The New York Herald Newspaper, March 7, 1865, Page 8

e] Towd at that time being in attendames, owing to the fot that the procession had not yet reached the ter- minus of the route up town, and the streets on the line of the route, and every available place from which to view the-crowd being still densely crowded with people. front of the platform was a large transparency, with of Farragut and Porter, and suspended upon ‘We other side were transparencies, one with @ portrait @ Hooker, with the following inscription: WILLIA! 0) CHANCELLORSVILLE, TddkoUr MOUNTAINS “ROM MANY 4 BLOODY FIELD THS REBEL FOR EAS FLED BEFORE THE PLAG OF FREEDOM’? ies, sae with ported of Hancock, with the following Hancock leads his veterans, the rebel Be driven the unied Yow, ho fear his bugle 20080, ves un wi feel bis deadly blows. one with the portrait of General Wadsworth, with @e ring inscription :— Sines Vere, She patriot, rho dies in battle, and is made illustrious on tl Doan of Wales § ee Semen Sotewiek, wee te OOOO RECON. ‘Victory crowns the ving ; gratitude mourns the dead ; i his fame is imm i concooenaree rant NN SCOSSIODEY | dy ‘The meeting was the selection of Judge B. N. Bonney as chai who read the series of reso- ¥atious adopted at No. 1, which were received with epplauce and unanimously passed. REMARKS OF DR, LIEBER. Br. Francs Ligoer was then introduced and said:— Fa.ow Crmzexna—When American citizens meet, as m4 thisday, loyal and liberty tevimg men, to cele- the victories and achievements of our forces on land there is one achievement, one fact, which de- 2 praise and gratitude ef freemen and of all the Qartakers of our great institutions ‘even more than the Victories-on the hatile fleld do. Be not fear, my fellow gitizens, that 1am lacking in sympathy for our brave ‘rothers and sons. I am myself. old soldier, who knew this time what it is to shed bleed for his country; nor am I mow unrepresented in the field. My own’ boys are figliting there. I felt as thrilling a dolight as any one ef you did when General Sherman cropped out again at , and shall be rejoiced as much as any one of you will be, when he, whose fearless yet skilful marches Fesentble the course Of thewiver Rhone, plunging out of the sight of man, yet always sweeping onward and emerging nobl.r, shall teynup again in North Carolina, A glory in our soldiers’ glory; and yet I say there 16 an achievement, a deed, or an abstaining from action, more 40 be rejoiced at than the victories won on the battle field. qCheers. And what és this achievemont? I will tell yeu. All men who have carnestly studied the course of wolitical societies, and ‘who have candidly spoken out ‘what their study had ascertained, have told us that vene of the worst foibles of republics, even of monarchies with the institutions of freedom, is this: that they cannot ‘weather large and long wars, which develop great armies and high military geulus. Aud those who suid so were right, according to the course ef history hereto‘ore. Military brilliancy is very apt to singe the pinious of wide winged liberty. “Need I refer to ‘the annals of any free nation or State to show that ths been the case? Did not the briiliant glory of General Bonaparte and his army, in the same degree that it rose jm Italy, depress the hope of freedom in France; and did ‘mot he and his solders bury her at last altogether only +@ few years later? Did not Cromwell and his men ia the camp rely on their arms and arrogantly dictate to Parlia- ment, und did he not ultimately tell the Speaker of the “Commons to yo about his business? God be fervently thanked that it is not 60 with us. We have now had for four years an army in the field which—I suppose I speak within bounds when I say—has amointed, one mouth with another, to near half a million combatants, and mea ‘and officers, too, who were little accustomed to the enticing profession of the military force, from whom, therefore, what I will call the arrogance of the soldiery was perhaps the more to be apprehended. Yet has any oue of you ever heard a single ominous grow! frum our armies? Can you point to a single Cromwellian symptom or Bona- partan frown at Congress? Have our boys, as you Jove to call your soldiers, called on Grant to march on Wash- Ington When he has taken Richmond, and to turn out the President, Congress and all? Does any one expect Sher- man, with his army, which worships him, to set up for themselves, law and institutions to the contrary notwith- sanding? Do you believe that the idea of a nice little Western empire—and it would not be so very little either—has crossed the minds of Halleck or Thomas? Gag the military shown anywhere that intolerable arro- which Napoleon’s officers showed, even within ee, toward high oificers of the civil service? I have Bot mentioned in all my remarks our navy; but yourwill mot think that I” undervalue the deeds of our floating forces. I have chiefly spoken of the @angeraccruing to liberty from large military forces; but the navy has never interfered with the institutions of a free country. Nofree people hasevegpbecn jealous of tts navy on-this score, and no admiral has ever upset his eountry’s liberty, so faras I can recollect now, while mames of Dutch admirals occur to my mind who nobly ‘ood by their country’s glory of fresdom. Yet, having given due meed of praise to our armses, and said nothing of the most noble navy, I now propose to you to con- tlude my words with three or three times three hearty sheers for all our brave seamen, from Admiral Farragut down to the powder monkey of the smallest craft in the end werves Bavy. ‘The audience responded to the Doctor's closing remark by giving three hearty cheers for the navy, Speeches were also made by Mr. John Cochrane, Judge Dean, Rev. Mr. Boole and Mr. George F, Noyes. Quauvcey Snarren made the closing specch, after qltich the audience separated, THE FIREWORKS. ‘The rejoicings of the day were appropriately and admi- wably terminated, according to the \programme, with a most successful and triumphant display of reworks. The able pyrotechnics to whom this pertion of