The New York Herald Newspaper, January 25, 1861, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OPFIOK N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU 878. MS, én adear fomey sent by mail will be at the he The Santen” Nene SS Hank bile current in New York THE DATDS” HERALD, to cents per copy, $7 per annum. THE WEERLY HARALD. coory Saturdath at le conta par , OF $3 per anmum; the European Edition every Wednestay, Fe ents fer cons, Bi pes amu toramy, part af reat Britan, n a ‘vali both to include postage; the Gal iti te ee ‘Bist of each month, dt via rc CEE BAIL, om Wednesday, at four cents per OO SE Le A pes PONDENCE, containing important meres, vom any quarter of the world; if vsed, will be Mss Joe." par Gun Foxman Connisroxnairs Aue Parricts anny Requested TO SKAL ALL LETTERS AND PACK- sete NOTICE taken of anonymous correspondence, We do not pemaneantcations. TOVERTISEMENTS vencired cory bape itevtinemne ine sotted tn the Weexty Hawaup, Famtuy Hunatn, ond inthe Caiyer nia and European FPditions. WNT PTINTING executed with meatness, cheapness and de- pau Volume xXXVI AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. ACADEMY OF MUSI ‘urteenth strect.—Iraian Ore- wa—l. GIURAMENTO. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Damon axp Prturas. WINTRR GARDEN, Broadway, opposite Bond atrect.— Racuagy ILL BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Tirroo Sais, OR THUR romaine OF SkuINGAPATAM WALLACK'S TUBATRE, Broadway.—Taz Lap or St. Tuorss. LAURA KEBNE'S THEATRE, No. 624 Broadway.— Bevan SisteRs, NEW BOWERY THEATRE. .—A Peer Beuwwp mit Reunes~ GuaNce at Naw Yonw—Waieack. RYUM'S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway.—Day and Rycaing Jose Aub” Hip Bustusian Lavina Cusiost- wins, &0 BRYANTS' MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broad- way.—BurLesques, SONGS, DaNcxs, &0.—So1ee D'Bruiorn, HOOLEY & CAMPBELL'S MINSTRELS, Niblo's Saloon, " Sonus, Daxcus, Buaiusques, &c.— OPOLITAN HALL, Jersey City.—Bupwortn & L's MINSTRELS—BURLESQUE ON Rarer. Se New York, Friday, January 25, 1861. The News. Governor Brown, of Georgia, backed by seven hundred State troops, yesterday morning demanded the surrender of the United States Arsenal at Au- gusta, Atnoon the demand was complied with. The federal troops saluted their flag and retired. The arsenal, at the time of the surrender, was oc- cupied by a company of United States soldiers, who had, it is reported, been sent to Augusta at the solicitation of the citizens, whe desired to pro- tect the property from apprehended attack by a mob. The Louisiana State Convention met on Wednes- day, and, after organizing, adopted a resolution providing for the appointment of a committee which reported an ordinance of secession yester- day. Entire unanimity prevailed throughout the proceedings. The Legislature of Louisiana has endorsed the action of the Governor with refer- ence to the capture of the fortifications. Our Washington despatches state that news had reached there that the Legislature of Kentucky had decided against calling a State Convention. This is considered as equivalent to a declaration against secession. Ex-President Tyler, the Virginia Commissioner appointed to wait upon the President and urge the avoidance of a collision with the secessionists, had an interview with Mr. Buchanan yesterday. It is believed that the only danger of a collision rests with the secessionists themselves. If they remain peaceable there will be no trouble. The Convention of delegates from the great rail. road companies, which has been in session at Washington for the past few days, adopted yester- day resolutions in favor of the Cristenden compro- mise. They subsequently waited upon the Presi- dent and had an interchange of sentiments regard- ing the crisis. Messrs. Edward Everett, Robert C. Winthrop, A. A. Lawrence, Charles L. Woodbury and E. 8S. Tobey, the committce appointed by the citizens of Boston to present a memorial, bearing the signa- tures of fourteen thousand persons, in favor of an amicable adjustment of the pending difficulties of the nation, arrived in Washington yesterday. Captain Doubleday, writing from Fort Sumter on the 20th inst., denies the report put in circula- tion by Charleston papers that disaffection exists among the garrison. He represents the troops as in cheerful spirits, and prepared to defend the fort to the last. He also states that mortars have been placed by the South Garolinians on the land nearest the fort, and that two steamers watched the fort all night on the 19th inst. In Congress yesterday the Senate passed the bill relative to the Red River raft. The bill gives the aasent of Congress to acts passed by the States of Arkansas, Louisiana and Texas in regard to the removal of this raft, and allowing tolls to be col- lected to defray the expenses. Mr. Crittenden moved to take up his compromise resolutions, but the republicans, aided by Messrs. Gwin and Latham, refused, by a vote of twenty to twenty- six. The consideration of the Pacific Railroad bili was then resumed, and a darge number of names was added to the list of corporators, and several amendments were adopted, After an executive session the Senate adjourned. In the House the morning hour was consumed in dis- cussing the Post Route bill. The debate on the report of the Committee of Thirty-three was re- sumed, and Messrs. Rust, of Arkansas, and Ferry, of Connecticut, made speeches on the periloyg state of