The New York Herald Newspaper, January 16, 1865, Page 4

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The Cauuyorma Eprrioy, on the 34, 13th and 23d of each month, at Srx cents per copy, or $3 per annum, ApventismMEnts, to a limited number, will be inserted in the WxexLy Hxnanp, the European and California Editions, VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing im- portant news, solicited from any quarter of the world; if used, will be liberally paid for. RESPONDENTS ARE PARTICULARLY REQUESTED TO SKAL ALL war Our Forniay Cor- LETTERS AND PACKAGES SENT US. NO NOTICE taken of anonymous correspondence, We do not return rejected communications. POR WS RMM. 66 ooo aos savess teen eens No. 15 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, WALLACK’S THEATRE, Bro: BIAcE. vay. —CLANDNSTINE MAR- OLYMPIC THEATRE, Brovdway.. Youre. —Tax Streets cr Naw NEW BOWERY THEATRE. Bowery.—Jack axp His Srmep—Naruamarrau—larry Man. BOWERY THEATRE, Bower, NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Tae Saamnocx. ‘Wacousta—Borriy Imr. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway.—Tag Live In- DIAN—Prorie's Lawn. WINTER GARDEN, BARNUM'S MUSEUM. Broadway.—Two Mauwora Fat Wowkn—Living Skeicpex—Dwanr—Leaknkd SRAL—GRAND Bracracce—Fauixs, Tia Hays, &c.—Day and Evening. BRYANTS’ MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broad- Jay Benton Sonas, Dances, bunuxsqous, &0.—Live WOOD'S MINSTREL H 514 Broadway.—Gissir- Pivs—JACK ON THK GuKEN— OrIAN SonGs, DaNexs, &c. SALLE DIABOLIQUE, 585 Broadway,—Ronxnr Hetuxe's Amasmamate, Puoouan™: ’ VAN AMBURGH & 659 and 641 Broadway.—C HIPPOTHEATRON, Fourteenth street. —Equestaian, TEMNASTIO AND ACKOBATIC ENT&RTAINMENTS—NABLEQULY LUEBRAMD. MAMMOTH MENAGERIE, rom i A. M. to lv P.M. AMERICAN THEATRE, No. 444 Broadway.—Bauua PAnrownns, Buuuesaves. ke. GOvENseY. Ty HOOLEY & CAMPBELL’S MINSTRELS, 199 and 201 wery.—SonGs, DANCES, BURLESQUEY, &C.—GOOsE AND ANDER. NEW YORK MUSEUM ‘Open from 10 A. M. tll 10 o ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— New York, Monday, January 16, 1565. THE SITUATION. Richmond papers of Friday last aunounce that Francis P. Blair, Sr., arrived in that city on last Wednesday fight, and he was expected to Ioave again for General Grant's lines on last Saturday. He had kept his move- ‘ments from the public eye, and even his stopping place was a mystery; but it was said that he had had inter- views with Joff. Davis and the principal officers of his government. Arecent number of the Mobile Advertiser reports about four thousand Union troops at Franklin Mills, on Dog river, near Mobile city, “without transportation,” their supplies boing received by way of the river. The rebels thad had a skirmish with them; but their position is described as ‘unassailable.’ Admiral Porter has sent a communication to the Navy Dopartmeat, in which he responds to some of General Butlor’s statements in regard to the naval part of the ex Pedition delaying the attack on Fort Fisher, and thus causing its failure. He says that the only work as- Gigned to the navy was to silence the rebel works, and that it did that effectually on the 24th and 25th of December; but that, as Genera! Butler then decided an ‘assault by his military force unfeasible, it would not have ‘Deen less #0 on an earlier day. He is of the opinion that tho fort could easily have been taken by the troops if an ‘©ffort had been made. General Butler started on the ex- Pedition, the Admiral says, before the naval fleet was foady to co-operate with him, and thus, by exposing his transports to the view of the enemy, warned them of thoir danger. the enterprise was gotten up in a very unmilitary ‘manner. Desorters from Fort Fisher who have recently come off & the Union ficet, report that that work was about sur. fondering on the 26th ult., when they were astonished to learn that the Unton troops were being withdrawn, They Tepresont the garrison as greatly demoralized and the Quarters all destroyed. There was @ report in General Sheridan's army on Gaturday night that a large body of rebels was advancing on Weston, Lewis county, Virginia, situated on the West branch of the Monongahola river; but accounts from that region yesterday did vot confirm this rumor. On Friday last, while four companies from the Army ‘of the Potomac were out on a foraging expedition, they ‘were attacked by a party of rebels in ambush and stam poded. Captain Burage Rice, of the Fifth corps, who Commanded the foraging detachment, was left behind in the flight of bis men, and from Qhe appoarance of his body, which, stripped of every Particle of clothing, and with two shots through the head, was afterwards recovered, It looked as though he had been murdered after being captured. The Rich. mond newspapers of last Friday say that General Grant's army railroad runs day and night, and is transporting vast stores to the extreme left of his lines, where they expect bis next effort to be made, and where Ubey say it is ramored he has recentiy succeeded in ad Vancing his picketa They seport that the freshet to subside on Inst He also charges