The New York Herald Newspaper, September 9, 1861, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. @FFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. TERMS cash in advance. Me i? will beat the tak of the sender, "None lat Banke alle varrent in New York on THE DAILY HERALD, two cente: 7, $7 per annum, THE WEBKLY HERALD, every Saturday, at sizcente 1, OF $3 per annum; the European Edition every Wednesday, Giz ene ev copy: A yer annum fo any part of Great Briain, or $612 to any part of the Continent, both to include postage; the fornia the Ist, 11th and 21at of each month, at six ee, ‘or $2.75 per annum. ‘THE FAMILY HERALD, on Wednesday, at four cente per Copy, oF $2 per annum. No, 250 Volume XXVL AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, VINTER GARDEN, Broadway.—CinpeReLta—Coou 48 A Cucompen, NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bowory.—But, Rux— a 4 CUCUMMBU—RaYaUND and AGNES es BARNUM'S AMBRICAN MUSEUM, a] end Evening—fine thine Ato rte in yielded PoTaMus, Sea Lion, anp Orngr Curiosrrixs. BRYANTS' MINSTRELS, Mechan: ‘Way.—Sones, Dancus, iit * Hall, 472 Broad. .—Wibe AWAKK. MELODEON CONCERT HALL, No. Broadway. NGS, Dances, BURLESQUES, eens wins CANTERBURY MUSIO HALL, 801 ANCES, BURLESQUES, AC, y an ene 64. | GAIETIES CONCERT ROOM, 616 Brondway.—Dnaw: Boom Enteetainaxnts BALueTs, Paxtowtues, Fancis, a0, AMERICAN MUSIC HALL, 444 Broadway.—Si tats, Parrowians, 40.—Ms6 imeabe Bate ne Bale CRYSTAL PALACE CONCERT Bur.esques, Sonas, Dances, 40. HALL, No. 45 —— Back Sea Now York, Monday, September 9, 1861. OUR WAR MAPS. The numerous maps, plans and diagrams of ““p operations of the Union and rebel troops in tginia, Missouri, Illinois, Florida, and on the Mis- sippi and Missouri rivers, which have been pub- hed from time to time in the New York Henan, now printed on one sheet, and is ready for livery. Agents desiring copies are requested to send in their orders immediately. Single copies six cents. Wholesale price the same as for the Wuxxuy Herap. THE SITUATION. From Western Virginia the news is of an impor- tant character. General Rosecrans is reported a; having crossed the mountain in full force, and the pickets had even been fired upon by. the rebels at 8 distance of four miles from the main camp. This Movement of General Rosecrans is one of great Moment, and if the rebels will but stand fire, the intelligence of a battle of some consequence may be received very soon. The news from Washington is of a very momen- tous charaoter. The Minister of the Russian Em- Peror delivered a document from his Imperial Ma- Sesty, sympathizing strongly with the government Of the United States in their present troubles. Mr. Seward returned a reply of grateful acknowledg- ment. General Fremont’s proclamation caused at first ome excitement among the members of the Cabi- fet, but has since becn fully endorsed by them. It is expected that the dvcument may have some effect upon the actions of Garibaldi relative to the Present contest. The Sabbath was particularly observed yoster- day among the camps in accordance with the spe- cial order of General McClellan. The pickets kept ‘ap a desultory fire during the day, and even at one ime a general engagement was expected, but ightfall brought quiet once more. Reports were prevalent in the capital that the ebels had broken camp at Managsas and were ad- vancing upon Washington, but the rumors were Dot credited by General McClellan. All the works below Alexandria and above Washington were Bow considered capable of resisting any attack the rebels could make upon them. Several attempts had been made by the rebels to cross the Potomac in the neighborhood of General Banks’ and General Btone’s forces, but had in all cases been efficiently Fepulsed. General McClellan has personally made an Beranautical reconnoisance, but the result of his in- vestigations has not transpired. The government has been adopting a vigorous policy with some of the rebel sympathizers at Bal- more. Twenty of them were arrested afew miles from the city on Saturday night, while on their way to Virginia. They had in their possession wagons, horses, military uniforms, flannel, medi- cines, @ rebel flag and @ number of letters, all of which were taken possession of by the government. A wagon maker was also ar- rested in Baltimore for making a wagon with false Goors, &c., beneath which were discovered a num- ber of contraband articles and letters from impor- tant Baltimore citizens to prominent rebels in Virginia. The documents and other articles were sent to General Dix. An order has been issued by the General commanding prohibiting all commu- nication with the State prisoners in Fort McHenry, to which place some of those thus recently ar- rested have been sent, The intelligence from Fortress Monroe and Hat- teras Inlet continues to confirm the reports of the returning loyal feeling of the residents of North Carolina. Another fort is reported as being evacuated, doubtless preparatory to its surrender to the government. It is further reported that if the Union troops should invade Beaufort they would be supported by large number of North Carolinian