the country. In the course of the dobate Messrs. Rust and Dunn, of Indiana, had an altercation which created a lively excitement. It is not likely, however, to lead to serious results. The radical abolitionists of Massachusetts com- menced a two days’ session at Boston yesterday. A report of the proceedings, which were very noisy and very exciting, may be found in another part of to-day's paper. Just previous to the sailing of the steamship Montgomery for Savannah yesterday afternoon, a posse of the steamboat squad of police went on board for the purpose of examining the freight put on board by Adams’ Express Co. Capt. Berry notified them he was just ready to leave, and to prove the fact to them ordered the fasts to be cut (having been previously singled), at the same time starting the engine ahead, when, to avoid a trip ‘to sea, the police hastily scrambled ashore, and the steamer shot out into the North river amid the cheers of the crowd assembled on the dock, who gave three cheers for Capt. Berry and three more for Capt. Fletcher, The great feature of interest in the Legislature at Albany yesterday was the reception of a mes- sage from Governor Morgan, accompanying the resolutions of the Legislature of Virginia, which appoint four delegates from that State to meet the representatives of such other States as may sec fit to sond similar delegations, at Washington, on the 4th of February. Governor Morgan urges upon our legislators the propricty and duty of accepting this peace offering from the Old Dominion, ana appointing similar representatives, and ad monishes them that it is the part of states. men and true patriots to leave untried no honorable effort to preserve the peace and oneness of the Union. This message caused con- siderable debate in both houses, and its further consideration was adjourned toa future day. The discussion on the bill to prevent the aiding of the enomies of the republic was continued and pro- gress reported. . The City Chamberlain bill, as we yesterday predicted, met ita death. The discus- gion in the Assembly Irst night on Mr. Robinson's resolutions shows @ complete defeat of the pro- gramme of ‘‘no compromise,” agreed on in the re- publican caucus the other night. The steamship Niagara, -from Liverpool on the 12th, via Queenstown on the 13th inst., arrived at Halifax yesterday noon, with fifty-one passengers and upwards of $1,000,000 inspecie. She sailed at three o'clock P. M. for Boston, where she will be due to-night. The news by the Niagara is two days later than that by the North Briton, and is important. The monthly statement of the Bank of France shows a decrease in cash of over 82,000,000 franos. The Liverpool Post of the 10th states that a private despatch received in that city makes the startling announcement that the Bank of France was about to suspend specie payment, and that M. Mtres, the celebrated financier and contractor for the Turk- ish loan, had already stopped for 16,000,000 Francs, On the 1ith the National Bank of Turin raised its rate to 7 per cent. The news by the Persia, which arrived at Queenstown on the 12th, caused an advance of one-eighth of a penny in cotton, the market closing with an upward tendency. Breadstufts and produce generally dull but steady. The political intelligence by this arrival is‘not tmportant. Negotiations were progressing in Paris for the abolition of the passport system throughout Europe—a measure strongly favored by the Emperor Napoleon. The Paris correspond- ent of the London Post states that the policy of the Sardinian government is to avoid war in the spring, and that if it were possible to come to an arrangement for uniting Venetia to Italy there is every disposition on the part of Victor Emanuel and his advisers to renew friendly relations with Austria. It is stated upon good authority that the Austrian force now in Venetia amounts to something over 300,000 troops. a The mails by the steamship North Briton, which arrived at Portland on Wednesday afternoon, reached this city last night. We have received files of the Rio Janeiro papers to Dec. 8. As is usual in the summer season, some places were suffering severely from drought, and a great deal of misery among the poor country people was the consequence. The Emperor had subscribed $5,000 for the relief of Bahia, where the suffering is the greatest. From the election returns which had been received from the pro- vinces, it would seem that the government party were likely to have a majority in the new Assem- bly. The 2d of December, the Emperor's birth- day, was celebrated with great rejoicings, Te Deums, &c., all over the empire. Exchange on London continued at previous rates. The unfavorable news from the European mar- kets had produced a decline in coffee of 250 to 300 reis the arroba. From the 24th of November to Dec.7 the sales of coffee for expor- tation to the United States amounted to 53,700 sacks; for other places, 40,000. Total of sales, 93,700. By the bark Mendi, from Liberia, we have dates from that republic to Noy. 29. The recaptured Africans taken out by the Star of the Union, to the number of 460, had arrived and were doing well. Four Spaniards, with plenty of money, had landed at Gallinas—supposed to be engaged in th® slave trade—and President Benson had sent a go- vernment schooner to watch their movements, and had also sent a peremptory demand to certain chiefs, in case any slaves had been sold, to deliver up to him the whole