that the army portion of On James river commenced Thursday, and think that {* must either rendor Mavigablo the Datch Gap canal or effectually close it Up An explosion beard on the 9th inst, to surmised to have been a second Yankee effort to blow dt out. The freshet, they state, caused several of their Dombproofs along the river to cave in, which resulted in Pome casualties, The Yankee artiilery Gre in Chestorield fs reported as being still kept up. We publish on the second page of thie morning's HenaLp some very interesting matter vlative to the im portant emanci; ation movements |) Kentuciy and Nissouri, tncluding the proceedings of the gonven in the hatier Etate, assed the ordi aennee abolising slavery, ond We fynopela of & * } ‘om whiet EW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF PULTON ree NASSAU STS, TN ne speoch in the Logislature of the former State unequivocally in favor of the samo course there. The action of the Convention in Missouri has been rati- flod by the people in iluminations and general rejo‘c- ings, and {k will be remembered that in a Stato convon- tion held at Frankfort, Keatucky, on the 4th inst., reso- lutions strongly urging the constitutional amendment abolishing and prohibiting slavory throughout the coun- try were adopted by acclamation. Our despatches by the steamship Continental, from New Orleans on tho 7th inst., give some additional par- ticulars of the gallant exploit of Ensign Blume and 8 crew of Union sailora in Galveston harbor, noticed in last Thursday’s Hxrawp, They cut out from within five hundred yards of the rebel guardship aschooner laden with one hundred and twenty bales of cotton, waiting a chance to run the blockade, and took her safely out past the rebel batteries to the Union feet. Regarding the reported engagement near Mobile on the Slat ult. there is nothing additional. ‘The robol guerillas, who for a time were very quiet along the Louisianashores of the Mississippi, have again become active and trouble- some, anda number of Union expeditions to chastise them have been sent out from Baton Rouge and other posts, Generals Baldy Smith, Gilmore and Steele were in New Orieans on the 7th inst, General Bailey, of Red river engineering fame, has been appointed to tho com. mand of the Baton Rouge district. Communicationa from Jeff. Davis, his Secretary of War and the rebel provost marshal at Fredericksburg, Va, laid bofore the Richmond Congress on last Friday, indicate that Mr. Henry 8. Foote was arrested at Occoquan by order of the latter fupétionary, without any instructions from Richmond, Tho provost marshal says the reason he arrest] Mr. Foote was that the latter stated that he was on big way to Washington to nogotiate for peace. He had paroled him, to await or- Gots from Richmond as to his furthor disposal. Tho rebel Houso appointed a committoe to investigate the case. The latest rebel accounta reiterate previous reports that Gonoral Sherman's troops had crossed New river, in South Caroltna, and wore marching oh Grahamsville, but in what numbers or for what objective point had dol been developed. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. Kaward Everett, tho eminent orator, sebolar, statesman and author, died of apoplexy, at his residence in Boston, yesterday morning, in the seventy-first year of his age. Secretary Seward has issued an official order from the State Departinent, by instruction of the President, direct: ing that the several executive departments uf the govern- ment ‘cause appropriate honors to be rendered to the memory of the deceased, at home and abroad, wherever the national namo and authority are acknowledged.” After Mr. Everett's death had been announced yestorday the church bells of Boston and its suburbs were tolled, We givo in this morning's Heraxp a biographical sketch of the distinguished deceased. Provost Marshal General Fry, in a circular recently issued, gives as the reason why the quotas assigned under the President's last call for three hundred thousand sol- diers are not in proportion to the population of States or districts, the fact that in some localities tho quotas under the previous call were filled with volunteers for longer terms of service than those enlisted in othors—some dis- tricts enlisting # majority of three years men, others of two years men, and others of one yoarmen—and that the government is in justice and by law bound to give credit for the number of years of service which a district may furnish, as well as for the number of recruits, The skating yesterday in the Park was admirabl thousands of people repaired to the ponds to et sport. From an carly hour in the morning until late at night the Fifty-ninth and Soventy-second street ponds were crowded with people of both sexes, who partici- pated in the sport with the highest gusto, The day was splendid, and, being quite cold, favored the exercise to the fullest ex It is expected that the ice to-day, both on the avenue pond and in the Park, will be in the nest order, Another steainship—the Daniel Webeter—will sail from this port with provisions for the Savannah sufferers to- day, leaving from the foot of Canal street, A steamship similarly laden left Boston on Saturday. ‘The fast sailing iron prize steamer Julia, captured on the 23d ult., with over four hundred bales of upland cot- ton on board, while attempting to run tho blockade, by the United States gunboat Acacia, arrived in this port yesterday from Port Royal, 8. ., in charge of a prize crow. Josephine and Hannah Miller, and a colored man named Joseph Sands, wero yesterday committed to the Tombs on the complalat of a countryman named Thomas Brown, who alloges that tho three, together with a map named William McGovern, who haa not yet been arrested, robbed him of over twelve hundred dollars in gold in a disroputa: ble house tn Baxter street on last Thursday night. A man named John Wilson was yesterday committed to the Tombs charged with having, on the 25th ult., in com- pany with another man yet unarrested, taken lodgings at the Revere House, Broadway, and during the course of the night stolen two hundred dollars worth of wearing apparel, attempted to fire the building, and then de camped. Bernard O'Noil and Henry Gaffney were yesterday ar- rested, after a hot chase through Hudson, Charlton, Varick and King streets, daring which they were them- selves the loudest in the ery of “Stop thief!’ on the charge of robbing the till of a Hudson strect liquor dealer of about forty-three doliars, They wero locked up for viii MeCormick and Michaol Crogan were yesterday committed to await the result of very severe injuries alleged to haye been inflicted by them with clubs, om Saturday evening, on Thomas Nevins, « car driver on the Belt Ratiroad. ‘A lad named Joseph Brower was looked up for examina tion, charged with having stolen from a Broadway store furs worth two hundred and thirty-four dollars Within the past week a number of counterfeit bille— fives on the Bank of Haverhill, Mass., and threes ov the State Bank of Camden, N. J.—have been passed in Jersey City and Hoboken. Some of the latter have been set afloat in this city. The Jersey City and Hoboken police have arrested four persone charged with being engaged in circulating this spurions currency, named Gilbert Drake, Mary and Sarah Drake, and Thomas Retlly, and have locked them up for examination, Both the men and the women belong on board an Erie canal boat lying at Jersey City, Overa tN Ciicaco.-Ever since our announce- ment that Impressario Gran had engaged Zucchi and Massimiliani and the rest of the Academy troupe, and that he would give Opera with these artists in Chicago, the people of that city have been in a state of intense excitement. Their new opera house isto open on Easter Monday; but they prefer to give up Lent and have the Opera sooner. Perhaps the Pope’s plenary indulgence may aceommodate them. ‘The Chicago gentlemen are greatly troubled about the full dress regulation. They say that dress coats are very dear, and can be used on no other occasion than Opera nights, and they hold that frock coats, with white gloves and neck- ties, onght to be allowable, The ladies are in a terrible flutter, and every dressmaker is en- gaged ten deep. These rural ideas of fashion- able manners and customs are very amusing. By their very attempts to rival New York the Chicago people admit it to be the only me- tropolis of the country. We wish them joy of Grau and their Opera, and shall iry to keep them posted upon a Mortatrre or tas Crry.—We publish ip another column a table of mortality, showing decrease of 1.4 per cent in 1864 from 1863. This table is based upon the estimate that New York had eighty thousand more population last year than the year before. We consider this a low estimate, New York ought to be the healthiest city in the world, and with a proper administration of the city government it wiil be. The table was prepared io the City In- epoctor’s office, and is official NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JANUARY 16, 1865. The fontmene. Bebaliien, and thé’ French | seizure of tho Chincha Islands, and demands ola: Paratiel. their evacua‘ion and that her flag be saluted b; Between the Southern rebellion and the | (49 Spaniards. Genoral Paroja'e ee French Revolution, viewed simply as great} on the other hand, are to demand complete events, without reference to their causes, and es | ang pormnen! satisfaction for “all the insults pecially without reference to the question of | ofered to Spain and all Spanish interests fhat right, there are some notable resemblances | paye been injured.” A veritable case of the We of course hold that every circumstance im | yop and the lamb, And here comes in one of French history, and every point in the law of | thy old Dbarbarisms of Spanish warfare. reason, fully justified the action by which tho | «1% wo aro told by a Madrid journal, French peoplo overthrew the ancient monarchy, | «nis satisfaction bo not accorded, our vessels and broke up through the crust of European | poejore returning to Spain will leave in Pera & order, in their attempt to establish a free gov- | memorial that nene can insult us with impu- ernment. We as definitely hold that the Jeff. | nity, and that, withont pretensions to territorial Davis rebellion is the most wicked attempt that | ,-srandizoment, we are strong enough to take history ever saw to break down a good govern- | satisfaction with our own hands.” This simply ment for the perpetuation of a monstrous evil | means that, if the Peruvians, through a senso of and for the gratifieation of personal ambition. right and justice, should refuse to accede to the So. much premised, we may compare the events | syeurd protensions of Spain, tho Spanish fleet without danger of having it thought that we | ¥i1) pombard and destroy her principal ports, pao them one with another in any ge and thon up steam and back to Spain with all 4d that kind of glory. Both wore revolts against the established | 1+ now peo to be scen whether the people order of a continent, and each effectively a | ¢ porn will submit to the Spaniards; and, in rayed the power of s nation against the con- | caso they should not, whether the naval forces servative forces. In France and in tho United | naer Pinzon will be allowed to carry out the States alike the revolt was nursed when it) ghroatoned act of barbarism. It must be oon- might have been crushed by the men whose | ..4eq that Spain will have the advantage in duty it was to oppose it, Louis might have | +44 peyinning, and she may sucoeed in put the revolution down a dozen times; but he ir acted in the premises with guoh a ridiculous ex- Eh un bab a bk i oe pe tremity of weakness and vacillation that it wa8| more than anything else to unite the not gupP)sed any man could be so utterly pur- | othorSouth American republics, and, in making poscless; and bis conduct was thought to be | common cause with Pora, they will inflict the result of some deep design. Lamoth said, bloody retaliation upon Spain and Spaniards. “The exceutive is pretending to be dead.” | ,y commerce between South America and Here Buchanan was a reduplication of Louis. | spain would specdily conso, and all the efforts He stood still and let the rebellion grow into that have heon so long in progress towards a an organized power. Though his utter wait | yoconciliation between the mother country and of character was well known, yet the people } hor former colonies would berendored abortive were disposed to credit his conduct to a trem | ing single moment, It is, therefore, to be sonable complicity, rather than to believe that hoped that the counsels of reason will prevail any such complete nonentity as he appeared to and that peace may continue between the two be could ever have been elected President of parties. the Uilied States. CG | Thero is a moral to be drawn from all these ; Evrope put a considerable power in tho field Europdan complications on this continent, in the cause of order, and expected that it They were most, if noe all, of them attemnted lhe ad ee down cat Tt) because the United States were involved in reamanaied aeauie the. phainey eet ee etd civil war, and the rulers of Europe thonght it donary Prados, diilled ana Sirscon We take the best opportunity to carry out their designs excellent officers of the old French pie bee Hoy amare ie cone: oan OBE: repel: On the field of Valmy the French Revolution, Hiba ie eine NeRIAls Uroneiy Sogrolose/ one ie contrary to all anticipation canes its “Bull ges mio ure Dee le Sl lad run” battle. Had the forces opposed to the ie, Moanin te neal Oiioul Bae oF ie aso rebellion panel that battle, Wer coal have pana Homers see Dee.oning «afi they/ 870 Ane saardhed'to Paris: without panied pheaee ai k ing to their cost that it would have been better established the old order, and the sehuiltea Abe: tiem Bed sy nagar, invermmeadled tte io mate affairs of this continent at all. would have been done with. But there, as here, the unlooked for event led strangely to] pne Horala Constantly Ahead—The another result. Valmy showed that Europe Other Papers Petition Congress for had an enemy that it could not despise, and Sympathy. impressed every one with the conviction that it We ask the particular attention of the public was but the first battle of a protracted and { to tho potition recently presented to Congress desperate war. There was an immense cry to | by Sam. Wilkeson, the Wasbington corres- arms; and arms were taken up scarcely to be | pondent of the Tribune. ‘That petition, which laid down at all until every houschold on the | bas since been endorsed by the World, sets continent had felt the influence of the struggle. | forth in decided terms that the Henan was Valmy and Bull run each apparently gave | several days in advance of all the other papers a start in life to s new nation; but the dreadful | in the publication of the news of General contentions of ambitious politicians nearly de- | Butler's removal, and begs Congress to abolish stroyed the existence those battles gave. The | the censorship of the {clegraph in order that Reign of Terror that swept France was not less | the other papers may get some of the news. terrible, thongh different in character, than the | Sam. Wilkeson is a pretty good sort of a man, reign of terror that the quarrels of Southern | although he is too busy with the Tribune Con- leaders has eaused to sweep over the South- | tract Bureau at Washington to make a good ern States of this Union. Had the politicians | correspondent. We are obliged to him for been left to themselves they would have de- | calling official notice to the fact that the stroyed the cause in both cases, both by the | Henatp is constantly ahead. Almost every- blunders of their forcign system and by the fac- | body in general, and the chiof editor of the tious quarrels that destroyed all concert of | Tribune especially, has acknowledged that fact action in domestic matters. In France military | already; but we do not remember that it has success, represented in the person of Napoleon, | previously been brought before Congress and “gaved the revolution.” No political misman- | entered upon tho records of that body. Such a agement could destroy a power that was victo- | testimony to our enterprise, and such a frank rious on every field where its colors were soen. | admission of our superiority, are, of course, Here it was the same in a less positive dogree. | very grateful to us, and will encourage us to Military success, represented by Lee, Stonewall | do even botter in future. We have organized Jackson, Johnston and some others, kept the re- | a splendid corps of war correspondents, at an bellion alive in spite of Davia and the rest. enormous expense, and it appears that they Our affairs, as they at present stand, have | know how to obtain the news and how to send reached an advanced stage in the parallel. | it to ouroffice, in both of which qualifications Sherman’s march from Atlanta to Savannah is | the correspondents of the Tribune and other equivalent to the battle of Leipsic. it cuts | papers are deficient. Having failed to equal away from the power of the rebellion all the | us in any other way, the other journals have Gulf States, as that battle did all Germany; it arrays all those States against the rebel power, | Congress. In spite of our doubts of their suc- and it sets free’ an immense force, enabling itto | cess in this undertaking, we chall advise them march at once on the Paris that here is situated | to proceed with it, since it is clearly their only on the James. Hence, while Grant is already | chance. And at the samo time we really thank in front of Lee-—while the country rises for the | them for the Congressional advertisement which Union in Georgla—we hear also of the advance | they have so kindly procured for us. towards Richmond of both Sherman and Upon one point, however, the petition of Thomas, Their arrival will finally settle the | Sam. Wilkeson fs open to objection, We see great struggle, and will give us at once the | no reason why he should have confined his Paris and the Waterloo of the parallel. It is | illustrations of the assertion of the superior one remarkablo point in the comparison, that | enterprise of tie Henaty to the single incident bere we have crowded into four years the very | of Butler’s removal. He might have included, same series of events that in Europe extended | if he pleased, slmost every incident of this over twenty. war, Just before the war began we gave the " other papers an earnest of what they had tb The Domi a = Imtesgilentine ye er j ar bel gp expect by our special report of the arrival of Spain. the Prince of Wales at Newfoundland, and our The latest advices from Europe inform | telegraphic reports of his progress throughout us that not long since tho Spanish minis-| the British provinces and this country. The try strongly advised the Queen of Spain | Tribune might have taken the hint of our enter- to withdraw her troops from St. Domingo, | prise from our correspondence about the John where, for the last three years, they have | Brown raid, and especially from our descrip- been waging # disastrous and signally | tion of the burial of John Brown’s accomplices unsuccessful war against the hardy na-| in New Jersey; for, although the funeral took tives of the country. Her Majesty would not | place at the residence of one of the Tribune accede to the proposition, and in her address | Association, the Heratp was the only paper to the Cortes made no direct reference to the | that published the news of the affair. Sinco war in St. Dominge. The consequence was | the war commenced its history has been simply that the whole ministry resigned, and the gov- | ® history of the successes of the Union and the ernment in consequence became greatly embar- | Henan, Our special reporter at Charleston rassed. It was generally thought throughout | sent us the first account of the bombardment Europe and in this country taat the Dominican | of Fort Sumter, and for this the Tribune people question was the only real point of difficulty | endeavored to incite a mob against our office. with the Spanish ministry. Bui we now per-| From that day to this we have beaten them ceive that there is another cloud in the sky | constantly. We beat them, and were ahead of in every way as portonious. We allude to the | the