The New York Herald Newspaper, August 15, 1861, Page 2

2 “TWo DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE. ARRIVAL OF THE PERSIA AND BAVAR' Opposition of the British Press to an American Money Loan. Agitation on the Question of the Blockade, It is Denominated ‘Inefficient’ and ‘‘Con- | temptible,” and England and France Invokved to Unite Against It. British Special Letters from the Sent of War. French Imperial Opposition to | the Premier of Italy. THE RACE FOR THE GOODWOOD CUP. Reduction of tac Rate of Discount by the Bank of Bngland. Cotton Dull and Unchanged in Price —Fiour Quiet. - CONSOLS, 90 1-4 A 90 1 &e., &e., &e. ‘Tho steamship Bavaria, Captain Meier, from Hamburg and Southampton, arrived at this port at an early hour yesterday morning. ‘The Ravaria left Southampton on the 81st of July. Her news has, consequently, been anticipated by tho telegraphic reports of the Nova Scotian at Father Powt published in the Henarp on Tuesday morning. Our European tiles by the Bavaria are, however, four days Inter than those received by the Europa, and contain some interesting details of the advices to the day of her departure. The Bavarin has the following specie list — Koauth, Nachod & Kubno ..... W. Schall & Co. M. H. Nesmith & S The Cunard si mailed from L 1 tt tour o'clock PM. from Queenstews th: evening of the 4th inst., arrived here yesterday wilertoon, bringing mails, passengers and specie. ‘The following is the specie list by the Persia-— McLean & Levtz akeman, Betios Snow & Wirgess Bank of the Ma Lyles, Patbauus & Wm. Tyson... eee G.8. Stophensan & Co). Sydney Chapin James Hunter & C BR. P. Buck & C Nesmith & Sons... Wakeman, Demon & Co, Total .. Goorge W. Platt... -$10,000 The advices per the Persia are two days later than those per the Nova ‘cr tian at Quebec ‘he Arago bad reported in England the newso f the frst battic, on the 18th of July, between the Union army and the revels, at Blackburn's Ford. near Manassas Junction, astaiso the partial reat of General McDowell, in order to take up a more favorable position for a revewal of the cen flict. ‘The news was telegraphed from Southampton to London, and rogarded as exciting" by the journals of the metropolis. Lord John Russell bad been introduced to the Touse of Tords, anil took his seat as Farl Russell, of Kingston Rus- sell, in the county of Dorset, and Viscount Amberley, of Amberley, in the county of Glougester, and of A in the county of Meath. uu vicworia, rime Albert and a portion of the royal family will leave Osborne, on the 29th of August, for Ire. land. ‘The Dublin correspondent of the London Times, writing on the 30th of duly, sa The ultra Protestants are scandalized at the Prince of Wales visiting Maynooth on Sunday and being so friendly with Archbishop Cullen, They wonder by whose artful contrivance it was that Maynooth College should be the first public institytinn favored by his Royal Highness with Avisit. Trinity Colixe, (hey say, should be jealour, and the Protestant Association will no doubt express its Andignation in strong language, remembering the alleged slight to the Orangeinen in Canada, ‘The treaty of commerce between England and Turkey, which is to come into operation on the Ist of October, has been laid before Pariiament. No charge is to be made on British produce or goods in British ships passing through the Straits. ‘The reports from France respecting the harvest are not satisfactory. The crop isdefcient and the weight is in ferior, Wheat had risen If, per sack. American red Wheat was more abundant, From Spain we learn that the powder magazine at Villa feliche, in Arragon, had been blown up. One hundred mills were burnt down, and twenty workmen were Killed or seriously wernd ed. A lotter from Constantinople in the Journal de Franc. fortsays:— ‘The new Sultan appears doterminod never to have but one wife. A fow days since the Vatide Sultana, agreeably to old tradition, purchased a young slave, the most beautiful that could be found in the capital, Sho dressed her out in jewels and the richest clothing, and offered her to her son. “Who it that womany” demanded Ab.dul Aziz. “The slave whom, according to custom ,Toffer you op your accession to the threne.’” was the r “T havo noth ing to say to hor,” replied the Sultan; “have T not a wife whom T love? Let me hear no more of such customs and such presonts.”” A letter from St, Petersburg of the 18th of July, in the Independance, says:— It is to be remarked that the considerable mass of corn which supplics the market, and furnishes the consump- tion of the towns and of the army as well as the export ‘trade, comes almost entirely from the labor of tbe rural population only « short time since attached to the glebe— that is to say, from the seignorial peasants; for those of the crown, emancipated in principle, and freer in the choice of their ocecpations, williugiy abandon the plough for the lighter work of Ue countiy or in manufactories, which they find mare advantagevus. But of this great abundance of corn the iandowners posscss the greater part. As they may iinpel or rather force the labor of their pea- sants they frequently use it without mercy, and thus reap abundantly, without, as it wero, drawing their parse strings except in the case of bad years. They could, therefore, reli ‘heir corn on good terms. Emancipation, however, sudden!y changed this state of things, by fixing the number of days’ labor to bo given by the free men for the rent of their jand, Tn certain. localities labor was diminished one-third, and in others one-half, and the pea- fants strictly fulfiiie! their now obligations. The result was, agricultural produce, wid corn in particular, became dearer, Accounts have appeared in agricultural journals, says the London Agrivuliural Gavette, that wheat is affected with rast and mildew to a great extent, This may be true enough of rust as regards white wheat, but it is too early to have much mildew at present, We have seen Tust more prevalent in white wheats, especially in the varicty called Russian whit’ whieh hag red, amooth chaff, than we ever remombor it. It is, however, confined to Particular spots, and while in on: fleld not a single leaf is free, insomuch that a person walking through the wheat is completely painted with tho spores, of w fine rust red, an adjoining (eld, separate only by a hedge, bas not a Fusty leaf. So long, howover, as the rust is confined to the leaf, it is, we believe, pe-feotly harmless, The sales of cotton in Livorpoolon Saturday, the 24 inst., were 6,000 bales, the /narket closing dull at un. changed prices. From Portugal we learn U.at the war budget bad been carried through the Cortes, The Italians in Lisbon «oo making arrangemonte for a solemn bigh mass for the 50.1 of Cavour, but the ecclostas. Lica! authoritice were Btrot. ly opposing the movement, The number of persons imyrisoned ip consequence of the late outbreak at Loja, Spain, waa 309. Advices from Warvaw assert that the office of Governor General of Voland will bewuppressed. Goneral Lambert ‘the military Governor, will be entrusted with the port! folio the Wuierior. 1 ix mino asnerted that Gen. Lipran- Gi will be ayiyiintes eommender-in-chief of the army of the kingtom f Vuiaud, and M. Wilopolaki President of the Cruneli A Pate. The celebration of any more fue Fal servicwe in hows “SF Vion nue Prince Adam Cuartarysk hhad been yrobiinies at “Vermow The Lintin Mera of un tut Jy ayn Us be mastrunan Vath nyiaih, Sas Vine Ball, late wom: vor} on the 3d ong 600 2.600 FROM HAVRE, NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, AUGUST 15, 1861. munder of the Great Eastern, has been appointed general manager and representative of the Tntercolonial Royal Mail Steam Company in Australia and New Zealand, and hos taken bis departare by the last mail steamer for sydney. 