The New York Herald Newspaper, March 16, 1862, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR, OFPICE N. W, CORNER OF PULTON AND NASSAU STS. wont ty mall wil beatthe Ry vip beds ry | Stias current im New York ish of the sender, None but ‘THE DAILY HERALD.two centsver copy. $7 per annum. [ERALD, Saturcay, af stxoants THE WEEKLY #1 every ey, 07 Sper annum; the European GEIS to day parr Bic Contino, Sth to fnctue postage Cabermia Bln 9 Ist, Ith and 2let af each mouth, ateie I hs ane OBE ea a nated me anew CORY, oF 82 per annum Pony ;RRESPONDENCE, containing important news, gains Ay any quarter of the world; if used, willbe u pard for. Our ForeiGs CORREArONDENTS Anu PARTICULARLY RxQUEsTeD 70 SEAL 4Lt LETTERS aND Pack. AGES KENT OD Wo NOTICE taken of anonymous correspondence. Wedono SR Setaeea a toe sony om! efor ADV ERTISE. 8 re ie i ei hiWeexcy Hema. Paxtiy Hagatp, and i ‘he Califarnia and Puropean Editions. Job PRINTING executed with neatnesa, cheapness und de epaich NIBIO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Macie Sutar—Coueex va. WINTER GARDEN, Broadway.—Tas Betts or rue Brasos. cMabtacn’s THEATRE, No, 84 Brosdway,—Tux Love ass. LAURA KEENE’S THEATER, Broadway.—Tus CARTHY; OB, THE Pax oF Dar. —_ we NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery. —CO-Leay BORNE—KUFrIAN BOY. ea be BOWEB' he a ’ ws THEATRE, Bowery.—Sticaxer's Nattoxat oe ARY PROVOST'S THEATRE, 435 Broadway—Ricaarp BARNUM'S AMERICAN MUSEUM. Broadway.—Cow Norr—Livinc Hirrorotamos, Waais, 4c., at all bours.— Bapak AND KaLaNave, afternoon and evening, BRYANTS’ MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broad way.—Down 1x Onp K-¥- HOOLEY'S: MINSTRELS, Stuyvesant Tustitute, 9 Broadway.—Etuiortan Songs, Dances, Fe sap bees NIBLO'S SALOON, Broad way.—Gorrscuate's Conox rr. MELODEON CONCERT HALL, $39 Broadway — DAxcus, BURLESQUES, &0.—CostRinanD ConTEstiOn CANTERBURY MUSIO HALL, 685 50: Dances, BuaLesques, £0.~INaucue corse ~~ GAIETIES CONCERT ROOM, 616 Broadway.—D1 Roow Enrextainments, BALLets, Pawtomaes, Pances £0 AMERICAN MUSIC” HALL, 444 Broadway. —J Dauuxi—He.ta0ad—Cortision—Jouuy Sutizes Ne” ORYSTAL PALACE CONCERT HALL, No. 45 Bowery. — Bumiusgzs, Soxas, Dancus, Ac.—~iwo Utowss. PARISIAN CABINET OF WOND! — Open daily from WA BLADE Me OS Broadway. NOVELTY MUi 7 NOVELTY MUSIC HALL, 616 Broadway.—Buacrsavxs New York, Sunday, March 16, 186%, = : eS ee THE SITUATION. General. McClellan has issued a spirit-stirring address tothe Army of the Potomac, at the head of which he has placed himself to lead. them on to victory. It is dated from his headquarters at Fair- fax Court'House yesterday, and cannot fail to in- spire the army with confidence in their General end enthnsiasm in the cause. “ For along time,” he says, “I have kept you inactive, but not with- outa purpose. You wete to be disciplined, armed and instructed. The formidable artillery you now have had to be created. Other armies were to move and accomplish certain re- sults, I have held you back that you might give the death blow to the rebellion that has distracted our once happy country. The patience you have shown, and your confidence in your Gen- eral, are worth a dozen victories.” He assures his soldiers that the Army of the Potomac is now a real army, magnificent in material, discipline, equipment, and perfect in its commanders. He declares that the moment for action has arrived ; that he can trust them to save their country, and that he will bring them face to face with the rebels, and can only pray God to defend the right. He continues in this bold, manly strain, to an- nounce the probabilities of the fature:—‘‘ In what- ever direction you may move, however strange my actions may appoar to you, ever bear in mind that my fate is linked with yours, and that all I do is to bring you where I know you wish to be—on the decisive battle field. It is my business to place you there. Iam to watch over you as a parent over his children, and you know that your General loves you from the depths of his heart. It shall be my care—it has ever been—to gain success with the least possible loss. But I know that if it is necessary, you will willingly follow me to our graves for our righteous cause. God smiles upon us! Victory attends us! Yet I would not have you think that our aim is to be obtained without a manly stroggle. I will not disguise it from you, that you have brave foes to encounter— foemen well worthy of the steel that you will use 60 well. I shall demand of you great, heroic exer- tions, rapid and long marches, desperate combats, privations, perhaps. “We will share all these to, gether, and when this sad war is over we will all return to our homes, and feel that we can ask no higher honor than the proud consciousness that we belonged to the Army of the Potomac!" With this patriotic and soldicrly appeal the gal- lant young chieftain enters upon his active cam- paign. It is evident that the grand Army of the Potomac fs not to return until the rebellion is crushed out and the war bronght to a happy ter- mination, In hailing his onward