party, Spaniards and slaves, Agricultare in the republic is said to be very pro- mising. Advices from Port au Prince, Hayti, are to the 5th inst. The anniversary of Soulouque’s downfall was celebrated with great pomp on December 22, on which occasion the Pope's legate delivered an address. The Legislature had voted a budget of $1,500,000 for the current year—much more than previous allowances. A law had also beem passed granting liberal pensions to retiring Presidents and other high ex-officers of State. Markets were dull and overstocked with all descriptions of goods. Coffee was still held at high rates, and was in demand. The heavy snow and rain sterms of yesterday have destroyed the skating in the Central Park for a few days, unless a sharp frost should take place and form a new surface. Yesterday the Park was as silent and dreary as on the previous day it had been noisy and enlivening—the only persons on the pond being those employed in the refreshment tents, the police, and one man who was trying to find a te dollar gold piece he had lost on the ice the previous evening. He did not find it, although engaged for over an hour scraping through a depth of twelve inches of snow. The Tammany General Committee met last night. A call was issued calling for a meeting on Monday night next to elect delegates to a State Convention at Albany. The romainder of the night was passed in settling contested delegations from the Fighth and Sixteenth wards. In the lobby attendant a free fight took place between two of the rival factions, which amply sustained the well known reputation of Tammany Hall in such af- fags. Fie Board of Aldermen met yesterday, but transacted very little business of importance. A resolution to appoint a committee to attend to the preparation for the celebration of the 129th anni- versary of Washington's birthday was. laid over. A resolution was presented to the effect that pro- per accommodation be granted some of our city courts. It was referred toa special committee. Several resolutions and documents were laid on the table, and after the usual routine business the Board adjourned until next Monday. The Board of Councilmen met last evening and adopted a resolution directing the Committee on Fire Department to report the number of steam fire engines now im use, the maker and cost of each, and the name of the company now using them; also to ascertain the opinion of the Chief Engineer as to whether any more steamers are needed. A petition fora ferry from the foot of Twelfth street, North river, to. Jersey City was re- ferred to the appropriate committee. The pre- sentment of the Grand Jury of the Oyer and Ter- | miner, recommending that the hasty action of the | Board of last year in respect to changes in the oc- cupancy of the court rooms, and which also cen- sures the members of the Common Council, who withhold from the Board of Supervisors the pro- perty on the north side of the Park, was referred to a special committee. Mr. Orton offered a reso- lution to discharge the special committee to whom was referred a resolution directing the Clerk to advertise for proposals for printing the records of the Board, which was lost, ail the democrats voting against it, Mr. Orton stated that he was led to present the resolution in consequence of the recent disclosures made by the Board of Super- visors respecting the printers te the Common Council. A petition was received from John H. Tobite, printer to the Sapervisors, offer- ing to do the prioting for the Councilmen at one-half the rate now paid. This petition was rejected by the same vote. It is said that this printing affair is a second edition of the Japanese swindle, and it is going to have a com- plete overhauling on the part of the opposition members of the Board. The President announced | the standing committees, after which the Board adjourned till Thursday. Judge McCunn delivered his first charge to the Grand Jury yesterday in the Court of General Ses- sions. After calling their attention to the ordi- nary topics, he promises to do all in his power to see that our citizens are protected in their rights and privileges. He then alludes to the increase of taxation, and is of the opinion that if our munici- pal officials were compelled to fulfil their duties honestly, the citizens would be amply com pensated for all extra taxation by having a heal hy city government. His Honor says the Grand NEW YORK HERALD, FRID AY, JANUARY 25, 1861. Jury has more power to compel officials to perform their duties and to suppress crime than any other branch of our judicial system. No thermometer is a more accurate indicator of atmospheric temperature than our public institu- tions are of the condition of the poorer classes and the severity of the times. The woekly returns made to the Commissioners of Charities and or- rection yesterday show that they contain at pre- sent the extraordinarily high number of 8,913 per- sons—another increase during last week of 156. The number admitted since the last retarn was 1,665, and that discharged, transferred, or who died, was 1,523. We are indebted to Adams’ Expreas for Now Orleans pajfra three days in advance of the mail. ‘The extreme inclemenoy of the weather yosterday tended to check transactions in some descriptions of pro- duce, The forsign news impartod moro vitality to tho cotton market, which closed at an advance of 0. a o. The sales footed up abput 3,300 bales, 1,300 of which were closed late in the afternoon. We quote midilin, uplands at about 12440. a12'{c. Flour was less active, and the market was heavy and lowor for some descrip- tions. The chief sales were made for export. Wheat was quict and easier, with moderate @ales. Corn, under tho pres- sureof liberal supplies of new, was heavy and lower, while ‘sales were to a fair oxtent for export and to the local aud Kastern trade, Pork was leas buoyant and active; sales of new mess were made at $17 87% a $18, and now prime at $13 a $13 25. Sugars were dull; smail gales of Cuba, ia Jobbing ota, were made, with 800 boxes and 1,900 bags on terms stated elsewhere. Coffee was quite steady, with sales of 3,500 bugs Rio at Llc. a 1c., and 150 mate Java” at 16c. Freights .were drm, while engagements were moderate. The Two Great Confederacies—Manifest Destiny of the North and of the South. We published, in yesterday’s Henao, a let- ter from a distinguished correspondent in New Orleans, which may well arrest attention, at the present stage of the crisis in the country. In the same connection, we reprint, to-day, pas- sages from speeches delivered by Senator Seward, in the course of the late Presidential campaign, indentical in substance, and equally sound in policy, with the utterances of the Southern statesman whose communication we have just laid before the public. Speeches and letter are so alike in moderation of tone, en- terprising foresight, and the disoretion of their suggestions, that they must commend them- selves to the common sense of every intelligent reader. Our correspondent declares that there are “really no discordant interests between the North and the South; that they have every inducement to maintain relations of the strict- est amity together; that change should en- gender no enmity, and the exigencies of national economy involve a peaceable but not a violent transition.” After pointing out, in detail, the difference between the state of the republic when our forefathers achieved inde- pendence for thirteen sparsely populated colonies, containing only three millions of inhabitants, and its condition now, with thirty- one millions of people, he continues :-~ ‘Tho eaglo eyes gf the Northern States look northwest- ward northward, and behold there an endless ex- panse of territory, willing, with but a slight display of coyness, to unite tts destinies with hers forever. ; Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, prosperous, flour! 4 and needing but to bo regrafted on the tree, of whic! they were once branches, and whose invigorating sap is only wanting to make Halifax, Quebec, Montreal and Toronto, the expanding rivals of New York, Philadelphia and Caicago, belong and must inevitably be one day united with you, ina common body tic. From the Potomac to the north pole; from Cape to Vancouver's land, identity of interest is the inspiration which cannot fail to accomplish a destiny, a8 mautifest as the absorp- tion of Normandy and Calais was of yore by France, and as the unification of Italy will soon prove, under Garibaldi and Victor Emanuel. Homogeneity of character; like re- ligious and philanthrovic sympathies; similarity in the tenure of property and in the employment of oor an unconscious blending even of hostile shades of political sentiment, all point towards an autonomy, distinct and fect, under which the regions from Mason and "8 Tine, tothe ‘open sea of Dr. Kane, will naturally 4 while they must remain in everlasting contrast with the South, with few points of similarity in character, but many ties in trade aud commerce. And respecting the intentions of the South, r the writer continues:-& ; Can the Southern States annex Mexico with the consent and aid of Massaebt S ve Remember the opposition which the attempts to ‘acquire Cuba have ever encountered at the hands of Northern r ives in Congress. Even the question epresentati of Texas convulsed the country, destroyed oxisting rina, and. ereated aw Ged. seni eaves, wosioes betwaen ar could Northern joint stock legislation be to us, within the next ten, fifteen or twenty years Compare these sentences with the sybil-like prophecies of Senator Seward at St. Paul. He says:— 1 look far off into the Northwest, and see tho Russian as he busily occupies himself in building seaports, and towns, and fortifications, and I can say, ‘Go om; bulld up your outposts to the Arctic Ocean; they will yet become the outposts of my own country, to extend the civilization of the United States in tae Northwest’) Bo I lok apoa Hupert’s, land ana Canada, and Lam able to cay, «Ih ie very well; you are building excellent States to be here- after admitted Into the American Union.” Ican look fey ight and sce also ~ on eee im the ratory et) their reorganizati equal aod independent: members of the United staten ot America. The institutions which you desire so much to con- serve are almost as ephemeral as yourselves. It is evident, beyond cavil, that, while men like Slidell, Davis, Keitt, Rhett, Mason, Benja- min and others, have been toiling for years to build up a Southern confederacy, extending from Mason and Dixon’s line to the Orinoco; including the Gulf of Mexico as an American lake; and Cuba as a nucleus whence to reopen the African Slave trade, rival statesmen at the North, such as Seward, Wade, Lincoln, Hale, and Sumner, have been mapping out an im- mense empire this side of the Potomac, to em- brace every acre. of territory as far as the Arctic Ocean. Both