The New York Herald Newspaper, October 24, 1864, Page 4

4a ‘NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, OCTOBER 24, 1864; om the Subject—Action of General Dix. It is understood that the late order of Gen- erat Dix to pursue the robbers and marauders who recently made an incursion into Vermont from the Canadian territories and take them at all hazards, even though beyond our boundary, has created a sensation at Washington. Mr. Seward is said to object to the procedure of General Dix for fear of difficulty with England, and Mr. Stanton, on the other hand, it is etated, is in favor of defending the erder of General Dix af all hazards. We imagine there is no reason whatever to fear the hostile action of the British Ministry for this or any other cause: first, because it has shown itself resolved to keep the peace at all hazards with evorybedy. Engiand, taxed to ‘the last degree of endurance, cannot bear another war. Though it boasts of its great and increasing commerce, and looking with ill-con- cealed satisfaction at the civil war in the United States, and of ita now having the carry- ing trade of the world, yet with a commercial crisis at hand, indeed already commenced, it has no disposition to plunge into fresh difficul- ties, and least of all to encounter a pation as powerful, as determined and as much incensed as ours. In the next place Mr. Seward cannot have forgotten the famous case of the Caroline, nor what was the doctrine then laid down by the British goveroment in relation ¢o it, both by Mr. Fox, the then Minister at Washington, in his correspoadence, and Mr. Forsyth, our then Secretary of State. If he has we will re- fresh his memory. This correspondence took place in 1840. The offence was committed in 1838. The Caroline was asinall steamer, owned in Buffalo and plying as a ferryboat between that city and Navy Island, on which a band of insurgents were posted with the intention of invading Canada for the overthrow of its gov- ernment. White lying, on a return trip, at Schlosser, in the State of New York, she was, on the night of the 29th of December, 1838, boarded by an armed body from the Canadian shore, seventy or eighty strong. One passen. ger was mortally wounded, others were shot and seriously injured, and twelve others, miss- ing, were supposed to have perished in the steamer, which was cut loose, set on fire and sent over the Niagara Falls. For this act our goveroment called on that of Great Britain for reparation. No attention was paid tv this demand, and Mr. Van Buren was charged with want of oerve in not enforé- ing it. In 1839 Mr. Alexander McLeod, & radi- cal, of Upper Canada, was arrested at Lewis- ton, on a charge of murder and arson in the affair of the Caroline. This arrest excited the utmost feeling, not only in this country, but im England, and very soon a demand was made for his liberation by the British government, on the ground that the proceedings in which he took part were avowed as being under its sunc- tion. The trial, with all its interesting circum- stances, ended in the acquittal of McLeod on the plea interposed in his bebalf—that he was the agent of the British government; and this was, in fact, in accordance with the wishes and much to the gratification of General Harrigon’s administration. It is curious enough to note that the Cabinet was immediately assailed for its policy in this matter by the very politicians who, during Mr. Van Baren’s administration, following the lead of Mr. Calhoun and other Southern politicians, had permitted the outrage on the Caroline to sleep the sleep of death. We have never heard of any reparation whatever having been made— there was none; nor do we see how it could have been as long as the British government maintained the lawfulness of the act and justified its servants in performing it. In Mr. Fox’s letter to Mr. Forsyth, dated December 29, 1840, he says, speaking of the assault and the destruction of the Caroline, “that the act was one in the strictest sense of self-defence, rendered absolutely necessary by the circumstances of the occasion for the safety and protection of her Majesty’s subjects, and justified by the same motives and principles which upon similar and well known occasions have governed the conduct of illustrious officers of the United States. (Referring to General Jackson’s conduct in Florida.) The place where it was destroyed was nomi- nally, it is true, within the territory of a friendly Power; but the friendly Power had been deprived, through overbeuring, piratical violence, of the use of its proper authority over that portion of territory.” Lord Palmers- ton, in a note to Mr. Stevenson, our Minister in London who complained of the act at the time, avowed that the British government took upon itself the responsibility attending it. So, then, in fact, both governments agreed as to the right of either party, in self-defence and for its own security, to seize offending parties of this character, and punsh them summarily on the spot, especially where the government is not strong enough to prevent the outrage or offence at the place where the offenders have fled for safety, and when “it was deprived, through overbearing, piratical violence, of the use of its proper authority.” All we have to do, therefore, is to follow all such robbers and murderers