The New York Herald Newspaper, March 31, 1861, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GuaDON BEANETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. EVICE N, W. CORNKK OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. mat! will be at the Wits elrvent tn Noe York taken. THE Y HEL, 200 vente 87 per annum. TUR WEEKLY BER thin eocry at in conte per the Bisopern Eddion every Wednentay, en fr sy, #4 0" amu te any Pat rent Britain, " & rae lid ge vs ‘commen, THE FAMILY MERALD, on Wednesday, at four cents per copy or 2per annum TERMS cash in advance. risk of the sender Nowe ‘nt hank Volume XX¥Ve AMUSEMENTS TO-MO&ROW BVBNING. ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Fourteenth sizeet.—A Nigur 1x Wonoar Wor. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Afternoon—Nixon's Boras Cracus. Bvening—Vixeinivs. site Bond street.— ABLES INTER GARDEN, Fro Buus ts Tux Woops teasine 7s WALLACK’S THKATKS, Sroadway.—Haumnintrs—Por- PING THR QUESTION. LAURA KEENE’# THEATRE, No, 624 Broadway.— SuvEn Stsrens. OWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Firreen Yrars eS Senne Lint scuooewasren=-Mruny MosaNen BARNUM’S AMEKIVAN MUSEUM, brondway.—Day and Bvening—Honersnus Roniwsox—Rura OakLer—Heans, Sra Lion ax Oraaw Cow paitne ‘ANTS' MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broad- way Bemixsavan, Sonas, Dances, &6.—Dixies Laxo, SIBLO'B SALOON, Broadway —Luorn's Mixsreeus 1 peneasouss, ‘Sonos, Daxcxs, &c.—Dixins Laxo. MELODEON CONCERT HALL. No. 689 Broadway.— Sores, Vaxces, SvnLesaues, &c, QUINTON HALL. Astor Place —Lxcrvny ay W. G. Dix ON A JOURNEY ACKOSS THE ANDES. “WASHINGTON HALL, Wheeling. —Uxsworta's M:- ts iS GTHIOFIAN cONGS, Dances, &c. ES New York, Sunday, SMarch 31, 1861, Sew York Heruld—California Edition. ‘The mail steamship Arivi, Captain Miner, will leave this port to-morrow, at noon, for Aspinwall. ‘The mails for California and other parts of the Pacific ‘will close at ten o'clock to-morrow morning. The New Yors Waxiy Hxratp—California edition— pontatning the latest intelligence from all parts of the world, with » large quantity of local and miscellancous mattor, will be published at half-past eight o'clock in the aprning. Single copies, in wrappers, ready for mailing, six oents Agente will please send in their orders as early as pos aible. Tre News. The steamship Daniel Webster, from the Rio Grande via Key West and the Tortugas forts, with United States troops, arrived at this port yesterday. She left Brazos on the 19th, Fort Jef- ferson on the 24th, and Fort Taylor on the 25th of March. She landed two companies of troops at Fort Jefferson, and also two companies at Fort Taylor. The steamer Gen. Rusk also landed two companies at each .of these forts on the 24th. Fort Taylor is now on a complete war footing, amply garrisoned and furnished with supplies of all sorts for one year. When the Daniel Webster laft Brazos there ‘were one company of artillery and two of cavalry at Fort Brown, and two companies of infantry were daily expected to arrive. Since the seces- sion of Texas from the Union the military posts in the upper part of the State have been abandoned by the United States troops. All along the frontier the savages had renewed their depredations, Killing the setwers, running off stock and com- mitting great havoc. In addition to the attacke of the Indians, the Texuns were menaced on the Rio Grande by the Mexican robver chief Cortinas. He is reported to have a large force in readiness for a foray upon the Texans as soon as the United States troops are withdrawn. From all the in- dications, it is hkely that before many weeks the Southern republic wili find ample employment for 8 portion of its army in repelling the Camanches and Mexican bandits from the frontier. The steamships Star of the West and Coatzaco- aleos, from New York for Brazos, passed Key West, the former on the 20th and the latter on the 21et inst. The President and Cabinet were yesterday again engaged in discussing the question of abandoning Fort Sumter. The administration moves very slowly in this disagreeable business. Meantime the Charilestonians are growing dangerously res- tive. Our correspondent at Charleston telegraphs that if the evacuation does not speedily take place the fort will be attacked and captured. = The Senate at Albany did a large amount of business yesterday, much of it, though, only local in its relations. Among the bills passed were those to amend the Revised Statutes in regard to wife desertion; to authorize the New York Super- visors to purchase a Court House site, and giving the consent of the State to the purchase by the federal government of a Post Office site in this city. ‘The latter passed in the Assembly some days ago. The Senate also concurred in the Assembly amendments to the Albany and Susquehanna Rail- road bill. A discussion took place on the resolution introduced some days ago to institute an investi- gation into the action of the New York officials with reference to street contracts, and the resolu- tion, after being amended so as to give the ap- pointment of the investigating committee to the President of the Senate, was adopted. The bill providing for a convention to revise the constitu- tion was reported favorably from the committee. ‘The Assembly was occupied a great part of the day, in Committee of the Whole, with the bill to amend the insolvent laws, and after a long debate it was ordered to a third reading. In the case of the schooner Restless, seized for an alleged violation of the navigation laws, a communication was received yesterday at the District Attorney's office from the Secretary of the Treasury, remitting the penalty and forfeiture of the cargo of the vessel on payment of the costs. Our advices from Porto Cabello are to the llth fast. The blockade of Valencia by the rebellious factionists had been raised, consequent on a battle