The New York Herald Newspaper, September 8, 1862, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. WHOLE NO. 9491. THE INVASION OF MARYLAND. Additional Particulars of the Advance of the Rebels to Frederick. THEIR OCCUPATION OF THE CITY. Manifeste of the Rebels to the Marylanders. ‘The Rebels Paying for Supplies With United ites Treasury Notes. The Preparations to Resist the Invasion. THE DEFENCES OF BALTIMORE. Our Special Reports from Frederick, Elli- cott’s Mills, Sykesville and Baltimore, &e., &., ao. THE OCCUPATION OF FREDERICK. Bassmmone, Sept. 7, 1862. Frederick, Maryland, was undoubtedly occupied yes. (erday morning, betwoen ten and eleven o’clock, by the vebels. Part of the force turned off at Buckeyetown, as 1 going oither towards the Washington road or the Baiti- more pike. The crossing of the Potomac was éffected at ‘Garee points, : Barrons, Sept. 7, 1862. Fogitives who left Frederick last night report the ity occupied by about five thousand rebels, under Gen, Hill—cavairy, infantry and artillery. The rebels issued {a proclamation promising protection to private property, and appointed 8 Provost Guard. Purchases were being made with United States Treasury notes of cattle and Rorees, which were being sent back towards the rivor. I bave just come from Washington. 1 saw persons who @ame from up the Potomac, whose statements of the safe eoadition of affairs lead me to utterly discredit the wild vamors of Jackson’s having crossed, There are many ro- ‘gore bere in Baltimore, growing out of the movements of our own cavalry. The greatest confidence and cheer prevails in Wasbington, A day or two will demonstrate that all goes on well. pie Barrons, Sept, 7—7 P.M. Varther reports frem Frederick say tbat Bradley T. Johnson was made Provost Marsbal. Tho rebel troops passed through the town and encamped in Winans woods, about one mile beyond the city. ‘The rebel pickets are extended seven miles towards Bagerstown. They possessed themselves of all the shoes, @etbing, &c:, in the storea st Frederick, paying for whem. ‘The telegraph operator remaine at Hagerstown, but faye he cannot bolt the office much lenger. Nearly all b@ Union men have left, ‘Wasucton, Sept. 7, 1862. ‘Zhe information reecived bere is that the great body @ the rebels bave crossed into Maryland, forded the Potomac at Nolan’s Ford above the mouth of the Monceracy. The ford is wide and shallow, with a femoeth bottom. The banks of the Monocracy are precipi. tous; but north and west of it there tea splendid eve! ceuntry, in which the crops this season bave been ex- eebent. It ie stated that the rebels are buying horses and pro- ‘winione and paying for them in United States Treasury Botes, probably money taken from the persons of our ead and wounded soldiers upon the battle folds. ” 4 appears from private accounts that the rebels crossed ee Potomac river on Friday night and early yesterday morning, and thence marched to White Oak Springs, within three miles of Frederick. They crossed both above and belew Point of Rocks, and did it in as speedy (@nd quiet a manner as possible. One of their fret acts was to senda force to cut the telegraph wire and seize @e bridge over the Monocacy. The regiment guarding {Bis point evacuated their position on Friday. @reat numbers of porsons were leaving Frederick to- Gay and yesterday, and proceseing towards Pennsylvania. ‘ecounts from Hagerstown say that many Union refu- gees from Virginia bave arrived there. OUR FREDERICK CORRESPONDENCE. POSITIVE NEWS OF THE ENEMY’s MOVEMENTS—ZxX- ‘TREME LOWNESS OF THE POTOMAC—JACKSON’S MARCH FOR WINCHESTRR—GREAT EXCITEMENT IN PRRDERICK—PREPARATIONS FOK EVACUATION, BTC. FREpEHCK, Md., Sept. 5, 1862. Since the mail closed by which I forwarded my last let ter from this place, very important hght has been thrown ‘wpon the movements of the rebel columns in thts rogion. It ig now certain that the enemy have crossed the river $n force, not only at Conrad’s and Nolan’s ferry, but also near the Point of Rocks; and it is considered not impos- ible that they may also have moved a body of troops ever from Leesburg, by Edwards Ferry. Information Bas just,come in that their scouts ond pickets are already as far ag Buckeyestown—a village@nly four miles from the city. What the strength of their advance in this direction is nobody here seems w have ‘ny ica; but it is probably only a feint, t cover their Feal movements towards William-port and Harrisburg. It may be a foraging expedition, encouraged by the fine ness of the weather, the good cendition of the roads aud the lownees of the water on the fords, Some of the fords ave not a foot of water on them at the present moment. ‘The counties of Washington and Frederick arc the two richest in agricultural productions in the State, and, io the present starving condition of the enemy, a raid for forage upon these counties is by no means improbabie. Perbaps the main body of the enemy may be hereabouts, ‘and that they have concluded to march upon Baltimore directly, without going reund by Williamsport and Ha. geretown. It is certain, however, that Jackson marched from Leesburg to-day in the direction of Winchester, it fe thought by our own trusty scouts, with aforce of about e@xty thousand men and a vast park of ordnance. The excitement here is now at fever beat. The Union ‘men are fleeing before the advance of the enemy, from the eountry into the town, to get, if possible, out of the reach @f the rebels; and many from the town are escaping to- ‘wards Baitimore. The Union flags are everywhere taken down ; but no others have yot taken their places. On the @tber hand, the sevessionists are go jubilant that they cannot control their exultation, An extra train is orderod to Baltimore at noon,'the rush of passengers is so great end I understand that the specie tn the banks will also go forward on it, Theré was some cannonading in the direc- tion of the river about an nour ago, It scemed as if near Leesburg, and I thonght that at one time | could bear the fainter bat more dreadful rattle of musketry. If the rebels are engaged there is no positive knowledge bere of what farces have encountered them, With what gladness the Union meo hear the sound of the cannon! But it bas not been beard for the past hour, and despondency ree gomes the place of temporary eiati ‘The most positive and rignificant