into the Canadian territory with force of arms, if the authorities there are not able to punish them, at once and without hesitation. The pleas eet up by the St. Albans gan, already arrested, say that they acted under and by virture of rebel commissions—no doubt led to do so by the case of McLeod. It is very probable they took this precaution to savo their necks under advice. Be this as it may, a large question of international law is again coming up. What is the duty of England or of the Canadas (now about to assume a quasi nationality) in relation to barboring pirates, robbers and rebels within their border, from which they are continually making inroads upon a friendly nation ? We go for the policy of General Dix in all these cases—to follow the raiders wherever they can be found and shoot them down. Let the Canadians look to this matter at once, and let Mr. Seward lay aside his diplomatio strategy and be an American in the manage- ment of our foreign relations. NEW YORK HERALD. |S 2“! in| * * | by rebel cavalry, The movements of General Butler's army are agai sorely puzzling the Richmond newspaper meu ae woll as the rebel officers. It is gurmised thas Butler ts either preparing (or another reconnoiasance or is apprehensive of an attack, as “is is’ certain’ that ‘no bas ‘‘massed several divisions along the Charies Oity road.” The Petersburg Bypress says it is thought that Grant is_gotting ready for another move, “which may take place at any moment.” MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. There are four European steamships due at American ports to day, one of them (the Belgian) bearing news five days later than the report of the Sootia, These vessels sailed in the following order, viz. :— Steamships. From. Day of Sait Louisiana, October 1 October 1: JAMES GORDON BENNETE MENTS THIS EVENING, ACADEMY OF MUBIO, Irving place.—Itatan Orzna— Manras NIBLO'S GARDEN, Brosaway.—Tux Crrcxer. WALLACK’S THEATRE. Broadway.—Bosy Bopy. WINTER GARDBN, Broadway—Pav. Par—Comapr or Baxors OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway.—Martix Cuvzzce. wit, MEW BOWERS THEATRE, Bowery. A ¢ ois—Aarry Nax—Hac oF tax Tomas rte MAR BOWERY THEATRE. Bowery, —: — Love Mucmane Hovipar, ) SYSt4t—Souptan ror BROADWAT TRI oviens< pBROADWAY THEATRE, 435 Broadway. —Viorix APPOTHBATRON, Fourteenth : : Granasic aN AGRaario Estantainmanie As BARMOM'S MUSEUM. Broadway.—Tox Ti Two Dwasrs, #0, a al hous, Pn Breduuac—Bauix or THs Basexent—Pavi's Dey and Evening, BRYANTS' MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall. é72 Broad way.—Ermior:. Boxes, Dances, LBS QI - Foor Facts ox bx Kanter ee WOOD'S M 514 Broadway. —Eraroriag INSTREL HALL, Boras, Dancus, ac.—Paaronuina Dove, CAMPBELL MINSTRELS. 199 and 201 Bowerv,—V. axo Kxciting Matanos or Etuiorian Oooreae = SALLE DIABOLIQUE. 585 Broadway.—Rosser Hecuse DODWORTH HALL, 806 Broadway.—a ¥ Axonc tux Moumoxs. mi Ae a aeeasitred AMERICAN THEATRE. No. 444 Broa: Partomrins, BURLESQUES, 4¢.—Lavguing bec. There are rumors in Washington that Secretary Stan- ton is to be tendered the Chief Justicesbip of the Su- | preme Court, and that either Banks, Cameron or Butlor will succeed him in the War Department. Au incendiary design to effect an extensive conflagra- tion was disclosed yesterday afternoon at 149 Duane street, corner of West Broadway. Smoke being seen issu- ing from the building, an alarm was given and the fire foon extinguished. An examination of the premises showed thut large quantities of cotton material in a room ‘on the second floor had been saturated with kerosene, and from these a fuse ran through @ bole ia the partition into the hall. A room over this, on the third floor, was full Of gas, and the gas was tarned on, showing the intention of the incendiary or inceudiartes by this means to assist the flames if thoy should once get under way. Officer Whitman was last night stabbed and severely Doaten, on the corner of Forty-second street and Tenth avenue, by a gang of rowdies, while he was attempting to arrest a deserter. Being pursued by his assailants, be fired two or three shots from a revolver, one of which struck a girl fifteen years of age, who was standing near, Wounding her so sevorely that it is thought sue cannot recover. The Eighty-fourth regiment of the New York State Na- tional Guard, commanded by Colovel F. A. Conkling, which bas served out a three mouths term of service, arrived in this city at a late hour om Saturday evening, The Eighty-fourth has beev doing guard duty in the She nandoab valley and at other poivts, A fire at Eastport, blaine, yesterday, destroyed nearly the whole business portion of the town, Comprising about Afty commercial and oiber business bouses, including tho Frontier Bank and the telegraph oflice, Tho loss ia eatl- mated at half @ million doilors. Bauuers, BNA, BOPB CHAPEL, 720 Broaaway.—Woopnorrx's Bous- MIAN THOU OF GLASS BLOWERS. REW YORE MUSEUM OF ANATOMY. 618 — Cowioanies and Luctouss, from? A Me uy Py Salad HOOLEYS OPERA HOUSE, Brookiya.