The New York Herald Newspaper, November 22, 1864, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 1864, NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETE EOTTOR AND PROPRIETOR OFFIOR XN. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. TERMS cash in advance. Money sext by mail will be at the risk of the seader. New York taken <a Volume XXIX... —_— None but baok bills current ty AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, ACADEMY OF MUSIG, Irving place,—iTacias 0} Ricoigrro. WALLACK'S TABATRE. Broadway.—Scnoot oF Rr. rokm WINTER GARDEN, mix Lire. y.—-Singze Lirs—Mar. OLYMPTO THEATRE, Proadway,—Fatxt Heart Never Wow Fain Lapy—Miixy Waite. TRE, Bowery —Faniax, tux arTt® Daisy. NEW BOWERY TE Sxar—Foutone 8 Frou BOWERY @anvs oF Li BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway.—Poor Gentie MAN—PHOPLE'S Lawren, PTHBATRE, Bowery,—Masarerto—Quice- NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway. —Corsioan Brotiers. BAKNUM’S MUSEUM, Broadway.—Turek Mamwora AT GiRLs—THRES 1s—Two | Dwarrs— <— RENCH AUTOMATONS—DRaxatio PERFOKMANCES=Day und Evening. BRYANTS’ MIN way. Ane Y, WOOD'S MINSTREL HALL, 514 Broadway. —Dovsue Trareck and Hokizonta Ban—Ermiortay Songs, Danes, &c CAMPBELL'S MINSTR Vanigp axd Excrrinc M Goose axv GanveR. SALLE DIABOLIQUE, 885 Broadway —R Hail. 472 Broad. EL'S. Mechanica’ # 199 and 201 Bowe Brmiortax Opp:tt oret DeLee HOPE CHAPRL, 72) Brosdway,—Woovnorre’s Bour- MIAN TROUPE OF Giass BLowERs. VAN AMBURGH & CO's MAMMOTH 639 and 541 Broudway ENAGERIE, bem trom 10 A, ML to 10 P. ML HIPPOTHEATRON, Fourteenth street.—Dog axn Mow REY ACTOKS—EQUESTRIAN, GYANASTIC AND ACROBATIC EN. FERTAINMENTS. DODWORTH HALL, 606 Broadway —Artewys Wano AMONG THE MoRMO¥s. AMERICAN THEATRE, Panromimes, BUKLESGURS, No #44 Broadway —Batcets, 4,—Sivon's Misuar COOPER INSTITUTE.—Dr. Fitzcissox’s Mystraiovs EDIA, NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY 618 Broadway — Coniositixs aND Lactunes, from 9 A.M. ull WP. ML. New York, Tucsday, November 22, 1862. THE SITUATION. Our great miliary chiefta.a, the ga.iact aod able com- ander of all our oatioval Grant, matced here till yesiercay 9! armies, euterant General arrived in this city oo rday aes, and re. ‘noon, when he (ook bis eparture to return to thy ecpery.svon of affairs in front of Ricbmond, Of Geverai Grant's arr:va. and prosence io Shia chy we have been fully ewars during al! the time of bis sojourn, but, at his request, made from t gh military considerations, bave, uot! ow, refrained Luding to them, He was present at the serenade at the Astor House on Saturday o.gts to Mr. Fenton, Gcveraor @lect of inis Stare; but in reporting that adair, formity with the expressed ces:re of the i. General, we omitted aay atiusion to Bim. T: Grst viet be bas paid io this city io the ‘asi tea years, @od eo quieliy and coosectatiously was it made that Comparatively few knew of it. Generai Grant, before Yeaving New York, catied on (he veteran Geceral scott, ‘These, the only two lieutenant gevera.s ot the republic, bad © very interesting conferéhce, and jus: before they @eparated General Scott wrote on the Sy leaf of a copy of bis Autobiography, ‘'From te oldest 40 she adlest general $n the world,” and presected it to Genera, Grant, Our despatches (rom the James river give some addi. Clonal particulars of the eceuccess’a, atiempt of ico enemy to force back the oatious! picket tines between the Appomattox and James 00 ist Friaay oigbt, There ‘was considerable heavy Oring 'u that tocai!ty op Satur. day, but apparently without any resuits of impcriance. Thore are fresb rumors that tbe rens's are evacuating Petersburg; but these receive itt: officers. The rain storm pfeveois active m::itary opers tious on soy extended scale, iberefora are enjoying comparative quiet, The Richmond ;apers @sy Grant is receiving beary reiatorcemenss, preparatory to s grand attack which be is soon to make. An officer of General Sbermao's staff, who left the army on the 12tb instant, gives a mos! ecosurag:ng account of the condition of {be army now mcv'ng through Georgia. The men bad ail been paid off, fcro.sbed with Dew outSts adepied t. the campaign on which they were Deot, and were is tbo highest spirits, Tbe enemy, under Cobb and Iverson, believing that oor troops bad evacu- dash toto tbe city afew days ago, 04 olne bundred were takeo priscoers. The rebel of cial reports say Sherman barved Atianta on the 15th fustant, avd moved tcwards Macon, encounter- fog Howell Cobb's forces @ second time, at Jonesboro on the 17tb. Tbe enemy are much puzzled to know where Sherman is golog. Some declare bis des- Uipation to be Augusta aod Savannah, while others say be is going to Mobile aod Pensacola, We give full ex- trecte in reference toS erman's grand movement from the Richmond papers of the 16th and 19tb inst. Gene Frais Beauregard and Hood, at the date of latest accounts, were stil! with the main rébel army of Georgia in the vicinity of Florence, Alabama, General Thomes is closely watching their movements, and bas ep army Dumerically sufcieot for bis purpose. Though General Early's main force bas beon withdrawn far up the Shenandoah valley, be bas left some small out- banging detachments of cavairy lower down, apparently for the purpose of concealing his designs aed re- of ‘Sber'dan’s forces Some cavairy encountered one of these parties of the enemy im the Luray valley on last Tborsday, and drove tbem