The New York Herald Newspaper, February 1, 1861, Page 2

NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1861. ADDITIONAL FROM EUROPE. ARRIVAL OF THE BOHEMIAN’S MAILS. American Democracy and Eu- | ropean Royalty. The English Method of Carrying Out the Ashburton Treaty. THE COTTON FRIGHT. THE POLITICAL AND FINANCIAL IMBROGLIOS, Ree, Key hee ‘The mails by tho steamship Bohemian, which arrived at Portland Wednesday morning, reached this city last evening, having been delayed by & sovere snow storm which provailed in Massachusetts and Maine on Wednes- = een synopsis of the news by this arrival has already been published, but the details are of some im- tance. ‘The London Post of the 16th ult. in discussing the case of Anderson, the Canada fugitive, illustrates the English method of enforcing the stipulations of the Ashburton treaty by saying WB regard the freedom of Anderson asa matter already secured, He must be brought to this country, and, when unce here, the people of England will take good care that he is not restored to the tender mercies of the san- guinary Missouri slave code, The London Times of the 17th ult. says:— We believe that there is no truth in the announcement of the death of the Duke of Sutherland, which appeared iu one of the morning papers yesterday. His Grace has been suilering from serious illness for some time past, Dut the accounts last night were not hopeless. The Paris Constitutionnel states that the present opinion at Frankfort seems to be that the majority of the Ger- manic 8 will not consent to associate in hostile mea- sures against Denmark, The P The dospaich of looked upon as & co’ is correspondent of the London Star says:— tho French fleet to the Adriatic is firmed faet. The purpose of this step on the part of the government is vot ‘known for certain, but is believed to be a measure of pre- caution against Garibal intended mov the mouth of March. The Cabinet of Turin has manifested openly its tention of — suppressing the enrolling of volunteers, which is an indirect though clear evidence of the abandoument of all participation in Garibaldi’s plans on Venetia. But Garibaldi seems not disposed to wait for the concurrence of Sardinia; but, silent as to his projects, he causes many people to doubt whether his designs are directed, after all, to that province. It is thought that he will go into Hungary by Daliwatia, and raise the population on his march. Cavour has been summoned to auswer upon this subject; but Ca. your protests that he is a stranger to Garibaldi’s inten tious, and that the armaments and expedition are m opposi- tion to his will, But Austria will render Piedmont re- sponsible for every atiack made upon her territory whether by,partisabs or regular troops, whether thro Daltnatia, Istria or the Danube, whether made by Gari- baldi or by Turr, by Klapka or Mierolawski. ‘The London Star of the 17th ult. say: The export of gold from Liverpool, which commenced to assume shipments of an enormous nature about six weeks sgo, still continues from that port to the United States, and the late advices from the Union, instead of reducing the export of specie, scem to give it greater im- petus. On Tuesday, bar gold to the amount of £50,000 was taken from the Bank of England and sent to Liver- poo! for shipment to New York by tho steamship Etna, which sailed yesterday (Wedne , taking out, in all, £212,000 in specie. Some large firms in Liverpool, anti- cipating a prolonged, if not a disastrous, contest between the North and South States, have, it was rumored yes- terday, remitted large orders to the States for immense purchases of cotton, &c. restrictions om the allianees of its moem- forbid or annul aengeene oratraeted without the sovereiga’s a Sy privileges did not pertain to the house of rte in the year 1803. Napoleon Bonaparte was iy of the French republic, but that dignity was shared by ‘two other French citizens, and the office, however exalted, could not well be likened to thatof an hereditary monarchy. Napoleon, therefore, bad no title to interfere with the matrimonial of his brother. His assent was not necessary to the validity of the marriage, nor was he invested with any privilege of conceding his recogni - tion or withholding it. The Bonapartes, it is urged, whatever they may have become afterwards, were thea ouly a private family, and the doctrines current about royal marriages are not spe to tho case in ques- tion. Such is the plea which the Paterson family is pre- pared to advanee, fs We cannot anticipate the judgment of the French tri- bunal, but we confess that, in our view of the matter, the case has very little obscurity, About the actual legality of the first marri: we entertain not the slightest doubt. Except for the subsequent riso of the Bonaparte family, nobody would ever have dreamt of impeaching its validity, Pope himself, indecd, when applied to by Napoleon for a divorce, declared that he could find no reason for granting it, and the separation, in de- fault of such authority, was decreed at last by the Arch- biahop of Paris, just as in King Henry's caso it was pro. nounced by the Archbishop of Canterbury. But all this leaves untouched the privileges jof kings, if those privi- leges are to be held valid. Though Napoleon was not a reigning sovereign when the marriage was contracted, he was so in very truth when he demanded that it should bo dissolved, if a demand of that kind admits of jus- tification from dynastic exigencies, such exigencies could hen be pleaded. The fact, indeed, that Nz himself took a second wife while the first was living, and that the King of Wurtemberg and his kinsmen agreed to look upon Jerome as marriageble, shows with what latitude laws of matrimony are coustrued when crowns and kingdoms are at stake. Unless, therefore, these preten- sions are to be altogether repudiated, ‘we think that though the first private marriage wat vilil, the second royal marriage was valid also. We think M. Jerome Bonaparte is the lawful son of Lieutenint arte, and we think Prince Napoleon is the lawful son of the King of Westphalia, In ordinary life this would be an impossi- bility, but im royal life it} bas many times occurred, ugh rarely without graver troubles than are threaten. thor ed now. The Bank of France. {From tho Money Market Review, Jan. 16,] The withdrawals of bullion are not the only adverse fea- ture presented by the Bank of France returns. Notwith standing the rapid rise in the rato of discount, the amount of bills discounted by the Bank has increased £2,760,000; and, as the treasury deposits have, at the same time, been, drawn down to the extent of more than £2,000,000 (owing partly to the payment of the dividends on the three par cent rentes) there is, hy the return before us, an increase of £1,270,000 in the notes in ¢ tion, Now, itnoodg no demonstration that this increase in the liabilMMes of the Bank at the moment when its specie reserve is being so heavily trenched upon, is unsound, and even unsafe. “The Bank appear? to have dis counted far too freely, Had it interposed more restrictions it would have kept its pote cir- culation better under control, This consideration is the more important, because it is beyond question that the large discount facilities granted have contributed directly to the eftiux of 1. Bills are sent in for discount by the very firms which are engagod in transmitting bullion to foreign countries. ‘Ihe Bank of France thus, to some ex- tent, provides a_ weapon to be ws inst itself, Wo are quite aware that, ii France owes a balance to foreign countries, she must discharge it, and, if need be, in hard cash; but there is no necessity for her absolutely to faci- litate the drain upon her. 1p permitting an increase of £1,270,000 in the note circulation simultancously with a decrease of £3,285,000 in the coin and bullion, the Bank of France is “burning the candle at both ends.” The total note cireulation, which on the 13th December was £29,886,000, has now reached the unprecedented amount: of £31,150,000; whilst the coin and bullion, which on the 13th ecember were £17,272,000, are now, as above stated, only £13 987,000. ‘The disproportion’ is