fought there on the 9th, in which the government forces were victorious, killing and wounding a considerable mumber of the enemy. Trade and agriculture were in a very depressed state. The cotton market was firm yertercay, with a steady demand, and sales of about 2,700 bales, closing within the range of 125,c. a 1/e. for middling uplands; the latter figure for good grades. The flour market was inactive and the sales moderite, while prices were unchanged. Wheat wae heavy, while a fair businese was doing, inolading some ales for export. Corn was leas buoyant and active, and closed with the turn of the market in favor of pureha- sera. Pork wa held with more firmness, while gales were limited, wt $16 6214 a $16 87 for mess, and at $12 604 ‘$18 for prime. Sugars were activo and firm, with sales of about 2,500 bhds. ono 384 boxes, at full prices. Coffee was firm, with eales of 3,000 mats of J. t 16Xc., and small lote of Rio at full rates. Freighis were steady, with moderate engagements at unchanged retes. ‘Tre Coxnecticvt Enncriox.—If the elements of opposition to the powers that be were organ ized in Connecticut upon the basis of a new peace and Union party, instead of the rotten hulk of the old exploded democratic party, we might express great confidence in the resalt. As it ia, however, the fight against the republi- cans appears to be stoutly contested, and the victory over them will be all the greater if ob- tained under the colors of a party which, asa national organization, has ceased to exist. To- orrow is the day. ment—The Keat Dimeulty at Wash- tmgton. Tbe predominant power just now at Washing- ton is Wallstreet. The question of money is one that this government as wall as all others must look squarely in the face. Money has been aptly defined as the sinews of war, and it is very certain that the Lincoln administration is now bound hand and foot by this ugly spectre which bas ruined so many eplendid schemes und thwarted so many magnificent ideas of brilliant theoretical statesmen. It is ali very well for the radical republicans to demand that the principles of Garrison, Phillips & Co. shall be carried into effect without regard to the cost; and it doubtless sounds well to Southern ears when Mr. Memminger offers to borrow fifteen millions for the purpose of putting the Confederate States upon a war tooting. But the question for the people of the North and South to settle is, whether or not they will impoverish themselves in going to war upon an abstract question which cannot be setthd by the sword. As it appears to us, both governments—that at Washington and that at Mcntgomery—are equally powerless. Davis & Co. have, however, the advantage over Lincoln & Co. The government of the Southern cohfederacy is plucky and clever in its personnel. The “Lincoln administration is cowardly ~ean and vicious, without the power to carry out its designs. So far from being in 8 condition to make war—the most expensive luxury wherewith a government can indulge itself—the administration haa ‘not sufficient money for the ordinary expenséed of the departments. Mr. Dix borrowed eight millions at twelye per cent. Mr. Chase -wpsits eight mil- lions more, and will probably get it from the brokers, who have done well with the Dix loan, Wn a very short time Mr. Chase will be obliged to call for nine millions, and then our national debt will reach the disagreeable figure of one hundred millions of dollars. In the event of war this debt would be very much increased. One item will indicate how much. The last Congress authorized the build- ing of six steam sloops-of-war, To construct, equip and keep this fleet in commission during twelve months would cost three millions of dollars. In the event of war the revenues of the government would be entirely cut off, and the expenses increased from seventy to one hundred millions per annum; a time would arrive when loans could pot be effected, and direct taxation would be resorted to. This, with the burden of State and city debt, added to the general suspension of business and pros- tration of all industrial interests, would soon reduce the republic to a condition of anarchy and distress heretofore unparalleled in the his- tory of the civilized world. In the South, where the population is comparatively thio, and where few people live “from hand to mouth,” things would be easier, but not much. Laying an export duty on cotton was a mea- sure of dire necessity, and must be only tempo- rary. Otherwise the impost will be evaded in a hundred ways. And the stern fact of the case is that the men in power in both sections of the country are altogether unequal to the emergency they bave brought us into. And, notwithstanding all this, they have the sublime impudence to ask us for money with which to perpetuate their odious policy. The Cabinet at Washington plays with the gravest questions. One day they intend to reinforce Sumter and Pickens; the next they purpose to withdraw the troops. What they really intend to do is a mystery. This course is pursued in order to obtain money. We verily believe that if Lincoln & Co. had a handsome surplus ip the treasury they would immediately preci- pitate the country into civil war. Now the only way to prevent such a calamity is to re- fuse the supplies. The government should be made to understand that unless it openly de- clares in favor of a peace policy the people will not loan it a dollar. There is a double reason for reticence. First, to avoid war, and second, because, in the event of bankruptcy, the United States bondholders would have no security for their money. The public lands have been given away by the Homestead and railway grant bills, and the public property would be at the mercy of the strongest hand. It is the duty of statesmen to look forward. Progress is the rule everywhere except in this country. Here our public men retrograde, and this country, once