The New York Herald Newspaper, November 25, 1864, Page 4

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ADVERTWRMENTS, to a limited number, will be inserted io the Waec.y Heraco, the European and California Editions. VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing import ant news, solicited from any quarter of the world; if used, will be liberally paid for, sg- Our Forex Cornes- PONDENTS ARE PARTICULARLY RRQUSSTED TO SEAL ALL LETTERS AND PACKAGES SEST U8. NO NOTICE taken of anonymous correspondence. We do uot return rejected communications. Volume XXIX....,... mate the AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, ACADEMY OF MUSIO, Irving place,—Itattax Orns Don Susastian. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Proirr Bor—Les Deux FuGitirs—ALseRtixa—Boots at tHE SWAN. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway.—Poor Geyrce- MAN—PeOPLE's LawrEn. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Corsioas Brorazrs. Pe arme! TBBATRE, Broadway.—Seaoo. or Rr- WINTER GARDEN, Broadway.—Jouivs Cacar. OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway.—F ats Won Fate MapreMieey Wore Tan Wesnt Never REW BOWERY TREATRE. Bowery. —F' . Gions—Mittgr 4ND His Mex—Map as Taare, ai Gu rd ERewcm AUTOMATON. DR. ‘sveuing. BRYANTS' MINSTRELS. Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broad. way.—Erniorian Songs, Dances, Bortesques, &¢—THow Age YOU GREENBACKS. WOOD'S MINSTREL HALL, 514 Broadway.—Dovate Rarase | ano HORIZONTAL BaR—Krutoriay ¥oxas, ances, &C, CAMPBELL’ MINSTRELS. 19 and 201 Bowery — Yarizp axp Excitixa MaLanas er Ergiorian Oppuims— Goose axp Gander. SALLE DIABOLIQUE, 885 Broa jway.—Rosrer Briss HOPE CHAPBL, 72) Broadway.—Woeprorre’s Bous- wian Trourk or Gass BLowERs. ae an YAN AMBURGH & CO.'S MAMMOTH NENAGERIE, \eao'nad 541 idway.—Open from 10 4, M. to 10 P.M. | BIPPOTHEATRON, Fourteenth street.—Doc axp Mox- kev Actons—EQuestaian, GrMxastic aXD Acnopatic EN- ‘WRtaNeNts, ‘DoDWoRTH HA: Bi a Among THE Hiei At, Romnieny <Sanrenge WASp, AMERICAN THEATRE, No. 444 Broadway.— Parromiues, BURESQUES, &c.-Sinoxs Mebane ee NEW YORK MUSEUM OF AN. . 618 Breadway.— CUntonties ano Lecrones, fom Pe Pia a oad Wew York, Friday, Geveral Sheridan's cavairy have bed anctber very apirited end succeseful e.gagement with Early’s army. On Monday lest the throo divisions of Union cavalry in the Sbeoandoah valley, under Custer, Powell and Devin. ‘pommenced a movemeny tor the purpose of ascertaining Jae rebel position and strength. Devin marched ye the Luray valley, and the two other Divisions pusbed directly up the Shenandoah ‘Valley, meeting and driving before them small parties of rebels. No resistance of importance eras met with until, om Tuesday, the main army of the enemy, consisting of about Sfveen thousand infentry and 8 division of cavalry, was found at Rood’s Hill, 8 position almost as strong as Fisher's Hill, Fighting immediately commeuced, and was continued for six boure, being during the greater part of the time quite severe. Farly made repeated attempis to dank Custer and Powell, in all of which he failed. Some maguificent charges were made by the Usion cavairy. The rebels sbowed Jiitle spirit during the engaement. After gain- Ang suficient informajon of Early's strength, objects and Position, the national frces commenced to retire. Some feeble attempts to follow and annoy (hem were made, bat ‘without any success to the enemy, and Custer and Pow. eli returned down the vailey with their commands in safety, having fost altogether, in killed, wounded and missing, only about sixty men. Our des. Patches furnish “confirmation of the report that some of Early’s men have beon withdrawn {rom the valley; but these, the revels say, bare been re placed by scattered detachments gathered in {rom vart us sections, There was grand review ou last Mouday by Genera! Sheridan of the Sixth army corps—that mag- wificent body of veterans formerly under the command Of the brave and lameuted Sedgwick, and now so ably fed by Major Genera! Wright. The troops and all the » teriel of the corps proseuied a flue appearance, not- ¥ standing the prevalence of a rain storm. t was announced in the extra of a Philadeipbia paper yesterday that Gevera! Sherman had crptured Macen, © orgia, ‘This statement could bave been founded op no eacertained fact, but merely on j & vers probable supposit As there has yet been vo communtcation established between either the govern. | ‘meat or private parties et the North and Sberman, tbe rebel jajers are of course the ouly source from which julormation ca be for (he present obtaimed of the pro- gress of Lis grand raid for the division and bomiliation onteieracy. These papers are rather reticent regardiog the matter, their editors evidentiy | with wany prisouers. of the Souther Koowing more about [t (than they Daye beart to wil They, bewever, etaced last Tuesday Bhat on the preceding Sanday be was withia eighteen miles of Macon, Georgia, as was aunounced to yeotorday'a Hsnsrn, The Richmood Dispatch of the Mist inst. says that Sherman's army j* moving ia two jeolumns, one upon Auguats, and (be