The New York Herald Newspaper, August 5, 1861, Page 4

4 TT NEW YORK HERALD. JAMBS GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. ‘OPFION N, W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. r : foney sent ty mail with beatthe sdeol tho ‘conden, "Noms tut Dank btts current in New York ‘THE DAILY HERALD, two con's per copy, $7 per annum. THE Wenn, Y HERALD, every Saturday, at ste cents per 2Ri $8.per annum; the Huropean Edition every Welnewlay, : 1 to any ‘Britain, ania ber copy: $4 Re" imrtnont, both te include posiaije; tho Yornia ry sae. ut, oe and 2let of each mouth, at six be ranean. THE PAWILY HERALD, on Wednesday, at sour cents per oH, OF REP ORRESPONDENCE, containing i: , solictied from any quarter of the Pern ma RESPONDENTS ARE URSTRD TO HRAL ara LerreRs aNd Pack: (AGks ARNT US. NO NOTICE taken of anonymous correspondence. We do not return 9 communications. © ADVERTISEMENTS renewed every day; advertisements ine worted tn tho Weary Hunan, Maacix Editions, fed wwith nectneas, cheapness and (ler HERALD, cindd in the Dalfonnian anil Pra JOR PRINTING cxout wpalch ——— WINTER GARDEN, Brosdwoy,—Tax Toopises—Tanicr Manno. LAURA KFENE’S THEATRE, No, 64 Broadway.— IRVIN Siawicia, \ NEW BOWKRY THEATRE, Bowory.—Lvexe Honse GuoK—Moruen Gooas—Youne Winow. BARNUM'S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway,—Day id Kvoning—MAKis—loors at Tuk SWAN—BKANS, SHA jow AND Oran Curr way.—Brarorian Sonas, MELODEON CONCERT HALL, No. Bonds, Daxoxs, Buaiwsauns, ac. oweascny MUSIC MALL, 635 Broadway.— Sones, MANORS, BURLESQUES, <4. GAIRITRS CONCERT 100: mM ENTERTAINMENTS Bani: RRICAN MUSIC: TALL, 444 Broadway.—Soncs, Bat Ears, Paxtoriess, £0. a —Ux0 ORYATAL PALACE CONCERT HALL, N Bugursoves, Sonas, Danous, Paxromimus-— New York, Monday, August 5, 1861 OUR WAR MAPS, Wo have issued another edition of the nu Merouks maps, plans and diagrams of the ope- ations of the Union and rebel troops in Vir- Pinta, Missouri, Ulinoia, Fic , ond on the Missis. Wippi and Missouri rivers, and it is now ready for delivery, Agents desiring copies are requested to Bend in their orders immedia Single copies NEW YORK- HERALD, MONDAY, AUGUST 5, 1861. President Lincoln and His Policy? | nominations of this section divide the demo- No fact stands forth more apparent, arildst cratic party, and render a republican victory pro- | the exposures of blundering, vonality, and mlg- ble. The citizens of Irish birth in San Francisco | management that have chatacterized the con- had determined to send the remains of T. B. 5 McManus to Ireland, by way of New York. From Oregon we learn that the prospects of the miners continued good. In the Congressional election n Washington Territory the democratic Union can- didate was alead as far as heard from. Lady Franklin and her niece had arrived at San Fran” cisco from the Sandwich Islands. At San Francisco sugars, toas and coflee were iu much request, and gradually improving. . Captain Thorndike, of the brig Elizabeth, from “Cienfuegos, whence she sailed July 17, reports that he left at that port the barks Louisa Kilman and West Wind, and the brigs Machias, Albert Adams, Ben Dunning and Naiad, prizes of the privateer Sumter, They had been released by the Spanish and Jasper 0, Farrell for Lieutenant Governor, The since the beginning of the war to suppress re- helljgn, than that the President of the United States himself, towers, both intellectnally and morally, above most of the politicians by whom he is surrounded, He seems to have done right just so far as he has followed his ownstatesman- like instinets and patriotic purposes, and only to have erred where he has permitted himself to he guided by Cabinet majorities, or the force of outside representations. The reason of this is, that while the various departments ut the ca, pilal have been convulsed and distracted by petty jealousies and discords, and the thoughts authorities, and would sail under convoy of the of Cabinet members havo’ been principally oc- United States steamer Crusader, which vessel was | Cupled with dividing spoils, apportioning con- going in when the Elizabeth sailed. July 80, off | tracts, providing for friends, or eatering to in- Cape Hatteras, was boarded by the United States | dividual interests and passions, Mr, Lincoln has gunboat Union, who reported having burned, on | bent his entire energies towards the accom- Sunday, July 27, the brig B. T. Martin, ashore on | plishment of the great wish of the country and Body's Island, N.C. She wasan American vessel, | the exclusive duty of his administration, whieh captured by a privateer, and subsequently having } jx (9 put down inswrroction, and deliver the re- . 