7 Accounts have beon received in Paris from China and an to the Lst and 12th of Juno respectively. ‘The rebel army was committing great ravages in the neighborhood of Nankin, the English, who were at Schin-Kiang, op- posed thetr advance. ‘They had already menaced Ticn- tain, but the combined action of the European forces wig able to defend that important position and provent them from approwching it. The utmost tranquillity prevailed at Pokin, and hopes were entertained that tho Empcro would shortly return to his capital, Accounts from St, Petersburg state that the Russiang aro highly satistied with their commercial treaty with China, Another caravan lately left Kiakhta for Pekin, Moreover, one of the partners in tho most !mportant firm. of the town of Kin-Sin-Ti had arrived at Kixkhta to con sult M. Starsova, a Russian merchant, on a visit which he propores to make to St, Petersburg, to open brauch estab. shments in that «ity. He remained three days at Kiakhta, examining everything with great curiosity and Paylug visits to different families, ‘This was the first time a Chiness hat visited the town, but it 18 not doubted that the example would be followed, The Austrian goyernmont has just suspended the per- ssion accorded to manufacturers of arms to send off, without special anthorization, small packages not exceed ing six of each sort, No reason is given for this measure, ‘The Havre journals state that the harvest has com mencet in that neighborhood with favorable weather. ‘The wheat is quite ripe and of good quality. ‘The Northern Whag (Ireland), referring to the reports of 1t8 correspondents on the subject of the potato crop— some isolated cases of the divease haying produced aux ely among the farmers in Ulster—procoeds:— still meline to the coaviction that the Irish potato of AS6L will be the Onest we have seen for n quar- ter of a century, and that the yield will be abundant im quantity and of excellent quality, A return of fine weather for a month wonld make the fortuno of the Trish armer, All other crops are flourishing apace. Somo flax is Inid by the heavy rains, and in white wheat a Yow cases of rust are reported. ‘The wet weather has cansed a heavy return from the meadows, and the hay will be aubodant, ise, ifwe have sun to ripen it, and fodder will, in that case, be very cheap next season. All root crops are reported as in most tuxurinat condition. ‘The Edinburg arrived at Queenstown and the Arago at Southampton on the forenoon of the 24 inst ‘The Cunard Company had sold the Jura to the Canadian Company, and she will henceforth run in the Quebec line. THE AMERICAN REBELLION. Opposition to a United States Loan in Lon- don—The Question of Contrabands of | War and Neutrality in Partiamen | Condemoation of the Federal Blockad | and Complaints of British § Cup. tains—France 1 England Likely to Break the Blockade—More English War Vessels for America=K ingston, Canada, to be Dectared » Naval Station for the | pithow, Wes, be. | HOPrks OF THE KEBEL COMMISSIONERS IN EUROPE | The Paris corresnow tent of tho Independence Belge states | that the Jet Davis Cowmissioners im Europe bad stil } hopes of the vital ceeogmition of the independence of | the Southern states ~y Fagland and Franco He adds | that these venttemen aay ve tuo sanguine iu this respect, bot that have grounds for the opimon ta the feehng caused in both countries by the imconvemences of of the ports of the South ‘Th writer adds that the study of the actual sity of affairs in America engages attention every day more | And more abd the continent of Europe, where this grave question has already beon treated in every pomt of view. the blocka | Mr Ernest Petlot, of the Mmories, im a pamptiot just published, proves that if the war in AmoFic’ 18 protouged it will ¢ Feavy losses tothe Powers of Gur more part fo’ France and England, on account of the intimate rela culations existing between th parts iarly with the Southorn portion of th tes, which furnishes these two Powers with the rtof the cotton aud tobacco necessary for their gieater p manufactor GERMAN ANNIETY RESP! Our Pertin cor states that the anxioty 1 th TING THE WAR ISS pondent, citing on tho Sst of July, th. ‘russian capital respecting war nows from America was intense, The probable ts of General Scott and the tactics of Beaures e canvassed in every place of general resort, and the pography of the United States has been studied an all cil informed eirvles most attentively, The people sym. | pathized with the Cnron cause, or rectus 1 A UNITRY STATES LUAN, The Loudon Temes gives place in its City Article to an AnonymoLs Jetter, calling attention to the proposed Ameri can lean, ane BL gpeeting that Prish subjects taking part fo it will offend the neutrality proclaimed by government. ‘The Trine: editorlly appends the following comment — The annexed communication relates to the possibility an Atiempt to race a portion of the proposed Americ vilwar leap in this country. 1t48 not to be supposed , U8 of influence would be found og to act as agents Mm such an operation, fraught as would be with every ent of danger to th iv as well j ver shail be rehabilitated by the return, coin yilsory or vol the Southern States ondon Advertiser aSserts that it 1s aseered b: well inform @ correspondent that the Northern States of America bave mice an agroomont by which it is intended to ignore vi! bliek: of Use 1 ct the dies on the part of the North agaist all fern movem w however, that any wi a From the Ls ratd, (Lord Derby's organ) July 31.] Not thy ment should be even to the negatinty: au in this inarket, and a} thouch be made to raise the monoy, 2 as nit lelien | they il be successful, The losses incurred from 1 securities, which have from titae to and it ts probable yshares will be fur e of the se nus and rajlwa the influen vemeni she ‘been fully exhausted. 9 Whatey y beth sivantig- offered or the terms pop thg the federal authorities to raise supptics, willdo well to Weigh the prospective results of the #8 be e they enter into it, {Yrom the London Chrontele, July 91 new toa required by the Northern ‘section of the nited States of tmerica will, we are told, be ne tiated in Lon tan, if poss bie, within the ensuing fortnieht, The negotiators on bth sides of the Atlantic will, course. taka care of themselves. Their bi‘ ‘ings”? be determined stmply. spon the prospect that ma for their transferring the serip at a satisfactory premium to other partis, who will accept the risk of obtainny eith r interest or principal for thoir investment. We trust tha! the British puble will offer no encouragement ev-n to the most speculatire money broker toembark in such anen- terprise. 1 they do, it mast be thoroughly understood that the Cansaction’ ig risked eutirely upon thelr own responsibility The lenders of the money have in- curred ail the risk with thoir eyes opon If, bere. after, they should Mind their interest in arrears, and ‘their principal in poril, they cannot justly demand from thelr own government even so mich inter- vention aa consists in the transmission of an oxpoatulatory and ‘indignation’ protocol—tmuch less could they oxpoct that the diplomatic relationship between the reapretive governments shonid, be complicated, and perhaps: acidu lated, for the sike of obtaining payment of their clams loan is stil progp-ctive, and the money of British capitalists stil} burns in their own pocksts, we may ad dress them aa Dean Swift addressed his congregation 1n the simplest and most eloquent sermon ever preached — “If you like the security, down with your dust Other. wise not, ant in any case it must be fully understood that the English nation and tts responsible government can not be asked to prt Uemselees out of the way in order toc Mect dls which a few Enghshmen have allinved the United States gorernment w iucut for their own profit and at their own ris {From the Any attomy London Herald (City Article), August 3] to raise money for the federal government sted, and the (eoting among capital is rtainly averse (0 supporting such an operation — ‘The is Of powerful banking ficms ia New York have realy arrived in this country, and others, tt is stated, wi)! follow, with the express object of endeavoring to ne | gorate terms for placing a port of stock to be created. | 11 the pat Fr, will only do themselves justic they pore Driant @pportunity of resent ing the | y have suifered 1m « pecuniary point of view at (he bands Of American speculators and American | adventurers Repndiation a its worst form might ensue, if, after the Loan were megettated, an arrangement between the North a Sowh for anamrcable adjustment should te affected. ‘The best wiy to avord any diftteulty iu this re spect, will be to refuse fluancial assistance either to the federal authorities or the representatives of the Contede. rate States — TO THR EDITOR. eads the fre So says the adago As far us ! ani concerned it will hold good, But as far as the heavy per ge c ‘alists of this American fleeced and Amorican-lisvited country are comprebended its vitality isquestionable. If our moneyed men can condone previous repudiativd they deserve ty be