—m Songs, Dancns, Burixsauus, 3. woah ae sia '¥, October 24, 1864. THE SITUATION. The Heraup correspondents in the valley continue to Curnish us with additional tatereating details of the Rreat but sanguinary triumph of the national arms on the 19tb inst, —the last and most important of Sheridan's Guccession of brilliant Shepandonh victories. Neveg was an engagement more hotly contested, and never was an ‘army more compietely routed than were the rebels on that occasion, The fearful defext which Geveral Early Buffered appears to have amounted to almost an annihila- ton of bts ate armay, and if he is to continue operations fu the valloy the Richmond guthorities must give him a Hew one. Among the principal trophies of our men which may be named ere fifty-five cannon, nearly seven thousend prisoners, including three thoasand wounded; a dozen or go of battle flags, and wagons, ambalances, small Grms, horses, mules, accoutrements, &c., almost beyond @stimate. Noexact statement of the cagualtios has yet feached us; but-those on our side, it is supposed, were ‘bout five thousand in Killed, wounded aod missing, ‘The enemy's loss in men who fell into the bands of our Qrmy alone far exceeds this. General Gurtis, ina despatch from Kansas City, Mis Goari, dated at six o'clock on Iast Saturday evening, Says that he bad been pressed all that day by the rebels, tnd ia the afternoon they succeeded in passing his flank, hea be dealt them heavy biows. fe had just received ® message from General Pleasanton, who was engaged with the enemy’s rear. Genoral Blunt, who occupied Lexington in the carly part of last week, was attacked by Price, with an overwhelming force, on Wednesday, and driven out. Blunt fell back to the Little Blue river, fighting desperately all the way, and retarding Price's ad. wanoe. Skirmishing continued between tho Little and Big Blue all day Thursday and Friday. Price must have a very considerabie force, as he appears to be able to keep up Gghting in diferent directions at the same time. His main army, which bas recently been estimated at twenty- bight or thirty thousand, has no doubt been largely in- sreased since bis arrival tn Missouri, by means of his in- %xorable conscription wherever he goes, and by a pro- dlamation which he issued some time ago declaring am- desty to all deserters who would rejoin him. On the pro- taulgation of this prociamation many of the scoun. frets who bad been bushwhacking throughout the ate flocked to bis camps. The outlaws Quan- troll, Jackman, Bill Anderson and Holtzelaw all, (t is gaid, now bave commands in bisarmy. The first Gamed, who is notorious for his murders asd incen- @iarism at Lawrence, Kansas, as well as for @ long list of Other outrages, holds a brigadier generalship. Tho examination of thirteen of the Vermont raiders who are vow confined in the jail at St. Johns, Canada, will commence to-day, They all claim to belong to the rebel army. We are informed from Washington that our Goverment will act in tbe most energetic man- for in roference to the St, Albans, tbe lake Bod ali other rebel raids from Canada. Gene ral Dix, who bas been in Washington to confer with tho administration, is to be sustained in the action which be ook to capture the raiders, by sending troops across the Camadiao border to pursue them. A despatch said to aave been sent to George N. Sanders by one of the raiders @eems Lo imply that that individual was concersed in the 9s, Albans affair, By way of Cairo we bave New Orleans advices as late w the 16th inst. No new military movements of impor. taoce ie the Gulf Department are reported. It is said that the Mexican Goveral Cortina, tired of being a pat- riot and adhering to the republican cause, bas sur- rendered himself and bis forces to the imperialiste, and eocepted a brigadior general’scommission from Maximi- so. Gonerai Drayton bas saceeeded Ford in command Of the rebel troops at Brownsvilie. General Huribut, commanding the Department of the Gulf, bas issued an order regulating plagtation labor. All still remains quiet in the armies in front of Richmond and Petersbarg. It is said that high military Guthorities in Washington openly express the opinion thay Grant is vow able to take Richmond at any time, with @ few hours hard fighting, and force Lee either to capitoiste or retreat. The reason that ‘hho does not doa0 is said to be bis confidence in ultimately taking ft without the sscrifice of life which its capture at the present time would involve. ‘Though telegraphic communication with Atlanta is un- obstructed, we have no later intelligence from General Bberman. The region of country through which be was moving at tho date of last accounts was rather un. favorable for either the telegraph or couriers, fod, being solely devoted to his grand object, he finds litte leisure to send deepatches, which will no Boudt come along in good time, when he bas finished the ‘work be now has on bis hands, The epprebensions of an @tlack on Memphia by @ force under Dick Taylor have deen dispotioa. Captain Ashiey, of the ship Carolus Magnus, at this Port from Loudon, reports tbat on the 14th of September, Yo the mouth of the Kogiwh channel, be spoke @ bark ‘which bad speken the rebel privateer Tallahassee the @qame day. On the 24 of October Captain Ashley saw, on ‘Abe eastern edge of the Banks of Newfoundiand, tbe deck [ef 0 hip which bad been barned. | We give to-day extracts from Richmond papers offfri- ‘We have a statertoat from Mobile thet on The Political and Military Situation of the Country. What is the political afd military situation of the republic? What is the preseut position of the Presidential candidates