The New York Herald Newspaper, December 22, 1860, Page 6

NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OPFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS TERMS, cash im advance, Money sent by mwil wx Me at ish og the vender, ‘Nome tr Bank tir current tv Soe “TIE DAILY ABRALD, w THE WEFKEY HEb Al, sopy, oF $8 per annum, Die (ab six conte per copy, $4 pe or cop, OT per anw Kotuedayy nt pe a aD ‘ tenia per copy, or $! Or THE FAMILY HERAL eopy. or $2 por annus : Volume XXV... . sot AMUSEMENTS: Matar NIRLO'S, CARDEN, Bi DE IN INREMUANS jane UN FILLE PRMRIBLE— Awe WINTER GARDEN, Brandway, opposite ond sireot ~ Buvres— KaTuxRine AND T'eTRU: BOWERS THEATRE, Howery.—srauoiva & Kooen’s EQuxsthian TRovre, Afternoon ai mg. WALLAOK'S THEATRE, Broadway.—To Manay o# Now ro Makay—Tak Low san. LACKA KRBENB'S THEATER, No. 62t rondway BxrkN Sisrens. NEW BOWRKY THEADRE, Bowery. —Afternoon and Evening—Hersy, tHe Hunexe—Tax Pour Lov sus —Pacu Jones RARNUM'S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broatway —0y Bveriag —Tig Ska OF Ion —Azteo OM ILDREN—Livine Ouitins, 0, BRY ANTS’ way. —B RL eSQU HOOLEY & CAMI'S Broadway.—Eriorras Dixins’ Lao. CANTERBURY MUSIC HALL, 665 Broadway.—sonus, Daxcus, BURLASCURS, s MELODEUN, No. 909 Brondway.—Sonas, Dances, Bor. Busours, a0. ‘TRIPLE SHEET. ky Sal aiday, December 22, 1860. 3 MINSTRE a8, DANCRS, New Yo The Together with a ma f the cou e from va Tious paris movement in detailed reports of } gs of the Sou raphic somma After some unimportant busin h this morning pro day's and Tara la Carolina Convention sterday, day. a long address to the Southern Sta uth Carolin ing the injuries done & Union, was read, day. The substance of this address is given tao} port. The Convention then went into sec sion ‘on the subject of postal matters On thi importont matters there be considerable diversity of opinion, as no less than five different propositions were presented. «patches supply the details, to which our readers are referred. Tho Convention has ap- pointed R. W. Barnwell, ex-Governor Adaiws and ex-Speaker Orr commissioners to visit Wasb- ington. Throughout the entire South, so far as we have received advices, the secession of South C, from the Union has been hailed with all the custo- mary demonstrations of popular rejoicing. Both of the Congressional Select Committees on the perilous condition of the country were in ses- | sion for a short time yesterday. In the Senate Committee a variety of propositions were pre- sented, among them that of Mr. Crittenden, re viving the Missouri compromise line. It favorably received. The proceedings mittee were harmonious, and the discussions i cated a determination to bring matters to a fair and peaceful adjustment if possible. The House Committee agreed to po-tpons action on Mr. Rost's resolution until Thursday, and adjourned to that day. mittee subsequently held a caucus, and from the tone of the debates it is pretty clear that they are determined to admit of no compromise on the question of slavery in the Territories, but to stand at all to the doctrine of the Chicago platfo hazard- it tated that the President will on Monday rend to Congre pecial message with referea: ession of South Carolina, + were despatehed to Charleston yesterday by President, with, it ix supposed, instructions (o the Collector and Postmaster of the city, and also to Major Anderson, the commander of Fort Moultrie to the formal cial messengi In the Senate yesterday the House Pacific Rail bill wos made th ecial order for the 2d nuary. The bill to allow the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad to ross the Potomac at Long Bridge was debated and passed. Mr. Yulee, of Florida, moved a reconsideration of the vote whereby Mr. Davia was excaved from serving on the Special Committee of Thirteen. Mr. Davis ex plained his position, but before taking final ac- tion on the subject the Senat uroed till Mon day. The House was not in session yesterday. Ry the arrival of the Fulton off Cape Race, at five o'clock yesterday my rnipg, we have European advices to the 12th inst., three days later than those received by the Persia, The news is inte resting, espe in a commercial poii The flow of specie to the U tinues. The Fulton has on boar¢ 10,000, and the City of Manchester, which left Liverpool on the 12th, has $39,000 on freight. Console at London on the 12th closed at 925,992 for accon dividend. American railway securities pressed. At Liverpool (/¢ quiet but steady at unchan stuffs were active at a small a es. The reporis of the cay Alfies, and the flight of the tre fully confirmed. The revolutionary manifestations in Hungary sontinee. We publish this morning interesting letters from var correspondents in Paris, Berlin and Naples. st will be seen by our Naples letter that serious disturbances have n place between the Gor’ daldians and Fogtich and Sardinian troops, and that an attemp: wae recently made on the life of Victor Emanuel by some infuriated fanacic upon the occasion of a review of the Sardinian troops at Naples, A duel is also reporte taken plase between Capt. Van Benthuys New Orleans, and Lieut. Mary, of Nashvill American officers at'ached to Gen «taf, Lieut. Mo.) was elightly wounded on the first fire, when | tificulty was amicably ad- usted The Empire City, Capt. Daxter, from New Or- Jeans via Havana (ho 16th, arrived here vesterd morning, after 4 rough passage from ie latter d States con- of Pekin by the eror #ad his army, P to have . of two port. She brings news of the landing of two more | cargoes of Africans near Sancti Spiritus, from American veseois, aad the capture of one of the numbering seven hundred souls. Orders had been isened for the arrest of all the coast guards at Raneti ©; iritas for conniving at the landing. A despatch from Albany states that the entire military staff of Governor Morgan have resigned their commissions. In the Coort of Oyer and Terminer yesterday | ‘the counsel of James Massey, the pugilist, who is ‘under indictment for 6n assault upon a police offl- cer, stated that his client had not absconded, but was ready for trial. The case was sot down for Monday next. In the Board of Supervisors yoaterday the ro. port and resolution in favor of increasing the police force to eighteen hundred men, by the addit: four bondred recruits, were taken op, discussed tnd adopted, with but one dissenting vote. The sdditional expense incurred by this measure will amount to $320,000. No other business of import ence was transacted. The republican members of the com- | | of the age Avezzana’s | of | the late explosiva of a stean wmboat Commonwealth re- he jury renderi i Evidence wav addur © were but fifteen pours ceident, while the i ty pounds, 7 i to the corrosion of the avi tenth ® awles Wore P te ponds m chsed about r aarrel Wij he nsact ions whoot wore 4 the firmness ¢ he Vy ale wer t irregular prie t ‘ wh merece rates, Comm was t rother better pric, with With sles of eld mess at $15 62 eM prime ot 810 25, and a {full prices, ebietly , bow , fone wits light. Freights were token toa fale ox or English yorts, while rates elosed iu faver f Iippers Yeore Complications—Doex tho South De- ad Concessions? The action of the Charleston Conventi seceding from the Union makes it more and mere manifest that upon the course waieh all be resolved upon by Mr. Lincoln, neist be future welfare of this republic. hysicians ngton, in the nd House of Representati 3, are con sing new modes of saving th having made one substantial step yence towards the end which they profess ‘ach political Doctor Sangrado ion, which personal vanity in a have in view. Las his pet insy suggests will allay the fever in the public mind, and reeoncile the contending interests of (he North and South. eof these are bad. the mber puenle and indifferen piioual cases, they may be pronovneed not wholly destitute of good. Among the liter are ceriain amendpents to the constitution, re cently proposed by Senator Crittenden, of Ken- tucky. ‘They are called compromise amendments ey are not wholly acceptable, but they e called forth unmeasured abuse on the part of tle republican journals of the North en acecunt of their tendency to delay such ton as has been taken within the last two by South Carolina, Foremost in the rank of assailants stands tLe New Yor Tribune, whose comments upon er in ex aay Lis bill we have transeribed in another column of today’s paper. This leader of Dluck republicanism in the North has dene more to inenleate abolition doe- trines than all other organs of the “irre- pressible conflict” idea put together. In large | cities it is comparatively little known; but it has cbtained an extensive circulation in the ru- ral districts of the Eastern, Western and North- western States, and influences extensively the quasi Poritanical minds of the scattered population of our ggricultural districta. It re- presents, properly speaking, the barbaric code of three centuries ago, when hanging, quarter- ing, burpit with an oceasivual variation of the thumbscrew, rack, pulley and other extraor- dinary instruments for bloodily instilling social and religious tenets, were considered heaven in- | spired and orthodox. Such pleasayt mov for the propagation of truth, applied to freedom of opinion, Fourierism, socialism and red re- publi¢anism, found immense favor with the ter- | rorists of the French Pevolution, and have ' been consistently advocated by this leading forgan of risonian ultraism in the free states. Forgetting or ignoring that the spirit n ands absolute liberty of religious opir pa, ojaelly, freedom of judgment in relation to social institutions, it appeals to that latent epiri! of intolerance which, it is to be feared, will never be extinguished, so long preserves its ambition for ascendaney. It demands, according to its own words, that the “fruits of years of labor” should be conceded as the fruit of “legitimate victory” to the “anti-slavery sentiment of the North.” It declares that it is “fatal foolishness to make any concessions now,” and insists, on behalf of these who seck for an “anti-slavery Bible and anti-slavery God,” that if they are but balf through the battle,” (2 y must “finish as priesteraft it like men.” ‘The trath is, . owever, that the South asks for no compiomise d ands no concessions, It seeks on ° ful enjoyment of stitutional hts which ¢ gaaran- ic by the constitution. It is false ery exists cooly through municipal is repugnant ‘o the common law.” \t the time who n the constitation was framed slavery existed throughout the length and breadth of the land. setts and New York were held by the same t nure that slaves are now held ia South Caroli- na, Alabama Louisiana. No Fugitive Slave law was need because the require- ment that “fugitives from labor” should be de- livered up was no more advantageous to the moster in Georgia than to the possessor of ne- grces in Pennsylvania and Connecticut. Sla- very Was not especially sanctioned by any “municipal law" it was a part of the common law of (he entire confederation. “The wiedom of the fathers,’ which the republican org: loudly vaunts, cocognized that common law as underlying all written legislation It underlies and forms a portion of the basiy upon which and the constiiavon rests, The reiterated appeal to passages in the writings of Washington, Jef- Madieon and others, which would exhi- bit them as hostile to slavery, is contradicted and rendered absurd by the glaring fact that, whatever private opinions as political econo- mists they moy have held, they nevertheless, in, by and, thicagh the constitution, selemuly becteatbed the rights of slaveowners to all fu- (aie generations in the United States, and that, in necordance with that instrument, the then existing common law of the country carries slavery into every square acre of territory which the nation may ever poasers. If the slaveholder,” we are told, “chooses to bring bis elaves into the free States, let him | do so hereafter, as he bas done heretofore, at the risk of loving them in a community governed by Uie laws of freedom.” Properly interpreted, this sentence contains a complete confession of ihe injustice and iniquity of which republican- iem in the Northern States has been guilty. It is a declaration of war in behalf of the princi- ples of special State legislation, since the con- stitut'on was framed, against thore principles which universeily prevailed, were dominant, and regorded as axiomatic, previons to such encroachment. The South, 0 far from asking for compromise, rejects the compromise theory. Tnetead of demanding or seeking for conces- sions, it requires thot the word concession shall be expunged from the political vocabu- The Coroner's investigation Into the cirewm- lery, end that the rights should be restored Bondemen of Massachu- | | segar to everybody be waits on, and expects a a » it whic pe reeve have been heretofore so steadily, uly and wickedly violated. wenly )carsafter the constivation was enact- ed Corton Northern States insisted upon putting Jon institutions under the ban of the . ly oscluding tham from the common lievritory: then the right was assumed the property of citizens of the vrning, or io transit, at the North. r ucts were parsed to impede the right of rcclomation of fugitives from service, which the constitution bad explicitly wuaranteed; next em of propagandism was inaugu- on nm active & ed for the gainst tLe sceial institutions of the Southern Sictes, The pulpit wes desecrated, and the press prostituied, to incite to insurrection, mur- cd rapine. Last of all, a seetional party wes ercated, on (he bas’s of an “irrepressible conflict,” i: opposition to those who entertained freedom of opinion and of action with respect ocial institutions, and a President and to our | Vice President have been elceted with a view | toe . of ummate (he vets of aggression which have heen carried so far, and of finishing, like men, the battle which shall fill up the iscasure to the country, The South opposition to all this, that it may @o es it has done “heretofore ;” but it would retrograde this word f re’ to the epoch following immediately after T7s7, and not confine it to the period referred to » the abolit t organ, which embraces only iho yeurs of anti-constitutional usurpation that hive preeeded the present lomentable erisis. disaster asks, in the great want of the country i that i) may be restored to its pristine intey vd that the evils which craft and fanageism have brought upon us be obliterated. Anii- stavery propagandism has ussumed, uader the auspices of religions and philanthropist fa- natics, no greater proportions than the mon- strous and unnaiural ambition of priesicralt has continually, within the experience of the past forty centuries, imposed upon the human | race. If left to itself it would devour everything before it. It would restore thp burnings, hang” ings, drawings and quarterings of bygone times. lis downfall must be looked for in the intelli- gence oi the people. Whe civilization of the age demauads the same freedom for social insti- tutions as is yielded cheerfully for religious opinions. The clergy, driven from their strong- hold of persecution for the sake of simple dogma, have had recourse to witch drownings, liquor laws, and. latest, to abolitionism, to re- tain their power over their flocks They have clothed themselves with this latter as with a garment, and by their vile suggestions have created the fever heat in the public mind which has resulted in driving one of the most yalued of the original States out of the confede- ration. The time has come to throw off the incubus, and to assert for the South- erner travelling in New England with his bond property the same __ privileges which are granted to the Catholic, Presbyteri Shaker or Methodist, who carries hither the distinctive chapter in his catechism which separates him from all others, and secures as heelieves, bis exclusive salvation. Upon Mr. Lincoln particularly devolves the heat and bur- den of securing peace to the Union in the pre- sent crisis, No dictator of the Roman republi appointed for a limited number of months to save the republic, ever wielded mor. power for the four years which wil! follow the ne: fourth day of March. If he will appre: fact that he is not the President of any faction or of any party, but that, in view of the analysis we have recently made of the popular vote, he stands upon the eny able vantage ground of be- ing bound by er ies and obligatioas than any reler of the country that ever preceded him; if he will consider the necessities of the North, and also of the South, and recommend for the benefit of both such amendments to the constitution as may secure their respective rights, he will deserve to be classed higher in history than any President that has preceded him since the days of Washington. Tue Apvent or me Honmay Seasox.—The delightful weather of yesterday brought oul the beauty of New York in an impressive ar- ray, and Broadway has seldom presented vo fine a sight. The Christmas holidays just commencing no doubt contributed to the throng, and the festive appearance of the store windows had its share in the attraction. The Paris Boulevards, during the Jour de 1 An, when everybody calls upon everybody, and every- | body, more or less, makes presents to every- body, and every garcon presents an orange or | five frane piece from everybody in return—the Houlevards, we say, from the Madeleine up, never presented a gayer sight on New Year's day than Broadway yesterday. It was plea- sant to see childhood and youth, maturity and old age, alike deriving health and pleasure in ibis impromptu carnival. It was refreshing to look at the happy faces and the grace- jul forme, and a gladsome relief from the contemplation of political turmoil, with ell its aches and pains. An honr's respite from the anxieties of threatened secession, in threading the way through such a gulaxy of loveliness and scene of festivity, was better than the best medicine in the world for invigorating the wearied mind. we shall have many such days, which area sure harvest to the boys and girls, who reap a more than full reward of the gifts which Christ- mas and the New Year usually bring in conse. quence The shower of yold that must bave fallen into the coffers of our retail storekeepers was quite in keeping with the rhower of gold we bad from abroad on the previous evening, | sranny, had compelled them to slave the head and we trust that these hopefnl showers may continue till the political sky exchanges its stormy clouds for a sunny tranquillity, S¥erssion Svate Conventions.—South Caro- lina baving opened the ball of secession, we ie- produce, for the information of our readera, the cotton States, in the order ia which thoy are expected to follow. A secession State Conven- tion will be held— Jn Florida, January 3, In Alabama, January 7, In Mississippi, January 7. In Texas (spontaneous), January 8. In Georgia, January 9, In Louistana, January 23. A special session of the Legislatures each of Virginia and Tenneseee, in roference to a State Convention, will meet on the 7th January. The Legislature of North Carolina is now in session, and according to onr last reports was engaged ‘upon measures for arming the Sta‘a. The times “are big with the fate of mations” in both hemlepheres. * hereto- | We hope that | . | wi ii Fe, purpose of preaching « cru-ade | Il be immenre The Capture of the Capita! of €) a i-The Fruits of the Victory. The fall of Pekin Vefore the allie! Tr and English ams marks u great epoo history of Ch na. to be characterized political, ve’iyious and commercial reveln Micr reigning for npwards of thirty oen'n the present dynasty has passed away, [is list Tmperer has fled the cont try, like the last of the Fourbon kings trem Franee in 1848, and will probably be succeeved by the new dynasty of the rebel chief. ~ ‘The moral effect of the vielory of the Allies Tt will convince the Chinese of the hopelessness of resisting European arms, and prepare the way for peace and the estab- listment of free commercial intercourse with a vast empire, whose population numbers four hundred millions, and whose trade is so im- portant to the Western hemisphere, The ef- tect of the example vpon the Japanese gov- ernment will be most decisive in quickening ts action in the same direction, As the Eurepean and Americar governments of tie Caucasian race are influenced by the poll- ical action and eemmereial policy of each other, £0 are the Eastern empires of Asia aways ed by the impulses and acts of their neighbors of the same Mongolian type and the same re- ligion, The results to the commer of the 8, world are incalenlable, and no country can de- | » much benefit from it 1 eur own. The object of the expedition may now be dered as virtually achieved. The poris of ti na will be opened to all nations, aud the sivietions by which commercial intercourse was fe vd will be removed. The Allies will probebly treat with the rebel chief, in opposi- tion to the fugitive Emperor and his friends the Tartars. This, to the Allies, would be the shortest and safest way of securing r ob- for in the event of their nego- een; | tiatine with the deivated Emperor, they might have to fight the with the revolutienists. popular in France aud England, and tho [ struggle has enlisted the common sympathies of both nations, the espousal by the Allies of the revolutionary cause in China would be im- ly popalar with all classes, particularly 1gy, Who see in it an opening for the suc- cesstul propagation of Obristanity. The reveiution is a religious one, the insur gent chief having, like Mahomet, inveuted wu battle over again As revolution is now | new religion, partly from the law of Mooes and ciate the | | dynasty by the people, the ideas of the ency: ' partly from the Gospels, the iacas betog probably gathered from the smouldering thoughts of Christian missionaries of former times. It is believed that the new system can be used to overthrow paganism and idolatry, and that the transition to pure Christianity may le yendered easy. From the most recent intel- ligence we learn that the disposition of the in- surgents is friendly towards European Christians; so that there is every prospect of u fraternization between them and the repre- sen‘atives of the two greatest Christian Powers of Enrope. Religious and philos pLhical revolutions are the most »uccessful an? the most tenacious. The Protestant reformation, which began in Germany three centuries ago, was nothing but arevolution produced by a book. Its eifvcts upon Europe have been wremendous. The phi- | losophical ideas of the French encyclopedists contributed in a very great degree to the American Revolution, and that event ripened pret oon - Sechiiad | rapidly into fruit the seeds sown in France, than will be possessed by the President aa ! prodveing the great revolution in that country, which rocked all Europe like an carthquake, and whose effects are in operation at this mo- ment in Italy, Hungary and other parts of the Eurepean continent. The overthrow of the Napoleon dynasty by the Congress of Vienna, in 1815, arrested for a time the progress of the French Revolution; but by the insurrection of 1848, which resulted in the restoration of that pedists again prevailed, and the revoludon re- sumed its march, overthrowing the doctrine of legitimacy and the divine right of kings, and tablishing upon the ruins of the old system the right of the people to choose their own rulers. The revolution is still in progress in Europe, controlled and regulate’ by a power- fal hand; and where it will end none can teli. Here, too, on the American continent, aud in our own goverrment, a dangerous revolution- aly movement has been set on foct, upona moral and religious basis, appealing to Uuri- tanical fanaticism for its success, though our ancestors thought they had excluded the opera- | tion of religious sectarian ideas from our sys tem by an amendment to the com-iitution. It is now culminating to its crisis, and whether it is destin. 1 to fail or be victorious a short dime will tell, Thus, ia three-quarters of the globe, revolu- | tions, resulting from religious or pailosophical ideas, are going forward at the same time, The Chinese revolution has been in motion fw nearly ten years, though it did not attract much attention till 1853, when the world was as- tonished by the intelligence that the ‘neurgent army had made a series of rapid and triumph- ant marches to tue northeast, laying ste and carrying by storm the city of Nankin. What astounded Christendom still move were of the proclamations of .the leader the movement, who styled himself Ta! teat Pivificating King.” They contai mi unts of the creation, the deluge, the eap- ac to | NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 22, 1°60.—TRIPLE tivity of the Israelites in Rgypt, and their de- | livery ar centre on of Jeens Christ, he Son of God, ter Moses; the incarnation, death aud | with vehement denunciations of idolatry, and | exhortations to the people to worship the “true | God,” and at th» same time to throw off the | yoke and exterminate the race of the Tartar usurpers, who, among other acts of deg: ling | and wear tails like monkeys. The followers of | the ireurgent chief suffered no razor to toneh them, and hence they wer’ designated » the imperialist documents, “long haired sebels.” | For a time the revolutionists lost ground, but of late they had suddenly sprang into activity again, and were making rapid progress. No doubt the capture of Pekin by the Allies, and | the obvious policy of the European Powers, will reeult in the complete success of the Chinese revolution, thus producing vast effects upon commerce, Christianity and modern civilization. Stream Fina Exorsts—The only absolute rafeguard against the spre .1 of disastrous con- flagrations ina vast city like this isa strong force of steam fire engines, the superior efficacy of which has teen abundantly established wherever they bave been tried; and when we consider that a number of yoars have expired since they were first introdnced into Cincinnati, and the success that attended them, it is sur- prising that they heave pot long ago entirely | i | | | city. SHEET. ruperseded the varatus in New York. We ore glad to perceive, however, that w ithin the past year several steam engines have been jut in operation, and we commerd the a tion ofthe Loard of Aldermen ai theiy last meo!ing In havirg decided to purebuss two more for he ad No. 6. use of gine Companies No. 2 Apart Yomile irmense power whieh the iv engin ssess in throwing a continuous body | of wa a burmng bu'lding, there is a Vuet sa waotal labor, which must neces- sarily redreo he number of firemen required, who in mai. cxse. encumber and embarrass ac- lion under “0 present system. coepemy, tec, se believe (hai the sicam appara- tus will be fo.ud highly advantageous, while in the t'me saying there con be no doubt of its superiority. hope to ree in avery short time the steam fire engine alone employed by the Fire Deparr« nt of Lie metropolis, and adopt- ed onthe ple: .! other ciiles—that is, being drawn by horse. and uot by men —ihus ena- Bling ovr fire ecicpanies to come fresh pou the scene of vction, instead of being eshansted by Oragging 9 cumbeous machine half through the ed be Widened or Closed Up? thdrawn from the Union, ed by her people for 8 aasnimously passed ve the Union between and other States South Ca s A State Convention, this express purpose “Ay Greinance to diss the State of South Car united wi Ler, under the compact entith Constitution uv: the ef States of America.” This uct, we po cotemy os are cisposed tot. ca! nullity, contending thu! ue seceding § much a part of the Union to-day as she was be- jore the yote upon the or‘inance in question. futwhat are the facts! “very 1 i Curolinu believes that bis parsiaouns is 10 the Siate-—that the State has ubis ordinance, and that under ‘b> thority, thus expressed, the authority of (oc federal government bas ccased to exist within her borders. Whatever, therefore, may be the technic. tities of the law on this subject, South Carolina, prsctica!ty, is no longer » member of that federal copartnership known as the United &@ mere ale is as States o. America. How, , is the Union to be saved? How is South Carolina to be reclaimed? How are we to prevent other States from adopting her example of secession? How, in the event of other States adopt og her example, are the with South Carolina, to be restored to the | Union? What measures have been sited or indicated, by the powers tat be, or by the powers that are to be, calculaied to re-establish the Union, and to restore peace and concord among its members? There can be no doubt that this prompt aad unanimons act of secession on the part of South Carolina is io secordance h Mr. Yancey’s programme of “precipitating the eot- ton States into a revolution.” Ia all proba- bility, too, Alabama, Mississippi, Florida, Georgia, and perhaps Louisiana, will be put in the same position as South Carolina before the expiration of Janusry; for in each of these States, during the month of January, a secession convention will come off, beginning with Florida on the 3d. If they can be restrained a month longer, and if the fatal point of danger—the first bloody collision between the federal and the State authorities in Sout: Carolina —can be prevenied, in the meantime the Union, through wise counsels and by generous acts of pacifi- cation, may be re-established and harmonized. Even with the secession of all the cotton States, all damages may be repaired in the re- construction of the federal constitution, pro- vided always that the first bloody colli iva be- tween the federal and local authorities in ony State is avoided. Tut, in behalf of* the restoration of the Union, we derive very little encou agement hom our responsible agen's, whether we look | to Washington or to Springfeld. The debates and proceedings of the Congressional Com- mittee of Thirty-three, and o: ihe House and be Senaie, are all so far below the necessities of the crisis that we despair of avy relief from that quarter. In fact, the Marplots of Con- gress, North and South, are so embarassing the conservaiives at every point as to readey all efforts at a compromise among them worse than useless. In the meantime, because he has adopted the saving poli- ey cf avoiding, if possible, a bloody revolutionary collision in South Carolina, Mr. Brehanen is denounced as a “ dotard,” “an ubecile,” “a traites,” and a “ Tunat His counsels of peace are derided, his acts and wmotives are perverted, and he stands powerless amid the claghing clements of discord that sur- round him. Where. then, are we to look for relief? To Northern Un on meetings of the demoralized parties and fections routed and trampled under foot in this ‘ate Presidential election? They are good for pothing. We look to Springfleld— to the President eleet—to the official standard bearer of thie overshadowing Northern anti- slovery party, whieh, with its day of triumph, has brought upon the country this erisia of dis- ruption and ry vei tion, But what is the answer from Springfield, It comes through Mr Lune coln’s home organ, to the effect that ud soul Car Moa shall attempt to prevent the execution of the federal lawe within ber boundaries, “ then comes the tug of war; that “ the Prosi- dent, in such an emergency, has a plain duty to perform;” that “ Mr. Buchanan may shirk it, or ive emergency may not scise during his ad- ministration,’ but that if is should come fre: the 4th of March, Mr. Lincoln will mee. . with the strong arm of federal coercion. We can discover nothing through this line of policy but ao armed Southern conicderacy, ci- yi! war, and the march of » hostile force of our Southern brethren upon ihe city of Washing- ton, This will not do, Mr. Lincoln, You can see no way of avoid'’og the enforcement of the federal authority. But perhaps there may be a way of safety pointed ont. Th the tenth sec- tion of the first article of the constitution, it is declared that “No State shall, without the con- sent of Congress, lay any duty of tonnage, keep troops or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another State, or with a foreign Power, or engage in war, unlees actually invaded, or in such immi- nent danger as will not admit of delay.” This provision gives to Congress the power of recognizing « State in a semi-national condi- tion; and why may not Congress, in a liberal interpretation of this authority, relieve Mr. Lin- coln of the duty of coercing a seceding State or States into submission? Mr. Buchanan can find neither authority for nor expediency in this policy of coercion. Mz. Lincoln believes In point of | ed the | ive, some of var neWepaper | ee wust know that eoercion will bring upon ué endless war and disorgani.’ation, If be would be relieved, then, of this dreadful responsibili‘y, let him indicate his wish in sone | 1 ubte warner, and Congress, in a generous in- torpreteCon of the constitution, may come to Ms relief. South Carolina has assamed the po- iti © pendent State, and she will pt to exercise all the func- this position. Mr. Buchanan will probaly ayoid a warlike collision with her. Mr. 1 tn will not shrink from it; and ihus bis ineneuration may be the inauguration of a civil wor the most terrible in the history of mankind ‘This is ue danger most to be feared. If Mr. Lincoln would avoid it, let him speak; if he would restore the Union, let him indicate his wirles, his viiws and purposes in behalf of peace, His position, his responsibilities to the country, and every consideration of policy, call upon him to speak out for the Union and for peace. Pesce will keep open the door of re- conciliation; coercion will shut it. Lonis Na- poleon’s idea of the empire will apply to the | Union. The Union is peace. H vii ial j What Are Ms Liscory’s Views Upon tua | Savery Questiey °—In answer to the frequent | appeals addrezsed to the President elect, the vepublican journals have replied that his | platform may be found in his public speeches and letters, and we therefore call the attention of all persons who take that ground to the fol- lowing extract frem 9 le ter addressed by Mr. ; Linecln tu the republicans of Boston, in an- tions ineides swer to an invitation to participate in the cele- bration of Jefferson's birthday, April 1:60. 13, Mr. Lincoln writes as follows:— a world of compensations, and he wits would be must consent to hare no slave. Those who deny others de erce i no! for themselves, and, under si, canmat lony retain it, bis letter has becn largely eireulated in outh, baving been published in the New You Henato, and thence eopied into the Southern pape: It undoubteldy the Southe people as very excellent Goirisenian doctrine, od indeed it is nothing more nor Jess than ‘iat. Is it strange that, with such evidence bore thelr eyes, th people should '#etine to believe th | cola is not an \.cmy to their cherished institu- We think not. Why then does the Pre sident clect hesitate to clear his skiris of ali ‘on of abolitionism? And if be hoid s why, in view of th. | critical condition of public affairs, doos he hes! taic ‘0 avow thom? Silence, under such circum- stance, is criminal. ikes Southern Mr. Lin- tion? ve opiniot Ovr Sry Porice.—The Metropolitan police system, which bas been saddled upon us by the AYbany Legislature, is fast assuming an aspect so odious and insufferable (iat the people will be compelled at last to revolt against it and overthrow it altogether, unless it is abolished by statate, and the old Municipal police force restored. Instead of being an institution for the protection of our citizens, it is every day giving evidence of its utter inefficiency in that capacity; and, more, is degenerating into a sys- ‘on of espionage which is at variance with the spirit of our government and the sentiments of the people. Mr. Superintendent Kennedy has a theory that the workings of the police system should be entirely secret; that everything they do should be recorded in the sealed books of the department, from which the public eye and the press are to be carefully excluded. If the mode of couducting the police deparimont adopted in two or three recent insiauces, is to be pursned, we shall soon have a system estab- lished here more suited to a European despot- isin thaa to a community of free people. At the services ia Piymouth chureh, Brook- lyn, en Sunday evening, when some absurd vamor sbout an attempt to martyrize Mensz Ward Beecher got abroad, it is stated that there were no less than two hundred policemen pre- sent in disguise—tistening, no doubt to the conversation around them, which, we presume, they were instructed diligently to take note of and report, and that, too, in a place where eo mivca is always claimed for ihe right of free speech. If they were there for the purpose mply of keeping ‘Lo peace, why not appear in uniform, and in their proper charactor as policemen? Where was the negessity for disguise? Nor is this the only instance where the autho- rity of the police hes beon misapplied of latet Take the case of young Buchanan, charged with the murder of Mrs. Shonciks, in Twelfth street, and the conduct of the ofiicer who conveyed him to the city afver his arrest, as another example, upon which we took occasion to comment a few days ago. Aud, again, amore flagrant instance of inex- cusable espionage occurred at the Union Place Hotel, on Sunday last, on a pretext of enfore- ing the Sunday Liquor law. After the hotel was closed for the night, a policeman in citi- zen's dress entered by a side door, and, repro- | centing himself as a private citizen, begged as u favor for something to drink, as he was ex- coedingly thirsty and in need of refreshment. ‘The proprietor, Mr. Thorpe, informed him that he soid no liquor on that day, in obedience to the law, but that if be really was absolutely in need of a drink he would give him one, as he considered himself thea in his private house, the business of the day being over. The yisit- er asked for a ‘whiskey skiv.” Mr. Thorpe called for hot water and other necessary in- gredients for thut delectable compound, and, producing « small flask or can from a drawer, mixed the drink; whereupon his guest ot once cried out—"I arrest you for selling liquor on Sunday.” But the landlord happened to recog- nise the pretended private citizen at the first glance, and, requesting him to smell the prin- cipal ingredient in the “whiskey skin,” asked him if tere was any law against selling cam- phene on Sunday. The disguised officer, Low- ever, insisted upon taking Mr. Thorpe to the station house, where, the true nature of the fluid having been testified to by two of the waiters, the captain discbarged tho prisoner, assuring him that the policeman had overstepped the line of bis duty. While it was no doubt very pleasant for this gentleman to escape a night's lodging in « cell because a policeman had exceeded his au- thority, it does not alter the principle of the thing, nor does it relieve any citizen from the danger of arrest and its inconveniences at say moment a8 long ae our police system is con- ducted upon such a disgraceful plan as this. It is unnecessary to say, howover, that no such system can be long tolerated In this metropolis; for if it be carried much farther the people will put it down by some means. Mr. Fouche Kenaedy will find that the citizens of Now that cocreion will be his duty; put he