news of all has just reached me, Capt. Faithful, who commands the provost qoard bere, which i# a company of Col. Maulsby’s Mary- Jand Home Brigade, haa received important ordere. They ‘are (0 sond Os the commissary Abd quartermaster’s stores ‘t thie point, or as much of them as be can, and to burp any he may not beable to remove. He 1s also directed 0 fall back upon the Junction, three miles from here, where the nearest Union force is posted. It is further Stated that the whole force bave received orders to ro tire down the line of the railroad, and bring their camp equipage along with them; and siready a long train of empty cars are waiting at Frederick Junction to convey them. The cars are also coming along the road from points up the river, and going to Baltimore safety. It is said that the railroad is and the § telegraph is force of the rebel army in the vicinity of the Point of Rocks, while others say that the rebels bave no interest in destroying what may require to assist them in ‘their march upon ‘The amount of goods belonging to the government stored in Frederick is about $25,000 or $30,000 worth, moh of which is being removed. The spirit of the ‘troops is good, and though many of them are of the new Jevy they are all well armed, and evince a disposition to repel an assault of the enemy’s cavalry if it is made ‘upon them before they evacuate the Junction. There te no more news to send you from this point to” day, and I must close this letter to catch the extra train, which may bethe Jast opportunity left me of keeping my bse shee alley, instead of surrendering it to OUR SYKESVILLE CORRESPONDENCE. THE NEWS OF THE REBEL MOVEMENTS IN SYKESVILLE. Syxxsvizig, Md., Sept. 6, 1862. T learn that the track has been torn up above the Kre- ‘ick Junction, and al] communication with Harper's Ferry stopped. Some thirty thousand rebels have crossed the Potomac in the peighborbood of the Point of Rocks and Nolaud’s Ford. Some of the pickets belonging to the Junction ‘were driven in, and one of therm told me that the rebels were shelling the woods on this side, so as to cover their janding. He says that when ho left the river the rebols ‘were crossing in large numbers, abd the contrabands state that they are gathering at Poolesville. OUR ELLICOTT’S MILLS CORRESPONDENCE. THE OCCUPATION OF FREDERICK BY THE REBELS— PARTICULANS OF THEIR MARCH—THEIR RAID UPON LIVE CATTLE AND PROVISIONS—-RAGGED APPEAR- ANCB OF THE REBEL ARMY—FLIGHT OF LOYAL MEN, ETC. Eucorr’s Mus, Ma., Sept. 6, 1802. This place is fall of exciting rumors—all of an alarming nature. You hear at one moment that the rebel cavairy ig within three miles of the town; at another, that they are between here and Baltimore; and then agaio that they have just occupied Frederick. The truth is, the fears of the people in every town in thi State at present make them credulous as well a8 circulators of the most improbable reports. The condition of this town iu this respect may be taken ag a sample of the whole State of Maryland. To-day I am in possession of facts which settle the question, not only about the invasion of Maryland by the rebels, but also about tbeir occupation of Frederick. The jast train Jeft the Junction this morning, and brings the unpleasant intelligence. From passengors and others by this train with whom | bave conversed the following statement of the evacuation of Frederick nnd the Junction and their occupation by the rebels bas been obtained:— Jt appears that the forceof the enemy which crossed the river on Friday was merely their advance guard, consist ing of tweor three battanons of cavalry, a battery of rifled cannon and @ small supporting column of infant- ry—perhaps @ brigade. On the evening of Friday they crossed in much heavier force, the result of the recon” Boissance of the advance guard having been made known, probably, 10 the General in command, who is supposed to be Hill. Having crossed the river with the main Ddody of this column at Nolan’s ford, the advance guard, reinforced to a strength of eight thousand men, marched, in the cool of the evening, towards Frederick. 1¢ was after dark when they reached Buckeyestown, where they posted their pickets in all directions and Dbivouacked for the Bight. Meanwhile foraging parties were sent out in all @irections , who drove in large quantitics of beef cattle, negroes to slaughter and cook them, hogs, sbeep, fow), &c. They aiso bronght in abundance of other previsions to their bivouac, not forgetting intoxicating liquors and salt wherever they were to be found, regardiess of the prier claims of former possessors or anything ols. The fence rails made the bivovac fires, and for the first time in a Jong while the secesh bad evidently ao jolly night of it, though at tho expense of the unfortunate people they came to Niberate. Thus did the rebels commence the liberation of Maryland. Thus did they give them the first taste of the rule of Jeff. Davis and the Southern con!ederacy. In the night the bivouas was enlarged and extended, and it is supposed that the main body bad now joined Weir rollick- ing advance guard. As this was tbe army of liberation, and the rebels are liberal tellows under certain circum- stances, no doubt the main body soon participated in the festivities of the occasion. “What did tbey jook hke?”’ said I to a Joyal Marylander who managed to escape from their lines and make his way to Baltimore. ‘They looked Vike secesh,” said be; “regular rebels out and out, with right smart of rags about them, and very little of anything lee.” It seems that the main body of ibis force at Nolan's ferry, which is about four miles below the Point of Rocks. In pursuance of orders, Captain Faithful, the Provost Marsbal at Frederick, removed about one-third of the stores at Frederick; but before more could be sent for~ ward it was found pecessary to jeave or else become prisoners of war. The balance of the stores were there- fore, on the afternoon of Friday, committed to the flames, and Frederick was immediately afterwards evacuated by our troops. The Junction was also evacuated, and ai] the stores, tents, camp equipage, cannon, &c., at that point safely transferred to Monrovia Station—a point om the ratiroad about twenty-three miles from Baltimore, where yaiting the further advance of Few persons have managed to escape beycnd the