met with a repetition of it, and 1 could ultnost wish its second administration as a just Punishment for the neglect of the warning of experience. Let the publte press do vs duty to the country by conunued reiterated cautvons against the folly of subscriting & a van on the faith of Yankee * promises 0 pay— promises des Uned, in my opinion, to meet the fate of previous expe. renee. America bas already too much of English capital jp her raiiroads and eanals, for which she bas paid nothing to her Enghsh creditors. Let her do justice to our previous liberality, and recoguise aud pay off old Scores, before she makos another appeal for the assistance and liberality of the old country to carry her through her Seif infheted difficulties and embarrassments With the philactery of repudiation on her os frontis surely none but the shami ‘ess face of Yankeedom ‘could hazard another appeal to injured capitalists and an insulted country. In playing tho bully and in the assumption of swaggcr she never had an equal, and it is time she met with a rebuke in the only sensitive part of her vulnerability—a rebuke which our aristocracy of mouey now has the power to inifict—namely, by throwing her on other than English resources for uniary redemption from her present | Lg ith so fine a fleld as that presented by our Indian cansis and railroads, now for A burnt child The yield of oats and straw will be | i q to our friendly relations with the | | has very i } ton ‘apital to complete them, and offering so princely a return as their complotion is sure to do, any grasping after an extra 1 per cent., based only on the promise of, our trangatiantic cousins (facts would well justify a Jeu de mot in the substitute of cozens) will show a reckless indifference to security, a gross neglect of previous oxpe- Tience, a recognition of the justness of the rufianism of the anti English American press, and a want of self-respoct and patriotism that is grievous to contemplate by every right Ininded, honest and non-repudiating Englishman, “I hope the press will do its duty, doprecate English gubscripton, and save English widows and orphans from beggary by American dishonesty ARGUS. Livekvoor, Aug ust 1, 1851. ND AND FRANCK UNITED AND IN ACCORD ON p AMERICAN QUESTION —THBY ARE TO CO-OPERATE BY SEA AND LAND. apie (August 1) correspondence of London Post. } ‘The civit'war in America, it is believed, is about to con- Solidate ane cement still closer the alliance between Enyland and France. ‘Tho British Cabiuet, it 1 to-day announced, is in close and eonstant correspondence with that of the ‘Turtories. ‘The aileged object is the establisument or the “inauguration” of a combined action on the part of the two governments towards that of Ainerica, This co-onera tion as lo be prosecuted on both sea ana land, and it is added that a perfect understanding on the sulyect has already been arrived ai, THR BLOCKADE “INBPPICIENT”’ IBLE.” {From tho London Herald (Lora Derby's organ), Jely 29 | ‘The captain of the British ship Roscoe, arrived at Laver pool from the Mississippi, has addressed a question to the Temes which we May as Well answer. He asks whether the samo privileges are conceded by the United States Kov-rmment to British ships.of-war us are at present ex ised Dy the ships of-war of the federal goverument? at is to say, were We at war with France or any other antry Wool! the federal government submit’ to tha ding aud warning olf the coast of American morchant AND “CONTEMPT: veasuis by Reiush ships of war, the Freach or other sea board being ut the ime under strict blockade. Wo have only to say that ig the case of the” Rus Sith Wor the bleckades established by British naval citecrs in the Baltic were respected by wiluations, aud by the Americans among others, and bad fy American merchant vessel abany time attempted to ce way buitie blockade much the same course would ve becn pursed by the boarding Hritish officer as was ken by the American boarding atlicor, whose notith Lion the eaptarn ob the Roscoe evidently i mipted right of the weakast as w to maiutain @ blockade of an mys coast, and ty board aud warn offal vessels which imay attempt to fares the blockade; and were we to dispute the right of thy federal government, or any to manta a Hockade, we must be Just as, Where the Tedoril government or any othor to dispute our right to elose the ports of any nativi with whem we were at war, (hoy aise, as a conseque Kd at once become involved in the contest. it so Woll nto med on this point are the officers of the mercantile marine that we suspect the captain of the Roscoe has not pat tis question in a form which brings Oothis meng He cannot be ignorant of the Paris de rations of 1866, which require that blockades to be lective must bo maintamed by a sutticient fv bit Mt 48 Hot improbable that hs meaning whether the tederal government would recog Baiuish blockade of an enemy t wore Uh 20 Mevvoughly meficient and contemptible as thal which vs mintained at present to the south of Ballimore, by such Ps qf war as the federal gonornment have at ther du po sal, anil by the chartércd vessels they have armed, bul which are wyft for war. I Unis is the question tha Hy asked, We are eqraliy informed of the course which ine federal government would take im such a case American merchint vessels would be sustained by the feieral government in ronning sneha blockade, au fn American appeal might be made to the Paris declara- the fraudulent attempt—fur it would be -—toobstinet the lawful commerce of neutral nations. Harn the Italian war, whon the King of Naples (hor ght of blockading the Neapolitan ports, an Amoricin vessel forced an eutranee, and was subsequently idenini fled for the loss sustained’ by seizure, the federal govern that such a Dlockade—he Mockade uf’ ana wainst dliens—wds without the sant yf course, uvatid... When sui sted successfully by the federal apparent wi the determination RE Would be Were we to attempt to mauatar n blockade sitavar ots own Of the ports of Aurope im a war against the Buropern uow auswered the ileral and the probably in question of the captain ef the Roscoe, we nuiy as well birh Lo his letter, as the question of the biocka 0 of the cottou ports has boon grossly mismanag soln Ressetl, es, before loug, to involve us in serious complicat ‘the captain’ says, “My sbip ‘ «oof Uhe Mississippi on the 8th Jane, bound tor Lay fod was boarded by the ollicer of the nated Sta hattan, wh aded my register.”” ‘The seo HAS ACH We prosime, arrived in Liverpool, as well as the enptaa {the point to whieh we beg to call attention & Unt the arrival of the vesselin Liverpool proves that the bieckade ef the cotton ports i inepera ve and aot in ¢ ity to the law of nations But the tumber of slip foreed the blockade both WAYS 18 Said ible, and the federal goveru Tent, also i contravention of the lawof mations, have, Woil Known, granted trating Heences to American present Cine between some of the ts With all the peace privileges and immunt peculiar to the American cousting Lrade, A more dis- eredutabte and unsatisactory state of things for thes country can scarcely te conceived. If vt can be made out that any Uockarie rs mefivven! not a single prise canbe comidemned; but i urpese of the federal government to make: tho ships must ultimately be released owever, does hol suit our purpose, for the risk of capture and detention has practically for ‘the mo- ment deetro. and knowledge of this and the ip tie blunder, which may iny turing the rece cly tore to dodo with Lord John Rissell’s revirement trom the House of Commons than 1s generally supposed Lord John Russell point vernment il of the tetera! in Fproe stip te tho wily Wescorn lawyer into whose hands the dest of the United States have fullen—and he has, 1n plain hy bee are ly overreached, We need not at present go int Rossetl's Ame the details of Lord John jean pohey, bat the Key toit is, perbaps, and in a very pa sion on the cotton ques: Lord Jobn, after finding that the Am iI were really serious, has, we suppose, like many others, come to the conctision that eventn diy ttle or no harm can come tous ent of an indefinite prolorg sion of the Jean War, as, if the American supply of cotton fails, WH yossessions, in many parts, will protit acti the grout manuficturng staple It toandanon on which Lord. John Russell 4 bis undynified and disastrous policy, he must knew htte of the depoutence of Manchester on the cotton States. With the seppage of the Ament can supply