7 = rebel crew escaping to the main land. ‘ matuchons The prossute’ of ‘perdonal responst Tho brig Robert C, Wright, Captain Garland, ar- | PMity upon an upright and sagacious mind, has rived at this port yesterday under very peculiar made of President Lincoln a states:mun, while circumstances. ‘The vessel left this port some time | his quondam rivals for the plage he fills, have since for Aspinwall, with a cargo of coal, to go | not thrown off party shackles, and have failed from thence to Trinidad de Cuba in search of a re- | to rise above the level of political traders. turn cargo, The captain, finding he could obiain Mr. Lincoln was nominated to the Presidency, no cargo in Cuba, determined to goto Baltimore. | oyer the heads of several of those who now rew, composed entirely of colored men, pro- ainst going to that place, as it wasina Stute, and they might be deprived of their yy. The Captain finding them determined, and ‘ing they would take charge of the vessel, de- cided to return to New York, which he reached yesterfay, and gave the crew in custody of the au- thorities, stating that they had mutinied and threat- ened his life. compose his Cabinet. Their apparent chances of being elevated to power, were greater than his; their claims upon their party had been more definite and acknowledged; and their long continued pultie careers had endowed them with a weight of external authority and influ- ence, to which his was inferior. He naturally entered, therefore, upon his Presidential duties whelming Campnign. Within the last ten days there has been @ duct of officials, high and low at Washington, | YS remarkable and encouraging change from | incomes snd on carringes, watches and spirit. the gloomy condition of things at Washington immediately following the disastrous battle in ‘ont of Manassas, All apprehensions concern- ing the sufety of our federal capital are again dismissed. The late feeling of painful anxicty has given way to a sense of security, and our loyal people, more inclined to congratulate each other on our escape from a great danger than to mourn over an instructive defeat, are preparing for a well ordered, systematic, over- whelming and decisive campaign. It has been admitted by the enemy, that with their defeat at Manassas, the rebel cause would have been lost beyond redemption. They had accordingly strained every nerve, and had well nigh exhausted the active fighting elements of the revolted States in their proparations for s Oar War for the Union—The Men, th® | be Means and the Power for an Over- mauguration of Direct Taxation—Our War Barthenstne New Income Tax. We publish in another cola the bill which has Jit passed Congress, levyitig @ tax upon ‘Tre Invxcences or maa ,Ammetcan Renert10n cron: 11% Mamary Semep 9°? Evrore—The | events of 1860 in Europe la’ the world to believe that 1861 would bea prolific of revolution and bloodshed. 7, dhe 98 OX uous and fermented liquors. No 1exsure | pected, would rise with Garibaldi, and, can.°% passed during the present egaston has excited | aside the shackles of Austrian tyranny, join the more interest, fo." it affects many who Mave :tot } Italians in a desperate struggle to fhree the hitherto been troulNed by the taxgatherer, and Quadrilateral. Prussia seemed om the eve of introduces a new principle in the mode of rais- | way with Denmark, and a collision between ing the public revenue 4a this country. France and Germany was looked upon as pro- Direct taxation has always been advocated | bable. There was, indecd, no limit to these anti- by the partisans of free trNde as an indispen- | cfpations of pending hostilities, and people pre- sable basis of their theories. ‘That has been one | pared theraselves for campaigning ‘on'a large cause, perhaps, why they have sande such slow | scale. At that time there was no thought of Progress among us, for our seople, acctis- | such a diversion as Las taken place. No one tomed to the easy mode of providing for the | looked forward to a great war in the United wants of the government by import dutics and | States, which world convert actors into mere a land tax, could not reconcile themselwes to © | spectators; but such has been the case. No system of taxation which possesses so many | European war'has yet occurred to realize the disagreeablo features. When the income tax | prospect before held ont, and all Enrope stands was first introduced in the House of Commons | watching the progress of the great drama om raped struggle apts first me ea by Sir Robert Peel in 1942, it excited a great | this continent. It is true that reactionary py have secure © advantages ontery, and to this’ day'i tit ~ 1 troabl é the prestige of an uncxpected victory; and il 2 y its unpopularity con- | troubles, hatched at Roms, have again reduced yet, comparatively, they are weaker in tho flold to-day than they were a month ago, We haye it from various intelligent resources that the cream of the warlike popu- lation of our rebellious “Confederate States” has already been drawn off—that the rebel ar- mies of two hundred and fifty thousand men now in the field have left but a seanty margin for reinforcements, and that henceforth they must be drawn almost exclusively from the “poor whites,” whose necessities place them in opposition to slave labor, and who, therefore, feel very litile interest in a war undertaken for the exclusive object of an unmixed pro-slayery despotism. We know, too, from a cloud of witnesses, and from the very nature of things in the revolted South, that the armies of Davis are extensively The annual State election will take place to-day | with extreme deference for the opinions of the subsisted by forced coutributions, from day to in Kentucky, and