The New York Herald Newspaper, February 15, 1861, Page 4

4 ——— —_——— —— ° NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GUKDOS BENVETT, EDIPUK AND PROPRIEIUR, OFFICE N. W. VOKNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. AMUSEMENTS THIS BYRNING, NIBLO’S GARDEN, Broadway —PizaRKo. WINTER GARDEN, Broadway, opposite Bond atreet,— Msronaxt oF Verice—Mannixn Rake, WaLLAOK'S THEATRE, Broadway.—Cenraat Pann LAUKA KEENB'S THEATRE, No. 6% Broaaway.— Bxvew SueTERS a: NEW SOWKRY TUBATBE, Bowery.—A Nigar wm Won- pen Wort. . NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery,—Esxnratpa—Coou as « Cucumper—Inisu Moy BARNUM'S AMERIOAN MUSEUM, Broadway.—ihsy and Evening—Tuw Lapy or rams, &0, Br. Teores—Livine Cuntost- MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broad. Songs, Dances, £0.—S0KNRS at ‘TS’ HOOMY & CAMPBELL'S MINSTRELS, Niblo’s Saloon, BTw1oriaN Sonas, Dances, BURLESQUKS, &0.— JALLFORNIANS. CANTERBURY MUSIO HALL Broadway.—Tiut Bors, Sones, Danoxs, Burixsquxs, &0. MELODEON, No, 639 Broadway.—-Sovas, Danczs, Sun unsauxs, £0. New York, Friday, February t5, 1561, The News. The committee of the Peace Convention to whom was entrusted the task of devising an ad- justment of the troubles of the nation were busy at their work yesterday. Everything has, it is reported, been arranged, on the basis of Mr. Guth- " rie's proposition, excepting the territorial question. On this point, while the border State members de- sire a permanent settlement, by including all terri-. tory now held or that may be hereafter acquired, the Northern republicans desire a temporary set- tlement by applying the compromise to existing territory only. The committee will probably report a plan to the Convention to-day. One of our Washington correspondents furnishes important. information respecting a very material point in the inaugural address of the President elect. This document, it is stated, is already per- fected, while it does not violate the principles of the C zo platform, opens the door for an amicable adjustment of pending difficulties by an appeal to the people, through a constitutional con- vention. In Congress yesterday the Senate adopted a resolution appointing a committee to make ar- rangements for the inauguration of Mr. Lincoln. Bills organizing the Territory of Nevada and to provide a government for Dacotah Territory were reported. A large number of memorials relative to the crisis were presented. The Tariff bill was taken up, and Mr. Hunter spoke against it, and Mr. Simmons in its favor. After an executive session, during which Mr. Pettit was defeated as Judge for Kansas, the Senate adjourned. In the House a select committee was appointed, with power to send for persons and papers, to in- quire into a charge made in a New York morning newspaper, to the effect that certain seceding members of Congress haye fraudulently obtained books from the Congressional Library and appro- priated them to their own use. The Pacific Rail- road bill was taken up, and the clause providing that the Central road shall go via Fort Riley from the mouth of the Kansas river was struck out. The subject was then laid aside, and Mr. Camp- bell, of Peunsylvania, made a speech on the crisis. The special committee on the alleged conspiracy to attack the capital reported that they are unani- mously of the opinion that the evidence produced before them does not prove the existence of a secret organization in Washington or else- where hostile to the government, that has for its object, upon its own responsibility, an attack upon the capital or any other of the public property, or an interruption of any of the functions of the government. Mr. Branch, of North Carolina, presented a report setting forth that there are seven companies of artillery and one of sappers and miners quartered at the capi- tal, and concluding with the following :—“That the quartering of troops of the regular army in this District and around the Capitol, when not necessary for their protection from a hostile ene- my, and during the session of Congress, is impo- litic and offensive, and, if permitted, may become destructive of civil liberty; and, in the opinion of this House, the regular troops now in it ought to be forthwith removed therefrom.” This elicited a ‘warm discussion, and the proposition was finally Jaid on the table by a vote of 125 to 35. The ten cases of muskets intended for Georgia, ‘and seized by the police, have been replevined by H, B. Cromwell & Co. The gunpowder seized by the police on Wednesday, and also intended for Georgia, will not, it is said, be replevined, as the legal proceedings would probably cost as much are worth. Proceedings, however, in order to strengthen the admitted Hlegelity of such seizures, Considerable amusement was created amongst the guests of the Astor House yesterday on ob- serving that several gentlemen, hailing from the State of Georgie, annexed the initials 8. C. to the name of the Siate, which initials were, after soma discussion, decided to signify Southern Confede- racy. In ta State Senate yesterday a number of bills were reported upon favorably; but they were nearly all of interest only to special localities, The biil incorporating the Veteran