career we have but to echo the prayer of McClcllau, that God may defend the right. ‘The cavalry reconnoissance under Gen. Stone- man on Friday, on tie Orange and Alexandria Railroad, a distance of twenty-four miles in a straight line from Manassas, resulted in finding that section of country wholly abandoned by the rebels, and discovering eviderce everywhere of a perfect rout of the enemy. Reliable information establishes the fact that the evacuation was com: menced on the 7th inst., in consequence of infor- mation received by the rebels that Gen. McClellan was about to throw a large army between Manas. sasand Richmond. It has been ascertained that the rebels could concentrate fuily 90,000 men at that point, without redacing their forces at Win- chester, Leesburg or Occoquan. We give to-day a map of the new line of the Tebel defences south of Manassas. It forma the arc ofa circle, of which Richmond is the centre, sv! Port Royal on the Rappahannock and Cumber- « Gap ia the Biae Ridge Mountains the extreme twnd left, the whole defensive line embracing ‘ortified banks of the Rapidan and Rappa- vek rivers, The two strong points at Gor: vol Prederickeburg are enclosed in this va the railroad communication by sud the Coutral and Ten’ enawbora of valuable ¢ wa cd Mer are being ote Jons* line, the Vir NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, MARCH 16, 1862. our vessels from the rebel batteries on the Lower | ter request and firmer, with sales of new meas at $13 15 Potomac, at Dumfries, Bvansport and other points. The batteries at Aquia creek and Boyd’s Hole were shelled yesterday by the gunboats Anacostia, Yankee and Island Belle. No damage was done to our vessela from the shore. It is evident that | their few remaiaing batteries cannot hold out long. Tue rebel flag ha; vanished from Missouri. With the evacuation of New Madrid the State has seen the last of the rebel forces. They have been driven down the river on the southeast, and over the Arkansas border on the southwest, never to return again. Island No. 10 has most probably by this time been also abandoned, leaving the Missis- sippi free of its most trusted rebel defences, The map of the Mississippi river, which we publish in another column, will show all the positions in this vicinity recently occupied by the rebels. The official despatch to Sccretary Stanton states that the enemy left all his artillery, field batteries, tents and military stores behind him, valued in all at a million of dollars, The rebels fied in such haste that they left their suppers untouched on the ta- bles and the candies burning in their tents. They betook themselves into a neighboring swamp, ut- terly demoralized. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. ‘The Assembly of our State Legislature was in session yesterday and transacted considerable business. Remonstrances were presented against the Broadway Railroad and Concert Saloon bills. Favorable reports were made, amongst others, on the propose@ $10,000 annual appropriation to the People’s College, and the bill to regulate adver- tising in New York. The Annual Supply bill was reported from the Ways and Means Committee, and recommitted. Anannual tax bill for genera! purposes was reported. The proposed prohibitory amendment and the report on the Excise law were made the special orders for Friday next. The select committee on the transactions of the State Military Board, reported a bill for compensation to volunteers who have suffered loss from imper- fect clothing furnished to them. Notice was given ofa bill to provide for the payment of the bonds issued by this city for the defence of the Union. A meeting of the journcymen segar makers of this city was held last night at the Metropolitan Rooms, Hester street, to take into consideration the proposed tax on manufactured segars. The sense of the meeting appeared to be that «tax imposed on the manufactured article would be positively detrimental to the working man, aa it wonld leave him ontirely at the mercy of his em- ployer, as well as cause a material falling off in business. A large proportion of the jousneymen segar makers avail themselves of their spare time to make segars in their own private residences, and they complain that should the tax, as propos- ed, be carried into effect, it would be a great hard- ship for them to be compelled to pay a heavy li- cense for this privilege. They are of opinion that the tax should be levied on the raw material, and that a heavy import duty should be placed on fo- reign segars. Speeches were made in support of these views by Mr. Thomas George Duganne and others, and it was finally resolved to send a dele- gation to Washingion, and also to call @ mass meeting at the Cooper Institute on Tuesday even- ing next. The following table shows the present afaual pay of the members of the Cabinet, members of Congress and the officers of the army, together with the amount to which the bill which passed the Senate on the 12th inst. reduces the salaries of these officers :— Present pay. Reduced pay. Members of the Cabinet. 