loyalists. Commodore Stringham had errived at Old Point in advance of his flagship. ‘The Quaker City arrived yesterday at the Brook- tyn Navy Yard, bringing seven prisoners from the rebel schooner H. Middleton. The robels were landed at Fort Lafayette, It is rumored in Missouri that Generals Rains and Price had captured Fort Scott, with all the stores, arms, ammunition, &c. Colonel Montgomery and tis forces are said to be prisoners, but the whole statement requires confirmation. THE NEWS. The Providence line of steamers, which arrive ®t this port daily, have for some time past brought on freight large quantities of cotton from the & ove port, for shipment to Europe. The Pelican, wiich arrived yesterday morning, had some 200 bales. The Third Rhode Island regiment, numbering © men, rank and file, under the command of Col. ‘wnning, arrived yesterday in the steamer Com- todore, and were landed at Fort Hamilton, where toy will encamp, On the 30th of August, when the last report was ‘ide up, there were eight hundred and fifty-five . vi and wounded soldiers in the hespitals at Wash- dogton, Georgetown aud Alexandria, and of these NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 9, 1861. three hundred and sixty-two belonged to State of New York regiments. Nathaniel B. Baker, who has been nominated a8 the Union candidate for Governor of Towa, was the last democratic Governor of New Hampshire. After his defeat in 1855 he emigrated to Iowa, where he took a prominent part in politics, and was chosen Adjutant General of the State. In accordance with the finding of a court martial, General McClellan has ordered William Scott, of Company K, Third Vermont regiment, to be shot to-day, for sleeping on his post while on picket guard, The Toronto (Canada) Leader, a paper in the employ of the secessionists, is continually working itself into a passion over the fear that citizens of Canada will enter the Union army. It imagines that invitations have already been sent to @ num- ber of individuals to join a Scottish regiment, which is raising in the Provinces, and it therefore warns the federal government not to go too far in this work. We have not heard of any one being frightened as yet. The following is the official vote cast at the August election for State Treasurer in Kentucky:— J. H. Garrard, Union ‘Two secession candidates. Union majority. In the face of this, the secessionists are again clamorous for the “sentiments” of the people. Parson Brownlow, the valiant and fighting editor of the Knoxville (Tenn.) Whig, has really come down and took his position on the secession plat- form. But few days ago he announced that when he wanted to go to Satan’s dominions he would cut his throat and take the short way, but that he would never attempt to reach those locali- ties by the long road through Jeff. Davis’ Southern confederacy. It appears that the reverend gentle- man has finally concluded to take the “long road,” and is now fairly on his travels to the place above referred to. The vote for Governor of Vermont at the recent election will foot up about as follow: Holbrook, republican and Unio Tracy, Union and republican.. Smalley, democrat... . To-day the annual elec! ‘The executive is the only State office to be filled, tor which the republicans have nominated for re- election Israel Washburn, Jr. The democrats, after having a very pretty family quarrel in their convention, divided, and brought out separate tickets. The hard shells or ‘‘peace’’ secossivnists nominated John W. Dana, and the Unionists con- cluded to run Colonel Charles W. Jamison, who was in command of the Second Maine regiment. There can be no mistake about the result, as the vote for Governcr last fall will conclusively show. The result was as follows:— Washburn, (republican). » 69,469 Smart, (democrat)... » 61,375 Barnes, (national Union) 1,720 St. Anne’s Roman Catholic church, corner of Front and Gold streets, Brooklyn, was solemnly dedicated yesterday by Bishop Laughlin. Father Gleeson is the pastor. Tho cotton market was steady and firm on Saturday, though less active. The sales embraced about 700 bales, closing at 22c. a 224c. for middling uplands, The re. ceiptsof four continued to be light, which tended to re- strict transactions, while prices wero firm. Whoat was wm fair demand, and early in the day was firm; but tho market closed dull and heavy for most descriptions. Corn was heavy and easier, while sales were tolerably active, chiefly for Eastern ports and for export, at 49c. for good Western mixed. Pok was heavy and dull, with sales of mess at $13 75 a $14, and of primo at $9 75, with small lots of heavy barrels at $10. Sugars wore firm and ac- tive, with sales of 2,500 hhds. at full prices. Coffee was firm, with sales of 2,300 bags Rio at 133{c. a 15c., and 250 mats prime Java at 200. Freights to English ports wore slaok and rather easier for grain to Liverpool, while rates to Havre and other Continental ports were un- changed. POR B A Meats Che VIE) Lhe Emperor of Russia Speaks for the Union—A Magnificent Letter. It is with no ordinary satisfaction that we submit to our readers this morning the