before the next going down of the sun John C. Breckinridge will be informed to what extent he has misrepreseuted tho sentiments of the people of that State in the Senate of tho United States. He will no'doubt hear that the electors, by at least fifty thousand majority, have ded to sustain the Union, and, if necessary, “go into the war," in which event he will be per- mitted to carry out his oft-repeated dotefmination to “no longer represent her in the Senate.” The distinguished leaders of republicanism, from among whom he chose bis advisers. ‘Time has taught him, however, that many of these gentle- men are actuated by conflieting motives of self- ishness and ambition, and that their collective wisdom is marred by suspicions, rivalries and intrigues. The welfure of the nation is made subordinate to their private plans of aggrandize- meat and emohunent, and it is only after these day, and that the rebel soldier, if paid even a trifling instalment of his compensation, is paid in shinplasters, which, at a ruinows discount, ave received a8 money among the Southern peo- ple only upon compulsion. The Davis govern- ment has neither money nor revenues at home nor credit abroad; the stock of goods from which its soldiers have been clothed mast now be nearly exhausted; while within the next six conta, Wholesale price the same as for the | fice of State Treasurer is to be filled, for which | have been attended to, that their counsels bo- threo months at least two hundred thomsand Wiseuiy Hexaup, THE SITUATION. Geagral MeClellan is quietly but effectively pro- Bressing with the reorganization of his army, but ‘there is 89 much secresy observed in all his move- Monts that very little of the deta’ leak out perfect war footing, however, appears to be cor- tai Prince Napoleon visited the camps on the Virginia side yesterday, and he is said to have been greatly impreased with the appearance of the then, sad to have been surprised that such a mili- tary force could be called into service in go short atime, permitted to That the troops sre being put upon a { The commissioners who were despatched with » ‘flag of tr Beor eto the rebel army at y of War, to request the delive of his brother's body (Colonel Cameron, of the Seven ty winth Highland regiment), have ret Yogton without effecting the Bion. d to Wash- ject of their mis- Lhey report that every kindness and cour- tosy weu shown them by Col. Stewart, the officer in command at MairfaxCourt House, but their com- munication having been addressed, not to any par ticular iudividual, hom it may con- ‘cern,” they were unable to obtain the remains of Colonel It is thought, however, that When this informality is corr but to ameron. sted there will be no difficulty in getting possession of the body of that | Gallant officer. The gunboat Yunke rived at the Washington Yard yesterday afternoon, and reported hav- § come across a rebel battery Potomac creek, about eight iiles below Aquia Creek, She threw a shell into the works, an ope, tation which provoked a return of five shots from tho batte gineer's room of the Yankee, but did very little damage. Tho Yankee then withdrew from that Tocality. The Bisu on foot to make an attack on St. Louis, rein- state Governor Jackson and make that city the | ‘base of their operations, The supposed attack on | Oniro andeBird’s Point is thought to be a feint tor | ‘tho of keeping Gencral Lyon's | troops employed in that direction. Large bodies of Febcls are said to be concentrated at New Madrid, | Mo., under General Pillow; at Pocahontas, Ark., | under Bea. McCulloch, and in Mississippi county | under Jeff, Thompson, and a junction of these | Korves at Pilot Knob is reported to be meditated Kor the purpose of taking forcible possession of St. Gouis, This information comes from the latter city, and ia said to have originated from a reliable source, There is nothing new from Western Forirosa Monroe, Affairs at these peiuts remaia | aachanged sine i » few days ago at , one of which passed through the en- shel iorces in Missouri are said to have a purpose Virgiaia or yesterday. THE NEWS. By the arrival of the steamship Anglo-Saxon off Father Point yesterday, we have two days later in telligence from Europe. be held ia London on the 25th of July to arrange certain ministerial changes. Lord Palmerston, it waa said, would resume his old position in the House of Commons as the exponent of the forcign policy of the British government. A public mect- ing having reference to the American c: held in London on the 24th of July. The object of the meeting was to present a memorial #0 Dr. Cheever, who made a speech on the ceca- wion, in which he spoke strongly against the Beceded States, and, as usual, advocated the abo- fition of slavery. The London Sh bas an ariicle arguing that the fute of the Collins i X privy council was to | steamship Pacific bas been solved by a memoran- | dum found ina bottle recently picked up at the Hebrides, in which the writer, a person named William Graham, states that the vessel was encir- Oied with icebergs and sinking, From Manchester the advicps were favorable Bad the raics for goods and yarns were advancing. Cotton in Liverpool had advanced