serious. Let us contrast the position of the Bank of France in this respect with that of the Bauk of England. The Bank of Englan Jast night's return, holds £12,175 ,386 of coin and bullion az against £20,453,$00 of notes in circulation. Weare justitied in concluding, therefore, that the excess in the note issues of the Bank of France constitutes a avation of the existing difficulty. It is a symp- , ungound banking; and there seems ground to believe that political exigencies—perhaps the very fngor of the goverbmont—aro at the root of the error. The Moniteur publishes the following financial state- mept, which is understood to be the work of the new Minister, M. Forcade de la Royuette, who presented a re port to the Emperor at the last couneil:— We lately gttributed the recent decline in the pub! funds to cubes completely unconnected with the finan- cial situation of the country, and particularly to the American crisia. Nothiag could better justify that ap- preciation and testity to the resources of the country and the confidence of the people than the following state- ment:—It 's well known that the Treasury gots executed A letter from Raab, in the Presburg Gazelle, says:— Kossuth, Klapka, Inasz, Kmety, Xantus, Boke and Ronay have been elected members of the Commission of the comitat of Raab, in the midst of tho most enthusiastic acclamations. A frertain number of honveds assembled here on the evening of the St. Sylvestre, and came to a resolution to erect a monument to the memory of the combatants who were kiiied in the neighborhood of Raab for the Hungarian cause. The honveds of the comitat of Comorn have ereoted « manument to the Hungarians who foll in the battle of Acs. The American Bonapartes in Europe and the Prince of Wales in America, {From the London Times, Jan. 17. When the Prince of Wales was in the United States the American journals amused themselves with speculating ‘on the chinice of his being enslaved by the beauty of the American ladies, and as a precedent for such a noble cap. ture they reproduced the story of Jerome Bonaparte and Miss Elizabeth Paterson. That tole was perfectly true, Jerome, youngest brother of Napoleou I., did, in the year 1808, arrive in the United States, and there became ena- moréd of the davghter of William Paterson, Esq., an honorable and worthy citizenof Baltimore, To that lady, on Christmas eve of the same year, he was macried, and son, named also Jerome, was the issue of the union. All (his reads like a bygone affair, but it happens to ees a very present and immediate interest indeed. Biizabe ‘h Paterson is still living; she is at this moment at the Paris Bourse the orders for purchases an‘! sales which aro tranamitied to it hy the Receiver General on account of the inhabitants ef ‘the departments. These sales and purchases, which are always effected for cash, go on constantly increasing. The purchases, which ia 1841 were only for fifty millions, amounted in 1861 to seventy-three millions, and in 1860 had increased to one hundred and sixty three millions. The sales, which in | the first part of those three years scarcely reached fifteen millions, amounted to forty.cight millions in 1860, the excess of purchases last year over sales being therefore one hundred and fifteen millions. During the rst twelve days of the present month the orders for purchases re. ceived by the Treasury amounted to 9,400,000 francs, and for sales to 1,150,000 francs, leaving an’ excess of ‘pur- chases of 8,250,000 francs, or nearly equal to the average of each of the anterior months of 1860. English Speculations on the Cotton Supply. {From the London Times, Jan. 16.) Not many days ago we took occasion, in discussing the sources of our cotton su bly to explain the peouliarity of the difliculties by which this momentuous questio attended. Kt is not that cotton will grow only on particu- ar sotis, like cinamon or pepper. @ article can un- doubtedly be produced in fifty different regions of the globe, nor is there much reason to doubt that any kind of quality desirable could be imparted to the crop by cultivation and skill. This is not the secret of tho matter. The real difficulty consists in this, that America has got fair possession of the market, and sup- plies us with cotton so excellent in quality and 80 nearly sufficient in quantity that only a narrow in Paris with her son, and on the 25th of this month of January she will claim before the French courts a shure | Of the property left by her late husband. What gives | the question an extraordinary interest is the fact that | another wife and another sou ef illustrious rank compote for precedence. Jerome Bonaparte, the simple officer of the French navy, became afterwards King of Westphalia and in that capacity married the Princess Catherine, daughter of the King of Wurtemberg, from which union igsued th Prijcess Mathilae, now @he wife of Prince ce Napoleon, now the husband of the Princess Clotilde, of Savoy. AS no Christiva, however, e two Wives at’a time, the question is, under litions Jerome Bonaparte became entitled to take a second during the lifetime of the first ‘The actual substance of the case can be v stated, ond will, at any rate by Englishm easily understood. Mr. Froude’s History of rooeutly revived the famous career of King Heary VIL, and refreshed our memories with the arguments availa ble for the dissolution of an inconvenient marriage. In 1805 Jerome Bonaparte was but a private gentleman; in 1806 he was a member of an imperial family, and brother of one of the most powerful sovereigns in the world. With this change in Lis condition all other things were cbanged also, and it became desirable in the interests of the new dynasty that the Bonapartes should ally themselves with royal houses after royai fashion. The chief of the fami. i. was not long in recognizing those political obligations. He himself reygdiated his wife Josephine to make way for an Austrian Archduchoss; he urged his brother Lucien to annul his marriage, and he impressed the like duty on Jerome. Lucien refused, but Jerome yielded to the pressure. It was true that he and Eliza beth Paterson were man and wife, but There never yet Jacked pretexts for complying with the requisitions of kivgs. The end was that the American marriage was pronounced by the Archbishop of Paris to be null aut Void on the Ist of June, 1806, and the released husband contracted matrmony afresh on the 12th of August, 1807. It will be readily imagined that sugh transactions gould not be accomplished without some opposition. Elizabeth Paterson protested as stoutly as Queen Katha rine herself against the proceedings of her spouse, and indignantly retused to admit the alleged illegality of her marriage. Afterwards, ivdeed, when her husbaud had not only forsaken her, but had raised another wife to her , she made matters even by obtaining a divorce mut in so deing she expressly reser and those of ber son.'’ With the restorat appeal t Emperor of the Freuch. Paterson family were watching events with great so- Nettede, for, in the spring of 1859, M. Jerome Bonapirte aoe itimore to the Ferg of M. ’ “History of the Consulate and the Empire,” and requested that @ note explanatory of the case migh! be inserted in the next volume of that{work. roqiieat was complied with, 6 the oditors, according to the para graph with which the note is introduced, did not pre sume to decide for themselves ‘a question of From this document and the memoir lately compiled in Paris the public ca be informed of the points osvensib'y in dispute. It is alleged, then, on behalf of those who impeach tho first marriage, that Jerome Bonaparte was a minor at the time; Uhat the consent of his mother, his only surviving Prot, ‘Was not obtained; and that the young Iady was a ‘bese the of the plea, though it has boon that there was no due mony was solemnized foreign wod that it eould ore be resuinnsiy vorar as clandestine and null. To these allegations it is rejoined, first. tuat ne argtune an, bo founded on the Uridogron's aulusrity trae declared at the outset that Jerome's commission in tho republican me 4 makes him out to have been twenty two years of age at the time: bat @ fon's Lote above-mentioned gives bit ouly y Jenga, we suppose thove figures may be age is above the age at which, ‘by the re: code, & man is competent to contr, ‘we must needs suppose this point to be deimoiehed Next, as the mother's consent, It 1s tra h ‘that, though neither the Amerivon low nor the canon law exacts such « condition, the Hreneh ‘that same law, it is also said, requires mother to be made within a the facts, whereas neither w time whatever did Jerome's mothe Lidity of the act. Asto the bride's rele tainly seem strange to found any argument on Polat, seeing that the second wile whom | y took iu the place of the first was € Protestant also. But the American case is not confined to th tw ou the less deflaite from the y od Fr Appeal to dates . 