broad, generous and enlightened views of the Emperor of Russia on the subject of our Southern re- bellion, a8 communicated to our government through the admirable letter of Prince Gort- schakoff to the Russian Minister at Washington. Mark the delicacy with which, in this imperial communication, our present overshadowing domestio troubles and dangers are approached. The Czar, modestly pleading the privilege of an old and constant friend, cannot resist the desire to assure our government and our people of his sympathies for the cause of our Union, and of his wishes to see it ge. oe in its integrity. Carefully avoiding the.officious character of @ partisan, and every pretension of a judge between the two divisions of our country in arms against each other, the Emperor puts forward an appeal for the Union which leaves no loophole for a double con- struction. Sympathizing with the success of our united country, the prosperity of our peo ple, and the unexampled developement of a powerful nation under our popular institutions, Russia, bestriding the continents of Eurepe and Asia, and standing high above the contemptible jealousies of England, has failed to discover the elements of an independent power in the spuri- ous government of our rebellious Confederate States. It requires no profound researches into the antecedent relations of England and Russia with the United States to enable us to reach a just conclusion between the equivocal neutral ity and “belligerent rights” presented by England, on the one hand, touching our so-called South- ern confederacy, and, on the other hand, the clear and unequivocal attitude of Russia. We perceive at once that while England regards our country united as a great rising commercial rival which it is her interest and her purpose to put down, Russia regards the maintenance of our Union as essential to the balance of power in both hemispheres. Nor can we doubt in this connection the solicitude expressed by the Czar in reference to our domestic security, hap- piness and prosperity. His views upon this point are those of an enlightened and inquiring statesman, devoted to the cause of Union, law and order, and against disintegration, discords and anarchy. We incline to the opinion that our loyal peo- ple wil not consider the very brief letter of Mr. Seward in reply to Prince Gortschakoff as equal to the occasion. We think that Mr. Sew, ard has neglected a fine opportunity for a tell. ing exposition to the Western Powers of Eu- rope of this American question. But, however this may be, we have no doubt that this admira- ble and seasonable letter from St. Petersburg will create a more profound sensation in the British Cabinet than that resulting from the battle of Bull run. Lords Palmersten and Rus- sell will discover from this Russian view of American affairs that an English continental al- liance with the German States against Louis Napoleon will probably be met by an alliance including France, Italy and Russia, At all events the double-dealing statesmen of England will be apt to recognise in this letter of instructions to the Russian Minister at Wash- ington a rebuke and a warning entitted to re- spect. In this anticipation we aro particularly gratified that the Emperor of Russia has so glearly defined his position. ligaene to New Orleans, Bowe? the | cannot but condole with the wounded survivors | raise his force.” The closing of the letter is sig- and the afflicted mourners of the dead, and de- A victory over the rebel host on the banks of plore that such an outrage should haye dis- | pointed volunteer officers wili remember it. Mississippi. the Potomac would be of the highest importance to the Union cause. But it would not end the war. The cotton States, the hotbed of scces sion, would still be intact. The true direction, therefore, in which to strike, in order to make short work, is down the Mississippi, A suitable expedition launched upon its waters can pene- trate at once into the very heart of the rebel- lion, provided it is set forward promptly and in sufficient force before the Mississippi is fortified by guns of large calibre and powerful earth- works, As a preliminary to this it will be necessary to secure the States of Missouri and Kentucky, 80 a8 to leave no fire in the rear, And how is this to be done? We answer, General Fremont must be supplied with men and money with- out stint, so that he can move forward with his grand army as uninterrupted im his pro- gress as the majestic flow of the Father of Waters. Whatever money he needs should be placed immediately in his hands, so 2s to enable him to buy what he requires at once, and at such prices as it can be obtained for, without delay, red tape or circumlocution. It will never do to go through the routine of advertising for sealed proposals to furnish every button and shoe string that may be want- ed, under the pressing times and circumstances by which General Fremont is surrounded. Pro- crastination is fatal. As well might we adver- tise for sealed proposals for a boat to rescue a drowning man as to delay till everything re- quired for the expedition is obtained in this