one-eighth a one-quarter of @ penny per pound. Breadstufts | end provisions were dull and inactive. Elsewhere will be found a letter from Constanti- mople describing the death of the late Sultan, the accession of his brother to the throne, and varions other topics, all of which wilh we doubt not, be read with great interests By the overland express, which passed Fort Koarny 2d instant, we have intelligence from San Francisco to the Mth of July, The Breekinridge Gtate Convention met at Sacramento on the 23d wt, and nominated J. BR, McConnell for Governor | leans water works, &c. | the Battery. | and the same may be said of rye, oats and barle the Unionists have nominated James H. Garrard, and the rebels have introduced Gobrias Terry asthe man every way qualified to be most wofully beaten. Meinbers of the State Legislature will also be chosen, and the Union party are sanguine of securing a large majority in both branches. The new Iucome Tax and Internal Duties bili just passed by Congress appears in another column. Its perusal will prove interesting to all, inasmuch asits provisions concern almost every person en- come valuable. Under such circumstances, the unwelcome truth has forced itself upon the Pre- sident’s mind, that forall purposes of executive responsibility, he stands alone, and must depend upon no human being, besides himself, to carve out the glorious futare which we still believe to be in store for the United States. We are in the midst of a stupendous and un- precedented revolution. The overthrew of Southern troops will require a new eutfit. We apprehend, therefore, that a rigid blockade, which will effectually cut of from the rebels any Northern or European supplies of woollen fabrics and shoes, in exchange for cotton, wilt almost of itself, by December next, be suffigiont to break up this whole, Seuthern rebellion. We cannot imagine that the rebel soldier, without psy and without clothing, will continue to ad- gaged in duily labor, Tax levies generally rench | dynasties in France, England and Maly, eannot mirc his oppressive Southern confederacy in the only those possessed of real estate interests, but tiis bill extends to all the ramitications of society, and taxes the clerk proportionately with the wealthy merchant and land owner, Its principal feature is the impost of tax of three per cent per annum on all yearly incomes of over #800, accruing after the payment of the usual taxes, ‘le in the case of fo: uvesidents the r On gold watches a tax » to be five per cent. ve dollar is laid, and on silver watches fifty cont Carriages are to be taxed from one to filly dollars each, in accordance with theiv value, Spirituous liquors are to be taxed. five cents per gallon, and fermented liquora two cents per gallon, or sixty cents per barrel, when the latter contains over thirty gallons, the tax to be paid by the distiller, who is required to keep a k is allowe taxed liquors may subsequeutl There are now thirty of the Moyamensing prison, in Philadelphia regiment of Captain Montgomery, the man Who figured so conspicuously during the border ruffian troubles in iSansas, has tinally been mus- tered into service, [tis known as the Third Vol- nnteer regiment of Kansaa, and composed of two companics of alry, one company of artil- ry, and four of infantry. A nephew of Louis anth is the Adjutant. he Eleventh Pennsylvania regiment, just mus- tered out of service at Harrisburg, has already re- organized, and tendered their services to the government for the war. Richard Coulter was ted Colonel. The New York Republican State Committee have been called to meet to-morrow in the city of Albany. The amount of lumber surveyed at Bangor, from the Ist of January to the Ist August, this year, is seven million four hundred thousand feet léss than surveyed during the same time in 1860. | he Commissioners of Harlem Bridge have re- | moved W. J. McAlpine, the Chief Engineer, aud bis assistants, Messrs. Hubbard and Charles McAlpine. The Commissioners, having resolved to complete the bridge at a cost within the limit of their appropria- tion, if possible, could arrive at no satisfactory un- derstanding on the snbject of estimates with the Chief Engineer. Erastus W. Smith has been ap. pointed in the place of Mr. McAlpine as Chief En- gineer. He has been prominently connected with the large iron works of this city for many years, having constructed the iron work of the Collins line of steamers and other extensive marine and archi- tectural structures, As the superstructure of the new bridge is to be of iron, and as Mr. Smith has had also a large experience in engineering work generally—such as the construction of the New Or- he is expected to finish the bridge in the most efficient and able manner, and at the lowest possible cost to the counties, The United States steamer Harrict Lane yester- day left the Navy Yard, and is now at anchor off Accounts from the West represent the corn and other crops in good condition, and promising an ! abundant yield. The wheat has been all harvest: and the crop of each is fully np to the average. Onving to the amount of grain left over from last y, we shall have an unusually large surplus this compare