The New York Herald Newspaper, January 8, 1863, Page 2

4 the important duties administered by him, of interest to BATONAL APPA, ; how respect for the rights and comstituted author. | omty tocarry out the wishes, also to restrain the | our armies, there is @ great section THE MESSAGE. the pubilo, The constitution makes it ey duty te comeunioete te tm the seat Bower of ‘alerts, and 10" uphold and, protect the OF the Wost whore the prices do Oot pay lor ‘Ube Commissioners of Emigration report that durt you the condition of the State. 1 cannot do this without | To State legislation and authorittes we look for the good — rights of mivoritivs. They give (ho hurabiest citizen the their uction. ‘There is bankruptcy and dnag- eS 4 the year 1862 seventy-five thousand nine hundrod and — Speaking O our Union and of the war which afflicts our | order of somiety, the security of life and property, the | fight of religious freedom against the whole power of | olal in the midst of abundant har. Ger eigtity-two allen emigrauts arrived at the port of New Ovuntry. and which also affects the exteuded commerce ‘of our hemes aad atl that is nearest dear- | Our . No matter how large 4 majority may be, it | vests, and a waste of ungathered grain, at a time of UR st Ss York, being on increase of ten thougand four hundred and = Of New York | takes oti its purauite, has taken more than cst to us in the relations, duties and actions of iife. It is must not interfere with the rights of persens, of pro- | largest exportation of merioulbaral products caren ts 9) ATE -AFFAIR « | fity-three over the previous yew. The Commissivne 3 two hundred thousand meu from our werkshops aud dangerous and demoralizing to show contempt for State | perty or of congcience, history of our country. Reducing the cost of carrying’: believe that a large immigration, much in exeoss of the fields, aud has carried mourning into the homes of our | authorives and laws. It undermines alike (he founds. | The lresident himself nolds bis place not by the will te will not cure ¢his trouble. Opening the, PER 1. four years, will shorty commence from all parte of | Citizens ‘Tko geuius of our goverumout and the interesta | tions of State and uational government, by breaking up | of the majority, but by virtuect the provisions of the | Mississippi, asa way to markets of oe ad Europe. J recommend to your attention’the suggestions | of our people demaud that the aspects of this war should | the social system If hh me iaws are not respected the | ceustitution, which placed him in his oftiee by the votes | not overcome evil. The cotton raised on the THE FINANCIAL CONDITION OF NEW YORK, | covs#ized in choir annuai repore, und oepociaily: with | be discussed with cutire freedom Not only is tho vational | more general authority wil! not be regarded. | of about oue million eight hundred thousand, against the | sippi is the joint product of the provisions of the Ne . , + | Foieroucs to quarantine. Theeity of New York and the | life atsteko, but every persoual every family, every sacred ARHTRARY ABIESTE, | votes ef about two million eight hundred thousand | apd tho labor of the south. Fhe people of ‘the We country at large are too much interested in the improve- | tnterest is involved. Wo must grapple with the great Our people have therefore viewed with alarm prac: | who did not agree among thcinselyes as 40 Oppos- | must dave kets of the Southwestern States. —e mans of the sanitary ont tee enignanta, soe me ane oe aor: Rng by -) i” ntrans the ben a of | tices and Caepee ped the part of oie whet violate ed sand ae Ho continues rightfully to hotd | to bring back their prosperity. They must be re- Protection of that port from contagious an fection jon. ul our fuancial and military | Overy principle of good order, of civil liberty and of cos i# office, although the poplar majorities, evon | united, politicully, sociull; commercial: MATIONAL AFFAIRS. Hiyouses, to out aby measures which shall tond to pro- | situation must not be kept back. There must bend al- | stitutional law. It is claimed that, in tte of war, the | in tho ‘States which placed’ him there, have im | val oy oh the Lower Mieassipple. Their graiu and = oe tect tem, - tompt to put dowh the full expression of public opinion. | President hus powers, as Cormmander-in-Chief of our | the recent elections declared themselves politically | jons inust be iuto cotton, and im this forma oar- POE eres ~ {renew (he following recommendation of my prede- | It must bokuown and ed, to enadic government | armies. which authorize him to declare martial | opposed to his administration. Tho majority are still | ried proftably to the Eastern aud European ports. Whea cesaer:— manage public affairs with success. There is u yoarning | law, not aply with the sphere of Mostile movements, | bound to reapect his constitutional rights, to uphold his , they have thus gained the returns for their labor, they Necessity of Respect for Laws age is obviously necessary in the laws relative to ex. | {esire among our people to learn thoir actual condition. | where other law cannot be cnforced, but also over gur | powers and to sustain hie acts done with.n the Limits of | will once more becume the aupp rters of our commerce. * cise, #0 a8 to fusure (heir emtorcement, especially ‘They demand free diaciission, ‘This spould be conducted | whole tand. That at his pleasure he can disregard | rightiul authority. ‘To restore this great region to its former prosperity, and I to Leonses. At present thore who pay for Mcenses practh | iD an earuest, thoughtiul, patriotic spirit, ‘tho solemnity | not only the statutes of Congress, but the decisions of t ihe rights of States were reserved and the powers of | te regain for ouree ves hs enriching trade, the lower val- and Rulers. cally receive neither privilege nor projection there(or : Of the cocasion and (he guferings of the war should re- | nations! wudiciary, That in loya! States the Jeast intel the general government were limited to protect the peo- | ley of the Mississippi must be brought back into the The maturing principal and the interest on the State , Vive the virtue, the intelligence aud the patriotism of | gent class of offtet 3 muy be clothed with power not only | ple in their persuns, property aud consciences, in times of | Union, it maust be bt back, Wo, with ail ite debt have beeu paid iu colm. Duriug the past Macal year | the American poople. ‘The decay of these have brought | lo act a8 spies and informors, but also, wituout due pro- | danger and civil commotion. nero ig little to fear tn | of production and wealth unimpaired; with all the advan Sesame when Poersen was Heap two roillions one thous: wilars, by the redemption of that amount ARBITRARY ARRESTS AND LIMITATION OF POWER | 2fed thousand dollars, by nam vexpen omer Tho funded debt on the 50th of September jast stood as follows :— Of canal debt. . Of general fund debt. STATE RIGHTS. Total State debt......... $50,487 264 62 By abstaining from further borrowing and by pope. ing the usual annual contributions to she credit of tho Siuking funds , the Comptroiler estimates that the above debt will be substantially extinguished within twelve ours. lance in the Treasury, including canal fund, October 1, 1861 cece B3,0TH 94D 85, md | Recetpts from ali sources during the fiscal your ending with Septomber 30, 1663. ....20,840.018 3 Martial Law in the Peaceful State of New York. Gaterests of the Central Western States. ‘Total.. 915,856 06 Nee Payments du 18,166,259 86 Nv. Balance in the ‘Treasury to the credit of the canal fund September 20, 186].......