betore the peo- ple? What are the military prospects? After weeks and months of political recon- noissances aud skirmishes; after feint advances, and demonstrations and manceuvres of all sorts and sizes, the great contest for the Presidency has taken definite shape. Reconnoissances have told all that it was necessary to know; feints and demonstrations bave diverted atten- tion from important points and been seasonably seen through on either side; the skirmishers have been called in and the cavalry have been put in their appropriate place, and all is ready for the final grand settlement. The issue is to be determined by the masses of the people who stand opposed on the great questions of na- tional policy and progress. On the one band stand Lincoln and Johnson—the Baltimore platform and the republican party. All these have the sympathies of the people, fn 8o far as they are commited to the positive prosecution of the war for the national honor and for the territory and political unity of this nation; but all these are also feared by many honest men in the country, who see in the republican party an ambitious clique disposed to divert the war from these great purposes, and to use it and the blood of the people in carrying out the views of a faction. On the other hand we have McClellan and Pendleton, and both of these are now squarely placed on a positive Union platform. McCleilam has in his favor his great personal popularity and the reflec- tion that, though untried, he cannot blunder more greatly than Lincoln has done, His danger with the people is still and will be, that though he has repudiated the peace policy, he is inevitably affiliated with the peace party. His platform 1s clear—Pendleton’s platform, according to his letter published yesterday, is clear; but the fact that these had to be written to cover up a platform that may still express the views of some of McClellan’s sup- porters is the great danger in his case. Nearly four years of war have finally brought the military situation to a distinct and definite issue—an issue that every intellect can easily grasp. Four years ago we began war on the outer limit of an immense circle, and that circle enclosed a territory equal in intrinsic richness to any that men ever fought for. We proposed to prosecute the war on what was vaguely denominated an anaconda system; and in fact we indented the circle here and there in a very ineffective way. It was hard for any one to see when we were to reach the end by that means. But our skir- mishes and useless battles are done with now. We have gone into the heart of the country— we have reclaimed the immense tracts that were seized by insurrection, and now all that is left of the rebellion—all that we have to overthrow in order to establish the supremacy of the United States government—are the armies of Hood and Lee. Indeed, we ave to destroy actually but one of these—for they are Siamese twins in this respect—that a fatal blow given to one will kill the other. Early and Longstreet may now be counted out of the fight. Lee, with eighty thousand men of all kinds, soldiers and militia, and Hood with not more than thirty thousand soldiers, are the re- bellion. And to finally annihilate this rebel- lion—to wipe off from the face of the earth the last remnant of the powef that once threat- ened our existence as a nation—we have Sherman, with his army, in hot pursuit of Hood’s fugitive force; and we have Grant quietly and patiently laboring to nullify Leo’s fortifications, that he may hurl his immense army at that of Lee in the full consciousness that he can destroy it on the very day when be can get at it. Such, then, is the present situation of the country in @ political and military point of view. It is eminently a situation that tho people may feel comfortable over. Our mili- tary prospect is reduced as near to a certainty as any prospect can be, and it must all go our own way, and the political prospect is a good one whatever-may be the result of the election. No party can revive the confederacy, nor is it, to be soberly supposed that any party ever meant to, despite the clamor of the extremists on either side. In two weeks from to-morrow the question of the Chief Magistracy for the next four years will be settled by the people; and these great Ae his the peeple, Grant and Sherman, bid fair tle speedily and definitely the great question of mili- tary supremacy between the North and South. The country may awalt beth decisions with cel confidence - Mr. Livooiy on Farm Puay.—In his reply to the protest ef the Teanessee gentlemen, who approached him the other day on the question of Governor Johnson’s “osth” proclama- tion, Mr. Lincola has made a point which will give great satisfaction. He pledges himself that neither in Tennessee nor anywhere else will b@interfere with the Presidential election fo apy Way whatever, except to give protection violence. This declaration will allay e good deal of uncasiness and doubt concerning the fairness of the approaching contest, and Till ailgaoe euch of those oq bare heen por: nosticating violence and interruption of an honest balfot. If Mr. Lincoln will say as much for the partisan friends and journals of the ad- ministration, be will be doing @ good thing. Especially he should take care thet the aol- diers and sailors are fairly