3 h civil t matrimony, so that | hin that pe unpepeh the va rejoin 8 them by an | the margin is left for fresh competitors. Since the pubtica- tion of our remarks some statistics have been compiled which place the facts of the case ina very clear light in- deed. Last year was a remarkable year for the cotton trade. The imports exceeded in amount any yet recorded, the consumption was proportionately large; and the stocks in hand at the close of 1860 were still considerable, Coming to figures, we may state that tho weekly con- sumption of the kingdom was probably about 48,000 bales. Of these 41,000, as nearly as pos’ ble, came from the United States, about 2,000 from I 1, 1,800 from Egypt and the West Indies, and 3,200 fr: Ther is the whole case clearly explained. America sens us siz-seventhe of our entire receipts, and maintains this vast supply 40 well and so successfully that the marke is all her own. But, unfortunately, this source of our raw material, though so excellent while it laste, cannot be regarded with the confidence which, on so Vital a question, we ought to feel, and, short’ as has been the interval since the appearance of our observations, it has been long enough to illustrate with alarming forces the precariousness of the support on which wo depend. The cotton Siates of America are actually on the brink of a tremendous convulsion. The con. #0 long foreseen as possible is now imm i if we should hear by any of the noxt mai that the cotten crop is in danger from the derange ‘ment of industry and business, we should not be sur- prised. Already the Americans themselves appear to be seared at the prospect. We are told that the price of negroes has fallen enormously, and the value of slave property could hardly have been effected excopt through some misgivings as to slave produce. At any rate, even if we assume, as perhaps we may, that the interests of the cotton grower will be strong enough to protect the cotton consumer against any very serious or immediate mischief, it can no longer be denied that our position is becoming uns: ja the ex. treme. We are holding om bya single anchor, and the strands of the cable sem actually parting. Nobody com tell what may be the effect of political disorganization upon the cottom States of the Union, and in what condition should we find ourselves if the siz-sevenths of our supply which these ‘countries now furnish should be swidenly cutof’? Sup pose the imports reduced even by a half, or a third, what are we to do? Tho distress at Coventry gives but a faint idea of the mivery and ruin which would overwhelm as if our staple mapufacture were ba oe | stopped. Ii behooves us, then, without an hour's delay, to take this work in hand. Except for the single difficulty we have deseribed, it is a perfectly easy work. Three qearters of the globe are actually competing for the favor of oar or. der, Asia gives us India, and India, as is invariabl found, offers anything we want. Tea, flax, silk, linseed, cotton—whatever crop fails elsewhere is sire to be pro cible in India, As it is, the Indian cotton supply comes next to the American tn point of magnitade, though with ‘a long interval between, and it is already calculated that these imports will (be materially increased during the current year. ‘Then there is Australia bidding for notice. We are assured upon the evidence of lent authorities that nothing would be easier ‘as good « cotton fleld as America pital, organize the trade, invite Invest the ¢ Chinese laborers, and the desired resulta will follow ia now with the most’ infallible certainty. Hardly have we opened our eyes to these agreeable visions when the advocates of African civilization interpose their claims. Africa is the very land of cotton, In those regi piant js not an exetic. It requires no naturalizat grows there already, and is even cultivated, aa far ignorance of t Will permit. the provesa. why not extend a hand to the stroggling negro, and bene: fit an oppressed race by the same policy which would provide our manufacturers with inexhaustible supplies? Such are the views which bave been pressed upon our notice by rival correspondents. It is not our province to discriminate between the offers before us. Whether India, or Australia, or Africa would be the best field for our energies, we Bball not at present attempt to decide Perhaps it would be advisable to lay them ali under eon. tribution together, for such a distribution would leasen the chances of a general failure, and the extension of our wnufactures may absorb all the supplies which these combined gources could furnish. If we are to clothe lation of China, we shall want large addition imports of cotton. All, however, that we can gather fr the American exqmple is encouraging. That | bv t trade, which now yields the United wot fully £40 000,000 a year, is a8 purely . The piant was imported aod ory Uning was ascomplished se, and what has been done once \ soil favorable to. th a trade ch be creatod 1 4 Work of time, Sev 0 in Amerion oma single ed, however, ' ntiring energy te roid was amply rom labor was imp dustry and tery tainty years from but no negligence was admitted Hae etinere Mate ty gare tmactven into aay branch of industry, never was the or jon of a trade more te, Tho re- sults are what we now see. The lar; manufactur! system ever known in the world derives ita supplies fa menies From single fees, and has derived Word with almost as much certaint; could be sired. Unfortunately, the labor employed } ceptional a character that or; ways to be apprehended, and the event now threatens to take, not only us, but themselyes, by surprise. Whether disunion would bo followed by industrial disorganization it bh to say; but, at any rate, we have now learned that po- litical convulsion may occur at any moment, and we know but too well, from the examples of history, how likely it is that such convulsions ‘should be attended by financial and commercial ruin, 80. | the Americans THE CONFEDERACY OF THE NORTH. Union of the Free States and British Pro- vinces—Upper Canada Already Wants to Join the North. ~ PROPOSED REPARTITIONS OF AMERICAN TERRITORY. (From the Toronto Leader, Jan. 29.) While we are pationt!: down a basis of facts on which to raise a discussion of the question of the federal lerprising neighbors of the Unit terprising ne! 16 Uni lang to save us the trouble of disposing of our destiny. which the question of the repartition of America is disposed of in a manner that could not fail to give satisfaction the most enterprising revisor ot the map of continent. , it is is ready .to ‘throw the yoke of and Bet for herself” and it is asserted that she be willing to join the Northorn States as soon as their connection with their slaveholding confede- rates ceases, Like all great schemes, that by our New York contemporary is very, Sing a South. ern confederacy is to annex Mexico aud Cuba, and wo know not what beside, and build “a central American empire which shall make tho Gulf of Mexico a lake, and include in its limits every acre of land, every estuary, rt river between the Orinoco and the Potomac.” ¢ other great proposed confederacy, we are told, is to be formed out of the free States of the Americau Union and the whole of British America from Labrador to the Polar Sea, Mr. Seward is invited to propose a scheme for lot- ting the Southern States go free, as a preparatory mea- sure to the proposed