a Power in Chrisvendom, is now an object of ridicule and contempt. “Poor, effete old Spain” sneers at us, and even Peru insults us with impunity. Our flag is no longer asymbol of strength; it is the ensign of imbe- ciles, outlaws and fanatics. And now we say again tbat the only way to bring the politicians to their senses is to stop the supplies, With- draw the troops from the Southern forts, send the naval vessels to the coast of Africa or any- where else, disarm the Southern militia, vacate the commissions of the generals, colonels and what not—in fact, put everything on a peace footing—and then we can negotiate either for the reconstruction of the Union—a result which is not altogether out of the question—or the recognition of two confederacies, never to turn their arms against each other, but always ready to resist the interference of European Powers upon this continent. That is the platform for all men of common sense, and in six months a great party might be built upon it. In the meantime stop the supplies. Fravce axp Ressta,—It is well known that Louis Napoleon desires an alliance with Rus- sia and an entenfe with that empire as regards the Eastern question, and it is very probable that be will find the Czar a willing sharer in his views. We remember that at the com- mencement of the present year the Russian official Gazette approved, not only the augmen- tation of the French military strength in Syria, but the continued occupation of the country for the protection of the Christians; and by the last European mail we learn that in the British House of Lords, Lord Wodehouse said it was true that Russia had sent a despatch to the Freneb government approving the French oc- cupstion of Syria, and intimating that Russia would, if necessary, support the sending of additional troops.” There is little reason to doubt that they are both watching the “sick man,” in the hope of administering to the effects atter his dissolution. The ostensible object of the French expedition having been accomplished by punishing the Druses and frightening the Turks, Great Britain considers that the troops ought to have been withdrawn. But Louis Napoleon has a good excuse for al- lowing them to remain in the cBntinued hostill- ty of the Druses, and the urgent petitions of the clergy and Christians of the Lebanon which have been addressed to him, and it has become a question whether the British ought not to NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, MARCH 31, 1861. sacrifice policy in favor of humanity and agree to the presence of the French till the Christians feel more confident of their safety from any further attacks on the part of their enemies. ‘The permanent occupation of Syria would, of course, only be a source of weakness to France without some return being made, and it is by no means likely that she would con- tinue the occupation long without the prospect ofeuch. The shape thatthe affair would as- sume is easily conjecturable. A demand would be made on the Porte for remuneration, and if not immediately complied with, it would be followed by a seizure of the local revenues. The government might then make arrange- ments for the transfer in its favor of the rights of French capitalists who have made advances on Turkish sources of income, and by that means France would be able to establieh its own revenue collectors at the Syrian ports and enjoy the virtual sovereignty of the country. Meanwhile Russia, profiting by the example, would be working out @ similar echeme in Eu- ropean Turkey. Whe Custem House im Revoiution—In- congruities of the Morrill Taciff. The clerks in the Custom House have been in a fever of excitement for the past month. Anxiety as to who would succeed in obtaining the posts of Collector, Naval Officer and Sur- veyor has been depicted on the coumtetiances of all the employ“s. The new tariff has alse received a full share of their attention, and maledictions loud and |’ deep have been cast on it by those who have failed in their endeavors to understand its com- plications. The clerks find many difficulties in the way of earrying it out, mot knowing some cases whether to act as the bill evidently means or to stick to its literal construction. They find in it, for instance, the following pro- vision:— On all wool unmanufactured, and all hair of the alpaca goat and other like animals unmanuf:ctured, the value whercof at the last port or place from whence exported to the United States sball be less than eighteen cents per , five per centum ad valorem shall be levied; exceeding eighteen cents per pound, and not exceed: twenty-1our cents per pound, there shall be levied, . lected and paid a duty of three ceats per pound Now, the evident meaning of this is, that all wool unmanufactured, &»., &c., the value whereof at the last port or place from whence exported to the United States shall be eighteen cents or less per pound, shall pay five per cent ad valorem. But no such thing is said. It is only specified that wool below eigh- teen cents per pound in value shaM pay a cer- tain rate, and wool above eighteen cents per pound shall pay another rate. Wool valued at. exactly eighteen cents per pound is not men- tioned. Now, shall the government exact five per cent ad valorem, three cents per pound, or admit the goods free? This question, and many eimilar ones, will have to be submitted to the Secretary of the Treasury, and will give rise to much discussion and litigation in the courts. But the upshot will be. that the importer will have the benefit of the doubt. Again, hardware is usually imported in casks or packages containing different articles, which, under the tariff of 1857, have been admitted under the uniform rate of twenty-four per cent: An importer orders so many dozen or gross of @ certain article from the manufacturer in Eu- rope. These articles vary greatly in value. They are never