other upow Macon, nd surmises tbat the two bodies will form n jrnetion at Milledgeville, the capital of the State, where the Legisia Lure is cow, OF was very recently, in reesion, I\ says fiat the Colon troops are marching rapidly, not being woch encombered with transportation, ao foraging most exteosively in the country through which they ‘prss, We have beon informed that thero Js an under Sianding between General Sherman and the Gover. more of Georgia, Alabama, Miesiseippi, Nori Carolina and Zoulh Carolina that they shall mect tina at Augusta, to coufer poo which (heir States may be Festored (o the Uaion The only Bew lew of in oriance, ja a military point of view, from the James river region, te the atatement that be torte Desorters ‘rom the coomy wii! coatiniwe Volon ites, Thay aag bat great offocts word made by thoir ofticers to prevent a knowledge of the fact that bir Lincota had been reclected. Gur deapaichss give ac counts of tbe preparatioas for agraad observance of tho National Thanksgiving by the brave moa of tbo two armies. Heavy consignments of turkoys, chickens aod otber appropriate articles for the due celebration of the day bad been received. Cold eather bas sot in (here, ‘As well a3 at the North, The revel General Breckinridge, after bis dofent of the Unioa force under Genera! Giilem, in Bast Teapessee, oa the 14th inst., advanced westward, with the apparent intention of attacking Knoxville or svisinog Cumberland Gap and invading Kentucky. On last Monday he was withia six miles cf Gumberland Gap, where thero was beavy skirmishing with his army during the entire day, General Burbridge has moved from Lexingtov, Ken tucky, with a strong fores, for tho purpoze of keeping Breckinridge out of that State, A large number of Teanesseeans who bad come iato Memphis from the surroundiog country, ostensibly to sell prodace and procure supplies for their families, were arrested by the military euthorities there on last Mou- day and Tuesday, aod prevented leaving. ‘Ihe most of thom proved to be disguised rebel soldiers, and two or threo of them were officers in the rebel army. It is said that the rebels, a few days ago, succeeded tn getting across the Mississippi about one hundred and fifty conscripts from Texas, to be sews to Boaurogard’s armies. One of our Fortress Monroe correspondents informs us Of the receut capture, in the Guif stream, of tte rebel blockade running schooner Sybil, of Nassau, N. P., and claiming to be from Matamoros. She had on board over three bundred bales of cotton. From Georgia we have an account of another rebel atrocity. A company of over a hundred men, who, under the title of the Georgia Home Guard, had beea for some time doing good survice as scoute in the Union service in North Georgia, were recently surprised and surrovoded, about sixty miles northeast of Dalton, by over three hundred rebels. The members of the Home Guard were priveipally men who had been conscripted iato the rebel service and had «deserted, and their captors, determined to show them no mercy, immediatety shot or bung all but tweaty-one of them io a most deliberate and inhuman manner. Ta a debate tm the rebel House of Representatives on the 19th inat., two or three very interesting points were disclosed. The expose by Mr. Foote of the fact that the Tadical secessionists are engaged fa a crusade sgalast the rebel Vice I’resident Stephens is oue of the developments made on the occasion. This war against Mr. Stephens appears to be extending to all the reconstructiouists, and Boyce, Brows, Leach, Vance, Stephens, Cobb and Foote are denounced as beediess agitators of dangerous ques- tions. The rebel House of Representatives, like the eon- federacy in ‘geueral, is @ house divided agaiuat iteclf, ‘and camnot stand tong ia such tornados of excitement as Sberman is at present creating in (he establishment. The defection of Governors Brown and Vance is fally shown and itlustrated by this debate, and we perceive that ibe opposition of these mento the rebel government bas vot been confined to mere argument and assertion, but that they bave taken positive action in opposing the execution of the conscript lawe. Mr. Leach, of North Curolina, takes occasion to fally eedorse the language of Brown, Stephens aed Boyce, and asks te ve hung with them im ease the confederacy decides tomt they are disieyal. He denounces Sta- ples, of Virginia, as © consolidationist, and is io turm denounced by that gentioman as one [eel ing more alarm at the eacroachments of the Jeff. Davis despotism than those of the evemy. Foote, who isan Arad, with his band raised agaiast every man, denounces every body in goueral. and declares that thic te un time to peapeee verurs of poace. The House passed, ia undue haste, the Senate Dill to amend the law a0 as to force the Militia of owe State to go to the defence of other States. Thie action bee been:teken in order to concentrate the forces of the Gulf States against Sherman; but he will hardly give them time to do 50. Ina letter written by Alexander H. Stephens, the rebel Vice Presideat, that geatioman explains bis position to Tegard to