q colton, Manchester, from sheer necessily, | muse fail to reces inatter What the supply of cotton'from ty moulime a 1a, or the Cape, or Jamaica May be m the | were so great an interest to be destroyed stability aud evedit of the nation, we need scarcely would be put to a Urying test, American cotton gve8 to Manchester whit no other cotton gives—at gives t , aed the © elit given bas, as a rule, been stretebel: to widest limit’ Ten’ thousand pounds of Ame.tean cotton may be spun and woven in oue Manchester iwtory ia a day, and the spinning and Weaving are uo seoner over tan tho yarn or cloth is soli ant drawn for, and the proceeds placed to the colton spinner tonal is wi be on every jot wo tt of th spinner Ths oxtr: bank account vit Lhere is we chased, sand Further, if the raw ma ear credit of sixty days if ten thousand pounds jy at the end of sixty days a cash capital in hand of £100,000, 'y System of credit which-has grown ap the cotton States and Manchester is what Lord® b Russell and many others have overlooked ; and whea. the usal supply of "American cotton and credit fails, Mauchester, we fear, will have uo choice but tosuccumb. Cotton, supplied in large quanvties and on convenient ter in: credit, can aloue sustain the fabric. A more ac- curate knowirdge of the cotton trade, and @ course of American pobey i harmony with precedent and the law of nations, would have averted such alternatives, and perhaps checked the progress of the civil war, but now, We must trust tochance. Lord John Russell's Armeri- Cau policy Must How bear its fruits, anda cessation of the war or the intervention of other Powers seem, at the moment, ow only prospect of escape from serious social and commer: al trials. [From the London Shipping Gazette, August 1.] ‘The blockade oF the Southern States and the manner in which it is eff: ctud by the federal squadron are circnm- stances whieh have begin to attract considerable atten- ‘tien in this cquutry, and can hardly fail to lead to some de- d course of action on the part of the governments of England and France, and possitly of Spain. The priuci- ple that a blackado to be a blockade must be effective has been fully recogmzed by the American government, and itisthe plain duty of the feading maritime States 0 Enrope, whose commerce 1% everywhere, to seo that it is adopted on the American seaboard, Several compiaints have ceached sof boardings and searchings of British ve sels by the cruisers of the federal government, occasion. ully, we may besieve the complainants, accompanied by ton the part of the American officers. which seems hardly jnsuifable. Two British vessels with their cargoes—numely, the Tropic Wind and the Hiawatha— have been condemned by the District Courts of the States, on the coast of which they were captured, and so ques: tionable have the decisions of the judges of those courts appeared, that these cases have been reterred to the Su preme Court of the Union, with what resuit does cot as yet appear ‘The federal government is bound by the existing law of maritime blockade, und they will be expected to com. form to iby the European Powers If pot, it will be the duty of those Powers to wee that the commercial i which claim the protection of their fags are neither mo. Tested mir anterfered with on the pretence of a breach of Llochade It has been stated that Admival Milne, commanding on the West India station, finding hinself placed ip a post ton of difficulty, and in. the neighborhood of operations, the propriety of which be does not exactly comprebend, has Whitten home for imstructions =We are pot, as yet, aware what may be the decision of the government in reference to the very important question raised by Ad mirai Milne's despatches, but this we will venture to say, that there will Leno retreat on thepartof our government From the prince lard down in the declaration of Paris retatere to the effectiveness of Uockades, and wo bave every reason to believe that Mivisters will havo, ip the enforce. ment of thm policy, the hearty co operation of the French go vernment, Less than this cantiot be expected from the go. vernment of States who lead the maritime commerce of the world, and are bound to see that no impediment shall be east In the way of the operations of that com merce, except such a8 18 Hatural to state of war, and sanctioned by the usages of nations If the naval re sources al the disposal of Mr Lincotn and bis colleagues enable them to establish and maintain an effective block- ‘ade along the vast seaboard of the seceding States, well. No foreign flag has a right to break such blocka:le, and no such violation of a recognized right will be sanctioned by the European Powers, and especially by Fngland and France. Bat if ft shall appear that the Southern coast is not effectively blockaded, but that, nover. theless, seizures are made on ‘the bigh seas of British’ or French vessels and their cargoes, on pre. tence of having broken a blockade never fairly catablished, then it will be the duty of France and England, at whatever hazard, to maintain with all their er the freedom of the seas, and to cast the responsibility of any collision that may occur on those who wantonly provoke xt, by a disregard of those obligations which the code of in- coulcn we apn d nas a! ternational law imposes on all maritime States. We do ‘not say that the necessity has actually arisen for action 60 prompt and decided on the part of England. We have strong hopes that the conflict in the United States will not be prolonged. Rut we cannot disguise from ourselves that events have occurred and acts have been committed which, if they bo repeated, ‘will render @ decisive move- ment on the part of the Englishor the French governnient, or of both combined, imperative; and if the occasion arises, we believe neither government will be found to hesitate in the course it should adopt. ALLEGED OUTRAGE ON A BRITISH CAPTAIN BY A BLOCKADING VESSEL. ‘The Liverpool Mercury says:— The ship Bramley Moore, Captain Williams, arrived at this port on Thursday, July 25. She left Mobile May 30, and on June 9 was boarded by au officer and men from the United States gunboat Massachusetis, who took Cap- ain Williams trom his own ship and detained himfor pwards of an hour, ‘The Massachusetts reported having ptured upwards of thirty vcasels, among which was the ‘thshire,from Mobile for Liverpool, which vessel had been allowed to pass by the blockading frigate Niagara, and at the tine of her capture had ben nine days at sea, THE ENGLISH FLEET FOR THE AMERICAN COAST, [From tue Loudon Times, August 1.) The Bulllog, six, paddle, Cominayder M'Killop, at Portsmouth, is under orders to proceed to Halifax, taking out supernumeraries for the Mersey and other ships on the station. She 1s expected to go out to Spithead on Monday next, The Diadem, thirly two, in the Sound, is ordered to em bark stores for Halifax, and thea proceed to the West In dea, KINGSTON, CANADA, TO BE MADE A NAVAL STATION, [From the London Past{(qoverument organ), August 2.) Advices from Cauada cf the 19th ult, mention Uhat Kingston, mn addition to boing a military station, 1= soon to be made 4 naval one also. Tis sid hal an ariay and toe | Lilla (consistant with treaty stipulations) will be employed sn Canadian waters, ‘This contemplated meagure ap: pears to afford satisfaction there RIFLED CANNON AND A. UNITED STAT CONTRABANDS OF WAR, In the House of Commons, on thy 20th of July, Mr. iregory asked whether the First Lord of tie Treasury had received any information that goods contraband of war, among other things a baitery of artiliory, hat conveyed from this country to New York in the steam. Kangaroo, and that a loan for the United States government had ten « A upon the Stock Exchange? 