The New York Herald Newspaper, August 17, 1861, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, ° EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. » advance, Money sent by nail will heat the None but Bank bills current in New York TERMS ev wish of the seniler. LD, tio cents per copy, $7 per annum. RALD, ever) day, at six cents per copy, oF the European Wednesday, at six cents per copy; $4 per cmmum to an at Britain, or $6.12 fo. any part of the Continent, loth to inclucte postage; the v fon on the Ist Wh and 2lst of cach month, at sie 2 75 per annuin. HERALD, on Wednesday, at four cents per cining important 1; if used, will be DENTS ARK AND Pack- us corresponitence, We do not No.2237 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. WINTER GARDEN, Broadway.—Tne Toopies—Workine THE ORACLE. Bowery. Ln: Kun Max— Lavpy—Aporrkp Cuip, NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Paint Huaur Never Wox BARNUM’S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Brondway.—Da and Evening—Nonan Cuntna—Two Buz nia, “¢ 'y Liox axo Oruen Contains, *° DUaaKDS—Beas, Sia BRYANTS' MINSTRELS, Mechanics? Hall, way.—Lrutorian Sonds, Dancks. 80 Revan Dioxin MELODEON CONCERT HA Soxcs, Dances, Burtesques, &c. No. 539 Broadway.— ‘MILD OF THE REGIMENT CANTERBURY MUSIC. HALL, 585 sacl Graeaeore ne 585 Broadway.—Sonas, GAIETIES concert. ROOM, 616 Broad —] x Room ENTERTAINMENTS BALLETS, PantOutitna? Fancuse Ae HALL, 444 Broadway, —Portharr Painti: AMERICAN MU: LETS, PANTOMIMES, ‘Sones, Ban- CRYSTAL PALACE CONCERT HALL, BuRtrsquxs, Sonds, DANCES, PANTOMIME: 0, 45 Bowery.— AS WWE Bans, New York, Saturday, August 17, 1861. OUR WAR MAPS. We haye issued another edition of the nu merous maps, plans and diagrams of the ope- rations of the Union and rebel troops in Vir- Sinia, Missouri, Illinois, Florida, and on the Missis- sippi and Missouri rivers, and it is now ready for delivery. Agents desiring copies are requested to send in their orders immediately. Single copies NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY,. AUGUST 17, 1861. The rebels, according to some reports, had entered Springfield and encamped there. By arrivals from South American ports we learn that the rebel privateers are actively engaged in that quarter, as well as about the West India Islands. Several of them have recently been seen off Pernambuco and Rio Janeiro. The Jeff. Davis ran into San Juan, Porto Rico, on the 26th ult., for provisions and water. She had been overhauling American vessels in that neighborhood for some time previous, THE NEWS.’ We are indaced to place the following paragraphs vis-a-vis in order that the public may become more familiar with the separate action of the men to whom they refer:— On the eve of the battle of Bull run the Fourth regi- ment of Pennsylvania Vo- lunteers and the battery of tho New York Fighth Mili- tia insisted on their dis charge, and they moved off the field to the sound of the enemy’s cannon, Tho Iowa First regiment of Voluntoers were entitled to bo discharged on the morning of the late battle Sl jin Missouri, to hold on 80 long as any fighting was to be done, aad most nobly they sustained their post in the action, Parson Brownlow’s paper, the Knoxville (East Tennessee) Whig, was still going on Saturday, the 10th inst., but in the issue of that day he says that orders were sent from Richmond to have its publi- cation stopped, which he thought the mob would obey, and that probably that would be the last issue. Governor Buckingham, of Connecticut, has tele- graphed to General Fremont to have the body of General Lyon sent to that State to be buried at Ashford. We have seen nothing as yet in the Southern journals referring to the payment of the rebel sol- diers, except that one company of New Orleans men in Memphis kicked up a row some time since about their pay, and were quieted down with five dollars each. A company of seventy-five able bodied loyal men, supposed not to belong to the first families and having no direct claims upon the chivalry, has been raised in Morgan county, Virginia, and on the Sth instant they left their homes to join ex-Gover- nor Thomas’ Union brigade in Frederick, Mary- land. Ex-Senator Green, of Missouri, has recently been in St. Louis, pressing upon the authorities there to six cents. Wholesale price the same as for the Werxiy Henap. THE SITUATION. ‘The President has issued a most important pro- clamation, interdicting all commercial intercourse by sea or land henceforth with the States in re- bellion against the government, with the exception of Eastern Virginia, and such portions of the other recusant States as may be loyal to the govern- ment. The carriage of goods, chattels, wares, merchandise or persons is strictly forbidden, and the officials of the government are ordered to forfeit all veasels and other conveyances that may be employed in transporting such pro- scribed articles from any of the States in arms against the government, without permission from the President, through the Secretary of the Treasury. Gen. McClean, while dealing summarily with the insubordinate soldiers of the Seventy-ninth New York and Second Maine regiments, is taking active measures to preserve the army from