dealt with; that the same facilities are afforded to democrats as to republicans in the army and navy, and that there shall be uo interference with the trans- miasiou of the votes to their proper destioa- tion. Heod and Beauregard in Georgia and Tenmessee—The Rebel Press. The Richmond journals and their sympathizers and abettors in this city, the World and News, bave very keen eyes for the victories that Hood may possibly coin. Only a few days ago they were in ecatasies over the news from Georgia. Our army was to fight or starve; Hood bad “his claws” in some nameless place “where he wanted them;” Sherman’s communications were cut; Sherman was to be annihilated in a, day or two, and Sherman—that “smatterer in military science” —was a very great fool not to know what every rebel editor and correspond- ent could very plainly eee—that he, the said Sherman, ought to retreat immediately. But that is pretty well done with now. Hood has not choked Sherman out of Georgia, but has retreated very precepitately rather than stand that very battle which was announced as Sher- man’s only alternative. But there is something more. Now that Hood retreats from the rail- road with Sherman at his heels we hear that Hood never cared about the railroad at all. It was a ruse. He only went there to entice Sherman out of Atlanta, and to tempt bim in pursuit away from the line of railroad and into the moun- tains, so that Hood could suddenly cross the Tennessee and advance towards Nashville, and even to the Ohio, perhaps. Tuat specula- tive Munchausen, Generali Bewuregard, haa prontised to drive the Yaudkees not only out of Georgia, but even out of Tennessee, in sixty days. This new and wonderful plan involves a concentration of the rebel forces et Luats- ville, Ala., the investment and capture of tbat place, and @ northward advance, the base of the rebel army being at Tuscumbia. It ia wonderful how the rebel sympataizers gloat over the airy probabilities of this new fuiure. But there is a little difficulty. Hood cannot have any base of supplics at Tuscumbia, for the line of railroad necessary to the use of that point as a base is in the bands oi the horrid Yankees. There is another difficulty also. It is worthy of notice that in this plan for rebel operations not the least allowance is‘made for General Sberman. That “smatterer in mili- tary science” is left out of view, and yet it is quite certain that he was in Georgia recently with an army of from sixty to one hundred thousand men. Have the rebels and their sympathizers forgotten that fact ? Great expectations are formed on this rebel advance both in Richmond and in this city, as an assistance to the peace party in the coming elections. The curious observer will find that the journals which make the most noise on this subject have very little to say about Sheridan and the magnificent victory so lately gained in the valley. They have forgotten that there is a Shenandoah valley. Grant has been forgotten. Sherman is forgotten. Sheridan is forgotten. Wonderful forgetfulness! No one is remem- bered but Hood, Beauregard and Davis. Test QuESTIONS AT THE APPROACHING Exxo- Tions.—It is now ascertained for certain that the railroad, stage and gas companies of this city are going before the next Legisiature for power to raise the rates of charges (o which they are limited by their charters. A large amount of money is to be spent to secure such a lobby as will powerfully assist the application. The people of New York had better look out in time, or they will find heavily increased passenger aud gas rates saddled upon them. In principle nothing can be more unfair than the demands of these companies. They hold valuable charters, obtained without com- pensation to tle city, and they have nearly all been making enormous profits. If the war prices of commodities affect them somewhat, they should balance their former gains against their present diminished returns. It is too much to expect that the public will part gra- tuitously with valuable privileges of this kind and then allow those who have made such large profits out of them to raise their charges at pleasure. This was never contemplated by the Legislature nor even by the companies themselves, as they took their charters on the understanding that the rates fixed in them wero to be final. There is but one way to neu- tralize the corrupt influences that will be brought to bear to secure compliance with the applications of the companies. Let every can- didate for election, both gubernatorial and legislative, be asked to give pledges that they will not favor or support them. Those who are against the citizens of New York on these questions are not entitled to their votes. Let the tests be at once put to Governor Seymour and Mr. Fenton, and then to every candidate for the Assembly. In this way we shall know how to vote understandingly. Toe Bririsx American Feperation.