The New York Herald Newspaper, January 26, 1862, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS, Volume XXVII.. AMUSEMENTS TO-MORROW EVENING. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—King Hany IV, WINTER GARDEN, Broadway.—Natap Qurun—Toonirs, WALLACK’S THEATRE, No. 844 Broadway.—Swx Stoors TO Loma LAURA KEENE’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Our Awsn:- can Cousin NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Sevan Escares— FOX WOukind wx Bonieach—corio. BOWERY THEAT! M am "RE, Bowery.—Sticuner'’s Nationa, BARNUM’S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway.—I Evening. —Onpiva—Hirrorotaaus, WRALR, ano cm oe BRYANTS’ MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, road- way.—Wuo Stavck BiLLy Partenson. “FP HOOLEY'S MINSTRELS, Stuyvesan Broadway.—Emuioriax Soman, Dances, batt No 699 MELODEON CONCERT HALL, No. 589 Broadway.— Songs, Dances, Bunixsqus, 40.—Howipay ix Laxian 4 CANTERBURY MUSIC HALL, 585 Broadway.—Son Danous, Buuxsgues, £0.—Nigur's ApventuREss GATETIES CONCERT ROOM, 616 Broadway.—Daawina Room Ewranrannwants, Balers, Pavrouinns, Facus, 40. AMERICAN MUSIC HALL, 444 Broadway.—Sonas, Bau. \xrs, Panromimns, 20.—!onrRarr arnres. CRYSTAL PALACE CONCERT HALLANo, 45 Bowery.— Buaesquzs, Soxcs, Daxcxs, —BRIGAND's OaTH. os PARISIAN CABINET OF WOND Broad: ~ Open daily trom 10 MUST Me 8S Broadway. NOVELTY MUSIC HA! 616 Broadway. —) Sonos. Daxons, ao) Abs 616 “iii tania New York, Sunday, January 26, 1862. THE SITUATION. The non-receipt of official inteNigence from the Burnside expedition inspires those parties at Washington best acquainted with its objects with the fullest hopes of its safety and success. The Assistant Secretary of the Navy—Mr. Fox—ex- presses the opinion that the expedition hasere this struck a decisive blow at a point which, with the advance of General Buell into Tennessee, will cut off all communication with Virginia and the rebel States south of it. General McClellan is also satis- fied that the fleet is safe, because, on the principle that bad news travels fast, it is presumed that if any failure had occurred we should have known it long ago. No movements are reported in the Army of the Potomac, but the sanitary reports are of the most satisfactory character. The amount of sickness existing among the men does not exceed that of any other commanity comprised of the same num- ber. Although the weather is very inclement the hospital retuens do not show any considerable in- crease of patients. Owing to the heavy storm the boat from Old Point did not arrive at Baltimore yesterday; hence we have no later news from Fortress Monroe. In relation tothe Ite seizure of Cedar Keys, Flo- Tida, by our troops, which gives us command of the Florida Raitroad from the Keys to Fernandina, and establishes a strong point of occupation for our army, we give to-day a map of Florida, which will enable our readers to comprehend the advantage of holimg such a position. Our map will also show the area enclosed in the new military depart- ment of Key West, which includes that place, the Tortugas and the mainland as far as Apalachicola on the west coast, and Cape Canaveral on the east coast, now placed under command of Briga- dier General J. M. Brannan, of whom we also pub- lish a sketch. General Halleck has issued an important order from his headquarters at St. Louis with reference to the refusal of certain secessionists to pay their assessments for the support of oppressed fugitives, én compliance with a previous order. The recent order was called forth in the case of Mr. Engler, a merchant, whose goods had been seized under exe- cution to satisfy the assessment. Mr. Engler had a writ of replevin served on the Provost Marshal, whereupon he and his attorney were arrested and conveyed temporarily to a military prison by com- mand of General Haileck. A special order was at once issued by the General, directing the Pro- vost Marshal General to send Mr. Engler beyond the lines of the Department of Missouri, and to notify him not to return without permission from the Commanding General, under the penalty of being punished according to the laws of war. General Halleck takes this view of this and all similar cases, and firmly announces that, martial law having been declared in St. Louis by authority of the President of the United States, he notifies all the civil authorities, of whatever name or office: that any attempt on their part to inter- fere with the execution of any order from headquarters, or impede, molest or trouble any officer duly appointed to carry such order into effect, will be regarded as a military offence, and punished accordingly. He orders that the Provost Marshal General shall arrest each and every person, of whatever rank or office, who attempts in any way to prevent or interfere with the execution of any order issued from his headquarters, and he in- structs that functionary to call upon the command- ing officer of the Department of St. Louis for any military assistance he may require. This is buta strict interpretation of martial law. Our news from the Southern States to-day is interesting. The Richmond Ezaméiner of the 23d inst. has a long editorial