government desp:.iches, in our report of the imbroglio between the Spanish and Peruvian | battle of Shiloh, We beat them at the siege of governments. That the Spaniards have event- | Yorktown, when Mr. Gay, editor of the Tribune, nally come to the conclusion of abandoning | wrote:—“The Henaty is constantly ahead. We St. Domingo altogether there is no longer | are obliged to copy from it.” We beat them at any doubt. They protend that they wili | Williamsburg, when we published the only full hold possession of the capital and the Bay | and authentic report of that battle. We have of Samana, but this is o threat which they can- | beaten them at Mine Run, at Stone river, not carry into effect, however much they might | or Murfreesboro, at Gettysburg, during the be inclined to do 80. The Dominican question | dreadful seven days on the Peninsula, at may then be considered s effectually settled. | Pea Ridge, at Corinth, and at all the Fremont The Spanish-Peruvian question has not yet | fig! tain Missouri, We beat themin our reports advanced very far towards a settlement. Our | of the operations against Vicksburg and the latest intelligence from Lima shows that mat- | parsnge of the rebel batteries by our fleets. ters were in statu quo. But feom Spain we | We boat them at the iron-clad fight with Fort have some strange news. It isthera considered | McAllister, and the capture of the rebel ram by that the Peruvian difficulty will bes tiled in tho | the Weehawken and Nahant We beat them tre- present month. An ambassador, or -peclal com- | mendously at New Orleans, and at Farragut’s missary, General Pareja, has beea sent from | fight in Mobile bay. We have beaten them Spain to Porn with full powers to arrange all | regularly in Southern nows and in the publica- matiors in dispute between tho two Powers. | tion of Jeff. davis’ messages and public docu- Poru holds that sho has boom insulted by tho! ments, All those triumphs, and others, too nu- EISSN Se A A ee eee ea ee ee determined to try to accomplish it by act of | merous to mention here, ought to have been re- corded in Wilkeson’s petition. The Heraty was abead of all the other pa pers in the news of Thomas’ battles at Franklin and Nashville; in the full account of Sherman’s march through Georgia and capture of Savan- nah; in our Savannah news last Saturday; in the reports of Sheridan’s victories in the valley, and in the description of the battle of The Cedars, We were the first to publish the Bank- rupt bill, as the World reluctantly confessed. We first obtained the Army and Navy List of the rebels, to the astonishment of Jeff. Davis, who charged that the clerks in the rebel de- partments had turned traitors, The operations of rebel privateers have uniformly been first reported in our columns, We published the earliest and fatlest description of the sinking of the Alabama by the Kearsarge, from our spe- cial Cherbourg correspondent. Noother paper but the Henatp hada report of the military operations at Fort Fisher. We first printed Maximilian’s manifesto in regard to church pro- perty in Mexico. We gave the only special re- port of Maximilian’s progress to and reception at the Mexican capital. On Friday lost the Heraxp was the only journal which contained the appendix to the encyclical letter of the Pope. In a word, every important event is originally chronicled in these columns. With this brilliant list before him whence to choose, why did Sam. Wilkeson restrict his eulogies to the Butler removal? Was it because the other papers have not given their readers the full particulars of Butler’s departure even yet? Was it because the other correspondents were so badly beaten that, with the mails open to them, they did not scad on the nows for two days after we Lad published it in the HeraLp? Sam. Wilkeson complains jof the censorship upon the telegraph; but, if he had the news, as he claims, why did he not transmit it by mail? It would have reached the Tribune in twelve hours had he done so. We do not object to the abrogation of the censorship. On the con- trary, we should be glad of it. The greater our faci the greater qill be our superiority. eur If wo oan beat the shor papers by two days without the telegraph, we can beat them by four days with the telegraph free. In any event, then, Sam. Wilkeson can make nothing by his petition. An act of Congress cannot make dull men enterprising or the Heraup dull. It is the Tribune correspondents who are at fault, note the’ censor; and 60 with all the other papers. Under the circum- stances, therefore, we regard the petition as a good advertisement for us, although it would have been more just had it included all the instances of our superiority—a few of which wo have modestly recalled. But the public knows, and the editors of other journals know, that, petition or no petition, telegraph or no telegraph, censor or no censor, act of Congress or no act of Congress, the Hrraxp is and will be constantly ahead, and its contem- poraries are obligod to copy from it. The Experiment of the State Rights Doctrine. Mr. Miles, member from South Carolina, the hot bed of secessionism and State rights, has introduced a resolution, in the rebel Congress, declaring that “all attempts to make peace with the United States, by the action or inter- vention of the separate States comprising the Confederacy, are unauthorized by the constitu- tion, in contravention of the supreme law of the land, and therefore revolutionary.” The question of State rights has been a bone of contention ever since the organization of this government, It has been the cauldron into which all the elements of discontent have beon cast, like the charms of the witches in Macbeth, until it has seethed and boiled over in the present rebellion. There wero four great experiments made in our history to establish the permanency of a popular government, in each of which this questio verata—this dogma of State rights—played a prominent part. The first was the Revolution, ont of which we emerged in the position of an independent nation. Then the States formed a confedcra- tion, which was found to be impbrfect, and the constitution was framed after much discussion upon the same question under which we became not a mere federation of separate States, but a united republic. Again, when the war of 1812 was upon us, the subject of State rights was revived in the New England States, and cul- minated in the Hartford Convention and the blne-light treason. It was at this time that Mr. Madison was induced to pay an impostor named Henry $50,000 out of the secret service fund for revealing the alleged plans of the New England agitators to revolt, go over to the enemy and unite with Canada, Thus we see the New Englanders were the first secessionists, and it is very likely if a treaty of peace with Great Britain had not been made at the time it was mado, the New England States would have seceded from the Union. In 1832 John C. Cal- houn, in his monomania of State rights, again renewed the idea in South Carolina, where it was crushed for a time by Jackson, but where it has stuck with wonderful tenacity until it has made that State the mother of mis- chief and a plague spot upon the body politic, to be finally and utterly repudiated by the resolution of one of its leading delegates to the rebel Congress, ° We know how the disease broke out again in 1861, and another experiment, wanton in its inception, unjustifiable by tho circumstances of the times and bloody in its fruition, was made by the political leaders of the Southern States. For four years the dogma has been contended for on many battle fields, But the mist is being dispelled. The very incidents of the war are neutralizing the pretensions of the several States to independent sovereignty. The ques- tion most prominent in the rebellious States now is the right to further secession. The Ex- ecutive, Jeff. Davis, is at loggerhends with the Governors and Legislatures of the Southern States, and the internal dissensions based upon the iden of State rights is almost as potent a avenpon in crushing the rebellion as our gene- rals or our armies. Let us look at our soldiers in the field, and what becomes of tho individuality of States? Here we seo soldiers from Massachusetts side by side with those from Illinois, and men from New York shoulder to shoulder with troops from Kentucky and Tennessee; marching: with Sherman through Georgia; fighting with Grant on the James; occupying captured New Or leans, Such incidents will obliterate all po- litical lines between State and State, an¢. when this war is over a'l the theories of visfunaries and dreamers wil. be discarded, and the sub- ftantial idea thot the dogma of State rights, in- sisted upon at the risk of the permanengy of eee ese eee cea e acc s cnc n ac ccc ee emeuteatnasmanememeeeanemrdmmaie ae united country, is an absurdity, will become paramount. We opine that this rebellion will prove the last experiment to trifle with the solidarity of the States, combined as ours are, in a common destiny. The Canadian Maddie. The imperial government must have a de- Tightful time of it just now. It has been taking considerable intercst in our affairs the last four years, looking on as the barbarians did at St Paul when at Melita a serpent fastened upon his hand; and they waited complacently to see him fall a victim to its poisonous fangs. But the reptilo was shaken off, innocuous. And such is the spectacle these modern islanders will now have to witness with regard to us. In the meantime would it not be very profitable em- ployment for these lookers-on to contemplate some of the brood of troub!es from which they themselves are boginning to suffer? We have shown how the British government has had “to eat dirt” in the affair of Denmark; we have ex- plained the Australian difficulty, and the bespattering with mud which has attended the attempt to make that country the perpetual home. of British convicts, We have alluded also to the Honduras affair, in which the Em- peror of Mexico, so called, has claimed the sovereignty of the Belize, and has proclaimed bis authority over the British wood cutters. Muddles all! .And now we have another of later concoction—the Canadian muddle—the worst of any. For some time past our trans-Laurentian friends, using the phraseology of their great geologist, Sir William Logan, have beca warned by the home government that they must look out for themseleg, and not longer expect to be defended by British troops or kept up by British money. The Western Canadians, not feeling very safe in their connections with the French population of Eastern Canada, hit on the expedient of confederation, by which several advantages were to be gained, One was the geographical and political stiongih ol additional repryinoess another. Be gain of unity and mutual éupport; and, above all, the pos session of & majority in the legislation and government of the confederation, which would swamp the Frenchmen ond the priests. All the preliminary arrangements were accord- ingly made, and promised well. The delegates met, ate and drank, made out their programme and sent it to Englaud, where it was well re- ceived. The Crown retains its supremacy and the princes are allowed to tickle themselver with straws, Just at the orisis of ite fate, however, the whole scheme hag become precarious. New views of the subject suddenly are taken in unexpected quarters. Amidst the diffioulties which have arisen through the recent breaches of neutrality on the part of the Canadian authorities, approved by the stupi¢ presses, which are always arrayed on thio side of anti-republican principles, it has been plainly seen, a8 Mr. Galt recently said in one of hl best speeches, the Canadians “stand in the presence of a great Power.” Ina moment the bad faith of these peopk strips them of their supposed security; they have sheltered and encouraged raiders, robbers and murderers to come from their territory inte ours to do us all the mischief in their power They have hesitated as long as they dared ir performing their duty in returning them under the Extradition treaty; and one simple measur: alone, that of enforcing the use of passports on travellers coming from their country into ours has nearly s6¢ them crazy. Their great rail ways lines, always indebted to the United States for the best share of their freigh and travel, no longer pay expenses, and th termination of the Reciprocity treaty bid fair to ensure their bankruptcy. Nor is thi all. Opposition to the plea of confederatior begins to show itself in all the lower provinces The leading paper in St. John’s, New Brunswick admits a sturdy opposition there, and confesse that the country presses are generally agains it. In Halifax, it is also admitted, there is powerful and talented party arraycd against th plan and openly proclaiming their oppositior while in Prince Edward Island, one of the moe flourishing and independent of all the maritim provinces, though on a small scale, there is a overthrow of the colonial Ministry in conse quence of the agitation on tho subject. Thi island is o gem of the sea, possessing a fertil soil, fine harbors and an active and industriou population, trading loyally with the Unite States. It is apparent enough to the Prine Edward people that a union with Canada an with British Columbia cannot be of any grea advantage to them; and so they naturally ob ject, as we should do, if we were one of thei contented and prosperous inhabitants, Our readers will at once perceive, therefore how the muddle has been occasioned and wha may be the end of it, The real truth of th whole matter does not lio in a well, but rathe diverse. Those of Canada West lie closel, alongside of those of the Northwestern Stater which give them their business. Those o Canada East lie with the States of N York, Vermont, and New Hampshire, the map shows and the railroads demonstrat Those of the maritime provinces are intimatel, connected with the New England States or th Atlantic, All other connections are to ther really of no vatue whatever, and if they do no see it now, they will at no distant day. Th conduct of the Canadians and Nova Scotian: during the present rebellion has been such as deprive them of our sympathy at this o wise interesting moment, and the best thii they can do is to intimate the example of thel; rebel friend Jeff. Davis, and appoint a day fasting and of prayer. We see no other hel for them at present. They are thrown ove: board by the home government, they feel the; have forfeited our esteem, they have got into complete slough, and they must flounder out it the best way they can, When we bear { annexation is openly proposed by the leadin: French Canadians as the only solution of thei difficulties, the subject becomes one of momen’ but at present we have little encouragement give on our partto any such measure, Ca dépend. The Political Decadence of a Once Grea Power. The policy of England ap ears of late to ha been essentially changed inits character. W Mr. Canning lived, it'was well understood tha) under his inspiration the British goveramy recornized jfnatitutions “raised up by ty people as well as those which were created L, kings” And it was in this spirit that great statesman gave bis influence in suppoi of the South American republics, and pi a a