the reconstruction question. He intimates, among other jutereating matiors, that JoT. Davis is sus- pected of being one of those who opposed the election of McClellan for fear that an offer of peace, on the terms of the restoration of the Union, would lead to recomstruc- tion aod_reace on that besis. ‘The Richmond Whig of November 21 anuounces that General Grant has consented that blankets may be pur- chaeed ia New York city for the rebel prisoners at the North. A vessel loaded with cotton to pay for these biankeis is to be shipped (rom Mobile, consigned to the rebel Generals Trimble and Beale, vow confined at Fort Warren. On the th inst. Mosby executed several wen of Sueri- dan’s army, lo retaliation for the killing of hig followers, MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. ‘The steamsbips Etna, from Queenstown, and Bremen, from Southampton, arrived at this port last eveniag. ‘Though tbe European dates furnished by those arriva’s are no iater than those given in yesterday's Haxato, the detatls of the news are of ap interesting character. They embrace comments of the English press on tbe speech lately delivered by Jeff, Davis at Columbia, S. C.; re- marke 00 the Florida case, with British statements of the executive and legislative organization of the proposed Canadian confederation. Franz Maller was still silent av to bis gutit or absolute innocence of the crime of which be bas been convicted, and the case was becoming, if possible, more mysterious and contradictory, im consequence of the official reception Of post focto testimony by the Loudon magistrates, From the Evst ladies we nave very full and graphic accounts of the rise, progress sad course of the destruc. tive cyclone which did #o much damage in the harbor and ctty of Calcutta and om some of the inland rivers. ‘Tue Emperor of China, after the restoration of Nankia to the imperiatists by capture, ordered that tbo (bung Wang and Kan-Wang-—each @ Jef. Davis—should be “cut in a thousand pieces,’* near the ruins of their palaces, and the sentence has beon carried iuto execution. ‘The National Thanksgiving yosterday wae observed as an aimost universal holiday, not only throughout the en tire North, but in many of our armies and foots, Nearly all places of business tn this city were cloned, and Where wore retigious services ia the majority of the places of worship. Io the Catholic churches (here were special masses appropriate to the occasion, this berg first of these eanual fentivals which has been thus Observed by the mombers of this de nomination of Christiags in this diccere, Salutes wore fired on the Bettery aod in the City Halt Park ; the national fiag was displayed on the public buildings ; dio- ners were given to the inmates of the charitable fostitu- tions and to the soldiers in and around the city ; the streets were crowded with promenadora, therd was a general feasting on turkeys avd other good things in the most of homes, and at night We various places of amuse ment were crowded. Such, briefly, wore the main featorgs of this happy holiday. Prolessor Benjamin Silliman, of Yale College, died you terday in New Haven, Conacetiont, at (he advancnd age . He bad occupied for yours a loadin the acieatitic and litefarg circtos of thie coan wy ing and furmiture amounts to adout eight t be divisions of (he revel livrly's Shenaodouh army bave @erived at Petersburg. The rumors of recoul movements & (rout of Richmond aod Neter.borg, whieh nares bese Bwwisied ia seme aueriors ars sad io ve wlownded., lara, on ait of wbiob (hore wes \onurance. Tho tob460o warehouse of Payid Cotton, io St 1 ovis, wan deatroyed by fire on Wednesday night, Involving « tome of about Lwéaty-Gve thongens daliara. The vronerty was mooie maaree. to come iufo the | Phe Rebels ama the Amgie-Rebvel Press om the Negro Soldier Questt It is a remarkable fact that while Jeff Davis and others of the more intelligent rebel lead- ers bave serious apprehensions of tbe conse- quences of arming their slaves to fight for slavery, the London Times clearly sees in this expedient the salvation of the Southera confe- deracy. Says the great English Biunderer:— “On this question, which really appears to us the important one—the safety of putting arms in the hands of the slaves—tbere really seems to be no difference of opinion Whatever might be the case if the mob of New York were instructed in military disciplioe, and fur- nished with weapons of war, whatever danger might result to the government of Mr. Lincola froth putting arms into the bands of citizens of Baltimore, the South has no reason to doubt that the negro will fight just as bravely io sup- port of the cause of slavery, which is the cause of bis master, as he will in the cause of lib- erty.” This thing of arming able-bodied slaves to fight for the perpetual enslavement of their families and their race does aot, therefore, astonish this English philosopher. (n the con- trary, he says, “So far from wondering that this thing bas beén done now, we can only express our surprise that it has never been dene before.” Here we have the disclosure that this super- serviceable