+-.. $2,004,621 25 Received during the fiscal year from canal tolls, rents of surplug waters and interest on revenues, From proceeds From other sources......... ke, &e &e. SEW YORK LEGISLATURK. Senate. Atmant, Jan. 7, 1868. Hon, Wm. Clark elected from the Fifteenth district, in piace of Hon. Jobn Willard, deceased, appeared‘ was sworn and took his seat. Payments during the same For redemption of stock For {nterest on stocks. Mr. Conve gave notice of a bill authorizing @ railroad | To Canal Commissioners, repair in Brooklyn and the Jamaica plank road, ee. ee boon Mr. MURPHY gave notice of a piil to improve Clinton masters veveeers, 1,768,621 3% avenue, Brooklyn, Misceilan IIE! %$09}331 10 Numerous notices of bills were given to reimburse va- —— 0811 19 | rigué lovatities for moneys advanced to volunteers. Lea @ daianoe to the,credit of the canal ie fund on the 20th of September, 1862, ofs. $4,560,208 83 The gross receipts from tolls for the past season of navigation were about five million one hundred ana oighty thousand dollars. But this sum repre, only the | ameunts paid into the public treasury for the use of the canals. Uur citizens who are carrisra between the lakes and the city of New York, a wel ‘as those engaged in Governor Soymour's Message was presented by Mr, Lockwood 1.. Doty, private secretary pre tem., and was Toad, as tollows:— fo ian SKATE AND ASBKMBLY:— We meet under circumstances of unusual solemuity, to degisiate for the houor, for the interest and for the protec- transportation upon our on of the people of the State of New York. The eath | ocean, derive # still greater advantage which we have taken tu gupport tho constitution of the | Merce with the West. The vast extent of our internal Vuwled Staten and the constitution ef the Stato of New Carat Sais pet aoen et ine eeu le iigaree te tee York, and to perform our duties with fidelity, hax at this | past year :— time especial significance. It teaches us to look upon exch of these constitations as equally sacred; that each is Estimated tonnage of canals for 186. > Ascertained tonnage of railroads to Septem- 10 be upheld in ite respective jurisdictions, Atthis timo | ber 30,........000... eee eebenss st ‘the power of the one is openty detied by arm@@ rebeilion, a sitigte year while the other is eu by the confusion and dia “pus ghee Soper | timated vai ed cork qroaig eee civil war. Ths “oath, desertion | emntetee n e or (ost! is not a mere ceremonial; {t is @ partof the | On the railroads jn 1862 tevure of the offlees we hold. Until we have thus s0- | yop» single year $200,000,000 Jewnly submitted ourselves to tho commands of these | 1 may be added that seventy per cent of the values ef | instruments, giving up our pereonal views and opinions | railroad and eighty per cept of canal freights are moved | aud pledging ourselves to obey their requirements, from west even ‘These facts gece induce us to give ‘we are not permitted to perform one official act. Pint seervey- ory -f 0 eee creme comes ‘Yo uphold the general government New York las sent, | we are for the immenge through trafic which covstitutes since the outbreals of this war, (wo hundred and twenty | 80 largo a share of ‘carrying trade and’ forms a moat ‘our calamities upon us. There are now no causes for dis cord that Dot always existed in our country, and which were pot felt by our fathers in forming the Ui They had tho greatness, the magoanimity and virtie to compromise and adjust them, The vaine if the Uaion the then formed has proved to be greater than they hopa: Yet we became indiflerent to it when we were ii the ful enjoymentot its Dlessiugs. We became ignorant of the | character and reaources of our own countrymen, while we bad the full benefit of an untrammotied commerce with atl sections of our land. It was when the world was | Astonished with the power und wealth growing gut of our Hational Uuion tbat sectional prejudices and” passions | Were activo in destroy ing fratornal affoctioms aad generous love © our country. “While wo boasted moat ot our intel » ligonce, there were those persistently and laboriously en- through the preset aud in legislative balls, in teaching the people of the North and the South to under- valite aud despise each otaer. Hostile iegtsfation and the division of our churches impaired religious and social intercourae. If the North and the Socth had understood the powe! would. hay adjusted, ‘This misapprehension, dloedy and terrible in its effects, was systematically and laboriousiy iaculeatod. CAUSES OF THE WAR. Affrighted at the ruin they haye wrolight, irs of our Calamitics at the North and South insise Wat this war was caused by an unavoidable contest about slaycry. This has been the subject, not the cause of controversy. Wo are to luok for the causes of this war in a pervading disregard of the obligations of laws and constitutions; in Gisrespect for constitutional authorities, and, above all, ia the local prejudices which have grown up in two por- tions of the Atlantic States, the two extremes of our coun- try, whose remote positions have made them less well informed, and whose Interests have made them less con- siderate, with regard to the condition and character of our whole poople, than those living im the great contrat and weatern sections of our Union. There f# no hunest Statement of our difficulties which does not teach that our people must reform themselves, a& well as the con- duct of the government and the policy of our rulers. ‘There ia Dot ® calamity we are suflering which was not clearly foretold by our fathors,as the result of the pas- | sions und local prejudices which have grown up during the past fifteen years. It ig not too late to Save our country if we will enter upon the sacred duty 10 the right spirit and in the right way. When we do so the effect will be geen and telt throughout our laud and by the civilized world. We shall then strengthem our government; weghali weaken the re- bellion; we shali unite our people, and fhe worla will re- | cognize our capacity for self government when we show ‘that we are capable of self reform. MAIPACT YOR LAWS AND RULERS. Yu the first place we must emulate the conduct of our fathers, and show obedience to constituted authorities and respect for lega! and constitutional obligations. “The very idea of the power and right of the people to estab. | lish government presupposes the duty ef every individual te obey the established government.” Yet a spirit of dis- obedience bas gappod the foundations of munftcipal, State and national authority imevery part of our land. Itis | not only the underlying and pervading Cause ot the war— | it i also the immediate occasion of our calamities. When the leaders of the insurrection at the extreme South say that free and slave States cannot exist togother in the Union, and when this is echoed from the extreme | North by the enemies of our constitution, both parties | simply say they cannot, because they will not, respect | the laws and the sonstiintion. This spirit of disloyalty | must be put down. It is inconsistent with all social order | snd social security, with safety of persons and property. In order to uphold our government, it i+ also necessa- Ty that we should show respect to the authority of our rulers. While acting Within she limits of their jnrisdie- tions, and representing the interests, the houor and the dignity of our people, they are entitied to deference. Where it is their right to decide upon measures and poli- thousand sotdiers into the feid. To organize this vast ler bad Falhy- 4 Re grentaess,| mond | army wy predecessor and those acting undor his dites- | the moat enduring Tajstionehipa ‘with that section. tion on Ais military staff have used unwearied labor and ‘The obstructions: the channel of the Hudson river \ ys | Severely impair the usetuluesa of our canals. ‘Their in- | capacity has led to the building of boate of greater draught than formerly. ‘These are towed sbi) a © New York without change of freight, and after the spring fresheta it ia not unusual for them to get aground in the | river after passing through the canals wit ib difficulty. Suitable measures should at once taken for the re- moval of these obstacles. 