38,000 P36 Members of Congress. 000 2,700 Major Generals... 628 5,066 Brigadier Gene: 3,776 3,400 irtermaster Ge: 3,776 3,400 ajutant Generals. . 2,820 2,538 Inspector rals. - 2,820 2,528 Generals. « 2,820 2,638 Assistant Quartermasters.... 2,820 2,538 Colonels. seneee » 2,820 2,538 Paymaster Generals.. . 2,740 2,466 Surgeon Generals. . » 2,740 2,466 Lieutenant Colonels. . ++. 2,533 2,276 Assistant Adjutant Generals. 2,532 2,276 Deputy Quartermasters..... 2,532 2,276 Asst. Quartermaster Generals 2,533 2,276 Deputy Paymaster Generals. 2,532 2,276 Sargeons............ 2,460 2,214 Majors............... » 2,244 2,020 Assistant Adjutant Generals. 2,244 2,020 irtermasters... - 2,246 2,020 Paymasters..... . 2,244 2,020 Assistant Surgeons. 1,720 1,548 Adjutants 1,512 1,361 Regimental Qua: 1,512 1,361 First Lieutenants. 1,296 1,167 Second Lieutenan' 1236 1,113 No provision is made for the pay of chaplains, and they are pot recognized by the government, except when specially assigned to a post by the War Department. When sent with a regiment of volunteers, the State must make provision for their payment. The steamboat Cambridge, with a regiment of rebel soldiers on board, sunk in White river on the 23d ult. A mon and his three children, five deck handa and forty-three soldiers were drowned. All the soldiers’ equipments were lost, and the boat can never be recovered. In the General Sessions Wednesday Ludwig Alex- ander, formerly a merchant in Fall River, Mass., was tried and convicted of receiving $996 worth of silks and satins on the 30th of January, the pro. perty having been stolen from David B. Hunt. Sentence will be passed on Saturday. Ann Buck- tey and Ellen Hamflton were convicted of larceny, in stealing $29 from Henry Sommers, in an oyster saloon in Grand street. They were each sent to the Penitentiary for two years. The Grand Jury dismissed the complaint against a clerk of Wede- meyer & Otto who was charged with violating the law regulating the sale of poisons, he having sold a dose of landanum to Charles M. Fishor, who committed suicide by taking it. Governor Beriah Magoffin has vetoed a bill, which passed the Legislature of Kenturty, requiring all ministers before they were qualified to perform the marriage ceremony, to take an oath to support the constitution of the United States. An accident occurred on the New Orleans and Jackson Railroad, by the collision of two trains, on the 27th alt., by which twenty-eight rebel soldiers were killed and twenty-four wounded. They belonged to the Seventh Mississippi regi- meat. Cojonel J. B. Johnson, wrother of Robert W. Johnson, Confederate States Senator from Arkan- sus, was killed by a railroad train, near Murfrees boro, Teun., on the 22d ult. Colonel Johnson was in command of an Arkansas regiment in Hardee's brigade, All the Pennaylvania and Ohio canals will proba. bly be open for navigation by tho first of next week. The New York canals will not be ready beforo the latter part of April. Wall street was quiet yesterday; th tion and no news of any bind, tho to suppose we are on the eve of atarti were steady, the Erie shares and bonds being active at 7 . oo bameedtar sasior and exchange lower, in ils bein old a %. ‘ais dog ote $a ye t A11sy. The specie export of The extreme ine! terfered with the activity in some bravehes ency of the weather yesterday, in- of trade, reached, in small lots about 27540. for middling ecarce, and bed at 2c. a Shc Phiuds. Good middlings were - The flour market was the ealer modorat Wh tates tably active, ¢ without ebange of moment, chiefly made to the home tr while tha market was inacti w ier, wh 63% yond @. vo and le anios were to) #600 for Western mixed as firm: | the glorious prospects bef k vas (a some bot 2 $18 8734, and at $10 75 & $10 81% for new prime fu- gars were steady, while the sales embraced 142 hhis. Cubas at full prices. Coffee was quiet, and no gales of motent reported. Freights were steady, while engago- ments were moderate, The War and the Great Results of a Com- prehensive Plan and Ample Prepara- tons. It is a remarkable fact that, down to January last, we had accomplished nothing in the prose- cution of this war in the way of a decisive blow against this Southern rebellion. Many bloody battles and skirmishes had been fought in Vir- ginia, Kentucky and Missouri; we had conquer- ed a lodgment on the North Carolina coast, and a solid footing on the “sacred soil” of South Carolina; but still Big Bethel, Bull run, Spring- tield, Belmont and Ball’s Bluff were boasted by the rebels as presenting a satisfactory balance against us. Apparently we had gained nothing in a general summing up, and the reason was that, while preparing for a grand and systematic campaign, we had been pursuing a desultory system of warfare along the frontiers of the re- bellion. Butin January our brilliant little victory near Somerset, in Southern Kentucky, created a panic thoroughout the rebellious South, in- cluding South Carolina, which was ‘really as- tonishing. And why this wonderful panic over this