repartition of the continent. At this moment Canada Las no idea of “throwing off the yoke of England and setting up for herself;”” aud it is not likely that she will consent to have her’ destiny subjected to the convenience of the residuum of tho American republic. Zt is possible, no dould, that the de struction of the Union may eventually lead to some new ter ritorial arrangements; but what these wil! be the wisest man cannot at present pretend to predict. The current notion in Canada is, that if there is to bo any union be: tween the Northern States and British America, or be: tween any portion of the Northern States and’ British ica, the annexation will be in the other direction. republic is just now in a condition of di lapidation that compels sober minded persous to look around for some harbor of refuge from the ruin with which they are threatened. Should the North ern States seriously ask to be allowed tojoin Canada, we do not undertake to say that their offer would be repulsed; but until such a proposal is authoritatively made, there will be very little use in entering far into its consideration. All that we can pretend to promise at present is, that when the ofier is made there is every Likelihood that it will re- ceive a fair and candid consideration. THE NORTHERN STATES LOOKING ROUND FOR HELP. {From the Toronto Leader, Jar. 30.) A large portion of the people of the Northern States have given up all hope that the sectional dilferences be- tween the North and the South can ever be healed, In this state of matters, they are beginning to plan new schemes of empire. One of the favorite projects of the New Yor« Heratp is the establishment of two great confederacies, one of which shall includo the slave States, Mexico and Central America; and the other the Northern States and British America, with the Northwest Territory and British Columbia, ‘This reconstruction of the map of America is very easy—upon paper—though practiclly, it would be easy to show that it would be a very different affair, Those who assume that this reconstruction would bean easy matter, take it for granted that British America is ready to demand aseparation from England; that we poor colo- nists, who have only attained a limited degree of freedom, have now a chance of becoming part of « great nation; that if England should attempt to resist our demand for independence, we could easily conquer it with the assistance of the Northern States, who would be glad to assist as, for the fake of the prospective benefits of the union.’ The ad- vantages to flow from this reconstruction of the map of America, and especially to Canada, are painted in the most vivid colors. Canada, we are assured, would be- come the centre of an immense comme: and would be blessed by untold benetits in so many ways that we can- DOL Stop {0 EAUMEL ate Asam, Projects of this kind come naturany Auwugt fom the Northern States at the present moment, With the loss of the Southern States, they feel that they must takea lower position among the nations of the world, and they are ‘anxious to repair the damage by annexation in another quarter. All this is very natural, from their standpoint; but the mistake they ‘commit is to suppose that we, British Americans, must necessarily be ready to cut the connection with England at the very moment when it would suit their convenience to form a connection with us. No province of British America has, at present, any quar- rel with the mother country; and none of them are tired of the connection, which is looked — as beneficial. We are satisfied with’ this connection, because we are free under it. The last petition presented by the old American colonies, about a year before the Declaration of Ini pendence, volunteered terms of submission that would, if now proposed to be applied to these provinces, as a part of imperial policy, produce a rebellion at ‘once. They were willing to leave to England the absolute control of their external commerce, provided only that thoy were not taxed for the benefit of the British ex- chequer—a condition which no British minister would now think of proposing, and to which not one of the provinces would dream of sub- mitting. It is the large measure of freedom wo enjoy that makes us contented. ‘There is a feeling |, in these provinces, that we shad deriv: from a ‘niom many advantages that we do not now posses: There is an intijinite yearning Eka! @ higher status; a larger share of natimatity, but it does not seek the direction of the United States. At the present time, when the feeling is just beginning to be generally excited, it,is cypable of being turned into more than one direction. But truth compels us to say it does not move in the directon of an alliance with the Northern States. As a peoph, we are impassable enongh to shrink from the idea of severing the connection with England. The operation isone that requires some powerful’ incentive to inaugurite: and that incentive is wanting. It is not suflicient that the convenience of the Northern States might be sonsulted by an union with British America. We need sone stroug necessity of our own to move us to such a revdutionary measure: and that necessity is not present, If England were to give us the choice of a connection With the Northern States, and a yote were to be taken upon the question within three months, we Delieve a large majority of British America would vote against it. ‘Ihe largest vote in favor of the project would come from the peninsula of Upper Canada, where there is a feeling that the connection with New York is the natural one, and hat it is more profitalle than any other that cmuld be Yorme. Below Cobourg, a different feeling is predominant; and in Cen. tral as well as in Lower Canta the feeling aginst an connection with the United States is almost tniversal. ‘The banks of the St. Lawrence, in Upper Caneda, were settled by United Empire loyalists, who came here after the close of the Kevolutionary war, id a cepted of free grants of land. The od fe ing of loyalty is as ong a8 ever in tho descendants of ‘these settlers; and it ha: spread among the entire population in that quarter. In Lower Canaca, the opposition of the French’ Canadians to a connection with republican States amounts to a perfect herror. In their case, the motive is partly religious and partly national, Tie French Canadians desire to preserve their autoncmy; but there is nothing they prize so high as their religion, and they have an undefined fear that it would be exdangered by a connection with the States. They do rot forget that the Revolutionary Congress made it a grievance that the French laws had been guaranteed to them. Lower Canada rociety was constructed on an aristocratic basis, and an antipathy to republicanism inculcated, Numbers of the old French nobleste had largo seignories granted to them by the French monarch in the early colonization of the country, and the feudal system of landholding was only abolished a few years ago. The seignors were a privileged class, forming a colonial aris- tocracy—not a vulgar, upstart aristocracy, but a well trained, high minded aristocracy—who avoided the atrocitic the excestes committed by the hidalgos in Spanish America, and generally bore themselves in such a manner as to command the esteem of the censitaires. ‘These people are about as far as porsible removed from republicanism and they would not listen to any connec. tion with the Northern States. The circumstance that the Southern States have fatien out of the Union would be the reverse of a recommendation to them, for the greater the degree of republican sentiment the greater their antipathy. Nova Scotia would, in our opinion, be nearly as difficult to move, if it were a question of uniting with the Nort Roth in Nova Scotia and New Branswick there is a strong leaven of the ola United Empire loyalist fecling. ‘The early settlers hav@ not been extinguished a large immigration; and in Nova Seotia, where unt- realsultrage has been adopted, there ix a devotedly loyal population, with no sympathies for United States polities or institutions. New Brunswick, or at least a portion of it which is on the Bay of Fundy, has