Corps of the National Guard was passed. The resolution from the Assembly appointing Frank Granger to the place in the Washington Peace Conference Com- mission made vacant by the resignation of Thur- low Weed was again up, but was tabled. A bill to provide for the completion of the canals of the State was introduced. Inthe Assembly another opening was made for further tinkering in refe- rence to our City Chamberlainship, by the intro- duction of a bill to regulate the teoure and term of office of that functionary. A bill was also in- troduced for taxing the people of this city to pay each member of the Common Council for the years 1866 and 1859 a salary of $1,200 per annum. The bill for the relief of the sufferers in Kansas again came up, and, after being amended by reducing the amount from $100,000 to $50,000, was passed. The steamship New York, from Southampton onthe 29th alt., arrived at this port yesterday morning. Her advices are two days later thau those previously received, but are not important. The Independance Belge says that @ verbal communication had been made by Prince Metter- nich to M. Thouvenel, in which Austria declared that she should consider as @ oasus belli with Piedmont an attack by Garibaldi upon any point whatsoever of the Austrian territory. It is added that Austria, in this communication, expressed the wish to respect Lombardy, and that M. Thouvenely in taking note of this declaration, observed that if, in an eventuality such as that which Prince Met- ternich had referred to, the Austrian government employed German federal contingonta, France would consider that fact a violation of the prin- ciple of non-intervention. Extensive warlike preparations are going for- ward in France. The Emperor has resolved to construct, with all despatch, ten iron caged frigate of the La Glotre class. “The situation of affairs in Hungary,” says tho Nord, “is most grave. The Vienna journals themselves, while approving of the Intentions which dictated the manifesto of the 10th, fear that To the employment of fora® may lead fo 4 formidable | crisis, and that triumphant reaction may stifle the first commencement of the constitutional régime 4 in the other countries of the Crown.” We reproduce this morning several extracts from the London press apon the American crisis which will repay perusal. ry the New York's mails we have further par- liculars of the great case of Patterson vs. Bona- parte, which was opened at Paris, before the First Chambers of the Civil Tribunal of the Seine, on | Friday, the 26th of last month, as our readers are | aware from what has already appeared in the Hrraup. From the very natural curiosity which | the case excites, the court room was as full as it could possibly be. The proceedings were opened by M. Legrand, avoué for Mrs. Elizabeth Patterson, presenting the following conclusions:— “That it may please the Tribunal to declare the marriage contracted on the 24th of December, 1803, between the late Prince Jerome and Eliza- beth Patterson valid. And also to take judicial cognizance (donner acte) that M. Bonaparte, while demanding that the marriage of ‘the 24th of December, 1803, may be declared valid, has never had any intention to contest, and does not now contest, the civil and political effects of the union contracted in 1807 by his father with the Princess Catherine of Wartemburg.” M. Kerryer followed on the same side in an uninter- rupted speech of four hours and a half, when the Court rose for a recess, On resuming, M. Al- jon opened the case for Prince Napoleon, and was bold enough to say that the eloquent advocate opposed to him “had very little hopes of win- ning his case.” He rests his case entirely upon the law of France at the time, of the provisions of which, he says, Miss Patterson was well aware, when she said, “If I can be his wife but for an hour 1 will run the risk;’’ and that, knowing the legal objections to the marriage, she had not con- tracted it in good faith. On the conclusion of his speech the Court adjourned for a week. The Voris papers are absolutely silent on the subject— even the fact of the trial is not mentioned in their news columns, The Board of Aldermen did not organize last evening for want.of a quorum. The Board of Councilmen met Jast evening, and disposed of considerable routine business. A peti- tion was received from the officers of the Twelfth regiment, asking that the sum of $20,500 might be inserted in the tax levy in order to furnish the re- giment with an armory. The Committee on Ordi- nances reported an ordinance to prevent the sprinkling of salt in the streets, attaching a penalty of $250 for the commission of that offence by any person or railroad company. The ordinance was adopted. An ordinance for the preservation of the public lamps was also adopted, the penalty for breaking or mutilating any of the lamps being $5. A fine of $10 will be imposed upon any person who shall remove any public lamppost, and a penalty of $25 will be inflicted upon those indi- viduals who remove lampposts placed in front of their premises. The report of the Committee on Finance on the Comptroller's estimates for the present year was referred to the Finance Commit- tee of the Board; also a