rebel lines wherever they have advanced them, and those who do report that they allow no one to leave their lines on any pretence whatever. This is apother taste of “ libera. tion”? for Maryland. This morning, before the break of day, the enemy bav- ing eent forward bis scouts previously ,and been informed that Frederick was evacuated, resumed bis line of march towards the picturesque and bitherto prosperous and pleasant Wutle city. Early in the morning the town was cccuyied by 8,000 of the rebels, and among the first to enter it were the First Maryland rebel regi ment, Colonel Bradley Johnston, who commands thie regiment, is a native of Frederick. He was the fret rebel to enter the town. The secessionists vo Frederick, of course, turned out in full strength to meet their friends, and the display of rebel rags was proportionately large. Further than this, and the capture of tbe government telegraph operator. M Keity | at Frederick, I have no intelligence of the doings of the rebels in tbe city after their occupation of it. Their next move was towards the Junction, which they also found evacuated. Whether they bave advanced further this way of not I have bo information, It may be coneidered strange that the rebels bave neither damaged the railroad nor the telegraph. They haye, however, broken down the dam on the canal, near the Point of Rocks. This effectually closes the navigu™ tion of the canal for a score of miles Or upwards, uotil an opportunity is afforded for recoustructing the dam. It je questionable whetber the principal column of the rebels advanced from Virginia wo Frederek. If it diay bowever, it 1@ more than probable that an advance of our army ip ite rear will reeult in bagging the greater part of Mt, and probably end the rebellion faster (han anything else could etd it, The chances that tbe rebels can either Make a successful advance to Baltimore, or 8 safe retreat, with plinder, from the Icxuriant counts in which they bave pow 80 boldly and desperately pitobed their camps, are of the very tiniest nature. Even if this raid i® pot ‘one by the main body of the rebel army, it can only result Gisastrously to the rebellion in a proportionate degree About cue thousand Usion inhabitants altogether have leit Frederick for safety from the well known tyran. ny of rede! rule, OUB BALTIMOR® CORRESPONDENCE. THR REBELS CROSS AT LRBSEUKG—THBIR PROGRAMME OF INVASION--BALTIMORE IN SAPRTY—-Wie MRA- SURKS OF DEPENOS—GRNERAL WOOL'S ADMINISTRA- TION, Bre. Bartimonm, Sept. 6, 1962. All the intelligence that I have been able to gather op wehen NEW YORK, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 1862 {0 this time confirms the truth of the statement whieh I telegraphed te you last night, It ie true that the Potomac was crossed yesterday merning, at three points vear Leceburg, by a strong force of rebel cavalry, ar- Ullery apd infantry. A’ these points the river is 80 low that the troops forded without apy trouble, tbe soldiers jumping from one stone to another, and the never reaebing the axeltrees or the bubs of the cannon wheels. The object of this crossing was to reoonneitre in the neighborhood of Poolesvilie, with # view to furthe? Operations. The rebel forces who crossed were com” According to the best aceounts the rebel programme, ap set forth in my letter of yesterday, will now be imme diately carried out, 60 far as it is in the power of General, Lee todo so. That part of the rebel army which ts des. tined for the invasion of Maryland is now massed at Leesburg, and is no doubt very strong. It $e not in the power of our army to prevent the rebels from crossing the Potomac, if they wish to do so; and th® Probability is that they will cross, and commence the execution of their programme oithor to-day or 1o-morrow_ ‘The capture of Baltimore is quite another matter. ‘There are plenty of people here who would like to nee Baltimore occupied by a rebel army, There are hundreds ef bright eyes here that would sparkle with daligbt a ‘the sight of General Lee’s body guard prancing past the Monument. But the Unionists are in the majority; and, what is of far greater consequence, Baltimore is uo Tonger defenceloss. There are several forts around the city which it would be necessary to take bofore Paltinors could be captured. Fort McHenry would be of little uso, 4s itis on the wrong side of the city to defend it from a land attack. The fort on Federal Hill, however, could annoy large masses of the enemy considerably. 1 is loudly prociaimed here that if Baltimore falls into the hands of the rebel army the guns of the two latter forts will utterly destroy the city. Even if Baltimore is occu” pied by the rebels, it can be but for a very brief period. ‘Joo much praise caunot be awarded to the managers of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad for their prudent and energetic couduct in this trying emergency. Prudence forbids me to give the details of what they have dove and are doing; but they have taken all neceful measures for the safety of their rond, as well as for that of the mails and possongers. In this they-are ably seconded by Genera, Dixon 8. Miles, the cowmandant at Harper’s Ferry. Genera} Wool’s administration of affairs in this depart” ment 18 marked by great vigor and suecess. This is owing in @ great measure to the officers composing his Ptafl, whose experience and tact wil) now be called in play to their fullest extent, NEWSPAPER ACOUNTS. THE SITUATION IN WASHINGTON. {From the Washington Evening Star, Sept. 6.] Nothing had been publicly kcown here up to noon to- @ay that sheds more ros ‘than we bad yesterday upon the interesting questi whether the rebeis Lave or have not crossed the l'otomac in force. We believe that up to that hour not a report had reached here to that effect from apy oflicer whose daty it bas been 10 watch the river fords and communicate to headquarters infor- mation of everything of public interest occurring about em. Nevertheless, second band telegraphic reports, pur- porting to come from skedaddiing farmers, deserters, &c., reach Washington, as keer fy thick and fast, al Jeging tbat the enemy have crossed at various ferries, from § to the Point of Rocks, av aggregate force of nce er irl say five, others thirty, others y In view of the silence of the officers guarding the river bank, however, it must