the arrange- ments were entrusted left nothing to be desired, even where so much was expected. Prompt to the minute, the preparatory fire rockets announced that the victories whieh to-day had been set apart to celebrate, the night ‘was now about to take up and continue by a pyrotechnic @isplay unrivalled for brilliancy and effect. The names ‘ef the pyrotechnists were enough to. insure an immense gathering on any ordinary oceasion; bat with the hearts ‘ef the people elate and joyous forthe victories achieved ‘by the national arms, and hopeful for a speedy and tri ‘amphant issue to the contest, and ready to take part in any vation that would assure our brave soldiers in the fleld that the loyal men and women at heme hailed their vic- tories with grateful acclaim; it was vo wonder that laat evening there was the largest assemblage of people col- lected in and about Union square ever witnessed in that historic vicinity. The only drawback was that space alone was wanting. But this wae isremediable, and on such an occasion ever must be. Space is a desideratum that cannot be supplied within the »precincts of a city ke New York, whose whole population: beats with love for the Union, and whose great heart desires to make that love known. The long hours spent in witnessing the military and civic procession—almost \intorminable ax it seomed at the time—still Jeft hundceds of thousands enwearied and anxious to witness ¢he fireworks, ene of tho first pieces of which, designed by Mr. Hadfeld, was a constellation of stars ecrrounding the motto, “Gratitude for Oar Victoriex”—vicsories in which - go many of New York's brave sous have «lied to achieve. How could they absent themscives from sitnessing glo- rious old Sumicr, so long in rebel bands, restored to the ‘Union, with the Stare and Stripes again restored to its war-worn battienents, illuminated by pyramids of silver Gre, and amid the busting of bombs and discharges of rockets? Could they forego the delight.of boholding the ““ittle Yankee ghecse-box" Monitor, commanded by the it Worden,-running alongside of the .formidable lerrimac, and emgaging it muzzle te muzzle, and, one of the most deeperate naval engagements.on record eompelling it to best a hasty and an inglorious retreat, represented tn one of the finest pyrotechnic exibitior ever conceived and garried out by that prince of fire, Mr. Edge. There was nodack of enthusiasm, even after a lon, day's fatigue in the mreets, Long before the hour fix tf for the di Uni ware and all the avenues leadi sto it in raugthot were a chance view ef the firewor jam ef prople. How they massed to- f omoy il ow they breathed in that dreadful) pressure, and they quietly and almost suddenly disentangled and pourgd homewards, Jeaving the square deserted, was almost miraqplous, Mew, women am! chikdren—the Mrong and the feeble—forned that immense throng; and yet, Le ge an. oecasional crush, when some who ould i the pressure no longer made violent efforts to get wl freer breathing space, there was but little jostling. dleed, the crowd was too cempact for the usual “rushing in a strersn”’ to have any chance; and even the “boys,” 80 fond of having a “lark” in thavway, wore fain te give it over. The night was beautifully @ne, and, accordingly, favoralve for the bar pend The commence- rge of rockets of colar and shade; nd “those me they athwaet the aby, were followed by of colqged fires, woterspersed with fire bombs and honorary rock Among of serpests fying in every end su two larger serpents, one in it her, The jafucipal representations of Mr. Risdacia wore :—A motto piece, with the words, “The Pre. ” closing with brilfiant radius with 3 & motto, “Gratitude for our Victories; motto, “Thanks to our Army aud an illuminated design, with the word “Sumter,” and rebel flag cope Ne in the midst of an explosion whjch tore the rebel flag 8 ite place being taken by the glorious old Stars plat nee was | areund. Mr. 's tenth piece represented @ devise, an American fing with mottos, conspicuous which @as the Fy pd Country, One le, Dertiny;"’ also with the names Grany, Thomas, Porter, Bheri- den, Atlenta, Savannah, Charleston and Wilmington. On 's arrangements Mon of the American coat of arms was a very brilliant eteip—commencing with @ wheel of Chinese, Egyptian and radiant fires, closing with the figures of Justice and Liberty, and underneath the Following thie was a representat to ‘ Union Forever, ”’ o of the great nayal @ pegomens between the Mow)tor and Merrimac in Hamp: 4919. or | ImToo ements THE ILLUMINATION. pearance of festivity, at might were rendered quite as attractive by the aid of gas and tapers. In the vicinity of Union square the illumination was ‘son’s building, on the corner of Broadway and Thirteenth the residence of bron Roosevelt, St. Denis ments Hotel and several other estab! on ' were bandsomel: and illuminated, The star Bowery Xavi Bank, besides several other placcs on the east side, were not behind their more aristocratic neigh- bors in quantity and quality of their display. THE CELEBRATION ELSEWHERE. THE CELEBRATION IN BROOKLYN. As there was no independent demonstration in this city yesterday, nearly all that portion of the community which could get away proceeded to New York to wit- ness the splendid display in that city. The streets lead ing to the different ferries were lined from an early hour until the middle of the afternoon, when at last the storekeepers, finding no customers rematning, were com- pelled to close their places of business. The city, in Ses eres roms sree J are ts were as were e 10 the centre of attraction, About five o'clock the tide commenced to turn, end from that hour until teno’clock the throng was as great hitherward as it had been thither ward in the earlier part of the day. The Mayor and members of the Board of Aldermen crossed the river in carriages, and participated in the ceremonies, as did also the Twenty-third regiment, Na- tional Guard, under command of Colonel Pratt, and the Forty-seventh, Colonel Meserole commandieg. regiments m: fine appearance. he streets of the city looked quite