with it, nor is there a single paralel for it in the history of ancient times. Over three-quarters of a miflion of men ave warring with each other, in a country where, less than a year ago, the bristling of the bayonet and the thunder of artillery were unknown, and a life and death struggle for national existence is in progress, which the whole human race contemplates with amazed and anxious suspense. The happiness or misery, prosperity or degradation, of tens of mittiona of people yet unborn depends upon the issue of the contest, Yet the Washington Cabinet burrowed along in its old molehill; military caste stiffened itself up into more than the old pipe-clay formality and priggishness; parties clung to their old formula; and patronage gainbled in lives as it formerly did in offices, until the terrible disas- ter whieh mis: agement produced at Bull run opened the eyes of the public to the hideous consequenees of such a state of things, And what do we see? That if Mr. Lincoln, from the ontset, had thrown his wrangling counsellors overboard, and fallen back upon his own clear, sound, unbiased judgement, none of the calami- ties would have ocenrred which we deplore, That he has now begin te do so is the most auspicious sign for the future, and we pradict } from it the happiest results. By an ii netive perception of right, which can never be Tound in a vision beelouded with petty, ambitions schemes, Mr. Lincoln has, in almost every instance, fathomed the necessities of the ditferent omergencies that have arisen since he took the oath of office. The expedition to Fort Sumter was di ‘d and executed, con- trary to the wish of every member of his Cabi- net but one. It appears that he allempted to prevent the hasty movement of oar army of the Pot which resulied in the panic at Bull run. The appointment ef General MeClellan, first to command in Western and then over the federal forces in Eastern Virginia, was his indi- } vidual act. THe has weighed each one of his adrivers, miliary and civil, in the balance, and knows exactly what they are worth. The incendiarisin of the republican press is so well vaderstood by him that he recently remarked that if he were possessessed of judicial power, he would very soon mete out to each of the New York ciiy journals th just deserts. “Excepting one,” he added, “the Herarp, which does pretty well, considering that it is on the other side!” The details of army disci- | pline have also been taken by Mr. Lincoln, in 4 band, and be will rely on no one, we learn, but himself, in making sure that General McClellan midst of the snows and frosts of a winter cam- paign. On the other hand, our Congress has provided the way and means not only for raising, but for comfortably clothing and subsisting « well | ap- pointed and thoroughly equipped Union army of half a million of men. This army can be raised and fally prepared for active operations by the middle of Octeber. It should be thus made ready, in conjunction with a poworful navy and numerous transports, for offensive in- roads along our Southern seaboard. Then, with a column of twe hundred thousand, or of one hundred and fifty thousand men, moving south- ward from the Potomac and the Chesapeake Bay, and with a column of one hundred and fifty thousand moving down the Mississippi, we may keep affoat a marine column of fifty thousand men for seaboard enterprises at such points as Charleston, Savannah and Mobilo, and still hold one hundred and fifty theusand:men for garri- son duty and for reserves. Thus, with a single decisive battle in Virginia, all the border slave States may be wheeled into line with the loyal States of the North, and from Missouri, Ken- tucky, Teanessev, Virginia and. Maryland a co- operative column of another hundred thousand Union volunteers may be added to.our military strength before December. cult matter to bring back the cotton States to the blessings of the best government in the world within a very short time. Jn a word, upon some such plan as this we have indicated, we can and we must put an end to this rebellion: by the first of May. To. permit the war to. linger beyond that date, and with no definite idea of the return of pe we shall incur all the hazards of incu- rable divisions and hopeless anarchy, North,and South. Tho navigation of the Mississippi river cannot be broken between two nationalities ; for if we are to have @ Northern and « Southern confederacy, we shall have a Mississippi or Western confederacy anda Pacifle confederacy, and then we shall bave the South Amoricansys- tem of petty military republics and ephemeral chieftains in full blast. To escape all these dreadful consequences of political divisions, perpetual wars and endless anarehy, ineluding, perhaps, the bloody of men, and an expenditure of five hundred mil- lions of dollars, will be a small investment for this great, humane and glorious object—the togrity of the Union.” With the Union restored, North and South, we shall be indemnified for all is fully aided in the many measures of reform he has inangurated. hese things promise well. They will restore condence, and inspir the people with tvesh ently ia in carrying on he war. Long the Veu which Mr. Lincoln mast ve himself re as months before his inaugaration, the e th pointed out | tall tor exportation. In New York and the States the growing crops—potatoes and corm-—are to fill the Pr Mial chair, or ¢ snown, every one of his prede inadequte 1 eclipse. in ping Gazette | It looks now Jatter, and in futnre times, when pew tld has } have heen restored to the Union by his ¢ as though he would do the shall forts, his name will be encircled in the same wreath which contai -ring from the drought, and, unless speedily lieved, some damage must ensane, Up tothe pre- the prospect for an abuodant » sul j been | 2x00 dking plane the fore ure.