sections have compre- hended that, upon commercial developement, sagaciously and wisely fostered, must depend the future premperity and happiness of either. Each has also understood that their respective destinies cannot possibly be accomplished to- gether. Neither has aimed at the extinction of the glories that shine around the liberties of the American continent, but to add new lustre to them, and give them increased extension. They unite in deprecating the violence into which extremists, in South Carolina and the New England States have been hurried, and desire that the farewell which must be spoken between the slaveholding and non-slave- holding States, should be pronounced in amity, with a full appreciation of past remembrances, and of the exigencies which render the continu- ance of a common government impossible. Under such circumstances, the most practi- cal course which can be pursued, would be for Mr. Seward himself, than whom no one has more profoundly fathomed the wants of both sections of the republic, to bring forward, at once, such a measure as shall secure the peace- ful dissolution of the Union without delay. Let him propose the reference of all questions be- tween North and South to a committee, whose duty it shall be to report as to the best and most prudent means of effecting a separation, and also with regard to the arrangements which a division of our national debt, ot the Territo- ries and of federal property, will necessitate, The narrow minded fanaticism of turbulent, pernicious agitators, both North and South, would receive from such action on his part a prompt check, and proceedings might be inan gurated, between now and the 4th of March, which would settle the affairs of the two re publics upon a firm, sound and enduring basis, Let Mr. Seward stand firmly and un- waveringly upon the principles enunciated by him in his Western specches, delivered in tho months of September and October last, and actively assist in giving practical effect to his own teachings, and he will be able to claim the enviable title of having laid the corner stones of two majestic friendly empires, whose future grandeur we are now scarcely able to conceive. ‘This is an age for the successful application of new international as well as philosophical principles. The agitations which commenced in the religious world three centuries ago, wore the foundation of the independence of mind which obtained its political developement at the time of the French Revolution, and which can never be stayed, in whatever channel the spirit of the age causes them to run. Freedom is all that is needed to enable systems, how di- verse soever they may be, to receive their ap- plication without interference from one an- other, in perfect harmony in thoir different spheres, and without the remotest danger of collision. The withdrawal of their Megiance from Great Britain of the thirteen colonies, was regarded by many, at the time, as a fertile source of disaster. What has, however, been the result? While the United States has prospered, I'ngland has derived advantages from us in commerce tenfold greater than she could have received, had we continued to be the dependents of the mother country. Our relations are of the most satis- factory nature, and each country respects and rejoices in the welfare of the other. The same end would be produced by a proper solution of the difficulties between the North and the South. Grateful remembrances of the past would remain, and an alliance, offensive and defensive, founded upon mutually advan- tageous commercial treaties, would bind us with links of adamant together. Let the Union then be peacefully dissolved. Let the South take its ewn course, and the North extend itself in the manner which its destiny calls for. Each will need the assistance of the ofer. Northern troops may yet have to repel invaders of the possessions of slave- holders in Mexico and Venezuela, and our fleets will joyfully aid in dispersing new Spanish armadas on the coast of Cuba. Nor do we doubt the truth of the assurance of our Southern correspondent, that under the walls of Quebec, and on the banks of the St. Law- rence, legions from Louisiana, Alabama and South Carolina, will aid us, if required, to se- cure the fruits of victories or annexation in Canada. No more favorable auspices could exist for the creation of two American con- federacies, than those that exist now, and the sooner it happens the better. Prorosep Restanation or Msmpers or Con- orEss.—In the present stage of the revoladion at the South, and in view of the hopelessness of anything being done by this Congress ‘to avert the dissolution of the Union, the proposition of Mr. Montgomery, of Pennsylvania, in the House of Representatives on Wednesday, is the very best that could be offered. He proposes that every member of Congress resign, and that there be an election immediately to fill their places. The issue would be, “Compromise measures or not, to save the Union from final disgolutipn,” and the people would instruct their representatives. This is the most expeditious way, if not the only way, of now reaching the question in time. It is notorious that a vast majority of the people of the North are now in favor of the rights of the South. But the republican mem- bers of the present Congress are so commitied by their speeches and votes against those rights that they will not yield to the change in the public mind. If they refuse to resign and sub- mit the question to the people, it is because they are conscious the people are against them and would not send them back to Congress. Most of the republican members assume that the people decided the question at the Presi- dential election. But no such question was then put to the people. It is true-that Lincoln was elected upon the isgue of excluding slavery from the Territories. But he was not elected by a majority of the people, but only by a small minority. The people, therefore, did not. decide, for this is a government of majorities. Even if a majority did so decide, their decision would not be binding against the constitution, which is the shield of the minority against the oppression of the majority, aiid the Supreme Court, the authorized expounder, has declared that slavery has a right to enter the Territories in virtue of the constitation. But since the election the times are entirely changed, and a new state of appalling facts is prosented to view. What the people wish to have done, un- der the changed aspect of affairs, ought to be left to themselves to decide, and members of Congress ought to resign under the circum- stances, They have no right to allow the Union to be broken up or to drive the country into civil war on their own responsibility. The dissolution of Parliament and a new election is the mode always adopted in England in questions of great difficulty, in order to al- low the people to pronounce. Shall the people under a republican form of government not have the same privilege enjoyed by the people under a monarchy? The eyes of the American people are now on their representatives in Con- gress, and woe to them if they allow the Union to be dissolved, or the country to drift into civil war, without giving their constituents the opportunity of declaring their will upon a question involving the fate of the nation. Avsornen Inzecat Sxizvre or Arms Des TINED FoR THE Souru.—We published yester- day an accouat of another illegal seizure of arms by the police of this city on board the schooner Caspian, bound for Savannah. There was no warrant of any Justice, and no au- thority whatever for this preceeding, any more than there was for that of the previous day. The constitution knows -no North or South, and the proceeding is Wholly unwarrantable. As the pelice did not act even under the color of law, it becom¢s a serious question whether they are not indictable for robbery. Certain it is that itwas a highhanded outrage, suggestive of the gravest reflections to every well constituted mind. If such acts can be per- petrated with impunity in our midst, then are we in a state of anarchy, and have no laws of any practical value and no administration of justice. It would seem as if a military des- potiem were gradually growing up to crush the freedom of the citizen. We find fault with Southern cities for violating the laws of the Union, and yet our municipal authorities violate these very laws in the most flagrant manner, Mexrixo oy Tux Evanoutscat, ANT-BtAvERY Socrery.—We published yesterday a report of the meeting of the Anti-Slavery Convention of “evangelical ministers and members of all the | religious denominations,” held appropriately at “the Church of the Puritans.” The object, we are told, was to pray over “the grave aspects of slavery.” If, instead of praying about what ‘oes not need their prayers, the condition of : happy negroes in servitude under Christian masters, who provide them with food and rai- ment and shelter, and take care of them in sickness and old age, these philanthropists would only direct their efforts towards the amelioration of the temporal and spiritual con- dition of the free negroes at the North, to say nothing of the numeroys white slaves starving in all our large cities, willing to work, but un- able to get anything to do, they might accom- plish some good. Our social system of free labor makes no provision for the destitute, and gives the white man no legal right to demand sustenance. In consequence of the disturbed condition of the country, owing to these anti-slavery evan- gclicals, commerce, manufactures, trade and every description of business are injured, and thousands of workmgmen are thrown out of employment. They are in far greater need of commiseration than the sleek, well fed, fat negroes of South Carolina or Alabama. But “the aspects of the slavery question are grave” in another sense; for the fanatics of such conventions as that just held in New York have succeeded at last in splitting the Union into two fragments, and perhaps in bringing on a long and bloody civil war. “Grave,” indeed! There is one consolation which may be de- rived from the meeting of this Convention, and it is a significant sign of the times. It is this: the meeting was a complete failure; nobody attend- ed. Just as in the case of Helper’s lecture, it was “a beggarly account of empty benches.” The tide of public opinion has turned at the North. Abolition is at a discount; but we fear the re- pentance is too long delayed. The people now clearly understand that the anti-slavery agitation is the cause of the dismemberment of the Union, and whatever calamities may follow from it; but they have now only a short time in which to practically exhibit the revolution in favor of the constitution which has taken place at the North since the Presidential elec- tion; and it may be that all their efforts to heal the breach are now too late. How often have we warned them of their danger, but in vain. . ACTION oF THE Borer Srates Upon tur Bet- LIGERENT DEMONSTRATIONS OF THE NorTasry LeGistatcres.—We publish to-day copies of two resolutions adopted by the Legislature of Tennessee, in response to the “men and money” manifesto of our incorruptible legislators at Albany. The Governor of Virginia has sent a message to the Legislature of that State ex- pressing views similar to those held by the General Assembly of Tennessee; and the State of Kentucky has likewise formally entered a protest against Littlejohn’s resolutions. We notice, too, from the tone of the journals all along the border, that the people of Maryland, Kentucky, Delaware, Virginia and Tennessee are quite unanimous in their feeling against the action of the lobby operategs and militia generals of this State. It is not understood there, as it is here, that Littlejohn’s resolution was concocted for the purpose of making a little political capital with the extreme black re- publicans in the rural districts, and that Gene- ral Sandford had a similar object in view when he tendered the services of the First division “for ary emergency.” Littlejohn will never fight with anybody except Hon. Massa Greeley; and Sandford, judging by his magnificent mili- tary manceuvres on the occasion of the visit of the Prince of Wales, would be too far behind time to hurt anybody. The worthy General is only figuring a little to retain his commission— a bill to legislate him into private life being before the Legislature. The movements of the warlike Kerrigan, who now roars, like Bottom in the play, as gently as a sucking dove, are of as much account as those of Littlejohn, Sand- ford & Co. In their hearts they all agree with Mr. Lucius Robinson that it will do very well to talk of war, but it is a very different thing to go into battle. So our fellow citizens in the border States need have no fear. We will eat with them, drink with them, and, above all, trade with them. As for going out of our way to fight with them, that is simply an absurdity, gotten up by a few small politicians who wish to take hold of the present disturbed condition of things as means by which they may tempo- rarily emerge from obscurity into that sort of notoriety which is as cheap as it is con- temptible. Tax Wasurnoton Lospy.—It appears that the irrepressible lobby agents at Washington are taking advantage of this crisis to engineer through Congress or the Executive departments some very fat jobs. The Pacific Railroad bill is the monster of the lot; but we have some hopes that it will be swamped frem the quarrel started by Mr. Douglas in the Senate, over the list of tho corporators. John Wentworth, of Illi- nois, one of the names incorporated in the bill as it came from the House, did not please Mr. Douglas, and so he contrived to have that of- fensive name stricken out. Of course, the re- publicans of the House will put it in again, and before this matter can be adjusted this Congress, we hope, will be too néar its end to save the bill. Absurd as the scheme is, under the present condition of the country, this is perhaps the only hope of defeating it, and its demands upon the public treasury and the pockets of the people, of at least one hundred millions of dollars. Let Mr. Douglas hold fast to his objections to Wentworth, and the “Little Giant” may become a great one among the people. Prospect or Cuvar Sugar.—The republican party in Congress threaten to repeal so much of the existing tariff law as imposes a duty of twenty-four per cent on foreign sugars for the benefit of the Louisiana sugar planters. This repeal, too, will be perfectly fair and legiti- mate with the secession of Louisiana from the Union; and it will be a positive gain to the other States of the confederacy, inasmuch os the effect will be, in New York, for example, a reduction of the prices of sugars to the extent of twenty-four or five per oent. In other words, with the repeal of the sugar duty, seventy-five cents will buy the sugar for which we now pay a dollar, This cheap sugar plan of coercion is much better than war. As a Union movement, we have no objection to cheap sugar. oe Exotanp 70 Ackxowia DOE THE InpEPEN DENCH oF THX SovriKRN t,ONPEDERACY,—We have received by telegraph from Toronto, Canada West, the very importam’ intelligence that the Toronto Leader, the govermment paper, of yesterday, declares it is id a position to an- nounce, in the most positive terms, vhat it is the intention of the English governmem’ to ac- knowledge the independence of the Sovtthem confederacy as soon as it is formed. The Ca- nada authorities, in view of the probability of all the British provinces of North America being soon annexed to our Northern States, take a deep interest in our affairs. The in- formation has probably come direct from the English government, in reply to a question put by the Canadian government, which would be naturally anxious to know what part itself should play in the event of a disruption of our confederacy. The answer is that Great Britain will recognise the independence of the South- ern Union. , This was foreshadowed in Lord Palmerston’s peech, which we published yesterday, and any one at all conversant with the history of the British government might have safely arrived at that conclusion long ago. It is a govern- ment whose prosperity is founded on trade, and it would sell all the abolitionists of Exeter Hall and New England together for its com- mercial interests. The rampant republicans who, in refusing to make concessions, de- pended upon the support of the English gov- ernment to aid them in the coercion of the South, on account of the anti-slavery senti- ment of the English people, will now find themselves as much disappointed as they may hereafter be in the expected insurrection of the slaves. The English government never yet acted against its own interests for a sentiment. It did not foresee the disastrous effects of its abo- lition of negro slavery in the West Indies; but itis well known that if that measure could now be only undone it would never be carried in the British Parliament. As to any moral or religious scruple about slavery operating in favor of the North with the British government, the idea is ridiculous. The British govern- ment, for gain, encouraged and protected the worship of the idol Juggernaut in India, while thousands of votaries were crushed beneath the wheels; and it has friendly relations at this moment with the slave empire of Brazil. The interests of the British government all lie in the Southern States. There is the cotton upon whose manufacture 80 many of the Eng- lish population depend for their lives; and there Great Britain will find her best customers for those articles as well as her other manu- factures, which will probably be admitted duty free. Here is the immense bribe held out to the English government, whose conscience is to be found in their pockets; and it is a sufficient reason why it should intimate even now that it will not permit the North to wage war upon the Southern States merely for asserting their inde- pendence. A Danoxrovs ExrertMent.—It appears. that “just above Vicksburg, by direction of Gov. Pettus, a battery has been erected, and that every boat hailing from north of Mason and Dixon’s line is compelled to round to and give an account of itself.” This, we think, what- ever the specific object may be, is a dangerous experiment on the part of the local authorities of the Stute of Mixswissippi. The people of the Northwestern States regard the Mississippi river asa free national highway, their natural commercial outlet to the sea. They: also have the will and the power to make good their claim against any attempt and any combina- tion to obstruct the free navigation of said river, or, a8 Mr. Calhoun called it, “this inland sea.” Therefore if the authorities of Mississippi do not wish to invite a collision with the eight or ten millions of people of the Northern and Northwestern States who are directly interést- ed in the right of way up and down “the Father of Waters,” these batteries, which would re- duce the lower river to the condition of the Dardanelles, will be abandoned. There can be no such a thing as the control of the Mississippi river bya Southern State or a Southern con- federacy. It would be as easy to turn back the mighty stream itself as the trade which na- ture has declared shall float upon its bosom te the sea. Ovp Fossu. Pourricau Lerten Wrerers.—In every political crisis, great or small, we have a lot of old political fossils who set to work, might and main, with all the wisdom of the seven wise men of Greece, to save the Union. So it happens that this present fearful crisis of dissolution, revolution and circumlocution has brought out these old fossils, weeping and wailing and expounding the law and the prophets. Thus a Union saving letter has ap- peared from ex-President Tyler, almost as long- winded as Henry A. Wise; another very dole- ful has been vouchsafed by ex-President Pierce; another, very flat, by ex-President Fillmore; another by the immortal John Minor Botts; “and the cry is still they come.” This basi- ness of Union saving is somewhat cool on the part of Fillmore and poor Pierce, when we consider that it is to the spoils, corruptions and desperate political tricks at Washington for which they are responsible that we are mainly indebted for these troubles which now afflict the country. Ex-President Van Buren, who practically commenced this work of dissolu- tion in 1848, has not yet written a letter on the crisis, being too busy, perhaps, in looking after his potatoes and cabbages. To complete the ox-Presidential schedule, let us have a letter from the Sage of Lindenwald. A Te THE GeNERAL GovennmEnt.—Several of the Northern States—New York and Ohio among the rest—have offered material aid to the federal government, and Mr. Secretary Dix has pointed out a very feasible plan through which the patriotic sentiments of our republi- can friends can be carried into practical effect. As our readers are aware, the States received some twenty-five years ago the surplus revenue of the government on deposit, without interest, said deposit being reclaimable on demand of Congress. Mr. Dix now suggests that as the government cannot borrow money, except at high rates of interest, the States should restore the funds left in trust to them. The share of New York was about three millions of dollars, which would go a great way towards relieving the federal treasury of its present embarrasaments. Will Mr. Speaker Littlejohn, who is very clover at drawing up buncombe resolutions, give ua one more, directing the Comptroller of tha State to draw his warrant in favor of Mr. Cisco, United States Sub-Treasurer, for this small amount? That would be the very best method of tendering “money” to the gené As fox the “mon,” thoy