report for the further im- provement of the Central Park. The Street Com- missioner was instructed to report the number of piers in the city, and the cost for repairs during the last five years. A resolution was adopted in favor of appointing a joint special committee to inquire into certain charges made by the Tribune in reference to the confirmation of the contract for cleaning the streets adop‘ed on Monday by the Common Council. The Special Committee of the Common Council appointed to arrange for extending the hospitali- ties of the city to the President elect held another meeting yesterday. Though it was nearly of two hours’ duration, we only ascertained that the com- mittee had decided on the route to be taken by the President from the railroad depot to his hotel. This4s stated elsewhere. One hundred thousand dollars were advanced yesterday to the Board of Commissioners of Chari- ty and Correction by Mr. Daniel Devlin, the new Chamberlain. This action, in default of the final passage of the annual appropriation, is most ac- ceptable, inasmuch as it enables the Commis- sioners to continue uninterrupted in their efforts to relieve the wants of the poor at this severe juncture. The usual meeting of the Commissioners of Cha- rities and Correction took place yesterday. The report of the Committee of the Whole stated that there are a few cases of smallpox in the Alms- house and Workhouse, and that in other respects they are in good condition. It presented no other features of special interest. There are 9,112 in- mates in the institutions at present—an increase of 27 for the past week. The number admitted dur- ing the week was 2,021; and those discharged, transferred or who died numbered 1,994. Charles M. Jefferds, charged with the Walton- Mathews murders, was brought before Judge Leonard yesterday at three P.M. on a writ of habeas corpus. Messrs. James T. Brady and A. Oakey Hall argued at length for his discharge, on the ground of his detention being unlawful, several terms having passed without his trial. The motion was opposed by Mr. John A. Anthon, Assistant District Attorney. Judge Leonard will decide on Saturday at ten A. M. In the Post Office Defaleation case the jury yes- terday decided that George Law and Gustavus A. Conover were not liable on the bonds given for Mr. Fowler, he being a defaulter at the time of the signing of the bonds, and the government being aware of the fact. An important case against the Metropolitan In- surance Company was decided by a jury yester- day, in the Supreme Court, in favor of the New York Belting and Packing Company? The amount involved, in twenty-two insurance eompanies, amounts to over $100,000, In the case of "Lane, mate of the bark Anna, charged with the murder of one of the six negroes on board that vessel on the voyage from Laguna to England, the jury retired at four o'clock; but not having agreed at a late hour, the Judge took a recess, In the Court of General Sessions yesterday, Wm. F. Ayres, who was convicted of having a quantity of counterfeit money in his possession, with intent to utter jt, was sent to the State prison for seven years and six months. A man named Anderson, convicted on Wednesday of an attompt at rape on the person of his daughter, was sentenced to im- prisonment in the State prison for four years and eight months, being the severest penalty the Re- corder could inflict, Other cases of minor interest were disposed of, and late in the afternoon Michael MoCarty was placed on trial for robbery in the first degree. The case will be finished this morning. We refer to the money article for the proposals of the Secretary of the Treasury for a new six per cent loan of $5,000,000 to pay off the present indebtedness of the government to its servants. The law under which the proposals are issued will Be found in the same column, Tee CoMop MATA! Vester jay, owing to the hoayinosd in sterling exchange and firmness in freighta, continued to rule dull, The sales erobraced about 900 81,000 bales, clowing on the basis of 11)g0. a 11/0. for middling up. lands. Flour at the close was more active, and firmer for medium to good grades of extra State and Western, Southern gredes word steady and prices unchanged. Wheat was in some better request, while sales wore mo- derate an’ prices easier for some grades of common quali- ties, while good to prime red and white were unchanged. Corn wes in fair activity, including purchases for export, while prices were without change of moment Pork waa dull and lower, with salen of mons at $17 a $17 25, and of Prien at $13. Sugars wees active, with sales of about 1,960 Bde. at rates given in anothor column. Coffee was quite steady, while salee wore lunited. Frights wore stoady, while engngemonte wore limited. NEF —— the TAVAIGA &. - the North, The New York Tree of yesterday laughs to scorn the avowed design df o-ffersou Davis to carry the war into the North, which, Ir ¢2¢r° be war, would undoubtedly be his game. The Southern Confederate States will not invade the North unless the North eend ships of war and armies to coerce them ; and in that event the border slave States, and all their popula. tion to a man, wiK be with the cotton States, who will be sure to cross