paid for by the pound, and no accouat has been kept of the number of pounds shipped. They are packed in casks promis- cuously, articles of considerable value being associated with those of very small value. But under the new arrangement each article will have to be taken from the cask, examined, in- spected, classified, the duty levied, and then put back again by the appraiser. All this trouble will be repeated by the importer when the goods arrive at his store. It may happen in some cases that the goods will come under the provision of section 32, which reads as fol- lows :-— That when merchandise of the same material or de- scription, but of different values, are invoiced at an average price, and not otherwise provided for, the duty shall be assessed upon the whole invoice at the rate the highest valued goods in such invoice are subject to under this act. This would be manifestly unjust to the im- porter. Another difficulty has been discovered in carrying out the provisions of this act. Section 33 reads as follows :— And be it further enscted, That all goods, wares and merchanoise actually on shipboard and bound to the United States, within fifteen days of the passage of this act, and all goods, wares and merchandise in deposit in warehouse or public store on the first day of Apri, eighteen hundred and sixty one, shall be subject to pay such duties as provided by law before and at the time of the paseage of this act; and all goods in warehouse at the time this act takes effect, on which the duties are lessen. ed by its [henge od may bo withdrawn on payment of the duties herein provided. It is well known that sugar and molasses have to pay a reduced duty—a reduction made in order to give a parting slap at the South. Under the tariff of 1857 the duty levied on these articles was twenty-four per cent ad valorem. Under the tariff of 1861 it is three-fourths of one cent per pound and two cents per gallon respectively. Sugar and molasses have been entered on the warebouse books of the Custom House by the hogshead, tierce or barrel, not by the pound. True, an account of the total number of pounds or of gallons in the invoice has been put on the books after “ liquidation;” but this is on the debit side, meant merely to governits shipment, iu bond, to foreign ports or to another port of the United States. When withdrawn for this pur- pose an account o/ the number of pounds has been made on the credit side of the books; but in case of withdrawal tor consumption no such account has been made, consequently the clerks find on the debit side the total number of pounds warehoused; on the credit, a partial account of the pounds withdrawn, resulting from the different kinds of withdrawals, viz: for consumption or for export. It will be seen from this that it will be impossible to tell how many pounds or gallons remain in store (a know- ledge of which is necessary to levy a specific duty of three-quarters of one cent per pound, or of two cents per gallon), without a remea- surement and a reweighing. Such are the in- consistencies of the measure through which a republican administration calculates on raising a revenue sufficient for its wants during the coming four years. It requires no great saga- city to foresee that it will fall miserably short of its object. Tun Savaces or Crvt.ization.—We published yesterday some information from Buenos Ayres that calls for the immediate attention of the Christian Powers. Aberastain, a rebel chief, having been defeated by an officer of Urquiza’s government, surrendered himself as a prisoner of war. He was murdered and his body cut into pieces. Urquiza’s soldiers then proceeded to perpetrate the most brutal outrages, violat- ing Aberastain’s daughters in the public square, and putting to death every grown man in the town of Ban Juan. The commander then writes to his superiors “that the law bas been vindi- cated.” There is a lesson in these occurrences for us, and it is with shame that we are obliged to say that we are powerless to interfere. A government which sanctions such barbarity as that above mentioned should be made to un- derstand that the spirit of the age is not that of feudalism or vandalism, Urquiza,in case he does not punish the savages who sacked San Juan, ehould have a severe rap at the hands of France or England. Pouise Nationatrry.—The fire of nationality still burns in the Polish breast, notwithstand- ing the butchering of Constantine and the iron rule of Nicholas. In spite of Russian surveil- lance, the prohibition of seditious books and newspapers, and the system of Russianizing practiced throughout the whole of the Polish territory during the last sixty-five years, the traditions of the old monarchy are known and cherished by the entire population. The Polish youth are made familiar, from their cradles, with the legends of their country, aad thus, from sire to son, has their melancholy history been handed down, by word of mouth, against which Russian censorship is unavailing. And these oral revelations have not fallen lightly upon the ear of the present generation of Poles—for Poles they atill call themselves— who, stimulated by the wonderful successes of Garibaldi and his volunteers in defeating a hundred thousand men, and the hope that the second empire of France is anxious to do what the first left undone, by restoring the Polish nationality, are making another struggle for a separate national existence. We may here enumerate the leading histori- cal points bearing upon the recent disturbances at. Warsaw. At the dismemberment of Poland in 1773, when she had a population of fifteen millions and an area greater than that of France, the neighboring Powers of Russia, Prussia and Austria appropriated nearly a third of the ter- ritory. In 1793 a second partition took place, when Russia and Prussia absorbed more than half of the remaining portion; and two years later