way. We have already paid dearly for the dilatori- nees of the government in reinforcing tho West. ern division of the army. Had the earnest ap- peals of General Lyon been promptly responded to, our troops might have been in Arkansas to- day, victorious, and with Lyon alive at their head. He died of red tape. He would have been reinforced, as it was, by General Fremont but for the lack of means of transportation. The government even now do not seem to rise to the height of the occasion, or to comprehend the magnitude of the work that is to be done. In Missouri the rebels had already been whip- ped and dispersed, and their Governor put to flight. Lyon was anxious to advance South at once and conquer his way as he proceeded; but the government turned a deaf ear to his appeals for help, and thus en- abled the dispersed insurgents to rally, and reinforcements to come to their wid from Arkansas and Louisiana, by which a large force was concentrated near Springfield. The lors of Lyon and many of his brave men was the con- sequence, and the still greater loss of oppor- tunity and of prestige won by heroic blood. Delay, necessary to the reconquest of Missouri, is the penalty of the feeble milk and water policy adopted at Washington. The whole attention of the Cabinet and the means at their disposal appear to be ooncen- trated at the national capital around them- selves, while the operations in the Northwest and Southwest have been allowed to languish for want of adequate support, and nearly all the advantages gained in Western Virginia and Missouri are lost to the Union—a greater loss, perhaps, in its ultimate effects, when viewed with the comprehensive eye of a statesman and a general, than even the loss of the city of Washington. All must not be sacrificed toa single city, which, without success elsewhere, would be of little use to tho federal govern- ment. It is right and necessary to defend Washington to the last, and it is right to esta- blish the authority of the United States over revolted Virginia; but while these things are done other things equally essential ought not to have been leit undone. The most effectual way, perhaps, of defending Washington, capturing Richmond and subduing Virginia, is by the way of the Mississippi. The Confederates have the great bulk of their army now in Virginia. The moment the cotton States are assailed by a formiduble column, led down the Mississippi by Fremont, and at the same time pressed along the Atlantic seaboard and in the Gulf, besides assailed by a column landed in Mexico to cross the frontier of Texas-— which our government, according to good Con- federate authority, have permission from Mexi- co to do—the rebels will then ftapidly retreat southward to defend their Lomes, and will leave Virginia to her fate. This is the way to con- quer, and it is only by supplying the means commensurate with this large scale of opera- tions that speedy and complete success can be achieved. No member of the Cabinet can mako a repn- tation under the present administration, or gain the popular favor in any way, except by facili- tating the operations of our brave young gene- rals, on whom the safety of the Union depends. On them the country relies for the suppression of the rebellion, and whatever money they need the people are willing freely to give them. Let the government, therefore, at once act up to the convictions and wishes of the people, who have been hitherto entirely ahead of the administration in their zeal, and in & proptr appreciation of the terrible crisis through which the country is passing. Let Secretary Chase make the same broad distinc- tion which exists in the public mind between a state of peace and a state of war, and con- sider that what would be a commendable saving in ordinary times may prove a fulse economy and a disastrous policy now. Every dollar legitimately expended at the present will be a saving of five dollars hereafter. Every drop of patriot blood shed now will save the effusion of oceans of blood in future years. Now is the acceptable time for energy and effort, for now is the day of salvation. An Inauman Arrociry.—The burning of the railroad bridges by the rebels on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad, by which a train was precipitated into the bed of a river, thereby killing seventeen persons on the spot and seri- ously wounding many more, is one of those dia- bolical acts which deserves the execration of mankind and the punishment of death upon its heartless perpetrators. It is a worse crime than the poisoning by a Chinese of the bread intend- ed for the British army in China, because direct- ed towards the destruction of innocent people taking no active part in hostilities, and those people of the same kin and country as the plot- ters in this cowardly tragedy. It would be dif- ficult for us to sufficiently express our abhor- rence of anything so hellish in design and devil- ish in execution, and we make use of the words with @ more than vulgar sense of their meaning. We sincerely hope that those who have been guilty of this infamous wickedness will be dis- covered and brought to