4 the aggre; weds the | previous yearby $7,530,615, “the valuations in the allies ot Noy York ean Droeklys were reduced about 1 fifty million dolla State tax of last shown bigh capacity. The duties growing out of thi ncrvice have been greater than those falling upon the oficials of other States, and in their performance com- pare favorably with the conduct of the war on the part of the general government. While our soldiers are peviling their lives to uphold the constitution and restore the Union, weowe it to them, who have shown an en- durance and patriotism unsurpassed tn the history of the world, tuat we emulate their devotion in our field of duty. Woure to take care when they come back tha, their home rights are not impaired; that they shall not find when they return to the duties of civil life that the | According to the estimates of the troller, lems than | a is ‘ono-half of that rate will be safficient the present year, securities of theit peraons, the sanctity of their homes Or | Tei ce me extraordinary approprietiove shall be made the protection of their property have been lost by us | py the Legislature. { while they were battling for their national interest in @ In July Inet the President called for three hundred Tohalt deem it my duty to ial! vacancies in ofetal | fuser ‘toth calls was about one hundred and. twenty at in the army by promotion for meritorious ser- | thousand men. The exigencies of tae xervico demanded ‘vices or gullant comduct in the fleld. This is a measure of that these troops should be raised with the great- Justice, aa it will give to them the rewards where they est despntch. It was the season of harvest, when labor commanded Bigh prices, The Siate had ! have been fairly earned, and will stimulate both officers aud men, by @ landable ambition, to excel in patriotic 90 promptly responded to former requisitions of the government by voluntary offers that a strong aversion | ; existed in the public mind towards cempuisory measures. services in An honorable pursuit. OUR STATE Arvaiky. Whis #0 many parts of our country are laid waste by bounties were offered & conscription could be avoide!. But no payment could | be made by them from the tate Treasury without Ingis- war, their towns and cities desolated, thetr homer de- mtroyed, their citizens slaughtered, aud all that makes social happiness crushed out beneath the tread of armies, lative authority, To obtain thie auoxtra session, inyolv- ing both delay and expense, \aa necessary. Tho Com- wo have cause for gratitude that in this State the cfrcle wits mun nd beneficent mercial Bunk of Albany offere! to advance the requisite sum for bounties, aud to assume the risk of reimburse- ment by the Legislature at its annual session. Their ofer was accepted, and a suitable arrangement at once mai operation! ffering wud want have been relieved. Our schools, academies and colleges essfui operation; insti{tions designed to roscue vice are at the rate of four mills My predecessor ete ee luis preclamaticn , of. fering @ State bounty of fity dollars to cach private sokiier who should thereafter volunteer into the service of the United States. ‘The moneys thus advanced were disbursed by the Paymaster General of the State, ‘Tne annual report of the Comptrotier wilt | present the detalls. Am the State tax levivd under ao thority of chapter 456 of the laws of 1802 tor the pay- ment to the United States of the direct tax levied by the ot of Congress of the precediag August will not be re. are in sue the young and helpless from careers of Still engaged in the prevention of misery and crime. One under a liberal syetem designed to reform ag Jur community &gminat con- irtS are open Cor tue security protection of persons aud property. Mechanical and agriculture pursuits are in the main beast d,the procesds will remain in the Treasury and duetod, Our vast internal and foreign commer mey bo appropriately applied to the repayment of the aseumed propertions far beyond thors of an; moneys (hus adyanoed. 1 therefore reconumend thata period. But for the overshuduwtng, gloomy elond of war and its horvy dratts upon the bleod citienns there could not be found four millions oF people 1 the enjoyment of greater happiness and prosperity Zho continued ample support, extended to the great charities of tho State, oven in tho midst of a war whic would tox te tho utmost the emergies of asy nation, Inw making the requivite ap iation, and ratirying the action of the Governor 11 ia Teepeet. be passed, and I cheerfully recerd my approval of the course pur- sued in réspect to thin matter. In addition to the dounty offered by the State in various localities, large sums wore voted ag additional premiums to volunteers, and } recorumend the passage of <uit.vie laws providing of present, iS & striking evidence at once the | tor tho collection of these self-imposed obligations htened benevoleuce of our people and the great. The tion of this Btate in 1500 was 33,880, of resuurces. It ie nab necessary | member of ¢ returned by the euroilin pes o for me to dwell upon the importance of those truly noble institutions, the New York State Lunatic Asy- of 18 and 46 returned as exempt f 0: (rely the New York institution for the Deat and Dumb, | (e.egee ot a8 wad é re sha tegen of Samremns wee aud for the Blind, the State Asylum for Idiots, and the | the stato of New York has sent to the flotd 222 State locbriate Asylum, They are ominentiy entitled to | ye sumber from this State now in the feld the proper patrowage of the State, The ‘orphan asylums | at 136,000, showing tal waste since the Leginning o¢ ‘and hospitals of the state should be fortered st ® period | ihe war of 97,836, being an anaval waste of about 83 per when ench battie deprives many households of their nat» | Gent of the whole number, equal to 42,000 per year, To ral otectors, and increases the number of those who | nit the quota of this State under the calle, 30,788 more | may properly claim the support ofcharity or the care of } volunteers are required, unless tho geueral government. ioativations for the sick and wounded. will give the State credit for the prefertionsd excoss sont 1 recommend the enactirent of a law authorizing the | tg the field efore July 2, 1862. appointment of a member of the medical profession ‘as # | J urge your imiuediate attention to the inequality and Commissioner of Lunacy, whose duty tt shall be to exam- | injustice of the lawe under which it is proposed to dratt tue inte the condition of the insane wow confined in the | soldiers for the service of the ernment, aimehowses { poorhouses, Jails and private lunatic asy- eriod j Dori s Tutns. The subject has been strongly urged upon the at- og BY att ry our military system. For the | — Itt important, likewise, :bat the habits of thinking ip tention of previous Legislatures by the medical profession, | purposes of a conscription it i enti defective; | afreecorntry should inspite caution im those interested and 1am sure the humanity and propriety ofthe proposi- } jt contains none of the provisions Which in the Kuropean ration, to cenfine themeeives within Sion is too manifert to receive any other than your {avora- | systems mitigate the evils of corapulaory military servic thew respective donsiitutiogai a1e8, aveiding, int Die action. it pays no just regard on one hand to the evile which it ; exercise of the powers of ene department, to encroseh ‘The annual report of the Superintendent of Peblic In- | may iaflict, while on the other it makes quinerous exemp- | pen the other. spirit of encroachment tends to con. atruction shows that 829.989 pupils attended school !o | jions which are inconsistent with fairness amd with the | #vlidate the pow ei} the departmeste in one, and 1862, being & larger attendance than-for any previous | apirit of our constitution, tha: contemplates that aii of | thus to create, whatever the form ef severument year. It wit! also appear that a or number of teach. ‘ers were empluyed than heretofore, the increase being drayn trom the female portion ef the community; that « sum wee paid for teachers’ suitable ages alike shall perform military duty or pay ome equivalent. ‘Thie purpore is fully expressed by Uhe rst constitution of our State — wages, ond that the | 144 of che utmost importance to (he aafety of evargttace | sclvols wero in sesaion for 8 longer period ia the aggre- | get ee ee ele on sow et delonves ond This gate than dy ding year.