through Froot Royal. On the 6 day, Union reconnoissance in tbe vicinity of Berryville resuited io meeting a smaly body of rebels and making prisoners of some of them. We give this mornings lengthy report of theexperience ‘of a Northern mercbant in Georgia for the past three yoars, and who bas ately escaped from the South. He gives fn interesting statement regarding the difficulties of trade im the South, consequent on the stringency of the blockade and the wortbieseness of the rebel currency; the dissatisfaction of the people with the administration of Jom, Davis; the importance of Augusta, Columbus, ‘Wilmington and Macon, and the condition of the country through which General Sherman is now marching. We five also some interesting extracts from Richmond papers Two armed United States steamers are reported to bave beeo captured on the Dig Sandy river. General Breckinridge, in Fast Tennestoe, is endeavoring to win the people of that dis. Grict to allegiance to Jeff. Davie, and bas declared ao am Berty to all who wililay down their arme and cease In the rebel House of Repro. @ontatives on the 18m Instant, and in the Senate oo the ‘20th, resolutions were offered by Moesrs. Ueury and Foote, of Tennessee, that the war was to be carried on pti the independence of the South was acknowledged. A sergeant of the Ove Hundred and Thirty-second New ‘Tork infantry, who bos just ecaped from the rebel prison pi Charieston, gives us ® fearful picture of the horrors jeodared by our prisovers at the South. Governor Beymour has issued & proclamation, directing MOTs garoiel examipation ang Fonieiry Wo be made of from ai. con- @ credence among our oonnoitering 10 of Geveral Pow of Gaturaay, Push whacking bis troops. persons liable to military service in this State, This official document has been rendered necessary by a letter to the Governor from Provost M»rebal General Fry, written with the object of ne , the proper quotas established prior to the ordering of aoy additional draft, if such eball become necessary. In this city Supervisor Blunt still continues bis recruiting business, and (s doing 41) that ss possible to have our quota of soldiers to recruit te pat.omal armies filled in advance of any demand that may be made Strong doubts are atill enterta.ned in Washington of the ireth of the Cairo cespaich of Sunday night vbat General Canby died w New Orieaas ov ihe of the 12th inet. ‘The government steam ort Morgan, of the West Guif biockading squadron, captured duricg the early part Of (his month the seboozers Jonaga Hazard aod Leone, The Navy Department communicases ‘nteltigence of the cap tures of cther biockade runners wbose ee.zurss bave al ready been reported in the Rana:o, x The gueri‘as a:ong the Upper Potomac, tm Virginia, accord'ng to appearances, bave mage arracgemente for a series of raids across the river into Marytacd, for tbe Purpose of stea:tng whatever they cao iay their bands Aban early hour yesterday morning about forty of them crossed over tnjo Montgomery county, Maryland, ladeo with tron, medicines, &c, for the rebes on. above Fdwards’ Ferry, and stole a tot of cattle and some The notorious Harry Gilmor, of Fhiludelph:a and Baltimore Ra!:road infamy, was their fSfteen or tweaty horses loader, Proper arrangements to meet simuar incursions in future bave been made on the part of the ational authorities, Brigadier General J. A. Hobart ard paving been musterea out of eervice, ibe members of 0:8 etaT are re quired, by order of .bo War Department, to immediately rejo\G Weir eeweral regimenis, Ten men charged with being exgaged in recruiting @ to Kentucky were arrested gueriila party for operations by detectives to Cincinnat: on iast Thursday night, These mea ars said to ve weil known rebels, and comp'etely with ail the pecessary When captured they-bad eucceeded ‘n recrn'tirg and sending off between thirty and forty mea io 6.) up @ band of oe bundred with the rue.cg of which they were charged Mr Weies. Secretary of the Navy, has written @ letter to Lieutenant Cushing. ecUng tim for bis gatiant exploit in the daeiriction, at Ply- North Carotina, of the rebel cam A be- were fouad equipped instrameota for guer!i!e warfare, com! mouth, marie, MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. The Board of Aldermen were w:thout a quorum yes- terday, aud adjourned until Monday oext, at oue o'clock, without transacting any business. The Board of Counc:!men met yesterday, and acted upon a large number of routine papers, eepecial!y re- Ports from the Board of Aldermen, ai! of which were laid over. The report of the other Board empower:ng the Croton Aqueduct Department to repair the dowa town streets in places injured by railroad tracks, and appropriating $25,000 therefor, was discussed and laid over. Tne report of the special com- m:ttee appointed to investigate the charges against City Inspector Bovle was laid over. The Board concurred :n amending the ordinaue> relative to public porter ;, per- mitting them to chi wenty-five cents (or carrying @ parcel by band haifa mile, and Ofty cents when carried on a band cart The total vote of New York State in the Iate election ‘Was about seven hundred and thirty thousand—about fifty thousand more than the vote cast in 1860. The Union majority on the Presidential electoral ticket is about seven thousand, aad Mr. Fenton ts -elected Governor by & majority of over eight thousand, Mr. Fenton, the Governor elect of our