gay. The public buildings, Mberty poles and private residences were generally decorated with flags, and everything betokened a day of rejoicing. It is estimated that Brooklyn contributed nearly one hundred thousand temporary inhabitants to the popula- tion of New York city yesterday. The illumivations in the evening were few and far between. The following were all that could be ob- served :—Brooklyn gas office, Remsen street, near Court, which presented a very handsome and artistic appear. ance; Wm. Wise, No. 233 Fulton street; J. W. White, No. 179 Fulton stroet; Chas, Townsend, corner of Mid: uagh and Henry streets; Heury Thomas, No. 9 Butler street. JUBILEE IN CALIFORNIA, NEVADA. San Francisco, March 6, 1965. ‘The day is-observed with parades, salutes, illumina- ‘tons and rojoicings in every part of the State, and in Oregon and Nevada, The Nevada Legislature passed resolutions in honor of Mr. Lincoln’s second inaugura- tion, in which vote the only two democrats in that body agreed. In-this city business is entirely suspended. THE SOUTH. Excitement at Richmond Over the Exe- cution of Beall. OREGON AND Threats of Retaliation by His Friends. Our Prisoners in Richmond Threat- ened with Lynching. EXCHANGE OF GENERAL HAYS. All the Prisoners im North Carolina to be Ex- changed in a Few Days, &., &e. &e. The Execution of Beall. EXCITEMENT AMONG HIS RICHMOND PRIENDS— THREATS OF RETALIATION. The murder, by hanging, of Captain John Y. Beall, under the signature and by the authority of Lincoln, is exciting deep indignation in this community, where de- ceased had many friends. The people have been disap- pointed so often in the retaliatory threats of the Presi- dent that they have resolved hereafter to takethe tmut- ter into their own hands. Threats were made yesterday Looking to the hanging, summarily, upon the firs! lamp pos’, of any of the Yankee offvers now on their parole, and whd might te found at large, and the inforniation being con- veyed to them, they kept very close within the security of the Libby. The good name and fame of Captain Beall, thank God, are not in the keeping of the Northern Yankee. Here, where he was known, and in the coun- ty of Jefferson, which is bereft of one of her most he- roic sons, his’ name will be revered asa martyr who showed to his enemies, in a foreign land, how a gallant and intrepid Southern soklier could die for his country. ACTION: OF THE VIRGINIA LEGISLATURE ON THR HANGING OF BEALL, THE SPY. Tk, eRy . Fripay, March 8, 1866. The fenate was called to order at eleven o'clock A. M. ‘by the President, Lieutenant Governor Price. ‘On motion of Mr, Hunter, the House joint resolutions, expressing the sentiments of the Gencrul Assembly in re: gard to the execution, by the authorities of the United States, of Captain Jolin Yates Beall, and recommending the adoption of suchfsteps as may be necessary ia retalin- tion for the offence, were taken up. Mr. Huyren regretted that retaliatory measures had not been adopted in the earlier stages of this war; and ¢ when certain prisoners in our hands had been selected for this ag hee the orders which had been given had not been strictly and rigidly adhered to. Had such a course been pursued much good would ha wulted. No purer, no more atriotic .and honorable man ever existed than Jobn ‘ates Beall. Hunter had known him from child- hood, and had watched his course until the heur of mar- tyrdom. Had Heall been properly aided by the Navy Department when he in this city last year, Mr. Hunter verily believed, xpedition which he then had planned woutd have ‘successfully released every’ Con- federate prisoner on Johnson's Ish But red tape had baftied Captain Beall in his laudable schemes. Our young Virginian ‘has become a martyr, and it becomes us, if we dono more, to embalm his momory by giving expression to the estimation in which he is held in hig native State. The resoluuions were unaimously adopted. rs Exchange of G: ‘al Haye—That of Gene- rals Crook and Kelley Pending. {From the Richmond Examiner, March 4. General Joseph Hays, of Massachusetts, has gone North under the regulations of the yop Generals Crook and Kelley remain with us for a few days longer. The Exehange of all Union Prisoners in North Carolina to be Comple i: Few Days. (From the Raleigh Progress, Feb. 28. The vabivoe careers inves all been py from the camps near this place to Northeast bridge for the pur- pose of being exchanged. Many others from Greensboro and Sali have passed through here for the same des- tination. the federal prisoners in North Carolina are to be ee we learn, at Northeast bridge, a few miles from W! inington. We presume the exchange will be completed in afew day! Return er A. Pryor to Richmond, chmond an pi March 4.) ‘A. Pryor, Esq., near Petersburg some months ago, sent to Fort Lafayette as a prisoner aud Lat of eat, eevee in this Saad aa per ni a ia, rude, hav’ on parole ankee authorities “iar Beyer looks or if remarkably well, and is as hopeful and cheerful as ever. The object of his recent Visit to Lincoln, in com with Foraoy, of the Phila- delphia Press, wan to ii in behalf of Captain Beall, 0 in obtaining his nm but for Interference of Dix, Provent Marshal General. Francieco, March 6, 1865, 8 Arrived here, schooner Petrel, from New York. Court lendar—Thia Day. Serenron Cowrr.—Part 1—Nos. 342034, 4909, 4027, 4905, 4077, 4081, 4963, 4967, s046%,. 