de. moralization. He has issued an order restricting the visits of all civilians or others to the seve- ral camps or to any part of the Virginia side of the Potomac, except those provided with passes from the General command, the Secretary of War or the Provost Marshal. All outstanding passes are revoked. This measure has doubtless been adopted in consequence of the fact, which has been ascertained beyond doubt, that Washington is teeming with traitors and spies. The investigation of the Potter Committee will re- veal an extraordinary condition of things in the pub- lic departments. It is stated on good authority that there are no less than a hundred and forty- three kaowa secessionists in the service of the government at Washington, others strongly suspected? of entertaining treason- in and seventy-five | able sentiments. Some of them were employed in the Arsenal on the manufacture of shells to be used against the rebels, which may account for the fact that many of these projectiles used at Bull ran did not explode, ‘The Potomac squadron continues from time to time to provoke attacks from the concealed bat- teries in and areund Acqua creek. The steamer Resolute was sent to Mathias Point for the pur- pose of recomeitering, on Thursday afternoon. Seving a boat filled with barrels, a little below the Point, the Resolute sent a boat with a crew of six men to take possession of it, but upon from the woods adjacent, and three of the crew With great difficul ty the unharmed men brought baci the boat to the Resolute. and shell into the houses, which probably did some damage. and joined in the fire. a volley of musketry was opened her were killed and one wounded. The steamer opened a fire of canister The Reliance came up at the same time The rebels were seen to fly from their ambuscade in small parties. A very important arrest of an agent of the rebels was made in this city yesterday. A passenger from Liverpool by the Persia, named Serrell, who, it appears, boasted while on the voyage that he was the bearer of a large sum of money for the use of the rebel government, was arrested by the United States Custom House officers, on informa- tion received from the other passengers, and upon searching his baggage the suin of $200,000 in Bank of England notes was found therein, He was taken to the District Attorney’s office, and admitted to | bail in the sum of $40,000 to appear for examina- tion on Monday next. The Grand Jury of the United States Circuit Court in this city brought in an important paper and presented it to Judge Shipman yesterday, con- demnatory of the treasonable course of the fol- lowing papers:— Journal of Commerce, the Daily and Weekly News, the Day Book, the Freeman's Journal and the Daily Eagle of Brooklyn, which express themselves opposed to what they call ‘‘the present unholy yar” and for the utterance of language whith, if expressed in the streets, would be considered a crime against the government, The Grand Jury are aware that the conduct of these disloyal papers is abhorred by all loyal men, and hope that it i» subject to indictment and the punishment of the Court. , Rumors were prevalent in St. Louis yesterday that General Ben, McCulloch was positively killed At the battle of Davis, creek, General Siegel is haid to be at a point within Altech Iniles of Leba- B00, and was expected to reach Rolla last night. join him in putting forth peace propositions to the people of that State. Mr. Green's plan has for its basis the disbanding of all the government forces. Very good secession dodge. Provisions are to be immediately made for the examination of persons who are seeking commis- sions in the volunteer service in this State. If de- sired, all such aspirants can be examined as to their qualitications before they commence raising companies or regiments. There has been some misunderstanding in rela- tion to the term of service of the two years volun- teers, the men claiming that, as but two classes of volunteers were called for—three months and three years—they properly belonged to that class who enlistedfor three months, and their opinion was strengthened by the report that the United States Attorney General had given his opinion to that effect. The following despatch from the Secretary of State te Governor Morgan settles the whole question:— Wasuxeroy, August 14, 1861. The ‘To GovERNon MORGAN:— ‘The Attorney General has given no such opinion. whole government holds the troops bound for tw charge none of them. — WM. H. Dates from the Belize, Honduras, are to July 15. During the last two months much rain had fallen, and there had been several heavy gales of wind. The rivers were «ll flooded, and all ef the maho- gany which had been trucked out of the bush had come down, Trade was very dull, owing to the war and the low price of Honduras produce in United States markets. The storehouses are all full ef sarsaparilla, hides, cochineal, indigo and old copper, which cannot go forward, as there is no demand for them in this country. The trade in these articles will all go to England hereafter. Ex" change on the United States is not to be had unless at a ruinous figure. The health of the town and the whole settlement was very good. No case of yellow