a third partition erased Poland entirely from the list of nations. From 1815 till 1830 Poland, like {reland at the present day, was a constituted kingdom under the sway of the Emperor of Russia. But in the latter year a revolution took place, which terminated with the bloody battle of Grochow, in 1831, The Russians, who were commanded by Diebitech, the victor of the Turkish war, were numerous and well equipped, and the engagement took place under the walls of Wareaw, for the possession of that city. But, although it resulted in the surrender of the Poles, it was so far undecided that both sides have since claimed the victory. Poland was, in 1832, declared an integral part of the Rus- sian empire. It has been the custom for the Poles to celebrate the anniversary of the battle of Grochow, but not ostentatiously. At the last anniversary, the 25th of February, how- ever, the youth of Warsaw decided upon hav- ing a demonstration. It was their first inten- tion to march in solemn procession to the field of battle, and there perform a funeral service over their fallen brethren. But they were pre- vented from this by a strong force of cavalry and artillery posted near the spot. They there- fore resglved upon forming a torchlight pro- cession, in which the Polish banner—a white eagle on a scarlet ground—was to be carried. Dense masses of people collected, and the cavalry charged. Light were killed and seve- ral wounded. The wildest excitement prevail- ed during the next day, and the massacre of the previous evening was the absorbing topic of conversation. On the 27th masses of people again collected, and the Chief of Police, who happened to be passing in his drosky, was at- tacked by the infuriated mob, and would very probably have been torn to pieces but for the interference of a company of infantry that drove the crowd back with their bayonets, and subsequently fired a volley, by which five per- sons were killed and about thirty wounded. After this the corpses were placed on biers and carried through the streets of Warsaw, fol- lowed by nearly the whole male population of the city, singing a funeral dirge, and uttering the cry of “ Down with the Muscovites.” The troops were ordered into the citadel, and tranquillity, the world is informed, again reigns in Warsaw. But what sort of tranquillity, and for how long? The inhabitants of Warsaw have, in the name of the Polish nation, since addressed a petition to the Emperor for the restoration of the constitutional government, abolished by Nicholas in consequence of the revolution of 1831. This outbreak at Warsaw has already had its effect upon Austrian and Prussian Poland, where the people are ripe for revolation; and the love of nationality is so deeply rooted in mankind, and particularly in the Polish breast, that when a favorable oppor- tunity offers we may anticipate a general up- rising of the whole population of Poland against the Powers that oppress them. Tae Rervprican Party anp TaEm Prorrs. SIONS FoR THE Poor.—During the late Presi- dential campaign republican speakers, orators and writers were never tired of talking about the poor, of freedom, free labor, and freeevery- thing elee. All the landless were also to be provided with free farms. What are their practices? They have passed a tariff which imposes prohibitory taxes on the importation of heavy woollen goods, such as pilot clothe, used by the masses for overcoats, and also on coarse blankets, flannels, broadcloths, heavy coarse carpets, hosiery, &c, while fine quali- ‘ties of broadcloths, cassimeres, blankets, flan nels, &c., worn chiefly by the rich, have a light duty imposed upon them, as they are all taxed by weight. Salt is acknowledged to be a universal necessary of life, and is indispensably ne- eessary in the curing of meats; yet this ar- ticle, which every poor man must use, is enor- mously taxed. It is well known that Turks Islands salt, produced by solar evaporation, is the only kind used in the United States for cur- ing beef, pork, &c. American boiled salt con- tains so much lime as to render it unfit for that purpose. It has not the requisite penetrative strength. All government contracts require that its provisions shall be cured with Turks Islands salt. The duty in the Morrill tariff is four cents per bushel of 56 Ibs. on this ealt, which weighs about 80 Ibs. to the bushel. This makes the duty very near six cents per bushel, and as the prime cost at Turke Islands is only seven to eight centa per bushel, it shows the tax to be nearly 100 per cent. Those who use it in curing provisions will, of course, add this additional cost to their prices, which the consumers, in- cluding the laboring classes, must pay. Liver- pool salt is aleo heavily taxed. A duty of six cents per bushel of 56 lbs. is imposed upon it, while a bushel weighs about 63 Ibs. A ton of this salt (2.200 Ibs) in Liverpool costs 5s. 6d. sterling, or about $1 37 1-2, while the duty on the ton will amount to about $2 40, or to near- ly 100 per cent. This, too, on an article which finds its way into everybody’s dish. This is protecting free labor with a vengeance. The Syracuse ealt boilers are favored individuals. They receive a bounty from the State, and the republicans have given them an additional ad- vantage by taxing the whole country for their benefit. The use of American salt, even for the table, is not considered so healthy as that manufactured at Turks Islands. The quantity of lime and other foreign ingredients are con- sidered to deteriorate from its quality, if not in some cases to unfavorably affect the digestive organs; while salt procured by solar evapora- tion is known to possess a high degree of healthy purity. If there is any one article of foreign production which should come into the country free, it is ealt, and especially Turks Islands, it being of « kind that cannot be pro- duced in the United States. From