on the manufacturing interests of the South. It sets forth a bold statement of the need of the rebels for materials used in manufac- tures, which they have not, and can only get from Europe. To secure these materials, used in the arts, it proposes the organization of a grand go- vernmental smuggling association, with a capital of fifty millions, to be invested in goods purchased in Europe, and to be sent South in vessels which are to run the federal blockade. It thinks that if one-half of the vessels thus employed should be captured, still the enterprise would pay one hun- dred per cent profit. The Richmond Zraminer says that Governor Letcher made a beast of himself one day last week, in going into the House of Delegates in a drunken condition, with a segar in his mouth, making him- self a spectacle for the whole house and a butt for the jokes of the gallery. The Legislature of South Carolina has passed an act authorizing a loan of one million of dollars to rebuild the burnt district of Charleston. The loss ‘was ten millions. The New Orleans Delta of the 11th inst. says ay | that all the towns on the lake coast are being @- | | serted, and the inhabitants, with their negro slaves, are moving into the interior. A telegraphic despatch to the Richmond Dis- patch, dated Charleston, S. C., Jan. 22, states that twenty federal vessels were seen that day of Charleston bar. The federals were busy stripping the rigging from the hulks, evidently intending to sink more stone-laden vessels. ‘The Burnside expedition is exercising the minds of the rebels toa fearful extent. Their newspa- pers pretend, however, to ridicule the whole af- fair; but now and then they express their appre- hensions of the operations of the expedition on the North Carolina coast, We publish in to-day’s Henaxp some interesting articles from the rebel newspapers on the subject. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. The steamship North Star, from Aspinwall 15th inst., with the Pacific mails, passengers and $602,767 in treasure from California, arrived at this port last evening. She brings also interest- ing news from the United States of Columbia and the South American republics, full details of which may be found in the letters of our corre- spondepts, published in another part of to-day’s paper. In our State Senate yesterday, petitions were presented in favor of half of Bellevue Hospi- tal being appropriated to the practice of homeo- pathic physicians; for the incorporation of the State Homeopathic Society, and for the regulation of places of amusement in this city. <A bill was introduced to prevent the sale of swill milk. A private bill for the payment of canal damages was discussed. A good portion of the day was occu- pied in debating the bill relative to unauthorized banking. It received various amendments, and was ordered to a third reading. The Senate ad- journed toseven P. M. on Monday. In the Assem- bly the bill to repeal the act authorizing the publi- cation of legal notices was reported upon favora- bly by the Ways and Means Committee; but their report was laid on the table. Among the bills introduced, the New York and Brooklyn Passenger and Baggage Express again made its appearance, it having been already rejected by the Judiciary Committee. After some discussion it was referred to the Cities Committee, Bills were also introduced to regu- late the office of the Clerk of New York county; to punish frauds on laborers; to authorize justices of the peace to act as coroners; to incorporate the Firemen’s Savings Institution, and for the in- corporation of academical and juvenile reforma- tory institutions. A communication was received from the Governor in regard to volunteers honor- ably discharged after medical examination. A lengthy debate was indulged in over a resolution adding butter and cheese to the volunteers’ rations, and it was finally adopted. The concurrent reso- lution already adopted by the Senate, assuming, on the part of the State, its quota of all national taxes, and requesting Congress to pass a law im- posing similar assumption on all the States, was adopted. The bill enabling the Kings county Su- Ppervisors to raise money for the volunteers’ fami- lies was moved forward to the first Committee of the Whole. The Assembly adjourned to eleven A. M. on Monday. Thirty years ago, when Andrew Jackson was President of the United States, the fathers of the getters up of the present unholy rebellion inaugu- rated the work in South Carolina of destroying the Union. They were permitted to go on in their outrageous attempts to disturb the peace end quiet of the country until the 11th of December, 1832, when Old Hickory discharged a bombshell from the White House at Washington, in the shape of a proclamation, which landed in the centre of the city of Charleston, where it exploded, and so frightened the conspirators that they did not re- cover from their fear until twenty-cight years lad elapsed, when they and their offapring ogain com- menced their rebellious operations, which, through the imbecility of the President then in power, they had been enabled to work up into formidable pro- portions. The nullifiers of South Carolina in 