fever this season. Our advices from Jamaica are to the 5th instant- ‘The United States steamer Keystone State arrived there on the 29th ultimo, and left for St. Thomas on the Ist instant, in search of the privateer Sumter. There had been a slight falling off in the iskand revenne. Trade was dull. The island had been visited with heavy rains, of which the planters were complaining. The public health was good. The cotton market was steady yesterday at 18c, a 181z0. for middling uplands, with sales of 1,000 bales. he flour trade was less active, as the supplies were in- adequate and holders claimed an advance of Se. a 10c, per bl. Wheat and corn were freely purchased and were higher in price. Pork, beef and lard were quiet; mess pork, $15; prime, $10 a $10 Rosin and spirits turpen tine again improved, with liberal sales; also of tar, pitch and whiskey, at decidedly firmer rates. The sales of sugars and tobacco were restricted. The transactions in box herring were large. Molasses was in better demand, Coffve was inactive. Rice was very@rm, but in less re- quest. An active trade was reported in breadstufts freights, rates on which closed higher. PrivatEeninc—ARE we Bounp py Ovr Orrer oF ADHESION TO THE TREATY oF Partk—The prospect of our getting into difficulties’ with England, through the inefficiency of the block- ade, has led to inquiries by correspondents as to the pesition in which our government stands in regard to the offer fe by it of adhesion to the provisions of the treaty of Paris on the sub- ject of privateer g. That proposal having neither been accepted nor rejected, it is feared by some that, in case of awar with Great Bri- tain, we may be held bound by it. There is no rea) ground for this apprehension. a formal acceptance of our offer is not signified to us we stand in precisely the same position as before it was made. Even then the affirmative action of the European Powers would not be binding upon us unless Congress ratified the proposal of our Cabinet. This it will not of course do, so long as there is the slightest dan- ger of the intervention of England or France in our domestic quarrels. The fears entertained that these Powers, in the agreement said to have been recently en- tered into between them, have it in contempla- tion to break up the blockade, are, we think, unfounded. The question has been deprived of its international character by the precautions taken by our government. It is not a blockade, but a police control over its own ports that it is now ex sing. Every nation bes the right to close or open to the commerce of the world such ports on its own coasts as it may choose to designate, Even in the ea Japan, where the jealous and exclusive conduct ofthe two governments, and their despotic ih- terference with the inclinations of their own ment of this right, it has always been readily ged and observed. Should the com- necessities of England and France, however, drive them to a violation of it in our regard, we shall not fail to make use of tliat arm of defence which has proved so effective on former ¢ jons. We have forty thousand ing a large proportion of steam- ers, which could be gonye ter nit time jvlo men-ofwwet any privateers. With these we could sweep the seas of the entire acknow vessels, incl eoumerce of gur enemies, The President and His Duty. We are now approaching an important point in the contest of the government with the in- surrection, and are upon the eve of stirring events, which must result either for good or for evil to the cause of the Union. The rebels, flushed with their victory at Bull run, are mag- nifying that affair, and rallying their forces for a desperate effort. The very nature of their position renders it necessary that they should strike a blow before they have lost all the ad- vantage gained in that battle. The scattercd reports of their movements, coming to us from rebel sources, indicate that Maryland and Wash- ington are now the points that command their attention, and that all other movements are feints to draw the attention of the administra- tion and our military chieftains from the real movements near the national capital. Had the Secretary of the Treasury failed in his efforts in disposing of the loan they might have delayed, under the idea that time would weaken us; but now, since his complete success—the prompt and decisive response on the part of the finan- ciers of the three leading cities of the Union placing the government in possession of the means to carry on the war—that delusion will be dispelled, and the administration must be prepared to meet the issue, or all will be lost. The President, the highest officer of the government, whose decision outweighs all others, will be held responsible for the vindi- cation of the constitation, or the destruction of the hopes of ull true Unionists, North and South, East and West, in one of which alternatives this. great struggle will end. Stamding at the head of the government, the nation—yes, the world— is looking to him for a successful guidance of the ship of State through the troublesome waters, the shoals, quicksands and breakers that now beset it. In discharging that important trust So long as | subjects, afforded a pretext for