the fore- going exposition of the new tariff, it may be seen how little the republicans now regard the interests of the poor, for whom they professed so much love during the late political cam- paign. The Ilinots Banks. Cmcado, IIL, March 30, 1861. ‘Tho banks of this city, on Monday, the 1st of April, will throw out the motes of the following thirty-two Illinois banks: — @bion, Frontier, Bentoa, Grand Prairie, Carmei, Minois State, Chester, Lancaster, * Federal Union, Merchants’ a Drovers’, ’ iver, bile, New ‘rbot’ ~ Prairie Stato Canal, 5 Citizens’, Railroad, Commercial of New Haven, Shawnese, Continental, jaion, Corn Planters’. Pike County, Farmers’ and Traders’, County, Farmers’ Bank of Illinois, County, i al Bank of New Can- Sou! Tlinois. ‘These banks have a circulation of about three and a half millions of dollars based upon Missouri, Tennessee end Louisiana stocks. The present market rate of the securities of the notes is 85 to 90 cents on the dollar. The Chicago Post Office—Alleged Arrears. A Cmcaco, March 30, 1861. ‘Thomas P. Shallcross, special agent of the Post Office Department, took charge of the post office in this city to- day, by order of President Lincoln, for causes of alleged arrears and faulty ‘accounts running through even a longer period than the present quarter. ‘The city is rife with rumors in regard to the mattor. Many of them are doubtless exaggerated. Presentation of a Service of Silver to Col- lector Whitney of Boston, &. Bostox, March 20, 1861. Collector Whitney, who retires on Monday, was to-day presented with a service of silver plate, costing six hun- dred dollars, by the employés of the Custem House. Mr. Goodrich, who assumes the office on Monday, has appoint- ed E. W. B. Canning, of Stockbridge , Deputy Collector. ‘Tho United States District Court, Judge Clifferd presid- ing, adjourned this forenoon on the announcement of the death of Judge Shaw. News from Pike’s Peak. Fort Kearny, March 28, 1861. ‘The Western stage, with mails and passengers, and Hinckly’s express for Omaha, passed here at four P. M., bringing the following despatch:— 5 Denver, March 25, 1861. ‘The daily yield of gold im the mines is very rapidly in- creasing. ‘The mills are nearly all getting to work, many of them with the new gold saving process. The popula- tion on the Blue Rim slope has doubled in the last month. That district will be a great theatre of gold mining ope- rations. The road over the Snowy Range, between the South and Middie forks, is open for pack animais but not for wagons. Emigrants from the States are beginning to arrive. The r is very fine, ‘The Loss of the Ship William Hammond. * Boston, Marelt 30, 1861. The British ship William Hammond, from Sew Orieans for Cork, was abandoned on the 16th instant, in latitude 85 degrees, lopgitude 65 degrees. The.crew, twenty-four in number, were taken off by the Dutch brig Sirene, which has arrived here from Rotterdam. The Old Colony and Fall River Ratl- road. Bostox, March 30, 1961. Tho Senate yeeterday, after ten hours’ devate, passed to its first reading the ‘bill allowing the Old Coloay and Fall River railroads to extend tho oad to the State line, in order to establish a railroad connection with Newport. Tho vote was 16 to 12. Death of Ex-Chicf Justice Shaw. Bostox, March 30, 1861. Lemuel Shaw, late Chief Jystice of Massachusetts, died this morning at his*residence, Mt. Vernon street. He fell dead while conversing, and being in the act of Greasing himeelf, in his room. He has iately been in feeble health. The Great Western Railway. Hamivron, C W., March 30, 1861. ‘The Great Western Railway traffic for une woek ending yesterday was $60 800—an increase of $4,600 over the corresponding week of last year. Lake Navigation, CLavELAND, March 30, 1861. ‘The ecrow steamer Olian, of the New York and Erie Railroad lino, arrived nero this morniog from Dunkirk All the steamers of this line will now run regularly for the Beason. Markets. PHILADELPHIA STOCK BOARD. Biocks dull. Ponneytvania sate Bn Bic, ‘Renin hu! 1a 8 ) BEG; ie , 6334; Leng latand Railroad, (1;; Peansylvanis Railroad, 4:4. Sight exchange on'New York at par a 1-10 per cont discount. New Orueans, March 29, 1861. Cotton—Sales of 460 bales to-day at 12%c a 13e. for middling. Sales of the week, 52 000 bales; receipts @ the week, 18,260 bales, ogainet 38 000 in the same week of Inst year; exports of the week, 44.£00 bales, total ex ports this season, 1,614,000 bales; decreased receipts at ‘this port, 304 500 bales; do. a+ all Svutnern ports, 749 600 bales; stock in port, 218,600 bales. Freighte—Cotion tv Liver 244. tins Partapenraa, March 30, 1861. Flour advanced 126,: sales supertiog at $6 26. Whe it— Sales 2,000 bushels, at $1 S24 $1 43 for red, ano $1 60 for white. Corn active: sales of new yellow at 500. a Glo. Whiskey steady at 173¢c. a 18c. Police Intelligenec. Bow Avremrt at Ronukry —On Friday evening, about balf-past seven o'clock, two robbers entered the resi dence of Mrs Wittenberg, No. 66 Forsyth etroot, while the family were at euppor in tho basement, and ran sacked ali the upper portion of the bonse, opening ba reaus, trunks, boxes and closets, Mrs. Wittcuberg, on going to the hail to lyht che gas, came in contact with them, one coming out of the parlor, the other dowu stare, The alarm was given, whon the thieves mate their eecape out of the front door. The rooms were opened with faise keys, PrrsoxaTine 18 Poucr.—Thomas Kelly and William White were arrested on Tacsday morning on board the brig Richard Low, at pier No. 18 Bast river, on charge of Forecast the police. The prisoners were caught on pard thé brig under circumstances which led one of the sailors to believe that they were river thieves, whon to relieve themselves from eupicion they produce: « va tge with the word ‘Police’ painted thereon, and claimea that they were genuine Mctropolitans. The satior not ve heving in the truth of their assertion calied upon officor Cohen, of the First precinct, acd hal the impostor ar rested. prisovers were subsequently brought before Jastice Kelly at the fombe and committed. Brarixe mie Lion ix His Dex.