State, visited the Btock Exchan; this city yesterday, and received a cordial weicome from the members of the Board of Brokers. The recent developments which have been made in the Hxratp regarding the extensive forgeries, supposed to involve a value of over two hundred thousand dollars, bave excite1 commercial aad ail ciasses of business meu tog creat degree, There ts much satisfaction, however, expressed regarding tho labors of the detective ofcers who bave bad the charge of * work up’ this stu- ud, and it is thought that by tbe arrests been made the schemes of the gang of (orgers bave been pretty effectually aisconcerted, John Webber recovered a juagmentor four thousand dollars yesterday in the Supreme Court agaiost the New York Consolidated Stage Company, in consequence of injuries received by being rua over by one of deteud- ants’ omnibuses, while be was attempting to cross Broadway. The piaintiff bad several of bis ribs broken, erwise seriously burt. Tucker bas decided to admit to probate the contested will of John A. White, deceased. Further evi dence was yesterday taken before the Surrogate as to the bandwriting of the alleged will of the late Charies Breus- ing. The document purports to leave all the property Of deceased to a young lady who claims to be bis widow. Both the will and the wifebood are in dispute, the for. mor being alleged to bea forgery, The case will proba- biy occupy the court all the week. Ip the Court of General Sessions yesterday Joba Lina was tried for robbing a colored man named Boardsley of asilver watch in September last, in Thompson street, The prisoner stated that be was a carriage maker in Providence, where it was proved be bore a very good reputation, He was convicted of simple assault and battery sod was remanded for sentence. The trial of Lackey Manning, indicted for the murder of bis wite on the 3ist of July last, was com- menced. Eliza Murphy, sister of the deceased, wan tho prinoipal witness examined, aod her ovi- dence went to show tbat the prisoner bad treated the jniortanate woman in the most brutal and feodish man- ‘her, beating ber on the bead, neck and body with a broomstick. Witness threateoed to call the police, when the prisoner told ber be would beat her too if she at- tempted to raise an alarm. Witness, however, notified the police, who arrested Manning, while the woman was conveyed to Bellevue Hospital, where at gered for two or three days, Dat faally expired. Dr. Lee made a post mortem examination of the body two days after her death, and gave it as bis impression that death was caused by injuries received on the bead. Tbe case will be continued to-day. The movemest for supplying our army and navy with turkeys and other substantiel things, wherewith they may enjoy, like their friends at bor real Thanks giviog dinner, has been crowned with complete success. ‘The steamer James T. Brady was ready to sail yesterday with the last contributions of this kind, but she was detained by a heavy fog. Sbe will sail as soon as the weather clears, There will be plenty and to spare, and our brave soldiers and gaifant tars wil! bave themselves to biame if they do not “ sail in’ for a good dinner. ‘The Park Commissioners wil! open to-day an additional portion f the Drive, from the Great Hill north to the gate at Sixth avenue and One Hundred and Tenth street, The Fernando Wood rection of the Mozart Hall de- mocracy held their primary olections last olght in the various wards, and chose delegates to the Aldermanic, Counctiman'c and Schoo! conventions, ‘The funeral of Lieutenant Colonel Hopkins, of the One Hundred and Thirty third New York Volunteer regiment , took place in this city yesterday. The deceased was at one time a captaio of the Metropolitan Police, and during bis connection with the national jarmies took part to foveral galiact engagements in the Department of the Gul, Mayor Wood, of Brooklyn, has issued his official Proclamation, in accordance with the recommendations of the President aad Governor Seymour, for the observance Of Thursday of this wook, the 24th inst.,as a day of Matioual thankegivi og. ‘The body of @ man who was apparently murdered In o Most shockiog manner was discovered in a cornfield on the farm of Mr. R. 8, Hartshorne, near Fresbold, New Jersey, ob last Friday morning. The skutl of the mur- dered man was fractured in two places, a heavy gash war cut im his check, rome instrument bad been forced into his mouth which nearly severed the tongue from the palate, and be was otherwise sbockiogly mutilated. Two Germans, who were seen in Freehold oo Thursday oven: Ing, rcting in a strange manner, aro suspected of having committed the murder. The Governor of New Jersey bas offered a reward of three huadred dollars for the conviction of the guilty persons. A nan, supposed to be Captain Bell, the loader of the Jake Erie rebel pirates, was arronted ot Guelph, Canada, on last Saturday, and takea to Toronto, where he is to be @xumined to day Ex-Governor Fairbanks, of Vermont, died on Sunday last, at St. Jobnsbury, in that State. A box of arms and trophies from General Great, accom- Panied by an autograph totter, has been received at the Boston Sailors’ fair, The cash dowations to the fair al- ready amount to over Gry thousand douars, aod tho gross receipts (rom ali soarces thus iar ace eaiimated ab two hundred thousaod doilars. From the ot! regioas of Pennsylvania the moet inter. esting reports