10 80, Was this in accorwauce with our principles ef noa- intervention’ Lord Palmerston replied that no was not personally cog- tof the matters to which the bonorable member red, but that, should hey arise, they would, of course, be dealt with by the government (Report of London Telegraph. | Me Gregory asked if the uoble ford at the head of the government were aware that contraband of wor, ta the shape of a battery and rifle cannon, was reported to bay arrived at New York by the Kangaroo, one of Inuy Hine of Liverpool steam States government was to be opened on th nd if 80, whether such proceedings wi with the noutratity which had been country, Lord Patmerston—t am not personally cognizant of the maitors to which the question relaies. ‘They wilt be deste wilh accordiag to the Jaw, of course [Report of London Standard] Mr. Grogory wiehed to ask the nobie lord if he was aware that contraband of war—namely ,a battery of rifled cannon—had been received in New York by the steamstp Kangaroo, one of the Liverpool line; and also whether a Joan of the United States government was abril te be m trotuced on the Stock Exchange of this country, and if 90, whether that was in accordatice with the proclaimed neu trality of Unis country Lord Palmerston said he was not personally cognizant of either matter, ENGLAND BELIEVES THE WORK OF WAR COMMENCED IN REALITY—HOW SHE FEELS TOWAKDS TIL HKLI- GERENTS, [From the London Times, August 1.] Work, and not display, 13 now tho order of things in the United States. teat bosiness of war has begun, ant men ba dy forgotten the phase of Kpevelt making and flag Waving, of culls for universal sympathy, and anger at not obtauning tt isa relief to” find that the captionsness and instability with regard to Uns | country w! first weeks of the war have almost passed uway. The course taken by) the Briiish fovermment is new recognised as most just and Gilting, and oven the comments of British socity are taken in good part’ The Northerners scem ut“ lust to under stand that when two adverse comuumities are in arms sympathy with the one involves antinathy to the ofrer When an army entors a hostile territory to conquor its defenders and cooree its ivhabt LOAN.AS | 18 ra, word that the loan of the United Stock Exchange; «in aveordanee ‘ociamed by tanta, i is ampossitle to destre the sucrees of the invaders without dexiring the defeat of the invailed. * Now, we having no quarrel wilh the pepleof the Crnfederate States, did mot think it our duty lo cheer on their enemies. Th any misfortune caused by famive, or pestilence, or fire, even barbarous foes hke the Indians of the frontier, American community would have the sympathy of Euglishmen, but, as the North now tacitly acknowledges, any display of partisanship on our part against the south would have been most angenerous and offensive. The in feeling, however, which has evidently taken due less to reflection on the matter itself than to place the absorption of men’s thoughts by move earnest bust fess In the first days of the war, as in the first days of all wars, there was nothing but excitement and specuia- on, enthusiasm and appr hension — Tt ‘was a time | of vague passion, which had not yet en concen- The North has now its army, and feels the greatness and responsibility which an army brings with it, Em Darked 1n carnest on a great war, it bas nO tum: to trou able itself about the opinions of its neighbors, which, as in private life, are ubualiy the study of idiencss, Sinco the meeting of Congress the bills for the Guancial support of the war have been the chief subjects of discussion, The liberality of Congress has been as unprecedented as its unanimity — Indeed, #0 enormous have been the arma. ments and the supplies voted in a fow days that one ts almost disposed to fancy Congress has determined on a sation”? budget. inorder to strike terror into the se- uists by a display of endless dollars. ‘The Northern. ors plainly feel that the whole power of their States must bo used, and all their credit pledged, if the rebellion is to be crushed, The expenditure of a vast sum may be a good investinent, while a smatler outlay will only be money thrown away Accordingly, millious of doliars are voted with an alacrity to which even tho British Parlia- ment has hardly attai But if Congress votes large suma,and the exceu! spends them, the Northerners will certainly waut thing for (hig money President Linco and Ger Scott will be exp-cteiflo prosceute the war vigorously, and, if report is to be beheved, the hour of action was ap proaching. ‘The march and victories of General McClellan have filled the Uniomsts with joy, and the al fortune of one or two former encounters 18 quite forgotten in the hopes wh: this brihant opemng of — the campaign inspires. Whether the advance be made from the Potomac, or the campargn begin from the direction of Fortress Monroe, it canuot be dovbted that the fighting will be desperate on both sidvs. ‘Ibe secessiomst chiels— mostly officers of the regular army—may be sud to fight with haiters ronnd their necks, apd all that. their vigor, their ascendancy over the multitnde and thetr undoubted military ski!l can do will be done to carry on the war with success The chief obstacle to efficiency on the Southern side seems to be the laxity of discyphne, the men who Lave been reared in a slave country having a kind of in- capacity for that ready and mechanical obedience which < hecessary to keep a regiment from degenerating into a band of free companion. On this gipsy lke mdopen- dence the government at Washington relies inuch for the ruin of the secessionist cause, EFFECT OF THE WAR ON THE TRADE OF FRANCE, {Paris (July 27) correspondence of Londgn Times. Trade is dull. ‘There 19 no demand and much uneasiness prevailing among the manufacturers, This state of things is attributable to the cessation of orders from America. The official returns from the General Directory of Franco give tho following facts as the result of the civil war on the American continenk—In the first balf year of 1861—Wino exported to America, 1,280,000 gallons, Agamst from 2,500,000 to 2,560,000 i former years Alcohol, 325.000 gallons, against 666,675 in 1860, and 1,130,400 im 1869. The other articies of oxport present the game, and in somo instances a greater proportion of dee! During last month (July) busmess with the United States seemed w have come to a dead stop. MR. RUSSELL’S LETTERS TO THE LONDON TIMES. HE CONTINUES IN WASHINGTON AND BEHOLDS A FOURTH OF JULY. CELEBRATION. Wasutvaton, July 12, 1861. I arrived in Washington the evening before the meet- ing of Congress, On my way I had been amused by se ing grave men enter the car with long wands and old bulging projections at the end thereof covered with bright paper, which [ was informed were rockets—in fact, the citizens were preparing for their great jubileo, the Fourth of July, and fathers of families were providing for the wants of thoir families in Catherine whocis, Roman candles and blac lights all along the line.” But for the density of the crowd before Willard’s and tho other hotels along the great avenue which runs from the State Department and the American White- hail to the unfivished pile of the Capttol, one fa miliar with Washington would not have perceived any indications that the most important session of the United States Congress that ever took piace was on the eve of being opened He would, indeed, have seen many soldiers: in the streets, many fags floating from the houses, com missariat carts ancl the various wagous of volunteer regi ments rattling over the stones, and all the signs of war or of a great military demonstration, but there were no placards on the walls—no parades of pamphlets and speeches, such as might have been seen in ghe garlict part of the contest, while there was yet room fortargu ment, and men’s minds were vehicles of debate. The tollowing morning opened with all the unaccus- tomed pomp of martial display, the blasts of trumpets, the roti of drnms, the roar of distant guns, the tramp of men reverberated through the bighways, and the New York regiments passed in review before tho President and many of bis Ministers m front of the White House. BOW PRESIDENT LINCOLN, GENERAL SO0TT AND SKCRETARY SEWARD APPRARED AT THR PARADE. What a change since tho beir of England stood thero by the side of one who may prove to be the last Pesident of the United States—united at least,as a voluntary entirety. ‘The feeble courtiiness of Mr. Buchanan is replaced by the straightforward purpose and energy of Mr. Lincoln, on whose broad shoulders bas fallen the grievous legacy of his predecessors vaccillation and errors, and the letters, despatches and messages which burtured civil war are succeded by speeches to armed legions, who are about to end it by vouquest or in defeat It is probable the English public aro already familiar with the lines of the sallow, long and strongly marked taco of the present President, which to me 43 Indicative of shrewdness, honesty and some love of bumor, the eyes are deeply set, dark, not very bright, but penetrating and kindly, the tall lank body, set_on ‘long loose legs, with powerfol arms swinging by hissides, is