British organ of Davis is cither an Ignoramus of the. first magnitude or a delibe- rate vender of false arguments upon false pre- tences, He ts only surprised that this thing of arming the slaves of the South as soldiers in the cause of slavery “has never been dove before.” But why should there be any sur- prise upon this matter on the part of the london Times, after preaching for a quarter of a cen- tury the horrible crime against humanity of Southera slavery, and the constant danger of the slave “arming himself against his master?” The simple reason why the rebels have not armed their slaves before now lies in the fact that those slaves with arms in their hands would demoralize “the institution” and “the confede- racy,” and are not to be trusted as soldiers in the cause of slavery. From the beginning of this war there has not been a Southern negro, with intelligence enough to work in a cotton field, who has not comprehended the cause and the issue. The blacks on every Southern plantation, by Southern fire-eating politicians, through thirty years of the political agitation of the slavery question, had been prepared fora war between the North and South; had been thoroughly posted touching the great issue at stake, and were patiently awaiting the hour of their deliverance. All this was known to the contrivers of this rebellion from the be- ginning. Hence, till driven to “the last ditch,” they have st:diously refrained from bioting or thinking of the possibility of a resort to their slave cabins for soldiers. Nor do we think that even now. the slaveholders concerned wall consent to this expedient to save Davis, inasmuch as it not only iavolves the abolition of slavery—the “corner stone of the confed- eracy”—but the perils of a servile insurrection; and all for a cause which Southern men of all classes are now beglaning to consider as lost. beyond redemption. Having thus disposed of this mystery, why the rebels have never thought before this late day of arming their slaves, we wil! bring for- ward an intelligent member or two of the rebel Congress to the support of our opinion, that, as their last resort, this negre soldier expedi- ent will not be tried On the 10th instant, in the rebel House of Representatives at Riob- mond, Mr. Chambers, of Mississippi, on the question of arming the slaves of “the confed- eracy” in its service, put in a strong remon- strance. In the course of it he said: “The President (Davis) appeals to the sympathy of the negro;” but “we can offer him no motive which the enemy cannot easily counteract by offering him a higher one.” Is aot this true, and a fatal argument against the scheme? But again said Mr. Chambers, “How do gentlemen propose to fight negro troops! I hope they do not propose to commingle them with our brave white soldiers.” He was ashamed of this scheme. ‘All nature,’ he continued, “cries out against it. The nagro race was ordained to slavery by the Almighty Emancipation would be the destruction of our social and political aystem.’’ Mr. Goode, of Virginia, also, in the same debate, “was op- posed to the employment of negroes as sol- diers under any circumstances. He was op- posed to it because he thought it would end in abolition. He was opposed to it because it was a confession of weakuess to the enemy. He was opposed to it because it was degrading to our men (their white soldiers). He believed that the right place for Cuffee was in the corn- field.” To meet this testimony of Southern rebel slaveholders and law makers, we leave the British press, which sympathises so completely with the rebellion as to wonder why Southern staves have not before been employed to fight for the perpetuation of slavery. We have only to submit to the blockheads of the I.ondon Times this simple question:—Considering the present hopeless situation of Jeff. Davis, has not the Southern slaveholder, in the very agi- tation of this proposition to appropriate, libe- rate and arm his 6laves, lest every interest and every hope with which he embarked in this ruinous enterprise of a Southern confederacy, resting oa “the corne: f slavery?” Sherman’s field order for his great march, published by us yesterday, gives some satisfac- tory particulars of the manner in which this march is to be made. The part of this order that refers to the Southern people is very im- portant in connection with (he line of conduct that the Southern papers urge upoa that peo- ple. The order explicitly declares that “in districts where the army is comolested—that is, where no attempt is made to interfere with its comfort or Impede its progress—there shall be no destruction of property or injury to per- sous, General Sherman's reputation for saying what be means aod having what he says attended to will give ample as this is no mere gmpty piece of official non: t On the other hand, itis Seat ordered teal there shall be a “more or less relentless destruction of property where there is any mo- toslation of the army.” Thoce can be no ques- tion of the proprioty and bumanity of this order. The fact of hostile demonsira- tions, of whatever kind, eslablishes the