—The vast cation in which the South- amornt of self glor firm. to Materiore | pest icrr orn relets have be ; since the battte with the past ad alipping brawte | on vYebets have been duging, ince the battle were about aiecunt by | OF Bulbvun, seems very ith placed. Their bose j the same c » and prine lots of wit j there was ter then ours, and the forces under j snd amber Weatorn were per Bewuregard, Johnston and Lee, were so com- ES eas Rapti i. Corn pletely Stunned and atuyetied by the severe | jirm for shipping cargoes oF Western mixed, at 460, @ 470 ; shock they reeeived, that they have been anable to move in any direction since. General Wise and Colonel Magruder would certainty have been reinforced, had reinforcements been disposable; but neither of them bave received any succor to enable them to accomplish anything. Much less has there been any danger to be apprehend- | made to a fi | Povie was dtl and heavy, with a | of prime at $10 62); a $10 73, Sugars were active and im | good demand, and closed at an advance of abont 340. per th. , | especially refining goods, The sales embraced about 2,000 | bhds., chiefly Cabas,ond 45 boxesyand = email jot of New Orleans, at prices given in another place. Coffe was fivm, with moderate sales at full prices. In freights, ow. ing to the light receipts of breadstuffs, engagemon's wore limited. Grain to Liverpool was at Od. a 93gd. in bulk and bags, and flour at 2s. Sd. a 2s. 6d. Wheat to London wae at 10d, in whips’ bags, aad Sour at de. $s we xe export. 6 and tack on the capital, as ill infoymed persons have apprebenged, ed of ‘a forward movement, or of such an at- }° this outlay a thousand times over, in the strength security, prosperity and power which we shall thus attain, And, carefully limiting this war to { the “integrity of the Union,” we can bring it to # glorious peace by the first of May, Everything depends upon Mr. Lincoln and inty wit} his Cabinet. A shining light of their late party complaing that in the preparations for this war, at Washington, before the deplorable blunder at Bull run, “there was neither order nor sys- tem;”’ that troops as they arrived were paraded } “hetore the President and went supperless ta ; hed: that they “were stowed away in public { i { wuildings and private halls without regard to | that they received “neither instruction | tof war nor in the discipline of the | tinues unabated, the inquisitorial powers con- | Naples to a state of martial law, but-with the ferred under it rendering it repugnant to | settlement of the Papal quesifon these will dis- the feelings of Englishmen. As, however, | appear. To the Italian kingdom, therefore, it the advantages of free trade cannot be jis more important that Romo should be her enjoyed without taxytion of some kind, and | capital than that the Quadrifateral should be a8 no substitute as secure and simple can be | wrested from Ausiria, But care must be taken dovised for it, the income tax will, in all proba- | in carrying out the objects which Victor ‘Eman- bility, become a fixed feature in the fiseal legis- | uel hasin view. It is not unlikely that the lation of Great Britain. latter, in consideration of France giving up The necessities of a grent war bave forced | Rome, would resign to her tho islantl: of Sar- upon us a measure which we had hoped to | dinia. The Pope, however, being unwilling: to Reduced to this extremity, it will: bo no aiff | servile scenes of St. Domingo, our only ark of | safety is the Union. And an army of half a million | avoid. The interest of the immense loans that have been authorized by Congress has to be provided for, and a3 our revenue from imports can no longer be relied upon, and the public lands will, in all probability, be ali absorbed by the grants made to the officers and soldiers of our army, no option is left us but to resort negotiate with either Power for the surrender of Rome, or even one bank of the Tiber, this could only be done by. force, which would reise a storm throughout Catholic Christendom against the aggressors, and Louis Napoleon woutd iit like to face it. Moreover, England would pat in an exception to Sardinia being handed over to it, The sum proposed to be raised in this | to France, and this would be the most impor- way is twenty millions—the game amount as was levied under Sir Robert Peel’s bill. The bly less, being only three per cent on all in- comes over ¢ight hundred dollars, whether en- joyed by individuals or corporations. Non-re+ sidents, deriving their incomes: fYem property in this enuntry, will