenough to man the ship of State—I hold it, Tray, a high duty to protect and secure to them a repub fican form of government. This is no new opinion. It is expressed in conformity with my understand- ing of the genius and theory of our government. Then, adjusting and putting the government upon legs, again, I think the progress of its this work must pass into the hands of its friends. (Applanse.) Ifa State is to be nursed until it again gets strength, it mast be nursed by its friends, not smotherad by its enemies. (Applause. Now, permit me to re- mark that, while [ have opposed dissolution and sintegration on the one hand, on the other I am equally opposed to congolidation—(applause)—or the ralization of power in the hands of a few. Sir, all this has been extorted from me by the remarks you have and, as I have already remarked, I might have cer offered ; adopted your speech as my own. longer than I expected; but Governor Morton is repon sible for that. [scarcely know how to express my feel ings in view of the kindness you have manifested on this occasion, Perhaps 1 ought not to add what I am about to say; but human nature is human mature, Indiana first named me forthe Vice Presidency, though it was unso licited by me, Indeed, there i¢ not a man can say that I ever approached him on the sunject. My eves were turned to my own State If I could restore her the measure of my ambition was complete, 1 thank the State of Imtinva for the confidence and regard che manifecied towards me, which has resulted in what is now before you, placing me in the position T now o In conclusion, £ will repeat that the vigor of my youth has been spent in advocating those creat principles as the foundation of our govern. ment, and therefore I have been by many denounced as, ademagogue I was striving to please the people. Tam free to say to that my highest ambition was to| please the people; for [ believed that when I pleased on etty nearly right; and, being in the right, T did not care who aseniled me, But I was going to say Uist I have always advocated the principle that govern. ment was made for man, not man for government—even as the Goot Book says that the Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath. So far as im me ties, those principles shall be carried out. And, in conclusion, I tender y my profound and sincere thanks for your respect and support ia the performance of the arduous duties now devolving upon me, Ihave detuined you More Visits to the President. Waswxcrox, April 22, 1865 Several honrs were again occu to-day in the recep. tion by President Johnson of delegations, State and others. The first waa a delegation from the Georgetown Union League. This waa followed by the Vermont dele ation, headed by the Governor. The crowd aumbered about two hundred, of whom perhaps fifty wore Vor monters, The rest had joined in the processions from allthe States, just as stragglers do from an army. oa were made on both sides. That of Vermont neat, patriotic, brief and beautiful, while the reply of the President was the same in sentiment uttered to the Indiana delegation yesterday Next came what purported to be a delegation of ladies employed in the Treasury Department, Not a word was said, but about one thousand ladies, of whom perhaps three of four hundred were employes of the T y 1, the rest being members and friends of the of male employes, passed in review before the joor and out at the other, upon the their respects to the President, but seen by him and the rest of thove accompanied by Hon, S M Note Printing Bureau; Hoa 8. P Register of the Treasury; and the whole procession was marshalled by Hon, M. B ¥ield, Second Assistant secre tary of the Treasury The President wiby, sok hit position, boldly and without fear of mn, in front of his room, near the door by which the fearless advocates of woman's rights entered. The foremost of the dam avonily ti which we ox sani or contradic held in her hand quiet d she would not only the President, but accompany it with @ apecel: sented, bat no speech was attempted. ognized them gr and with smiling sountenance, and bowing ast wed, for a full half hour, Such a creditable array of beauty, health and tasteful dress has seldom been sean dixplayet ju any court of foreign lande; and tt would all have been most ly enjoyed had there not been some forty or Atty gontiomen, including Senators, Representatives in Con gross and private gentlemen, waiting to wo the President on matters of the gravest business Itnportance, who ayed in these pageants, interesting only to the partie pane However, present t The bouquet was pr The Preaident delight the President stood it ail manfatly and and then, when it waa over, devoted himself studiously to business till nearly or quite oat o'clock making about seven hours of bard labor The delegation busingss is, It is understood, to be fa ished up on Monday, on which occasion the President will give a reception toa dologation of loyal citizens of inaurreotionary States. As Mr Johnson waa for so time himself a refuges, on account of his Union priact he can Cully avgperhise with apd goprovigng Wo pleasantly fooltngs of those elmilarty sitnated ‘8 very interesting occasion, and one of more itn» mer most of the receyiions which baye thus eld of facts which oceurred lagt evenin, in the four o’clock train of the New York and Harte Railroad Company, bound for Albany. Shortly after the locomotive took us, the conductor, J. W. Van Valken- burgh, who was standing by my seat, saw a boy throw a stone through one of the windows of the adjacent car. He instantly stopped the train, and, with the assistance of others who also saw the act, gave him in charge of a police officer. The stone came close to Governor Fenton, who was more fortunate thaa ia lady was the day previous on the game train, for she was injured by a similar outrage, while the Governor escaped. commendation. been directed by telegraph to return to New York forth- with, identify the young scoundrel who had exhibited his pre- cocious depravity. Ray, lence. drawings and informatica or LK and inform song Agree —Out of ten thousand regular physicians find one who will Seen introduced Into the. United States Army. cepted, whereon the testi and the philanthropic israted.at te: BRONCHIAL TROCHES” lished remedy for Coughs, Colds, and other troubles of the Turoat and Langs. Their good Playing Cards, «1 goods. tent p Tt will no doubt be ortance bere Senators Harris, Dixon, Stewart, of Nevada; Mc Doug Wisoa, Cutier, of Joummana Norton, and Represen'ats Farnesworth, received in audience, reeu Clay Sim.th, and ioany others, were THE STATE CAPITAL, ‘Confirmation of the Fire pate Appotated by Governor Fenton. AuHaNT, April 29, 1865. The Governor having renominated for Fire Commis. isioners of the city of New York the four gentiemes who were rejected as such by the Senate lust weok, the Senate held another executive seasion to-day, a warm diseussion they were confirmed, all the republicam Senators voting in the affirmative except Mr. Andrewa, nd after @ Narrow Escape of Goveraor Fenton, om the Hartem Koad, from a Flying 8: Arrest of the Perpetrator of the Act. TO TH# EDITOR OF THR ARRALD. Atuasy, April 21, 1866. Permit me to call attention to the following statements —I was a passenger arrested the boy and ‘The prompt action of Mr. Van Valkenburgh deserves He left ua at Pawling station, having that he might testify in court to the fact, and It is to be hoped that the police court will so punish the boy as to make his sentence an example of suificiews force to deter others from imitating his wickedness, Respectfully, R. K. RICHARDS, 22 William street, New York. monk Remarkab effec id DDONT. It is used and praised by every Sold by all druggiate and perfumes infte application, the fragraas ost pola Deatifrice in exit y- A.—Lottery Prizes Cashed. Circalars, Cuayton, ot] Wall street N.Y. Prizes Cashed In all Legalized@ottertes, en. 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