character of an enemy, and « general is to fight and destroy bis enemy wherever ho is or whatever form he may assume, This ia the simplest principle of war, Wo have heard and goon in Ubia wae a areas doal of people turning out to on hostilities on private account, and while they did so it bas boon all very well, they were patriotic, defended their homes, it was a noble spectacle, and 49 00. But when the patural consequences fell upoo them, and the torch was applied to their bur- rows, there was always @ great outcry about their defencelessness and harmiessness, aud all that. Itis time this was done with. Every axe that "fella a tree in Sherman’s way, though it is a thousand times private pro- perty, is as much forfeited by that act as the musket that shoota his men, and the man that handles the axe is as much his enemy as the soldier who fires the musket. Every house also that shelters that man is part of the enemy's camp, and the man makes it part of the ene- my’s camp by leaving it for such s purpose. If Sherman buros the house, and that man’s children are made houselesa and homeless, only the man is to blame who puts the shelter of his children in peril by making his house part of a hostile camp. This is the principle upon which all armies march through an enemy’s gouatry. An army can march through an enemy’s country on no other. “If one of my soldiers is shot in your streéts,” ‘said Napoleon Bonaparte, “I. will erect monument to show posterity where your city was.” General Sherman marches on this principle, and apnounces it to the Southern people. What is the conduct of the Richmond press? It urges this miserable, down-trodden and deluded people to bring the final devasta- tion on what is left of their homes. Is there any parallel to the cowardly meanness of this appeal? Through the stupidity of these Rich- mond leaders there is no army in Georgia to meet and fight Sherman. But there are some old men, some women and some little children, and these are asked to sacrifice against Sher- man the very shelter that is left te keep them from the storm, while fifty thousand Southern men—Confederate and State officials, bureau- crats and editors—shirk a soldier’s duty under cover of official positions. “Oppose him in front, harass his flanks, bang upon his rear, retard his advance, capture and destroy his foragers.” Such is the appeal of the Richmond Knquirer to the people ef Georgia. If they do this, Georgia will be made am ash heap. And when the ruin is done, let it be remembered that not Shermaa, but those who urged this murderous policy, are to blame for it. We bave news that Sherman will meet at Augusta the Governors of Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi and North and South Carolina, and will confer with those gentlemen there in rela- tion to the terms upon which those States can repudiate their several ordinances of secession, and be once more peaceful members of the great family of States. Several days ago we bad the intimation that there was an under- standing ofthis kind, aud a conference contin- | geat upon Sherman’s showing practically hia ability to sever the Gulf States from those on the Atlantic. There is some evidence now in the Richmond papers that there is a knowledge of this fact in that city. The Richmond Senti- nel, the mouthpiece of Davis, conveys very clearly its fears of the Southern Gover- nors. Davis, tn October, denounced Gover- nor Brown, of Georgia, as a scoundrel. Now his organ berates the “same man for “dcing a great deal of mischief;” for talking about Southern rights when he ought te be doing something else, and for impeding the rebel authorities ‘at every step.” Moreover, Richmond is afraid of the Southern people, and has “an apprehension that they will not exhibit a spirit and devotion suitable to the eccasion.”’ This paper refera to a letter it bas received “from a gailant Louisianian, who, with large opportunities for observation, laments the want of steadiness in many citizens of Alabama, Georgia and Mississippi.” This gallant Louisi- anian is General Beauregard. His opportunity for observation was his recent passage from Richmond, through the States named, to Hood’s army; and the “want of steadiness” which be Jaments is a union sentiment that keeps the Southern men out of Hood’s army, and induces them to look with jealous eyes upon all rebel authorities. Richmond feels distinctly what is 80 300n to come. Having recently attended several spirit-rap- ping conventions, and duly consulted several seveoth daughters of as many seventh sons, we feel safe in prophesying that before Mr. Lincoln shall have passed from the stage of our public life the names of the Prinecs Ma- chiavelli and Talleyrand will have fallen from the places they now occupy as the conven- tional types of successful diplomatic intrigue and political combination. We bave the tall- est contracts, the loudest thunder, the loagest rivers, the broadest humor and the most mag- nificeat military spirit of any people en the face of the footstool. It now only remains for us to exemplify, in the person of our re-elected Chief Magistrate, that