the infringe- | which has been reposed in him he will find that different ideas must control his actions from those which guided him asa lawyer and politician in a country village of the West. He stands at the helm of the government, amid the most severe storm that has visited us since its foundations were laid by the masterly hands of Washington and the patriots of the Revolution Ilis first duty, therefore, is not only to cast off the garb, but drive from his mind the ideas of a pettifogger and a politician, and wrap himself in the mantle of a statesman, cut loose from the influences of the professional politician, and pe a a aw duties of clerkship> in those departments. All that is wanted is to gointo the practical instead of political circles, and the task will be found an easy one. Upon Mr. Lincoln rests the re- sponsibility of seeing that tis is done, and that) too, before those officials throw obstacles in the way of the generals that have’ been called to head the several divisions, and one or all are unavoidably precipitated into another Big Bethel, Bull run or Davis’ creek en vounter. All this must be done without delay, and those departments made to assist ;‘Ustead of retarding the operations of the army f\°em For- tress Monroe to Missouri—to strengthen tastead of supporting a weak blockade. The Pre. tident should stand asa shield between the comman ers of our army and the politicians, that they nwy prepare for an early and glorious victory, aut again enforce the laws from the lakes to the Gulf. He should see that every facility is given to the’ several divisions, and that, guided by some military mind, the whole sheuld move onward at one and the same time, and continue in its march until the last vestige of yebellion is put down. The public are looking to Mr. Lincoln for the accomplishment of this great work; they will hold him responsible for its failure, if that should be its fate; nor with they again permit it to be thrown upon the shoulders of the Cabinct: he alone must answer for it- And now let him cease to be the politician, and perform the duties of the statesman, if he has the ability to comprehend his duties; or at least prove that he is not behind the eneazy and patriotism exhibited by our financiers, who, looking only to the success of the republic of the West, cast aside all prejudices, and deal out their million per day to carry the nation successfully through the struggle for its second independence. The Two Principal Incendiary Journals of New York—Approaching *Martial Law. Our contemporary, the Tribune, is at its old tricks again. The warning it received less than a month ago, from the general condemna- tion by the public of its bogus Washington despatches seems to have taught it no perma- nent lessons. The Jacobin incendiaries of that journal can no more give over resorting: to fic- titious letters, manufactured in their own office, to produce an ephemeral sensation, than:a con- firmed toper can abandon the use of alcoholic discharge the duties of his office as becomes the patriot having in view the interests of his coun- try only. If he possesses the talent, the energy and the will to grapple with the issues im that capacity, then may we hope that brighter days await us as a nation. Unfortunately, the course of the administra- tion up to the battle at Bull run reveals the hands of the politician instead of the masterly statesman at its head. Not a sign save the in structions to our foreign Ministers could be seen that gave us reason to hope that the places so long occupied by the unscrupulous politicians had been filled with wiser and more patriotic men. That disaster appeared to open the cyes of the President; but whether he yet fully comprehends his duty, and has the ability, the energy and the determination to execute it, future events must alone determine. The prompt sum- moning of Gen. McClellan to the command of the army of the Potomac——the man who has the reputation, not only at home, but in Europe, where he is known, of possessing one-of the ripest military minds of the age, having not only studied war as a science, but witnessed warfare ona large scale more than any other man in the country, observing and participating under the most favorable circumstances in the struggle of the allied Powers in the Crimea— is evidence that a favorable change has taken place. Theappointment of Gen. Fremont to the command in the West and Gen. Wool to Fortress Monroe, where he should have been sent months ago, have likewise tended to inspire the public mind with confidence. But all this avails no- thing if they are to be hampered in their opera tions by politicians seeking their own. profit’ The Pattersons, the Butlers and the political fa- vorites at Washington have already injured the cause so much that the hand of the states- men must show itself in other matters before the public will accord to Mr. Lincoln the wis- dom necessary for the hour. When the: Presi- dent presented to Gen. McClellan the list of brig- adier generals that had been selected by the politicians of the several States, stating that they were urged by political infhiences that he (the President) could net refuse, the gallant General replicd that he had no use for a majority of these men in his army except as privates, and Mr Lincoln, after waiting twenty. four hours, in deciding to yield to Gen. McClellan instead of the politicians, again did that for which the people commend him, but they further demand that henceforth he will turn a deaf ear to their counsels. The advice of the politicians amounts to nothing in this crisis; their counsels are like the coils of the serpent to the Presi- dent, and if listened to will crush out the ad- ministration and the nation. All this is well enough as far as it goes; but a herculean task yet remains to be done before Mr. Lincoln will be entitled to the credit of sufficient ability to guide the nation through its trials. No one doubts his honesty or his desire to do his duty, but the wavering and imbecility in his departments must be remedied. The snail like operations of the Navy Department, the inefficiency of the blockade, and the loose- ness of the War Department, require at his hand a rigid investigation and a thorough change. We do not wish to destroy the confi- dence of President in his advisers, but the way some of the officials in the navy haye dis- charged their duty roused serious appre- hensions and the belief that many of them would as Jeff. Davis as Lincoln in the White House, and may well awaken the fears of serious complications with Powers who have exhibited a hypoeritical friendship towards us. Since the develope- | ments of the Potter Inv ing Committee ! we are charitable enough to aceredit to the heads of the depart s honest and patriotic motives; but they took possession of their seve- | ral departments with a set of clerks and officials who had been educated in the tre, } school of Buchanan, Floyd & Company | may have thus been able to defeat the best of plans arranged by their superiors. A great fauli rests somewhere, and it is the duty of the President to search out and correct the eval, His hand should immediately be found at. work in the three important arms of the governosent— the Tréasury, War and Navy Depasiments— and he should see that no person is] eft there who will in the least contribute to the defeat of the plans of the administration. There are practical soon see men enough who can faithfully discharge the drinks. False letters from Kansas succeeded the Slievegammon fabrications; and a series of the most monstrous epistolary inventions that ever were palmed off on credulous abolition readers preceded, for several weeks: the bom- bardment of Fort Sumter. The latest of its dodges and perhaps not the least dangerous, is to be found in pretended letters from North Carolina, Kentucky, and the District of Co- lumbia, in its issues of yesterday and the day previous. They tend directly towards the se- paration of the Union into two republics, and areas pernicious as the diurnal diatribes of the News in favor of secession. The only difference is that the latter paper advocates openly what the former works for covertly. The “special correspondent” of the Trifune from Gatesville, North Carolina, has got hold of a confidential “Belshazzar” who secs “handwritings upon the wall’’—not an oxtraordinary phenomenon in fits of both physical and political delirium! The said Belshazzar, safely ensconced from: harm at his desk in Spruce street, alfects, with the in- tegrity of a Mesmerite medium, to hear “of ru- mors of slave insurrection, all the way south- ward—in South Carolina and Alabama—and believes that the whole Southern fabric: is un- derlaid by subterranean fires that may blaze forth ruinously at any moment.” “The slave owners,” says the pseudo-correspondent, “trem- ble in their shoes,” and “ drunkenness,” “ con- cubinage,” and “cruelty” vie with each other in oppressing—somebody “with a horse and buggy”—for the letter writer does not name any other victim in his specifications of bru- tality. All this is poured forth with the same old sonorous Tribune fervor, which has always distinguished its highest horse attempts at gull- ing, dementing, and misleading the public. It means just what the News.does whin it pitches into the administration for carrying on war to suppress rebellion, and its “cry of horror” in the ears of abolitionists has precisely the same effect as the “indignant denuncigtions” of Mr, Lincoln’satrocities in the columns of the avowed secession paper. We respectfully warn both the Tribune and the News that these things will not do. The people are in dead, serious earnest, in their at- tempts to re-establish the Union upon a coneti- tutional basis. They will not be diverted from their object by either underhand abolition sepa- rationism, or by secession undisguised. The talk about slave insurrections, in which the Jacobins of the Tribune indulge, through the reflected medium of false — corres- pondence, is monstrous and absurd. There never was a period when the slaves of the South were so quiescent, so well treated, and so little disposed to rebellion against their masters. Surrounded by soldiers, with every town aad hamlet excited by the din of arms, they could not revolt against their owners were the provocation never so great. Should they do so, their rashness would be deplored and condemned by every good eitizen North and South. On the other hand the assertions of the News—so assiduously promulgated—that every measure of the government is “a high handed act of usurpation,”’ and that justice de- mands that the seceded States should be permitted to stand aloof from the rest, find no response in the popular heart. Both payers must be taught a lesson, and the sooner it is begun the better. General Banks has proclaimed martial law in Maryland, and General Fremont has followed his example in Missouri. Newspapers have been summarily suppressed in St. Louis for promul- gating doctrines not half so dangerous as daily appear in the Triune and News. It would he well for the government to organize thoroughly the military foree in this State, and to proclaim m nw here, and its first step should be to these two organs of secession, and wation which ave endeavoriag to do so much harm, Groraé N. Sanvers anp-His Accoeyi re- port of 2 motion ia one of the courts to proceed against the sureties of George N. Sanders, as ga defaulter to the governmen’ io the tune of $21,000, was published in yesterday's Heraun. A balance sheet has bean from which it appears the default is only to the amount of $5,2@. Vroiw the splendid style in which the late Navy Agent ap. peared in Washington during the last yoar— driving a beautiful ¢: » and four sptendid sent us, cere enemas of contolling the legislation of Congress, t ¢ election for President, the foreign and domestic appointments 2nd all such matters, we had sup posed that Sanders was a princely defaulter; but instead of that we find he is only a misera” ble picayune fellow, who allows his name to be brought into court for the paltry sum of $5,000. The government ought to give him a clear receipt for the amount, together witha kick on the point of honor, The One Bright Spot in Englana. The report of Mr. John Bright’s speech, which was accidentally omitted in our issue of yester- day, will be found in another column, and we commend it to the careful perusal of every reader as the ablest and most unprejadiced ox- position of'the cotton question, the ob this war and the relations of Great Britain with the United States, that has yet emanated from a trans-atlantic source. Mr. Bright is the only pub- Fic man ia England who seems capable of rising to the dignity of a philosophic statesman in the diseussion of American affairs at the present time: He comprehends the true state of the cree ata glance, aad’ takes precisely the same view EXxcuanae or Prisonens.—The interesting letter which we published yesterday from Dr. Norval, of the New York Seventy-ninth regiment—who, with the other surgeons of the federal army ma, "e prisoners, has be... released on his parole of hour by the Confederate generals, and is now jus t returned from Richmond—is well de- serving o,° the attention of the government. He says he has left upwards of thirteen hundred wounded anc! prisoners of our troops behind him. Dr. Norv, @l bears the most decided testi. mony to the ham, ity and kindness of the ene- my—which is but the uniform testimony of all the wounded and pn soners—but he says these men have the most b, tter feeling against our government on account of its refusal to ex change prisoners aii to , "ecognise the Confede- rates as belligerents, We yote his words:— ‘There is one thing I cannot refra, "from adyerting to— the fecHings of the wounded and ja “Oners towards our government, If the passive treatmma ‘t they are now re- ceiving ig continued and whieh is hea, tile to every prin- ciple of cbviliaed warfare, there will le, Such & howl from those dungeons and hospitals ag will iy felt throughout the whole length and Breadth of the Nook t, aud wouid do more to damage our caase than two suek Dbaltles a9 ab Manassas; besides, it will br the admints- tration the coudemnationof 1 Powersaa ‘n short, the on this subject at prosenr Y of things-as the: gpnservatives of the North de; and as the conservatives of the South would if— no Jongarawed by the reign of terror there— they were’ allowed: to express their opinions, |) Unlike the Exeter Hill or anti-slavery party, he dees not look upon this contest as an aboli- tion war; and; unlikethe government or cotton party, he does not regard it from a purely self- ish point of survey. He tells the people of England that our object isto maintain the con- stitution of the United States, and toact legally a8 it permits and requires, and’ not to biberate the slaves; that’ the war is one to sustain the government and maintain’ the authority of a great nation, and that the people of Englaad, if they are true to their own sympathies, to their own history, and to: their own great emaneipa” tion act of 1834, will have no sympathy for the enemies of the Union. The illegality of secession Mr. Bright’ iiins- trates by an appropriate parallel when he says, “Do you suppose that, if Lancashire and York- shire thought that they would’ break off from the United Kingdom, those newspapers which are now preaching every kind of mode- ration to the government of Washington would advise the government in London to allow these two counties to set up a special government for themselves?” And he again gestions if, when the people of Ireland’ asked that they should secede, was it proposed in London that they should be allowed to secede peaceably ? Referring to the cotton supply, he’ says people tell him there will be a compro. mise, or the English government will break the blockade, se that in any case cotton will be forthcoming. “Now recollect,” says Mr. Bright, “what breaking the blockade means. It means a war with the United States; and I don’t think myself that it would be cheap to break the blockade at the cost of a war with the United States.” He then proceeds to enu- merate the evils resulting from such a collision to the operatives of Lancashire, apart from. the manifest injustice and the violation of all inter- national law which would be. involved. in foreign interference with a legal and effective blockade. He does not hesitate to express: his own belief, founded on an undoubted fact, that the interests of Manchester are more dependent upon the success than the failure of the Wash- ington government, and that the soonor there is peace in America the sooner will cotton be sent to Lancashire. The strongest argument insfavor of the continuation of peace between England and this country is that where. Mr. Bright says that the English government cannot afford to go to war with this country. The vast commerce which belongs to the nation: of shopkeepers would not only be jeopardized, but ruined, by war with the United States; and even if the government was so far influenced by its jealousy of the greatness.of this republic as. to. risk a conflict, the people of England would rise, not only to protest, but to. rebel. And what would be the sequel? The vaunted supremacy of England, would no longer exist. Her shipping would be swept from the seas; her looms would remain idle, and famine and riot would reign in Lancashire. Debt and poverty would accumulate rapidly upon. her Even the throne: itself would be imperilled’ Meanwhile the United States, with a loyal popu- lation of twenty-two millions, and far greater natural resources than Great Britain possesses, would withstand the shock bravely and firmly. We, therefore, can better afford a war with Eng- land than England can with us. From such a con- test we should emerge victorious, and. with the rebellion trodden. out under our feet and the federal authoffty. restored in every Southern State. Mr. Bright silences the criticisms of the Eng- lish press upon: the conduct of the: war, by saying that nothing can be more monstrous than for a people, by no means averse to war themselves, to goon carping and caviiling with what the federal government is doing. THe ad- vises his hearers and the people of England to abstain from applying to the United States doctrines and principles which they. never apply to their own ease. He tells them we have never squandered our money in. such phantom expeditions as the English have been engaged in, and that even in the great emergency of this war for the Union the sum we are going to raise is no greater than is raised in of Great Britain every year during a time peace. We are glad to'find that there is least one statesman in England capable of | forming ® just opinion upon American affairs. and we doubt not that he. expaesses the vie of the great majority of the English people, who are neither trammelled by abolitionisin nor cotton, and whose sympadhies are decidedly in favor of the North. in, their struggle to main- tain the integrity of the republic. 3. Gexerat Burien Sueersepep BY GENERAL Woot.—This is a. chaage which oughé to have taken place leag since, General Butler has proved himselé, to be a very important anil very pompous personage, not unlike a Turkirh Pacha. His. strategy has been wost masterly, but it has been more snecessiql against the newgpapex reporters than against the enemy at Big Betel. He put one uafortunate mensber of the profession, to flight, who never stepped till he got to Baltimore. Lhe great object of his ambition at Fortress, Monrve was te, contral the reports intended for the public journals. ed the same sort of game hefore a nd now he has played himself gat. / man of a very diferent ncitle, aad of tnilitary education, ‘experience and capacity, has taken his place, and we have no doubt will give o mules—and from the magnificent enteycainments Which he gave to all sorts of people, with a view good account of himself if the government will aQord him a fair opportunity, foture commuaication. I had a petition to-Hid Excellency the President from the imprisoned officers Showed i to Gen. Winder, of the Confederate force: & ‘0 said he could not allow it-to withont showing ivtt® the War Department, andif they paseed on it, {was 30 Adams’ Express. Phe prisonors’ anxiously ave sult of this petition bofore giving vent to thelr We must confess that w2’entirelly conus, with Br Norval. The editor of a joumal: ity \ this city, who frequents battle fields, but Min aye makes too goodsuse of his heels to-be mak >@ prisoner, advocates the inhuman and! brag policy of leaving our troops i4ken patgonersa ¢ Bull ran to rot if Southern jails, Buthad\the ' little villain” been captured hiraself, like’ Com gressraan Ely, he wold now, lilethat gentle~ man, odyocate a very different course; We hold that there ought? to be an’ exchange off prisoners at once, including the crews of thee privateers, who, after at, are only enemies: at: sea, as thé Confederate troops are enemies em land. Mamy of the latter have been released: by Generel McClellan, in ‘Western Virginia, om their promise not to take up arms again against: the United States government; and some: cavalry of thé enemy, prisoners in Washiugton,. under the very eye of the government, have’ been set free on the same condition, together with an oath of allegiance, whichis of’ very small consequence. Why, then, hesitate’ to apply the same rule to the privateers? Hang-- ing is the worst use to which men can be put. That the Confederates are entitled:to be-recogy nized as belligerents they have themselves: proved at Manassas; and the best-way is to-cam didly admit the fact, instead of standing -upon a. point of etiquette which is impracticable.’ The- British government, when it waged war against: these States, at the time that they were its sub- ject colonies, proposed to hang ‘the prisoners: who fell into the hands of its generals; but. Wachington, in a brief letter, convinced them: that this was not for their own ‘interest, and they abandoned the idea. The course our go-. vernment is pursuing in this matter is, as Dr Norval observes, “hostile to every principle-of civilized warfare.” The old ides of hanging mon for political offences is now-obsolete, and when we have succeeded in putting down the rebellion the Union will be restored more by our humanity than even by our arms. In the present case the disadvantage of-re- fusing to exchange is clearly on:our side. If our government hang as traitors or privateers the prisoners they hold, the Southern confede~ racy may retaliate, and hang ten for every one” The prisoners held by the United. States are - few; the Confederate States have a large: number. Until the action of our government be- came decided in reference to the: privateers, the Confederate government gave the prisoners they - had taken from us every indulgence. . Now they hold them in close confinement. The effect-om enlistment will be exceedingly bad. Thousands. will shrink from engaging in.a war in which, if! they are taken prisoners, they are-liable to-be- hanged; and if they are already enlisted the-re~ fiction that they may meet so ignominious.a. fate is not likely to add to. their coolness or- courage on the day of battle. It cannot im». prove the Union cause or contribute to-the-suc-- cess of our arms to signalize the-war by:need™ less cruelties or revive the barbarities of legs. enlightened times. Tue Success or tHe Loan.—A_ secessiom, journal in this city holds that the government; loan must fail, because the government must, fail to meet it.as it becomes.duc. Butdnithe» reason the writer assigns he refutes himself. / He says:-—The success of this scheme.depende. upon the ability to float the circulation. Ia?! would be very.easy to do so if trade and industry » were active; but they are not, and no. circulation. i will remain out. When trade is paralyzed all ob ligations seek liquidation.” Now thevery effeat of this loan will be to create trade aad active im dustry, so that the condition of success.la 4 down will-be amply fulfilled. The money ». rowed by-the goyernment is not like so:mu oh money ‘thrown into. the sea, that w 4) not come back again; nor will it: be senh yg of the country. It witl ye speat here: and gig. culating through every vein and urtarye f the body politic, will givea new stimulustote age an internal trade equal to more than:the whole lostitzade of the Sonth, The commoditiv 5 want- ed for the war will give existence? 9 9 new trade. The monoy “will return, agaiis rapidly» and if it should Je wecessary to pay av ty foreign balances, there are ffrom fifty to sevom y millions of specie on liwnd. for that purpo¥ » But the operation of tite (Morrill tariff wilh prevent im* ports, while Enyope cannot dispe jase with our breadstuffs. The, balance will t® erefore be in our favor, eed Europe will baxe’ to pay us gold instead of taking it away. ‘8 .e money bor- rowed by the government *¥ | thus be kept in the causitry, and an extrse rdinary stimulue will bo piven to many benches of domestic trode, te : Ofourse the debt will © inl upon posterity; but the expendituro of fiw » hundred millions, at the rate of a million per day, in the country, mast necessarily revive * business, and render employment and mane y plenty. We are bet- ter able to bear this @ sbt than England. The resources of the couv try are fresh and unim= paired, and they ace vastly greater than. England or Frany: cyer possessed. It ig trae that a latge national deht is something new inonr system. Brit it seenis as if it were neces- sary for the seeuvity of all civilized systems of government. ‘Soine of the greatest statesmen of England hays held that it is her immense na- tional debt that preserves her from revolution, So many %of her population have an interest in | the gov ernment stock that they will always do. | their némost to prevent the overthyow of the | govvernment. Tt appears we waat something jof the same kind t» render our institations | gtable—something that would act as a drags i i ‘ i a