Mason and Dixon’s line. So despicable in warlike character doo: the Tribune assume Southern men to be that it says “a small fleet of seagoing steamers and an army of twenty thousand or thirty thousand men, concentrated at New York, would keep the entire South in perpetual check, and not a man would be sent northward trom any of the Atlantio ‘or Gulf States.” Tho philosophy of this hazardous opinion is explained to be that “no nation or State with an accessible sea- board can venture on offensive operations against an enemy who commands the sea.” This might hold good in the case of an island, such as Gres Britain, whose wooden walls alone have saved her from conquest by France; but suppose England, instead of being separated from France by Dover Straits, were part of the Con- tinent of Europe, and were divided from her neighbor by a stream or only an imiginary geographical line, how long could “perfidious Albion” be saved from invasion by the fact that she held command of the sea? And of what avail would be the enemy’s command of the sea if his own land was conquered? The command of the land is much better than the command of the sea under such circumstances; and this is just the case with the Southern States. Only small forces can be transported to a distance by sea—the operations are tedi- ous, the cost enormous and the disembarkation always attended with peril; while by land, where there are no mountain basrfers or impassable rivers or chains of well manned fortresses in the way, and especially where there are railroads, a large army of 100,000 men might be suddenly concentrated at any given point on the fron- tier, and by forced marches advance upon and conquer the large and populous but unfortified cities of the North, where the invaders could find ample provisions, spoils and munitions of war; whereas, according to the statements of the republican journals, an invading Northern army could find no sustenance at the “starv- ing” South, and must perish if any acci- deat should cut it off from its base of operations or stop its supplies. But, no matter how well provisioned it might be, there would be plenty of troops at the South to take care of it. Suppose the twenty or thirty thousand men safely landed, how far would they be able to penetrate into the country before be- ing cut off from theiy ships by a larger army in their rear? As they would go to the South to “enforce the laws,” they could not lay waste the country, or seize provisions, or slaughter peaceful citizens of the United States. They could only deal with “rebels” with arms in their hands. If, therefore, the republicans can only scrape up a live army of 20,000 men, they would act a wiser part by keeping it in New York city, for its defence, than by sending it as a forlorn hope to the South, never to come back. Now, the invading Southern army would not be under the same obligations to respect persons or property at the North; for, having thrown off allegiance to the Union, they might treat all at the North as foreign foes, and waste the land by fire and sword. On the other hand, as regards the South, a sparse population, with a large area of coun- try, is rather an advantage to the invaded. This was the case in the war of La Vendee, which gave the French Directory such trouble at the time of the Revolution. An army has to travel, in such cases, immense distances without ac- complishing anything or seeing an enemy, and it is ever liable to surprise. It was this cir- cumstance that so favored the colonies when invaded by Great Britain in the Revolutionary war, She had then command of thesea. What did she achieve? In the late war with Russia, the Allied fleets swept the sea; but what did they effect on land? In the invasion of a thick- ly populated district with a large army, the conquest is greatly facilitated if it contains large cities without fortified walls, for it is proved by experience that all the population who are not soldiers are only in the way, aud a hindrance to the defence. Hence the panic in England in recent years about the capture of London by the Brench, when it was feared an invading force might be successfully landed on the coast. “Feather-bed” soldiers and amateurs, such as our militia in great part consists of, would be of very little use in real war and hard fighting. It is evident to every observer, notwithstanding the numbers of our militia on paper, and even the occasional parade of uniformed and partially drilled regiments at the North, that we are not now a military people, whatever we may have been in other days. The pro- gress of commerce and trade, and manufac- tures, while tending to wealth and luxury along the Northern seaboard, tends also to render us effeminate and unsuited for war. The degeneracy of the English population is a case in point. In the late Crimean war the recruits raised in the manufacturing towns were, from their appearance, the laughing stock of the British press They perished by thousands from the hardships of war, without a shot from the enemy. The principal part of the fighting was done by the French, who ac- cordingly received all the glory. Heretofore England obtained her fighting men from Ireland and the Highlands of