1832 had the whole framework for a Southern confede- racy cut, hewed, fitted and ready to put together; and, if Gen. Jackson had not destroyed it, a few months would have sufficed to have given the fabric proper proportions. As an evidence of this fact we give below the names of the President, Vice President and members of the Cabinet that had been selected for the formation of a provi- sional government: Secretary of State—George McDuffie. Secretary of the Treasury—Thomas Cooper. Secretary of War—James Hamilton, Jr. Secretary of the Navy—H. L. Pinckney. Postmaster General—Robert Turnbull. Attorney General—Robert G. Hdyne. The Southern confederacy was to have been in- augurated, and the above named gentlemen duly installed in their respective offices by a South Caro. lina Convention, which had been called to meet on the first day of March, 1833; but President Jackson spoiled their fun, as before stated, in the month of December previous. Since the breaking ont of the rebellion the Southern confederacy have lost the following named rebel generals :— Maj. Gen. David E. Twiggs, resigned. Brig. Gen. Henry B. Jackson, resigned. Brig. Gen. Robert S. Garnett, killed. Brig. Gen. W. H. T. Walker, resigned. ig. Gen. Barnard E. Bee, kille Gen. Gideon J. Pillow, resigned. . Thomas T. Fauntleroy, resigned. ig. . John B, Grayson, died. Brig. Gen. Felix K. Zollicoffer, killed. Brig. Gen. Philip St. George Cocke, committed suicide. The following is the letter upon which Hon. Jesse D. Bright, United States Senator from Indiana, is arraigned for treason before the Senate, and on which is based the resolution for his expulsion:— Wasminatoy, March 1, 1861. Mr Dear Sin—Allow me to introduce to your acquamt- ance my friend Thomas B. Lincoln, of Texas. He visits ital mainly to dispose of what be regards a great ment in firearms. I recommend him to your favorable consideration as @ gentleman of the first re- spectability, aud reliable in every respect. Very truly yours, ESSE D. BRIGHT. To his Excellency Jnrrensoy Davis, President of the Confederation of States. ‘BThe St. Joseph (Missouri) Journal says it can produce fifty witnesses to prove that the two reso- lutions that were quoted in the Senate's proceed- ings on Friday, 17th inst., were in the handwriting of Senator Robert Wilson. The Provost Marshal of St. Louis has seized a wagon load of candles, belonging to Saul Engles, to cover the assessment of four hundred and fifty dollars which had been levied upon him as a seces- sionist for the benefit of the Union refugees. Dr. Steele, a son-in-law of the Rey. Robert J. Breckinridge, of Kentucky, was arrested last week while on @ mission as rebel despatch bearer, and is now a prisoner at Lexington, Ky. A Massachusetts firm has a contract for making three thonsand pairs of shoes for the contrabands at Fortress Monroe. The sizes for men generally range between eleven and sixteen, but the brogans for the contrabands are ordered to be of sizes be- tween sixteen and twenty. The Quebec papers say the volunteer militia of that city are subject to ridicule and insulting re- marks as they pass through the streets. Hang the scoffers, by all means. In answer to a despatch from the War Depart- ment, asking how many troops can be in readiness in two weeks, the Governor of Maine says he has three full regiments of infantry, one regiment of cavalry and five Latteries of artiliery, that can be ready to march in forty-eight hours The storm that set in on Friday evening con tinved throughout members of the Philadelphia Skating Club from sUDR OONALD, giving the New Yorkers am evidence of their re- puted skill. This is the more annoying as several of the gentlemen paid New York a visit last winter with @ like result. We can only hepe that if they should be unable to stay in the eity until fair weather they may be more fortunate on the next fr | occasion. Skating was resumed on Friday with its usual | vigor. The wind was high during the day, and | blew from the northeast, and at a quarter to nine o'clock in the evening brought a storm of rain, hail and sleet, which completely cleared the pond of skaters without the assistance of the police. The number of visiters to the ice during Friday was about 25,000. Messrs. Clark and Bent, the new contractors for lighting the skating grounds, have succeeded in locating four calcium lights in | such positions as to light up the whole of the upper pond from the Terrace to the Oak Bridge, making the intervening space as light as day. ‘The sales of cotton yesterday embraced about 300 bales, all to spinners, and in small lots, on the basis of 3c. per lb, Some chance lots were reported undor and others above this figure. Large holders were still hold- ing off. Flour was firmly held for most grades, while ‘sales were quite limited and prices unchanged. Wheat was firmer for good to prime qualities, while sales were made to a moderate extent. The inclemency of the ‘weather, combined with a desire for details of European news, tended to check sales. Corn was quite firm, with sales of Western mixed at 65c. a 66c. in store and deli- vered. Pork was firmer, with sales of new mess at $12 50 | $12 75, and new prime at $9 60. Sugars were steady, while the sales embraced 417 hhds. and 270 boxes, at unchanged prices. Coffee was quiet and sales limited to some 600 bags Rio. Freights were rather firmer for sterday, and prevented the | English ports, with a fair amount of engagements. The prevailing stormy and inclement weather interfered more or leas with business transactions gonerally, especially with outdoor operations. ‘The Condition of the South—The Transi- tion Period of the Rebellion. The hopes of Jeff. Davis and the glory of his Southern confederacy have departed. That confederacy, which, in the outset, like Tittlebat Titmouse, promised everything to everybody, has passed its meridian, and is now in the melancholy condition of poor Micawber, waiting for “something to turn up.” The suggestive facts and the blunt confessions, the sad com- plaints and the desperate expedients of resist- ance which we continue to publish from South- ern newspapers that find their way to this office, present, indeed, a very gloomy prospect to the Spurious Southern despotism set up at Rich- mond. Thus, within the last ten days we have learn_ ed that the Burnside expedition throughout the South has created a greater panic than did Du- pont’s terrible bombardment and capture of the rebel forte at Port Royal, and General Sherman's eccupation of the “sacred soil” of South Carolina ; that the rebel authorities at Richmond are extremely perplexed what to do and where to go to repel this Burnside invasion ; that they believe it contemplates the occu- pation of ene or two of the great railway arte- ties which connect Virginia with North Carolina and the cotton States, but that Beauregard can- not conveniently come to the rescue, because he is “held as in a vice on the Potomac by McClel_ lan.” From the same Southern rebel sources of information it appears that the French resi- dents of New Orleans, after waiting for the raising of Lineoln’s blockade till their patience and their hopes have been ex- hausted, have determined in a body to evacuate that unfortunate city; that from Newbern, in North Carolina, to Galveston, in Texas, every seaboard Southern town and city is under the alarming anticipation of a federal attack at any hour of the day or the night ; that “traitors” to the rebel cause are be- ginning to manifest their presence in various quarters ; and that from the peaceable settle- ment of the Trent affair, dissipating the hopes of English intervention, the premium of gold, which had declined, has returned to thirty, thir- ty-five and forty per cent, from Richmond to New Orleans. It does not appear that our Southern rebel organs have as yet been convinced of the de- feat and death of Zollicoffer; but the rebel Congress, meantime, as if expecting a succes, sion of military disasters, have passed a law in- terdicting their newspapers from the publica. tion of any war news except by special autho. rity. We apprehend, however, that this expe- dient for shutting out the light will not suc. ceed, but that very soon the rebel rout near Somerset, and some telling blows from Burn- side, will be known throughout every rebel camp from Manassas to Mobile, and in every town and hamlet of the South. It was only the other day that the Richmond Examiner, in a slashing philippic against the in- activity of the army of Beauregard, said that this inaction had cost the Confederate army the loss of ten thousand soldiers by the diseases of the camp. This declaration, under the very nose of Jeff. Davis, indicates a fearful mortality from sickness among the rebel troops, and it is fully confirmed by the reports of eye witnesses from their camps at Memphis, Nashville, Colum- bus and Bowling Green. Where medicines and hospital supplies are worth their weight ingold, and where the raw recruits of the South, badly clothed and exposed to all the inclemencies of a winter campaign, are added to the sick list by thousands, they must suffer a fearful mortality. In a great camp, under bad management, such diseases as dysentery and typhoid fever soon extend into malignant epidemics. At the rebel camps in Kentucky and Virginia these diseases have existed and still prevail to a fearful de- gree, while our troops, east and west, better supplied and cared for, are in a remarkably healthy condition, considering the unexampled inclemencies of this trying winter in the tented field. “Lincoln’s blockade,” which Jeff. Davis and his English sympathizing journals affect to re- gard asamere “paper blockade” and a farce, is anything but a farce to the suffering armed traitors and people of our rebellious States. With quinine in those States at a dollar an ounce, coffee at a dollar a pound, salt at five dollars a bushel, gun- powder at three dollars a pound, and coarse boots at twenty dollars a pair, we have the etrongest evidence that “Lincoln’s block- ade” is of itself fast reducing this rebel- lion to the last gasp of exhaustion. And when a leading rebel organ at Memphis flatly de- clares that Jeff. Davis is not the lord and mas- ter of the Southern people, it may be fairly assumed that they are getting tired of him. In regard to this blockade, some general idea of its pressure upon the rebels may be formed from the propositions of the Richmond Dis- patch, for a Southern commercial combination capable of risking twenty or even fifty millions of money in the purchase of European goods, andin vessels to bear these goods into the South against all the risks of the blockade; for, says the editor, if we lose one-fourth, or even one-half by captur compensate 1s 1 We think, how omely. ver, that the developement of DUNVAL, JANUAKY 1d the military programme of General McClellan wilt soon relieve the suffering people of the Sowth from the necessity of any such foolish ex- pedients. We are inclined to believe that the Burnside expedition will, im good time, smoke Beauregard out of his den at Manassas, and that then we shall have the practical developement of a great Southern popular reaction in favor of the Union, beginning with the restoration of the “Old Dominion” and North Carolina, and rapidly followed ap with the recovery of Ten- nessee and Arkansas, Itis said that England and France will most probably not indulge us in our Southern blockade beyond the limit of a year, dating from the fall of Fort Sumter. Be- fore that date, however, we expect that England and France, in every form, will cease-to recog- nise or sympathize with this over-mastered and broken down rebellion. We have the rebel , the amount run in will | armies so completely invested that whem our heavy blows begin to fall they cannot eseape. We shall, perhaps, be able to reopen the ports of the South to all the world on or befone the Ist of May. The Legislature and the Lobby. We gave, a few days ago, a most delectable exposition of the management of the Albany lobby, contained in the report made by the Dis- trict Attorney of the county of Albany of the evidence taken before the Grand Jury of that county against Frederick S. Littlejohn, upom an indictment “involving charges of corruption in and around the Legislature, and the expendituze of money to influence legislation.” For two days the members of the Legislature, under the lead of their honorable Speaker, have been en- deavoring to whitewash the lobby and clear it of the filth thrown upon it by this straightfor- ward report. The facts were olearly in evidence before the Grand Jury that Mr. Frederick S. Littlejohn, a brother of the ex-Speaker, was employed by committees of the Chamber of Commerce and trustees of the Dutch church to “effect the pas- sage of a bill preventing the removal of the New York Post Office” from its present loca- tion. Let the motive of the Chamber of Com- merce be what it may, it is sufficiently clear that the church trustees were pecuniarily interested in this bill, for the reason that the present site of the Post Office is the church edifice of which they have charge. With the appointment of lobby agent Mr. Littlejohn received the sum of ten or fifteen thousand dollars “to influence legislation.” This money he handed over to Mr. Wm. Baldwin, of Oswego, who deposited it in the New York State Bank, subject to his own or Littlejohn’s checks. The sinews of the lobby war were thus secured, and by the double agency of Littlejohn and Baldwin de- tection was made doubtful; for it could not be proven that Baldwin had anything to do with the bill; he “kept no memorandum,” and “gave no evidences” of his dealings with Littlejohn, and yet it was his checks with which Littlejohn paid his lobby employes. This nice little ar- rangement being made, the lobby business was commenced in earnest. It is clearly in evidence also that Mr. C.D. Easton, Sergeant-at-Arms of the Assembly, re- ceived a check for $25 upon Mr. Baldwin. He “does not know what the check was for;” but Mr. Sweetland gave it to him, and “said Mr. Littlejohn had sent it.” Mr. Silas H. Sweetland, of Troy, testifies that he “used his influence to a certain extent to effect the passage of the New York Post Office bill;” that he “received forty-five dollars for ten days’ work, from, he believes, Mr. F.S. Littlejohn,” and that, as part of his “work,” he “conversed with” several Senators “about the Post Office pill.” Mr. L. B. Sessions, a brother of a Sena- tor, deposed that he was a Clerk of the Senate; was “interested in the Post Office bill, and re- ceived money on its passage,” which money he “drew on a check given him by F. 8. Little- john.” Mr. Sessions “received $5,000,” which he “took as a matter of course,” but did not pay any money to members, though he “might have paid something to outsiders, but does not recol- lect.” Mr. George W. Bull swears that he was a reporter of the Commercial Advertiser; that he “was to receive compensstion” for “letting the Post Office bill alone” in his correspondence; that he “found in his hat a check for $250” after he had “let the bill alone,” and he “be. lieves that Mr. F.S. Littlejohn put the check in his hat.” Mr. ©. S. Underwood Journal Clerk of the House, gave evi- dence that he “received $175 from Mr, Littlejohn—$20 for printing, and the rest, he believed, was a present for getting the bill up tothe Senate and the Governor promptly;” and Mr. Underwood further significantly ex- plains that “some bills were read, during the last session, out of their order, without the knowledge of the House.” Finally, Mr. Abra. ham Van Vechten testifies that, as attorney and counsellor, he was “employed by Mr. F. S. Littlejohn on the New York Post Office bill, and charged $250 for his services,” but that he “never in his life paid any money, directly or indirectly, to any member of the Legislature to influence legislation.” Now, if these facts, sworn to before the Grand Jury, prove anything at all, they trace the mo- neys expended to “influence legislation” back to Mr. Littlejohn, and through him directly to the Chamber of Commerce and the trustees of the Dutch church; and they show how this mo- ney was used to employ men to “converse” with members to “let the bill alone,” and for other purposes “involving corruption in and around the Legislature.” Each of the witnesses, even to Mr. Littlejohn himself, had the privi- lege of telling his own story, of putting his case in the best possible light, and then of swearing to the facts, What, then, does the Legislature do with this evidence during two days’ debates? Why, whitewashing has never been so generally practised before since paint was invented. Mr. Pierce moved a resolution to refer the matter to the Committee on Elections and Privileges, “to give such parties as feel themselves ag- grieved in the matter a further hearing.” That is to say, all the persons implicated may tell their stories before the committee, and have the tales published, and then the matter will be squelched. Whitewash! Mr. Alvord makes a speech, declaring that he never received any money from Littlejohn for lobby services; but at the close of the session “Mr. Littlejohn said I had been useful to him during the session in a variety of ways, and begged my acceptance of $200.” More white- wash! Mr. Royal Phelps speaks as Vice Presi- dent of the Chamber of Commerce, and says that the Chamber, as a body, had nothing to do | with the Post Office bill. But the evidences | Mr Phelps—the evidencet Then Mr. Schole” field moved the previous question, to | shut off debate; but after more talk ing and more whitewashing the House | adjourned. The next day Mr. Pruyn defended Mr. Underwood, the Journal Clerk, and attacked Mr. Alvord ; and then Mr. Speaker Raymond came down from his seat and made an oration. He stated that the Chamber of Commerce, as a Chamber, and the Dutch chureh, as a charch, never lobbied, and suggested that “privileged ) persons”—tbat is, select members-of the leb- by—“be allowed to make explanations before legislative committees, and that all other inter- ference be prohibited!” This is sinsply legal- izing the lobby and putting its control into Speaker Raymond’s hands—which is, perhaps, just what he is after. So the Legislature and the lobby have be comeridentical. The lobbying Aldermen, the lobbying Fimes, the lobbying Chamber of Com- merce; the lobbying public printer, the lobby- ing West Washington and Gansevoort jobs, the lobby counsellors and the lobbying Dutch church, all have their representatives this year in the Senate or the Assembly ; and thus the Legislatuve, in whitewashing the lobby, is, im effect, whitewashing itself. The public has, therefore, little improvement to expeet “in. and around the Legislature.” The Prussian Note on the Trent Affair. Never, perhaps, in any international question,. was there such wonderful apparent unanimity as there is between the Powers of Europe in the ease of the psesent apprehended war between the United States and England. France: has spoken in favorof peace. Austria has spoken on the same side, and now Prussia has given utterance to her opinions. Austria is nota maritime Power, and has little interest in the question of rights of neutrals. Her interest lies on land, and she needs the aid of England to. preserve her national existence against the in- sidious approaches of Napoleon. Prussia has both a maritime interest and the same kind of interest as Austria. Tuesday we published the despatch of the | Prussian Minister of Foreign Affairs, in which he- deprecates the idea of war between the Ameri- ean republic and Great: Britain. He says, al- though England alone is immediately affected, “gtill one of the most important and generally recognized rights of meutrals is at the same time called in questiow.” And again: “Public opinion in Europe has pronounced itself with rare unanimity and in the most decided manner in favor of the injured party.” The letter con- cludes by expressing the King of Prussia’s de- sire “to advocate the cause of peace with Presi- dent Lincoln in the most emphatic manner,” in the hope that his Majesty may “contribute toa peaceable solution of a conflict out of which the greatest dangers may spring.” All this sup- poses that the American government ordered the capture of Mason and Slidell, and that it would probably hold them in spite of the recia. mations of England, er, what was of more im- portance to the United States, the consistency of our national record, always identified with the rights of neutrals. Prussia and the other Powers of Europe will be greatly surprised to find their apprehensions unfounded. America 48 true to her antecedents, and sacrificed a mere temporary advantage for the sake of her histo- Tical character. - All the continental Powers of Europe are naturally in favor of neutral rights, because they are all in antagonism to England, which always trampled down their rights as neu- trals, merely because she had the power. France is on the side of neutrals, and will rejoice that the United States has yielded the point; for otherwise the French government could be placed in a false position before the world—the enemy of her ancient friend and ally, in the interest of her old hereditary foe. The desire of the Emperor of the French is that the United States should go to war with Eng- land on some point that would keep him out of the complication. He desires war between the United States and England, but he does not wish to appear in the matter. It is known that even so far back as June last he proposed to England to recognise the independence of the Southern confederacy. England then refused, as for politic reasons she did not wish to take the lead. What is his motive in desiring war between the American and British governments’ Simply because such a conflict would enable him to carry out the Napoleonic ideas of con- quest in Europe. And why is Austria opposed to a war between America and England? Just for the same reason that Napoleon desires it, Austria would be blotted out of the map of Europe. Why does Prussia fear such a war? Because, in addition to her maritime interests, Prussia and all the German States would be humbled, and the Rhine would become the boundary of France. England would be so en- gaged on this side of the Atlantic that she would be powerless on the other side, and France would have everything her own way. This is the reason why Louis Napoleon has committed Spain and England to a war in Mexico; and if he could only find England em- barked, in addition, in a war with the United States, how delighted he would be. Then he would find some pretext for a war in Europe, and would say to the Allies, “I must leave you to take care of yourselves. More important in- terests imperatively summon the arms of France elsewhere.” Such is the programme of Napo- leon; and the only way in which these European schemes can be effectually baffled is to make quick and effectual work of the war for the Union. The Trib E Jamaica. The Tribune recently contained an editorial article in which it is attempted to show that the island of Jamaica has become a paradise in con- sequence of the emancipation of the slaves there. Thisis a specimen of the statements which that unscrupulous journal daily thrusts down the throats of its ignorant and fanatical readers. According to the testimony of all in- telligent and reliable tourists who have visited the island, including American abolitionists, the united testimony of British journals and British statesmen, Jamaica, from having been almost a paradise, has been turned into a waste, howling wilderness by emancipation. By the efforts of the fanatical Wilberforce, Clarkson, Buxton and others, that measure was carried in 1834, at a cost of $100,000,000 to the British nation. The statesmen yielded to the pressure because they calculated the example would be contagious in this country, and because they could the better carry out their schemes to break up our Union, in co-operation with abo- litionists of New England. What is the result? Jamaica is ruined, as the Southern States would be by the same process. Ina single year, that of 1852, the number of sugar estates abandoned was 199; coffee estates, 162; country seats, 520— neipation | making in all nearly 400,000 acres. Dr. King | describes the evidences of decay as “neglected | fields, crumbling houses, fragmentary fences and noiseless machinery,” and he says ‘he “rode for miles over fertile ground ‘used to be cultivated and is now lying, Whsw’”” Another writer, and” he an American abo- litionist, admitted, on bie visit to the island in 1850, that “her magnificent plantations of sugar and eoffee are running to+weeds,” “her inhabi- tants are miserably poer, and daily sinking” deeper and deeper into the’ utter helplessness of abject want.” Why is this? Because Cutlee will no@ work, but lies on his back im the sun, eating the natuval fruits. The Tribune boasts that the islam now im- ports considerably. We had'supposed that the exports of a nation were the best proofs of its prosperity and’ its usefulness: to the world. Jamaica, indeed, mow importes:for, though pro- ductive to a futulous extent, yet it imports most of the-necessaries of life: What does it export? The island now produces but 40,000 hogsheads of sugar annually, which is a falling off of move than fifty per cent since | emancipation, the’ number of hogshends in | 1834 being 84,756.. The same ruin has followed abolition in Hayti. In 1791, just before eman- | cipation and the bloody massacre; that island | exported 163,405,220 lbs. of sugar; in. 1822 the | exports were omy 652,541 Ibs. In1825 the value of the whole exports of. the: island had fallen off by a million of dollars from those of 1822, and im 1850 they were: only about half what they were in 1822. Now they are worth little ornothing, and the negroes are returning to Africam barbarism, while: Cuba, which retains the-system of slave labor, iain a highly prosperous condition. Here-are: stub- born facts, which/no fanatical cant can gainsay. If Greeley wants to get a true account. of the condition of Jamaica, let him read a works pub- lished in London two years ago, entitled “The West Indies and the Spanish Main, by Anthony Trollope,” and endorsed by the London Times a8 a trustworthy book. In an article comment- ing thereon, the Times arrives at the following conclusions, after a trial of twenty-seven years of emancipation:—“The negro is a lazy. animal, without any foresight, and therefore reqniring to be led and compelled. He is decidedly in- ferior, very little raised above a mere animal.” “He is void of self-reliance, and is the creature | of circumstances, scareely fitted to take-care of himself; has no care fer to-morrow; has-no de- | sire for property strong enough to induce him to labor; lives from hand to mouth. In Jamai- | ca emancipation has thrown enormous tracts of land out of cultivation, and on these the-negro squats, getting all that he wants with very little trouble, and sinking im the most resolute fashion back to the savagestate.” Can the South afford that four millions of negroes should.do this? Can the North afford itt Can the cinilized world afford it? Wes 4 Predictions and History Within.a Year. The country is making history every day im these troublous times. Since the summer of 1860 our nation has travelled over fifty years of experience. Every day since that time new and unexpected developements have: bewilder- ed the people, and no one could blame the most acute and wise of journalists if he were some- times at fault in his predictions of coming events. We have something to congratulate ourselves upon in the fact that the HeraLp has been so generally and so uniformly correct. For ourselves, we never have claimed to bea prophet or the son of a prophet, and if we have ever predicted future occurrences, it has been from the auguries of common sense and the teachings of history and experience, and not from any dealings with tripods or study of the art magic. Several of the rebel jourmals have given us credit for prophetic ken, how- ever, and then attempted to dis prove our predictions; and a day or two ago one of our city contempora- ries essayed to follow this treasonable exam- ple. It published a collection of extracts from the Heratp’s editorials during the months of November, 1860, and January, February and March, 1861, and it then gravely assured its readers that, prophet as we are, we were wrong in our anticipations, and that none of the events we predicted ever came to pass. So, it con- cludes, we are not a Saul among the tribe of soothsayers after all. Well, we certainly never claimed to be, and do not desire that oracular reputation any more than we do the fame of the “Little Villain” a3 aracer and a rebel. But see for a moment how our contemporary disproves its own trumped-up charges. What were the predictions we are ac” cused of hazarding? Why, that “one hundred thousand workmen would be thrown out of em- ployment” by the outbreaking of civil war. Were they not? And, if it had not been for the sources of employment, in and out of the army, which the war itself opened, would they not be out of employment now? We pre- dicted “mobs.” Were there not mobs in most of our principal cities and throughout the country? Did not mobs assail newspaper offices in New York, offices and private dwellings in Philadelphia, peace meetings in New Jersey, public gatherings in Connecticut, and so on throughout most of the Northern States? We predicted a revulsion in banks and business. Did it not come? We predicted “strife, confu- sion and bankruptcy.” Were we right or wrong? Why, the facts are as evident as light. Every form of commercial disaster came upon the land during the trying times of the first armed assaults of rebellion. Half the business of the country was paralyzed. Half the business firms of this city were bankrupt. Until, in August last, the banks Icaned one hundred and fifty millions of dollars to the government; until the decrease of imports saved to the country seventy millions of dollars @ year, and gave our own manufacturers a chance; until the government gave six hundred thousand men military employment and began spending over a million of dollars a day; until war opened a thousand channels of industry un~ known before—what was the condition of the country and the people? Look back a little and you will see that we were not so far out of the way after all, and that most of our predic. tions have become history. As for the rest, look ahead. All experience proves that, as a nation cannot plunge suddenly from profound peace to a determined, costly war without convulsions and a jarring of the machinery of trade, commerce and manufacturer so the change back again from war to peace is not unattended with confusion and disaster. The history of English finances shows that the end of a war is as often atiended with commercial disturbance as its commence ment, as a storm is more furious just before its cessation. They read little, observe little, and reflect little, who consider that a great nation like this can assume the undeytaking of an im. ——