either be tbat they are cut off already from opportunities to communicate writ Waab- there ie no substantial efor tay tomers: of buge nes rs ots the mennrwhi 2 ol) in Washington realize, large Dodies of our are moving saver oe ae tinoliea tions from which we can be magter of the should these xocoupts prove true. Never before have the streets of Washington been 20 crowded, almost as difficnlt to navignte a back ope now as formerly Pennsylvania avenue. This im- mense throng in our streets is, of course, for the moet [ork Sars, cansea by the military wovements to which we Wve lar sat te agents of, pew troore are ow tn 1g brigaded wi nents, by wi Toeane they wil be. made edeetive soldiers much sooner The straggling officers continues, daily and nightly. Ip the Jast forty-eight bours four or’ five hun- dred bave been secured, brought before the Provost Mai shal in disgrace, apd sent to their respective regimen under arrest. No officer who absents imselt without Jeave from bis post, in times like the present, is fit for his position. Allsuch should be reduced t the ranks with as hitie delay as possibie. Major Generai Jobo Pope has beep rolieved from bis command of the Army of Virgioje and ordered to report to tho War Department for other duty. His late army bas been consotidated with that of General isurnside, and all placea under Major General McClellan’s command. Genera) Burnside continues in command of bis own troops as one of the corps d’armee of the consolidated army. We have further to add that @ consilerable portion of the cousolidaied army is already in mouon, and bids fair to meet tbe rebels xgain in battle ag soon as they are reached wherever they may be in force—a point upon whicb there is great uncertainty bere at this time. GOVERNOR FIKKPONT’S CPINION OF AFFAIRS IN WAREINGTON. (From the Wheeling lutelligencer, Sept. 6.] Governor Pierpeint returned yesterday morning from his tnp of tev days to Washington. He reports a good feoling there in official circles, and says the sevse of secu- rity 18 strcpg. No apprebeniswns are entertained of the entire ability of our army to defend its present line of . Not the icast anxiety is felt as to Jackson's Teported intention to cross the Potomac, for the reason that such a mancecvre would involve the certain destruc tion of the whole rebel army. Our force is very jarge, ‘and daily increasing, numbericg pow as much ‘as two bundred and Oifty thousand men, old troops and Lew. The Governor it a8 Certain that the rebels have Spent their entire strength, and are now at the end of their rope, and are compieteiy foiled in their determ.na- tion to whip our army before it wos reinforced. They have done us great injury, of course, in the way om, ee ee Xc.; Dut their own Jossee, in the way of wounded, disabled apd exiausied men. are.im- mense and greater than ours. They bave used up their men with excessive marching and for want of provisions, and are w no condition © putiorth any vigorous demon- stration. PREPARATIONS FOR MEETING THE REBELS IN PENNSYLVANIA. Baknsncne , Sept. 7, 18€2. Arrangements are being made to forward to the en- trance of Cumberiand valley all troops now bere, and other regiments from New York and the East, detained bere for that purpose. Ifan attempt should be made wo invade Pennsylvania a warm reception will await them. Citizens are organizing themscives into companies under Abe Governor's proclamation. The employes of the Penu- syivania Railroad sbops at this place, numbering over 200, marched yeeterday to the Capitol grounds for drill, Companies and squads are drilling to-day in all our streets and public places. The Governor bas messengors ex vended al! along the border. Governor Curtw is doing all ia bie power. Hie hope for the future is based entirely upon the prompt response of our citizene when called upon. Over 1,000 stand of arme wore sent to Adams coonty to-day, and 1,500 more to Franklin ovunty. THE VIRGINIA SIDE OF THE PGTOMAC. A Battie and nptatenes Montinsecne, Va., Sept. 7, 1862. To Major General Jony F. Woot, Baltimore — J have the bovor to report that the enemy—four bun- dred cavairy—who aitacked my outposts, Lave been de- ented. with the Jose of about fifty prieoners, horses and arms, now ip our posserion. Our loss was two killed and tep woundec—Captain Grosvenor and Lien tenant Logan, of the Twelfth Illinois cavalry. The loss of the enemy grently exceeds ourr, but it is not accurately known. The Twelfth lilinc.s cavairy, Colonel Vers, be- haved in a manner to maintain the houor of the State from which they bail JULIUS WEITER, ct Geveral ‘Pur NeW IRox-cusp at THe Navy Yano, BROORLYS.—= ‘The kee! of vew iron-clad gunboat will be layd at this aval Staiion ip about a week. Naval Conetruetor Velano has been so emnently eucceesful in the construction of iron vessels, the department bave concluded to test hie Ability on an jrop-clad,: She is to be 242 feet jong, fitty feet beam, with a proportionate depth of bold and draught of water, Arriva) and Departures, ARKIVALS. Port Rovat, ist BB Star of the South—Major O M Ir ioe ang Brown and Net Henderson, Lie Lieut Sami J Corry, well, Lieut Ingolis, Lieut’ 8 R Barcla) “y. eu wih bildren; Mra Toombs, MJ Pian Chas WR and tae onilazen, I David Coddington, Dai ore, A Wensie, © Dennis, Francis Pears, Baglin A White, A Harriggion, WM Whiienead, W ra, on Benda B Ke eeler, Chas R Wasson, wife a0 yer, wife and tive and nk TB Ke Kesler P Crosby, Dewey Crocker, THE CAMPAIGN i] VIRGINIA. Additional Interesting Details of Pope’s Battles. The Experiences of Paroled Prisoners. SCENES ON THE BATTLE FIELD. WHAT THE REBELS SAID, ae, Bey ae. LATEST FROM THE LATE BATTLE FIELD. Wasinnaton, Sept, 7, 1862. Late reliable reports from private sources from Centre, ville state that Col. Flannery, with a regiment of cavalry, i in command at that place, and that their pickets extend to within losa than twelve miles of Alexandria. ‘The One Hundred and Thirty-ninth Peanaylvania regi- ment reached tho battle field on Saturday, and commenced ‘tho interment of a number of dead, whieh bave lain un sdistorbed wince the battle, excepting by tho thieving hands of tho ia, who searched every pocket, and, ip many instances, stripped the doad of their elothing. ‘The Union cffieers taken prisoners in the late battles were detained at Gainesville until Friday last, when they were all condncted to Richmond, with the exce)(ion of some of tue more severely wounded, who were, by ihe humanity of Dr. Guild, Medical Director of Genera: Lee, allowed v0 proceed to Washingien in our ambulances, upder the protection of a flag of truce. The last of the Centre ville wounded have reached this eity, accompanied by Drs. Detmold, Page, Clemens, Jen king, Webster, Byrne and others, of the large staff sent vo the relief of our wounded by Surgeon Geveral Ham" mond. STATEMENT OF MR. E EMERY, OF WASH- INGTON. THE GOVERNMENT CALL FOR NUSES—THE READY RESPONSE—EZN ROUTE FOR THE BAITLE FILLD-— OUR ALLEGED VICTORY A SIGNAL DEFHAT—BAD @ENERALSHI?