Scotland. But in recent years, frem the depopulation of Ireland by famine and emigration, and owing to the high prices of labor, and to the fact of those dis- tricts of Scotland which produced the troops which won the field of Waterloo being cleared of humen inhabitants, in order to make room for the vost sheepwalks and deer parks of the Duchess of Sutherland, and other noble philanthropists, whose benevolence seeks all other objects excepting white men, Great Britaii a4 lost her stulworth, hardy warriors, and now, instead of first, ranks only second or third among the Powers of Burope. A factory population, or mechanics, or clerks, or merchants, or those employed constantly within doors, are not the stuff of which good armies are made. So that great numbers, as, for example, in the case of the Chinese, do not always show military strength, which deponds rather on the quality of the men than on their count. That the North has greatly degenerated in moilitagy prowess, while the South has greatly YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 15, 1861. “"4 Foenston of | ndynn’d, is demonstrated by the Incontestible fuots and figures to be found in the official re- turns of the War Department. In the war of the Revolution Massachusetts, then glorious Massachusetts, contributed more than double the number of men farnished by any other colony. She gave 82,206 soldiers, which can- not be altogether accounted for by the fact that the brunt of the war was at first on her own so§. Connecticut supplied 39,751; New Hampshire, 14,416; Rhode Island, 10,047; while New York gave 21,000; New Jersey, 16,740; Pennsylvania, 33,128; Virginia, 32,000; Mary- land, 18,000. There were then no anti-slavery States. All the colonies were’ slaveholding, and all did well. Now let us come to the war of 1812-16, ° By the Northern States were then furnished troops which served for three months, 58,562; by the Southern States, 96,182, making a majority of 58,502 in favor of the South, How many did Massa- chusetts furnish in this war? Only 3,110; while New Hampshire gave 897; Connecticut, 387; Rhode Island, 637; Vermont, 131—in all, 5,162—less than, little South Carolina, which furnished 5,696. The States which furnished most men who served in that war were: Vir- ginia, 39,017; New York, 38,638; Tennessee, 24,- 858. In the two wars the troops employed in the armies of the republic numbered 424,000 men, of whom the South furnished 287,000— more than double the number of the North, which was only 137,000. How was it in the Mexican war? Massa. chusetts furnished 1,047, of whom only two were killed and none wounded, and the rest of the New England States sent not @ man, excepting poor Pierce, of New Hampshire, who was made President for fainting on the field of battle. No militia from the North served in that war. It was fought by volunteers consisting of a class of men who will never fight against the South. The whole number of troops contri- buted by the Northern States was 23,054, while the slave States furnished 45,630, or very nearly double. Now, asthe Northern States have twice the population of the Southern, the South has furnished in the last war four times as many soldiers as the North” in propor- tion to the population. The fighting element of the country, with the exception of New York city, is chiefly in the South. The South- ern population are all fighting men from their childhood. They are always armed with re- volver, or bowie knife, or rifle. As for the des- perate expectation that the negro slaves will prove an element of weakness to the South, it is vain. In all the wars of Greece and Rome with other countries, their slaves, though white men, never revolted against their masters. If the negroes had even the will they would not have the means or the power. On the contrary, they will prove a grand source of strength, for they can attend to the cotton fields, the general cultivation of the soil, and other labor, while the whole of the able- bodied whites can devote themselves to war. How many able-bodied men can the North spare tosend South? Not ore for every three the South will be able to send North. Vast masses of the population of tha’ Northern sea- board are reduced practically to the condition of white slaves, while a considerable proportion are sickly and very unfit for an army. The South, therefore, is perfectly able to maintain the contest. What she wants mostis anavy. But she can build one in the Missis- sippi, and meantime she can hire a fleet of privateers, as did the colonies against England in the Revolutionary war, which will do the commerce of the Northern States more injury than our warships can ever inflict on the Southern seaboard. Procress oF THE CoMMERCIAL RevuLsion— Farures i THE Monta or January.—The effects which our political troubles are produc- ing upon trade and commerce are becoming every day more manifest; and there is perhaps no better indication of the growth of this great calamity than the increasing failures of com- mercial houses everywhere. We have been furnished by the commercial agency of McKil- lop & Co., Park row, with a table of the fail- ures which occurred during the month of Janu- ary in the different States, which we subjoin:— NUMBER OF FAILURES IN THE UNITED STATES IN JANUARY, 1861. 