314d, 4223, 4040) 2855, A001, 3313. Part 2—Hos, 400%, 1160, 4060, 3190, 4972, 4978,' 5008, 6024, 096, 4020, 214, spud, 404d, 4594, EUROPE... Arrival ef the City of Baltimore with Three Days Later News. What the English Think of the Ameri- can Rebellion. The Fears'in England in Re- gard to Canada. New Austrian Minister to Washington. THE CROWN LANDS OF SPAIN TO BE SOLD. THE BEBEL IRON-CLAB STONEWALL, &., &., &. fue Iman steamer City of Baltimore, Captain Mire- weuse, which left Liverpool at three o'clock on the after- noon of the 224 and Queenstown on the 28d of February, arrived here lest night. ‘The Cuba arrived at Liverpoal about five o'clock on the afternoon of the 19th, but the passengers, &c., could not be landed until the following morning, on account of the storm which prevailed on the Mersey. ‘The Virginia arrived at Queenstown on the evening of the 2ist February, and the Peruvian off Londonderry on the forenoon of the 22d. The advices by the Cuba, confirming the report that the peace negotiations had failed, and etating that im- portant military movements had recommenced, caused & slight decline in United States securities and also in the rebel cotton loan, while in Liverpool they imparted more strength to the cotton market, although the improvement in prices was but slight and partial, The Phare de la Loire denics the statement that the French government had sent any war vessels in pursuit of the rebel steam ram Stonewall, and says:—‘The Cabinet of the Tuileries does not consider that it possesses the right to pursue the steam ram of the slave States, though by completing and fitting out in French waters she com- mitted an audacious violation of our néutrality, We hope the result of the investigation made into the sub- fect will not be null. It is impossible, indeed, for the affair to remain where it is.”” The London Star says;—‘ The Confederate turret ship Stonewall, of which mention has recently been made, is now at Ferrol. She left the island of Houat, near Nantes, on the 26th of January, but was damaged during a gale in the Bay of Biscay. She has three heavy gune and seventy-four men, but is not considered seaworthy. The United States ships-of-war Niagara andj Sacramento are already in Ferrol or cruising off the port, ready to pay their respects to this new opponent, should she reappear beyond neutral waters.” The London Times, in its city article, alludes to the probability of blockade running Deing checked by the introduction of the now magnesium light into the Ameri- can navy. The Americans in London were to celebrate Washing- ton’s birthday on the day the City of Baltimore left Liverpool by a dinner, at which the United States Con- sul, Mr. Morse, would preside, and Mr. Adams would be the principal guest. The Owl says it is probable that her Majesty’s govern- ment will not take any measure to place a naval force on the Canadian Jakes, as the government at Washington. had explained that action in this matter has been entireiy of a temporary character. Count Widjdenbruck, the newly appointed Austrian Minister to the United States, and formerly belonging to the Austrian Embassy at the Court of St. James, had passed through London with his family and suite, on his way to Liverpool, where he intends to embark for bis ‘Dew destination. ‘Lord Combermere—a gallant soldier who hed done his country good service on many a hard-fought field—is dead. There seems to be some doubt ss to the year in which the deceased Field Marshal was born; but an official record tells that he entered the army exactly weventy-five years ago. The peerage descends to bis son, ‘Colonel Cotton. The Davenport Brothers presented themselves before a Hud dersfeld audience on tho 2ist ult., but it eo happened ‘that the two gentlemen appointed to act as a “‘com- mittee” bad been initiated into the mysteries of the “tom-fool”” knot which stopped the performances at Liverpool; and the brothers objecting to be tied up in such a manner, the séance was abruptly closed. Mr. W. 8. Lindsay, M. P., is again exceedingly ill, and there-can be very little doubt that he will not be able to contest the borough of Sunderland at the general election. The Spanish Cabinet, in consequence of the natural and obstinate opposition of the Cortes and people, has been compelled to abandon its proposal to levy a forced Joan in order to supply in some measure the wants of its distressed treasury. Queen Isabella has consequently consented to permit the Crown lands to be sold for the benefit of the nation; and they are-expected to produce ‘about £6,000,000. capaergetee The Fears in England the United St In the House of Lords, February 2: Lord Lyvepex drew attention to the official sn of Colonel Jérvois on the defences of Canada, by which it appeared that this province is almost destitute of the means of resisting any attack fram the American States. It was useless to say there existed no danger of such an attack. There could be no doubt that the feeling against Great Britain was very strong in America, During the last four years it had been increasing, and recently more importance than ever had been attached to what was called the Monroe doctrine. He then alluded to late events on the Canadian and American frontier and the hostile order issued General Dix, the Commander of the State of New York. It was fortunate that this order was cancelled by the President, but it indicated the existence ef feelings that might at any time produce hostilities, It was a matter for the serious consideration of the government, which he hoped would avoid a doubtful and ambiguous course in dealing with the question. He concluded by asking what measures were intended to be taken with re- gard to the defences of the province. Lord De Gnxy and Riron admitted the i of the queston; but as to the report of Colonel Jervoie, it really contained nothing that was not perfectly well known to all who had taken any interest in the subject. In producing the report he dented that he had been guilty of any official mdiscretion. It was "y fore asking the House of Commons for a vote of mouey for fortifications in Canada and applying to the Canad an Assembly to join in the expense, to lay the information this report ¢ontained before both Legislatures. It referred chiefly to two questions—the nature of the defensive works required, and the measures taken for the orgatization and training of the Canadian militia, Her Majesty's government intended to apply 000 to the fortifications of Quebec, of which the sum of 1,000 would be applied to the works this year, The Canadian government would undertake the works of Montreal. He trusted that ina short time their American possessions would be placed in an adequate state of defence. Lord Denny thought the production of the and the state of things it disclosed quite justified the notice that had been taken of it. The province of Canada ap- peared to be defeuceless by land, He thought the ter- ‘War with mination of the convention a8 to the armed force to be kept on the lakes was o still greater dany for the colonies. Yet, as far as the Hi knew, no what- taken to meet it. The government intended to ask for money for fortifications; but it was at the eleventh hour, {ts application was to extend over years when the works might be required within as many months, Provided Canada herself came for- ward and was ready to contribute her share to the de- feuce of the province, ion was bound fn honor not to abandon her. To see the province that still wished to remain in allegiance to the mother country ted from it, agaist its oven will, invasion, would bean ignominy and a disgrace to which he hoped England aed ~ veya a i atthe GRANVILLE .