incidental rebel, rout down “among the woods of Southern Kentucky? The rebels un- derstood it at once; for in looking at our armed forces of seven hundred thousand men, which by Iand and sea, had meantime been drawn around Secessia, every intelligent Southern man saw in this little affair nearj Somerset the first blow of a systematic Union campaign, the breaking*of the defensive line of the rebellion, and the beginning of the end. The general campaign thus actively begun has been follow- ed up by such a succession of positive victories by land and sea, that within lesa than two months of this systematic warfare we have de- stroyed the prestige, the plans, the defences, the boundaries and the hopes of Jeff. Davis and his Southern confederacy. Our rebellious States had been armed by the doings of Mr. Buchanan’s Cabinet traitors in their appointed work of disarming the government before this rebellion broke out. At the bombardment of Fort Sum- tes there were probably not less than one hundred thousand Southern rebels armed and equipped for war, against an avail- able United States army of less than five thou” sand men. For immediate fighting, therefore, the. rebels had the great advantage over us of deliberate preparation and organization, against ® government betrayed, disarmed and so de- plorably unprepared as to be incapable of de- fending our national capital against a revolu- tionary raid of ten thousand men. Surrounded, ae he was in the outset, by traitors in every de- partment, with the regular army broken up by rebellious defections, resignations and capitula_ tions, with a skeleton navy scattered all over the world, and with the Treasury reduced by treason to bankruptcy, the one month's grace allowed to President Lincoln by the rebel leaders to organize his administra- tion was the salvation of the country. The rebels, with their warlike preparations, be. lieved they were strong enough to frighten the new administration into a satisfactory treaty of peace; and strong enough, in any event, with the aid of “King Cotton,” to Sight out their Southern independence, or this one month's grace would never have been granted. Impatient at length of Lincoln's delay in re- ceiving the Montgomery ambassadors, the im- perious Jeff. Davis and his confederates resolved upon war; and Fort Sumter was bombarded in order to bring Virginia and the other border slave States to the direct test of a Northeru or Southern confederacy. Thus, by the terrorism of an armed mob, North Carolina, Virginia, Tennessce and Arkansas were secured to the rebellion; Missouri and Kentucky were made the battle ground, and Maryland was saved from the abyss of secession only by the season- able presence of an overwhelming wilitary force. Thus the border slave States have been made to feed the rebel armies, and under the hope that, by December next, England, famish- ing for cotton, would come to the rescue. In this brief review of the leading events of this war, the necessity for a great and comprehen- sive campaign by land and sea, on the part of the government, will be fully understood, as well as the utter uselessness of an irre- gular and disconnected system of war- fare. Hence the time expended in organizing, equipping, building and fitting out our immense cordon of fleets and armies; and hence, with this preparatory work com- pleted, the decisive results of our advance upon the strongholds of the rebellion in every quarter. Captain Wilkes, meantime, in the Trent af- fair, has hurried up a definite settlement with England, which has put an end to all the hopes of Jeff. Davis of European intervention. But, notwithstanding this settlement, we have been tanght by this rebellion the exact value of British negro philanthropy, and which of the great Powers of Europe are our friends and which are our enemies, wailing for an opportu- nity to assail or to serve us. The enlightened, sagacious and powerful Emperor of Russia was as prompt with his assurances of sympathy for our Union cause as were Lord Palmerston and Yarl Russell with their proclamation of “bel. ligerent rights” to a band of lawless insurgents, We are also assured by the Ozar of the im- portance of our Union asa balance of power in Earope; aud hence the symptoms which we discover of am early rupture of the Anglo- Franco-Spanish coaljtion against the indepen- dence of Mexico. With the suppression of this rebellion, which must now be admitted even by my Lord Dorby to be close at hand, we shall have a tried and disciplined army of nearly a million of men, ready at a moment’s warning for an onward march to Mexico. Lord Palmerston and Louis Napoleon, we suspect, are beginning to count the chances of sucha movement, and to doubt the expediency of paying Austria for Venetia with the stolen Mexican republic. It is quite possible, too, that, if this scheme be not soon abandoned, it may be spoiled by the retreating armies of Jeff. Davis, some portions of which will be apt to push on,as a last resort for Southern independence, into the Mexican States. To stim up our argument into