2 Mi Alabama Connecticut 5 Delaware ... 8 New Hampshire. 4 District of Columbia.. 7 New ba wag - & G «+6 Nebraska Territory.. 2 -23° New York. «ll? ‘ 40 The aggregate number of failures throughout the Union for the entire year 1860 was only 3,676, and it will thus be seen that the failures of the first month of the present year are very considerably above the average per ‘month in 1860. And it must be taken into consideration that the commercial disarrangements under which the country is now suffering are but preliminary to what it is destined to undergo it the present political difficulties are not speedily settled by some peaceful arrangement. The failures occurring now may be looked upon more in the light of temporary suspen- sions, or extensions of time, contingent upon future political results, than as absolute fail. ures; but if the existing troubles are not amica- bly settled, or, that coercion is to be the policy of the new administration, the present condition of our mercantile affairs is but a very dim fore- shadowing of the frightful disasters before us. Just now we are experiencing, as it were, three months’ suspension of business, waiting for the results of pending friendly negotiations and compromises, and the inauguration of a new governmental régime. The commercial classes appear to have entered into a mutual arrangement, whereby they can tacitly await the issue which js to decide betweon restored prosperity or uiter ruin. The merchants have agreed to extend the paper of their customers, and they have obtained a like extension for themselves. Thus the work of destruction is held in abeyance for a time; and even that could not be accomplished only for the prosperous condition of the country. But suppose that no peaceful solution comes ont of the political confusion in which the country is now plunged, what is to be the consequence? Paper cannot be extended to an indefinite time; and should the result be a final disruption between the North and South, evontuating in civil war, then the horror of a general financial convulsion must inevitably come upon us in full force. It cannot be staved off any longer. -ometttmtional Violence of ti More wow" Police. 1 eas Teivine New York potios, On We their being compelled to sur- notwithstanding ~ ~vtion of the mimkets render the greater pu.. the State of which they seized belonging to — 7 Hon Georgia, committed another act of deprea»-- seed @ quantity of cartridges about ba ™& shipped for South Carolina, by way of Savan ~ nah. These highhanded proceedings can only irritate and annoy the Southern States, and take away trade from New York, without doing any good to the North or harm to the South; for both the Georgians and South Carolinians oan obtain all the ammunition and arms they want from the border slave States, and even from New England, whose Yankees will sell anything for cash down, to’say nothing of Old England, France and other nations of Europe. It is the duty of Governor Morgan to put an end to this illegal violence by ordering the ammunition to be given up. It appears that the Georgia case is not fully settled yet. The arms are not all surrendered, as they ought to have been. In.consequence of the retaliation of the Governor of Georgia, the greater portion of the muskets have been de- livered up; but for some inexplicable reason or other Superintendent Kennedy has retained ten cases, which belong to a different owner in Georgia. The police allege that they belong to that State, and, therefore, refuse to give them up. Now this is a distinction without a differ- ence. The State of Georgia has as gooda right to the free possession and use of arms as the State of New York. Yesterday a writ of re- plevin was issued, and what the result will be remains to be reen. When we first heard of the seizure of these arms we knew it would lead to serious trouble, and we said so at the time. We de- nounced the act as unconstitutional, and we advised its repudiation by the Governor and the immediate surrender of the arms, with a suitable apology for the hostile proceeding. If it was not an act.of war it was a violation of the rights of private property, and in either case indefensible. Ample time had been given to repair the mischief, but instead of that, the arms were refused when demanded by the Governor of Georgia, and the authori- ties have been since compelled by retaliation to give way, and to do from necessity what they might have done voluntarily with a good grace, to the honor of the State, and not, as after- wards to its humiliation. The best thing that can be done now is to surrender at once the ten cases of muskets to Georgia, and the car- tridges and percussion caps to the citizens of South Carolina, to whom the ammunition be- longs. Else there will soon be other reprisals. These seizures appear to be part of the plan of the black republican leaders to precipitate the country into civil war. By what right do the police commit an act of war against citizens of Georgia or South Carolina? By what right do they interfere with the commerce of the mer- chants of New York? Only the federal Poger can declare war, or make