—The construction of the new government of Con- federate States in British North America ap- pears to assimilate almost exactly to that of the home government in Great Britain ; so that, with the exception of a union under one ex- ecutive head and one common parliament, the change does not amount to much. We assume that the intentions of the delegates in confer- ence was to accomplish a result with somewbat more of @ republican tendency. However, if, as now stated, they design that the Governor General shall be appointed by the crown of England, and also the members of the upper, or aristocratic, house, and that the Ieutenant gov- ernors of the different provinces are to be ap- pointed by the Governor General, her Majesty's appointee and viceroy, there is no power left to the people except the election ef members for the lower house. This is almost identically the form of government existing in Great Bri- tain. A lord lieutenant resides in Dublin Cas- tle, governing, in the name of the Queen, that province of the British empire. Another vice- roy, residing possibly in Quebeo, will govern the other province en this continent. The upper and lowor houses ef parliament will be constituted on the same principle as the houses oflords and commons. The change, then, will be simply from a digointed number of @olonies to @ consolidated British Ameri- empire, ff the intentions of the con- @s mow snnouncéd, are carried out, But we have mo expectation that such 0 condition of things is possible in the _ Thapoonlanre too etrenals purchase. Bread, however, is a necessity with all classes, the poor especially, and these should be protected from imposition. In Con- stantinople, when the bakers have been some- times rapacious beyond all endurance, the gov- ernment has sometimes ordered their heads to be placed in theirown baskets. A good assize and good sized loaves in the baskets of the people would satisfy us. GRANT. Me. 8. Cadwallader’ . Ony Pour, NOTHING NEW. No news worth reporting bas reached here from either front (or the past twenty four bours. The weathor,uas grown cloudy and threatens rain, A PROMOTION. A matter of geome local interest has just transpired. Colonel Pitkin, Depot Quartermaster at City Poivt, was potified last jing by the Governor of Vermont of hie appoiotment as Quartermaster Geveral of that State, with the rank of Brigadier General, aud requested te returo immediately aud enter on the duties of the oflice. He will probably resign bis commiseion in the army and retury within a few days, It is due to Colonel Pitkin to say that be has proven one of the ablest officers in hts imbued with republican affiliations. Their bor- ders are too close to the United States: The experiment may be tried, butit will not be long before a solution is arrived at. A Remepr Acawat ras Raruroan [upost- Tions.—The real and proper remedy against the railroad outrage is in the hands of any public spirited eitiz:n who chooses to make use of it. In demanding more than five cents of the passengers who ride in their oars the railroad companies violate the specific provi- sions of certain State and municipal laws; and in enforcing a demand which they have no right to make, they become outlaws. Although the police are for the time arrayed on the side of the car companies their action is none the less unjust; and the police might with the same propriety be ordered to assist any high- wayman in the enforcement of the demand that he may make for a traveller’s purse or for any part of the contents of that purse. Now the laws which these companies thus vio- late are the respective charters of the compa- nies; and it is for any citizen to test the simple question whether or no such @ viola- tion does not vacate the charter. Have | department, and will bonor any rank or position assigned the companies the right to run their | bim in that particular branch of the service. cars in any other manner than in | 4 P88 FOR THE rinst MAN WHO RAIAKS THE STARS AND STRIPES IN RIOHMOND, Some two or three weeks since @ letter was reccived from Washington city by General Grant, enctosing one hundred dollars to be given as a prizoto the man who Orat raises the Stars and Stripes in the city of Richmond. ‘Westerday the following was received from an also um- known source:— the manner specified by !aw? Has the Sixth avenue line the right to run its cars io any other streets than those specified in its charter? It certainly has not; and its charter is just as apecific ag to what fare shall be exacted as it is as to what streets the cars sbould runin. Our courts will in all probability decide that these companies bave no longer any legal existence, and no rigbt to encumber the publio streets. Let some citizen who has been violently ejected from a cargo before the District Attorney, or other proper authority, and move for an in- junction to prevent the running of the cars. Let the people test this question fairly at once. Let us see whether the lawa made for the pro tection of the people are suflicient for the pur- pose, or whether they are to be ignored with impunity whenever it may sult the interests of capitalists. Let us know whether « moneyed corporation is any leas subject to the ‘aws than individuals are. The car: companies aay that they make this increased demand “by authority of the United States revenue law.” This is a cunningly de- vised pretext. By this means they hoped to take the people on the weak point of patriot- ism. They thought that every one would ac- quiesce readily in the increase rather than op- pose a tax laid by the government for the necessities of the country. But the revenue law bas nothing to do with it The revenue law requires one-eighth of a cent on every fare. Let the companies collect