o single sen- tence, the delays essential to oug preparations | for a grand overwhelming campaign against this rebellion are a inatter of coygratulation, tlie “and invinel in view of the splendid re altaine gas an tall 68 al hor Europesn ¢ onapire valitions Our New Iron-Clad Navy. We published yesterday the gratifying intelli- gence, by telegraphic despatch from Washing- ton, that Seaator Hale, as Chairman of the Senate Committee on Naval Affairs, reported a bill providing for the construction, of a steam ram of five or six thousand tons burthen, at the cost of a million of dol- lars, and also appropriating $13,000,000 for the construction of iron-clad gunboats; $783,000 for the completion of Stevens’ bat- tery, and $500,000 for extending the facilities of the Washington Navy Yard, so as to roll and forge plates for the armored ships. For this promptitude, and for this liberal and wise provision to meet the exigencies of the war, Senator Hale and the other members of the Naval Committee deserve great crodit. The measure is on @ scale commensurate with the stake at issue and the necessities of the case. There is one grand, practical result from the present war which could not have been attained for the republic under any other cir- cumstances, and that is an iron-clad, invincible navy, the greatest in the world, and befitting a commercial and maritime Power now second to none, and ere long to be far ahead of all nations. Heretofore the jealousy or indiffer- ence of the Western States would never por- mit the development of our naval strength, because they were not themselves immediately concerned. But the rebellion, and the danger of a war with England which we narrow- ly escaped, have brought the matter home to every loyal State as a question of the most vital interest to all. The success of our gun- boats on the Tennessee, and the late naval bat- tles in Hampton Roads, have awakened Con- gress, the administration and the whole country to the practical importance of the new inven- tion of iron armor for ships, which inaugurated a revolution in naval warfare which has been fully consammated at the mouth of the James river. Hitherto such vessels had been little more than a theory—an experiment in the course of development. The first practical test isin American waters and by American vessels constructed by the genius of American mechanics. Their immense success will startle all Europe, and compel the maritime Powers to abandon their detenceless “wooden walls” and seek for safety behind impregnable bulwarksof iron. This will add vastly to their public bur- thens, for it involves not only the construction of new navies, but an entirely different system of fortifications. . Thus the world moves, It is a grand point to have the start in these engines of destruction, and America will have gained that point over every Power of Europe. In the event of a war between two maritime Powers, that nation which has the most and best iron-clad vessels first at sea will be able to maintain the superiority to the end; for not only can she destroy or capture all the mere wooden war vessels of her enemy, but prevent the construction of iron-clad craft by entering her porta and burning her navy yards, with the ships on the stocks. No coast fortifications now built can keep such vessels ont of an enemy's harbors. They can be easily demolished or rendered untenable, and seaboard cities will be at the mercy of iron-clad frigates. How do the Powers of Europe and the United States relatively stand in regard to such vessels? The following table will show what has been done and ia now in progress in Europe:— England is building. France... Spain.. Austria... Total......... Perret eerree eer eter ery eeeeerees 36 Of the English, according to the recent statement of Lord Paget, six are to be of the same model as the Monitor, baving a turret and two guns. The Warrior and Black Prince, al” ready completed, are each upwards of 5,000 tons burthen. In addition to her other guns the Warrior carries one which throws a projec- tile of 450 pounds weight. This vessei is shown. hy her trial trip to Lisbon, in smooth water, to be in some respects a failure. The iron-clad ram, the Defence—of whose performances on her trial trip an account is given in another column— appears to be more seaworthy, but « clumsy structure, though it is stated she made eleven knots an hour. Her burthen is 3,660 tons. The French iron-plated frigate Gloire is the first ever built, and a few others have been finished by order of Napoleon, which are regarded as an improvement on her; but what is done in this respect is kept as secret as possible, while the Emperor gets all the information he ean of English experiments and of our own—as, for ex- ample, throngh his Minister, M. Mercier, in re. lation to the Stevens battery. The United States have the following already built, contracted for and proposed:— The Monitor... hannah py 1 The Galena, built at Mys' . 