war, or define what is war on the part of governments outside of the. Union. That even the federal govern- ment has power to make war against a sove- reign State inside of the Union has been de- nied by the present Executive, and is doubted by all intelligent and candid republicans. Cer- tain it is that a State which claims to be still in the Union has no such power. The State of New York has no power, under the constitu- tion, to declare war or make war against any State in or out of the confederacy, or pro- nounce any merchandise “contraband of war;” and if she had such power she has not yet ex- ercised it, nor commissioned Superintendent Kennedy to commit hostilities on her behalf. The whole proceedings are ilegal, violent and unconstitutional, and, under the circumstances, are so ill-timed that they must have been in- tended to prevent the adoption of any measures of reconciliation by the Peace Conference at Washington, and to commit both North and South to a deadly struggle. The reason assigned by our Fouche for de- taining the muskets, if it bear any weight, would justify every conceivable outrage and arbitrary proceeding. He said he would not let the arms go lest they should be used here- after against the State of New York. On the same principle he might order the police to enter the houses of all citizens of New York who are not republicans, and take away their arms, lest they might use ihem hereafter in de- fending their liberties by revolution, or in maintaining the constitution ageinst the party 1 to overthrow it, So jealous is the tion about the right of all citizens to possess firearms that it has been held illegal to levy upon them in an execution for debt. Now, if the Superintendent and his party will not re- spect the constitutional rights of the citizens of other States, it is scarcely to be expected that they will respect the constitutional rights of citizens of Now York if they stund in the way of their atrocious designs. The doctrine of Mr. Kennedy is the doctrine of the despots of Europe, who deprive their subjects of arms in order that they may keep them in thraldem. But, whatever is coming, we ave not yet un- der martial law and « military dictatorship; and the right of the citizens of Georgia to have and to hold as many arma as they please is clear and undoubted. The second amendment to the constitution was expressly adopted to guarantee this right. It is in the following words:—“A well regulated militia being ne- cessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.” Now, if the muskets for the Georgians, seized by our police, instead of being under one thousand, had ‘numbered a million, or five weapons for every able-bodied man in the State, their right to them is indefea- sible, no matter what use they may think pro- per to make of them hereafter. For that they are responsible, aad not the New York Super- intendent of Police. “A guilty conscience is its own asccu- ser.’ What reason has Mr. Kennedy to sup- pose that Georgia will ever use her arms against New York, unless it be “the foregone conclu- sion” that he and his party mean, if they can, to employ the arms of this State in the invasion of Georgia? He oan have no other reason. Georgia has never threatened New York, but Governor Morgan has threatened Georgia and other Southern States, and a bill is now before the Legislature to appropriate funds to carry on war against them. And all this they dare to do without consulting the sovereiga people. The question remains to be solved, whether the people will permit any such abuse of power, or whether they will look on with folded arms while a military despotism is bo ing established upon tae ruins of their freedom, ‘ng Going Wreng—Nopesy © o Abraham Lincoln, as President cleot of the United States, is in a fair way to lose that high with Judge Douglas, a8 8 candidate for “ne Yay, : 4od States Senate, Singe bis departure against the rights of Southern citizens. Teg Ys — on eee ORB ont -T Sprmgéeld, enroute for the White House, has made several little speeches; but in none of them has he manifested the disposition or 1," Capacity to grapple manfully with the dan. gen’ of this crisis in reference to the restora. tion o.” the Union or the maintenance of the peace of the country. At Indian'*polis, adopting the Yankee trick of asking questions, he satisfies us that Horace - Greeley is the trae exponent of his administra- tive policy, and that he intends to enforce the authority of the government at Washington over the seceded States before stooping to compromise with the States on the verge of secession. He will reclaim, by force of arms, all that have been lost before resorting to conciliation to secure the States in danger. Thus, in the very outset of his official journey to our federal capital, the President elect pro- claims a line of policy adverse to union and to peace, and eminently adapted, not only te enlarge, strengthen and consolidate the new Southern republic, but to destroy the hopea and law and order of the North ina wasting civil war. But if in his speech at Indianapolis Mr. Lin- coln has exhibited the obstinacy of an intracta- ble partisan, he betrays at Columbus a most lamentable degree of ignorance