inclined with a slight stoop forward, aud in his movements, if there be not much grace, there is no lack of vigor. Beside him, towering over the crowd and topping even the Preatdent, stands General Scott, the veteran, but for whom it is not too much to say, in'spite of heaven born warriors and citizen soldiers in civil life, just as Cabinets. exist io the militia aud voluntecr regiments, the Prosident would probably not be thero at all, Tho bold leonine (rent Of tbe man, the massivo bead and broad forebead, a re a nt the full fue eye, the mouth broad and distinctly cut, and the square resolute chin arrest atfontion and recall the types of some better known commanders; but Aine are justly proud of one who ina military career extend ing beyond half a century has been uniformly successful, and who has not been ‘less fortunate in any diplomatic or political functions he hus undertaken to dischary ‘The Virginians, who burnt the house in which he was born lest it should see tho birth of another traitor, and who changed the name of a gounty in their State called after him to that of Davis, will not do him any harm with posterity, His look and manner indicaty that his mind is still vigorous, though the snows of seventy- six winters have wreathed their honors round his brow; but when the towerlike frame and great torso are set in motion, there is a fecbleness in gait and a want of power in the limbs which show that age and wounds and hard labor have taken their hostages and securities, When ono turns to the keen, clear face of Mr. Seward, strongly reminding us of Mr. Douglas Jorrold, the contrast between the military character, a8 developed in the prin- cipal support of the Cabinet and of the Union, and the ilan element displayed in. the statesman who is con- sidered to be the best politician for American purposes in tho ministry is very striking. IMPRES“IONS PRODUCED BY THE MILITARY THSPLAY, The march past of the troops would not be thought much of by the critic in such matters who has soon the vivacity of the French allure, the measured beat of Aus trian infantry, the automaton precision of the Muscovite line og the solid tread of the British battalious, but when it was known that theso regiments had ben called out at afew weeks’ notice 4s volunteers, und were equipped aud sent toa government which, last’April, had nvither men, money nor credit, and was now at the’ hoat of an enor mous army, with all the resources of the Free States of America at its back, the moral force ef the factoverwh ina ed all the Little excoptions to. uniform arms and tha: which time atoue can give—tigcipline, The American el mout ia hot as yet so largo in those troops as one would eve & tight to expect im American troops; aud when the Tuetian and Otter foreign compaules threw bouquets and sprigs ‘of green on the estrade and at the feet of the President and the General, the vivas uttered in various ton cuss were the charters of the emigrants to treetom, and tho rebuke of those Americans who would accopt the labors and the blood of thes» mon, and refuso them all right save that of living in ant dying for the Union, Lot as Pass over the noise and crop.tucions of the day, which were like a protraction of a botmbardmont at Cremorne, or of @ battlepiecs in fireworks in bygone Vauxtat!t ‘Tho Congress sat and clectod thoin officers, and the ramor went forth that tho moss ige would be delivered in the mor in front the din s were quiet, bat it was reported the enemy made a demonstration tu the morn ing which was not persoverod in. ‘Thors has boon many orn jr ophecy falsified, and the 4th of duly, 186) has sven the Cpouing of tho’ thirty seventh Congress of the United States, A NIGHT VISIT TO THS CAMP OP THE NEW YORI TWELFDL At vigbtf visited the camp of the New York Twelfth and a crowd of weil dress st peo! y of actual military lite, stroll miaie pated with lata! never tired of the We mbOUL aMIOng thie iraental bands, of gatety, and Hed to with regime ¢ was 1 yaad » Asan instance of the good conduct of say tha the Colonel gave all the men teave, en masse, for the day, up to four o'elock. At that hour every man had returned oat of the 900 except two, who aftecws appeared much vonused with lager bier And this 1s a large city, with many grogshops, aad syirits very eheap and dreadfully intosicating. ‘fac sick list shows Unirly invalels, mostly suileriny from diarrhaes, On the surgeon's lable lay returis furnished by Professor Henry Smithsonian, to be filled op with statstieal facts'as to the birthplace, age, heht, weight and size of, est, &e., of the men he sheet I looked at referre! to. section of twelve mon. Of these only two were citizens the United States, born theroin, four were natives of Fn Jand, six were frishmen, and of these one-half showed inere beef and bone and stat’ re than their comrades, Colonel Butterfield is a New York merchant, who held militia rank before he commen ied this regiment, and bis mon are, without a word ol liattery, a credit to him and his officers, LN CONGRESS—LISTENING TO THE PRADING OF THR PREGDBNT'S MESSAGE, Tho following day (July 5) I went. to the Capitol to hear tho President's message read, an! through the courtesy of the Hen, Chartes Sumner, Chau man of the Committee on Forcivts B lations and Senaty sand of the Hon, H. 2. Wil nof the Committee on Military At 8 and tor, 1 was introdeced on thé fivor of the: a hha'is aud passages am th» ng, which will, when completed, litly ces py & my Site, and pregent nally a grand aspect ther sustained by the interior, were tolerably weil Aled with peopie, but th re Was no crowd, MO eagerness, no oxe.tement—searcely even the nome of conversation, ‘The heavy ill-ventilated Chamber in which the Senate sits was by no means crowd: although tree imgrers was permitted till the Vic Presilent took the chair, and the sitting commenced; hor were the commodio s—at least. very. spackus— galleries open to the public at all thronyed en m the ladies’ seats. But many citizens, and among them q num- ber of private soldiers, seemed to takompleasuve in sitting down iu the chairs assigned to iadiy: Senators, and Just bofyre the Sonate proceeded to business, a flue snore, proceeding from bearded ant beltod man in a scarlet shirt, showed that one of the Garibaldini, a corps of whom ave quartered here, haa sought oblivion in the very ¢-ntre of debate, ore droary proceeding than the reating of the mes. cannot well be conceived. Tae clerk's vorce was low otonous, the silence in the Senate was unbroden by a singte note of approbation, but in the other [louse 1 hear there was mor imation, AN attempt was made wo sit with closed doors, for the better despatch of business, Dut this was not agreed fo by the majority, A PATRIOTIC LADY—HER OPINION OF THE HOUSE OF LORDS OF ENGLASD, An enthusiastic lady who came over with me in the Arabia was very indignant with a countrymaa of hers because he affirmed that he hat never sven a more dig nifled assembly than the Meuse of Lords. “What!” she said, “lo you Mean for onc MoOMe.:L to Say that they are equal in appearance to our Sen tors?" fn ono respect the Senators are cuitainly destitute of the arco" wisdom which is given by white hairs and venerable asp ct. Kew of the Souittors ace men OF advanced years, an Mr, Crit Lenden is polated vut as a kKaud of obsolete sein -fossihzed Politician, a8 much out of placoas Nestor would be in a@ revel with Achilles and Patrocius, Ja another phase they are not go dignified, They do not con Selor it anbecoming to write at their desks in the midst of debate, Writing is a base mecuanica! pro. cess, after all, in| no man looks well while be is. en gaged at it, Senators are like other men. Perhaps they Are a litte fonder of stationery, When the last Zones Was coming to a close 1 saw a large man,c vered wih perspiration, dragging a Luge vox after hin ito th rail He was followed by two vt with, This was a Senator, who was taking Lome ibis supply of public stationery contaiued mn tuese ‘Then iL must be “conceded? that dress hag some thing to do with the aspect of a denberatiye beay, and that Jim Crow bats and bnen biowses would detract from the appearance of the most aristocratic mab in the worid. Pretermittirg these things Mm the United States Senate, there are noble heads, commanding forms ane bib tuted hgences, neariy equal to tho greatest 188 wes before them. Busipess is transacted colloquiaily aud eastiy, but there 18, Tam told, @ practice of faking set orations which at one