—-MCLELLAN’#® ENEMIES ACKNOWL- BOGE BIS SUPERIORITY AND SKILL—THE BATTLE * ¥IELD—THB ATTENTION OF THE UNION SURGEONS TO OUR WOUNDED—rHE STKADY BRAVERY OF OUR TROOPS FROVED—BATTLE FIELD DECLARATIONS OF REZL SOLDIERS—IHE ESTIMATED UNION LOSSES, KIC. Wasnincton, Sept. 5, 1862. The request of the Secretary of War on Saturday last» that the clerks and employes in the several departments should hasten to the field of conflict and minister to the sick and wounded, was cheerfully complied with, and very many who proficred their services were unable to g0 for waut of transportation. Those who went arrived at Centreville, after a vexatious and tedious journey in a Jong train of ambulances, about eight o'clock Sabbath morning. Before reaching that place, however, the ind)- cations were anything but favorable to the despatch which had been sent by General Pope to Wash. ington on Saturday afternoon, that the Union army was victorious and the rebels flying to the mountains. Long trains of government wagons, Joaded and empty, with portions of artillery batteries, generally without their yuns, and the burried movements of all, were avy - thing but satisfactory to one who stood by the Union. But very sew, however, seemed to understand thas it was @ retreat to other lines, as, in answer to the question “why they were moving bockward,”’ every one had his ‘own answer; but no one viewed it as a retreat before the enemy. Our disappojntment may be imagined when we found the whole army ‘behind the old intrenchments at Centreville, and our glertous victory turned into a signal and cisagtrous defeat, and in many respects a la Bull run of the 2ist July, 1861. The enemy had possession of thé field, and if our dead and wounded were to be cared for we must Cnter tho battle feid under & fag of truce. This the enemy would not allow untit the next day ¢Monday). lhe chagrin of the men and officers of the army, as might be expected, was deep, when, as they all declared, proper generalship would have saved them what they all claimed to within ap bour of their retiring before the triumpbant and shouting rebels. As there wore all that were necessary to waitupon and care for the wounded that had been brought to Centreville, we determined to spend the day as best we could with our army, and go to the battle fleid in the morning. Wherever a number of men were clus. tered together during the day, the causo of the defeat was freely and carnestly canvassed; and but one opinion prevailed, and that was the total disqualification and in- efficiency of General McDowell, and that, with any other general on the field, the battle would have been won. De- punciations cf his conduct were uttered both by men and officers,and it is very doubtful whether he will be able during the war to lead even a brigade into the field. It was oaid that be would long since bave been dismissed the service for incompetency but for political mfuence. Although ws confess to having lately gone with the muititade as to the unfitness of Gexeral MoCiolian as a leader of our army, the fooling manifested by officers and privates for that man—the one alone fitted to lead them to final succevs— quite disarmed ue of our prejudices, and we acknowledge to deep conviction that the administration would run great havards in attempting to supplant him with any other general. Where avy other opinion was expressed | it was by men jately recruited into the service, and whoee opizions were of but little moment. After passing over the old Bull run battle ground, we arrived at the place where our surgeons bad established their headquarters, and where the work of amputation was ebortly to commence. Dr. McFarlane, the Medical Porveyor of Genera} Pope's stall, was in his place, sur- rounded by a Jarge corps of assistants, and it would be unjust not to state that nearly every one of them per- formed their duties promptly and well. Drs. Howard, Page, Webster, Keyen, with a few others swore especially aseid n their attentions, and certainly did not mani- feet any of thot inhumanity and barbarity which we have heard of upon such occasions. A battle Geld scone immediately after a confict has ao often Deen described by eye witnesses that we shail pass it by with the remark that it must be seen to be under. stood: no language can describe it. We observed that the dead, contrary to our own ideas of such sights, nearly invariably occupied but ane position—upon the back, the face upturned, and legs and arms extended. Upon that portion of the ‘icld where MeDoweil led his forces mto sueb a munierous fire; and lost the day, it was easy to seo how steadily the men advaneed, and how may brave men felj at cach fire from the enen battery. They lay in winrowr, and at just such intervals apart as {t re- quired time to load and fire. It was said by mnoy that MeDowell mananvred his troops (hat ai ternoon in an un- accuuntable mauuer to military men, and that he did not allow our artillery to be served with any gort of effect upon the enemy's ranks. ‘The evemy did wot appear in sight, and, although come what curious to know what had become ot #0 vast a mul, titude in 80 short a time, we were vot ditposed to seck information at the risk of safety, Squads of cavalry could be sen riding over the field, pansing occasionally ‘to view the dead,and now and then a company of citi- zeus, prompted by curicrity, would wander leisurely About, We were not molested in tho discharge of our bumane duties; on the contrary, everything in the power of the revela was done to aid the suffering. We saw seve. ral instances of almost affectionate attention bestowed ‘upon some poor sufferer; a small cracker would be balved apd the