justice. Meanwhile, we ytaced Missouri. Ra cBt Events—The Union Cause Ade yancing in Every Direction, Since the perilous and instructive lesson to our amy at Manassas, the good cause of the Union hes been gathering strength and gaining ground in every essential and {a every direction- Looking over the whole field of the rebellion, and consulting recent events, existing facts and signs of the times, we are more and more en- couraged to anticipate the complete triumph of tke government and the restoration of the Union in its integrity before the month of May. The most alarming developement of the un- expected disaster at Bull run was the shockingly crude and demoralized condition of our army of the Potomac, which was thus exposed. But the severe instructions thus administered in the very face of the administration have resulted ina re-construction and consolidation of this army, which, we are confident, will soon com. pensate usa hundred fold for all its recent losses and humiliations. Disorder and lawless- ness have been succeeded by order, discipline and efficiency among our troops; and in reform- ing their late abuses General McClellan has in- fused into each of his camps the regularity, unity and decorum of a well appointed army. He has thus already made manifest those high qualities of a military leader which can fail of success only under very serious disad- vantages of position and numbers. But the po- sitions of McClellan’s army are strong, his forces are well bestowed, and when we are told that he does not fear the threatened assault of the enemy, we are sure that he is fully pre- pared to meet him. In McDowell’s defeat, therefore, we have some- thing to be thankful for, in the superior army which it has given us for the immediate defence of Washington. But since the memorable 21st of July the whole chain of leading events, from our seaboard to the Mississippi, have all dis- closed the increasing strength of the Union and the sinking fortunes of the rebel causé. In the midst of the rebel rejoicings over Bull run there was the Kentucky State election, with its popular majority of sixty thousand for the Union—a splendid moral victory. Next came the magnificent struggle of General Lyon with the overwhelming forces of Ben McCulloch, in Missouri, from the damages of which Pen har been compelled to retreat back into Arkansas. And then the appointment of General Wool to the suprome command at Fortress Monroe, of Fremont to the department of Missouri, of An derson tothe department of Kentucky, and 0; Banks to the place disgraced by Patterson, are appointments which have already been marked by many good, and some very important, re sults in favor of the government. Most important of all the manifestations, how- ever, in behalf of the Union cause, are the suc. ceases of Secretary Chase in his experimental loans in Wall street and among the people at large. Tho responses from our banks, capital ists and citizens of all classes assure us that there will be no deficiency in the matter of “material and financial aid” for the prosecution of this righteous war for the integrity of the republic. Nor will there be any occasion for complaint in regard to the reinforcement of our armies, with proper activity to this end a. Washington. In men, money, arms and mate- rials of every description, tho government is so immensely superior in its resources to the rebels that, with anything like a judicious employmen‘ of the means at his command, President Lincoln cannot fail to put, within afew mont!.s, an end to this rebellion. Again, the late brilliant operation of our na” val and land forces at Hatteras Inlet, and the revelations which have followed of the existence ofa powerful and irrepressible Union sentimen: in North Carolina, have betrayed the vulnerable heel of this secession conspiracy. It is the sea coast of our rebellious States. By the first of November Mr. Secretary Welles will have from twenty to thirty new gunboats at his command. With the firs frosts of autumn the sea coast of the Souti will be relieved from its deadly summer mala ria, and then a movement southward by sea combining gunboats and land forces, in con- junction with the movement of a Union army down the Mississippi, will leave poor old Virgi nia an easy triumph to fifty thousand men ad- vancing from Washington and Fortress Monroe. Meantime, if the rebels attack our lines in front of Washington and are repulsed, as they wili be, they xxay suffer @ defeat which, in itself, will virtually be the end of the war. Thus in every point of view we have occa sion to congratulate the country, and the whole country, upon the bright prospects of eur Union cause. Looking across the Atlantic, we have ceased to entertain any apprehensions from that quarter; for in certain impending European coalitions, Napoleonicand anti-Napoleenic, there is and will be work enough to occupy the ex clusive attention of England and France. In this connection, the views of the Emperor o! Russia, in reference to our Southern re. bellion, as expressed in the letter to Baron Stoeckel which we publish to-day, are very suggestive and encouraging. Let Mr. Lincoln continue wide awake, and keep the heads of his principal departments up to the spirit of our loyal people, and we shall have a glorious peace before the blooming of the flow- ers of May. Backpons or THE Presipenr.