more in- tercourse with the United States, but no admiration for Atorican institutions finds expression there. An wnion between the Northern States and British America would for many years be impossible, even aup- posing there to be no disinclination to sever the tie that connects it to the mother country and no obstacles in the way of effecting that severance, Lower Canada changes slowly, and the revolution of sentiment required to in. duce her to join the United States could not be effected in half a century. There is, therefore. no use in talking about such an Union at present. The only Union that seems porsible in this part of America, is one that would connect the whole of the British provinces into one con foderacy A NORTHERN CONFEDERATION. (From the Toronto é, Jan. 29 | The evident determination of all the cotton States of the American Union to secede, absol unconstitutionally, with the view of reorganizing a slave: holding confederacy upon a hew basis better suited than thg present, as eeceders think, to develope the pe- culiar interests of the South, has given a new tarn to the diseuesion, and has compelled Northern journaliete and politicians to consider seriously the questions of Jietinet confederacics instead of one. the ad- pinistration, on the 4th o thern States will have reesived them: e Union, will have formed an alliance offensive and defensive with each other against tha fede povert ment at Washington, an’ wilt have organized rge military force capable lefonding themaelver egaipat any attack from federal troops. They will be tn selves out of t inevita- bie. Mr. will he is compelled by an aggressive movement on the part of the South. The seizure of forts, &c., he does not deem ag- gr Thus Tye South a has 8 ample iy to hod ete its Secession arrangement! prepare for a stru- Fie, if Mr. Lingoln and his republican Cabinet shall at- tempt to ‘ enforce the laws.’’ By 4 prompt, bold Andrew Jackson policy, South Caro- lina might have been reduced to subject seces- sion nipped in the bud. But traitors and sympathizers ruled at Wi ton; the movement was aided and en- couraged where it it to have been combatied; it ahead, has involved, ae roale. ave in its wild whirl, and now nothing a ¥ ly, expensive, conquer- ing war can turn back the revolution and re-establish the federal authority, And, as we pointed out some time ago, the important, the difficult, the ere question, upon which every thinking man in the Union must now be pondering, is:—Will such contest pay! Will viory or de- feat bring the greater trouble? Wi tion be destroyed lic fell when one or two of the States A partnership is dissolved ipso fucto half of tho partners go to law with the So, too, the union of the States, on equal terms, each angrights and immunities of its can, 0s aga us confede- rates, is destroyed, and though the fe i ‘independence of the States, reat. 7 fer aggrandizement soul westward. Canada and the lower provinces are suppos- ed to be “‘ripe’’ for admission into the free confederacy of the North, and they are held up as an ample quid pro quo for the seceding States of the South. The New York finan has published several articles of its own, as well as letters from correspondents, inculcating this view of the question. The Board of Aldermen. PROPOSED HOS! ‘ALITIES TO THE PRESIDENT ELECT NEGATIVED—REPORT OF THE CENTRAL PARK COM- MISSIONERS. A petition was received from the Commissioners of Charities and Correction asking for the establishment of telegraphic wires from Seventy-ninth street to their ofllce in Bond street. Referred. A petition from the New York Opthalmic Hospital, asking for a donation of $1,000 for that valuable institution, was referred to the Com- mittee on Finance, The petition, which states that 8,662 patients have boeu relieved since the establishment of the hospital, was signed by Drs. J. P. Garresh and Mark Stephenson, attending physicians, and others. President Gener offered a resolution that Hon, Murray Hoftman be requested to prepare a revised edition of the ‘Treatise upon the Fstato and Rights as Proprietors,” a former edition having been destroyed by fire, and that tho siim of $2000 be appropriated as compensation to Judge Hoffman for such labor. Laid over. PROPOSED PUBIC HOSPITALINIES 10 NEGATIVED, Alderman Dayion offered the ‘following resolution :— Whereas, it is reported that the President elect of the United States will ina few days leave his home for the city cf Washington, to assume the duties of the exalted position to which he hes been called by the voice of the people, in conformity with the provisions of the constitu. tion of the United States; Resolved, if the Board of Councilmen concur, that in order to testify our devotion to the Union, loyalty to the constitution aid respect for the laws made in pnrsuance thereof,a joint committee of the Common Council be ap- pointed, to consist of the President and three menbers of each Board, to invite the President elect to visit our city, and accept the cordial welcome of its citizens, on his way to the vational capital. Alderman Fartey asked that the gentleman presenting the resolution should be permitted to withdraw it. Alderman Boor said that as, perhaps, it would involve an expenditure of money, the resolution should stand over for a future meeting of the Board. Alderman Dayrox said it was quite natural for the Alderman of the Twelfth (Boole) to wish to wait for a proposition to expend money ‘on the Committee of Reception; but he believed that the cordial welcome of this great city of the North, without any expenditure of money, would be more acceptable to Abraham Linens, tha Drowtdent cleot af the United States, and ther™was uo necessity for asking that the pockets of the city treasury should be taxed for the occa si THE PRESIDENT ELECT ion. Alderman Dayton charged Alderman Boole with ridi- culing the proposition by endeavoring to postpoue it for an expenditure of mon Alderman Booxk repudiated any intention to cast ridi- cule on the motion made respecting the reception of the President elect. Alderman Dayton reiterated his belief in the intention ef ridicule, and said that it was manifested by the ‘smiles’ with which it was received. Alderman Boo.x said that if Alderman Dayton insisted in his assertion that he intended to slight the resolution he would say that ho was stating what was false, and he (Boole) Arould hold him (Dayton) responsible, (Manifes- tations of applanse in the lobby. Alderman Fronent said that if the resolution was in- tended merely as a mark of respect to the President elect he would vote for it, but if kg. was to be understood as endorsing the sentiments of S0At party he should oppose it. ‘The resolution was lost on yote of ayes and noes, Alderman Baciey offered a resolution that a special committee inquire into the character and description of the work of constructing the gate houses for the receiy- ing reservoir, Adopted. resolution reepecting the appropriation for tho celebration of Washington's birthday was agaiu called up and laid on the tabio The fourth annual report of the Central Park Commis- sioners was received and orered to be printed. It appears by the report that during the year 3,579 la- borers have been employed; that the land cost $3,744,- 798, and the whole expenses thus far have bean $2,703,- 166 66—making a total of $6,447,904 85. ‘This money was raised by bouds on city security, none ef which are redeemable within forty years. ‘The expenditures during the last year amounted to $114,000. The Commissioners state that the bill of the Commissioners for the extension of the Central Park is exorbitant, and should not be paid. After considerable routine business the Board adjourn- od to Monday next. Commissioners of Charities and Correc- tion, This Board mot yesterday, Simeon Draper presiding. ‘The report of the Committee of the Whole stated that 268 persons, male and female, have been transfer. red from the city prison to the workhouse as va- gants; that 11,255 applications for outdoor relief have been received since the winter commenced, out of which 1,600 have been refused for satisfactory reasons; that there is a correspondence carried on by the President of the Board and the Emigration Commissioners which is likely to terminate in a speedy settlement of the histori.” cal diffouity pending between the two Boards; that there has been an application made to the Common Council to appoint John E. White, Commissioner of Deeds, Warden of the Bellevue Hospital; John Fitch Superintendent of the Workhouse, and N. . Anderson Warden of the Almehouse, and also for ermission to establish telegraphic communication between the inetitations on the islands and the office of the ‘tment in Bood street; that a fire brokevut in the hoop skirt factory at the workhouse on the evening of the 27th ult., which ‘was extinguished before it had done much damage; that a letter has been received from Comptrolier Haws, in re. sponse to one from Mr. Draper inquiring when the re. isitions from the Board would vo honored and that the Comptroller states that the Common Coune!l have mado ‘no appropriations for the current year yet, and that no yments can be made till the appropriations the Yommen Council. The report was received in the usual formal manner, and adopted likewise. The number of inmates in the institutions at present is 9,030, an increase of 117 over last week. The number admitted during tho week was 1,883, and those dis- charged, transferred or who died, aumbered 1,766. A New Doner.—Carl Yoger, a Gorman, about 60 years of age, was brought before Justice Osborn, at the Lower Police Court, yesterday, on the charge of swindling, un- der the following circumstances —On Wednesday, the pri- soner called at the store of John H. Lorenzen, No. 205 Division street, and in a yery confldential manner in- formed him that he had a splendid lot of counterfeit money for sale, at eleven cents on the dollar. Yoger then showed Lorenzen a gold dollar, which he represented to be counterfeit, and said he had $1,000 worth of the coin, which he would sell for the vory ‘moderate sum of $110. After considerable bartering © Yoger was given to understand that his offer was accepted, and he romised to call again the following with the stuff In tho meautime, however, Loren zeus communicated with detectives Bennett and Mucdou- gal, and when Yoger called Festornay jt was arranged that that be should receive the $110 as though the transaction was perfectly benofide. Yogor was on hand promptly, and on receipt of the cash hoe told Lorenzen Lopfotiow him up town and he would give him the counterfeit money. On their arrival at the residence of Mayor Wood, on the Bloomingdale road, Yoyer said he occupied the mansion, and told Lorenzen ‘to wait outside while he went in to get the bogus coin, Lorenzen acquieseed, and Yoger paseed into the Mayor's place with as much coolness us thongh he wae t © real owner of the oetate, and mace for the hall door. Before he got up to the or, he dodged behind some shrubbery, and. thinking that hit movementa were unperosived, he started off at a full run aeroee tho neighboring grounds. The de- tectiver, who had their eyes on him all the while, were fn hot pursuit in a moment afterwards, and after an ex citing chase captured the dodger and brought him to the polies headquarters in Broome streot, In the possession of the prisoner was found the specimen dollar meant to deceive the unwary, which upon investigation proved to be genuine. He had hoped by means of this glittoring bait to awindle Lorenzen out of $110, but failed most sig y. dodge was a new one, and would have boon fu), perhaps, with a person loss honest ghan Yoger remains at the detectives’ office fur ni highly suece Mr. Lorenzen, a day or 80 Court of General Sessions. Before Judge MoCunn. A CROWDED PRIBON—ENERGETIC ACTION OF THE CIYT JUDGE LY DISPOSING OF CRIMINALS. - ‘The term of this court was extended for another week by the City Judge for the purpose of disposing of the prisoners who are now awaiting trial in the Tombs. During the week a large number of cases were tried, the majority of which possessed no features of interest. A few days since, Judgo MoCunn visited the City Prison, to learn the actual condition of the inmates, when he discovered that the cells were so crowded (in some in- stances four prisoners occupying one cell) as to prompt him to take energetic measures to decrease the number by giving the accused parties speedy trials. Recorder Hoffman will preside during the February term, but the City Judge will hold another branch of the court in order to dispose of the large calendar of ariminal cases now ‘awaiting the action of the judges of this court. ESCAPE OF COUNTERFEITERS—A QUESTION FOR THE POLICE COM- MISSIONERS. It is worthy of remark, that during the week, in four tances, men ‘who were indicted for passing counterfeit bills were declared ‘ not guilty’’ by the jury. But this verdict was only a techpical one, for the circum- ‘stances surrounding tho cases showed that the prosecu- tion would have been sustained had the police officers who made the arrests proper!; aeearene their duty. Jt is the province of these law, as they arrest a person charged notes, to put a private mark accused, 80 when the votes may be legally cannot secure a conviction. Police Commissioners to refresh suardians of the public in respect to, thale if the new! members of Ce ‘Yo oas lax as thelr 00 have been, ei money. oon be flooded with count DIAHOLICAL OUTRAGES ON CHILDREN. ‘A lamentable illustration of the depravity and brutality cf creatures in the shape of human beings was furnished in this week’s calendar, for three cases of rape, said to have been perpetrated on little girls under twelve years of age, were brought before the attention of the court. In one instance an old man, faid to have been over sixty years of age, was charged’ with attempting to ravish a young girl. His counsel produced competent medi- cal testimony to show that it was utterly impossible for him to have perpetrated the offeuce for which he was indicted, and, believing in his innocence, the legal adviser instructed his client to plead guilty to a simplo assault, The City odes sent Miller (for that was the name of the accused) to Blackwell's [sland for nine months. Another charge of rape resulted in an acquittal, and in still another the jury disagreed, for juries are cautious in pronouncing a verdict of guilty ‘upon men who bad previously sustained a good reputa- tion, except when the testymony of the females is corro- porated by physicians and their story is sustained by cireumstanees.” Yeeterday a melancholy spectacle was presented, a married man, named Phillip Witterson, having been placed on trial for committing a rape upon a little girl named Sarah Dort, who swore that the de- fendant enticed her into his store, and after giving her some confectionery, took improper liberties with her. ‘This case was tried some time ago, when the jury failed 2 3 : Feetee i i five times, The case will be finished on Friday. Coun- sol for the defence claim that they can show that this is an attempt at extortion on the part of the parents of the inl . THE CASE OF SHEPARD AGAIN, Farly in the week counsel for James Shepard (who has been twice tried and sentenced to be exe- cuted forthe crime of arson in the first de gree, when it was supposed that his wife was burned up) stated to the Court that Shepard had been confined in the Tombs for three years anda half. For several months he had been urging the District Attorney to bring on the case for trial, and counsel suggested to the Court that unless his client was tried within a reasonable time he ought to be discharged. It will be remembered that a new trial was obtained for Shepard, the Court of Appeals having decided that there were in. formalities in the previous trials, The last y that were called upon to decide the question of hisfuilt or inno- cence failed to agree, ‘A NOTED BURGLAR SENT TO SING SING. An Eighteenth ward burglar, who called himself George Abrams, but who is known to the police as Gunton, Perigo to burglary inthe third degree, and was gent to the State prison for four years and nine months. STABBING OF A‘ BLACK REPUNLICAN.”” A colored man named Frederick Scott was tried and convicted of assaulting Charles Ayres (algo a “ black re. publican’), as he was entering a boarding house, in Park street, on the 15th of December. Scott knocked the other colored gentleman down and then cut him with a cket knife. For this salutation Mr, Scott was furnished ward and lodging at the expense of the county in Sing Sing for three years and nine months. CONVICTION AND SENTENCK OF JACOB MILLER, FOR ARSON. On Wednesday Jacob Miller, who kept a lager beer salgon at No. 460 Cana! street, was tried for arson in the second degree, The avid fur the prosecution oon- Fisted entirely of circumstances, but the signs of guilt were presented in such a manner as to lead the jury to render a verdict of guilty. John McCullom testified that on the 10th of September he saw the prisoner's store open as usual, but an hour afterwards he was awakened by a fire, and at, the expira- tion of three quarters of an hour one floor of the house, the ‘titions aud window frames were burned. Early the following morning Miller was seen to hurry down the street; he looked at the house, and after remainining ten minutes went away, having stated to a bystander that he was not insured. Other witnesses were examined who testified that the morning after the fire an examination was made of Mille premisee, when it was discovered that no property was there, save a few Lepeg: open Fire 1 Baker gaye a detailed account of the exami- nation of the prisoner before him, when he confeesed to him that he was insured. It was proven that Miller was insured in the Hamilton Fire Insurance Company for $450. The surveyor of the company made an inventory of the articles found in Miller’s house after the fire, the aggregate value of which was $102 25. ‘The jury convicted the ew on Wednedsay evon- ing, mod liller was brought up for sentence the following mornin, The Kity Judge prefaced the sentence by some re- marke upon the gravity of the crime of arson. Ho admitted that the evidence in this case was circum: stantial, but it clearly demonstrated the guilt of the ac- cused. ‘The building which he fired was separated by a thin partition from a dwelling which was occupied by buman beings. It was true that the prisoner took the precaution to clear the inmates out before the building was fired; but, in this crowded city, it was necessary that his Honor should make an example, or else there would be no end to the commission of s) offences. In conclusion, he complimented Fire Marshal Baker for his judustry, and sentenced Miller to imprisonment in the State prison for twelve years and three months. PRESENTMENT OF THE GRAND JURY. FREQUENCY OF FIRES—THR SHDITIONS MESKAGE OF THR MAYOR—A MORE EFFICIENT POLICE REQUIRED, HTC. The Grand Jury, having finished their duties, present- ed a batch of indictments in the afternoon, and previous to being discharged handed the subjoined presentment to the Clerk, which was placed on file without being read:— The Grand Jury of the Genoral Sessions of the city and county of New York, in tho discharge of thoir dutics, cannot avoid noticing certain matters which at this time deman’'s the attention of all good citizens. The fre. quence of fires is well calculated to alarm us, affording, ‘as it does, indisputable evidence that the number of in- cendiaries haa greatly increased, and should call forth that degree of promptness, activity and perseverance on the part of the police of our city, which is alone calow lated effectually to remedy the vil, by bringing offenders to punishment. The Grand Jury, believing in the efficacy and necessity of a public example, regret that however much the department may have been exerted with this view, it bas not as yet produced the desired result. We have the most lamentabie proof of the existence of other evils in our community, to which we desire to direct the attention of the proper authorities. The prevalence of a spirit of insnbordination to tho laws, the seditionary doctrines annunciated throughout the recent pub- lished papers of the highest executive officer of this city, we look upon as being too well caleu- lated to pander to the worst passions of dangerous combinations of in our midst—by no means inconsiderable in point of numbers, and at times ex hibiting riotons profligncy—a reckless disregard of the rights of peaceable citizona—and acta of open outrage, which bave of late resulted in tho death of several per- sons, a matronly and respectable woman among the num- ber, at her own residence, in the open day. Few subjects could be presented of more importance to the good of #0. ciety than this. Numbers combining in the perpetration of crime strengthen riotous determination and encour: ineach other the hope of escape and impunity. contamination of evil example is of Inte greatly increased, and, unless the prompt interposition of the strong arm of tho law is effectual in the breaking up of such combina. tions, and the certain punishinent of the offenders, they will go on increasing in numbers and in boldness of crime until at length the life and property of no individual ave thrown into the bighost de- of alarm and disorder. Woe trust that our Police jssioners and criminal courts will look into this matter and give it tho consideration its importance de- mands. And particularly do we urge that they mako thorough investigation of the causes of this unfortunate increase of profligate habits and enable themselves to be {instrumental in the introduction of such reforma as may cond to the improvement of public morals and he productive of salutary offects throughout our community. The Grand Jury cannot but be sensible of ‘the importance of perseverance and expedition in the discovery of offouders and the punishment of crime, It is the hope of escape that gives encouragement to tho culprit, The certainty of punishment is of inflaitely more consequence than its severity in the prevention of crime. The extent of our city, the rapid increase of po- pulation, the great influx of persons from abrond and the neighboring States during the busy seasons which crowd into thia great commercial mart of the Union, render it peculiarly necessary that our police force should be prompt, able and efficient guardians of our persons and property. Acting under a senso of their high responsi jlity, and with an earnest desire to direct the pablic at. tention to Matters deserving of seriou , tho Grand Jury have felt it to be their duty to allude thas briefly to topics npon which they could easily have en- Jarged, and which they hereby respectfully submit as, in their opinion, requiring the attention of the proper an thorities. A. A ‘MAN, Foreman, Jaure M. Tavton, Seeretary. Army Intelligence, Provet Major General David E. Twigas, U.S. A., has been relioved (at his own request) from the command of © military department of Texas, which command is de ved on Gol. Charles A. Waite, First infantry, It is ui lcrstood that Gen, Twiggs proposes to resign. —Thomas J. Armstrong, young man, was convicted in Philatelpbia on ay last, of the murder of ® young man named Sentonoe was deferred Conviction OF A Menon Coroners’ Office. ‘Tex Surroseo Homicie Case inv Ouver Staxer.—Core- ner Schirmer concluded the inquest yesterday, at the Fourth precinct station house, upon the body of Margaret Bearchel!, who was supposed to have been beaten to death by her husband. The evidence went to show that de- ceased was a woman of very intemperate habits, and that she recently received some very severe falla while intoxi- cated. None of the witnesses were able to testify that deceased was beaten hy her husband in tho brutal man. ner aliaged in the anonymous communication to the police. < went to show that death was caused by compression of brain fi lot of blood, in from a clo the result of violence. A verdict of “Death by 4 received in some manner unknown,” was rendet the jury jand the Coroner thereupon’ discharged the hus- band of deceased from custody. Svicipg by TaxavG Powox.—Coroner Schirmer was noti- fied yesterday to hold an inquest at 79 Mercer street, upon the body of Clara C. Caswell, a native of Vermont, aged twenty-two years, who committed suicide by taking corrosive sublimate. Deceased, it appeared, was pro- jotress of a house of ill fame, and becomi Rerlover resolved to put an ‘end to hor exitanee "Onn Tuesday afternoon she sent for a dose of corrosive subli- mate and swallowed it the same evening. Dr. Wykoi! was called upon to attend the dying woman, but notwith- standing every ‘t was made to save her life she died im about twenty- hours afterward. Deceased had only been in possession of the premises about a month. Farat Fatt.—Nathaniel Howard, @ resident of No. 9 ‘Thames street, died at the New York Hospital yesterday from the effects of injuries received, as it is supposed, by falling down a flight of stairs on Tuesday night. Coroner Jackman was notified to hold an upon the but in consequence of tho sn Samat a: ee Ro ee eee this ; Deceased was a married man, was a night wwalchmssn by Ooobpation. , Bopy Recoverep.—The body of un unknown man, sup- posed to be that of Captain Joseph Nelson, of No. 22 Ham- ilton avenue, Brooklyn, was found floating in the Staten Island ferry slip yesterday. Deceased had been missi since the 24th ult., and when last seen alive he was No. 110 Pearl street. Coroner Schirmer will hold an in- quest upon the body to-day. The Syracuse Hubbub. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Syracuse, Jan. 80, 1861. Our citizens rely upon the accuracy of the Herauo’s reports, but in this morning’s edition, as received here this evening, the proceedings of the ‘“squolching” of the Abolition Convention, as transmitted to you from this city per special correspondence, are a little imperfect, which you will please have the kindness to correct. The report received by you unfortunately omitted the fol- lowing resolution, which was embodied in a series of resolutions, the whole beiog adopted unanimously by the Convention:— Reeolved, That as this government was founded up compromises with our Southern brethren, it is but right and proper that in order to dispel the dark clouds which bang over our distracted country, and to restore the bright galaxy of stars to its former beauty and glory, we bow hereby folemnly pledge ourselves to maintain ‘and sustain the compromise measures offered in the United States Senate by the Hon. John J. Crittenden, of Ken- tucky, believing that Mr. Crittenden’s amendments are the best, if not the only measures yet presented which will have the desired effect of saving the Union and re- storing once more the bonds of brotherly love between the different sections of the land. Personal Intelligence. Rey. Randall Ward, of England; 1. J. Justice, of St. Paul; H. Emerson, of Boston, and B. D. Beach, of ‘Spring field, are stopping at the Fifth Avenue Hotel. Col. T. B. Lawrence, J. H. Wolcott and George Bacon of Boston; Dr. Miller, of Washington,and Robert Wheaton, of Providence, R. f., are stopping ai the Brevoort House. L. Abbott, of the United States Navy; A. R. Corbin, of Washington; D. Howe, Jr., F. H. Palmer, of Boston, and R. Hazard and wife, of Rhode Iland, are stopping at the Astor House. George B. Blake, of Poston; John F, Rossel, of Og- densburg; N. G. Whitmore, of Mansfield, Mass.; ‘Thomas F. Eddy, of Fall River, and J. J. Schlapper, of New York, are stopping at the Clarendon Hotel. C. C. Noyes, of Boston; A. N. ©. Neal and wife, of Dela- ware; A. N. Bertram, of New York; W. H. Phelps, 8. R. Boyd, of Connecticut, and Frances Correoso, of Cuba, are stopping at the Lafarge House. Dr. Burnstead and wife, of New York; John R, Preston, of Mobile; W. W. Kimball, of Chicago; Mr. oe wife, of Albany, and Mr. Cheshire, of’ New Rochelle, are stopping at the Union Place Hotel. George Sumner, of Boston; N. ©. White, W. B. Dana and wife, of Utica; E. V. Kingsley, of West’ Point; Johm 8, Isaacs, of Chicago; A. Gershon, of St. Louis, and M. Aylton, of Paris, are stopping at the St. Donis tlotel. A. A. Lawrence and R. M. Tobey, of Boston; Col. Beauregard and Lieut. Pease, of the United States Army; P. C, Calhoun, of Bridgeport, and Charles Bots and wife, of New York, are stopping at the Everett House. ©.G. Allen, of Virginia; J. B. Richardson, of Boston; FE. A. Turpin, of Caracis; J. M. S. Williams, of Cam: bridge, Mass.; B. F Hoseley, of Albany, and H. Sibley, of iter, are stopping at the St. Nicholas Hotel. Hon. J. A. Collier and family, of Binghamton; C. M. Fletcher, of the United States Navy; J. Kershaw, of Kan- as; W. 8. Stuart and A. E Kent, of Chicago; F. G. Terry, f Memphis; J. +J Jackson, of Arkansas; G. ©. Kim- rough and A. Dickson, of St. Louis, and W. G. Webster, cf Maryland, are stopping at the Metropolitan Hotel, Tho Hon. F. D. Beach, late Douglas candidate for Go- vornor, left Springfield,’ Mase., on Wodnesday morning, for Charleston, 8. C. Tho object of his mission is not made public, Many rumors are rife here. _—_—_——————— FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL. Tuavrspay, Jan. 31—6 P. M. The money market is easy and dull. On call, money is worth about five per cent, and very choice names go at seven. Names less esteemed pass at all rates from 9 to 24 per cent, those being the least popular which are supposed to be con- nected with Southern trade. Foreign exchange is dull, and in the absence of demand rates tend downward. Some leading houses have no sixty day bills to sell, but are of- fering their sight bills at 108%4 and 5.2114. Mer- cantile bills, based on produce, go at 106 a %. The stock market is almost stagnant, the trans- actions growing more limited from day to day. As the new Conference of the States meets on ‘Monday at Washington, operators think that by waiting a week they can buy or sell with some certainty of profit. This morn- ing Treasury notes declined per cent, and Tennessees 2, Missouri also fell off 4% a %. Pending the secession excitement, the stocks of States which may secede can hardly be recommended as an investment, and many holders will doubtless dispose of them. The general rail- road list advanced this morning, but there was very little business done. The most buoyant of the Western shares were Toledo and the Michigan stocks; the large earnings of the Galena, also, are leading to an increased absorption of its stock. This afternoon the market was quiet, and stocks closed inactive. Pacific Mail advanced to-day. We are informed that there is no truth in the story that the company has sold its Oregon line, though it would, it is said, save money by doing so. The following were the last quotations of the da; United States 5’s 1874, 93 a 94; Virginia 6'a, 75% a 76; Tennessees, 72% a %; Missouri 6's, 68 a +4; Canton, 144% a 7%; Cumberland Coal preferred, 8a; Pacific Mail, 85% a%; New York Cen- tral, 797% a 80; Erie, 36a%%; Hudson River, 46 a}; Harlem, a 16; Harlem preferred, 38 a %; Reading, 45% a 46; Michigan Central, 57% Va Michigan Southern and Northern Indiana, 164% do. guaranteed, 33: %; Panama, 113 a 114; Illinois Central, 79: 80; Galena and Chi- cago, 74% a 4; Cleveland afd Toledo, 34% a Chicago and Rock Island, 58 a 4; Chicago, Bur- lington and Quincy, 73 ae. It is stated on good authority that Congress will shortly pass the famous Morrill tariff. The seces- sion of the Gulf States has left the protectionista in an apparent majority in both the Senate and the House of Representatives. This fortunate ae- cident the agenis of the manufacturers of Penn- sylvania and New England are about to turn to ac- ~ count by enacting the most odious, oppressive and clumsy tariff that ever found a place on the statute bogks of the United States. It is urged by republican leaders that the United States revenue falls short of the expenditure, and that conse- quently—in the absence of any feasible scheme for the collection of direct taxes—the duties on foreign products ought to be raised in order to protect the government from insolvency. Admit- ting this proposition, the Morrill tariff does not meet the end proposed. It is not a revenue tariff. It ia purely a protective tariff, contrived in the in- terest of « few manufacturers in Pennaylvania and New Englend. Of tea and coffee, the United States imported year about $30,000,000, fram of duty. These importations could afford to pay fully five tuillions revenue; the Morrill tariff does not touch them, But on manufactures competing with the ‘