canteen emptied of its last drop to quench the thirst of the dying, or tenderly would they change the position of some who had been lying im their gore for fifty or sixty hours. Under such circumstances, ove ‘would involuntarily exclaim, “In the name of God and humanity, what is all tbis blood and sacrifice fort”? Officers and men conversed freely upon the points in isene, The officers, however, differed in this respect from the privates: they denounced the North, were bit ter in their denunciations, and debiared that they were going to fight until the last man bad salien and the last drop of bicod bad beon shed. A number of intelligent privates, when conversing with them alone, declared they would much rather come under the old flag than to fight another battle. A young man, who was searching for @ mirsing brother, said “that be was born and Jived in tbe State tbat had begotten the trouble (South Carolina), but that he never voted for seorssion; that he bad been forced to take arms, but that if he could voto ee Union he certainly would do it.” ‘Ho said “the war was kept up ty the weatag; ams the the oor did the fighting, and that even if the South could gain ite Mdependence 1t would be of no possible advan- tage to them.” And such was substantially the language of many others with whem we eoaversed. With vegard to the assortions that have 80 frequently been made regarding the treatment ef the dead and wounded by the rebels, we are satisfied of their correctness. Nearly al) the dead were stripped of their clothing, unless where it was inferior; and where either the coat or pants wa left upon the body, the watch fob and pockets were univer- sally turned inside out, The money and valuables pon the wounded were also takenj from them, excepting in a few instances, where those gulngs were carefully concealed tn some other place ‘wpon the body. We did not see a body of a single enemy , and the very [ow graves which appeared upon the ground Jed ng to suppose that the enemy’s joss in killed was really nothing in comparison with our own; but we Jearned that they had a corps attached to their army whose only business was to carry off the dead and wounded, and who never do service in the ranks; that the dead had been removed to some point from the field and buried. In this fact we were confirmed by accidentally finding & number of rebels filling up a large hole in ® neighboring field, where jperhaps fifty or sixty bodies were interred. ‘Tho effect of having men to perform this work alone leaves the privates totally in the dark as to the true numbers they loose in battle. Every soldier that I asked concorn. jpg tho number they lost in those two days seemed to think about # fourth or fifth part of the Union oss. 1 was well convinced that this mode of deceiving the soldiers was practised, as, in speaking of several different ‘battles where their losses were notoriously for beyond our own, the men talked about the email numbers they Jost. 1t was a matter of astonishment to all that 80 little com) laint was made by the wounded; aud although they ‘Were left upon the field for so many hours without drink or nourishment, yet not a word of complaint escaped tho ips Of any coe. ‘They took it for granted that the govern- ment was doing everything in its power to alleviate their sufferings. J cannot but think that the commissary eupplies of the enemy are very low, and, indeed, well nigh exhausted. When supplies from Washington failed to reach us upon Wednesday morning, we made tho proposition to their medical purveyor, Dr. Gill, and others, that the government would return promptly anything they would Jet us have in the way of meat, bread, &c.; but they inform- ed us that they had none themselves, and, although willing to do it, it was out of their power—that their supply trains were very far back, and that they could not tel! when they would reach them. The men also made corro- Dorative statemenis concerning their rations. I caunot but think that the confident appeasance with which tho enemy now assumes the offensive is all sham, for the purpose of gaining time, and that a prompt, rapid move. mentof our forces would cause them to fly as the chal! before the wind, The slow movements of our own army have in every instance been of immense advantage to the once. But Gen. McCiclan must not nowfbe interfered with by civilians or politicians. On Tuesday, the whole of the day, the road towards Leesburg was erossed with the enemy’s troops and bag- gage train. At least forty thousand men must bave passed during the day, and when we arrived at Centre- ville, on Wednesday afternoon, the wagons were boing loaded with the supplies captured from us at Fairfax Sta- tion, and with the forage our army had left at Centre. ville. These, we algo observed, were heading for Lecs- burg. One of the most impressive and solemn incidents that occurred while on that field of death was the perform: ance of the funeral service at the burial of private L. White, of the Egbty-third Pennsylvania, who was unfor- tunate enough to be in McDowell's division, and fe!l while charging upon the enemy’s battory. Dr. Willtame, o¢ Watisburg, Erie county, Pa., with whom young White had resided the greater portion of hve lige, was in Washing- ton the day of the battle, and proffered his acrvices to the government as a volunteer surgeon. On arriving at the army be discovered White was missing, ond was in- formed by a member of his company that be was killed, ag he bad him fail, Oo Tuesday morning the Doctor made search for the body, and found him still alive aud conscious. He was able to converse, but lived only aa hour or two after the Doctor's arrival, Being the only clergyman upon the ground, at the request of the Doctor, I performed the religious services at the grave; and never, while I live, can the recollections of that scene and iny feelings be effaced, as the little groap collected under @ mulberry tree and buried the patriot sol ier. I prayed most fervently that the Divine support might be given to the young wife whom, afew mouths after their marriage, he had left to sustain tho fag and government; I prayed for the wounded, a large number of whom lay near the grave, and rigbt earnestly did I mplore the God of battles to bless and save our country and government. In returning,on Wednesday, we were detained some time by the enemy, as they had determined that no one of us should Jeave antil ail our dead had been buried and all oar wounded cared for; but, through the kindness of a mutual friend, @ Canadian gentleman, and Dr. Thomas Maury, of the rebel army, and formerly of this city, wo were enabled to go on our way, and we passed the last of the enemy’s pickets about midnight, not far from Fair. fax Court House. Three miles beyond Fairfax we entered the Uniomdines, and were happy to find ourselves again where the old flag atill floated. 