—Old Abe is stiffening his backbone. In his recent letter written to Governor Magoffin, of Kentucky, in regard to United States forces in Kentucky, the President says:—‘There is a military force in camp in Kentucky, acting by au- thority of the United States. I also believe that arms have been furnished to them by the United States government; but they are Ken- tuckians, and not assailing or menacing any one.” Then in reply to Magoffin’s request that they should be removed, he states that “he does not remember that any one, ex- cept your Excellency and the bearer of your Excellency’s letter, has urged the re- moval of the military force. I therefore decline to do it.” After this emphatic refusal, the President gives Senator Breckinridge’s Gov- ernor a broad hint, by declaring that he could not find in his long letter any declaration or intimation that he entertained any desire fer the preservation of the Union. Another letter of the President has just turned up, written to Secretary Cameron in regard to the appointment of Senator Lane, of Kansas, as Brigadier General. In this letter he discards all circumlocution of red tape, and declares that the government wants just such a man out West, and adds, “We had better appoint him to-day and send him off to rg eth put upon such acts, which, in the case of British bottoms, we maintain to be a violation of neu- trality. Let us refer to the proclamation itself to show that it is as contrary to the intention of the British government as it is to the law of na- tions, respecting the rights of neutrals, for the conan authorities to allow such proceed- g8:— We do hereb; all our lovii bj 7 suse nh tear ena them shall presume, in contempt of this our royal prociae mation ana of our high displeasure, to do acts ia derogation of their duty as subjects of a neutral sovero in the satd contest, or in violation or contravention of Jaw Of nations in that bebalf, as for example, and more | cape cially, by entering into the military sorvice of either of the, Said contending parties, a8 commis: or noa- commia ‘oned officers or soldiers, © * © 6 © or by bre,’king, or endeavoring to break, any blockade ‘am,' Actually established, or by carrying officers, soldiers, desp. ‘tches, arms, military stores or materiale, oF any articles,” articles considered and deemed to be coutraband of wa" #coording to the law or modern usage Of nations, for the . 82 °F Serv ion of eithor of the said com- ini fhe svat Pu Aa! pal onnageoes by ti 7. i the sald abut, 06 Uy ek® Jaw of nations in that A posed or denounged. Such illegal trading paces the British gov- ernment in the powition of receiver of stolen goods, and is the nssre especiaily to be depre- cated when, as it hasbeen, conducted by British subjects. It is, indeed, surp.tising that traffic of this description should have b een permitted by our consuls at the offend.og ports, aad that the Secretary of State should have made no remonstrance on the sabpoct or taken any active measures for its: suppresayo8. That the vessels sailing for blockaded parts, with articles contraband of war, are liable to Weizure by our government as soon as they have jrlt t© sea there is no doubt; and if our consuls, af\*t satisfying themselves of the character of sam Picious vessels, were to inform the governmeat of Washington by telegraph, or otherwise com- municate with the naval authorities, a cruiser might be ready outside, with a prize crew, fer each of these vessels. It was only a few days ago that the ship Alliance left St. John, New Brunswick, with military stores for Beaufort South Carolina, the blockade at whieh port she succeeded in running; and, if not checked, suck cases will continue on the increase and Britieh neutrality be violated with impunity. nificant, and it will be well if all the newly ap- “Tell him,” says the President, “When he starts to putit through, not to be writ. 76 oF tele- graphing back here, but put it through.” We fear that one of tie great causes of delay in the prosecution of the war has been that the volun- teer officers have spent their time in writimg and telegraphing back to the capital, instead of “putting it through.” The Polities! ConventionsThe People’s Convention the Forlorn Hope of the Rep ° The Democratic Convention, in their desire to please both sides, have failed to present a plat- form satisfactory to the public. Although de- claring in favor of a vigorous prosecution of the war, to please Ben. Wood and other secession allies in the North they have put forward a record that is repudiated by the Union men of their own party. All who have not become tinctured with the States rights or secession doctrine denounce the ninth resolution as un- called for, unwise and a loadstone to the party. Under the doctrines of that resolution the seces- sion organs can actually stir up a mob in New York—one that would cause an enormous loss of life and property, as well as