@ the dnty ry TORN Who enioys the protection’ of society ‘The annual report of the Regents of the University will | to ve prepared and willing to defend |". | show that the college and ncademion of the State, not- Wietanding tho drain of the war on their members cortinned in active and ‘The present constitution has a provision to the same | effect. ‘Not only the organic law of cur State, but Justice, | demands that every man who enjoys the Neotion of fof students in attendance bas bee society shonid be prepared to defend it. Recent legisia- thousand seven bi and forty eight, a little more | tion on this subject has departed widely from thie | than one thousand less than for the previous year. The | prineiple; no conditions have been prescribed means of higher educ are more amplo,and ite char | which thuse who have no scruples of conecieuce sheu | actor more thorough and elevated, than they have ever | Syccsed from bearing arms. kxemptions have been mi)- Deen. tiplied untit classes are not only relieved from mi! ‘The Society for the Reformation of Juvenite Delinquents | tary dt “but tho from giving any. cquivateat for such tn the city of New York, and the Mouse of Retuge of | peifof, y include numerous oiliciale and other clases ‘Western Now York, will submit » you their annual re- | who have no claims to exemption beyond those whic T commend these linpertant institutions @ your | yelong to every eitiven engaged in Useful purruits. consideration. m | Thesof favored classes gare usually in w botter com are from the report of the Inspectors of State | dicion to give an equivalent than the mass. ef those pon | ns that the Bamber of convicts in the prigons on the | whom these liabilities now fall. ‘There shorld be no such | eptember Inst wae 2,410, the reesipte into the | y ‘i mals citizens of suitable yeark Vrivon earnings during the fe f were | should be equally liable; if those who are unfit to per nod the payments therefrom, en account of | from duty are drawn, they slowk! pay eneh sur aa shall wote $311,746 Si ali be deemed just by suitable tribun If they are vnable tof the Superintemdent of the Henkin | to pay, the amount cam befremittod, or, like firemen, Department show that the total amount of outstanding | they ‘might render au equivelout im an equally ie app Pr Circulation issued by that oficer to banks, banking ser! | honorable branch of the public service, If the lot | ations aad individual bankers ow the 30ih ef Soptember | ful. ron’ oficlals. they ea procure “subeuitates’ or | Mts elrcdlaticn ta sovuted : $42,289,605 vy soch commutations as may be preserited by pr per teages + ry} . | la. i018 glaringly unjust to allow thore enjoying the Stew York trate ty honors and profits of official station to gu free of all hw Torke ans Dilitios, while th the widow oF the sole sup | Unites States stocks 11,899,460 00 eee oe | Held for ineorporated batiice KOrOUR Be end to your attention such other provisisns as ex st in European countries tomitigate | Jat tay 45,280 14 | ee bade the evils which a forced conseription involves and which ware 106,79 @ | hiave been augyeate" by experience in thelr long aud fre Toto ’ Es | quent ware | Aggregate Lieid Sept. 90, ise) 2510 98 | The miliary system adopted at the last seston of the | ‘i Aiea 551 96 | Legislature cannot be perfected in time te meet the pro roane of Roo in 1862 r -——- | babi calls mado by the general government. An attempt fone etroulats ryt 16,002.40 02 | 19 make a draft pon the present enrofment has been | Lucrease of United States stocks in 18m $.0353.606 98 | found {iMoultion and dangers of the mont ceri Ficrence in Bonds and mortcage: ir ia; y20A8O OP cus character and as such draft has therefore been neces. | Decrease in New York Stata stocks in 16 corre OO postponed thie subject demands your immediate | Dworerse in Hiinois State st Number cf banks.doing busin Jrumber ot banks closing and insolvent. 69 due to the soldiers of the war of 1812 from tof the United States have been ascer- tained by the 1 commissioners appeinted by the State to be $8) 1 that some measures be taken to secure the immediate payment of the ameuats | due to the several claimants. mounts men 58 ‘The Siperintendent of the Ineurance Department wil Qpbibit bs bis anoual report many fecte connected with w and three-fourths on econ dole of the taxable praperty. | polic; | war. Mabie to military duty ia 764,00%. The number between | | . | This i | fabric of thelr (reedom, | of peace but fittle attention | har | | heart is sufficient to watiefy ti jon. ) The legislative, executive and judicial dapergmente | are coordinate | fare. CAS is our duty to obey, and to give @ ready support to ir decisions. ‘Chis 1a & vitelmaxim of Nberty, With, | out this loyalty no gevernment can conduct public affairs ‘With success, 20 can be, safe in the enjoy: or their rights. This duty is peullarly strong inder*our system, which gives the people the right at their elections to eit in judgment upon thew ralers, to commend or con- bre them, to keep them in or expel them from officis! stations. ‘This war should have been averted; but when its flood. | gates ware opened the administration covld not grasp ite | Gimenaiens ner ‘control ite sweep. Government was borne along by #] rrent, and struggled ae it Pest could | with the remiatiess tide. Fow seemed able tv compre. | hend ite military or financial problems. Hence we are | not to sit in harsh judgment upon errors in eonduct or | % . < But while we concede all these excuses for mistakes | weare not to adopt errors, nor sanction ylolations of | prineiple. The seme cangea which extenuate their faults | in judgment most make ug more v! 1t to guard against Ry. influences, @nveuel dangers demand unusval vigi- {| jance. KCONOMY AND INTEGRITY. Foonemy end iutegrity.in the administration of afiare are ersential at all tines; they are vital in periods of If the power of the peepie to sustain the expenses of war is broken down, it is im vain that we bave sent our citizens into the flela,and that they bave shed their blood in unsupported eftorts wave eur country. The opportunities which a state of war gives to unprin- aipied men tu prey upon the public tr and the difi- pong Daok lage abel feck ma mentiee borne 4 sated judgraent, they are adviitiona! reasons for vigilance and caution — It is tu the nature of war to create powertul financial and ambitious interests, eager to prolong its duration. It is one of its chief dangers that it builds up an active class ‘ho gain power and wealth by the the labor and property of tho mas ganized lash use the national Treagury to support schemes: of plander cr ambition, and the (axes wrung from the people are thas made to prolong the state of war and military government. The power of our rulers to avert | these infinences must be aided and strengthened by the | most atople exposition of financial aftairs Pxtravoganee and corruption are violations of the faith pledged to the public erediture, The money loaned to the national ‘Trosayry wee not brought forward at a time of peace and confidence, bot in ® thne of donbt and danger. ‘These claims are held by the tich and poor, Theamounts owned by corporat ‘esont the interests of wom and children, the aged and infirm. The right of our sol diers to deunand ecou and integrity i= of the most sacred charac Never in the y armies of auch mimbers beeu made up of those who yol- | untarily [eft prospe:ous pursuits aud happy homee,to avffer the dangers and privations of war. n defeat or destrnction o: by violence or dizeaso thinmed the ranke of our armies, they psomptly and freely stepped | forward to the rescue of the conmtry’s fag A fearful crime willbe done by thowe whe shall suffer natienat | vankruptey te turn into dust and athes the persions and bounties thus caine! at the cort of blcod and health aod } expesure. pensions will, im many cases, be the sole reliance of those thus made incapabie of self-spport that 8 govornrzent should be overturned by | | corrnption than by vieience. A virtuows people ili re- gain their rights if tora from them; but there is wo none for those whe snffer corruption to sapand ret away the LADTATIONS OF TOWER, ‘There are not oniy obligations resting upon our people toward our authorities, but ander cur polities! system there are limitations between the departments of the govercinent aad beiween the Steie and gational govern- | mente which muatbe observed to secure the public safety, At thig time these warning words of Washington we peculiar siguifcance:— despotism. A just estise proneness to abuse it whict us of truth of this ! It (© equally treatonable to resist the rightful authority of etner, To overtbrow the power of either department ie revolution, Legislative right, exe- chtive power avd judicial independence are alike sacred. Durr for the limita of state ond national juriedictions and the interference of one: department with the duties other, are not only eppored to the genius and organ! vation of our civil government, but they have caused dis- asters in the conduct of the war. While the War Department sot aside (he anthority of the judiciary and overrides the isws ( States, the Gover- hors of Stavee meet to shape the policy of the general go- ‘vernment, the national leglature >ppointe conumitiees to interfere with tho mititrey conduct of the war, and Senators emabine to the execative choice of con+ stitutional advivere. Jhe natural reaulis of meddlingsand intrigne have followed, While our ormies have gained victories in jields remote from the capital, within its in uence the herote valor of Our soldiers the skiti of : H z Es z Not only rouet the national constitution be held invio must be respected as not veces of Opinion as to the lividing ling between national jurisdictions ; Dot there can be none as to the existence of sueb separate Juriedictions, each covering subjeeta of legisiatien and jnrieprudeuce essential to the public security and wel- N mth government in this vast country would destroy the evtential home rights and Nberties of people. fhe sovercignties of the States, except as re lnited by the coustitution, gam pever be given theut them our government cannot stand, It was nad ft con be changed by State ‘This is wo by the following provisions of the fomtrument it | } } conventions of nine States ball be ‘nt of tits consUtution beewecn the Stave eo ratifying the same gain, three-fourths of the States can add to or take f weral government, by de 1 wmbo: aud invaded our | rages the election, aolemnly protested. time only—was mistaken, inditerrnce to their iberties. Wut. it wae outy in Of. reapect for our institutions that they wait | couldexpreas therr will th the tnanzer pointed oxt by \ ow laws. | es a revolution. | the cows OF La them beyon. the limita of the State, to hold them ia | Prisons without a hearing or a knowledgo of the offences with which they are charged. Not only the pagsions and prejudices of thes tylanny, but their intorests are advanced aud their posi tions seoured by promotin to aak the ald of counsel ii has been well sad that bot whut; to be confined no une entitled to ask where; to ‘been held to be an offencs bo tried no one cau say when, by o law nowhere known | or established; or to Li ont life in a cell without trial, proweats a body larged.”’ ‘Hyco. of journals and the iinprisoament of persons have been glaringly partisan, allowing to some ‘the utmosi licentiousness oF criticism, and punishing others for the fair exercise of the right of discussion. Conapious of these gross abuses, an attempt has been made to shield the vivlatoré of law and suppress tnqnir; into their motives and conduct. ‘Lhis attempt will tail. ‘Uncongtitatienal acts cannot be shieléed by unconatitu. tional laws. Such attempts will not save the guilty, while they will bring @ just condemnation upom those who try to pervert the powers of legislation to the pur- poses of sion. ‘fo justify #noh action by prece- dente drawn from the practice of governments where there is no restraint upon legislative power wil! be of no avail uoder our system, which restrains the government and protects the citizens by writen constjlutions. J shel! not inquire what rights States iu robeliion have forfeited; but I depy hat this rebeliien can suspend & single right of the citizens of loyal States. 1 denounce the doctrine that civil war in the South takes away from ed loyal North the benefits of one principle of civil liberty. it ig high crime to abduct a citiven of this State, It is made my duty by,the coustitution to seo that the laws sre enforced. I shill inveatigute every alleged violation of our statutes, anc seo that offonders are brenght to jus- | tice, Sherifis and distriet attorneys are admonished that it is their daty to Lake care that no person withiv their | respective counties is mprigoued or carried by foree- beyond their limits§ without due proceas or legal authori ty. The removal to England ef persons charged with offence, away {rom their triends, their witnesses and | means ‘of defence, was one of the acts of tyranny for which we asgorted our indepondonce. ‘the abduction of citizens from thia State for offences chayged to have been done here, and carrying them many hundreé@ miles to distant prisons in othor States or ‘Territories, is an outrage of the eame character upon every principle of right and justice. ’ ‘The general government hag ample powers to eatabiich courts, to appoint officers to arrest and commissioners to aplaiits, and to imprison upon reasonabie grounds jon. lthas «judicial systen, in full and undis- operation. Its own courts, held at convenient points in this and other loyal States, open for the Deariug ef all complaints. “If its taws are not a:npie for the punishment of offences, it is dv in power. Government ig not strongtbened by the exercise of doubtful powers, but by a wise and energetic exertion of those ‘which are tncontestible. The former courge gever faile to prodtice discord, suspicion and diatrust, while the rv inspires respect and confidence. 1 State—whose Iaws, whude courts and whose contempt, and whose social orde! been violaced—was at that very nies to protect the national capital, and to save the ational oMeciaisfrom fight or capture. It was while the arms of New York thus sheltered em just rebellion that, withont conenitation with ita chief magistrate, 9 edimate department at Washington igsulted our people lite, Against these wrongs and vut- eof the Stave of New York, at ite late ‘Me aubmissicn ef our people to hese abusea—for a at Lome and abroad, for an It until they At the lato elestion they } Amidst all the confusion of civil war, theyecalmly vat iw | | jndgment upon the administration, voting against its ‘candidates, Nor was this the only proof of ree spect for the constitution, The minority, o: nearly equal numbers, yielded tp this decision without resistance, although'the canvass was animated by trong partivan exciiemonts. This calm assertion of rigl and this honorable subminsion to the verdict of Un vindicated at once the chai ple and the stability of our institetions. Ha secessionists of the Soutm thus yielded to constitatior cisions, they woutd have saved themasives and our country frou the horrors of thia war, and they woutd have found the same remety for every wrong and danger. MARTIAL LAW ‘The claim of power under martial law ix not only de- mructive of the cights of iates, but it overthrows the legisiative @nd judicial ment. it asserts for the President mare power as the mead of the srmy than Bas the ceprescnialive ruler | of the people, This claim has brought diecred'. upon us in the oyes of the world. Lopes of rebellion. loyal States. It t ernment in the and doscoptent at the vi the South there 1 aneeessiiy which justifiex that policy let us openiy and honestly say there je a necessity which jus it forth as dw of our people. It leads to discord & necessity which ove which ts justified by a great which exaita the rilitary power of the l’resident ab his civil and constitutional pights, Js asserts that he may in big discretion declare war, and then extinguish te State and catiousl cunstliutious by draving the pail of martial law over our vars country. “Martial lay’ dofines rtselr to be a law where w: limits {08 Own jurisdiction Dy is very term, But this new and strangs doctrine bulds tbat the loyal Nerth lost their ‘const tutional rights when the South reveited, and now governed by jin litary dictation. Loyalty is ths secure than cobel.ion, og it stands wit! ontreges or to reacht tyranny. Am rors that heye beon enacted under mi history of the world, and uinidst all tempted of Ite usages, iy was nev lel that it could be extended over peacetil states. Th was nev Defore claimed that the pewerot« military eommand was gupertor to the powers of povern:nent. More cian two centerien al tat bold defeuder of Engiish liberty, that honest and independent ju }» Lord Coke, dectared:——" Where courts of law «ro open, martial Jaw cannot beexecuted,’ amd also thul ‘the power that isabove the law uw wott for the king ask or us to grant.” Are Hogheh” laws more gacrod or is nghan liberty more secure thap ours” It was one of t es vet forth in the a of Independence for 1 cing allegiances to che Ki Hngland ‘thet be hasattected lo render be mallitars? dependent.o¢ and@iperior to the civ: power.” Du: 1 tfc, although surrounded ere, whe phe of the crown, Washiogt™® never ared claimed the right wncer any elroumstances military supertor to the olvil authority. the con- teary, be wae most de(erential totne latter. feeling ef the fathers om (his rubjeot can beet be learned by the constivutions which were Lurmed by (he