1 have seen the number killed and wounded in the two days engagement variously estimated. 1 find, how” ever, a strong inclination to overestimate both dead and wounded, and hardly any two could agree, even after being upon the field two or three days. My own umpres sion is that the killed will not exceed fifteen hundred, and the wounded forty-five hundred. These figures 1 should cousider high, rather than too low. ‘The most efficient branch,I should judge, of the ene- my’s service ts his cavalry, which certainly far exveods our own in every respect. They have the best and mort soldierly looking men, a8 well as tho best stock of horses, and their equipments, at least, are oqual to our own. The men with whom I conversed were infantry, and accounted for that in this manner:—That there was Jess davger in that arm of the service,as they seldom were ordered onder heavy fire; that each man was woaithy and took his own borse, and the poor or laboring clasecs had to do the hard fighting and bard work. A leaf out of a diary, of whieh the following is a copy, was handed to me by one of the following nine wounded men, whe had managed to crawl together upoa a smal! grass plot — TWANTY-8:XTH NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS, Sergoant Harris, wounded in leg. Sergeant Vibard, wounded in leg. James Antone, wounded in hip. 8. Samuel Wrightmyre, ‘wounded i shoulder, Jatteson, wounded in jeg. Sergeant Holmes. ‘We have laid bere ever since Angust 30, two o'clock P. PRICE TWO CENTS upper (for the reason that the selves were destitute), and, with or any covering whatever, all were compelled ta ‘spend the night upem the ground. The next day some of the men suecesded im purchasing small heecakes, for which the rebels charged five dollass apiece; but moat of the men got nothing at all, The rebels had s very little fresh beef, but depended principally upon ‘roasting earn’? and roast apples, of which three days’ rations were being Prepared when our prisoners departed. The enemy tookt from Captain Judson bis revolver, sabre, belt and spore, Temarking that his pistol (one of Colt’s manufacture) wag ‘worth among them $125. Gur money was refused by them with few exceptions; but all were ravenous for specie. Everything that could be done for the comfort of our prisoners was cheerfully performed; but, as the rebels were suffering themselves for food, they could only alleviate the suffering of our mem by courtesy and honorable behavior. ‘The officers are well uniformed, and are generally fine looking men, They wear a doubie breasted coat of very fine cadet gray, with the buttons ef their respective States, infantry officers having their cuffs and collars blue, cavairy yellow, and artillery . red. Most of the artillery officers, however, wear short jack- ets trimmed with red cord. Their sabres are of very poor quality, and many of tbe officers are destt tute of belt or scabbard, and are compelled to carry theta swords consiantly in their bands, A few bave thei sabres quite sharp. The privates are dressed in every style, most of them wearing the clothes they brought from home. Great numbers are without shoes, and have been for months, They are armed with the altered flint lock muskets, rifles and shotguns, and express the mos® implicit confidence in success. Among the guard Captain Judson noticed a smail, swoothfaced lad of fourteen, whom he asked, ‘ Why, what are you doing with a mus- ket?’ when the little fellow straightened himself up, ex- claiming, ‘Tam a soldier, sir, and fightimg for my coune try. P’ve carried my murket so far, and I reckon J cam carry it farther.”” There seems to be a great lack of discipline ag regarda respect for officers; but so great. is the desperation of the men, who have been promised the privilege of sucking Washington, that in battie not aman dare finch or for a moment hold back. ‘Their artillery is considered by them their poorest arm, and their cavalry the beste ‘The latter are mounted on very fine horses, and are arme@ With donbls barrelled shotguns and sabres. Most of their sabres are manufactured at Port Republic, in the Sbenan- doah valley. But few have pistols. They have @ most beautiful sille guidon of searlet and blue, with white slars and crimson fringe. All the arms lost by our troops are carefully collected and issued to their men. Sharp’s rifles are considered great prizes, and command an exorbitant price. A nuin- ber of the Second Berdan Sharpshooters were taken prisonors, and every man destroyed his rifle by oither removing the slide at the breech, or by bending the bar- rel, not one of those much sought for weapons falling ‘nto their hands in a serviceable condition. In the rebel cavalry Captain Judson saw @ great pum. ber of civilians, whom he had met with insile our lines, many of whom had applied to him for guards to provect their property. These wero dressed in citizens’ clothes, but carried shotguns and sabres. Other officers also saw men whose property had been protected at their own re” quest, together with several persons whom we had ar” reated at Fredoricksburg and elsewhere, and released on parole. General Ewell was nvt killed, as reported, but waa shot in tho knee joint, rendering it necessary to amputate the limb. This, however, will render him unfit for ser- vice, and, as be is of a very nervous temperament, and ip poor hoalth, it is not improbable that the wound will ulti- tately result in bis doath. Their own sick and wounded suffor terribly through want of proper care and nourish ment, and are dying by hundreds. ‘Their privates took great pains in administering to the comfort of our wound- ed left on the field, giving them water, placing them in the shado, and otherwise arranging them in easy post tions, As late as Wednesday last scveral hundred of