Ume threatened the House of Commons. ‘The young govtlemen who act ax pages, or messengers, would not violate republican simplicity by its appropriate neatness of attire, but they, ag well as ail the servants of the House, and the employes} of the p bic all over the State, display # readwess to oblige, a civility and cour: teay which prodiice @ pleasing surprise in the mind of an Englishman, who remembers bow the gontlemen at home, not hablo to removal at tho end of their four years, assist him in his juquiries at the Circumtocution office. But as we remark sich trilles the Message 1s going on. Mr. Hamlin, Vite President, who is popularly believed in the South’ to be a geuticman of color, sits im his chair above the clerk, who reads st, very much as a Commissioner in’ Baukeuptcy may be seen in Basinghall street listening to the perusal of a document from an assignee. The Mossage is written on soparate sheets. It has been brought m by the President'saecretaries, I believe, why appear on the floof and amply announce their object, and the clerk then, by order of the Vice President, reais it sheet by Sheet at the desk upstanding. The senators sit and listen. Now and then ove bears a whisper, “It’s too jong.” “What's the use of going into thatr’? “That pomt is not badly put?” ‘The demand for men and moncy producod no sensation. They would have swailowed twice tho totals readily and silently. The general impression seemed to be that the ar- gumentative and historical parts of the message were un- necessary; but, ag a Senator obs the people had a’ right to know th ta of tho case as they appeared to the mind of the Executive in making such propositions, and that nothing should be taken for grautedor be supposed to be known to those who are so muteriully “interested in the result, MILITARY MKANNESS, MILITARY RiOIS AND JEALOUSIRS OF COMMAND. Jory 6, 1861. Marching of many troops though the city. Son diers have a bad habit of begging mo ey for whaske There was a riot 18 consequen-e of the murder of a dier ina house in the city. His courad avenge bis death, and burned three houses of the kind, Qnally they were dispersed by the United Stat dragoons. There has also beed a mutiny at Alexandria in a foretgn regiment, avid a captain refused to obey U ders of his colonel, was supported by his company, qQuictly marched away into Washington, where he gave up bis sword, aud surrencere tried by court mar- tal. Volunteers are 1 ond their mutinies and Tots are HOt so dang of regulars But the misehiet whe Ws the Unwed States forcrs arises out of th sits Which exist b tween he regular army and the volante The civilian geiorals, or** politica” chick obnoxious to tt Jars, and General Scott has a battle to fight very much ise that in which Lord Clyde contended so vigorc fully against Lie * politicas” and © civ; There are men high in iutlueace and actual co pacity tor good or evil who decthre that Uhe United States army is a huisance, and that it would bo much better to employ good stump orators, or ton who Kuow the waats of Ue * people,” to conduct the United States armies, than men who baye studied, atleast thecretically, the art of inaking war all their lives. It may be readily imagined how General Scott deals with such opinions and (heir organs. All these gentlemen are for pushing on ahead and making a general attack on the enemy, They think o1 army is like a round of canister which can be tired oft whenever the match ts applied. It strikes me, from what T have seen, that the federal troops wall bave te bo managed with skiliand caution in the face of the confederates The latter will Aight with animosity and desperation, tem pered by military knowledge of a certain kind that inay neutralize the advantages possessed in numbers by the North as well as other points. The politicians are cag: to grasp the prize and to bring their machinery into piay,, to round off its rough c:lges, forgetting thai they must first clear the ground by armed foree for the lever. Every man, of course, here beheves he can write a load. ing article, row a*boat, drive a gig, or fight a battle, and Tbave heard men, with bigh military Utles, who for their lives could not form # regiment in square or occupy a farm house, talk about operations in the field as if they were clomentary portions of the arithmetic table, These are not the only difficulties with which the Cabinet has to contend, for there have been views entertained on questions of foreign policy which would have ended in ot sssembled to in intia, most abc lotis complications Nad they not been fortunately abandoned. |The danger from this soureo, of rather the caciss of it, still exists, AV BRMBH SURE IN AN IMPLORING CONDITION —tum “SPRCLAL'! CORRKPONDENT IN DANGEK. Tou 1. Last night an intoxicated warrior addressed’ ux from beneath @ tree, at the base of which he was recumbent, in an uttitude of titter abandon, and demandea “baksheess | for, quoth he, “I'm a Britches subjix, and T wenna drink.” exposed to him lucidly the inconsecutiveness of his logical formula, but he had ‘detected my mationality and insisted on the right to a subsidy. AS Teould run, albeit not like the swift Camilla, and he, I surmised, could not, I inaintained my thesis. *+Dy’e livin the city?” 1 don't” was my reply. “Then I congiatulate you ‘There's no jiatis for Britehes subjix—not adrop to dein! in the who'e ¢——d place.”’ ‘The soldier was mistaken. but did not require any demonstration of the fact, . and T mention the circumstance only fur the purpose of pointing out the great incease of British sue Jects which has suddenly taken placo here, ‘The Le gation is overwhlmed with them, and this war would give Queen Vietoria or restore to her many thovaands of devoted subjects if they were only encouraged tn their affectionate efforts toreturn to the fold. There is, also, a large secession to the nuinber of Cauudians in tue world. The United States could, nevertheless, get up an artny of & million of A i subjects who ure now naturalized here, and could Aight its battles with enormous hosts of Germans, Irish, Malians, French, English, Scatch , Swortes, Norw wis and Dutch, nn I see some of the strong follows Who Uso. Our speech, and think of the dilliculties of our recruiting iu tho Crimean war, Teannot but regret the causes, whatever they may be, which deprived the Lritish isles of such material. The Catherines wheel is busy Unrowing ones and fiery flashes all round the worid; Dut as it thrdws them off it consum s, and at last there remaius but a burnt up and blackened cinder, AN ARMY PAKS AND 4 HOM PRUTHCTION—THK SANIVARY COM- MISSION AND REVEREND DOCTOR HELLOWS. Sviy 8—In the morning I received from General Scott a flattering passe-partout for the army, but, in adition, Twas armod with a British passport and an ordinary pass from Gon. Mausdield’s office, No unaut) | person be atlowod to visit any of the military po, but there is little real effieacy in any aystem Of passes on a larga | scale. ‘The visiters most formidable to eamps eases,and although this army 1s not ve aro certain signs in some of the corps. t required to prevent the spread of epidemics and diarr- haw, scurvy and dysentery, There is, imiecd, a Sani- tary’ Commirsion already’ at work, tinguishet Unita iam “minister, or Bellows, whose qualiticniens for hunting bad smelis ave not ebvio and provided with the ser y, of the indefatigable eamest, zealous author of the’ works on Savery which have attracted attention in En F. 1. Omsted, “On it are medieal men and ¢ rep.tition, and i€ is to be hoped their repre: will be better att dio than those of Sir J Dr, Sutherland, though their mission is 1 fear not more poplar among commandmg oihcens. They complain of wont ef auiherity, but suggestions have been made to thei. whieh will probably by ctabodied ina bil. Que of it's co king wagons Would probably. be an acceptab'e nt asa pattern, for there is more mischief in b ving than tn bad smeils, and the food of the American sokiier dees not appear calculated to keep men healthy i © Choltet’s preparations are about bemug introduced, and the venders of preserved meats have a great career before them, nor are Me noldeas of light’ wines iikely to want a market, Ax a Confederate aide do-camp said, “In war Unies we expect nothing better than grape and can ister.” W this connection, as our American brethren are pleased tosay, 1 may, as an instance of the knowl dge and temper displayed by some journais in New York as to Fngtish