pay five per cent for their abseatesism—a just and cquiteble provision. The duty on carriages is to be from ene to fifty dollars, according to the description cf vehicle; on gold watches, one dollar; on silver, ‘fifty cents; on spirituors liquors, five cents a gal- lon, and on fermented ditto, sixty eents a barrel, or two-ctnts w gallon. These imposis will considerably affect’ alt classes, but more parti. cularly those ia: the enjoyment of large incomes, ‘whose property has hithento never been ade- tant consideration of all. The only safe ‘course that can be adopted, therefore, towards making per centage of taxation is, fowever, considera- | Rome the capital of the new Malian kingdou is for the latter to como to terms with the Pope, or, if this be impossible, to await the result of an Itelian schism. “ We think we are correct. when we say that the war in this country has made peace \in Ku- rope, anf left idle those trentendows armaments of France that might otherwise have been called iato activity. If the half’ million’ of men who are now mekiyg war upon each: other in Ame- rica were united in Europe thez cowlé conquer the whole continent. But as they-are separated by three thousand miles of the Ailantie, Europe may took on without fear, and quietly profit by what they are working out. Although, how- ever, they are not.in a position to conquer Ku- quately assessed. Millionaires, like Mri W. B [ TOP they may easily drive every vestige ot Astor, Commodere Vanderbilt, Mr. Lenox, the Lorillards and others, will henceforth copéri- foreign power from: this continpnt, Th more intimation of this on a former ogcasiow® created ute @ fair proportion of their wealth quite 9 panic among: the English journal? The to the direct svpport of the national government. It has been long contended that if we had a hetvy national debt the pressure of taxation would arouse our lead ing citizens to a sense of their responsibilitics,, and induce them to take'te elections out of the: hands of the low politicians who now control them, Such a result woutdnet be dearly paid by the burthens imposed by: the war. ‘ The twenty millions of taxes to be raised by this bil are allotted in’ fixed proportions among the thirty-four States and gight organized Territories of the Union. It is catentated that by the 1st: of April next, when it goes into operation, all. the rebel States will/have been brought buck to their loyalty, Should this anticipation not be fulfilled, the Nortli will have to p for the defi- ciency, either by an ic ‘eof the income tax, or by adding other articles-io the schedule of internak duties. Th de ofeollection will be through the same machinery by which the federal taxes are raised by eazh State. The only addition made to it will bea bureau in the Treasury Department, consisiing.of a Commis- sioner, with a salary of three thensand dollars, and. clerks whose aggicgate belaxies are not to exceed six thousand. 0 Thus it will bo seen that whiie the bill pro- vides seenrely for the objects contemplated, it creates but litle new patronage, and opens no fresh door to corruption. That it will cause agreat deal of grumbling andi dissatisfaction we must he prepared to expect: To onr mind one of its most acceptable features is the gene- ral conviction it will create that it will hencefovth be necessary for taxpayers to look afier their own interesis, The control of onr affaiis hes been too long in the bands of unprin- cipled politicians and adventisers, When the results of their mismanagement are brought honie-to-them in taxes that ave harassing, not only in.amount, but in their mede of collection, we shatt, perhaps, see those who have a stake in the-country fulfilling the duéies and reaponsi-: bilities, to the neglect of which we owe ovw present misfortune: oN Briok on Navan Avrauts---Jottom son Brick tried his hand:yesterday at naveb affairs, in his nanal siyle, Ty announcing that Admire) Kolrustan, “of the Boyariga N. was at Washington, and, proposed holding official interview with tha President. dom of Bavaria nated ral hundred miles from. aay an The king- in the interior, seve- sea, and the.only navy itcan possibly have is a children’s. navy upon one of the park ponds. This reminds us of Jefferson Beiek’s art knowledge, whieh brated than for his nee with naval ys In November last, writing of the trans of the Dusseldont Gallery, he mentioned Mr. Dusseldorf as a vary pleasant genéleman, and recommended hin the pairogage of bis is hardly Yess cele- to feasibility of the project is not to be déubted, and it will -be to the interest of this eovntry, as soon as our differences ave settled, to carry it into execution. SEES aiieeenaiemmemied Tse Sovraery Insurrection aNp Coxmmr. cit Resverorioxs.