1 The powerful vessel at Philade!phi 1 The Adirondack. eee 1 The Stevens battery me | The Naugatuck, built by Stever Pees lron-clad gunboats ordered by Congress....... .20 Jron-clad frigates, recommended by Senate Na- val Committee... tole coWee veceese cD The iron ram, do 5 ob eb ol Gunboats ordered by Massachusetts. . 2 New York State will probably add one or two more; thas making a naval force of fifty iron- clad gunboats—greatly exceeding the combined iron-plated vessels of all Europe, and able to | whip the navies of the world. In the foregoing list we have not included our iron-plated gun- boats on the inland waters of the West. We have only enumeraied those on the Atlantic seaboard. As yet we have only one—the Monitor—ready for action. She has already given @ good account of herself. The Galena, built at Mystic, Conn., and now being finished at Greenpoint, in this port, will be prepared to do baitle in about a fortnight. The formidable boat at the Philadelphia Navy Yard will also soon be ready, and it will not take ve.y long to clothe with iron armor the new sloop-of-war Adirondack, now at the Brooklyn Navy Yard. The Naugatuck—a present to the government by Mr. Stevens—is not completed, but ought to he takon in hand by the Navy Department immediately, and sent to Fortress Monroe, She is a small but staunch frog gon. boat—a miniature of Mr. Stevens’ leviathan floating battery. Her speed is ten knots an hour. She can carry coal for twelve days, and her armament is a single one-hundred-pounder | Parrott gun—-the most formidable rifled cannon in the world. Like the Monitor, she can be sunk at will nearly to the top of her deck thus presenting only a marrow stripe to the From the small aurface she ex- , she could e | enemy's shots. | pow ee se ht and deliver her te effect, in a dark Ae | missile with to The Stevens and | battery can throw a greater weight of metal | thou! gu an Ovteail any | ¢ | then anything afloat, and sho ¥ steal up to a hostile veg. war veseel in the world. It will only take two or three months to finish her. When to these is added the swift ram of far greater weight and power than the English De- fence, and the forty gunboats and frigates all iron-clad, no navy in the world can resist such @ force. Not a moment ought to be lost in pre- paring them for action. Questions have been vaised as to the best form of iron armor— whether a single heavy plate or a number of thin plates laid over each other. But the main point is despatch, and either kind may be used, or both, with advantage. The question is not which would be preferable, if we were not now engaged in war, and had leisure to deter- mine and provide the most approved armor, but todo the best in the present emergency that our circumstances allow. The experience of each veasel engaged in actual battle will be sufficient for the improvement of those not yet finished. Soon shall we have an armada which will sweep the seas and be able to lay in ruins all the seacoast fortresses known to modern science. European Intervention in America—Its Serious and Humorous Aspects. The author of “The Comic History of Eng- land” died too soon for the completion of his literary labors. If he had survived the Ame- rican rebeRion he might have added to that eccentric work the most amusing and mirth provoking of its chapters. When we review the conduct of the English government and press since the fall of Sumter in April last, we are led to ask ourselves whether the waggish spirit of Mr. Gilbert A. Beckett has not been travestying the whole his- tory of this eventful period. Surely never did any retrospect ofa people's sayings or doings partake more of the character of burlesque. The French cut queer capers during the frenzy of their first revolutionary mania; but the worst of their antics were not to be compared to the jubilant saturnalia with which English aristo- crats, tory journalists and Lancashire cotton spinners celebrated the, to them, certain de- struction of our republican institutions. Not content with this, they set in motion all the con- trivancea by which a speedier impetus might be given to our approaching downfall. The very men who had for years been waking the echoes of Exeter Hall with their abolition sentiments went about speechifying to the English opera- tives on the advantages they would derive from the disruption of the great American con- federacy and the recognition of the new slave Power; leading members of Parliament were bribed to the advocacy of similar views by promises of large interests in new steam lines and other commercial enterprises to be started as soon as the rebel confederacy made good its independence; and, to render suc- cose more ce! . the leading organ of English opinion, the Lowdon Times, was subsidized by Southern gold, as a recompense for the en- croachments made on its circulation and adver- tising business by the penny press—a fact to which we owe the presence amongst us of that Cassandra in breeches, Dr. Bull Run Russell. Up to the time of our disastrous defeat at Manassas we received at the hands of our Eng- lish contemporaries merely misrepresentation and abuse. Then came the