that, and the people will not grumble. It is difficult, per- haps; but the companies must get over their own difficulties. They say it is impossible to collect fractions of a cent; and if that is true, so much the worse for the companies. It is certain that the companies, under the pretext of collecting from every passenger one-eighth of a cent for the government have seized from every passenger seven-cightha of a cent for themselves, and It is this seizure of geven- eighths, and not the asscssment of one+ightb, that the people resist. It is this seizure that has violated and vacated the charter of every company except that on the Fourth avenue, and therefore these companies must be enjoined from further occupancy of theastreets. Let the people take advantage of the opportunity that the companies have thus made to reorganize the whole car system. Let the charters be given to new and better men; or better still, let the charters not be given to any one. If the people move properly in the matter these charters can be made valuable pieces of property to the city. If they pass into the hands of the city government, and under its control, they oan be let from year to year as the various ferries are, and can be made a most effective means to lighten that vast load of taxes that our cilizens are made to bear. Cavr ——, Oct. 7, 1864 Lieutenant General U. & Grant, commanding United States forces:— Grngeat—I send you ten dollars tu be added to the one hundred already in your hands tobe given to the Oret «man of our army who sball vgain unfurl the Stars aod Stripes in the city of Richmond, rom a soldier way off in the West, who likes your way of doing things, and wishes to (uc word he bad a» obance to win bis money back. All bope there may be but the forerunners of other and larger contributions for the game purpose, until the sum eball be sufliciently flarge to substantially benefit the brave fellow to whom it will ‘nally be awarded. Roll on the ball. Swell tue (und to ope thousand—te wooty-fve (bousand doilars. It can be done. The Press Despatch. Wasa'xgon, Ort, 23, 1864, The mati boat from City Point to-day brings 00 news of im; ortance. A large number of sick bave already been removed from the Army of the Pyiomao to more comfortable looutities. Tho Operatic Season. WHAT GAS BREN DONS AND WHAT [3 TO COME. ‘The present operatic season at the Academy of Musie has already included a variety of entertainment whieh few if apy Europeaa impressarios would offer to thee patrons in the same space of time. Fourteca evening per- formances and one matinee have been given—three of them ta Brook!yo—in which Verdi bas been represented by his Trovatore, Ballo in Maschera and Traviata; Doni- sotti by Lu Borgia, Lucia di Lammermoor an@ Poliuto, and Gounod by bis inevitable Faust. Trovatere,. Lucrezia, Lucia, Faust and the Ballo bave all met with @ success which secured them a second performance, anda similar repetition is in store for Poliuto, This last opera has, indeed, been the signal triumph of the season, al- most justifying the strong announcement of the manage- tment that it ‘‘bas croated the greatest sensation ever kuown in the history of lyric drama in america.” It ‘will be repeated to-morrow evening in this city, and o« Thursday evening in Brooklyn. This evening Flotow’s Martua will be given. ‘The magnificent successes achieved by our cew prime donna, Carozzi Zucchi, are becoming the leading topic of conversation in musica! aud fashionable circles; and Mas- similiani comes tw for a share of the praise, though pub- lie opinion as to bis status is not so clearly defined. His more receat performances show that he can, whea fairly @roused to action, manifest that sacred fire of genies which the prima donna be is fortunate to sing with 6o largely displays. Zucchi’s personal appearance is muck in her favor. To # noble, commanding figure she adds an exquisite grace of gesture and movement which is never at fault. Walking or kweeling, she shows in every situation the natural grace of a lady and the ease of one long acquainted with tne stage. Hor features, if aos strictly beautiful, are nobly expressive, and susceptibie to the play of every emotion which the composer or librettist seeks to call forth. Indeed, of sil ber prede- cessors on our lyric stage, only Grisi seems te bave eo thoroughly united all tne qualifications of a gran@ lyric artiste; but while Le Diva came to us when pest tho summer of Life and with powers perceptibly waniog, we bave Zucchi singing and acting to a New York sudi- ence while in the very genith of her splendid abilities. In dress as well as io other points this prima Goons is worthy of mention. Her costumes io Trovatore aed Poluto are especially worthy of notice, Indeed, al the loading artists this season are dressed with singular propriety aod richness. Their costumes in the Poliato, (or inatance, are real studies—as elegant as they are tree to the period they represent. The sudiences, so far, have been good, and tm several instances crowded. A vast number of strangers visit the Academy every opera night, though, as yet, many of the old habitues fare missing. Probably they are waiting till after election, when Maretzek will bring out Donizetti's Dom Sebastian, which will be # spectacular as woll as a masi- cal govelty. Artists bi ‘been at work ov oew scenery for some two months, and among the features of the piece will be a funeral procession by torcblight, and the departure of a ship, as in the Sicilian Vespers, bearing away afull band of music. There qill be no opera dur- tng Clection week. Faust was given on Saturday night ia Brooklyn; and & there were apy evidence required that Brooklyn people jiate opera when it ts well produced, and the selec- tiom is a pepuiar one, it was supplied on that might. One of the most brilliant and fashionable assemblages perhaps ever called together in Brookiyn was present on tat oo- cagion, The opera was well sung, with its New Yor cast, and the audience were positively dolighted Cost or Tus War—The copperhead organs sre continually ringing the changes on the dead loss occasioned to the country by its war expenditure. While it would be easy to show that all the money expended in putting down the rebellion is not permanently lost, yet it is clear that immense sums of money have been utterly wasted and thrown away. But the sums spent in fortifying the approaches to our seaboard cities are, for instance, no loss. Sooner or later this work had got to be done, and it was, perhaps, better that the conscions- ness of our weakness in this regard should be forced upon us by internal than by external difficulties. The harbor defences of New York and Boston are now ina condition which will rer those cities impregnable to attack by foreign fleets, and the money spent on those of the Southern ports will be so much clear gain to the govetnment by and by. When we see Great Britain and France, after an annual expenditure of millions on their harber defences during the last half century, compelled to over- haul them at an enormous cost, so as to adapt them to resist the improved war vessels and artillery of the day, we may consider that the money expended by us in this way is laid out at profit. And go it is with our navy to a certain extent. The corrup- tion and blundering of the department uoder old Father Welles have not prevented its im- provement in the education and experience gained by the gallant officers and crews of the five hundred miserable vessels, which must be of permanent value to us. Neither is the enormous amouat of material of war which bas accumulated on our hands to be con- sidered aloss. The dangers to which we were exposed at the commencement of the rebellion by our dependence on foreign sources for such supplies show how necessary it is that a nation shall not allow its love of peace to blind it to the necessity of being always prepared for a different state of things. This is as true of the South as of the North. The fact ie—and it will be recognized by and by—the conflict we are engaged in is, in many respects, a gain to us. It is.all nonsense to talk of the sums ex- pended in it being hopelessly sunk. Nations are like individuals. When they go into a new line of business they must have stock of jsmaterials to begin with. We shall, no doubt, make our newly acquired taste for military and naval pursuits pay handsomely after suppressien of the rebellion, and when we tak England and Fraace in band. a Breap awp Tes Baxers.—In another part of fe ae Will be found some interesting Grovor's German opera opened at the Boston Academy of Music on Monday. The attendance during the weet has been largo. Gottschalk bas fust recefved a jettor from Senor Pacheco, informing him that ber Majesty the Queen of Spain had signed a decree making bim « Koight of the Order of Charles the Third. The communication of the Spanish Premier is couched in the most flattering terms to the distinguished pianist. Le Regina di Cypra, by Pacini, has been very sue- cessfully produced at Trieste, The new theatre, which is to be opened at Naples before the end of this month, is to be called Li Toaire Reale. ‘The Societe Adolphique at Louvain bas given a per- formanée of La Favorite, in which Madame Ferrl, a young singer and actress of high promise, made her Appearance with such success that M. Bagier, director of the Italian Opera in Paris, has at once sent to secure her aervices. ‘The season at the Cannobians theatre, Milan, will be opened with Isabella d’Arragona, by Pedrotti, and « Daliet, Anna di Masovia, by Rota. The second opera selected for performance ia Werther, by Gontili, The Royal Society de le Reunion Lyrique has been giving public performances in Brussels of tho Hymne a ia Nait and the Carnival de Rome, in which compositions it gained the Oret prize at the great musica) competition as Arras. ‘M. Fetis, who has been retained to superintend the pre- duction of L’ Africaine, deciares it to exceed in merit any of Meyerbeor’s five French musical dramas, 's from Cairo, Carno, Iil., Oct. 22, 1804. Major General Dana has assumed command of the Six- teonth army corps. His district tecludes West Tennes- see and Vicksburg. His headquarters are at Vicksburg. Lieutenant Colonel Harris bas been relieved of duty as eres rag adie nbn testbed ath Vicks! . the ty TSR RESETS Sat Troe The Organist of the Twenty-third Street Church, 0 THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. la your article on the opening of the new organ ta (he mapa heey eg up the | church of te emaret ae ie ta bakers at resent | Sunday one aid Gia the bakers, bat against | He wes formerty, bes any of | Tab, Oost