—The insurrection of ‘the Southern States came upoa us in the mikist of the greatest prosperity known to our history. Our granaries were groaning under the bountiful yield of the soil, our mannfactories thronged: with life, our mer cantile firms were Hving-in luxury upon their gains, and our commerce was rapidly extending its arm to all sections of the world; in short, ia every direction could be seen the oviden¢e and marks of progress and prosperity. But all this has rapidly changed, and we are to-day plunged » imo social and commercial: revolutions without parallel in our history, unless if may be those - which followed the Revolatienary War and that of 1812, The present is, howexer, grealpr than either of those, inasmuch ag i¢ lias come upon favty-one millions of people, and is working out more important results, . The commercial panics that seemed to stagger our people in 1832, ’37 and '57, were of but momentary duration, and the direct result of overtrading, involying in themselves prosperity rather than. stagnation. ‘The present crisis bids fair to be more exten- sive and thorough than. any thet has preceded it; as the recent importont and heavy fiilures vsnong our dry goods merchants, groceries and other branches of trade bear evidence. This is unquestionably in part: brought about by the entire cutting off of trade with the Southern States and their refusal to.pay their debts, to- gether with the enormous. decrease in value of the Southern stocks which form the Dasis of.- } nearly all the benking: capital of the Weet, making collections in..thet locality almost im-. possible. While this convulsion is going on in . commercial circles,. sweeping over the country like a tornado, striking down both great and | } small, Congress convenes and appropriates -ita hundreds of millions, passes a bill for levyiag a direct tax—in fact, inaugurating a complet? and yadical change.in.our revenue system. They have. it appesrs, also superseded the Sub-Treasu- ry, and agaia resorted (athe system of patronizing the baaks, which was. done away with in the establishment of. the Sub-Tzeasury, ix: thepalmy days of “Old Blair” and. the Washi gtan Globe- ‘These ex waordinary. comusercial and financial changes ave working revelutions im ewr social and political systems, and must react apon the adiminitwation. The Sub-Treay ary; the pet schems, of “Old. Blair,” he forced upoa the Cabi- net of Van Baren, which resulfed im the over: throw, of that dynastz. It may now be consi- dered someway singular that fhe present crisis, with its enormous changes, is upea us just as. Blait has reaoveredi from that eyerthrow, and, firds himseif.accugying precisphy the same po- sijonin tae-kiteben Cabinet, as. he did under Jackson willy his pet bank system, which pre- wded, the. Su%rFreasury. It is to be hoped, | | bis ran readers. | howevex, that the abolivhmegg: af the SabsTrea- | sury wil) not have the same effect upon Lin- coin’s adminisiration and tp Kitchen Cedinet as. its adoption did upon Van, Baren. But, with all his, Jefferson Boiok is most at home in. strategieal geography and inv: Tis essay on the “elbows of tke Mincio,” ai Solferino and from, Bulk run, cann a and that, while troops by thousands were needed, troops by thousamls were fidtly re- fused? We wish that we could deny all or any of these acensations; but we cannot undertake tode it. Ii may be that Bull ran has saved our army from a ruinous demo*alization. We are | provision te the staff of tife of a portioa of our glad to know that it has awakened the govern- ment to a sense of its duties; that an officer competent, ready and willing for the task has been charged with the reorganization of our army, and in time to save the government and to redeem the army. ‘The country now will expect the administaa tion to work with energy, unity and sizgde- ness of pul e, in view of the one grand ob- ject ofa well appointed arm: overwhelming campaign. the fatal amiability and, indolence of Louis the Sixteenth, but sometising of the vigi- lance, decision and gompronensive activity of Napolegy and @ Short and | are exceptions, and we trust they are numerous, fe wal.e now, not | to just causes of complaint, Which are very ex- ; keep his plans to himself, and with the superior ‘hus Asay AvTHORIagS AT WASHINGTON AND pat. ces iene ons rms, Prass— General Scott, previovely, to the * Anwx’ Provisions—We have reveived two | hate st Ball ran, hadia consultation, with gen- loaves of bread trom the army on the Potpmac, | themea in Washing connected with the press which is represented as being a sample of the | for the purpose of preventing the promulgation of fatelligence x a manner which might he troops. itis pretty though not very good, and’; detrimental ta gowernment interests, A plan is certainly vaetly bettar (han the avezage which | war agreed om for attaining this ohject We we have reason to believe is given ont ininany | see that Genegal McClellan and the press regiments, ‘The correspondent who sents it, paltaches have lately had a similar conforence. says that fresh heef is Served four days out of | We regard these efforts to fetter telegraphic seven, and otherwise speaks of a favorable per- | despatekes and correspondence as unnecessary, sonal experience. We rejoico ta hear that there | A good general, like McClellan, who is noted. for his secrettveness and caution, will of cours, be surpassed, tended and which demand the most rigid invée. | police he has organized, it ix impossihae that tigation and an application of the speedies: and | anything he desires should remain anknown, dost effigient remedy, ; oan be divulged. Talloyrgnd always declared