¢ preparation report was necessary step to take Bevore asking the ire for the funds The re had been at might be required. harged with having suddenly Srranged Ns policy on this question, after neglecting the defences of these provinces for years. But it was only within the last three years that the Canadian government would take up this question. Her Majesty's government had neces- sarily waited till it could come to a better understanding with the government of Canada. The provi, was bound to bear a fair part in ite defence; but, if «did that, England was bound to assist. After a few words from Lord Lrrmatoy, Lord MAtMrsuery os if the government intended to aseist Canada effectually it should have done more than take a vote for fifty thousand pounds only, If the money was necessary. at all it was necessary at once. ps es? whole expendiure would spread over a conside- rable time. y Lord Ettexrornovem thougit that Canada must be earnemly defended by the aid of England would be unavail come at any moment, and it wi government was patisfied wit ypiying fifty thousand pounds to the works of Quebec. He suggested that the government should not be guided by the statements ia be regretted that the { He report alone, bub-comeull tLe ypiwiong gf the Duke. pality, hg kook angi —"Rscdges, a9 1oDg Gy SAISMMD . MAM! ALAS DURIIK mf AR aL atte FS 2 * Peewome brief conversation the subject dropped. The Magnitude and Consequences of the American War. for many years past has been con- boring classes. The sbipbuilders, mer- chants on grin seceelep speculated re ie wants ligerents, tor enterprising as the have been, are only a small fraction of the Brit: community; and we hear of their doings rather through American than any home channels. The great mass (seta ins Ul a oppor aes deep a of rivate society it those in the we would open thelr e wit aatontahaont at aman sala te be rape | his fortune by blockade ranning or supplying arms ainmunition i the combatants. 7 ts, {oie amelan- choly fact that we have contribuled almoxt meces~ sary (0 the spectacle. We have supplied from our own race both combatants at least nine out of ten of them; we have provided the bone of contention, both the orig- inal slavery and the more Sa is cry against it; we have furnished arms, powder, na} ie very percussion caps and the medicine chests; the clothing, and a good deal of the shipping, and of the other materials required. Some of us ha’ me behind the scenes and brought back strange ex, ynces. Staff officers, engineers, doc- tors, and even clergymen haye gone on errands of science or curiosity, and will know what to do of our when half our le set to work butchering ae ave half. But we, ord ectators, sec everything muc} ag the a sbanuatvenee Gar Rustlan and indian difficulties, Three may have been wars ona f copmead scale in the days of Attila, or Ghengis Khan, or Timour; but the achievements of those almost fabulous person- ages no more touch us than when we hear of a moun- tain of locusts blown into a sea and then washed up on its shore. When the ter is quite out of our know- ledge, @ million seems no more than a hundred. But we fare quite at home in this business before us, The lan- guage of the men, the familiar terminations and be fixes of their names, with an occasional touch of mother wit thrown in by oe tees actors, give @ sort of domestic interest to the performance. “America is bearing the palm in at least the magnitude of her war, though we stilt hav: to wait for that marvellous reconciliation that is to astonish the world, Great as she hax been in peace, and great ag she has proved herself in war, she finds it not 80 easy to repair e shattered vase, On the contrary, the vast mischief spreads, and, do what we will, we are doomed to see complications rising North and oath, on every sea, on the Pacilic as well ag the Atlantic coast. A great war is apt to become uncontrollable, because illimitable, too vast for control, with too many igsues for forethought. It rises to the scale of a natural convulsion, the workings of which may not be stayed or foreseon, and which can Only be told when all is over, in many along and sad history. How can we be sure that some of these fragments heaped up or hurled aloft will not come crush- ing down on us? Already commerce and manufacture throb at every beat of that still mighty heart, and the hopes and fears of thousands among us rise and fall as some new rage excites the American breast, or as it yields under some touoh of grace, some qualm of conscience, or some voice of reason and common sense. ‘The present stage of this great struggle is noticeable for its marked novelty upon the tenor of the last four years, The extreme exhaustion of both sides as to men ‘and as to money appears to render it impossible to carry on the war as jt has been carried on, There. will not be for the fature those stupendous armaments, that waste material, and those far more drvadful sacrifices of hu- man life. ‘here will not be ee ey oe Len ea for the possession of certain points, whether in- nnd’ maritime. Both sides seem tn have discovered that they bave made mistakes in attaching an exaggerated importance to positions required for no purpose. We