—Two lads, named John Carroll and Jobn Fitzsimmons, undertook to break iato the dwelling house of Sergeant Cropsey , of the Lower Po. lice Court, Tuesday afternooa, while the family wore at dinner. Croprey caught a glimpee of the juveniles from the basement window, aod running out captured them both. The boys bad no idea, they said, that the: wore breaking into a poltcoman’s house, never have attempted the thing. The magi: could not excuse such ignorance in young Pp ing such rare advantages aa the prisoners did, and oor. mitted them to the Tombs to answer. Pronsniy Fatat Assavit.—Josoph M. Vaughan, mate of the bark Almena, late from Giasgow, Scotlant, war arrested on Tharaday by officers Robb and Delany, of the Yourth ward, charged with felonious assault upoo samuel Powell, 8 seamon on board the vessel. Powell was founs by the police in a drug store in Roosovelt sireet, in a ato of insonsibility from a compound fracture of the skuil, caused by a with a hatebet. Hoe was taken to the New York Hospital, and the police having «ia- covered that Powell was injured in an aifray witn Vang ban on board the bark at Grosnpoint, Lf, at once started for that place and arrested Vaughan, whom they brought 10 the city Fagor morning. tho prisoner was brought before Juatior Keily and committed to await the reeuit of Powell's injuries, It appears that th: wounded man provoked Vaughan to agaaalt him by using insulting language. The phgsiciaos at the hospital think ‘Vhat tho injuries received py Powell will prove fatal, ¢ General Don Miguel Miramon, E1-Pre- sidemt ef Mexico. ‘This persomage, 0 distinguished in the three yours civil war just terminated ia Mexico, and whose career has been +0 singular during that bloody and eveatful period, arrived im this city on Friday,on board the Quaker City. Don Miguel Miramoa was born im 1832, and is, there- fore, now in ‘he twenty-ninth year of his age. He first ‘appeared as « prominent actor in the political events of his country in the winter of 1858, whem Zuloaga as_ fumed th reins of power by a revolutionary reaction which overturned ths government of Comonfort and Placed him in the Presidential chair. On the death of the young General Osollo, who died at San Luis Potoal, im the summer of 1+59, Miramon was appointed to the com- mand of the reactionary army, and soon afterwards completely defeated General Vidaurri, Governor of Nueva Leon and Coahuila, near the city of San Luis Potesi (3ep- tember 29). Subsequently, he marched against the city of Guadalajara, routed General Degollado, who bad march- ¢d out to meet him, and took possession of that city. The next event of importance was his appointment as Presi- dont ad interim by Zuloaga, when he organized am xpédition against Vera Cruz, and in March, 1860, tsid siege to that important place, where the liberal govern- ment was thon exercising its authority as pest it could. ‘The result of that siege, so disastrous to Miramon, is wely known. After the action of the United States squadron, by which he lost the vessels he had bought and equipped ‘o assist him in the siege, and one or two unsuccessful ‘attacks on thé land side, he retired from before its walls ~ with a emall remnant of the 6,000 men he led against it, ‘and, after a toilsome and perilous march, arrived at the capital towards the middle of April, ontering that city ‘with only 200 men. Gen. Uraga, after his victory over La Vega, at San Luis Potosi (March 21), in which his opponent was made pri- soner, marched on Guanajuato, where he encamped. In the meantime Miramon was busy organizing another ar- my, preparatory to his taking the field once more; but his enemies were quietly at work. On the very day—May 1—that he intended leaving the capital for Oajaca, Zulos- ga’s decree appeared deposing Miramon from his office of President ad interim. The latter immediately sent his friend Lagarde, then Chief of Police, to arrest Zuloaga and ‘ook him ‘up in the National Palace, which was done; aud, after delaying his departure till the 10th, probably to as- eure himself that everything was quiet, he left the capi- talon May 10 for Queretaro, taking Zuloaga with bim ‘a8 prisoner, and obliging him, according to some accounts, to march in the ranks in full court dress. Tho city of Guadalajara was at that time besieged by Ogazon and Valle, the garrison making an obstinate defeace under the well known church leaders, General Woll and Castillo, To this point Uraga was mow directing his march from Guanajuato. Miramon advanced on the latter place, following on Uraga’s rear. This general, finding himself in front of Guadalajara, with the redoubtable Miramon in his rear, endeavored to better his position by carrying the city, if possible, by a coup de main. Aocord- ingly, on May 2%, the assault was made with great gallantry, and vigorously resisted. The liberals had ac- tually penetrated to the market place, and Uraga’s ef- forts were on the point of being crewned with success, vweben a cannon ball shattered one of his legs, and his mea were seized with dismay and retreated, leaving the wounded genera. in the hands of his enemies. Miramon entered the city mext day, and the beatea liberals drew off to the mountains, under Ogazon, Valle, Berriozabal and other leaders. On June 8 Miramon left Guadalajara in pursuit of those forces, but was un- able to do anything, and for the remainder of that mont remained in the salt marshes of Sayula, where his men suffered considerably. In the same month General Ortega beat Ramirez at Penuclas, and thea joined Ogazon and Valle, who were 60 emboldened that they recommenced the siege of Guadalajara in July, aud threatened to sur- round and cut off