worst feature of all. No sooner did the magnanimous British Lion see us fairly on our backs, and apparently hetp- less, than he took to bullying us. And how he did strut and ewell and talk big on the strength of our supposed feebleness. With the army which we had been collecting with so much difficulty routed, and our capital in im- minent danger of capture, it wassafe to expend upon us the full measure of hisinsolence. Dic- tation as to what we should do to accommodate British views and British interests waa now but astep. To the Henatp belongs the credit of being the first to detect the true purpose of these blus- tering demonstrations. If the nation had exhibit- ed any evidences of fear it would have been lost in the estimation of all the other European Powers. Whilst, therefore, our craven hearted abolition contemporaries who had brought the storm upon us were shivering and cowering before it, we hurled back defiance in the teeth of the hireling bullies of the English press. It was well tha! we did so. It proved to the world that our domestic dissensions had not weak- ened the national spirit, and that we were ready to encounter any odds, no matter how great, in defence of our rights. Hence the gene- ral apprehension that the Trent efair would lead to a war with Great Britain—a fear which agitated that country to its very core, and which rendered it but too glad to renounce its aggressive attitude for one more suited to its professed position of neutrality. Considering how suddenly all this was done, and how much like to sucking doves our recently bitter assailants of the Eng- lish press bave become, it is natural that a good deal of surprise should be ex at the remarkably shifting character of English opinion and feeling. When the Prince of Wales was here, we were John Bull’s “very good cousins: when the rebellion broke ont we were the scum of the earth, and the Southern chivalry the sali. Hey, presto! the cards are again changed. Now the cold shoulder is given to secessionism, and Mason and Slidell are no better than a couple of niggers. Does not all this partake of the broad character of a farce? Tt has unquestionably converted the scorn that Snglish journalists so freely lavished upon us into contemptuous ridicule against themselves. It has done more. It hagas effectually killed the hopes and expectations of the rebels abroad as if the old flag had been already re-established aver every portion of Southern territory. Earopean intervention in Mexico is not likely to prove any more fortunate or dignified frustrated in our own case, It was catered into in bad faith between the contracting parties, anything but failure. The melodramatic Don, the moreurial Frenchman and tho arrogant, supercilious Englishman are alt excellent ma- terials for another political comedy, and we ere mach wietaken of this Mexican potpourri does not render them the langbing stocks of the world. England ond France, we fancy, are boginuing to be sensible to the absurdity and inconvenience of the posi- tion in which they have been placed by their Spanish ally. This is probably the ex- planation of the convention just entered into } with Doblado, and which would argue a dispo- sition on their part to adjust amicably with the M government the pointe of difficulty | betweenthem. Be th mont that th obey. no arrange. throne of M in its achievernents than the beginnings thus | and it would be wonderful if it were to end ia | Suppose that when the rebellion is ernshed Mexico should make an appeal to us for as- sistance to drive the invader from her soll. Are we, smarting under the sense of the un- generous advantage taken of our present posi- tion by these governments, to turn a deaf ear toher? Certainly not. Our policy, our tradi- tions, our future, would all impel us to hasten to her aid. That we should be in a position to render it effectual no one can doubt. We shall have nearly @ million of men in arms at the close of the war. Of there 200,000 would be sufficient to drive the foreigner from Mexico, whilst with the remainder we could sweep every trace of English and Spanish domination from the British North American provinces, the West Indies and Cubs. These are not the only considerations that may operate to prevent the three governments from persevering in the absurd project attributed to them. There are embarked in American securities about eleven hundred ‘and fifty millions of dollars belonging to their subjects. Of this the English own $900,000,000, the ‘French $200,000,000, and’ the Spantards $50,000,000. All this would be sacrificed in the event of their embarking in a war against us, which they would be compelled todo were we to aid {n disturbing the prince whom they propose to placeon the Mexican throne. These facts, rendered still more impressive by the near prospeot of the supprossion of the South- ern rebellion, will, we think, dispose the three Powers to listen favorably to the propositions of President Juarez. Let not the public mind, therefore, be unprepared for another backing down of the Allies