have, then, before us the alternatives of a peace or a war carried on more in the open country, either guerilla fashion or by movements such as that by which ry bas in tact changed the fortunes and the face of the war, Such @ change will involve others, and, not the least, it will be liable to bring forward military adventurers who do not depend on either Washington or Richmond for their resources or their plans, perhaps not even their authority. Such a result is fraught with perilous conse- quences to every constituted or recognized Power, cittter on the soil or at all within reach of this great earth- shaking. We have'no thought of frightening the Ameri- cans into oe—nay, the i#as much ours as theirs; but, if the war it will one day come to such @ pass that nether we nor they will be able to say who are the real rulers of that vast continent, and who are the men whose power, whose vengeance, or whose wisdom we have to watch. ‘That the war must enter on anew phase is evident from the proved impossibility of carrying it on with the existing institutions, or rather constitution, The requi- site levies, whether of men or of money, cannot be made under a system of much divided and even discordant authority. When the President is obliged to employ de- tectives to see that the States do their duty, the day can- not be distant when the central. power will do that duty as it ie done in Europe—by the imperial agency, and no other. Such was ever the result of long wars in times gone by; and the several States in this instance have proved that they are no more to. be trusted than the feudal. chiefs, the tributaries. and allies, whowe shortcomings,” vacillation, or weakness have 80 often rumed the cause which depended on loyalty and zeal. For the prosecution of a war there must be not only a common cause ommon ardor, but the sacrific) of everything that with perfect unity of action. One of the ear. ences of our own great war with France was inion, and the firet result of the Indian mu- tirfy was the transfer of the Indian government to the British crown. A divided authority makes large demands on time, and on that mutual deference wh: 80 much to the ble when comm thoroughly, which is the only pace war can take to suc- ceed. The Americans fondly that the suspension of their constitutional guarantees for — liberty is an inoident that will soon be a matter of history. But years pass by, great transactions take place, and a new generation is rising to men’s estate, under a reign of twig”! ted and in the sphere of one all-absorbing contest. ill the State or the federation be the more important in their thoughts? Or, if they should have # quarrel with the larger bond, will ‘it be to fall back on the lesser? The Americans have already sacrificed liberty for Union, and they may shortly find that they will have to sacrifice Union for a will have to sacrifice that free voluntary Union whicl their fathers framed and died for, in order to raise a Power that shall sustain iteclf at any cost, and hold ite ‘own against all comers, whatever political constitution may be found best for that purpose. The War in South America. THE BITUATION AFFAIRS IN BRAZIL AND THE SOUTH AMERICAN REPUBLICS. ‘We have received advices and files ef papers from Buenos Ayres to the 12th of January. The S/andard, in its fortnightly review, saye:— Tu oar last review we informed our home readers of the siege of Paysandd by the revolutionary leader Flores, and the blockade of that port by the Brazilian squadron, Since then, however, the Brazilian army, eight thousand strong, caine up and invested the place. De‘ended by a valiant #oldier and patriot named Leandro Gomez, Pay. sand resisted every open attack; but the rebels and invaders ultimately succeeded in taking the place by one of those questionable stratagems so un- known in European, yet frequent in South American, wartare. PaysindG was formerly a very thriving town on the river Uruguay; it is now, however, litile better than a heap of ruins, and in the ion of the Brazil'ans. Flores and his allies are full march on Montevideo, where a determined resistance is talked of. The blockade and siege will take place about the 18th of January. How long it will last is extremely diMfcult to say, but from the present appearance of things there 1s strong reason to believe that the place will hold out for Months, It is with the greatest re e that ‘we commence our review for the new year with these ead revolutionary details, but we cannot deceive our readers abroad. The state of the river Plate is critical in the extreme. The revolution in the Banda Orien- tal fs drawing to a close; but Paraguay hes taken the field, and before Montevideo surren- ders it more than probable that other South American States will follew the warlike weer ‘The Argentine republic is, however, in no way conn with these and it is right to call the attention of our home readers to this ae th confound ay with existing. Montevideo with Buenos Ayres and Pay eer Pe. any yo w pe hg cay A peace of this coun’ menaced, no disturbances which surround us; but’ we ‘an have the — confidence in the non-intervention | sm f of ident Mitre, Tho Brazilian Minister, Befor Paranhos, who arstved here last morth on a special mission to the Argentine government, has failod to induce President Mitre to form any entangling alliance, and is now, in com- pany with the Bragilian Admiral, Baron Tamand: con- sulting as to the proposed ‘assault on Montevideo, France. Imperial decrees had been tesued appointing commis- sioners for the Universal Exhibition of 1867 and for the Universal Exhibition of Fine Arts, which take place Paris simultaneously. Although the Emperor's speech to the Legislature was silent upon American affairs, the “Yellow Book,” which had been laid before the chambers, had something upon the subject. The Emperor continues to profess neu- SCHOFIELD, Wierda “oui Organising the City Govern- ghisn fe ww ment at Wilmington. aeeatens SHERMAN'S CAVALRY AT FLORENCE, 8, ¢, have that proper reparation we ibedined ihe Feault we were entitled to expect.” His