Miramon, whose forces were numeri- cally inferior. This personage, therefore, once more oc- oupied Guanajuato, and quietly watched the progress of events. July passed without any event occurring worthy of notice. In the beginning of August Miramon learned that Doblado, with about five thousand men, was marching to join Urtega. He immediately cosceived the idea of cutting him off, and for that pur- pose moved off quictly by taking a paratel ime of march, with the intention of falling on his rear. <A deserter, however, brought word of his design to Doblado, who instantly changed his route and took the astute Miramon by surprise at Lagos, near Siloa, about forty miles from Guanajuato. Miramon’s force was not mbre than half that of Doblado; yet he succeeded in cut- ting his way through, with the loss, however, of all his artillery and baggage, and made his way back to the ‘The battle of Lagos, as that fight is called, gave great hopes to the liberals, and their ranks were strengtheaed by numbers of volunteers, who flocked in crowds te Dobiado and Uraga. On his return Miramon had himself declared President by the Ccunci) of State; and, fearing the advance of the liberals, tmmodiately commenced fortity- ing the city, and soom assembl:d an army of some ten thousand men, for whose support he made forced Joans, exercising, in ali his measures, the most deepotic authority, not ecrupling even to break into the British Consulate and abstract money there deposited. ‘The fall of Guadalajara, which, after a siege of more than seven months, yielded to Ortega October 20, 1860, en- ‘abled the liberals to concentrate their forces round the capital. Miramon, finding his cause failing, bis genorals unlucky and himself driven to the wall, determined to beat his encircling enemies im detail, if possible, and with that view, on Sunday, the 9th of last December, made a descent on Toluca, a small town south of the capital, where Berriozabal commanded a force of some four thousand men, most ef whom, however, were absent on foraging expeditions, so that when Miramoo arrived there were not more than 800 men, who made some attempt at defence, but were over- powered in less than a quarter of an hour. An eyewit. ness thus describes the scene:— The day being Sunday, Berriezabal and most of bis men were lounging aout in the town, amusing them- selves, whet sudcenly a horseman dashed througa tho main street, that the enemy were coming. al- most at the same moment the Miramonists eotercd by three different ways. One body, at the head of which rode General Negrete, came down tho main street, where Berriozabal was endeavoring to rally a hancful of men to resist the invaders. On seeing Negrete dashed hie horse straight at him, while Berrioza- bai cooily drew his revolver and fired four shots at the ouber, but without effect. Negrete imstantly drew up, deliberately levelted hs pistol wt point olumk range, and tired, wound pg in the head who feli, svanaed, aud was immediately seized. The wound was, fortunate- ly, very sight. While this was tranepiricg Marquez reacheo the scene, and, dismounting among a crowa of ciemayed townspeople, offered movey to any who would show hum whore the other leaders were concealed. Some one, probabiy througn fear, showed him the house—a kind of tavern—s«here Gen. Degotlado was, into which Ab mic Of Marquez’s entered, and putting a pistol to we head of the proprietor competied him to surrender the old General, Who came from bebind a of old baskous and rubbish. General Degolado hed just disc ssed from the cummand in chief of the liberal army, and was, together with one of hie sons, in Coiuca by mere acct deat. Another gereral officer’ was found, and the next morting the prisokers were marched off to the capital. Just one week from his return from Toluca, on the 19th of December, Wiramon marched out with ali his forces, numbering about 8,000 men, to attack Ortega, Degol- indo’s successor to the commund in chief, who had fully 12,600 men under bis immediate ordors, and war supported by detachments amounting to eizht or ton thousacd men more, encamped at various places withia sound of his cannon. Considering that Ortega was posted in an advaptsgeous position on the heights of San Miguel Caictvalpan, at a cietance of at loast fifty miles from the capital, Surrounded by numerous divisions of the Loerad army, ull, 60 to speak, within call, and having to march literally through an enemy’s country, Miramon’s undertaking Was undoubtedly very daring. Morcover, he could not rely on bis own troops, as the sequel taily showed. He reached Ortega’s outzosts on the night of tho 21st, and on the next morning, at cight o'clock, the batue commenced, which only lasted two hours, a large number of Miramon’s mon deserting to the liberals in the heat of the fight. Those who remained faichtal to Lum wore eat to pleses or captured; yot, strange to aay, not one of the numerous generals who accompanied him was either taken or wounded. File power was now at an end. Accompanied by his generals and a mall cecort, he flod at top epeed to the capital, whero, as he was entering, his horse foll dead under him, Next day he disappeared, and with his usual daring made his way to Vera Cruz, Once he was sar. rounded by @ small party, who recognized him through hie diguiee; but he rapidly emptied his revolvers amoug them and escaped, leaving seven of the party killed and wounded on the ground. While at Vera Grug ho rematued wits the Froneh Consul till he arranged his departure from the country, aod on the let of February embarked for Havana on board the Spanieh war steamer Velasco, Apart from hie politionl views, Miramon possesses toany elements which, under othe# and more favorable circumstances, would make him’, greater man thao he is. At ail events, hie indomitable courage, both moral and phyetoal; bis trou foree @f character and decision, nia U Fh j 4"