coutinue to reach us. New weils are being Sunk, aod the oid oves in different paris of che country are eo.arged upon and bored to @ greater depth, Tue influx of emigration 1 the vew “Oi! Dorado” is iargely on the increase, and, aa (he cew comers bring with them scfflcient capital to pree evatvely, the cunsequence is that a m: ‘ger business may be ox- pected ‘ban has bitberto beea done, According 10 the City Ixspector's report there were 404 deaths in ihe city during (ne week exding on the 21st of November—s decrease of 13 a8 compared wilh Wwe mortality of the week previous, and 59 ‘ess chap oc- curred during the corresponding weex ‘ast year The stock market was du‘l but nearty steady yeererday Gold wae iesa exc'ted, aod after open ng as 219 c.osed at 222. Goverument securities were irm. ‘There was scarce y any change in commercia! matters yesterday as eonipared with Saturday. Gold was with Out decided change, and the fluctuations in merchandise were accord.ug'y immaterial, But quiet everywhere prevailed, especia‘ly In foreign goods Cotton, petroleum, &c., were about the same. On ‘Change the flour re ket was a trifle drmer, but- the demand was moderate. Wheat quiet and scarcely so frm. Corn was scarce and advancing. Oyts quiet. Pork quiet but firm Beef 10 i:mited demand at previous prices. Lard quiet but drm Whiskey and freights dull. Sherman's Grand Campaign, In another column will be found a statement in relation to the. efficiency and prospects of the army ander Genegal Sherman from General Barry, chief of artillery in that army, and who has just come North on account of illness. Generai Barry is a good authority, and his statements that General Sherman has every man that is necessary for his purpose, that his army | is in the most superior condition for effective- ness, and that the failure of the movement is | hardly possibie, may be accepted and credited to their fullest extent. These statements are very pleasant ones for the country to remem- ber in view of all the possibilities of this great campaign, and in view of the dangers that sur- tyund inevitably almost every great military operation. It has been conjectured that this movement was thought upon before the fall of Atlanta, and, indeed, that we sought the possession of Atlanta merely that that place might be used as a point d’appui from which to deliver this biow. Some col8r is given to this view by the course of General Sherman immediately sub- sequent to the battle that ensured the fall of Atlanta. It will be remembered that that battle was fought and won some twenty milessouth of Atlanta, and then General Sber- man desisted from his pursuit of the beaten and divided rebel army and fell back to the city, Hood reporting Sher- man’s retrograde movement as a retreat. Yet, though Sherman this turned from Hood to possess the city, he almost immediately took steps that looked to the absolute destruction of the place. We may, therefore, perhaps con- sider that the capture of Atlanta was but a grand preliminary to this grander advance, and may date the operation from September 3, when “Atlanta was ours, and fairly won.” During nearly the whole of the truce which succeeded the fall of Atlanta Hood's army re- mained on Sberman’s front and covered Macon. Sherman’s army meantime rested from its labors in and around Atlanta, and all was done that was vecessary to mike it once more fresh and fit for service. Tbe truce .expired on the 22d of September, a»d Hood had moved a few days before that from the position taken to cover Macon. Macon, it seemed, was no longer in danger; it was given out that Sherman wou!d probably march on Mobile, aud Hood moved westward to a position between that place and Sherman. But, while Macon was thus exposed that Mobile might be protected, Jeff. Davis, in @ speech to the soldiers, promised them that their feet should soon press the soil of Ten- nessee. On the 29th of November Hood, with his whole army, crossed the Chattahoochee. Thus Macon, all Georgia, Mobile and the greater part of Alabama were left open to Sherman, while Hood marched away in the at- tempt to drive Sherman out of Atlanta. Sher- man bad under his command nearly one bun- dred thousand men—Hood bad thirty thousand. Hood had, by the abandonment of bis posi- tions in fromt of Macon and on the road to Mobile, simplified the question of Sherman’s advance, but he had opened another question, and one which for a time suspended the ques- tion of advance. The military question now was, whether forty thousand men used aggres- sively were better than one bundred thousand on the defensive, and holding mostly fortified positions. Could Sherman with one hundred thousand men hold Atlanta and the line that led to it against a force less than half his own, or could Hood and Forrest, with forty thousand, compel Sherman to take out his teeth and go to Tennessee? It would seem that the answer to this would be obvious to any sane person upon the mere etatement of the question; and yet upon their absurd view of this very question, Davis, Beauregard and Hood together staked the States of Georgia and South Carolina and all the important cities and powers of those States, while General Sherman and old Joe Johnston looked om and laughed grimly at these strategists of the “brilliant” school. Between the Ist and the 15th of October Hood and Forrest were busy on Sherman’s line. They did a great deal of damage, but none that interfered with the effectiveness of our army. Many bridges were burned and many miles of railroad torm up, and that was all. Then Hood began to concentrate for his march into Tenmessee and Shermaa began to repair bis line and get up supplies. All the line was once more in order by November 1. By that time also Sherman had relinquished 4 partial pursuit of Hood. The latest military ques- tion was answered—the thirty thousand of Hood could not drive the hundred thousand of Sherman out of Georgia. On the contrary, Sherman saw that forty or fifty thousand men under Thomas were quite able to manage Hood and Forrest, and that thas there were in Georgia fifty or sixty thousand United States soldiers to spare; and thus be naturally re- sumed his plan of advance beyond Atlenta. Sherman had concentrated five corps of his army at Atlanta and Kingston by the 10th inst., and bad them supplied with the best of all ma terial for an active campaign, and with rations for thirty days. This force is stated at sixty thousand infantry and ten thousand picked cavalry. Ite thirty days’ rations will, with what is found in the country, feed the army for sixty days, On the 12th inst, the line of maroh for Macon was taken up from Atlanta and Kingston, and all public pro- perty ia Atlanta and Rome was given to the flames. Such are the known facts of themove- ment. Rebel papers of the 16th inst. stated that Sherman was moving on a@ line that would bring him to Mobile, and called attention at the same time to the fact that a large fleet of trans- ports bad just arrived in Mobile bay. It is their very evident desire to give their readers the impression that Mobile is aimed at. On the other band, itis very boldly stated that the points first aimed at from Macon will be Sa- vannah and Augusta, and that the army will move to those points in two columns. Such is the substance of a Washington despatch, and if it is tre it should certainly have come under the head of contraband news@ Meantime, while Sherman goes on toward his anknown destina- tion, Beauregard and Hood remain on the Ten- nessee, Tbere they stand, utterly unable to carry on against Thomas the grand operation that they projected against Sherman. They cannot invade Tennessee with any possible chance of success, nor 18 it likely tbat they will be able to even get away from their present position safely, for they cannot retreat in the face of Thomas if bis orders contemplate any further service than the defence of Tennessee. Conquests fon in the East— Trade of Ch: and Japaa. . The opening to foreign commerce of the Straits of Simonasaki is an event the importance of which cannot be overestimated. Although the result of a combined operation by the fleets of Great Britain, France, Holland and the United States, there is no doubt thatrit is in accordance with the views and wishes of the progressive party in Japan. The embas- sies sent to this country and to Europe suffi- ciently attested the disposition of that party to open up Japan to the trade of the world. The influence of the Daimios,'or great feudal princes, succeeded for a time in defeating the steps they took in that direction. A military terrorism, like that whiok has maintained Jeff. Davis and his fellow traitors in their positions, kept down the patriotic tendencies of the enlightened men who endeavored to obtain for Japan admission into the brotherhood of nations. They bad the mortification of finding the public sentiment which they had created in favor of the mea- sure crushed out by a despotism which they bad no means of resisting. Fortunately the violation by the latter of existing treaties and its insolent aggressions upon foreign com- merce came to their aid. In self-defence the allied governments have been compelled to resort to a step which, if it does not annibilate, will effectually cripple the power of the feudal princes, and give ascendancy to that party which desires to bring Japan within the circle of civilized nations. It ishardly necessary for us to point out the immense advantages which must result to us in common with the rest of the worid from this event. The development, partialas it was, given to our commerce by the limited privileges which we extorted from the Japanese gqvern- ment enabled us to form. a tolerably good idea of the extent towhich the trade with that em- pire might be pushed. Nor is it to be donbted that it also opened the eyes of the masses of its people to the reciprocative benefits that they were likely to derive from it. So long, how- ever, as the ruling party committed no open breach of faith with us, and confined itself to its old tricks of delay and equivocation, we were obliged to con- tent ourselves with the slow progress we made. Now, however, all necessity of that kind bas passed away, and we are at liberty to give effect to the aspirations of the progressive party in the empire without subjecting our- selves to any imputation of bad faith or a desire to force’on matters too rapidly. When we take Into consideration tbe rich resources of the Japanese empire in minerals as well as in tea, silk and other products, we have reason to congratulate ourselves on the prospect of being able to establish 4 commer- cial intercourse with it that will not be subject to rude checks from its internal political difficulties. To maintain their influence the Daimios will now have to cultivate the foreign element; for if we teach the Japanese masses tbat we can whip their masters into compli- ance with anything we demand, they will soon profit by the lesson. * We may, therefore, look upon it asasettled thing that we shall bave no further trouble of any kind with them. Thus another comparatively unexplored field of commercial enterprise is opened to our penne Although in China, owing to the mixed and less intéligent character of its population as well as to the difficulty of penetrating to the interior of the empire, our progress has been slower, still within the last half dozen years we have made considerable headway. The emigration to California of shoals of its laborers and artificers has undoubtedly helped us a good deal. These people return to their own coun- try with little fortunes, the fruits of their industry here, and they become so many mis- 8 for the spread of information regard- whom it has been their habit to style “the barbarians of the outer world.” Then the fact that the Chinese are compelled to have recourse to us for officers to organize and disci- pline their troops, and for war steamers to penetrate the rivers which are still held by the rebels, is also having its effect upon their government, The lesson ad- ministered to it at Pekin opened its eyes to the unpleasant fact of ite capital not being beyond the reach of foreign Powers. All these things are producing their fruits, and the first and most important of them is the convic- tion which is being forced upon both the gov- ernment and people of China that they can no longer maintain their oxclusive policy. The rebellion ouce put down, we believe that there will be but little dificulty in persuading them to take larger and more rational views of their duties as members of the great family of na- tions. When this comes to pass, as it soon must, its effect upon the prosperity of the world will mark a new era, With China and Japan opened to the enterprise of our people a development will be given to our manu- facturing industry that will soon place us in advance of Great Britain, and that will add immensely to our material wealth, When we pointed out, the other dey, the importance ef not allowing the Sandwich Islands to fall under British protection, we had these facte in view. We beliove that the Pacific is destined to be, by and by, the great channel of the com- merce of the world, and we are unwilling to see fall into the hands of any particular Power islands which may be made to control it Vorers anv Souprers.—According to the pro- clamations of Mr. Lincoln we must have put into the field since ‘the war began over two millions of soldiers. We have now in the army must have been nearly a million anda quarter put hors de combat; some killed, some wounded and some sick. Yet, strange to say, there was a larger vote polled at the last election than in 1860, showing that the increase of tue able- bedied population by emigration and the natural laws keeps pace with the requirements of the country. We do not miss the drain upon our population even in this terrible war. More than four millions ‘and a half of men voted at this election. It is natural to suppose that nearly every man who is qualified to vote is able to fight. So we advise those folks in Europe who talk about this country being exhausted and so forth to get the last election returns, put them in their pipes and smoke them. The Wooden and Iron Walls of America— National Sailors’ Home. We are glad to notice a desire on the part of the patriotic people of the North to estab- lish asylums for the sailors and marines of our Navy who shall be permanently disabled from longer performing their duties afloat by rea- son of wounds or sickness. It is a move in the right direction. No class of our gallant defenders are better entitled to the eonsideration of the charitable and patriotic than the brave fellows who man our ships- of-war and sustain the bonor of our flag in every part of the globe. To their stout hearts and strong arms we are indebted for the victories which have given us the great har- bors of the South, and inspired the admiration and fear of the maritime Powers of the world. Without their cool courage and zealous per- formance of their arduous duties and wonder- ful powers of endurance we should have pre- sented a spectacle of a nation attempting to exhaust, starve and wear out a rebel commu- nity, with every avenue open to the world, through which could flow supplies of all kinds sufficient to sustain it and enable it to prolong the contest indefinitely. But with our new navy, manned by Yankee tars, bold, efficient and true, we maintain a blockade, such as the world has not seen, 80 thoroughly that an admission of its complete- ness and effectiveness is wrung from our bit- terest opponents. For this great result we are indebted to our sailors alone, and not to the drowsy and stupid Navy Department. ft is they who guard the approaches to our coast and warn off by their determination and power the enemies to our country. Could the Navy Department wake up fer a while and keep pace with the energy and skill of the sailors, by furnishing them fast vessels, we should bear little of privateers or blockade runners. Tbey would all have long since been captured or sunk, Diplomacy is potent at times; but the exhi- bition of a great naval force, armed with heavy guns and manned by brave and skilful sailors, is still more powerful in its salutary influences to deter foreign nations from inter- meddling with our affairs or aiding our ene- mies. Its moral effect is greater than the ele- gant technicalities and oily phrases with which the diplomatist befogs great national igsues. Diplomacy twists and turns facts and slides around them; but a fifteen-inch gun must be confronted, and it gives forth no uncertain sound. Let us, then, sustain the navy first; for by so doing we nerve the statesman and uphold him in his work. dn no way can we better manifest our consider- ation and regard for tbe sailors, and our appre- ciation of their patriotic labors in our behalf, tban by offering them an asylum in which they may receive a nation’s care after they have fought the good fight, and come home again broken down and mutilated in body, as many already are, to spend their declining days in ease and comfort, with the assurance that pen- ury shall not cross their threshold nor a kind hand be wanting to perform the last offices be- stowed on man. Jack is an improvident crea- ture. He bas no care for the morrow. He spends the hard earnings of a year in a day, and, unlike the bee, lays up no stores for the future. In bis efforts to get rid of his money he is al- ways aided by rapacious aad villanous land- lords and rascally on-shore companions, and Jack always manages to find the last dollar before he bas been on shore a week. Consequently he is always a little bebind the world, and when sickness incapacitates him from further duty he is thrown on its cold charities without money or friends, and is presently laid away in a pauper’s grave. He needs to be cared for like a child, and the nation should assume the charge. One of England’s noblest institutions is devoted to the care and maintenance of her disabled sailors. Greenwich Hospital, an asylum for deeayed and worn out man-of-wars men, stands to- day a substantial evidence of England’s ap- preciation and regard for her brave defenders, Why ehall we not have institutions of a like character ? Our navy is now manned by over sixty thousand sailors and marines, and, excepting the Philadelphia Sailors’ Home, capable of ac- comgnodating but a handful, of men, we have not an asylum in the land abt apart for Jack when his days of service are over. Boston has inaugurated the movement to establish national homes for sailors, and by means of a fair, enthusiastically aided and supported, has raised over one hundred and fifty thousand dollars to found one in the vicinity of that city. Shall New York city and State be behind Boston in tbis philanthropic and patriotic work? We have the wealth and the enter- prise here, and equally as great an interest in the welfare of our sailors, and we can bya vigorous effort gather funds enough to found an asylum here tbat sball reflect honor en the city and fully respend to the claims of the navy. We hope that our onterprising and philanthropic citizens will at once inaugurate @ movement through which this great object may be attained. Let us have a grand national sailors’ fair, and afterwards a splendid national asylum for the invalid sailors. Tue Cuarrer Exection Next Mowti.—A sin- gular and almost criminal apathy appears to pervade nearly every olass of our community in regard to the approaching munioipal elec- tion. This should not be. It is a matter in whioh our best citizens should take a deep and abiding interest. There is a great necessity for reform in the administration of our local affairs, and there is especially a domand for retrenchment in the olty expenditures. This every taxpayor fully appreciates, We do not address this matter of taxation entirely to our millionaires, to our large landed estate owners, nor to our merchant princes, bankers and men of fortune and leisure; but also to the middle classes of society, to the rotall traders and merchants, and also to the coneumers—to the workingmen of the clty, who are all more or honest and conscientious men. have an economical administration of our city government and one free from the taint of official pollution. ij tlon—for the higher the taxes the more! the people have to pay for every article of home consumption. Rents go up, the prices of clothing and provisions go up—everything goes up, except wages; so that the excess of expenditures to support an extravagant city government comes in reality as much {n pro- portion from the pockets of the poor as from the purses of the rich. the base of our voting population, any can send just such men to the City Half'us they think fit. How important is it, then, that they should select proper men to represent them; The poorer classes'are they that they should throw aside party feeling altogether, and resolve to adopt such mem as candidates for the Board of Aldermen and Common Council as may be best calcu- lated to bring about retrenchment in our city expenditures, to discountenance profligscy and corruption In giving out city contracts, to re- duge the taxes of ¢he city, and to make the burthen of taxation, inseparable from a vigor- ous prosecution of the war, as light as possi- ble upon themselves and upon all the citizens of the metrepolis. Let them shut the door closely on politics and political schemers, and let them anite with all other good citizens in placing the Corporation in the hands of sound, Then we shall Responsisiuity oF, Ramroap Compastes.— The recent examination into the causes of the late disaster on the New Haven Railroad dis- closes some very alarming facts. It seems that, according to one witness, the condition of the road was very rough; that he bad broken three seata in the train himseif in six months 02 this account; that there are several bad places on the road—one between the Junction and Williamsbridze; there were rotten ties and rails which had no solid rest except on the ground; spikes stuck out as much as two inches, and the track bent down fibout an inch; the rails were so loose fp some places thas be (the witness) had kicked them aside from the chairs, or fasteners; much of the iron ie bad and unfit to remain on the ties; “some of the iron which was broken was so bad that any one would shudder to think he bad ridden over it if he understood the full amount of the danger.” This testimony furnishes some in- sight into the condition of a railroad track which should be in as good condition as any in the country. But the truth is our old rail- roads are in many places absolutely worn out and next to useless, except for the amount of injury they can inflict upon passengers. We repeat that the companies should be held to strict accountability and be subjected to heavy pecuniary damages for all injury to person and property that occurs upon their roade. The Legislature of the State should take this matter into its earliest and most earnest consideration. It should compel the companies to exercise the striétest supervision in regard to the condition of the tracks prior to the passage of every passenger ‘gin By this means tbe travelling community Would be relieved from that dis agreeable sensation of danger, unhappily too frequently realized, which occurs while pass ing at a rapid pace over some of our most used as well as most rickety railroad thoroughfares, This is a very important subject, and the members elect to the approaching session of the Legislature cannot do better than to begin to prepare themselves at once with facts and data about the dangerous condition of these railroads, so that when the time comes they can talk and act understandingly on the sub> ject. Our Postic Scuoo.s.—Within a few weeks the citizens of New York will be called upoa to vote for commissioners and trustees whose duty it is, under the direction of the Board of Education, to supervise our public schools and to attend to the selection of school teachers. Under the new law the Mayor is to appoint seven school inspectors, and, at a proper time, seven commissioners. This imposesa new and important responsibility upon the chief magia- trate of this city. The experience of the past twelve months bas been anytbing but: flatter- ing to the decision of our voters on the subjeot. Since the last election there have been develop- ments connected with our public school sye tem, or, rather, concerning some of its attaches, which have been shocking to the’moral sense of the community, and aroused an irrepres- sible feeling of indignation against the per- petrators. These instances of immorality arose from the loose and dangerous mode of nominating schoot trustees at ward or district meetings. It is well for the bone and sinew te be well represented on the scbool ticket—for there are many cases where honest merit im shirt sleeves is of more benefit to juvenile eda- cation than intellectual indolence in rufled sbirts. But all classes should have a fait re- presentation. Our publio school system is no political machine, that may be run by Tom, Dick or Harry, without regard te future com- sequences; but it is an institution of this free land, which prospers and is of benefit accord- ing to the amount of integrity and intelligence infused into it. In order to secure this end, and to purge the system of the corruptions that have been allowed to creep into it, every man who bas children to educate should see that good men are “selected for scbool commission- ers and trustees; for upon them rests the responsibility of the appointment of teachers, who, in every case, should be selected. their moral worth, as well as for their abilities to mould and expand the youthful mind. Many citizens bave withdrawn their children from the public schools in consequence of the bad character which attaches to some of the teach- ers; but there are others who are obliged to send their offspring to the public schools or see them grow up in ignorance in the publio streets, perfect in nothing but gutter know- ledge. This condition of things should not and need not be allowed. It can be readily reme- died if our citizens abjure politics in every’ shape in selecting their candidates for school officers. Let them nominate their best men, and let the “best men win.” Tox Sucker Anistocnact.—We published yesterday a long article from the Chicago Times describing the lead mines at and near Galena, Illinois, and giving the names of a fow of those who had grown rich from their mining operations. One of these rich lead miners has made and spent a dozer large fortunes in a few years. Out West they onll such eperatora “the Galena aristooracy;” but we think that the Sucker aristocracy would be a better title, Let them dig eut their lead, turn it inte money and come on te New York, where they will find the shoddy aristocracy, the contract aris tooracy, the remains of the codfish, cotton and over eight hundred thousand, yo that there + Jou direotly interested in the gubicct of taxa: : Knickerbegker ariatggracion, the nosrolla erin