men who estat Hished our national government; ali of éhem had provi- sions inconsiatent with his uew and monatrons preten- sion, “si Many shire, Connecticut, Dela: Pen ne, Pat of the twelre up our Union, explicnly power should all canes at all timer, be beld in exact ivortti rity and be go- vorned by it. Thie eae exposed in each constitution in ferms almost identical. [s is i who held there riew?, acd who Dertice, and who thus restrained St their {minediate cantre!, wou!t give to the Commander of the Army of te 0 states (his despotic power—— fo make the aw aates which originally e jealous of their li- power which (he crown of Crest Britain bas not Leen per- | mitted to exerciee for uearly tre centuries. ‘The measure o1 power to be exercised under owr govern. meni is tized by the wonstivusion. To make the maxims of other governireents or the wm of other nations the rule here would give sanction (0 every ontrage, tyranny nndo what wae done by our fathers nment; it makes the practices of deapot isin oF the pi es of mouaredy higter authorities than the written censtiotion of eur republ The 1 limited, uncontrolled despotic power claimed under nal. tial law in of itself a reason why if cannot ve adteinted. ‘The fact that it i# inconsistent the purposes, spirit and genius of cor inet cone lusive against the claim set up for its control over an extent of country and Adiversity of interesi* which never existed in the dex. | potisins of monarchical goveruments from which the precedents are arawn (0 jurtify it. New York and other States consentet to make up the upon the assurnnce that the » amended s of States and citizens. These by the unanimous vote of States — y for a capital or 1 Infamo ® presentineat or Aciment of & grand jury, except in eases arising In the nd or paral forees, or In the rmviitia, wigan tn actual ser nor be Tice, ia time ef war or public danger; * duc procese of Heprived of life, ikberty or propersy withou law, ‘The want of thero restraints in the original instrament endangered tts adoption. They wore inserted to satiety lic demand. We are now told that they are of no ail, in any part of our country, when the Executive shall £ee fit to declare there Is war or insurrection in any ection of tists Ian Such pretensions are iu contradiction to the p guage of theso clauses, and to thelr sot Tf any diferences of constroction be possible, ou cons tutjon provides for their determination. These questious will be cartiod before the preper judiclal tribunals, 1¢ the theory of martial law is upheld by them, we will sub: mit, anc huve the constitution amended. 1: it is held to ‘be tinfoonded, it most be piven up. So sacred did our fathers hold constitutional righte that they placed them beyond the reach even of the ma- plain f Jority of oug people, ‘Wriitea constitutions are mage uot,] yrovisions, with a vast cynsunaption of these articies & yt seize and imprison our’ citizens and carry | ferior agents lead them to ucts of | discontent and discord. Even | 0 be arrested for one knows tyranny which eannot be en- | to the neglect of those | thus been treated with marked und public | vindicated | | at once their regard for law and their love of liberty. | lic! box, . departinenta of the general govern- | It has strengthened the | Tt haw woakened (he confidence of | nig do desivey the value of eur gor- | it has united and in- | Maryland, North Caro!'na and Soath | jared that the mulitary | crerlible that a people | @ antboritics nuder | NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, JANUARY 8, 1863. periods ef peace aud prosperity. If we are uot pr | when there aro popular excitements and convulsions, our | goverument i & fgilure, If Vresidential proclamations | are above the devistous of the courts and the restrainta of the constitution, then U it hae not the authority to keep the Exec: restraints, hen i, cannot retaia States withia the Union, ‘Thore who hold that there is no sanctity in the constitu- tion must equally Lold that there is no guilt in the | rebellion, We cannot be aslientand allow t) practices to be- | come precedents. They are as much tn viviation of our constitut.on us the rebellion itself, and more dangerous to our iiberties. They huld out to the Executive every tomp- tation of ambition to rake und prolong war. They offer despotic power as a price ter preventing pence. ‘hey «re inducements to each administration to produce discord and incite armed resistance to law, Ra declaring that the condition of war remover i constitutional restraints. ‘ihey call about the uational capita! hordes of weprincipied mea, who find in the wreck of their country the opportunity to arice or am. bition, or personal or political resent is. This theory makes the ion end ambition of an adminretration an- iagonistic te the interest and happiness of the people. it maker the reetoration of poavethe abdication more than regal authority in the hands of those to whom is contided the government of our country. RUE PRESIDENTS FMANCHPATION TRACE AMATION. Of, the seme nature is the receut proclamation of emancipation. Tho President has already signed au act of Congress which asverts that the alayes of those in re- Vellion are conuscate. ‘The sole effect of this prociama- tion, theracure, is to declare the emancipation of slaves of those who are not im rebellion, and who are therefore loyal citizens. It is en extraordinary deduction from the ed war power that the forfeiture of the rights of loyal fen, and bringing upon them the game punishment posed upon insurgents, is cx!culated to advance the sue cess of the war, to uphold the conatitution and restore the ‘The class of loyat citizens who above all otuers ontitied to the protcction of the governmentksre those who have reraained true to the fig of our country. And | ot the Kolo force of this prociamation is directed against i ikem. May not chis measure, so clearly impolit.c, unjust and unconstitution«i, and which is calculated to create so | many barriers to tue resteration of the Union, be miscon- strued by the world as an abandenment of the hope or } the putpose of restoring it—a reauit to whieh the State of | New York is unalterably opposed, and which will be fectually reainted. ‘We muat not only support the constitution of the United States and, maiutain the rights of the States, but we must restore our Uuiou am it was betore the out- break of tho war. The rtion that thie war was tho unaroldable result of it has led toa disastrous policy in its prosecutior opinion that glavery must be abolished to reel Union creates an antagonism between the free and | States which cnght nut to exist. If itis true that slave Ty must be abolished by the force of the federal govern- mont; that Gouth moat be held ia military subjection; that four milliong of negrees must, for many years, be onder the dirgot. managoment of the authorities at Wash- ington at the ‘public expenre, thon, ‘indeed, we must en- dure the waste of our armies jn the fled, tarther drains upon our population, and still greater burdens of debt. We must convert our government inco a military deepot- fem. The mischievous opinion that in this contest tho North must subjugate destroy the South to eave our Vnion has weakened the hopes of our ‘¢¢ confidence in our success abroad. AND WASTROX STATES. Itis a suggestive fact, affording instruction und hope for the{uture, that the theories which have exercised an ‘evil influence on our national pelitice did not originate in whet may de culled the heart ef the Union, among the in- timate and wel! acquainted populations of the Central and States, whore tho States permitting and forbid- trad in actual contact, nor in the portions tra- reat east and west lines Of commerce and Tey bave heen develope! almost entirely | im two sections comparatively isolated by position, Ne tions and peculiur iwbits of thought, and ieast connected with the more honegensous mass of our people. There \ H ' i 'y {s not only erroneous, bat The intercontss. have benn pot oniy extreme Nerthern views and extreme 6 sinaller States, aped shores. of Southers views, but sizo tbo broader and more tolerant Atlantic. were all oclgwal partion, & ter tae etnies views of the mire poptlous Central and Western states. | ‘They. are gloriously associated with the history of the These extend on’ both sides of thal tadentaring | Reviutionsey gurnegie, “They ‘beat names. that ere boundary between ‘slave and ‘free’ States, | honored, and have memories that are cherished in which i hot a line of opposing opinious, bnt of interming- fing tmterests. ‘Their plains are interlockea by confizent rivers and not divided by mountain ranges. These Btates aregion of Larmentzing views aud sympathies. They not only honnd tozether by peuuliar interests, but also by strong reanour for resisting a divieica on that bounda- ry, which would sake them freutier Siates, which would replece the!r cordial intercourse by hostile reiationshipa, ) and’throw upon thetm all the greatest and sharpest cvils | of tneseparation. Thus, while they co net ebare the pas- | sions and pretudices of those extreine states which strove | tentiseanem tn the contest, they have motives of the ighest interest to restore the-old order of things and of the gravest apprehension from & wo. This war Dlighta and destroys the hopes and the bappiness of this: vogion, while the sections whese passions and interests kndied it are mainly remote from tbe terrible suffering it has caused. The Western and Ceptrat States oniistfa warmly in a ir for the Trion and copstitution. The northern tier of ve Statea”? (excepting Fasiern iia) earnestly orted the government in its policy white it was con- Ey | are sty sistent with this purpose, which was known ag the ‘bors polley.? Both the admunietration and Consress rat their wole purpose to be to restoro the Union ponslitasion, When the administration polley, and took op the views ef extreme it lost, at the late clection, nearly wil the Hick the Central aud Western States Wechions Of LRCO aud 186] the North cannot hold the Southern States in subjection witheut destroying the principles of our go. vornment, the great Central aud Weatern States can con- trol the two extremes. ‘They will not accept the views ot elther as uafe guides in the uct of public affairs. This te shown by the politica] history of our country dur- past fonr years. When it was believed that tho nixtration waa controtied by the views of the tages of local gelf gevernment; not & devastated and ru- ined territory, under a blightiog, debasing military come trol. "So cloself are the uy and lower valleys of the Mis- burned in Louisiana Indian corn is used a3 Cuel in Hlinois. Tho ruiu of the Southera evnsemer brings ‘upley, upon the Northern producer, When the capacity of the one to buy is annihilated the abuity of the other to pre- duce is weakened or destroyed. this single imstance, from many equally strong, shows that neither tn a Norta- ern nor Seathern Union can tne conflicting interests of agriculture, commerce and manufactures be adjusted, POLITICAL INTERESTS, BTC ‘The division of our Union into twe or more con- federaciea would reopen in each those questions of distribution of power and yelationship Dolwean States Which wore seu! led by, our, nasionul conseiistion, Even now ‘centralization of power ai at tho national capital causes uncasiness fn those. States which now are, or will seon become, the most populous. The Senate can prevent the passage or of laws the House, whick represents the popular will, aud at the same time can control the powor of the Executive by rejecting treaties formod or nomiaations made by tho Prosidemt. At this time it assumes to dictate the organization of the executive department. This body aiso has the of longer tenure of office, while it is farther removed from popular control. It {6 tn this. powertu! branch of government that States bave an eyual roprosentation, ‘without regard to population. Even under our present Union it is for the interest of the sinail States to centralize power tn the natiouat vernment, az they enjoy a disproportionate control in most infliontial branch of that government, AU now acquiesce in thut compromise of the ounstitutien. It is the best adjustment whieh can be made betweon the larger and sinalier States. ‘So ieng as allthe States of our present Union were represented in Congress, this tendency was chocked by ‘the existence of States with small populations, distributed jn different gections of our country ,and somewhat oq snong the agricultural, commercial and manufacturing regions. Hitherto no injurious or trritating reaults bave beencaused. A division of the Union,or the disfram- chisomaent of the Southera States by putting then back inte the condition cf mere Territories,or a represe tar tion dictated by the military power of governineat, wonld make inevitable a readjustment of poll power. If the Southern States are cut off or distram— chised, every map of our country will constant!y suggest this & the pudlic mind. In the Northern Union, the group of six small Now Ragland States, with New Jersey aud Delaware lyivug on the Atiantie comgt, far removed from the central aud Western sections ef vur country, with unitod populations only about egea! to that of this ‘Suite, would balance, in the controlling brauoh of the na- tional legislature, the great producing Siates of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indians, Illinois, Michigan, Wiscus- sin and lows. ina few years each of thes States will have pepulations: er than that of all New England. Thia disparity of, political power would be increased tho fact thot the population and pursults of New Pol f contined within very limited boundaries, have the tai- furmity of one cominuaity, while the larger States have diversified and distinctive pursuits to prevent them from acting 0 readily in concert. he danger 0. controversy would be increased by our vast national debt. This mainly, beid by a few At! States, dividesour country into the perilous sectional re- lations of debtor and creditor regions. The hein C4 count 18 alare of political power. cing would be compelled to paya heavy taxation to other communities at a time when the division of our Unies. would deprive them of their :nost profitable markets. aod Leavy duties would tend to diminish the demands of foreign countries for their productions. No one can looks forward to such agitations and discussions without the jer t concern. of ihe land. Thoy tnst net, through the fwlyet 2 pec! pelea lind and bigoted leaders, lose the great powers which are given to them by the couprotnives the constitution. They must not suffer that instrumens, which secures to them peculiar advantages, to be weaken od or destroyed. ‘THR CMON MUST RE RESTORED, There ts but one way to save us from deworali discord and repudiation. Our Union must be & complete in all its parts. No eection must be Deyoud tho unavyoidalle necossities of war. made to feel that the mighty efforts we are making te save our Union are stimulated by a purpose so restore peace, prosperity and happiness to every section. ‘Thd vigor of war will be increxsed when the public ming anc energies are concentrated upon the patrione, eeprom, Purpose Lo restore our Union for the common good of sections. It cannot be so united upon any bloody, barbarows, uny revolutionary, vf apy uuconstitut acheme, looking merely to the gratitication of hatred, or purjoees of party ambition, or sectional advantage, 3 exertion of power, every influence of nasi, measnre of reconcifiation, must be used to mono that ihe blood of his neighbor ahall be shed; fruits ogthe labor of our citizens shall be eaten up taxation to ain this end, and then refuse to give up own passions, or to modify hig own opinions, te save our country and te stop the fearful waste we are GW making of treasure and of life. Lae no ono thivk that the people who have refused te yield this Union to rebellion at the South will permit ite Testoration i@ be prevyeuted by fanaticism at the North, INCLUSION. ‘The pervading eentiment of the great controling see Lions of our country wil! not only Rave our Union, bat it wilidoeo tua way harmoniving with the gewius of our ineuit the usages of our people, Gad the letter and «,itlert its power in the Central and Western institution. It wilt manifest itself im the reg The opposing party, to gain public at t, manner by _ discuesion were obliged by assurances an@ resolutions to repel the | Set ica framers” of our con charge that they would interfere with slavery in the | seving that evens would render it necessary | States, and they denounced as unjust the on | for the people of the several States not om that they hold the views of the abolitionists of theex- | iy" thas to address our government, vul alse treme Northern section. Without these pledges they } ¢ praduca a concert of purpose and action between dif- ‘could not bave gained potitical power. ferent comwmumtics, provided in the constitution. thas When the Guif States seceded, the coutral a! by large majorities, refused to act with th | sought to avoid war and division by the jeace Couference hold in Waghingtov. Unfortunately, the dominunt lead- era ot the party which had succeeded at the election of 1860, overiooking the fact that (hig was done by the vole of above 1,800,000 againat a divided opposition of about + 2,809,006, eted ail terms Of compromise end conci- lation os amatent with the results of the cieetion, aud ailempied to govern and euntrol an agitated and ly by the oplaiony and ventisente exciements. The states of Delaware, Maryland, Ken- Missouri, and the western part of Virginia, ad- | hered wien, The purpose then Adininistration apd asvericd Dy Congre | jects ef the war, gave to she administration over 7 | {ug majorities at the election of 0862, io all the loyal States, All engeged hopetully ana uutiediy to the work of epholiimg our constitution and of restoring our Union to Its former condition. — When shis policy wa and it adgrted the sentiments of the extreme Nort States, ang discarded those of the Central aud Western | States, a remarkable polities! revolution was the result. RTREMMR Wits, tut PRET ALI. It bas been apsumed that this war willend in the ascea- daney of tho views of oue of the extremes of our coun- try. Neither will prevail; fer neither can command the | support of the majority of the American people. The } Cautral and Weatern States, which have the largest eof the population ani resources of or vousiry, not accept of either class of purporcs. This is the signifi- vanes of the late elections. their de termivacion is te de- fond the rights of States, ond the rights of individuals, ‘and to restore our Union @ it was. It will be restored by | the Central and Weetern states, Doth free apd slave, whe “Congress sal! make no law abridging Ure freedom of speoch, or of the pres:,or the right et the people peace ably to assemble aud to petition the goveriinent for a re. 2a of grievances. : prevent alarming enndition waturally calls for rewsions of public opinion with respect 1g the jaxcod., objects ot this war, and the spirit in which it shoul conducted, an the end, for which it should be When gino public willis clearly expressed it inust be reeogrized aud wespected by governmont., It with also «make iteif effective in our trequentiy re curring elections, which peacefnily tt rapidly form @ body of governiuent wm harmony with fs purposes. It will influence C: wsional action, or it may iced to @ convention of the States. ‘The cendition of our country is not hopeless unless it made so by posvions and prejudices which are inconsia- tent with ile government of a great country. ‘This war, with ai} ite evils, Das taught ux great truths, which, # accepted by our people, will pace the future relations of the various sections of vue Union on the firmeet basic. It has made us know the valus o€ the Union iteelf, not only in our interua), but im foreign relations. It hag given us ® wisdom and knowledge of ach other, which, had we ponsessed earlier, would have averted our present « oy og rome respects, they are so balanced adjusted by nature that there is an irrepronsible tem deusy to intervourse, barmouy and Union. This tem dency must in the end overcome mutnal misap- prehension. We have aiso learned the great mu-. tab strength of the North and of the South, em@ amid ai] tho bitterness of feeling engendered tection has been taught to respect power, resouroespand courage of the other, ‘We must accept the coudcition of affairs aa they stand. ig * ave exempt from the violent passions which bear control S ice'tacmee ho a/fe Tal ot, hope ts | G2 meee en orn” Gevceret? gs Sarees the prejudices between Norther ant southerm | hy supported; allconstitutional demands of our generab States it ht ne the be bed eontact, but 1D tegec- government faust be prouptly responded t roth each other, if and separated by (de id rescipcer of the country ‘Those of the central es which roj@ ted the ordi. nance of rvcestion, W git to remo im the Union, aod which were drivonef by & contemptuous, incom: promising policy, murt be brought back, The restora. tion of tho whole Ustow will then be only the work of ) time, with auch exertion of power wx can be pat forth without needinwly sacrificing the life aud treasure ot the North in a bloody wad. calami untest. We must not wear out the lives of our soldiers ner exhaust the earnings of labor by a war for uncertain onds, or to carry | out yegie theories. The policy of subjagatioh and exter- mination means net only the destruction of the lives aud | property of the South, but aleo the waste of the bleod acd | tions moat rem great controlling reg! si treasure ot the North. The exertion of armed power | must ba ac yatirm and conciliatory policy t@ restore our Union with the least pos injury to boi wectiony. this power in the Seu greater blessing tha the mest hoy it we have made great sacrifions 0 it not also worth a sacriice of pursion! be torn to fragmens® without one preserve tt non New York gare upn vast and t has proved expected. To say blood and treasure. Is Shali we let it | iliatory effort te | To mak rightfiit polit ADIOSTMRNTS OF INCRIOONTS, HTC | Those atthe North and the South who haye been laboring (0 break down our national constitution and Union, avd to make two confederacies overlook the fact that in each of theae it would be more didicolt to adjust conflicting ‘aterests and State representation than in our oxieting Union. Tho vast extent of our country, aud its | varied productions and pursuits, bave re! J entagonism between commercial, mannfietorme aut agricultural | interests. ‘They give to each great ile < prosperous pursuits. If the producing States no Weat out of from tho markets of the South, they will” de | mand a free trade poliey which will open (6 them the | meriets of the world; oven these will nbt make good the loca. They will not give up their peouilar advantages | ‘of raising grain and cattle for other pursuits, and tbe | markets of the Pastern States and Rurope are not equal Qo Western productions. The pass two years have shown | this, With an anesaal Ruropeaa call for breadstyits and | 10, Hot war al not save the Union, The rule of ae- tion which is is mot applicable to # witespread resistance of reat communities, It is weakness amd folly to shut our eyes to this trath. Under ne circumstances con the division of the Untom ve conceded. We will put forth every exertion of powers we will use every polley of conciliation; we will hold every inducement to the pseple of the South to returm to their allegiance, consister? with boner, we will cuaraa- tee them every right, every coneideration demanded the constitution, and by that fraternal wi i) in’ common country; bot we can never ‘oluntarily congent to the breaking tp of the Union ef thee States or the destruction of snatiiution. Humbly acknow!*aging our deprudence upon Almighty: Gea, Tepenting our prid@, ingratitude and disobe- dience, Jet us pray that our reinds may be inspired with ibe wisdom, the magnanimity, the faith and charity which will ehableus to eve our yountry. ALfANY, Jan, 7, 1868. HORATIO SEYMOUR. A resomtion to print twenty thousand extra copies oF the Message was referred, under the rule Mr. Low moved te refer so much of the Meerageas | relates to national aduirs tea special eommittee of five. Ho desired to take this out of the regular course, because he (Low) thought there wore come subjects contained im it that would setonieh thee country. Mr. HeTumseon objected to the motion, and it was with. drawn. Mr. Swern introduced 9 bill to authorize the New York ‘Warthouse Company to build piers in the Twelfth ware, Rroeklyn. é Mp. Conxouty introduced a Dill to provide for the olec- tion of two additions) justices of the Snprems Court im the First district; also relative to forfeited recognizancem in New York. On motion of Mr. Teesay, & conimittee of throes waa: to investigate the alleged frauds in the passage oF ougtoesing of the Militia Dill Inst year, On mrotion of Mr. Rameay the papera im reference to the siselpp) bound together by interest that when cotton ig All must be