Main Column Reported WHE VERY LATEST. Crossing Cape Fear River. LivEaroon, Feb. 23, 1868. Cap ' ‘The steamship America, from New York, arrived at Southampton on the 224. ‘The City of Cork, from New York, arrived at Qucens- | The Rebel Privateer Chickamauga Be- town on the 284, fe Ty tincaiaes. from Portland, arrived at Londonderry tween Two Fires, "puropenn polities are untmportant. : he Rey ae. ‘The Peruvian’s news caused an improvement im federal — Mr, James ©. Fitspatrick’s Despatch. ‘Wnuainaron, N. 0., Feb, 25, 1865. CITY ADMINISTRATION. ‘The transition from rebel to Union administration of affairs in Wilmington has been surprisingly quiet. The erento. Liverroon, Feb. 28, 1865. machinery of the new order of things already begins to. Sorrox firmer, but prices unchanged. | Bales to-day | move along as smoothly as if the track were old and well — hic Shoaiiaagacte.cognnyc ik alm iasaie worn, The stores are not open as yet, however, and for BReADerorrs are quiet and steady. the present considerable confusion prevails in private Provistons are quiet, Tallow is still declining. Sugar | households owing to the scarcity of supplies, But alb tends upward. this will be arranged in a few days, when the market- men, storekeepers and hucksters receive the requi- site authority to resume business. It is understood that all citizens previously engaged in business who bring proof of their loyalty will be allowed to reopen their stores, If the teat wore merely based on the condition of their willingness to take the oath of allegiance at the present time all the stores would be again doing business, But General Schofield is determined that only those who have been loyal, and not those who have been convinced into loyalty by the capture of the city,, are entitled to such privileges. As yet no orders have been iasued regarding adminis- tering the oath of all . ‘The Provost Marshal, Lieutenant Colonel Jordan, is overwhelmed with busi- ness pertaining to the government of the city, and hap been unable to devote his attention to the matter. Num- bers of the citizens have already waited upon him to subscribe to the oath, and as far as we can estimate it is reasonable to believe that nine-tenths of the inhabit- ants are’ willing to give this proof of their loyalty. 7 would in this connection state that prominent citizens, embracing Mayor Dawson and the Commissioners (@ body corresponding to your Common Council), are assidu- ously engaged, with Colonel Jordan, in regulating the affaire of the city. When we came in we found a large. number of fine looking houses deserted, and the impres- sion was created that their inhabitants had evacuated: with Bragg’s troops. I now learn that these houses have been unoccupied since the early stages of the war, when their inmates fled to the interior to escape the demon- strations along the coast which were then so generally: expected by the rebels. Hence, in considering tho status at Wilmington, we must take this fact into account. Very few of the citizens left when we came—a sure sign: of the loyalty of the community in general. THE BLOCKADE RUNNING TRADE, It seems curious, after these remarks, to refer to Dlockade running business of such a loyal city. ‘Aniextee: Rapebijcom, juss Jenyed, 09Y a truth is, howev “5 that this business was carried on. Ottioers of General Schofleld’s army, who arrived here | Py Tn ccutators from Charlcston, Richmond, this morning from Wilmington, state that when they |<) anneh and other cities of the South, and thelr em- left that place on the 1st instant, deserters and refugees ployes were the poorer or middling classes, who were who came into our lines on that day reported that Sher- | Perea 4g earn a subsistence in the bost way thoy man, by a flank movement, had compelled the rebels to | - 14” aver all, the blockade runner, in his own esti- evacuate Florence, 8. C., and was moving in the direction | 16, considers himself much more loyal than your of Fayetteville, N. C., which is inthe direct route to either | oa eee ore in New York, Boston and Phila Gelamhow or Peivih. delphia, who venture their money without any risk, Rebel Accounts. while he hazards life and limb in endeavoring to escape THE DAMAGE WHICH SHERMAN IS DOING. the Union cruisers, if not confinement in Northern pri- [From the Richmond Whig, May 4.) cons. Let us eave him to his philosophy and accept hia ‘Tho Raloigh Conservative, in noticing the assignment of | loyalty for the future, General Johnston to the command of the ferces con- In the first attack on Fort Fisher fourteen steamers fronting Sherman, says that “his well known ability and | were at the wharves here, one of which made her escape skill in wielding an army gives us all assurance that | through the fleet on Christmas eve, The others ran out whatever means may be at his disposal will be wielded | and made return trips before the second assault, and in sueh way as will best promote the interests of the | escaped through the Western inlet the night the fort was country. Whether that means is adequate to put a stop | taken. to Sherman's movements, and overwhelm him while in the interior, time only can determine. His course seems | _ Sherman's cavalry was reported at Florence, 8. Q, @ to us to be one that is quite novel in the history of war- | few days since, and ft is rumored in town this morning, fare, He cuts himself loose, so far as we are informed, | 48 the steamer is leaving, that Sherman’s main body ig from any base of supplies, dashes into the interier, depend. | °rossing the northwest branch of the Cape Fear, sixty ing upon living on the supplies found in the country; takes | Miles from this place. If so, the Chickamauga, which ran little or no care to secure the military possession of the | UP the river, will come to grief between two fires. She is country through which he passes, and leaves it with few | hemmed in between the forees of Sherman and Schofield, marks of his having visited it, except the ruin that marks | #24 will either be destroyed or captured. the belt of country he has traversed. ‘That such course is THE EXCHANGED PRISONERS. ‘ial Intellt, 100, Commercial Int genres 33, 1208, nsols for 89: money 80%. fitnote Central ares 62 a rf Erie shares 8334 a 83. Shipping News. Arrived, from New York, Jacob Stamler, at Havre; Isaac Webb, at Liverpool. a ived, from Boston, Isabel, Leghorn. Arrived, from Callao 22d, Governor Morton, at Queens- "SHERMAN. Another Triumphant Flank- ing Movement. CAPTURE OF A REBEL PRISON POST. The Rebels Forced to Evacuate Florence, S. C. Sherman Moving in the Direc- tion of Fayetteville. Rebel Accounts of the Damage He is Doing, Rey &e., &e Florence Flanked and Evacuated. Wasuinatoy, March 6, 1865. SHERMAN’S MOVEMENTS, ion 9) Some delay has occurred in the arrival of the expected hadanegencp dal joibvches hares ngage pads ten thousand exchanged prisoners. The steamer Jame But if, as it seems to be asserted upon good authority, | Christopher, Captain Martin, was to have gone up this he uniformly leaves the people of the country much morning to receive the first instalment, but her trip haw more strongly united against him and the Yankees than | been for some reason postponed. he finds them, it would seem to be a decidedly slow pro- | _ 4 severe rain storm has been prevailing during the past cess of bringing the country to that submission which | few days. his master profosses to expect will bo accomplished speedily, And sueh a course would certainly render the consequences of a severe reverse to him irreparable. But what will be the result of his present expedition time will only determine, And the whole country awaits the news which is to selve the problem with intense anxiety. SHIPPING NEWS Below. Barks Colo Harriet Leolesle and Abbey © Matanzas, Boarded to the southward of Barnegat Josiah Johnson, No 23. [For additional ship news see second page. , from Pilot MISCELLANEOUS. — THING OF BEAUTY IS A JOY FOREVER. Those who desire brilliancy of complexion must purit Canad THE ENTIRE ANTI-OONFEDERATION TICKET ELECTED IN NEW BRUNSWICK. A o |, wh HELMBOLD'S CONCENTR. Sr. Joux, N. B., March 3, 1868. | iy EXTRACT SARSATARILLA invariable docs., Recols ‘The counties of St. John, York and Westmoreland have | lect it is,ne patent medicine. Ask for Melmbold's, Take no- er, CLEAR, SMOOTH SKIN AND BEAUTIFUL COM- A lexion’ follows the use of HELMBOLD’S OO} l= RATED FLUID EXTRACT SARSAPARILLA. It ro m elected the entire anti-confederation ticket by very large majorities, defeating Messrs, Fisher and Gray (delegates) and the Postmaster General. * es black spots, pimples and ali eruptions of the skin. Miss Faxny Morawt takes a benefit to-night at Wal- caha irons sam trate e lack’s. The Man of Many Friends, Is he Jeatoust and | A NOTICE THE PROCESS NN Ano by yay 4, Bad Na: the fair béngficiaire are the attractions. Miss Morant is | cun be cured by Dr. 8. ROSENHEIMER, 407 Canal street. Hoctor refers to. Brigadier Generit Yatea, irigudier Generak the actress of many friends, and will, therefore, have @ | Meciollum, United Staten, Marshal Murra see. Chitenden full house. cs way; Halgarten feild, corner Bx- ~ z ae ene at tare He 8. Pontes a te Po aus Ormna—Verua superb opera, La Fores det | Maat sess, Atl eat vail met cee fens Destino, was given last night for the fourth time, with the usual excellent cast, and was very finely sung. It will be repeated only twice more—on Wednesday and dealers endeavoring ts dispose of their own and othe Friday, Foust will be given this evening with the same | GENUINE THKPARAT IONS, “ued bY HELMBOLD y mail on receipt of $1. EWARE OF COUNTI:RIEITS AND UNPRINCIPLED- Mage cs nay lel OS ROM, THE LARGEST MANUFACTURING CHEMIATS: Brookirw Acapemy.—The only concert at which Mile. | po1a; he vectpied the drug store ‘opposite my residents, sn de Katow and Mr. Wehli can play in Brooklyn will,take | Was successful in conducting the business where others had place this evening at the Academy of Music. We, there. | preened with nis chareetor and terri, phason! gi fore, advise the citizens of that improving locality not to Firm of Powers 4 W. a WEIGHTMAN,, miss the opportunity of hearing those remarkable artists, Manufacturing’ Chemiats, It ie a treat not often to be met with. Ninth and Brown streets, Philadelple, Evening Stock Excha ELMBOLD'S CONCENTRATED EXTROT BUCHU Moxpay, h 6, 1866, HELMBOLD'S CONCENTRATED BXTRACT $5000 Am gold...23 198% 100 shs Hud Rw RR 113 SARSAPARILLA 10000 © do,......83 108% 100 do...., ots ards, THE GREAT HLOOD PURIEVER are. prepared accor I harmaey ee ae ae chemiatry, abd are the most active that can be made. 100 sha N'Y CRR..b3 100 ELMBOLD'S EXTRACT OF _ SARSARILL, 100 108% cleanses and renovates the blood, inatila the 100 health into the sytem and purges out the humors i” OUSEKEEPERS, LOOK HERE.—YOU CAN BUY AT joo the Great Emporium of Groceries, Teas, Wines, Flour, “Syrup, Molassen and everything’ ¢lse used in bog family shou Frog Percent shes aan aay efor one mentin 7 A . 4 tp. THOMAS R, AGNEW, 200 and 362 Greenwigh street, 100 corner Murray. 100 OT A FEW OF THE WORST DISORDERS THAT zoo HELAMOLDS RETRACT OF SARBAMIEEA 19 of the utmost value, ALIN ; Barthnnnea bn UANTITY V8. QUALITY.— XTR. Ioo at o large quantity oa ee see woah me ire arn * ine—err. = BY TCAN SUIT ALL, 100 69 EMARKS FROM CHEMICAL ANALYSI8.—A\ = one tafy und rellabia aya 4 Pritapauruta, June 12, 1860, %0 HE SCIENCE OF MEDICINE SHO 20 | A spie, pure, majo havin tact fer ase 0 for ‘lone Bae | Meta Boe GakUENe sie aa aed 60% | Over sixteen years, PURIFY, BS OOD ANI x | To cones, usm ANE SRT aN Oo | TRATED FLUID EXTRACT BARSAPARILLA Goag | Me eawals in ‘tremgth one gallon ‘of the syrup or deeoction, TTPWARDS OF THIRTY THOUSAND CERTIFICATES HH Piiltecoamengatorg tars have een tected. atest tng the Ghette of HELMHOLD'S GENUINE PREPARA’ DNS, many of which are from the highest sources, ime bend on statesmen, clergymen, governors, ndges, ray INJURE TIE COMPLEXION BY POWDERS and washes which choke or fill np the pores of the akin, fd tira short time leave {t harsh and dPy?—it is tn. the bloo pod icyouwentemooth, abd sott skin use HREM BOLD" Exrexer OF BANSAPRILLA, Lt aives a br we ———=———~