the worldly wit of the | Italian prince, and the infinite deceit of the French iatriguer, are as mere child’s play or charcoal sketches when contrasted with the superb serfousness and deliciously finished piotures, showing saperior skill in the same walks of art, which are daily thrown off {rom | the uopretending easel of our plain but prac- | tical Chief Magistrate. His mother wit and { natural talent for evasiog, are enough to put | the studied deceits and pompous precepts of Machiavelli to the blusb. His humor is as broad as the boundless prairies over which the rails be once split now ran as fences ; and be ean “see” all the best things for which the name of Talleyrand f# famous—yea, and “ go fifty better!” We all know (iat immediately after the Bal- timore Convention the prospects of our Spring- field Mephistopheles were not of the brightest. Indeed #0 fur the reverse that it soomed to many as if one of the fates had turned laun- dress, and squeezed the contents of a very large blue-bag into the troubled waters of republi- can politics—the indigo tinge being deep and of a penotratiog quality. The military situa- tion was blue in the extreme, and so were the ami gf ome, Tress. Ths saticale gf he party were bine with Yndigaation, and the shoddy milllousires bine with fear at the prospect of losing thoir woholy gains. Kremoot aod hie friends had boisted a sky-blue flag of insurrecti and Fremont we all well know--ie oot and nevor was mutty joker.”” Senator Bon. Wade and Congroasmen Henry Winter Davia bad just publishod their anti- Lincoln manifosto on paper as blue as that cloment upon which Farragut has since achieved his noblest victory. All the Fourlerite phitosaghers of the Tribune wore blue with NEW | YORK) HERALD, FERIDAY NOVEMBBR 125, 1864. re rm etn a tl ta NR aotual or closely” suticipated hunger; while “my Lord Thutlow” was not only blue, but early black in the face with rage because the Honest Abrabam would not arrest George Opdyke and place him on bread and water in one of the sub-tidal cells of Forts Lafayette og Warren. In a word, no picture “more deeply, purely beautifully blue” could be imagined, its only variations of color being the old white coat of poor old Greeley and the shadowy financial forest of Mr. Chase, with its many myriad leaves of rustling “greenback” foliage. Such was the scene which broke upon Mr. Lincoln as he emerged, all dusty but renominated, from the bear garden of the Bal- timore Convention—a picture to appal the stoutest heart. But even in this dire emer- gency our Honest Abe found resources withia himself fully equal to the occasion. “Desperate cases need desperate remedies,” he took as his fret axiom; and the second was like unto it, being to the effect that “promises are like pie crust, covering much sweetness, which one can never enjoy until they are broken.” His third and last main axiom of strategy was taken from the definition of grati- tude given by Dr. Johnson, who has said that “gratitude is a lively sense of favors to come.” Using the two first of these great principles as his shield and sword, and the last as his narco- tic, or “soothing syrup,”’ to allay the asperities of internecine opposition, our Springfield Me- phistopheles at once went to work vigorously at the task of restoring harmony to the repub- lican party and reuniting all ils elements in his own support. Mr. Chase, the most formid- able leader of the revolt, was heavily drugged with a sweetened narcotic preparation labelled “Chief Justiceship, vice Taney.” Weed had the sword put under his fifth rib by ® promize that the radicals should be crushed out, and that an illimitable ‘margin for a whiskey corner” should be kept constantly open in Congress during its next half dozen sessions. Greeley was to be elector at large, and his philosophical Fourierite confreres to have all the gua contracts they could gorge. Fremont was to be given the French mission and the naming of a succeaser to Attorney General Bates, to- gether with the promise of Mr. Lincolo’s utmost influence to have “The Story of Zagony’s Guard” adopted as veracious history by a vote of Congress. Winter Davis was also to bave the French mission, and his friend Admiral Dupont was to be installed as Secre- tary of the Navy. Senator Wade was to have the place of Charles Yrancis Adams at the Court of St. James; as was also the Hoa. Charles Summer and many others. The French mission was promiecuously prom- ised to the Chevalier Raymond, of New York; Thad. Stevens, of Pennsylvania, and a dozen other bidders for the official evtres of the gay Parisien Court. In ® word, all men needing eftices as the price of their support could be furnished with the same at short notice, the ouly danger to the schege ‘being that some of the numeroas “promisees” for the same place might get their heads together, compate notes. and thus discover that “somebody was going to be cheated.” Even for this emergency, however, our great National Humorist was ready—the action of first rubbiog his bands to- gether and then giving a bighly intelligent wink being universally interpreted to mean “There is going to be somebody cheated. my boy; but it shall not be you!” In this manner, and@ by liberal promises of “cotton privileges,” the opposition te Mr. Lin- cola in the ranks of his own party was finally droken down—the Greeley-Opdyke programme for a new “Union Convention” at Ciacianati, to nominate General Butler, dying as a wretched abortion, and now standing, bottled up and preserved in spirits, as one of the curiosities in Mr. Lincoln's cabinet, But, just at this. critical time, as will be fresh in the public recellectioh, 2 great change {n our affairs took place. Our military situa- tion. late so gloomy, brightened up into all the glories of a Niagara rainbow. Sherman, Grant, Farragut and Sheridan were heard from ia thunder peals all round the theatre of war. The Chicago Convention, which was as deaf as acopperhead adder—but, unfortunately for General McClellan, not equally dumb—did not hear the thunder soon enough, and was there fore caught in the very act of putting forward a “peace and surrender” plaiform at a moment when the rebellion had evidently received its deathblow, and when the loyal enthusiasm of the country was at the very white lieat of admira- tion for our military and naval heroes. It was too late for the shent-per-shent men to re- tract. They were caught “with the manner in their hands.” The fate of their party was sealed, and that fate was an emphatic condem- nation, by a decisive majority of the American people, Mr. Lincoln was re-elected by an overwhelming majority; and, with this result secured, our unrivalled American Humorist is now entering upon the performance of bis last and greatest joke—a joke having substantial justice to support it, and which will be re- ceived with tumult: of applause by very. nearly all ranks and classes of our people. This joke is nothing more nor less than a private ‘Act of Oblivion,” which Mr. Lincola has passed in bis own faver, with regard to every promise made for securing republican help! He takes the broad ground, for this broad joke, that the promises he made were to secure his re-election; but that the gentlemen he so promised have really accomplished noth: ing to that end. If they can prove he owes them anything be will cheerfully pay them; but, so far as he has been able to learn, bis election is due exctusively to the victories of Grant, Sherman, Sheridan, Parragut and their gallant associates, and to the indomitable cour age, loyalty and faith of the whole American people. Far from helping him, be contianes, the miserable intrigues of the corruptionists, the grasping avarice of the shoddy leagues, and the impracticable ravings of the wilder fanatics have constituted his only danger of defeat. To the republican party, therefore, he owes nothing, and will no longer consider himself ils candidate or patron, ‘Lo our army and our navy, and to the Americag people ava nation, he owes everything; and to their ser- vier a whole, and to the bost interests of the entire country he will herea’ter devote himself. The sponge is passed over all bis promises pre vious to eleotion, fot thoy wore obtained under false pretences: and “Henceforth,” cries the Honest Abe, “I aur no longer the representa tive of a party, bul the elect and the represen. tative of the entire Americas poople!” ‘Avd sow, baving commenced wilh a pro- phooy, we shall with @ propheoy conclude, our vatiotnation taking this shape: that if Mr. Linoola prove himself equal to carry out, to spirit and ia all Ite detalles, the eqarmous ioke ™ of which this actiole givés the outline, he wil 1868, and leave behind him one of the grande: names in the history of this or any ether coun try since the great world commenced to “spt forever down the ringing grooves of change.” The Influence of Woman—A Queen, an Empress and a Presidemtess. Poets have praised, philosophers have ac- knowledged, and historians have recorded the refining and purifying influencessof woman. In common life she exercises these influences| upon her husband, ber children, her lover and her circle of society, When, by the accident of birth, or by the will of the people, she is| raised to a sovereign position, whole nations feel the beneficial effects of her away. It would be a curious and interesting study to trace through history the part which women have taken in civilizing the world, and making it a better and happier place in which to live. It it be true that Mother Eve, the first of women, was the source of all our woes, it must be ad- mitted that Eve’s daughters have redee her reputation by becoming the source of the most of our pleasures. What the rude Britone owed to Queen Eleanor ; what reforms Queea Elizabeth effected among the dissolute English- men of her day, and how Queen Isabella con- ferred new glories upon ancient Spain, the chronicles of the past bave fully informed us; But in this nineteenth century we have thre representative women almost as distinguisi« and we may anticipate history by doing justice to their merits. Queen Victoria ascended the throne of Eng- land when quite a young girl, and shortly afterwards married a young, handsome and amiable prince. The English Court was thea notoriously corrupt. William the Fourth was neither a good man nor as good monarch. Open licentiousness and unblushing vice were the Characteristics of the English nobility. When an earl advised his'son’to take a wife, the graceless scapegrace hit off the fashion of the day by asking, “Whose?” The most shame- ful scones of debauchery were witnessed even in the royal palace. Ladies with no charactera and men with no virtues were prime favorites at court. The tone of English society was grossly sensual. Sustained by her own virtue, and sided by the virtue of her husband, Vic- torla soon reformed all.this. The rakes and Troues and viclous women were banished from her court. A» seducer, no matter what bis talents or position, bad absolutely no chance of preferment, Vice became unpopular among the best society. Doubtless there was about as much criminality as ever, for the average of crime varies but little in this wicked world; but it no longer, paraded: itself with brazen front, Little by little it was forced to dis- guises and concealments, and this, as the world goes, was equivalent to its eradication.” The Queen is a noble and itlastrieus example of her own precepts, and she has succeeded ‘ia making the English Court one of the most re- spectable in Europe, and in securing the affeo- tionate ¢ and esteem, not only of her own subjects, but of all civilized nations. Within the past few years France bas expe- rienced a similar reformation. Revolutions are always followed by eras of unrestrained corrupties, and this was nétably the case with the revolution which gave Louis Napoleon the supreme authority over the French people. New men came into pewer, and aimed to out- rival the worst characterietics of their prede- cessors. A new nobility was created, and licentiousness became aristocratic. As a bache- lor Louis Napoleon had no power, even if be had the inclination; to check this rage for de- bauchery. He was surrounded by too many temptations himself to severely punish others for allowing themselves to be tempted. No matter bow pure Bis own private character may have been, he did not receive, and could not expect, any credit for aceticism. At this crisis he fell in love with a Spanish lady of high rank, great beauty and excellent repute- tion, and made her Empress of the French. Ia spite of the traditions of the court and the prevalence of seandals, slanders and immorali- ties, she has maintained her fair fame untar- nished, and has exerted a most admirable influ- ence upon the French aristocracy. She did not resort to the rigid, radical measures taken by Queen Victoria; for those would have been terribly unpopular in France. and might have imperilled Napoleon’s dynasty; but, by the force of her own character, she tacitly re- buked the easy virtue of the haut fon, and, like Victoria, she has withdrawn from dissipation the sanction of royal example and the pretec- tion of royal favor. The- Court of France, though not beyond censure, has certainly been greatly improved by the rule of the Empress Bugenie. In this republican country we have hitherto been spared the immoralities which have dis- graced the court circles of other nations. The inmates of the White House, under all the dif- ferent administrations, have escaped calumay upon this score, with perhaps a single excep- tien, and their conduct bas been such as te leave no room for any just accusations. When Presidentess Lincoln arrived at Washington, nearly four years ago, she had a reformation to accomplish; but it was a reformation of man- ners rather than of morals. The long-haired, unpolished, vulgar, fanatical abolitionists, whe imagined themselves in pewer because Lincota was elected, were very poor courtiers. They attended the first receptions of the President with hat®’on their heads, overcoate on their arms and carpet bags in their hands. After the receptions, finding the hotel accom- modations elther costly or insuficient, it is aaid that many of them slept upon the floor of the Kast Room, using their portmanteaus for pillows and thelr overcoats for blankets. As might bave- been expected, these persons com- mitted all kinds of outrages upoa the furniture, and 4a not hesitate to appropriate any small avticlea within reach. Marshal Lamon has just issued 0 eetui-officint notice stating that these disgracetul proceedings bave not yet bees dis- continued. Some of the sofwa of the White Hose have been stripped of their damask coverings by the fanatical vandals, and the our- tains have been quite cut to pieces. The Mar- shat has been obliged to detail officers to arrest some of the offenders; but we have no doubt that the Prestdentess will dispose of them even ro effectually. During the past four years ahe has endured many persoval impositi because Mr. Lincoln wished a re-election aod did not care to offend any one; but ducing the four yours t0 come ont accomplished Prest- dentess with reorganize Washington society and banish those abolitionists who havo not learned to be genttomen, Suoh abolitionist an Repeter Sumeer, Wepdell Phitlios eed os