seriously embar- rass the administration, should it be done in concert with an attack upon Washington by the rebel army, and the military authorities of the city would stand with their hands tied as far as arresting the really guilty parties or suppressing the mutinous article. It needs no argument to prove the fallacy of such doctrines. They might do well enough in times of peace; but we are now engaged in a war, and it is better that a few individuals for the time being should be prevented from carrying the liberty of speech and the press to extremes than that our whole national struc- ture should be overthrown and the liberties of millions subverted. The democracy having failed to meet the issues of the day or to present to the public a practical platform, we are left the only alter- native of looking to the conventions hereafter to be held for satisfactory and practical issues. The democratic politicians, although making a great ado about following the measures of Jackson, have shown that they are not equal to the exigencies of the times, and are no more worthy of public confidence than the republi cans. Neither do we anticipate anything prac- tical from the theoretical Chicago platform and shoddy republicans. The rottenness of the re publican Military Board at Albany and the im- becility at Washington have already destroyed all confidence in the public that they will prove the party for the present trying hour of the nation, Like the democrats, they will doubtless consider their party tirst and make the country secondary; in fact we may say that their past cor cuptions have settled their platform in advance We are forced, therefore, to look to the People’s ‘Union Convention, which is to assemble at Syra- couse on the 10th, as our forlorn hope. Of the :omplexion of this Convention or its objects we ave but little knowledge, further than that -he call was signed by democrats, republicans snd Americans, inviting the co-operation of all lovers of the Union who are in favor of speedi- ly suppressing the wicked rebellion now men acing our capital and threatening the existence of the nation. Delegates are being elected ‘rom all important points in the State; but whether it is to be made a machine to ratify the sction of the demoorats or republicans, or a eally patriotic gathering, rising above party and vepudiating the shoddy politicians on all sides, we are not advised. There is an excellent opening for them, not only for making themselves the rallying point or the people, but the means of demolishing the corrupt cliques of all parties, and furnishing vn issue that will enable all loyal citizens to rote to suppress the rebellion, strengthen and aphold the government, free from the interfe- rence of party politicians and party prejudices. it appears to be the determination of the party managers to bewilder and befog the public mind as much as possible, and thus prevent + fair and candid expression of public opinion at the ballet box upon the only question—Union or disunion—which we are called upon to meet, and the administration, through our army and navy, is attempting to decide. The war is upon is; it is an existing fact, as tho slain at the Big Uethel, Bull run and Wilson’s creek engage- ments fully testify. A wicked and traitorous sonspiracy exists. The rebel army is menacing the capital with its tens of thousands. Shall the \oyal North lay quietly upon its back, and per- mit the destruction of our constitution and human freedom the world over, or deal with it as becomes men having a sacred trust reposed in them and a righteous cause to defend? The leaders of the rebellion declare that “ the North shall feel Southern steel and pay the expense of their own subjugation.” But one conclusion can be draws from this, and that is, either the administration must suppress the rebellion or the South will conquer the North; and it is for the people of the Free States to decide which that shall be. The democratic politicians have shown that they do not comprehend the issue, and are spending their energies on abstractions. We expect nothing better of the republicans, whose corruptions have becomeaby-word. We are therefore compelled to look to the People’s Convention as the forlorn hope in this trying hour of our nation. It remains for the leading spirits of that gathering to say whether their deliberations shall prove a general whitewash- ing of the politicians, or whether they will pre- sent a platform that will enable the public to demolish all parties and their shoddy politi- cians, and, at the same time, give us a platform that the entire world will consider a pledge to strengthen the hands of the administration in a vigorous prosecution of the war. Brrosa Nevrrauiry anp THE Brockape.