on the Mexican question. Political burlesques are the order of the day, and we must not be surprised if Mexico, which bas furnished so many comic episodes to history, should this time wind up her embarrassments with s roaring farce. The Complications in Europe. While we are at war Europe can hardly be said to be at peace. Already a violent insur- rection has broken out in Greece, and we can- not close our ears to the hoarse murmurs of discontent which come to us from Russia, and Hungary, and Venetia and elsewhere, nor can we ignore the sounds of factional strife to be heard in the now Italian kingdom, in Spain, and even in France. Everything there betokens a stormy time. The discordant elements compos- ing Russia and Austria are rising to rebel, and are only controlled by the sword, while even now there is danger of the work of Garibaldi and Cavour being undone by Italian reaction- ists. In Spain a stro revolutionary party is plotting to dethrone Queen Isabella, in order to raise Don Juan de Bourbon to power, and it re- quires only # spark to light the flame of rebel- Non. In France the Roman question will hard- ly be settied without a atruggle, and that the feelings of the church party run high the re- cent fiery debates in the French Senate have amply testified. On the whole, there is every prospect that the European Powers will soon have enough to do at home without interforing in the affairs of this continent. They have al- ready shown that they do not intend to moddie with the United States, but with regard to our. republican neighbors they are by no means #0 assuring. The scheme of intervention in Mextoo was designed by Spain to be extended to all the republics of South and Central America, with ‘a view to their subjection to Spanish dominion; and when she succeeded in getting England and France to join her in the coalition she consider- ed her plans as good as accomplished. She looked forward to a future of more than her former glory, and regarded Mexico as already within her grasp. She had no suspicions that Louis Napoleon had designs of his own upon Mexico when ho became a party to the treaty, and therefore ehe waa, disappointed when it transpired that he had; and now she is uttering loud complaints against him, and declares her- self opposed to the project of placing an Aus- trian Archduke on the throne of Mexico. Fingland stands midway between the two, aad sees no objection to Maximilian becoming King, provided the Mexic.ns themselves are willing to receive him. Thus the three parties to the intervention stand mutually suspicious of and an- tagonistic to each other, and that they will wran- gle for a considerable time over the unhappy realms of Montezuma there is every reason to suppose. Meanwhile the war in the United States will be terminated and the troubles now brewing in Europe will come to ahead. With distrac- tion aud difficulties at home the Powers in ques- tion will require to employ their forces and resources in another ficld than America; while the United States, with an army of over half a million of men and a powerful navy, fresh from the triumphs of a victorious war, will have a voice in the question of European intervention. Republicanism will have then emerged from its most trying ordeal, and by virtue of our sup- pression of this rebellion have gained new strength and prestige. Monarchical institu- tions will be put on trial, and if they stand the test as well as we have done, it will be well for the monarchs of the world. The final result of a general struggle between republicanism and European dominion on this continent would be that every vestige of foreign power In American waters would be swept away for ever, and monarchy itself would receive a blow | from which it would be slow to recover. If, in view of the dangers at home, the Powers con- cerned should be wise enough to withdraw from the intervention before they have gona too far, they will eseape those disasiers which | will otherwise inevitably overtake them. Accident on the Madson River R POUR SOLDIERS REPORTED KILLED AND WOUNDED, A.waxy, March 16, 186%. An accident occurred to-day on the Hudson River Rail- Tivoli, to the special train chartered to take ¢ Ninety-fourth regiment, TRo report here is that one of the cars was thrown jato the river,and that four privates were killed and fifteea wounded. Nowe of the officers were hurt. Ss od Bishop Whittin: m, of Maryland, Bartwore, March 15, 1862. Bishop Whittingham, of the Irotestant Kpisoopat church of Maryland and the District of Columbia, has transmitted to all the clorgymen of that eburch fo bis parochial eharge, and in the District of Columbia, for tae on all ocemsions of public worship, within eight days of the Sunday following the rocoipt of bis prayer of thanksgiving for (t Vional arms, FIVTERN Markets. PHILADELPHIA STOCK BOARD. wiLapRermia, Maren 15, 1962. Stocks steady. Povasy)vania State 68, 844, Roading Wj; Morris Cane! 41; Tong latand Railroad, ivanin Raliroad, 4635 Sight 6xcheugs ou New at 430. 4 Bio. o Mloady. ne Whakeg Aree et rm at 890