ous wounded remained upon the field with nothing to cat, and with no one to dress their wounds. Mundreds of the killed aro yet unburied, and many of these, including officers, are stripped entirely naked. Capt. Judson and Capt. Garrish buried the remains of Colonel O'Connor, of the Second Wisconsin, together with the remains of ten men. The Colonel’s grave was marked, 80 a8 to be recognized at any future period, and steps bave already been taken to obtain the boay and send tt to Wisconsin. Onur prisoners would have buried all the dead had an opportunity been afforded; but, as the rebels were about to move, it became necessary for them te leave before many could be intorred. ‘The rebels express great admiration of McClellan’s genius and ekill, and regard the operations of the aboli’ tionists in crippling the Genoral on the peninsula and re- strioting his autbority as one of the best movemente that could have been made for the promotion of their cause, Ibe rumor that MeCicilan was again to be put in chief command occasioned no little uneasiness, and she im Pression prevailed among them that, unless they could make a successful dash into Maryland and capture Wash ington before he could dispose his troops, they would either be annihilated here or compelled fall back upoa Richmond. Their eriticisms upon Gen. Me- Dowell were far from flatiering, and evinced considerable knowledge concerning his personal character and babite. None of them covsidered him treacherous, a8 many have ‘unjustly accused bim of being; but the remark of a majos to Captain Judson seemed to express the opinion of every Southern man relative to the General's efficiency. Said the major, “When we see General McDowell in cormmand of your troops, we regard it as being better for os than thirty thousand reinforcements.” It is surprising to estimate the number of borses shot under officers upon the fleld. Captain Wood, of Genera) Gibbons’ staff, had throe horses shot under him; General Hatch lost two, and two of his staff each a horse. Lieuten- aut Colonel Beardsley, 0? the Twenty-fourth New York, was struck by three balls, and his horse by #!x,nine im all; yet, strange to say, be escaped with ouly a slight wound on the hand. A stecl vest saved his life, Major Barney, of the Twenty-fourth, was shot in thé hoad and breast, at the head of his regiment, while gal- Jantly leadiug a charge. He had mounted the rajrosd embankment, and was shouting to his men “Come on,’ when be fell at their feet, and his horse, rearing up, plunged wildly down the other side, into the ranks of the ene: fhe Major survived a few hours, and finally ex: pired, surreunded by a few of his wounded friends upon the field. ‘The Thirtieth New York regiment was exposed to « terrible fire, and, as was seen by the list of kilied and wounded, suffered heavily. The color guard, Corporal Lawrence, behaved witn remarkable gallantry until shot down, when he was succeeded by six other men, cach of whom, one after another, met the same fate. The Twen- ty-fourth and Thirtieth New York regiments have over oue-half of the rank and file killed or wounded, and have lost nearly every officer, “Lieutenant Colonel Searing and Major Chrysler, of the latter regiment, both had theis horses shot under them. ‘The Fourteenth (Brooklyn) New York State Militia be haved splendidly, and, as @ result of the engagement, has only sixty-five men left for duty. A large number of recruits are coming on for the regiment, and we may ex- pect to soon seo the command filled up to its old standard§ i M.—some seventy two hours. Please us off before night. ra vie % fm ey It has been erroneously stated that King's division broke ‘The wants of these men were attended to as far as was | aud came off the feid in great disorder, General Gib- possible. There being no ambulances at the time to re. | bons’ brigade covered the retreat, and was highly compli move them, some food and stimulants were carried to | mented by the lamented Kearny upon their good ordos them and a detail of men ordered to remain with them to | a8 he passed them. Captain Campbell's battery, Fourth keep fire over night, Their gratitude was expressed in the warmest manner. THE RETURN @F A PAROLED PRISONER. APPAIRA IN THE REBEL ARMY--TREATMENT OF THR WOUNDED—THE DEAD UNBURIED—INUIDENTS OF THE BATTLES—HOUSKS PREPARED FOR DkSTAUC- TION, BYC., BTC. Wasmixeron, Sept. 6, 1862. Captain Judson, Assistant Adjutant General to General Hatch, bas arrived in Washington, after nearly a week's sojourn among the rebels at Manassas, where he was taken prisoner He had beea sent with an order to one of the commands upon the feld in the engagement of Friday, when be was snddenly surrounded by a sumbor | of the enemy, who excitedly levelled their muskets at him, and would doubtless havo instantly shot him but for the promptness of Liens. Bearden, of the Second Mis- Captem Judson, with Captain Garrish, of the New Hampehire battery; Lieutenant Doughty, of the Second Berdan Sharpabooters, and fifty privates, were immedi- ately marched off to Gaiossyille, where they wero kept until paroled. Nothing wae given them for | tiga ppi, who threw up the muskets with his sabre. | artillery (regalar), attached to thia brigade, did service unsurpassed by any upon the feld, and fired the last abog at the enemy on Saturday night. General King is still confined to bis room at the Kirk: wood House, and, though suffering greatly from debility? | will, it is hoped, soon be able to resume command of nie division. General Match is now division commander Colonel Phelps, of the Twenty-second New York, having his brigade, in the absence of Colonel’Sullivan, Gonoral Angur is rapidly recovering from his wound, re coived at Codar Mountata, and expects to join nis division again in a few days. When our forces fel) back upon Washington from Centre. ville, an order was isgued to the residents of Fails Church ‘and the surrounding neighborhood to leave their premises, ‘and come within our lines. All the loyal people did #0, and are now In Wasbington, having left their property with no protection whatever. with the rebels remain, and, find many opportunities of conveying information to the enemy. Thus, while home, Those who sympasbize though inside our lines, the disloyal remain at and are permitted to guard | their pro} {CONTINUED ON RIGHTH PAGE]