— The numerous instances which have ovcurred of vessels running the blockade of the Southern ports with cargoes to and from the British pro- vinces naturally lead us to inquire whether the conduct of the authorities at these places, with The Cotton Fields of the World. {t appears, from the London Times of Augast 21, that the whole American stock of cotton ia Liverpool—about 700,000 bales—would be ab- sorbed by the 2lst of November. But Mr* Baseley, M. P. for Manchester, at a meeting of the Social Science Congress in the city of Dublin, said:—“ The manufacturers of England expected to be able to command a supply of cotton which would keep them working with tolerable regularity until the spring of the year.” Now this gentleman states that he was extensively engaged in cotton spinning, and had bis agent in Charleston; and, therefore, be understood the subject on which he spoke. Bat he has under stated the facts, The cotton fields of the world are open to the English manfao- turers, who will take American cotton asleag ag they can get it, but will resort to other kinds when that is used up, and will find their customers perfectly satisfied. How little reason there is, or éver was, for the vain boast of the South that its cotton is king, the facts and statistics about the plant which we published recently in extracts from English aad other journals plainly show. The whole supers” structure of Southern confidence in Europeam aid is founded upon the false basis that Eurepe cannot do without the cotton of the Southesm States. Probably if the people of the Southem confederacy had only had their minds disabused. of this fiction in time they never would have embarked in their present rebellion. They were told by their demagogues that England and France must aid them in achieving their im- dependence, because they must have American cotton in order to prevent starvation: among the factory population and gencral revolutien throughout the country. But what are the factsas they come to light—facts which are as the mysterious handwriting om* the wall seen by Belshazzar of old— showing that the kingdom of Southern cotter is divided and given to the Hindoos, the Chinese, the Egyptians, the Nicaraguans, the Mexicans, the Haytiens, the Brazilians, the Caffirs, the Turks, the Syrians, and otherst The injury will be great to the North; but it will be crushing to the South. Such is the calamity the secessionists, pure and simpler and the abolition disunionists are likely to bring upon their respective sections of the country. Nicaragua, Egypt, China, India, Hayti, South America, including Brazil, and Turkey, Syria, Algiers, Natal and Australia, may be numbered among the fertile cotton fields of the world: From a Mexican paper we learn that in the State of Guerrero the agriculturists are now devoting themselves to-the culture of cotton and making it an article of export, while in Brazil we find that “cotton grows with luxuri- ance throughout the country, wherever it is planted,” and that it is only “the want of roads into the interior and the scarcity of labor that have been the impediments to the increased cultivation of this article.” The Manchester Guardian says:—‘We have now in Liverpool a stock of nearly 200,000 bales of East India cotton, and the same quan. tity water-borne; it will go far towards sup- plying the deficiency of American cotton, and larger supplies will come forward if the trade will buy it and use it.” From the speech of the Chairman at a meeting of the Cotton Sup. ply Association, at Manchester, we learn that “ast year, owing to the abundant crop in Ame- rica, of the 600,000 bales received in England from India only 173,000 were consumed; se that, had not the Russians, Germans and Swedes come in to take this cotton away, we should have had more than 400,000 bales piled up im the warehouses of Liverpool.” During the last ten years the annual supplies of England from all parts of the world, including the large crep of last year, have averaged $,984,000 bales, while the consumptisn followed so closely upea it as to reach 3,960,000. Thus, as regards cot. ton, England was living from hand to mouth, her chief dependence being upon the United States. The cotton imports and exports of England during the present yedr and last year, from January 1 to May 3, are respectively as respect to such vessels, is in accordance with | fllews:— ‘gota. the spirit of the Queen’s proclamation. St. 1861, 1860. John, New Brunswick; Bermuda, Barbadoes, | American, bags. 1,205,670 Lege s, ei South American. 25,2 4,6: and Halifax, Nova Scotia, have been favo- | West Indies. 7 376 rite resorts of the craft intent upon giving | Bast este aes aid and comfort to the enemy. At the ah ae: i : former place vessels have loaded with MAL... cerrsevereseess! 1,432,545 1,598,868 The excessive quantity from America last year had the effect of lessening the import from India and other countries this year; but when the news reaches those coun- tries that the supply of American cotton is articles contraband ef war, and notoriously intended for the use of the rebels, and at the latter numerous arrivals from the block- aded ports have taken place. Yet in the former case there was no hesitation on the part of the custom house to give clearances, and in the lat- | stopped by war, the quantities that will be fur~ ter to accept the clearances of the Davis govern- | nished by the Ist of May next to meet the de- ment. The consequence is, that a premium is | mand will be immense. Smyrna, we are teld,