afftirs, and above ally English mititary history, relate that one of them vecenliy im in elaborate article dwelt upon the great misery and destitution of the British army iu the Crimea, and the neglect of the riiment, at the very time the kmper os Napoleon, wit iui sight, had sont out no tessa porsou than the famous French cook Soyer to dress the food of his battalions. ‘This, however, Was not quite So surprisiyg as the stute m ntin another paper, £ Uhink, that the 1 infantry at Inkormann were charged by caval, ythd beat them Dik by the elegant and simple expedient of for. ing ta sine four deep. MR. BLAM TAKES HIM 40 AKLINGTON 1181 In the evening I was invited by Me. Blair, 1 Postuiaster General, to accompany him ou a visit ton feignts, across the Potomac, which are the hi te sof Briga ser Gen, McDowell, comm inding the ch cover Washington on the sooth, -Mr, Bhar is well -WD AS One Of the Gldest aNd Most prominent, able and activo members of the repubsican party, and he is also one who was persuaded long ago that the ' present conflict was inevitable, and that tt woud cote Sooner or hater in cobsequence of the hold which Ure “treason” of secession had taken on the minds of the Southern people, He has lived to see his judgment verified. How short American history keoms when we see Was hostite armies drawn from the States 0: the U1 speak to mon who have gave his name to Unis capital | Live stood upon Aebilles* tomb And heard Troy doubted—Time may doubt of Kome. ‘To the Americans of the North itis litle short of blas- phemy to doabt of the Union, which 1s now dissolved by rebellion, and can only be cemented again by blood, The motte of Belgium is 'Unien fail la forec; the motto of the re United states ought to be La Force fait U Univ 4 would sooner outrage all Lhe orthodoxies if Boston than declare my belief, im that city, that Great Britain wilt uthve the great republic, though it may not bo better to be blasphemous and live than to be honest and be pelted .to death, The reat Northern Union min probably believes in his soul, as he takes duwn his qmusket to fight against the citizens’ ot ¢ x federate States, that when the famous Now Zealander, witiran eye for the picturesque, takes his feat on the broken arch of London bridge to skefch the rums of St. Vauls, a United sates pasaport will be in-the pocket of the caterprising member of the Hak dadi Lravelic:s, and that a New Engiaud policeman wil be in attendance: to show, the visiters over the remaing of the British em. pire.” Arlington Heights, to which we are proceeding, was the property of Mr. Curtis, a son of Mrs. George Wastington by her first husband, avd it belongs, if not forfeited or escheated by treasor ‘o the sovereignty of the United States, to Gen. Lee, who 13 now in the Confede- rate armies, “Follow the tram of thought, and you may become ag perplexed as T am in ‘reference to the possible status of the paler pa'rie, whose tunity ion, Not very many miles lower down the same bank of the Potomac, belongs to a dyscendant, who is aso in erms against tue North. 1t18 caster to follow the braad, dusty road, over the long briige which connects Wash: mgt ith the Virginian shore ans the road to Alex- anita, the spires ob which appear above the tree tops. are examined by the soitiers of the post at the Jolumbuan side of the river, and the process is repeated on the wooden causeway which 1s called a bridgo, and at the post on the other side, where men were br sy cutting down pine tvees to make a stockivle or patisade across the rows i prast c Mhworks filed: wilh, canon er soltiery, uy towards a height ev- vered with trees, the party gaimed the plateau, on the top of which stands’ Arhngton House and the camp of the ow York regiment, who were juxt turning out 1, ond a in the dest the fan whe is, ] YORK REGIMENT ON PART» having wheeled into it Was at dice ar- rested by certain. white cross belts bresking the uni- formity of the line cf Diack waisti sas well ax by other deficioncies of uniformity. But the mon were, take them alt in all, above the ave age of gos! Anfantry regi A SRW They were drawe up mi tit from commns of companies, and’ the ments A strong body of drummers on ‘tn French mouch beidt some noisy rappel ; the colors we. saluted, hom arms were shouldered, or slope t, 00 pro cowed) rear tank took open order, and.then the whole regio ait’ was exer. a Ten at the double quick round the camp, with drums at their head, and tue parade seemed he approach to Arlington House bears marks over. of rough usage, and the mansion itself, a very ogly editice, which looks as if the architcet rst intended to build a Methodist: meeting house ard hat got as far ws a Doric portico of stupendvors dimonsi na, wien he was suddenly moved to continue dig de: sicns with a view to found a funatiy d-ylum of the of Hanwell type, may not be the better for the pres nee of the military. ‘The rooms inside are lofty and comturt- able enough. Some of the wails are decorated with re- markable works by Mr. Custis, who ovitentiy did not possess the advantage of a drawing master, avd had » Junited natural capacity for art; but (he true patriot has ‘a sixil above color or form, and As the works in question are intended to immortatize the overthrow the British rule, and destroy a tyranny “almost as bad as that which the ‘North exercises over the South’ (according to the Confederate orators aud writers), criticisin may Lold its tongue. For me I was proud as an Angto“axon to behold the stoicism of my countrymen, whe wee meeting death on every site with an unvarying expression of cuunte- nance, hs shut, oyes wide open, aud cocked hats at the same angie, and [accepted the uniformity of their titude, demeanor and general deportment as a tribute forea from the enemy by the regularity of their death and sof their discipline, in which even (he immortal hington himself appeared to participate, as poised om aquimt Bellerephou, to which the gods had given the head of a goat and the manc of a hon, be smited biandly and admiringly on the sigughter, and tovk occasion to keep his ¢ the fleld by directing thom to oppo- site points of the compass. Py way of an antidote one could step oat on the portica, and, looking across the Po- tomac, rest his the Soft laniseaps coited with tents dnd broken by the white masses of ing. of Washingt eh sweep Alor towards the undulating horizon of stil i ‘The scene from the front of the he good sconery is out of place—at_ teas tempts to describ round the house Leame on & group of « frout of ove of the tents aad reading the mevisabic paper. ‘The friendly introduction took pice, aud one gen- teman in uniform was presented as Col Tay/or—a tail ,ro~ bust man, with a reddish brown barte @afri aud a warm complexion, As ho stocd up Ew: perp axed by the buitons cn Ins coat, There sure- 8 the pelican, which is said to be Lue type of Louisi- ana, aut is certainly ber emblom, fet how came it therey Had the Colonel killed bis enemy, and wag her wearing his coat, or were pelicans more generaliy dif. fused on buttons than | bad supposed? ur camp is pretuly situated, Colonet Taylor.” “My camp, sie LE have nothing to say,to it, sir, dam in the army o€ the Contederate S ‘The Colonel his just ridden io with & flag of truce from Richmond and bears despatches from Mr. bavis to President Lincoln. He tells me of iriends and acqnain assas Junction and at Richmond, and after some conv’ we separate, What these despatches are about bo one can tell, bat later mt evening Colonel Taylor is escorted to General Scow qnarters in Washington, and he is sent back to camp late at night, whence be proceeds, without any reply, 18 18 said, back to Richmond, ‘A VISIT OF MILITARY OUSERVATION AND WHAT Was SERN. Wupxepay, July 18, 1861. This morning I proceeded, in company with two Ameri. can gentlemen, to make a small iur of observation from the right of the pesition of the federal forces in the army of the centre acroxs the Potomac, in Virginia, to tho works covering the Long Bridge leading Trom A;lington Heights to une city of Washington. The Potomac is spanned by two bridges—one called phe Chain Hridye, about six miles above the city; the other, culied the Ong Bridge, crossing the stream itamediately into tie upper part of the town on the road to Awxandria, Tho right bauk ig dengely wooded and uneleared, an eescends in slabs cs rocks from the undulating plateau to the turbid Waters, which gradually couvact and lesson in depth from tho city up walked provident .