touching the revolutionary evils of the day. He tells us that he has not so long remained silent “from any want of real anxiety;” but he says that “it is @ good thing that there is no more than anxiety, for there is nothing going wrong,” and that “it is a consoling circumstance that when we look out there is nothing that hurts anybody.” Ta be sure, he continues, “we entertain different views upon political questions, but nobody is suffering anything,” and “all we want is time patience and a reliance on that God who has never foreaken this people.” Now, the most charitable interpretation we ¢an give to these “consoling” assurances is that Mr, Lincoln, under some embarrassment, spoke them at random, did not know what he was saying, or failed to catch the ideas flitting through his mind. In plainer terms, in finding himself the lion'of the day, with all eyes and all hopes turned upon him, he is bothered and makes a mess of it. “Nothing going wrong ?”? Why, sir, we may more truly say there is no- thing going right. “Nothing going wrong t” If this is true then there is nothing wrong in all these Southern revolutionary move- ments; nothing wrong in the causes which have drawn a little army together for the pro- tection of our federal capital against a suspeot- ed conspiracy for a revolutionary coup d'état; nothing wrong ina bankrupt federal treasury- reduced to the most desperate extremities to keep the government alive from day to day “Nothing that hurts anybody?” “Nobody suf- fering anything?” Can Mr. Lincoln really en- tertain this delusion when all the industrial, financial and commercial interests of the whole country are in a state of stagnation, prostra- tion and confusion never known before; when factories are stopping and merchants are break- ing every day; when thousands of our working classes are thrown out of employment, and when numerous entire families, in consequence, are literally starving? Let us admonish you, Mr. Lincoln, that many things are going wrong; that you are go- ing wrong, that your party in Congress is going wrong, and that the sooner you all turn to the right about face the better it will be for the incoming administration, the Union and the peace of the country. But perhaps when the President elect assures us that “ nothing is go- ing wrong,” “nothing that hurts anybody,” and that “nobody is suffering anything,” he means something more or something less than these simple expressions imply. If so, let us hope that by the time he reaches Albany he will be prepared to vouchsafe an explanation of what he would have said with a little more reflection at Columbus. We suspect, however, that his Cabinet troubles and the office seckers of his party have given him, and will give him, no time for reflection, until the interval of grace allowed for repairing the wrongs in the government and the sufferings of the country shall have passed away. Finally, if Mr. Lim- goln has nothing better to offer upon this fear- fal crisis than the foolish consolations of his speech at Columbus, let him say nothing at all. Tue Wants or tu Treasurr—Mr, Sner- man’s Remepy.—The Secretary of the Trea- sury, Mr. Dix, calls piteously upon Congress for relief. He wants eight millions wherewith to pay his way till the 4th of March. Every- thing has been and is going wrong in the mat- ter of the public finances, and yet Honest Abe Lincoln tells us “nothing is going wrong.” A loan is wanted; but our banks and financiers, as things appear to be going, have had enough of these government loans. Mr. Sherman, how- ever, Chairman on Ways and Means, has hit upon the way and the means of relief. He proposes the issue ef coupon bonds, of a deno- mination not exceeding fifty dollars, bearing six per cent interest, and running twenty years. This is a Napoleonic idea. It is the adoption of Louis Napoleon’s experiment of a loam during his late war against Austria. In hia case the French people instantly came up to the government with three times the amount of money asked for. But the glory of France an@ the hearts of the French people were in the work. In Mr. Sherman’s case the proposition of his fifty dollar coupons meets with a remon- strance on the threshold from a member a@f tha House. Mr. Garnett, of Virginia, was opposed to the bill because “the President eleot had made a declaration of war,” not agaist a forcigm enemy, but against a portion of our own peo- ple. This is the difficulty wh®h Mr. Sherman should endeavor first to remeyve in his efforte to relieve the Treasury. Let him try a civil war, and his coupons will ¢go begging. Ban Prospects ror O orton Growers in In- prA-—It will be seen, by an extract from the Bengal corresponder ow of the London Times, that that Presidene y has been thrown into @ state of great excit oment and discontent by the withdrawal from circulation of the £2,000,008 annually spent in the indigo manufactare. if, with the knov /Jeage of the effeot this proceed- ing must he ve on a poor country like India, if has been f* it necessary to resort to such @ moe sure of economy, what prospect of support awaits "the efforts of the cotton supply assooise Hons on the pame field of operations t Capitdl Wi only flow where it finds profitable invest: