The New York Herald Newspaper, January 30, 1865, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HE OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU BTS. ‘Volume XXX. New York, Monday, January 30, 1865. ——— ; THE SITUATION. created a great sensation. ‘The despatch of one of our Washington correspondents regarding the objects and results of Mr. Blair’s second visit to the rebel capital will be found very interesting. { throws considerable light on this hitherto very dark matter, He states that the mission was not, as has been generally supposed, an entire failure, but that stated In Saturday's Hwmatp, that many of the rebel it resulted Im fully disclosing the fact chiefs are desirous of peace, and are willing to submit to much more reasonable terms than their newspaper organs would lead us to suppose, but that all are so Jealous and watchful of each other that no one darcs to make an advance for fear of being made tho victim of some desperate and relentless faction. Another of bur correspondents says that we need not be surprised to soon hear of terms for peace in proclamations of the Governors of Georgia and North Carolina, One of our St. Louls correspondents gives us the out- Lines of aroported robel project west of tho Mississippi which, from its extraordinary character, might a short time ago have been considered to be woven from the ft- ful fancies of a dream, but which now, during the Srumbling stago of the rebellion, when the followers of Jeff. Davis can no longer be insensible to the rocking of the ground bencath thom, and aro looking about in evory Girection for some sure footing, appears reasonable enough. It is to tho offect that General E. Kirby Smith, commanding the rebel Trans-Mississipp! Depart- mont, including all the rebel territory and troops west of the Mississippi river, has been for some time negotiating for a transfer of all bis forces to tho Emperor Maximilian, of Mexico. Though this statement is not given as positively certain, there are many circum- stances to confirm it and render it probable, Tt is anticipated, though, that if General Smith does contemplate this important transfer of his services he will have some difficulty in effecting it, a8 the rebel troops of that region, always a lawless and semi-disorganized set of wild characters, have be- Come Additionally demoralized since the death of old Sterling Price, their favorite chief, and may resist this wholesale military célonization, ‘We give this morning, compiled from accurate data, a complete roster of the reb:l armies, We gave during an earlier period of the rebellion a list of the regiments of Leo's rrmy, which was recognized and admitted by the rebels to be very accurate, and which Richmond paper declared had come from the rebel War Office. We now give, from the same source of information, a comple showing of all the armies of the rebollion as they are organied a the present time. Tho figures accompanying tbe organ!- gation show that the full strength of the rebels is only ‘one hundred and sixty-eight thousand nino hundred and fifty men of all arms. This te thoir fullest strength. ‘These forces are scattered from the James to the Red rivers, and from the Atlantic coast to the Indian Torri- tories, It is shown very conclusively that the only army upon which the rebels can depend is the Army of Northern Virginia. This istho only organization which tho enemy has deserving the name, and the only army which we now have to overcome, Since the termination of the severe artillery firing caused by the unsuccessful attempt of the rebel fleet, on last Tuesday, to mako a raid down the James river, the previous quiet has existed in that region, and nothing Dut occasional exchanges of shots between the pickets now disturbs the serenity of affairs there. ‘Wo publish in this morning's Henarp the official War Department orders in relation to several matters the main facts of which have already been given im the Hx- Raw. They relate to an agreement with the rebel authorities for the mutual release from severe punish- ment of prisoners of war, the addition of North Carolina to the military Department of the South, the consolida- tion of the departinents of the Cumborland and the Ohio, and the reannexing of Arizona Territory to the Depart- ment of the Pacific, under command of Major General McDowoll. Admiral Porter reports the capture, on lest Tueeday night, in Cape Fear river, of another blockade running steamer—the Blonheim, from Nassau, with a valuable as- sorted cargo. ‘We have already noticed the arrival at this port of tho blockade running steamers Stag and Charlotte, captured in Cape Fear river by Admiral Portor’s fleot, after tho fall of Fort Fisher, Tho Stag was captured by the United States steamer Maratanza, Lieutenant Commander Young, and at the time of her seizure was commanded by Lieutenant Commander K. H. Gayle, of the rebel navy. Itia believed that she was intended to be fitted out asa privateer after reaching Wilmington. She was sent North in charge of Acting Master E. L. Goodwin, prize master; Actiig Ensign J. W. Crowell, exocutive officer, and Second Assistant Engineer R. L. Wobb, act- ing chief. Major General Butler arrived in LowoM, Mass, on Inst Saturday, and in the evening bad an en- thusisatic reception in @ public hall by his fellow townsmen. He was welcomed by the Mayor, and im reply made an address of an hour's duration, reviewing and defending his military coreer. Ho spoke in very complimentary terms of the President and General Terry, and said that it is {dlo to talk of peace until the rebel Army of Northern ‘Virginia is oither defeated or captured. At @ meeting of the Christian Commission, held last night im the hall of the House of Reprosentatives, at Washington, the President and members of the Cabinet wore present. Secretary Seward presided, and in his eddrem gave a brief review of the commencement, Progress and decline of the rebellion, and said that now ‘we wait only at the hands of the rebeis for the submi's. tion which, however delayed, necessarily follows military defeat and overthrow.” Included in the large supply of extracts from rebel papers given in this morning's Henanp is the statement that General John ©. Breckinridge has been appointed to @ncoeed Mr. Seddon as rebel Secretary of War. Gen. Dick Taylor haa succeeded to the command of General Hood, fhe Richmond Sentinel eays that measures have beom taken for burning all the: cotton in Werth and Bovth Carolina and Georgia tiable to fall into the hands of the Union forces, General Hill has issued an official order for the destruc- Gon mo wmnek Of the siavie as ia plored at Augusta, } Thoclty was agitated yesterday by very exciting war Fomors. Early in the forenoon reports got afloat that ‘the proud elty of Charleston had fallen before the (prowess of the invincible Sherman, and that an arrange- ment for the immediate attainment of peace had been agreed upon between President Lincoln and Jeff. Davis. How these stories originated it is perhaps uscless to con- sider; but, though apparently groundless, they of course NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JANUARY 80, 1866. Ga, and vicinity, on the approach of the national troops, 4 even at the peril of the city.” EUROPEAN NEWS. news is three days later than that brought by the Cuba. published in the Huaatp on last Wednesday and Friday, to the effect that the Emperor Maximiliah, of Mexico, had coded to Louis Napoleon the States of Sonora, Du- rango, Sinaloa, Chihuahua and Lower California The Paris reports state that Marshal Bazaine bas received orders from the French Emperor to seize and hold So- nora as indemnity for the expenses incurred by the French government in placing Maximilian on the Mexi- can throne. ‘The London Times discusses the proposition of some of our Southern rebels, for the sake of insuring thelr separation from the North, to place their confederacy under the protection of some strong European govern- ment, and says that none of these Powers would be Likely to accep: the offer if it should be made, even with the agreement to abolish slavery. Some of the London papers attempt to be very severe on Mr, Seward and the Brazilian government for the sup- posed settlement of the difficulty regarding the selzure of the rebel pirate Florida in the port of Bahia. The number of persons on board the rebel blockade running steamer Lelia when she foundered at the mouth of the Mersey, on the 15th instant, was variously esti- mated at between thirty and sixty, only eight of whom were known to be saved. In the town of Nicaudro, on the Gulf of Venice, shocks of earthquake have been daily felt during the last seven months, and to these have lately been added subterranoan noises, in consequence of which it ts feared that a vol- cano is about to burst forth there, and the pcople are leaving the place. The Theatre Royal, at Edinburg, was totally destroyed by fire on the 13th inst., and a number of persons wero killed and injured. It was reported in London that Queen Victoria had made the poet Tennyson a baronet, Work on the Atlantic telegraph was being rapidly pushed forward, and it is expected that the entire cable will be ready by the let of next June, Consols closed in London on the 17th inst. at from eighty-nino and five-eighths to eighty-nino and seven- eighths for money. The Liverpool! cotton and breadstuils markets on the came day were dull, with a declining ten- dency. Provisions and produco were steady, without any quotable change. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. There was @ moderation in the temperature of the atmosphere in this city and vicinity yesterday, which was welcomed by the majority of people, after tho con- tinuous severely cold weather of tho several preceding days. There was not, however, a suficiont relaxation to break up the ice on the ponds, and the skating continued good, and more than the usual week days crowds particl- pated in their favorite sport. The water in the bay and rivers around the city has been very much choked vp during the past two days by floating ice, seriously ob- structing navigation and causing great inconvenience to the travelling public. The boats on all the ferries have continued to run, but there has been considerable irregu- larity in the trips of some of them, A number of vessels lying at the North rivér piers have been considerably chafed by the ice; but we have not learned of serious damage to any of them. A fire between four and five o’clock yesterday morn- ing in a drinking house on tho corner of Jackson and Water streets destroyed and damaged stock to the ex- tent of two hundred dollars, on which there was full insurance. In consequence of the numerous accidents which have recently occurred in the Bergen tunnel, through which at least one hundred heavily laden trains of the Now York and Erie and Morris and Essex railroads pass daily, the Judge of the Hudson County Court, of New Jersey, at the opening of the January erm, called tho particular attention of the Grand Jury to the matter, and those gentlemen have rendered a report highly censuring the Erie Company, and presenting the tunnel as @ public nuisance. Tho machine shop of the Mahoning Division of the Atlantic and Great Western Railroad, at Youngstown, Ohio, was destroyed by fire on the morning of the 25th. “The proporty destroyed is valued at fifty thousand dol- lara ‘The Cleveland fron rolling mills, located at Newburg, Ohio, were partially destroyed by fire on the 25th inst., involving a loss of forty thousand dollars, on which there are insurances for thirty thousand dollars, A number of incondiary fires among barns and unoccu- pled buildings have occurred lately at Batavia, N. Y. Last Tuesday night an old brewery, used for the storage of barley and other grains, wak sot on fire and destroyed. Tho losses are estimated at twenty thousand dollara, A fire in Richmond, Indiana, yesterday morning, de- stroyed property valued at two hundred thousand dollars. On last Tuesday night, whilo a train on the Ohio and Mississippi Railroad was approachidg Cincinnati, and within two miles of that city, ono of the cars, filled with passengers, became detached, and rolled down an em- bankmont twenty-five feet high. A number of tho occu- pants were injured, but none. fatally, and they were all gathered up and placed in the other cars, and the train arrived at its destination only thirty minutes behind time. Over one hundred and forty men, nearly all soldiers, were killed by the boiler explosion on board the steam- boat Eclipse, in the Tennessee river, near Johnsonville, on last Thureday. Firing the Southern Heart—The Monroe Doctrine in a New Light. The men of peace at the North are exceed- ingly unfortanate people. In vain they argue and write long leaders in favor of the rebel cause; for the rebols take a malicious pleasure in upsetting all these arguments and nullifying all these leaders, It has been the favorite theory of the peace men that the rebels were only fighting for their rights, and that we were greatly to blame for not giving them their rights without further war. Let the rebels havo their slaves and their old constitutional guaran- tees, say the peneo men, and they will return to the Union, from which the wicked abolition- ists have driven them. But now, according to the Richmond organs, just such terms have been offered by Mr. Blair and were indignantly re- jected. We do not believo a word of the story; but the Richmond rebels assert it, and the Northern rebels are therefore bound to credit it. All of the rebel organs agree substantially in the statement about Mr. Blsir’s offer. “The enemy are willing to permit us to dictate our own terms,” they say, “provided only we will not dissolve the Union. Any guarantee for slavery, any constitutional provision for its protection and extension, full compensation in greenbacks for all the negroes that have been carried off during the war, anything, everything that we can ask or think, will be freely granted, if only we will consent to reunite with them.” Now, what was the answer of the rebels to this marvellously liberal offer made, as they tell us, by Mr. Blair? They spurn it; they revile it; they will not accept it, They assure us that they are fighting for independence; that they are willing to give up slavery to accomplish their independence; that no terms short of independence will satisfy thom. What do the peace men and the sticklers for South- ern rights say to that? Upon what ground that is not treasonable can they now oppose the wart How can they con- tinue to maunder about concessions and com- promises, when, upon the authority of the rebel papers, every conceasion and every compro- mise has been thus contameliously refused? We have already said that we do not believe this story about the terms offered by Mr. Blair. We know it to be untrue, The rebels have concocted it to fire the Southern heart with the that we “are beginning to understand that the job is too big,” and are at last giving why, Consequently they cxhort the Southern people to “stand firm now,” and assure them that they “shall soon rejoice in the enjoyment ‘The steamship America, from Southampton on the 18th instant, arrived at this port yesterday. Her European Rumors prevailed in Paris confirmatory of the report of their liberty and independence.” We can- not but smile at such a weak device and small display of ingenuity as this. Instead of firing the Southern heart this story will chill it still more; for it will convince those South- erners who believe it that Jeff. Davis is totally implacable; that he would rather see them all murdered than relinquish his despotism over them, and that nothing but extermination is to be expected under his sway. They will natur- ally inquire, Why where not such terms accept- ed if offered? They will naturally desire to re- turn to the Union, in which, as the rebel organs solemnly inform them, “anything, everything that they can ask or think will be freely grant- ed.” ‘Thus the rebel organs have again over- reached themselves, and at a single blow the Northern peace patriots are annihilated and the suffering Southern people are supplied with a now incentive to return to the Union. But there is another development of this futile scheme to fire the Southern heart which deserves attention. The trick in regard to the Monroe doctrine, which we exposed a few days ago, is now boldly played. “It has been sug- gested,” say the rebel organs, “that the United States will acknowledge our inde- pendence provided a treaty of com- merce and a league. offensive and defensive for the application of the Monroe doctrine to all tho States of, North America can be agreed upon.” This idea is paraded as another reason for standing firm, and another proof that we are getting tired of the attempt to restore the Union. But who suggested this idea? Why, the rebel leaders themselves. No Union man or Union paper has ever mentioned it fora moment. It is anew light in which to view the Monroe doctrine, truly. We should be exces- sively wise to recognize the South as a aeparate nation in order to get rid of Maximilian, should we not? Letting go the bird in the hand to secure the birds in the bush, is not preciscly the characteristic of our statesmanship. If the rebels seriously imagine that we will let them go in the hope of seizing Canada and Mexico, they are very decidedly mistaken, and we must disenchant them. We would not let them go if they could give us a bond for Canada and Mexico, and throw the whole of South America into the bargain. There are no possible terms upon which we can acknowledge their inde- pendence, and as they have rejected all terms for reunion, according to their own canard, nothing remains but to fight it out. Blairs, Jewetts, Singletons, Greeleys and Jacqasses may flourish for a while, but the Hzratp holds to its opinion that our generals and admirals, soldiers and sailors are our only practical peace- makers, The Wealth and Poverty of the Metro- polis, Though enough of the poor are always with us, they were never, perhaps, so superabundant as they are now; nor have we in many years had a season so hard on the houseless heads and unfed sides of the children of want as the pre- sent. Ithas been a winter of continuously severe weather, and promises even yet to stretch out to the extremest possible limit. All the necessaries of life are at what must secm to the very poor almost fabulous prices. Coal, meat, flour, potatoes, are all very high—and it would be a strange thing, considering the constitution of society, if there were not thousands in a city like ours suffering every day the pangs of hun- ger, and hundreds ready to die from absolute want. Yet this is, in proportion to the popula- tion, the richest city in the universe; thero is a more genoral diffasion of wealth than in most other cities, and certainly lavish and even wasteful expenditure goes to its extremo here. To provide against the occurrence of misery from want in a great city is doubtless impossi- ble so long as we cannot utterly chango the motives and natures of the whole mass of men and women; and to relieve the misery of the really needy without encouraging idleness and vice is sufficiently dificult. But, though it be dificult, an earnest attempt to solve the pro- blem is a social duty. And wo believe that the problem is only to be solved by tha per- sonal inspection of individual cases, Disburse your own charity if you can afford any; but if you cannot take trouble to know that you are | giving to the really needy, do not give at all. The beggars are the worst of all criminals who infest our streets. They are the murderers of those who die by starvation, and they steal on its way— catch in the air with their greasy caps—the cent thrown to the mother who watches over her hungry child. The necessitous poor hardly ever make a personal appeal for alms on the street, and the only personal appeal that peo- ple ought to respond to favorably is the cry of @ child at the basement door for victuals, Feed the child anyhow—even if you do not give it anything to carry away. But the pennies that you give to stalwart beggars on the street are spent for rum, and you send the man or woman home an infariated beast, to fight and murder, or, at the very least, to maim the little wretches who are so miserable as to call these creatures mother or father. If, moreover, cripple can sit up all day in the street, he can sit up all day at some sedentary occupation and earn enough to live on. One of the worst phases of street beggary, as seen here, is that of the boys who pretend to peddle pins at the upper part of Broadway, and who annoy every woman who passes by with their importunate “Please, lady, please! Do buysome! Iain’t sok any to-day.” Some of these wretches make their appearance barefoot in the severest weather, and will do 80 if given shoes half a dozen times a day, en- during all that pain to excite sympathy and get We do not entirely discourage organized charity. There is no doubt that the large number of societies, public and private, organ- ized for charitable purposes, relieve much misery, and it is a great deal botter to give through the societies than not to give at all. Bat we believe that one dollar spent by the man or woman who goes personally where the wretched are, will be spent more effectively and will do more real good than two or three spent through the agencies of socicties, More- over, that kind of charity relieves the class of poor that is not in tho books of one society, that is out of the scope of another society, and that the red tape of organized charity has left to starve; but which never holds out its hand to the passer by, and cannot do it This olass is the poor who usually carn a small subse tence by their own labor, but find themselves temporarily unable to do so, or find that their small means are at present inadequate for their maintenance. Notwithstanding the common impression that there is plenty of employment now for all, this class is large, and in the present yoar is no doubt all the larger by tbe comparative helplessness of many families and friends of soldiers suddenly deprived of their We would urge the wealthy and charitable of the city to go personally in search of these. Make it an occupation, and let it introduce an object of interest into a life that will otherwise pass in idle and elegant wretchedness. The lady who has no occupation but to decide whether the one more unnecessary dress shall be café au lait or cuir color, will be better satisfied with the result if she, in person, spends that extra hundred dollars on the twenty-five floors of five tenement houses and up the wretched alleys that run between. The filth that she gets on her dainty gaiters will wash away; but the tender of human sympa- thy that it develops in her beautiful eyes will stay there, and the horror that she will feel over her own wastefulness will not be lost; nor need those who have only five dollars to spare, or even one dollar, stay at home and shiver over the register. An invalid gave, in his other Christmas gifts, toa little girl five dollars, that she was in turn to give to a poor and hungry family, where it would not probably be spent for rum. It was @ good gift, It has not yet passed out of the little girl’s hands; but it has already done more good than any one would suppose_was in five dollars; and before it does go outofher hands it will do more good thanever did any fifty dollars given toasociety. Issuch a family so hard to find that the little girl has got the money yet? Perhaps so; for in the lives and misery of the city poor it is very hard to tell how much is due to rum. But it is good to send a little girl and her grown up acquaint- ances in search of such a family. For even where their conscientiousness will not let thom give the money, they give twenty other things that relieve wretchedness even more certainly. They send comfortable meals, and perhaps clothing, to the little children and to the half sickly half degraded mother, They breathe on the glimmer of better nature that perhaps still lives in the drunken father, and they send the voice of pure women, laden with cheer and en- couragement, into the soul of the grown up girl who does not see wha: there is in life, and who just trembles of the threshold of the brothel. We recommend a similar attempt to spend five dollars to the rich and idle who have charita- ble natures, in the certainty that the contact it will necessitate is the only means to open the eyes of the rich to the miseries of the poor, and thence the only moans to stimulate a real and effective charity. Rebel Reorganization—The Virtual Deg- radation of Davis. General Lee is finally appointed genoral- fssimo of all the forces of the rebel States—supreme director of the whole military power by which the rebels hope to secure tho ultimate triumph of their bad cause. He re- linquishes the immediate command of the Army of Northern Virginia to General Joseph E Johnston. This is good news to the North, in more ways than one. It is good because, as a very severe double disapproval of the acts of Davis, it tends to further distraction of the eno- my’s councils; because it deprives the enemy of the advantages of General Lee’s abilities in the only sphere in which he can be of any use, and because it very practically takes all the fight out of the rebel army of Northern Vir- ginis, Here are three great benefits to our cause, that directly flow from this change in the enemy’s organization. The appointment of Leo is the repudiation of Davis as a military director—a direct imputation that another man can do better, and thence that Davis is re- sponsible for all the disasters, The appoint ment to the command of the principal rebel army of Jos. E. Johnston, whom Davis has so persistently kept in retirement, gives emphasis to this; and the two together amount to the entire adoption of the policy of that class of rebels who declare that Davis is an imbecile. Lee has been moderately successful in the command of a single army. Only moderately, because, when we consider the imbecility that has been opposed to him on our side, it is evi- dent that a man of great genius, in the same position, would have comquered a peace on the Hndson river. He is now suddenly taken from that army and ordered to take gene- ral charge of half a dozen scattered and frag- mentary armies, of whose affairs he knows very little. He will not diroct them for six months 80 effectively as Davis has done, and those six months are the vital ones. Thus this act takes Lee from the army, where he could serve well, to @ sphere where he is useless. As for the main rebel army it is now commanded by a retreater. Johnston always retreats. Retreat is his solution of evory military difficulty, and when he does figh{ it is only in order that he may retreat more easily. Such is his history and his nature. His appointment will have a bad effect on the army that has been hitherto commanded by Lee. But he is the ablest re- treater in the rebel servico, and his appoint- ment may therefore be an indication of policy. It may possibly mean the final abandonment ot the sacred soil. Davis is by these changes vir- tually deposed—not actually. He cannot touch the army, and the army is the confederacy; but he can touch the minor points that will affect the confederacy greatly. He can negotiate for pence, and as the other leaders go on step by atep in the establishment ef the actual dictator- ship Davis will take especial care of the in- terests of Davis. He will make pence, as the only means of personal escape from the diffi- culties of his position. His Northern foes are now his friends by comparison with the vindic- tive ferocity of those domestic focs who hedge ‘him round even in his capital. Wo give to-day the entire organization of all the rebel armies that thus pass under Lee. Prac- tically this whole military poweris in throo divisions—the Army of the Mississippi, the Army of the Tennessee, and the Army of North- ern Virginia—all other forces, oven Hardee's, aro made up of militia grouped round a small nucleus of regular troops. Price’s army—the Missiesippi—is of no present account. Hood’s army may number twenty thousand, but is such a position that it Cififict influence the Sa pending fate of the rebellion. The total of the force distributed at all points south of Peters burg and north of the Savannah river is not over twenty thousand; nor are more than five or eight thousand of these soldiers, The army lately under Lee, now under Johnston, num- hers seventy thousand men. That army is the rebellion, and the government has only to crush those seventy tousand in order to put the rebellion down. “With the force we now have, and the generals who direot it, this ser vice will be comy,aratively easy. Let the gov- ernment put al) its available force in the bands of Grant tq “strike in hia awn good time. and | the work will be well done, and do¢ 60 600n that, though the three bundred thoua%nd men now called for will undoubtedly take the field, it is not probable that they will see s Wattle. Let the government send fifteen or twunty thousand more good six foot peace negotistors to Grant within the next twenty days, and it will soon be easier to convince Jeff. Davis than Blair has found it. © Tas West Poor Acavemy m Danoun— A clause has been attached to the Military Academy Appropriation bill in the lower house of Congress repealing the fourth section of the act approved April 1, 1864, which provides that cadets found extremely deficient at any exami- nation “shall not be continued at the Military Academy, or be reappointed, except upon the recommendation of the Academic Board.” As the repeal of this provision would strike o heavy blow at the discipline of West Point, we trust that the Senate may have the wisdom and sense of public duty to strike it out. If the students having strong political influence are informed that, even though’ found grossly inat- tentive or incapable, they can still be reap- pointed without the concurrence of the Acade- mic Board, the present strong incentive to un- tiring industry will be taken away, and a pro- tracted education at West Point will no longer be any evidence of intelligence and good habits. The Academy is now doing admirably under the care of General Collum, of the Engincers, and its rigorous discipline should not be interfered with. Letting anything which fs already very well severely alone is not bad policy. Tho decisions of the Academic Board cannot be improved by the intermeddling of politicians. Brim Fam Piay.—The latest news from England informs us that a Peruvian man-of- war was lying in the Thames waiting for the declaration of war between Peru and Spain, in order to prey upon the commerce of the latter Power, and that her commander had been ar- rested by the English authorities for violating the Foreign Enlistment act. This is all very fine in the case of Pera; but when did the British show any such eagerness to stop the enlist- ments for a rebel privateer? Spain is in league with England and France to make a raid upon South America while we are engaged in civil war, and therefore tho captain of a Peruvian privateer is arrested so soon as he sets foot upon British soil; but the rebelsare engaged in doing the dirty work of Europe by crippling this republic, and therefore the captains of rebel privateers aro feted and feasted, their ships armed and provisioned, their enlistments en- couraged, and the government arsenals opened to them if they desire to purchase Armstrong guns. After our civil war is over we shall right all these wrongs. Tus Qvota or New Yonx Crry.--The quota of this city has been increased by the Provost Marshal General; he has refused to reduce it upon the remonstrances of Supervisor Blunt; and all that we can do is to enlist all the men possible and stand a draft for the balance. But, at the same time, we protest against the flagrant and outrageous injustice which has been shown to this city both in the enrolment and the apportionment. For no reason that we can discover, except the fact that the city voted for McClellan, we have been made to endure four times our fair proportion of the hardships of this conscription, while other and more favored portions of the State and country profit by our unequal burden. New York city has done more to sustain the war than any half a dozen of the loyal States. Her men and her money have been at the service of the govern- ment whenever required. She will furnish her quota now; but she will not forget those whose unpardonable ignorance or gross favoritism has caused her to be thus imposed upon at this time. Fare or ras Reset Loan.—When the news of the capture of Savennah reached England, “Confederate” scrip fell four per cent, and United States securities wer: up. When the intelligence of General Builer’s failure to take Fort Fisher arrived, a sudden reaction took place. This was to be expected; but when the news that the Fort is in our hands, and Wilmington virjually at our mercy, and that three valuable blockade runners have fallen into the possession of Admiral Porter, what a fearful panic there will be among the blockade running gentry and the holders of rebel scrip. They will sce at once that there is an end of running cargoes to Wilmington, as they will only become a prize of the United States Navy; and as for the rebel scrip, it will become instantly worthless, for the means of paying the interest will be cut off, as no more cotton can be shipped from Wilmington, upon which the stability of the rebel loan was based. We may, therefore, calculate that the last cbance of a European loan, and Europeaa sympathy, is gone with the farts on Cape Fear river. Tau Hvsow River Ramzoap.—The intro- daction of small cars on the Hudson River Railroad in this city has proved very unpopu- lar, and we are strongly inelined to consider it illegal. Certainly it is @ violation of the contract with eommaters, sinee it compels them to pay more fare for worse accommodations. An advance of fare is wholly unauthorized, and is a swindle upon the travelling public. There is now no. certainty that passengers from the lower part of the city will entch the trains at the upper depot, and the delays and incon- veniences to which they are thus subjected are utterly inexcusable, The railroad seems to be mismanaged in every possible way, and it ap- pears to bo conducted only for the benefit of stock speculators. The people of this city allow themselves to be imposed upon by corpora- tions in o manner to which no other people would submit. They are robbed and cheated without mercy by any company that pleases to outrage them. Is there no remedy for this state of things? And why is not o remedy applied? Invortant Maatanx Truata—The military commission, of which Brigadier General Fite- Henry Warren is President, and Major John A. Bolles, A. 8. 0., is Judge Advocate, has com mencod the trial of George Anderson, charged with being a spy, and taken prisoner at the same time with Captain John Y. Baall (Boll), alias Baker, of Lake Erle steamboat seizure notoriety, whose trial is to be resumed next Wednesday. Captain Kennedy, alias Stanton, one of the parties accused of New York hotel burning, haa been arraigned before the samo commission, and his trisl assigned for Tuesday next. These triais will be of the highest inte- rost, and, mgy lead to important devefonmenta, THE REBEL ARMY. The Important Changes in the Rebel Command. The New Command of the Rebel General Lee. How His Grand Army Looks On Paper. A Complete Roster of the Rebel Armies as They Exist at This Time. pees RSS OeR te Their Fullest Strength Only One Hundred and Sixty-eight Thousand Nine Hundred and Fifty Men. “Where Are the Broken Bat~ talions of Lee.” ®ketch of the Mew Rebel Com- mander-in-Chief, &., &e., &e. THE NEW REBEL GENERALISSIMO. Sketch of General Robert E. Lee. From the first hour of bis installation as chiof of the rebellion Jeff, Davis hasruled with an ironhand. As the autocrat of the confederacy his power, until a very late date, has been supreme and unquestioned, Ho absorbed in himself all the offices of his government, and hag been executive, judiciary and legislature. The agenta of the government have been his servile, dumb slaves, He was the centre of power—an obstinate, selfish an@ uncompromising dictator. With painful lack of modesty, he has never doubted his ability to singly control and direct the whirlwind which he has raised. He has even been indelicate enough to assert, in a public speech, his belief that he could direct great armies with as much, if not more ability, than any other general in the com federacy. His people have ceased to agree with him in this re spect. His obstinate persistence in wild and impractica- bie schemes, his steady adherence to weak and inefficient favorites, his constant refusal to listen to or follow ad vice, his persecution of such men as Johnston, and, more than all these, his numerous failures, have cost him the confidence of the people; bnd with singular and, under tho circumstances, significant unanimity, they have, through their ropresentatives, rebelled against his de- crees and revolutionized bis government, dissolved his Cabinet, and in effect placed another and more popular leader at the actual head of affairs. Davis still sits upom the throne, but there is a power bebind It, Lee's humble tent is now the rebel White House. His sword is the rebel sceptre, and he is Dictator. ‘We shall soon gee if the change be not, as we believe it is, for the better of the country. ‘Time will sqgn draw 2 strict comparison or contrast between the able and from~ ‘willeddespot who has been dethroned and the brave, bas weak, general who succeeds him. We shall soon see 4 tho confederacy has gained anything in exchanging Davia, who was rapidly blotting out State lines and State rights in creating a strong central government, for ae leader who was so weak as to engage In a rebellion for which he declared no just causo existed, simply in obe~ dienee to the State rights doctrine whieb had been incwl- cated in him. ‘The new loader comes upon the scone af en importan® criais of the cause for which he fights. It may be instrue- tive and interesting @t this time to inquire Into bis past caroer in order to study his character and inform oure selves with what material and under what circumstances: and prospects he enters upom his new career. THE PEDIGRES OF THE LEE FAMILY. Robert Edmund Lee, the now commander-in-chief of the rebel armies, descends from # long line of ancestors, the list of whose names is still quoted with pride by the chivalry, probably because it embraces those of @ monarchist, one of the first opponents of the United ~ States constitution, a calumniator of Washington, a ville fier and libeller of Jefferson and Franklin, a partisan toe, violent even for old Jackson, and a rebel against the Union. These traits of character in Lee's ancestors are fiow looked upon as virtues, Richard Lee, an early ancestor of the rebel chieftain, was associated In 1668 with Sir William Berkley in restoring the independen® Stato of Virginia'to the British crown, and was promi- nent in tho ceremonies of crowning Charles II. King of England, Scotland, Ireland and Virginia. A grandson of this Richard Lee was known subsequently as “Light Horse Harry,” and is described by historians of the Revolution as a dashing and brave cavalry officer, amd by Jefferson as an “‘informer’’—the most oppro- brious epithet known to that age of plain Bng- lish and unvarnished truth. Irving stamps Genoral Charles Lee, # grand uncle of the presen’ subject, as a calumnlator of Washington, who was found guilty by court martial of a plot to supersede him ap commander of the army. The present day Lees are not 80 proud of this General Charles as of Arthur Lee, ane- ther great uncle of Robert B. ‘Lee, whose claims to their admiration rest on the fact that he was a bitter enemy and Hbeller of those democratic Yankees, Franklin and Jefforson. General Honry Lee was woll known as a vio~ lent partisan of the time of Jackson. Henry Lee, hirson, was never prominently before the country. He marrie@i twice. His second wifo was Miss Anne Carter, of Shin ley, Va, by whom he had three sons—Charles Oarter~ Lee, Sidney Smith Lee (at present in the rebel navy, Robert Edmund Lee. ‘The latter was born in 1808, in Virginie, and grew In the quiet of home, without betraying any sharacteristics or brilliant intellect; only boy of cultivation, easy manners, but disposed to be quiet reserved. His family influenee obtained him entrance to Weal Point, which he entered: in 1826, and in which he grad ~ uated-Im 1829, standing number two ina classof forty = siz, and. leading, among others, Joseph’ B Johnatey 1, whom the war has made famous and infamous, @: Med, Mitchell, Albert G. Blanchard and Theophilus H. Holaves, On Joaving West Point young Lee travelled in Busope for some months, On bis return he vias. married to Miag Custis, of Arlington, the daughter and helress o6 Gen. W. Parke Custis, the adopted son of General Washington, He thus became proprietor of the Arlington em tates, which the government has lately conf cated. By this wife he has had, three sona and four daughtors, Brigadier General G. W. Custis Lee was ald@ do camp to Davis for many months, and is now commanding @ portion of the garrisen of Richmond, 4 This young man graduated No. 1) im his class at Wer @ Point, Major General W. H. B. Lee, another son, 00) @. mands « division of rebel eavalry. The youngest ® pa, Robort Edmund Lae, is on the staff of his cousin, Ger eral Fitz Hugh Lee, ason of Sidney Sats Lee, Of the four daughters one has died (Anne); emt the others— sary, Agnes and Mildred—are living a Richmond, wr Lat married. » CARSER IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY <. On his graduation bee wa sasigned to the Engin per corpa, aud promoted second Reutonant July 1, 1820. Im 1835 he served as eesistan’ astrowarner for tha Gem arcas tion of the boundasy line detween the States af Oh'p and Michigan. Soptowber 2, 1638, he was proractsl first Hioutenant; and in 183%, July, 7, ho was made a eaptain. ‘When the Mexican war bogam he was plaged o' the staf? of Brigadier General Wool; ‘and during the campaign of 1946 he was ¢hief engincerof Wool’s army. At the bab tle of Cerro Gordo, April 18, 1847, he waa brovetted major for gallantry, In the August following he aghin won & brevet rank by his men torlous conduct #t Contreras azd Chorubasco. In the assault on Chapultepec, September 13, 1647, he wae wounded, and recotved therefor the wrevet promotion of leutenant colonel, July 21, 184%, ho was appointed @ member of the Board of Enyincors, and remained am anch notil 199, In 1862 Ize acain visited Europe, thig